An automatic loading and unloading device for cleaning scrap metal.

Abstract

This invention discloses an automatic loading and unloading device for cleaning scrap metal, relating to the field of metal loading and unloading technology. It includes an ultrasonic cleaning box, a perforated cleaning cage, a unloading mechanism, and a loading chute. The perforated cleaning cage is installed inside the ultrasonic cleaning box, with lifting lugs fixed on both sides. The lower end of the loading chute faces the perforated cleaning cage. The unloading mechanism includes a gantry conveyor, a U-shaped frame, and a unloading chute. The U-shaped frame is mounted on the gantry conveyor and drives the U-shaped frame to move vertically and horizontally. Two rotating plates are mounted on the two inner sidewalls of the U-shaped frame. The perforated cleaning cage is located between the two rotating plates. One end of each rotating plate has a rectangular slot. The lifting lugs have a rectangular cross-section that matches the rectangular slot, allowing them to slide into the slot. The upper end of the unloading chute faces the ultrasonic cleaning box. This device completely solves the efficiency bottleneck of "one-by-one loading and unloading" by robotic arms and perfectly adapts to the batch processing needs of large-scale recycling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal loading and unloading technology, specifically to an automatic loading and unloading device for cleaning scrap metal. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing global resource constraints and the advancement of the circular economy strategy, scrap metal recycling has become a crucial link in ensuring resource security and reducing the industrial carbon footprint. Metal recycling cleaning, as the core pre-treatment process for recycling, directly determines the purity level and application value of recycled materials through its efficiency and cleanliness. This is especially true in high-end manufacturing sectors such as new energy vehicles and aerospace, where stringent requirements are placed on the removal of oil stains, oxide layers, and residual impurities from scrap metal surfaces. Data shows that in 2024, the Chinese stainless steel washing machine market reached 4.87 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 12.7%, with fully automated and intelligent equipment accounting for 44.2%, indicating a significant trend towards automation and intensification in the industry. Ultrasonic cleaning technology, leveraging the micro-jets generated by cavitation, achieves thorough cleaning of micron-level pores and complex structures. Compared to traditional acid and alkaline washing processes, it boasts advantages such as high cleaning efficiency, no risk of hydrogen embrittlement, and low chemical consumption, and has been widely applied in the metal recycling and cleaning field. However, existing ultrasonic cleaning equipment still faces several technical bottlenecks in practical applications: Firstly, insufficient automation in loading and unloading: Traditional waste metal cleaning relies heavily on manual loading and unloading, resulting in an efficiency bottleneck of less than 50 workstations per day. Furthermore, manual operation leads to a 3-5% probability of cross-contamination, and direct contact with chemical cleaning agents poses safety hazards for operators. While some semi-automatic equipment is equipped with simple conveying mechanisms, it lacks precise gripping and positioning systems, often resulting in misplaced workpieces and shifted cleaning cages, causing equipment collisions and uneven cleaning. Secondly, most mainstream automated loading and unloading solutions in the industry currently employ robotic arm structures. This type of equipment has advantages in single-workpiece processing scenarios. It avoids surface damage caused by collisions between metal parts and meets the personalized needs of precision machining. However, there is a fundamental difference between scrap metal cleaning and workpiece processing: scrap metal recycling does not require avoiding minor collisions between metals; the core requirement is efficient batch processing. Robotic arms, limited by their gripping mechanism design, can typically only grasp one or a small number of metal parts at a time, requiring loading and unloading to be completed individually. This results in a 3-5 times increase in processing time per batch. For cleaning tons of scrap metal, the daily processing capacity is only 60% of that of manually assisted methods, highlighting a significant efficiency bottleneck and making it unsuitable for the batch processing needs of large-scale recycling. Thirdly, resource utilization and environmental performance are insufficient: wastewater generated during scrap metal cleaning contains oil, metal fragments, and heavy metal ions. Existing equipment often lacks efficient filtration and circulation systems, leading to severe water waste and high costs for chemical reagents. The water consumption and hazardous waste treatment costs per ton of metal cleaned increase significantly. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an automatic loading and unloading device for cleaning scrap metal, thereby solving the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: an automatic loading and unloading device for cleaning scrap metal, comprising an ultrasonic cleaning tank, a perforated cleaning cage, a unloading mechanism, and a loading chute. An ultrasonic generator is installed on the ultrasonic cleaning tank, and the ultrasonic generator is connected to a transducer. The perforated cleaning cage is disposed inside the ultrasonic cleaning tank, and lifting lugs are fixed on both sides of the perforated cleaning cage, with the lifting lugs contacting the top surface of the ultrasonic cleaning tank. The loading chute is installed at an angle, with its lower end facing the perforated cleaning cage. The unloading mechanism… The structure includes a gantry conveyor, a U-shaped frame, and a discharge chute. The U-shaped frame is installed on the gantry conveyor with its opening facing downwards. The gantry conveyor drives the U-shaped frame to move vertically and horizontally. Two rotating plates are rotatably installed on the two inner side walls of the U-shaped frame. The hollow cleaning cage is located between the two rotating plates. A rectangular slot is opened at one end of the rotating plate. The cross-sectional shape of the lifting lug is a rectangle that matches the rectangular slot. The lifting lug can slide into the rectangular slot. The discharge chute is installed at an angle, with its high end facing the ultrasonic cleaning box.

[0005] Furthermore, a drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the top of the U-shaped frame, and driven shafts are rotatably mounted on both outer side walls of the U-shaped frame. The driven shafts are vertically arranged, and a flipping shaft is fixed to the flipping plate. The flipping shaft is rotatably connected to the U-shaped frame, and a first bevel gear is connected to the flipping shaft. A second bevel gear and a third bevel gear are respectively connected to the two ends of the driven shaft, and a fourth bevel gear is connected to both ends of the drive shaft. The second bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear, and the third bevel gear meshes with the fourth bevel gear. A motor is mounted on the top of the U-shaped frame, and a drive gear is connected to the output shaft of the motor. A driven gear is mounted on the drive shaft, and the drive gear meshes with the driven gear.

[0006] Furthermore, the gantry conveyor includes fixed beams and sliding beams. Two fixed beams are arranged in parallel, and the sliding beam is arranged between the two fixed beams. The two ends of the sliding beam are slidably arranged on the two fixed beams respectively. A lifting rod is slidably passed through the sliding beam, and the bottom of the lifting rod is connected to a U-shaped frame.

[0007] Furthermore, a lead screw is rotatably mounted on the top of the fixed beam, a lead screw slider is threaded onto the lead screw, a lead screw motor is mounted on the fixed beam, the output shaft of the lead screw motor is connected to the lead screw slider, and the sliding beam is mounted on the lead screw slider.

[0008] Furthermore, the sliding beam has a through hole extending along its height direction, the lifting rod passes through the through hole, a T-shaped slide rail is vertically fixed to the inner side wall of the through hole, a T-shaped slide groove is extending through the side wall of the lifting rod along its height direction, the T-shaped slide rail slides and adapts to the T-shaped slide groove, a drive motor is installed on the top of the sliding beam, the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to a lifting gear, a rack is vertically fixed on the lifting rod, and the rack meshes with the lifting gear.

[0009] Furthermore, a mechanical limiting mechanism is installed on the top of the sliding beam. The mechanical limiting mechanism includes a limiting base plate, a ratchet shaft, and a pawl. The ratchet shaft is rotatably mounted on the limiting base plate. A limiting gear and a ratchet are installed on the ratchet shaft. A limiting rack is vertically fixed to the side wall of the lifting rod. The limiting rack meshes with the limiting gear. One end of the pawl is rotatably mounted on the limiting base plate, and the other end is adapted to the tooth groove of the ratchet. A pawl spring is provided on the limiting base plate, and the pawl spring contacts the pawl.

[0010] Furthermore, the mechanical limiting mechanism also includes a limiting cylinder, the telescopic shaft of which is connected to the limiting base plate. Under the action of the limiting cylinder, the limiting gear can disengage from the limiting rack.

[0011] Furthermore, an adjustment block is fixed on the top surface of the ultrasonic cleaning box at the position where the lifting lug is set. An adjustment slot is opened on the top of the adjustment block. The width of the adjustment slot gradually decreases from top to bottom. The lifting lug is located at the bottom of the adjustment slot.

[0012] Furthermore, a partition is fixed inside the ultrasonic cleaning box, which divides the ultrasonic cleaning box into a cleaning chamber and a filtering chamber from top to bottom. The hollow cleaning cage is located in the cleaning chamber for cleaning operations. A filter plate is installed in the filtering chamber. A drain pipe is connected to the partition. A sewage pipe is connected to the bottom of the ultrasonic cleaning box. The sewage pipe is connected to the filtering chamber. Solenoid valves are installed on both the sewage pipe and the drain pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, a circulation pump is installed on the side wall of the ultrasonic cleaning chamber. The inlet of the circulation pump is connected to the filter chamber through a first pipe, and the outlet of the circulation pump is connected to the cleaning chamber through a second pipe.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention achieves batch loading and transfer of scrap metal through the coordinated design of the hollow cleaning cage, the feeding chute, and the unloading mechanism. Scrap metal can be directly and in batches fed into the hollow cleaning cage through the inclined feeding chute, which greatly improves the feeding efficiency of scrap metal. During unloading, the hollow cleaning cage is lifted by the unloading mechanism and tilted to an inclined state, so that the metal in the hollow cleaning cage can fall in batches onto the unloading chute. This completely solves the efficiency bottleneck of the robotic arm's "one-by-one loading and unloading" and perfectly adapts to the batch processing needs of large-scale recycling.

[0015] 2. The entire process of loading, cleaning, and unloading requires no manual intervention, which eliminates the safety hazards of operators coming into contact with chemical cleaning agents and reduces the probability of cross-contamination to below 0.5%, realizing automated and standardized closed-loop operation of waste metal cleaning.

[0016] 3. The mechanical limit mechanism at the top of the sliding beam, through a ratchet-pawl one-way locking structure, can immediately lock the lifting state of the lifting rod in case of drive motor failure or load fluctuation, preventing the hollow cleaning cage from falling accidentally. This ensures safety in emergency situations without affecting the flexibility of normal operation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the loading and unloading of an automatic loading and unloading device for cleaning scrap metal according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the gantry conveyor frame in an automatic loading and unloading device for cleaning scrap metal according to the present invention. Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the ultrasonic cleaning tank in an automatic loading and unloading device for cleaning scrap metal according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed beam in an automatic loading and unloading device for cleaning scrap metal according to the present invention. In the diagram, 1-ultrasonic cleaning box, 2-perforated cleaning cage, 3-lifting lug, 4-feeding chute, 5-gantry conveyor, 6-U-shaped frame, 7-discharge chute, 8-tilting plate, 9-rectangular slot, 10-drive spindle, 11-driven shaft, 12-tilting shaft, 13-first bevel gear, 14-second bevel gear, 15-third bevel gear, 16-motor, 17-drive gear, 18-driven gear, 19-fixed beam, 20-sliding beam, 21-lifting rod, 22-lead screw, 23-lead screw slider, 24-drive motor, 25-lifting gear, 26-rack, 27-limiting base plate 28-Ratchet shaft, 29-Pawl, 30-Limit gear, 31-Ratchet, 32-Limit rack, 33-Pawl spring, 35-Adjusting block, 36-Adjusting slot, 37-Baffle, 38-Cleaning chamber, 39-Filter chamber, 40-Filter plate, 41-Drain pipe, 42-Sewage pipe, 43-Circulating pump, 44-First pipe, 45-Second pipe, 46-Rectangular frame, 47-Pull wire, 48-Winding shaft, 49-Winding motor, 50-Fourth bevel gear. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 5As shown, an automatic loading and unloading device for cleaning scrap metal includes an ultrasonic cleaning tank 1, a perforated cleaning cage 2, a unloading mechanism, and a loading chute 4. An ultrasonic generator is installed on the ultrasonic cleaning tank 1, and the ultrasonic generator is connected to a transducer. The perforated cleaning cage 2 is placed inside the ultrasonic cleaning tank 1. Lifting lugs 3 are fixed to both sides of the perforated cleaning cage 2, and the lifting lugs 3 are positioned in contact with the top surface of the ultrasonic cleaning tank 1. The loading chute 4 is installed at an angle, with its lower end facing the perforated cleaning cage. 2. The unloading mechanism includes a gantry conveyor frame 5, a U-shaped frame 6, and an unloading chute 7. The U-shaped frame 6 is installed on the gantry conveyor frame 5 with its opening facing downwards. The gantry conveyor frame 5 drives the U-shaped frame 6 to move vertically and horizontally. Two rotating plates 8 are rotatably installed on the two inner side walls of the U-shaped frame 6. The perforated cleaning cage 2 is located between the two rotating plates 8. A rectangular slot 9 is opened at one end of each rotating plate 8. The lifting lug 3 has a rectangular cross-section that matches the rectangular slot 9, allowing it to slide into the rectangular slot 9. Inside, the unloading chute 7 is installed at an angle, with its high end facing the ultrasonic cleaning box 1. The loading chute 4 is connected to the previous workstation via a conveyor belt. The scrap metal processed in the previous workstation enters the loading chute 4 via the conveyor belt and falls into the hollow cleaning cage 2. This allows for the automatic batch loading of scrap metal into the hollow cleaning cage 2. The scrap metal is then ultrasonically cleaned using an ultrasonic generator and transducer. Ultrasonic cleaning is an existing technology, and its specific structure and working principle will not be elaborated here. After cleaning, the gantry conveyor 5 drives the U-shaped frame 6 to correspond to the hollow cleaning cage 2. The hollow cleaning cage 2 is clamped by two flip plates 8 and lifted by the gantry conveyor 5, so that the hollow cleaning cage 2 corresponds to the unloading chute 7. Then, the flip plates 8 drive the hollow cleaning cage 2 to deflect into an inclined state, causing the scrap metal inside to fall onto the unloading chute 7. A conveyor belt is arranged at the lower end of the unloading chute 7, thereby transporting the cleaned scrap metal to the next workstation for further processing. It completely solves the efficiency bottleneck of "one-by-one loading and unloading" of robotic arms and perfectly adapts to the batch processing needs of large-scale recycling.

[0019] Example 2 Based on Example 1, such as Figures 1 to 4As shown, a partition 37 is fixed inside the ultrasonic cleaning chamber 1, dividing it from top to bottom into a cleaning chamber 38 and a filter chamber 39. A perforated cleaning cage 2 is located inside the cleaning chamber 38 for cleaning operations. A filter plate 40 is installed inside the filter chamber 39. A drain pipe 41 is connected to the partition 37. A sewage pipe 42 is connected to the bottom of the ultrasonic cleaning chamber 1, connecting to the filter chamber 39. Both the sewage pipe 42 and the drain pipe 41 are equipped with solenoid valves. A circulation pump 43 is installed on the side wall of the ultrasonic cleaning chamber 1, with its inlet connected to the first pipe. The water outlet of the circulation pump 43 is connected to the filter chamber 39 via the second pipe 45. After completing one cleaning operation, the water in the cleaning chamber 38 is drained into the filter chamber 39 through the drain pipe 41. The water is filtered by the filter plate 40 to remove impurities. The filtered cleaning solution is then introduced into the cleaning chamber 38 through the circulation pump 43, so that the cleaning solution can be reused, reducing costs. After the cleaning solution has been reused for a period of time, it is discharged to a designated location through the drain pipe 42, and new cleaning solution is added to the cleaning chamber 38 for cleaning operation.

[0020] Example 3 Based on Example 2, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, a rectangular frame 46 is fixed inside the filter chamber 39, and a filter plate 40 is arranged below the rectangular frame 46. One end of the filter plate 40 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the rectangular frame 46, and the other end is connected to a pull wire 47. The pull wire 47 moves through the rectangular frame 46 and the ultrasonic cleaning chamber 1. A winding shaft 48 is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the ultrasonic cleaning chamber 1, and the pull wire 47 is wound on the winding shaft 48. A winding motor 49 is installed on the side wall of the ultrasonic cleaning chamber 1, and the output shaft of the winding motor 49 is driven by the winding shaft 48. When the filter plate 40 is in the working state, the winding shaft 48 winds up the pull wire 47, so that the filter plate 40... The other end of 0 rests against the bottom of the rectangular frame 46. When waste cleaning liquid needs to be discharged, impurities on the filter plate 40 are also discharged. At this time, the wound motor 49 drives the wound shaft 48 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the wound shaft 48 to release the pull wire 47, causing the filter plate 40 to deflect downward under its own weight and the weight of the impurities, so that the impurities on the filter plate 40 can be discharged through the drain pipe 42. At the same time, the drain pipe 41 discharges waste cleaning liquid. The waste cleaning liquid can wash the filter plate 40, making the impurity discharge effect better and avoiding excessive impurities remaining on the filter plate 40. At the same time, the waste cleaning liquid can also carry impurities and be discharged through the drain pipe 42.

[0021] Example 4 Based on Example 3, such as Figures 1 to 5As shown, a drive shaft 10 is rotatably mounted on the top of the U-shaped frame 6. Driven shafts 11 are rotatably mounted on both outer walls of the U-shaped frame 6, with the driven shafts 11 arranged vertically. A tilting plate 8 is fixed with a tilting shaft 12, which is rotatably connected to the U-shaped frame 6. The tilting shaft 12 is connected to a first bevel gear 13. A second bevel gear 14 and a third bevel gear 15 are connected to the two ends of the driven shaft 11, respectively. A fourth bevel gear 50 is connected to both ends of the drive shaft 10. The second bevel gear 14 meshes with the first bevel gear 13, and the third bevel gear 15 meshes with the fourth bevel gear 50. A motor 16 is mounted on the top of the U-shaped frame 6. The output shaft of the motor 16 is connected to a drive gear 17. A driven gear 18 is mounted on the drive shaft 10, with the drive gear 17 meshing with the driven gear 18. When scrap metal needs to be unloaded, the gantry conveyor 5 tilts the frame. The rectangular slot 9 of plate 8 corresponds to the lifting lug 3. Then, the U-shaped frame 6 drives the flipping plate 8 to move closer to the lifting lug 3, so that the lifting lug 3 moves into the rectangular slot 9. Since the lifting lug 3 and the rectangular slot 9 are rectangular surfaces, the lifting lug 3 cannot deflect within the rectangular slot 9. The motor 16 drives the drive shaft 10 to rotate through the meshing of the drive gear 17 and the driven gear 18. The drive shaft 10 drives the driven shaft 11 to rotate through the meshing of the third bevel gear 15 and the fourth bevel gear 50. The driven shaft 11 drives the flipping shaft 12 to rotate through the meshing of the first bevel gear 13 and the second bevel gear 14. Thus, the drive shaft 10 can synchronously drive the two flipping shafts 12 to deflect, so that the flipping plate 8 drives the hollow cleaning cage 2 to deflect to the cleaning state, so that the metal in the hollow cleaning cage 2 can be unloaded in one go, which greatly improves the loading and unloading efficiency of scrap metal. After the material is unloaded, the motor 16 rotates in the opposite direction, causing the flip plate 8 to reset the hollow cleaning cage 2, and then put the hollow cleaning cage 2 back into the ultrasonic cleaning box 1 for the next batch of scrap metal cleaning operation.

[0022] Example 5 Based on Example 4, such as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, an adjusting block 35 is fixed on the top surface of the ultrasonic cleaning box 1 at the position where the lifting lug 3 is set. The top of the adjusting block 35 has an adjusting slot 36, the width of which gradually decreases from top to bottom. The lifting lug 3 is located at the bottom of the adjusting slot 36. The position of the hollow cleaning cage 2 can be adjusted through the adjusting slot 36 so that the lifting lug 3 can be accurately positioned on the moving path of the rectangular slot 9, allowing the lifting lug 3 to smoothly pass into the rectangular slot 9. After the unloading is completed, the lifting lug 3 of the hollow cleaning cage 2 is put back into the adjusting slot 36. Even if the gantry conveyor 5 is in the conveying error, the position of the lifting lug 3 can be finely adjusted under the action of the adjusting slot 36. In addition, the adjusting block 35 can also limit the lifting lug 3, ensuring that the impact of the falling scrap metal during loading will not cause the hollow cleaning cage 2 to shift, making the entire loading and unloading process more accurate.

[0023] Example 6 Based on Example 5, such as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the gantry conveyor frame 5 includes fixed beams 19 and sliding beams 20. Two fixed beams 19 are arranged in parallel, and the sliding beam 20 is arranged between the two fixed beams 19. The two ends of the sliding beam 20 are respectively slidably arranged on the two fixed beams 19. The sliding beam 20 is slidably connected to the lifting rod 21. The bottom of the lifting rod 21 is connected to the U-shaped frame 6. The top of the fixed beam 19 is rotatably mounted with a lead screw 22. A lead screw slider 23 is threaded onto the lead screw 22. A lead screw motor is installed on the fixed beam 19. The output shaft of the lead screw motor is connected to the lead screw slider 23. The sliding beam 20 is installed on the lead screw slider 23. The lead screw motor drives the lead screw 22 to rotate, so that the lead screw slider 23 drives the sliding beam 20 to move linearly along the axial direction of the lead screw 22, so that the U-shaped frame 6 can move between the unloading slide 7 and the ultrasonic cleaning box 1. A sliding beam 20 has a through hole extending along its height. A lifting rod 21 passes through the through hole. A T-shaped slide rail is vertically fixed to the inner wall of the through hole. A T-shaped slide groove is formed along the side wall of the lifting rod 21 along its height. The T-shaped slide rail slides into the T-shaped slide groove. A drive motor 24 is mounted on the top of the sliding beam 20. The output shaft of the drive motor 24 is connected to a lifting gear 25. A rack 26 is vertically fixed on the lifting rod 21. The rack 26 meshes with the lifting gear 25. The drive motor 24 drives the lifting gear 25 to rotate. The meshing of the 5 and the rack 26 drives the lifting rod 21 to move up and down. The lifting rod 21 drives the U-shaped frame 6 to move up and down. Thus, the lifting lug 3 is moved into the rectangular slot 9 of the flip plate 8 by the movement of the sliding beam 20. Then, the hollow cleaning cage 2 is lifted by the movement of the lifting rod 21, so that the hollow cleaning cage 2 is separated from the ultrasonic cleaning box 1. Then, the hollow cleaning cage 2 is transported to the top of the unloading slide 7 by the sliding beam 20. Then, the hollow cleaning cage 2 is tilted by the deflection of the flip plate 8 to complete the unloading. Finally, the gantry conveyor 5 drives the hollow cleaning cage 2 to reset.

[0024] Example 7 Based on Example 6, such as Figures 1 to 3As shown, a mechanical limiting mechanism is installed on the top of the sliding beam 20. The mechanical limiting mechanism includes a limiting base plate 27, a ratchet shaft 28, and a pawl 29. The ratchet shaft 28 is rotatably mounted on the limiting base plate 27. A limiting gear 30 and a ratchet 31 are mounted on the ratchet shaft 28. A limiting rack 32 is vertically fixed to the side wall of the lifting rod 21. The limiting rack 32 meshes with the limiting gear 30. One end of the pawl 29 is rotatably mounted on the limiting base plate 27, and the other end is adapted to the tooth groove of the ratchet 31. A pawl spring 33 is provided on the limiting base plate 27. The pawl spring 33 contacts the pawl 29. The mechanical limiting mechanism also includes a limiting cylinder. The telescopic shaft of the limiting cylinder is connected to the limiting base plate 27. Under the action of the limiting cylinder, the limiting mechanism is limited. Gear 30 can disengage from the limiting rack 32. The meshing of ratchet 31 and pawl 29 restricts the downward movement freedom of lifting rod 21, allowing it to move only upward in one direction. When it is necessary for lifting rod 21 to move downward, the limiting cylinder drives the limiting plate 27 to move, causing the limiting gear 30 to disengage from the limiting rack 32, allowing lifting rod 21 to move downward. Once in position, the limiting cylinder drives the limiting plate 27 to reset, causing the limiting gear 30 to re-mesh the limiting rack 32, thus achieving mechanical locking. This can immediately lock the lifting rod's lifting state in case of drive motor failure or load fluctuation, preventing the hollow cleaning cage from accidentally falling. This ensures safety in emergency situations without affecting the flexibility of normal operation.

Claims

1. An automatic loading and unloading device for cleaning scrap metal, characterized in that, The system includes an ultrasonic cleaning chamber (1), a perforated cleaning cage (2), a feeding mechanism, and a feeding chute (4). An ultrasonic generator is installed on the ultrasonic cleaning chamber (1), and the ultrasonic generator is connected to a transducer. The perforated cleaning cage (2) is placed inside the ultrasonic cleaning chamber (1). Lifting lugs (3) are fixed to both sides of the perforated cleaning cage (2), and the lifting lugs (3) are positioned in contact with the top surface of the ultrasonic cleaning chamber (1). The feeding chute (4) is installed at an angle, with its lower end facing the perforated cleaning cage (2). The feeding mechanism includes a gantry conveyor (5), a U-shaped frame (6), and a feeding chute (7). The frame (6) is installed on the gantry conveyor frame (5). The opening of the U-shaped frame (6) faces downward. The gantry conveyor frame (5) drives the U-shaped frame (6) to move in the vertical and horizontal directions. The two inner side walls of the U-shaped frame (6) are rotatably provided with flip plates (8). The hollow cleaning cage (2) is located between the two flip plates (8). One end of the flip plate (8) is provided with a rectangular slot (9). The cross-sectional shape of the lifting lug (3) is a rectangle that matches the rectangular slot (9). The lifting lug (3) can slide into the rectangular slot (9). The unloading slide (7) is installed at an angle, and the high end of the unloading slide (7) faces the ultrasonic cleaning box (1).

2. The automatic loading and unloading device for cleaning scrap metal according to claim 1, characterized in that, A drive shaft (10) is rotatably mounted on the top of the U-shaped frame (6). A driven shaft (11) is rotatably mounted on both outer walls of the U-shaped frame (6). The driven shaft (11) is vertically arranged. A flipping shaft (12) is fixed on the flipping plate (8). The flipping shaft (12) is rotatably connected to the U-shaped frame (6). A first bevel gear (13) is connected to the flipping shaft (12). A second bevel gear (14) and a third bevel gear (15) are connected to both ends of the driven shaft (11). A fourth bevel gear (50) is connected to both ends of the drive shaft (10). The second bevel gear (14) meshes with the first bevel gear (13). The third bevel gear (15) meshes with the fourth bevel gear (50). A motor (16) is mounted on the top of the U-shaped frame (6). A drive gear (17) is connected to the output shaft of the motor (16). A driven gear (18) is mounted on the drive shaft (10). The drive gear (17) meshes with the driven gear (18).

3. The automatic loading and unloading device for cleaning scrap metal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gantry conveyor (5) includes a fixed beam (19) and a sliding beam (20). There are two fixed beams (19) arranged in parallel. The sliding beam (20) is arranged between the two fixed beams (19). The two ends of the sliding beam (20) are respectively slidably arranged on the two fixed beams (19). The sliding beam (20) is slidably connected to a lifting rod (21). The bottom of the lifting rod (21) is connected to a U-shaped frame (6).

4. An automatic loading and unloading device for cleaning scrap metal according to claim 3, characterized in that, A lead screw (22) is rotatably mounted on the top of the fixed beam (19). A lead screw slider (23) is threaded onto the lead screw (22). A lead screw motor is mounted on the fixed beam (19). The output shaft of the lead screw motor is connected to the lead screw slider (23). The sliding beam (20) is mounted on the lead screw slider (23).

5. An automatic loading and unloading device for cleaning scrap metal according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sliding beam (20) has a through hole along its height direction. The lifting rod (21) passes through the through hole. A T-shaped slide rail is vertically fixed to the inner side wall of the through hole. A T-shaped slide groove is formed through the side wall of the lifting rod (21) along its height direction. The T-shaped slide rail slides and adapts to the T-shaped slide groove. A drive motor (24) is installed on the top of the sliding beam (20). The output shaft of the drive motor (24) is connected to a lifting gear (25). A rack (26) is vertically fixed on the lifting rod (21). The rack (26) meshes with the lifting gear (25).

6. An automatic loading and unloading device for cleaning scrap metal according to claim 5, characterized in that, A mechanical limiting mechanism is installed on the top of the sliding beam (20). The mechanical limiting mechanism includes a limiting base plate (27), a ratchet shaft (28), and a pawl (29). The ratchet shaft (28) is rotatably mounted on the limiting base plate (27). A limiting gear (30) and a ratchet (31) are installed on the ratchet shaft (28). A limiting rack (32) is vertically fixed to the side wall of the lifting rod (21). The limiting rack (32) meshes with the limiting gear (30). One end of the pawl (29) is rotatably mounted on the limiting base plate (27), and the other end is adapted to the tooth groove of the ratchet (31). A pawl spring (33) is provided on the limiting base plate (27), and the pawl spring (33) contacts the pawl (29).

7. An automatic loading and unloading device for cleaning scrap metal according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mechanical limiting mechanism also includes a limiting cylinder, the telescopic shaft of which is connected to the limiting base plate (27). Under the action of the limiting cylinder, the limiting gear (30) can disengage from the limiting rack (32).

8. An automatic loading and unloading device for cleaning scrap metal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface of the ultrasonic cleaning box (1) is fixed with an adjustment block (35) at the position where the lifting lug (3) is set. The top of the adjustment block (35) is provided with an adjustment slot (36). The width of the adjustment slot (36) gradually decreases from top to bottom. The lifting lug (3) is located at the bottom of the adjustment slot (36).

9. An automatic loading and unloading device for cleaning scrap metal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic cleaning box (1) is fixed with a partition (37), which divides the ultrasonic cleaning box (1) into a cleaning chamber (38) and a filter chamber (39) from top to bottom. The hollow cleaning cage (2) is located in the cleaning chamber (38) for cleaning operations. The filter chamber (39) is equipped with a filter plate (40). A drain pipe (41) is connected to the partition (37). A sewage pipe (42) is connected to the bottom of the ultrasonic cleaning box (1). The sewage pipe (42) is connected to the filter chamber (39). Electromagnetic valves are installed on both the sewage pipe (42) and the drain pipe (41).

10. An automatic loading and unloading device for cleaning scrap metal according to claim 9, characterized in that, The ultrasonic cleaning box (1) is equipped with a circulation pump (43) on its side wall. The inlet of the circulation pump (43) is connected to the filter chamber (39) through the first pipe (44), and the outlet of the circulation pump (43) is connected to the cleaning chamber (38) through the second pipe (45).

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