A modular intelligent machining tool for metal parts

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of machine tools, and more particularly to a combined intelligent machining tool for metal parts, comprising a bed, a sliding door, a milling cutter and a drill connected to the bed, and a workpiece table connected to the bed; the bed is slidably connected to the sliding door; the bed is connected to the drill; the bed is connected to the workpiece table; it also includes cooling pipes, etc.; the bed is fixedly connected to two guide rails; each guide rail is fixedly connected to two cooling pipes; each guide rail has a plastic coating layer bonded to its upper side; the two guide rails are slidably connected to an electric slide. In the event of an emergency stop, the oil pressure in the oil chamber suddenly increases until it reaches the threshold of the pressure valve, at which point the pressure valve opens, allowing the high-pressure oil in the oil chamber to enter the buffer chamber through the pressure valve, increasing the contact area between the high-pressure oil and the plastic coating layer, thereby dispersing the pressure of the oil on the plastic coating layer and preventing the plastic coating layer from being crushed under instantaneous oil pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tools, and more particularly to a modular intelligent machining tool for metal parts. Background Technology

[0002] When metal parts are processed in a complex manner, a combination machine tool is required to mill and drill the workpiece. The hardened guide rail is directly integrated with the machine tool bed and has the characteristics of high load-bearing capacity. The hardened rail is usually bonded with a plastic coating to reduce friction. During the processing, the moving parts need to move back and forth on the guide rail, which causes a large amount of heat to accumulate at the guide rail. The high temperature can cause the guide rail to deform, affecting the transmission accuracy and thus the machining accuracy of the CNC machine tool. Furthermore, when the moving parts need to stop suddenly, the sudden braking of the moving parts causes huge instantaneous impact loads on the plastic coating on the guide rail. The plastic coating is subjected to extremely high pressure locally, which can cause plastic deformation, indentation or micro-cracks in the plastic coating, especially under high speed and heavy load conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the drawback that when a moving part needs to stop suddenly, the sudden braking of the moving part causes a huge instantaneous impact load on the plastic coating layer on the guide rail, which can lead to plastic deformation, indentation or micro-cracks in the plastic coating layer, this invention provides a combined intelligent machining tool for metal parts.

[0004] The technical implementation of this invention is as follows: A combined intelligent machining tool for metal parts includes a bed, a sliding door, a milling cutter and a drill connected to the bed, and a workpiece table connected to the bed; the bed is slidably connected to the sliding door; the bed is connected to the drill; the bed is connected to the workpiece table; it also includes cooling pipes; the bed is fixedly connected to two guide rails; each guide rail is fixedly connected to two cooling pipes; each guide rail has a plastic coating layer adhered to its upper side; the two guide rails are slidably connected to an electric slide; each electric slide is connected to a connecting plate, and the connecting plate is slidably connected to the corresponding guide rail; each electric slide is fixedly connected to two rubber plates, and the guide rails, plastic coating layer, electric slide, connecting plate and rubber plates together form a relatively sealed oil cavity; each electric slide is connected to an oil inlet pipe communicating with the oil cavity; each connecting plate is fixedly connected to an oil outlet pipe, and the oil outlet pipe is communicating with the oil cavity; each rubber plate is connected to a buffer assembly for buffering the high-pressure oil in the oil cavity, and the buffer assembly is connected to the guide rail.

[0005] Furthermore, the buffer assembly includes pressure valves; each rubber plate is fixedly connected to several pressure valves, and the pressure valves are connected to the oil chamber; each rubber plate is fixedly connected to a slide plate, and the slide plate is slidably connected to the guide rail; each slide plate has a buffer chamber; each slide plate is fixedly connected to several spring bodies I; all spring bodies I located on the same slide plate are jointly fixedly connected to a rectangular plate, and the rectangular plate slides within the buffer chamber; each rubber plate is fixedly connected to several one-way valves, and the one-way valves are connected to the oil chamber.

[0006] Furthermore, it also includes a rubber pad; the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the rubber pad, and the rubber pad is fixedly connected to the electric slide.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a conveyor plate; each electric slide is fixedly connected to a conveyor plate located directly above the corresponding plastic coating layer, and each conveyor plate has several oil holes.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes jet pipes; each skateboard has two jet pipes fixed to the guide rails and the plastic coating.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes round rods; each electric slide is connected to several round rods; the fixed plate is provided with several scale lines, and the number and position of the scale lines correspond to the round rods.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes cleaning plates; each electric slide is fixed with two cleaning plates made of elastic material, and the cleaning plates are bent upwards.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes spring rods; each round rod has several spring rods fixed to its end.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes counterweights; the round rods are slidably connected to the electric slide block; each round rod is fixedly connected to two counterweights; each round rod is fixedly connected to a pull rope; and the pull ropes are fixedly connected to the corresponding rectangular plates.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a tension sensor; each electric slide is fixedly connected to a tension sensor; each tension sensor is fixedly connected to a spring body II, and the spring body II is fixedly connected to the corresponding fixed plate.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: When the oil pressure in the oil chamber suddenly increases during an emergency stop, the pressure valve opens after the oil pressure reaches the threshold of the pressure valve. This allows the high-pressure oil in the oil chamber to enter the buffer chamber through the pressure valve, increasing the contact area between the high-pressure oil and the plastic coating layer. This disperses the pressure of the oil on the plastic coating layer and prevents the plastic coating layer from being crushed under instantaneous oil pressure.

[0015] During the interval between workpiece changes after processing, the electric slide is controlled to slide to the other end of the guide rail, so that the electric slide moves the cleaning plate closer to the scale line until the rubber cleaning plate contacts the scale line, thereby causing relative movement between the cleaning plate and the scale line, so that the cleaning plate cleans the debris and impurities adhering to the scale line surface.

[0016] When the end of the round rod moves to contact the fixed plate, the spring rod contacts the fixed plate in advance, causing the spring rod to be compressed, thereby buffering the squeezing force on the end of the round rod and protecting the end of the round rod. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the modular intelligent machining tool for metal parts of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the bed disclosed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the combination of guide rail, plastic coating layer and electric slide disclosed in this invention; Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the combination of guide rail, electric slide block, connecting plate and slide plate disclosed in this invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the electric slide disclosed in this invention; Figure 6 This is a combined cross-sectional view of the guide rail, plastic coating layer, electric slide, and connecting plate disclosed in this invention. Figure 7 This is a partial structural diagram of the combination of the connecting plate, rubber plate, pressure valve, and sliding plate disclosed in this invention. Figure 8 This is a combined cross-sectional view of the combined partial electric slide, connecting plate, and sliding plate disclosed in this invention; Figure 9 This is a partial structural diagram of the combination of the round rod, scale line, cleaning plate, spring rod, counterweight, and pull rope disclosed in this invention.

[0018] Reference numerals: 1-Bed, 2-Sliding door, 3-Milling cutter, 4-Drill bit, 5-Workpiece table, 6-Cooling pipe, 101-Guide rail, 102-Plastic coating layer, 103-Electric slide, 104-Connecting plate, 105-Oil inlet pipe, 106-Oil outlet pipe, 107-Rubber plate, 108-Pressure valve, 109-Slide plate, 1010-Spring body I, 1011-Rectangular plate, 1012-One-way valve, 1013-Rubber pad, 1014-Conveying plate, 201-Air jet pipe, 202-Round rod, 203-Scale line, 204-Cleaning plate, 205-Spring rod, 206-Counterweight, 207-Pull rope, 208-Tension sensor, 209-Spring body II, 2010-Fixing plate, 11-Oil chamber, 41-Oil hole, 91-Buffer chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Example 1: A modular intelligent machining tool for metal parts, such as... Figures 1-9 As shown, it includes a bed 1, a sliding door 2, a drill bit 4, and a workpiece table 5 connected to the bed 1; the bed 1 is slidably connected to the sliding door 2; the bed 1 is connected to a milling cutter 3; the bed 1 is connected to the drill bit 4; and the bed 1 is connected to the workpiece table 5. It also includes cooling pipes 6, guide rails 101, plastic-coated layers 102, electric slides 103, connecting plates 104, oil inlet pipes 105, oil outlet pipes 106, rubber plates 107, and buffer components; the bed body 1 is fixedly connected to two guide rails 101; each guide rail 101 is fixedly connected to two cooling pipes 6; each guide rail 101 has a plastic-coated layer 102 bonded to its upper side; the two guide rails 101 are slidably connected to an electric slide 103; each electric slide 103 is connected to a connecting plate 104, and the connecting plate 104 is slidably connected to the corresponding guide rail 101; each Each electric slide 103 is fixedly connected to two rubber plates 107, and the guide rail 101, plastic layer 102, electric slide 103, connecting plate 104 and rubber plates 107 together form a relatively sealed oil cavity 11; each electric slide 103 is connected to an oil inlet pipe 105, and the oil inlet pipe 105 communicates with the oil cavity 11; each connecting plate 104 is fixedly connected to an oil outlet pipe 106, and the oil outlet pipe 106 communicates with the oil cavity 11; each rubber plate 107 is connected to a buffer assembly, and the buffer assembly is connected to the guide rail 101.

[0021] The buffer assembly includes a pressure valve 108, a slide plate 109, a spring body I 1010, a rectangular plate 1011, and a one-way valve 1012. Each rubber plate 107 is fixedly connected to two pressure valves 108, and the pressure valves 108 are connected to the oil chamber 11. Each rubber plate 107 is fixedly connected to a slide plate 109, and the slide plate 109 is slidably connected to the guide rail 101. Each slide plate 109 has a buffer chamber 91. Each slide plate 109 is fixedly connected to several spring bodies I 1010. All spring bodies I 1010 located on the same slide plate 109 are jointly fixedly connected to a rectangular plate 1011, and the rectangular plate 1011 slides within the buffer chamber 91. Each rubber plate 107 is fixedly connected to two one-way valves 1012, and the one-way valves 1012 are connected to the oil chamber 11.

[0022] It also includes a rubber pad 1013; the connecting plate 104 is fixedly connected to the rubber pad 1013, and the rubber pad 1013 is fixedly connected to the electric slide 103.

[0023] It also includes a conveyor plate 1014; each electric slide 103 is fixedly connected to a conveyor plate 1014, and the conveyor plate 1014 is located directly above the corresponding plastic coating layer 102. Each conveyor plate 1014 has a number of oil holes 41.

[0024] In use, connect the oil pump outlet to the oil inlet pipe 105 and the oil pump return port to the oil outlet pipe 106. Connect the external cooling mechanism to the cooling pipe 6. Then, control the oil pump to deliver high-pressure lubricating oil into the oil chamber 11 through the oil inlet pipe 105 until the high-pressure oil pushes the electric slide 103 upward under oil pressure, creating a gap between the electric slide 103 and the plastic coating layer 102, reducing wear on the guide rail 101 and the plastic coating layer 102. The high-pressure oil in the oil chamber 11 flows out from the oil outlet pipe 106 and first flows through the external cooling mechanism 6. The cooling mechanism cools the oil before it flows back to the oil pump, causing the oil in the oil chamber 11 to circulate and cool. This circulating oil then cools the sliding surfaces between the guide rail 101, the plastic-coated layer 102, and the electric slide block 103. Simultaneously, an external cooling mechanism delivers coolant to the cooling pipe 6, which further cools the guide rail 101. The workpiece is then fixed on the workpiece table 5. First, the milling cutter 3 is controlled to mill the workpiece, followed by the drill bit 4 to drill a hole. During the machining process, the electric... The movable slide 103 drives the workpiece stage 5 and the workpiece to move on the guide rail 101, adjusting the workpiece position in real time. When emergency braking is required, the electric slide 103 is controlled to stop suddenly. During the emergency stop, the electric slide 103 will generate a huge instantaneous impact load on the oil in the oil chamber 11, causing the oil pressure in the oil chamber 11 to suddenly increase. After the oil pressure reaches the threshold of the pressure valve 108, the pressure valve 108 opens, allowing the high-pressure oil in the oil chamber 11 to enter the buffer chamber 91 through the pressure valve 108, increasing the pressure of the high-pressure oil against the plastic coating layer 1. The contact area of ​​02 is increased, thereby dispersing the pressure of the oil on the plastic layer 102 and preventing the plastic layer 102 from being crushed under instantaneous oil pressure. At the same time, after the high-pressure oil enters the buffer chamber 91, it squeezes the rectangular plate 1011, and the spring body I 1010 is compressed, causing the rectangular plate 1011 to move upward and increase the space of the buffer chamber 91, further releasing the oil pressure and improving the buffering effect. The high-pressure oil that enters the buffer chamber 91 then flows back to the oil chamber 11 from the one-way valve 1012 until the oil pressure in the oil chamber 11 and the buffer chamber 91 are balanced.

[0025] Since the guide rail 101 of the hardened rail is directly connected to the machine bed 1, the vibration generated by the machine bed 1 during the machining process will be directly transmitted to the guide rail 101. The guide rail 101 transmits the vibration to the electric slide 103 through the connecting plate 104, which in turn reduces the accuracy of the workpiece during the machining process. To avoid this problem, an elastic rubber pad 1013 is set between the connecting plate 104 and the electric slide 103 to buffer the vibration transmitted from the guide rail 101 to the connecting plate 104, reduce the vibration amplitude transmitted to the electric slide 103, and thus reduce the vibration during the workpiece machining process.

[0026] Considering that the oil injection area is small when the oil enters the oil cavity 11 from the oil inlet pipe 105, the high-pressure oil accumulates downward on the surface of the plastic layer 102, resulting in a large local oil pressure on the surface of the plastic layer 102 in the oil cavity 11. Therefore, by having the high-pressure oil from the oil inlet pipe 105 first enter the conveying plate 1014 and then simultaneously enter the oil cavity 11 from multiple oil holes 41, the oil injection area is increased, and the pressure on the surface of the plastic layer 102 during high-pressure oil injection is reduced.

[0027] Example 2, based on Example 1, such as Figures 7-9 As shown, it also includes a jet pipe 201; each slide 109 is fixed with two jet pipes 201, and the jet pipes 201 are directed toward the guide rail 101 and the plastic coating layer 102.

[0028] It also includes round rods 202, scale lines 203 and fixing plate 2010; each electric slide 103 is connected to two round rods 202; the fixing plate 2010 is provided with a number of scale lines 203, and the number and position of the scale lines 203 correspond to the round rods 202.

[0029] It also includes a cleaning plate 204; each electric slide 103 is fixed with two rubber cleaning plates 204, and the cleaning plates 204 are bent upwards.

[0030] It also includes spring rods 205; each end of each round rod 202 is fixed with two spring rods 205.

[0031] In this embodiment, an external air pump is connected to the jet pipe 201. Since metal debris will fall onto the guide rail 101 and the plastic coating layer 102 during the processing, causing wear, during the interval between changing workpieces after processing, the electric slide 103 is controlled to slide to the other end of the guide rail 101. At the same time, the external air pump is controlled to start, and air is blown onto the surface of the guide rail 101 and the plastic coating layer 102 through the jet pipe 201, thereby blowing away the metal debris remaining on the surface of the guide rail 101 and the plastic coating layer 102.

[0032] Considering that the thickness of the plastic coating 102 will gradually decrease after multiple processing steps, and that the plastic coating 102 will wear down to its limit, causing significant wear to the guide rail 101 and greatly reducing processing accuracy, to solve this problem, during the interval between workpiece changes after processing, the electric slide 103 is controlled to slide to the other end of the guide rail 101, so that the electric slide 103 drives the round rod 202 to move until the round rod 202 contacts the scale line 203. Since the plastic coating 102 becomes thinner, while keeping the amount of oil in the oil cavity 11 constant, the distance between the electric slide 103 and the guide rail 101... The gap will become smaller, causing the electric slide 103 to move downward under its own weight. The electric slide 103 compresses the rubber pad 1013 and stretches the rubber plate 107, causing the rubber plate 107 and the rubber pad 1013 to undergo adaptive deformation. In turn, the electric slide 103 drives the round rod 202 to move downward. The round rod 202 contacts the scale on the scale line 203. At this time, the operator can quickly judge whether the gap between the electric slide 103 and the guide rail 101 is normal according to the scale on the scale line 203, and then judge whether the plastic layer 102 has become thin and needs to be replaced.

[0033] Considering that the scale lines 203 on the fixed plate 2010 may be covered with debris and impurities during processing, making them difficult to see and judge, in order to solve this problem, during the interval between changing workpieces after processing, the electric slide 103 is controlled to slide to the other end of the guide rail 101, so that the electric slide 103 drives the cleaning plate 204 to move closer to the scale lines 203 until the rubber cleaning plate 204 contacts the scale lines 203, thereby causing relative movement between the cleaning plate 204 and the scale lines 203, so that the cleaning plate 204 cleans the debris and impurities adhering to the surface of the scale lines 203.

[0034] Considering that when the electric slide 103 moves the round rod 202, the end of the round rod 202 will exert a compressive force on the fixed plate 2010 when it contacts the scale line 203 on the fixed plate 2010. Under long-term compression, the end of the round rod 202 will become blunt, making it difficult to identify the position of the end of the round rod 202 on the scale line 203. To solve this problem, when the end of the round rod 202 moves to contact the fixed plate 2010, the spring rod 205 contacts the fixed plate 2010 in advance, so that the spring rod 205 is compressed, thereby buffering the compressive force on the end of the round rod 202 and protecting the end of the round rod 202.

[0035] Example 2, based on Example 1, such as Figure 4 and Figures 7-9As shown, it also includes a counterweight 206 and a pull rope 207; the round rod 202 is slidably connected to the electric slide 103; each round rod 202 is fixedly connected to two counterweights 206; each round rod 202 is fixedly connected to a pull rope 207; and the pull rope 207 is fixedly connected to the corresponding rectangular plate 1011.

[0036] It also includes a tension sensor 208 and a spring body II 209; each electric slide 103 is fixedly connected to a tension sensor 208; each tension sensor 208 is fixedly connected to a spring body II 209, and the spring body II 209 is fixedly connected to the corresponding fixing plate 2010.

[0037] When the electric slide 103 is stopped suddenly, the electric slide 103 stops instantly. At this time, the round rod 202 and the counterweight 206 continue to slide inside the electric slide 103 under the action of inertia, so that the round rod 202 pulls the pull rope 207 upward, so that the pull rope 207 pulls the rectangular plate 1011 to move upward in advance, thereby increasing the space of the buffer cavity 91, providing a larger buffer space for the high-pressure oil, further reducing the pressure of the oil, and thus reducing the pressure exerted by the oil on the plastic coating layer 102.

[0038] It is also considered that during the processing, the wear of the plastic layer 102 is not always uniform and thins out. Local wear is inevitable. When the electric slide 103 moves on the surface of the guide rail 101 and the plastic layer 102, the electric slide 103 stretches the spring body II 209. The tension sensor 208 detects that the tension of the spring body II 209 increases uniformly and linearly. However, when the plastic layer 102 experiences local wear, the electric slide 103 experiences a significant increase in resistance or a "sticky" feeling in a certain stroke. At this time, when the electric slide 103 moves on the surface of the guide rail 101 and the plastic layer 102, the electric slide 103 stretches the spring body II 209. The tension sensor 208 detects that the tension of the spring body II 209 is uneven, indicating local dry friction between the electric slide 103 and the plastic layer 102 or bulging / peeling of the plastic layer 102. This reminds the operator to check the plastic layer 102 at the corresponding stroke position in time.

[0039] It should be understood that this embodiment is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A modular intelligent machining tool for metal parts, comprising a bed (1), a sliding door (2), a milling cutter (3) connected to the bed (1), a drill bit (4), and a workpiece table (5) connected to the bed (1); the bed (1) is slidably connected to the sliding door (2); the bed (1) is connected to the drill bit (4); the bed (1) is connected to the workpiece table (5); characterized in that: It also includes cooling pipes (6); the bed body (1) is fixedly connected to two guide rails (101); each guide rail (101) is fixedly connected to two cooling pipes (6); each guide rail (101) has a plastic coating layer (102) bonded to its upper side; the two guide rails (101) are slidably connected to an electric slide (103); each electric slide (103) is connected to a connecting plate (104), and the connecting plate (104) is slidably connected to the corresponding guide rail (101); each electric slide (103) is fixedly connected to two rubber plates (107), and the guide rails (101) and the plastic coating layer are slidably connected to the guide rail (101). (102), electric slide (103), connecting plate (104) and rubber plate (107) together form a relatively closed oil cavity (11); each electric slide (103) is connected to an oil inlet pipe (105) that communicates with the oil cavity (11); each connecting plate (104) is fixedly connected to an oil outlet pipe (106) that communicates with the oil cavity (11); each rubber plate (107) is connected to a buffer assembly for buffering the high-pressure oil in the oil cavity (11) and the buffer assembly is connected to the guide rail (101).

2. A modular intelligent machining tool for metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer assembly includes a pressure valve (108); each rubber plate (107) is fixedly connected to several pressure valves (108), and the pressure valves (108) are connected to the oil chamber (11); each rubber plate (107) is fixedly connected to a slide plate (109), and the slide plate (109) is slidably connected to the guide rail (101); each slide plate (109) has a buffer chamber (91); each slide plate (109) is fixedly connected to several spring bodies I (1010); all spring bodies I (1010) located on the same slide plate (109) are fixedly connected to a rectangular plate (1011), and the rectangular plate (1011) slides in the buffer chamber (91); each rubber plate (107) is fixedly connected to several one-way valves (1012), and the one-way valves (1012) are connected to the oil chamber (11).

3. A modular intelligent machining tool for metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a rubber pad (1013); the connecting plate (104) is fixedly connected to the rubber pad (1013), and the rubber pad (1013) is fixedly connected to the electric slide (103).

4. A modular intelligent machining tool for metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a conveyor plate (1014); each electric slide (103) is fixedly connected to a conveyor plate (1014) located directly above the corresponding plastic layer (102), and each conveyor plate (1014) has a number of oil holes (41).

5. A modular intelligent machining tool for metal parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes jet pipes (201); each skateboard (109) has two jet pipes (201) fixed to the guide rails (101) and the plastic coating layer (102).

6. A modular intelligent machining tool for metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes round rods (202); each electric slide (103) is connected to several round rods (202); the fixing plate (2010) is provided with several scale lines (203), and the number and position of the scale lines (203) correspond to the round rods (202).

7. A modular intelligent machining tool for metal fittings according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a cleaning plate (204); each electric slide (103) is fixed with two cleaning plates (204) made of elastic material, and the cleaning plates (204) are bent upwards.

8. A modular intelligent machining tool for metal fittings according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes spring rods (205); each round rod (202) has several spring rods (205) fixed to its end.

9. A modular intelligent machining tool for metal fittings according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes counterweights (206); the round rods (202) are slidably connected to the electric slide (103); each round rod (202) is fixed with two counterweights (206); each round rod (202) is fixed with a pull rope (207); and the pull rope (207) is fixed with the corresponding rectangular plate (1011).

10. A modular intelligent machining tool for metal fittings according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a tension sensor (208); each electric slide (103) is fixedly connected to a tension sensor (208); each tension sensor (208) is fixedly connected to a spring body II (209), and the spring body II (209) is fixedly connected to the corresponding fixing plate (2010).

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