A multi-substrate universal adhesive and its preparation method and device

Abstract

This invention provides a universal adhesive for multiple substrates, its preparation method, and apparatus. The raw materials for preparing the adhesive include thermoplastic solid acrylic resin, polyester-type urethane resin, hydrogenated petroleum resin, hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, additive A, antioxidant 1010, and anti-yellowing agent UV-326. Additive A is prepared from epoxy acrylate-polysiloxane hybrid resin, hydroxyl-terminated hydrogenated polybutadiene, etc. The adhesive preparation method includes melt blending the main resin under nitrogen protection, adding additive A for homogenization, and introducing antioxidants and anti-yellowing agents for extrusion molding. The dedicated apparatus integrates precision thermal management, high shear dispersion, dynamic tension control, and a multi-substrate adaptive coating unit. The adhesive exhibits high peel strength, excellent aging resistance, and good resistance to thermal cycling on various substrates such as glass and metal, solving the problems of weak adhesion and easy peeling / delamination of existing adhesives in multi-substrate applications. It is suitable for cross-material bonding scenarios such as electronics and automotive components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of adhesive technology, and in particular to a universal adhesive for multiple substrates and its preparation method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] In the adhesive industry, the demand for adhesives that can achieve high bonding strength and long-term durability on substrates with various surface properties is growing. Taking smartphone manufacturing as an example, adhesives need to bond materials such as glass screens, metal frames, plastic shells, and PET films simultaneously. However, traditional adhesives are often designed for high surface energy materials such as glass and metal, and perform poorly on low surface energy substrates such as polypropylene or polyethylene terephthalate. Specifically, the peel strength of ordinary adhesives on PP substrates is often less than 5 N / cm, and they are prone to edge lifting, delamination, or yellowing under temperature fluctuations or humid and hot environments, resulting in a shortened product life. Although some adhesive products can partially improve the adhesion of glass or metal, they lack flexible segments and interface anchoring functions, and their strength drops sharply on PP or PET, and the adhesive layer becomes brittle. In addition, the aging strength retention rate is low, which cannot meet the requirements of harsh usage environments. On the other hand, traditional adhesive production equipment often suffers from problems such as crude process control, insufficient dispersion and homogenization capabilities, and lack of substrate adaptability. Specifically, for the melt blending of some temperature-sensitive resins, conventional equipment uses a single heating method with poor temperature control accuracy, easily leading to localized overheating degradation or uneven mixing, directly affecting the cohesive strength and stability of the adhesive. When the formulation contains nanofillers or key additives, traditional low-speed stirring is insufficient to achieve sufficient deagglomeration and uniform dispersion of nanoparticles in the viscous resin melt, easily forming stress defect points and deteriorating the mechanical properties and durability of the final product. Existing coating equipment parameters such as coating speed, pressure, and gap are mostly fixed or manually adjustable, unable to quickly and accurately adapt to the differences in surface energy, roughness, and flexibility of different substrates such as glass, metal, plastic, and fabric. This results in huge fluctuations in adhesive layer thickness, uniformity, and initial wetting effect when the same adhesive is coated on different substrates, making it impossible to guarantee the consistency and reliability of bonding performance across materials. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a novel multi-substrate universal adhesive and its preparation method and apparatus to address the shortcomings of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a universal adhesive for multiple substrates, its preparation method, and apparatus. This addresses the limitations of existing technologies where single adhesives struggle to achieve high bonding strength simultaneously on both high surface energy materials (such as glass and metal) and low surface energy materials (such as PP plastic and PET film). Furthermore, these adhesives are prone to problems such as edge lifting, delamination, or yellowing during long-term use due to damp heat aging and thermal cycling. These issues result in poor bonding reliability and shortened lifespan in cross-material composite structures (such as smartphones and automotive interior parts), failing to meet the technical bottlenecks of modern industry's demands for lightweight, multi-material integrated components with high consistency and durability. The specific technical solution of this invention is as follows: This invention provides a universal adhesive for multiple substrates. The raw materials for preparing the universal adhesive for multiple substrates include thermoplastic solid acrylic resin, polyester urethane resin, hydrogenated petroleum resin, polybutadiene with hydroxyl end caps, additive A, antioxidant 1010 and anti-yellowing agent UV-326.

[0004] Furthermore, the raw materials for preparing the multi-substrate universal adhesive include, by weight, 26-50 parts of thermoplastic solid acrylic resin, 15-32 parts of polyester urethane resin, 10-30 parts of hydrogenated petroleum resin, 8-20 parts of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, 3-5 parts of additive A, 0.5-2.0 parts of antioxidant 1010 and 0.5-1.5 parts of anti-yellowing agent UV-326.

[0005] Furthermore, the raw materials for preparing additive A include epoxy acrylate-polysiloxane hybrid resin, hydroxyl-terminated hydrogenated polybutadiene, silica aerogel nanoparticles, zinc acetylacetone, polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane, and propylene glycol methyl ether acetate.

[0006] Furthermore, the raw materials for preparing additive A include, by weight, 32 parts of epoxy acrylate-polysiloxane hybrid resin, 25 parts of hydroxyl-terminated hydrogenated polybutadiene, 12 parts of silica aerogel nanoparticles, 0.8 parts of zinc acetylacetone, 6 parts of polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane, and 20 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate.

[0007] This invention also provides a method for preparing the multi-substrate universal adhesive, comprising: under nitrogen protection, adding thermoplastic solid acrylic resin, polyester urethane resin, hydrogenated petroleum resin and polybutadiene with hydroxyl ends capped into a reactor, heating to 95-115°C and stirring at 200-500 rpm for 30-90 minutes; adding the formulated amount of additive A and stirring for 30 minutes; cooling and adding antioxidant 1010 and anti-yellowing agent UV-326 and stirring; and extruding to obtain the multi-substrate universal adhesive.

[0008] Further, the temperature is lowered to 70-80℃, antioxidant 1010 and anti-yellowing agent UV-326 are added, and the mixture is stirred at 200-350 rpm for 10-30 minutes. The mixture is then extruded at 95-110℃ to obtain a multi-substrate universal adhesive.

[0009] Further, the preparation method of the additive A includes dehydrating silica aerogel nanoparticles at 120°C for 2 hours, preheating hydroxyl-terminated hydrogenated polybutadiene to 60°C, adding epoxy acrylate-polysiloxane hybrid resin to the preheated hydroxyl-terminated hydrogenated polybutadiene under nitrogen protection, stirring at 200-500 rpm for 10 minutes, raising the temperature to 80°C, adding zinc acetylacetone, and stirring for 30 minutes; adding the dehydrated silica aerogel nanoparticles and stirring, dispersing at high speed under shear, and reacting at a higher temperature; adding propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, cooling and stirring, and filtering to obtain the additive A.

[0010] Further, dehydrated silica aerogel nanoparticles were added, and the mixture was dispersed under high-speed shear at a stirring rate of 1200 rpm for 1.5 hours. The temperature was then raised to 100°C, and the system pressure was controlled at -0.05 MPa for 2 hours. Propylene glycol methyl ether acetate was added, and the mixture was cooled to 50°C and stirred at 200 rpm for 40 minutes. The mixture was then filtered to obtain the auxiliary agent A.

[0011] The present invention also provides an apparatus for preparing the multi-substrate universal adhesive, the apparatus comprising a precision thermal management unit, a high shear adaptive dispersion unit, a dynamic tension control unit, and a multi-substrate adaptive coating unit; A precision thermal management unit is used for precise, stepped temperature control of materials inside the reactor. The high-shear adaptive dispersion unit is used to shear and disperse the melt, and its rotation speed is automatically adjusted according to the material viscosity and process stage. The dynamic tension control unit is used to monitor and adjust the film tension in real time during the coating process. The multi-substrate adaptive coating unit is used to adaptively adjust coating parameters according to the type of the target substrate to achieve uniform and controllable adhesive coating.

[0012] Furthermore, the high-shear adaptive dispersion unit includes a variable frequency motor, a torque sensor connected to the motor output shaft, and a frame-type stirring paddle and dispersion disk combination blade installed in the reactor; the multi-substrate adaptive coating unit includes a coating head, a precision metering pump connected to the coating head, a laser thickness gauge located downstream of the coating head, and a servo drive platform for carrying and transporting the substrate.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The multi-substrate universal adhesive provided by this invention achieves excellent and balanced adhesion performance on glass, metal, plastic, and textile substrates through the synergistic effect of various formulation components such as thermoplastic solid acrylic resin, polyester urethane resin, hydrogenated petroleum resin, elastomer hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, additive A, antioxidant, and anti-yellowing agent. The average peel strength of this adhesive on five representative substrates is as high as 10.0-12.8 N / cm. In particular, additive A, as a core functional additive, works synergistically with the resin matrix to effectively solve the adhesion problem on low surface energy substrates such as PP plastic and enhances cohesive strength. The antioxidant and anti-yellowing agent work synergistically with the entire system to ensure that the adhesive maintains high peel strength after high temperature and high humidity aging. Moreover, after passing the cold and heat cycle test from -40℃ to 85℃, there is no curling or delamination, demonstrating excellent durability and environmental adaptability.

[0014] The thermoplastic acrylic resin involved in this invention provides initial tack and film-forming properties, while the polyester-type polyurethane resin contributes excellent flexibility and toughness. The hydrogenated petroleum resin acts as a tackifier. The three are blended to form a viscoelastic resin matrix with complementary properties. The epoxy acrylate-polysiloxane hybrid resin part in the molecular structure of additive A is compatible with the matrix resin, and its siloxane segments can migrate to the interface to form strong physical adsorption or chemical bonding with the surface of various substrates. At the same time, the hydroxyl-terminated hydrogenated polybutadiene, as a flexible segment, interacts with polyurethane and other components in the matrix to effectively disperse and buffer the stress at the bonding interface. Meanwhile, the nano-silica aerogel particles are uniformly dispersed in the matrix, acting as physical crosslinking points and reinforcing agents, significantly improving the cohesive strength and creep resistance of the adhesive. In addition, antioxidants interrupt the oxidative degradation process of polymer chains by capturing free radicals, while anti-yellowing agents absorb ultraviolet energy. Together, they ensure the stability of the product under long-term heat, oxygen and light irradiation from a chemical perspective, preventing the degradation of adhesive performance caused by material aging and retaining its function. This allows hot melt adhesives to exhibit stable and durable bonding strength in real high-humidity environments. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0016] The present invention relates to hydroxyl-terminated hydrogenated polybutadiene (hydroxyl value 40-50 mg KOH / g), silica aerogel nanoparticles (particle size 10-20 nm, specific surface area ≥500 m² / g), polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane (HLB value 8-10) and propylene glycol methyl ether acetate.

[0017] The epoxy acrylate-polysiloxane hybrid resin involved in this invention was purchased from Shanghai Aoke New Materials; the hydroxyl-terminated hydrogenated polybutadiene was purchased from Nippon Soda Corporation; the silica aerogel nanoparticles were purchased from Qingguan Nanotechnology (Jiangsu) Co., Ltd.; the polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane was purchased from Wacker Chemie; the thermoplastic solid acrylic resin was purchased from Shanghai Yaotian Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.; the polyester-type urethane resin was purchased from The Chemical Co., Ltd.; the hydrogenated petroleum resin was purchased from Henghe Materials Technology Co., Ltd.; and the hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene was purchased from Nippon Soda Corporation.

[0018] The raw materials for preparing additive A of the present invention include epoxy acrylate-polysiloxane hybrid resin, hydroxyl-terminated hydrogenated polybutadiene, silica aerogel nanoparticles, zinc acetylacetone, polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane, and propylene glycol methyl ether acetate.

[0019] The raw materials for preparing additive A of the present invention, by weight, include 32 parts of epoxy acrylate-polysiloxane hybrid resin, 25 parts of hydroxyl-terminated hydrogenated polybutadiene, 12 parts of silica aerogel nanoparticles, 0.8 parts of zinc acetylacetone, 6 parts of polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane, and 20 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate.

[0020] The preparation method of additive A of the present invention includes: dehydrating nano-silica aerogel at 120°C for 2 hours by weight; preheating hydroxyl-terminated hydrogenated polybutadiene to 60°C; adding 32 parts of epoxy acrylate-polysiloxane hybrid resin, 25 parts of preheated hydroxyl-terminated hydrogenated polybutadiene, and 6 parts of polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane under nitrogen protection; stirring at 300 rpm for 10 minutes; raising the temperature to 80°C; adding 0.8 parts of acetylacetone catalyst; stirring for 30 minutes; adding 12 parts of dehydrated nano-silica aerogel; increasing the stirring speed to 1200 rpm; high-speed shear dispersion for 1.5 hours; raising the temperature to 100°C; controlling the pressure at -0.05 MPa; reacting for 2 hours; adding 20 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate solvent; cooling to 50°C; stirring at 200 rpm for 40 minutes for maturation; and filtering through a 400-mesh filter to obtain additive A. The viscosity at 25°C is measured to be 3500. mPa·s.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] This embodiment provides a multi-substrate universal adhesive. The raw materials for preparing the multi-substrate universal adhesive include thermoplastic solid acrylic resin, polyester urethane resin, hydrogenated petroleum resin, elastomer (hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, HTPB), additive A, antioxidant (1010) and anti-yellowing agent UV-326.

[0023] This embodiment provides a multi-substrate universal adhesive. The raw materials for preparing the multi-substrate universal adhesive include, by weight, 35 parts of thermoplastic solid acrylic resin, 28 parts of polyester urethane resin, 20 parts of hydrogenated petroleum resin, 12 parts of elastomer (polybutadiene with hydroxyl end caps), 4 parts of additive A, 1.0 part of antioxidant 1010 and 0.8 parts of anti-yellowing agent UV-326.

[0024] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing a multi-substrate universal adhesive. The method includes adding 35 parts of thermoplastic solid acrylic resin, 28 parts of polyester urethane resin, 20 parts of hydrogenated petroleum resin and 12 parts of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene elastomer to a reactor under nitrogen protection, heating to 105°C, stirring and melting, stirring and mixing at 350 rpm for 60 minutes, adding 4 parts of additive A and stirring for 30 minutes, cooling to 75°C and adding 1.0 part of antioxidant 1010 and 0.8 parts of anti-yellowing agent UV-326, stirring at 350 rpm for 20 minutes, and extruding at 100°C to obtain the multi-substrate universal adhesive.

[0025] Example 2

[0026] This embodiment provides a multi-substrate universal adhesive. The raw materials for preparing the multi-substrate universal adhesive include thermoplastic solid acrylic resin, polyester urethane resin, hydrogenated petroleum resin, elastomer (hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, HTPB), additive A, antioxidant 1010, and anti-yellowing agent UV-326.

[0027] This embodiment provides a multi-substrate universal adhesive. The raw materials for preparing the multi-substrate universal adhesive include, by weight, 26 parts of thermoplastic solid acrylic resin, 15 parts of polyester urethane resin, 10 parts of hydrogenated petroleum resin, 8 parts of elastomer (hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, HTPB), 3 parts of additive A, 0.5 parts of antioxidant 1010 and 0.5 parts of anti-yellowing agent UV-326.

[0028] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing a multi-substrate universal adhesive. The method includes adding 26 parts of thermoplastic solid acrylic resin, 15 parts of polyester urethane resin, 10 parts of hydrogenated petroleum resin and 8 parts of elastomer (hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, HTPB) into a reactor under nitrogen protection, heating to 95°C, stirring and melting, adding 3 parts of additive A and stirring for 30 minutes, stirring and mixing at 200 rpm for 30 minutes, cooling to 70°C and adding 0.5 parts of antioxidant 1010 and 0.5 parts of anti-yellowing agent UV-326, stirring at 200 rpm for 10 minutes, and extruding at 95°C to obtain the multi-substrate universal adhesive.

[0029] Example 3

[0030] This embodiment provides a multi-substrate universal adhesive. The raw materials for preparing the multi-substrate universal adhesive include thermoplastic solid acrylic resin, polyester urethane resin, hydrogenated petroleum resin, elastomer (hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, HTPB), additive A, antioxidant 1010, and anti-yellowing agent UV-326.

[0031] This embodiment provides a multi-substrate universal adhesive. The raw materials for preparing the multi-substrate universal adhesive include, by weight, 50 parts of thermoplastic solid acrylic resin, 32 parts of polyester urethane resin, 30 parts of hydrogenated petroleum resin, 20 parts of elastomer (hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, HTPB), 5 parts of additive A, 2.0 parts of antioxidant 1010 and 1.5 parts of anti-yellowing agent UV-326.

[0032] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing a multi-substrate universal adhesive. The method includes adding 50 parts of thermoplastic solid acrylic resin, 32 parts of polyester urethane resin, 30 parts of hydrogenated petroleum resin and 20 parts of elastomer into a reactor under nitrogen protection, heating to 115°C, stirring and melting, adding 5 parts of additive A and stirring for 30 minutes, stirring and mixing at 500 rpm for 90 minutes, cooling to 80°C and adding 2.0 parts of antioxidant 1010 and 1.5 parts of anti-yellowing agent UV-326, stirring at 300 rpm for 30 minutes, and extruding at 110°C to obtain the multi-substrate universal adhesive.

[0033] Example 4

[0034] This embodiment provides an apparatus for preparing a multi-substrate universal adhesive. This apparatus is used to implement the multi-substrate universal adhesive preparation method described in this embodiment. The apparatus comprises, along the material flow direction, the following components: Precision thermal management unit: used for precise step-by-step temperature control of materials inside the reactor.

[0035] High-shear adaptive dispersion unit: used for shear dispersion of melt, its rotation speed can be automatically adjusted according to the material viscosity and process stage.

[0036] Dynamic tension control unit: used to monitor and adjust the tension of the adhesive film in real time during the coating process.

[0037] Multi-substrate adaptive coating unit: used to adaptively adjust coating parameters according to the type of target substrate to achieve uniform and controllable adhesive coating.

[0038] Specifically, the precision thermal management unit includes a reactor with a heating jacket, at least three first-type temperature sensors distributed along the axial direction of the reactor body, a second-type temperature sensor located at the end of the stirring shaft, and a circulating oil bath connected to the heating jacket.

[0039] The control method involves a central controller receiving the average temperature value from a first-type temperature sensor and the core temperature of the material measured by a second-type temperature sensor. The control logic follows these steps: a) During the melting stage, the controller uses the core temperature of the material as the control target and adopts an incremental PID algorithm to output control signals to the circulating oil bath, so that the core temperature of the material remains stable within ±1℃ of the set temperature, and the heating rate is 3℃ / min.

[0040] b) During the additive addition stage, the controller controls the target with the average temperature value and controls the opening of the cooling water valve of the oil bath machine so that the temperature drops uniformly to the preset value at a rate of 2℃ / min.

[0041] Specifically, the high-shear adaptive dispersion unit includes a variable frequency motor, a torque sensor connected to the motor output shaft, and a frame-type stirring paddle and dispersion disk combination blade installed inside the reactor.

[0042] The control method involves the central controller receiving real-time torque values ​​from a torque sensor. The control logic is as follows: During the dispersion and homogenization stage, the controller first drives the motor to run at a preset base speed. When the real-time torque value exceeds a set threshold (the threshold is called from a preset parameter library based on the material formula) for 10 consecutive seconds, the controller determines that the material has been initially homogenized and then starts a "gradient acceleration program," linearly increasing the speed to the target speed within 5 minutes and maintaining it for the set time to complete efficient dispersion.

[0043] Specifically, the dynamic tension control unit includes an unwinding roll, a take-up roll, multiple guide rolls located between them, and tension sensors mounted on the guide roll bearing housings. The unwinding and take-up rolls are each driven by two servo motors.

[0044] The control method includes a central controller receiving real-time tension values ​​from tension sensors, and further employing a "feedforward-feedback composite control algorithm": First, based on preset elastic modulus, width, and target thickness of the film, a theoretical tension reference value F0 is calculated. Then, F is compared with F0, and the difference (ΔF) is processed by a PID controller, outputting a compensation signal to the speed loop of the winding servo driver to dynamically adjust the winding speed, stabilizing the actual tension F within the range of F0 ± 0.5N.

[0045] Specifically, the multi-substrate adaptive coating unit includes a coating head, a precision metering pump connected to the coating head, a laser thickness gauge located downstream of the coating head, and a servo drive platform for carrying and transporting the substrate.

[0046] The control method includes a central controller pre-stored "substrate-process parameter database," which contains matching parameter sets for optimal coating speed (V), coating gap (G), and metering pump flow rate (Q) for various substrates (such as glass, metal, plastic, and textiles). The control logic is as follows: a) The operator selects the target substrate type (e.g., "PET film") through the human-machine interface.

[0047] b) The controller automatically retrieves the corresponding parameter group (V1, G1, Q1) from the database and synchronously sends instructions to the coating platform servo driver, coating head gap adjustment stepper motor, and metering pump controller.

[0048] c) After coating begins, the laser thickness gauge measures the wet adhesive thickness (H) in real time and feeds the data back to the controller. The controller compares H with the target thickness H0 and dynamically fine-tunes the pulse frequency of the metering pump with a period of 0.1 seconds to achieve closed-loop precise control of the adhesive layer thickness with a control accuracy of ±2 micrometers.

[0049] After starting the preparation device, the operator selects the formula model and target substrate through the human-machine interface. The central controller automatically retrieves all process parameters from the formula library and substrate library, and sequentially controls the precision thermal management unit to complete the heating, melting and cooling of the materials; controls the high-shear adaptive dispersion unit to complete the dispersion and mixing of the materials; and finally controls the dynamic tension control unit and the multi-substrate adaptive coating unit to work together to form a high-performance adhesive product with uniform thickness and stable tension on the target substrate. This preparation device deeply couples the material formula, process parameters and substrate characteristics through electrical closed-loop control, and is a key equipment guarantee for achieving high consistency and high adaptability of the multi-substrate universal adhesive in this field.

[0050] Comparative Example 1 The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that no additive A was added; otherwise, they are the same as in Example 1.

[0051] Comparative Example 2 The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that Additive A is replaced with an equal part by weight of ordinary silane coupling agent KH-550. All other contents are the same as those in Example 1.

[0052] Comparative Example 3 The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that Additive A is replaced with an equal part by weight of nano-silica powder. All other contents are the same as those in Example 1.

[0053] Comparative Example 4 The difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 1 is that Additive A is replaced with an equal part by weight of liquid polybutadiene, a flexible toughening agent. All other contents are the same as in Example 1.

[0054] Comparative Example 5 The difference between Comparative Example 5 and Example 1 is that Comparative Example 5 lacks an equal part by weight of antioxidant 1010, but the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0055] Comparative Example 6 The difference between Comparative Example 6 and Example 1 is that Comparative Example 6 lacks an equal part by weight of the anti-yellowing agent UV-326; otherwise, it is the same as Example 1.

[0056] Performance testing Five representative substrates with different surface properties were used: float glass (cleaned and dry); 304 stainless steel sheet (wiped with acetone); PP sheet (wiped with isopropanol); PET film (0.125 mm thick); and standard polyester fabric (no special treatment). The adhesives prepared in the examples and comparative examples were coated or pressed onto these five substrates under the same process conditions to create standard test strips. Tests were conducted on 180° peel strength, holding power, heat aging resistance, thermal cycling resistance, and solvent resistance. The 180° peel strength was tested according to GB / T 2792-2014 standard at a speed of 300 mm / min. The average peel force (N / cm) during the peeling process was recorded. Five strips were tested for each substrate, and the average value was taken. For heat aging resistance, the adhesive sample with the polypropylene plastic substrate was placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber and aged for 1000 hours at 85°C and 85% relative humidity. After aging, the samples were removed and allowed to return to room temperature for 24 hours. The 180° peel strength was then tested, and the strength retention rate after aging was calculated (peel strength after aging / initial peel strength × 100%). For thermal cycling resistance, the bonded samples with a polypropylene substrate were placed in a high and low temperature test chamber and cycled 100 times between -40℃ (holding for 1 hour) and 85℃ (holding for 1 hour). After the cycling was completed, the presence of phenomena such as edge lifting, delamination, and cracking of the adhesive layer was observed and recorded. The 180° peel strength (N / cm) and post-aging performance results on various substrates are shown in Table 1.

[0057] Table 1 sample Glass Stainless steel PP plastic PET film polyester fabric Average peel strength (5 substrates) Strength retention rate after aging (85℃ / 85%RH, 1000h) Heat resistance cycling (-40~85℃, 100 cycles) Example 1 15.2 16.5 10.8 1.5 9.8 12.8 97% No curling edges, no glue peeling Example 2 12.1 13 8.5 9 7.5 10 92% Slight edge contraction Example 3 14.5 15.8 9.8 10.2 8.9 11.8 95% No curling edges, no glue peeling Comparative Example 1 9.5 10.2 4.2 4.8 3.5 6.4 68% Obvious edge curling, localized delamination Comparative Example 2 13.8 14.5 6 6.5 5.2 9.2 85% Edge curling, adhesive layer embrittlement Comparative Example 3 10.2 10.8 7.5 7.8 6 8.5 75% No curling edges, but localized blistering. Comparative Example 4 7.8 8.5 5.5 5.8 8 7.1 72% No warping edges, but severe creep and sagging. Comparative Example 5 14.8 16 10.5 11 9.5 12.4 82% There was no curling at the edges, but the adhesive layer was noticeably darker in color. Comparative Example 6 15 5.2 10.6 11.2 9.6 12.5 90% There was no curling at the edges, but the adhesive surface was noticeably yellowed. As shown in Table 1, Comparative Example 1 exhibits significantly lower peel strength and aging retention on all substrates than Example 1, demonstrating that Additive A is a necessary prerequisite for achieving high-strength, high-durability multi-substrate bonding. Comparative Example 2 shows acceptable bonding to glass and metal, but performs poorly on low surface energy substrates such as PP and PET, resulting in brittle adhesive layers. It only has chemical bonding function and lacks the stress dissipation ability of the flexible chain segments built into Additive A, thus failing to achieve universal compatibility. Comparative Example 3 shows mediocre performance and blistering, indicating that simple physical filling cannot solve the interfacial bonding and compatibility issues. Comparative Example 4 has the lowest bonding strength and severe creep, indicating that only flexible toughening without a reinforcing network and interfacial anchoring functional groups leads to a collapse in cohesive strength. While the initial strength of Comparative Examples 5 and 6 is close to that of Example 1, their aging retention rate decreases significantly and is accompanied by yellowing or discoloration, highlighting the crucial role of a complete formulation system in long-term thermo-oxidative stability and appearance maintenance.

[0058] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A universal adhesive for multiple substrates, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparing multi-substrate universal adhesive include thermoplastic solid acrylic resin, polyester urethane resin, hydrogenated petroleum resin, polybutadiene with hydroxyl end caps, additive A, antioxidant 1010, and anti-yellowing agent UV-326.

2. The universal adhesive for multiple substrates as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparing the multi-substrate universal adhesive include, by weight, 26-50 parts of thermoplastic solid acrylic resin, 15-32 parts of polyester urethane resin, 10-30 parts of hydrogenated petroleum resin, 8-20 parts of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, 3-5 parts of additive A, 0.5-2.0 parts of antioxidant 1010 and 0.5-1.5 parts of anti-yellowing agent UV-326.

3. The universal adhesive for multiple substrates as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparing additive A include epoxy acrylate-polysiloxane hybrid resin, hydroxyl-terminated hydrogenated polybutadiene, silica aerogel nanoparticles, zinc acetylacetone, polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane, and propylene glycol methyl ether acetate.

4. The universal adhesive for multiple substrates as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparing additive A, by weight, include 32 parts epoxy acrylate-polysiloxane hybrid resin, 25 parts hydroxyl-terminated hydrogenated polybutadiene, 12 parts silica aerogel nanoparticles, 0.8 parts zinc acetylacetone, 6 parts polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane, and 20 parts propylene glycol methyl ether acetate.

5. A method for preparing a multi-substrate universal adhesive as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The preparation method includes, under nitrogen protection, adding thermoplastic solid acrylic resin, polyester urethane resin, hydrogenated petroleum resin and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene into a reactor, heating to 95-115℃ and stirring at 200-500 rpm for 30-90 minutes; adding the formulated amount of additive A and stirring for 30 minutes; cooling and adding antioxidant 1010 and anti-yellowing agent UV-326 and stirring. Extrusion molding yields a universal adhesive for multiple substrates.

6. The method for preparing a multi-substrate universal adhesive as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Cool to 70-80℃, add antioxidant 1010 and anti-yellowing agent UV-326, stir at 200-350 rpm for 10-30 minutes, and extrude at 95-110℃ to obtain a multi-substrate universal adhesive.

7. The universal adhesive for multiple substrates as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The preparation method of the additive A includes dehydrating silica aerogel nanoparticles at 120°C for 2 hours, preheating hydroxyl-terminated hydrogenated polybutadiene to 60°C, adding epoxy acrylate-polysiloxane hybrid resin to the preheated hydroxyl-terminated hydrogenated polybutadiene under nitrogen protection, stirring at 200-500 rpm for 10 minutes, raising the temperature to 80°C, adding zinc acetylacetone, and stirring for 30 minutes; adding the dehydrated silica aerogel nanoparticles and stirring, dispersing at high speed under shear, and reacting at a higher temperature; adding propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, cooling and stirring, and filtering to obtain the additive A.

8. The universal adhesive for multiple substrates as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Dehydrated silica aerogel nanoparticles were added, and the mixture was dispersed under high-speed shear at a stirring rate of 1200 rpm for 1.5 hours. The temperature was raised to 100℃, and the system pressure was controlled at -0.05 MPa for 2 hours. Propylene glycol methyl ether acetate was added, and the temperature was lowered to 50℃. The mixture was stirred at a speed of 200 rpm for 40 minutes. The additive A was obtained by filtration.

9. An apparatus for preparing the multi-substrate universal adhesive according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The device includes a precision thermal management unit, a high-shear adaptive dispersion unit, a dynamic tension control unit, and a multi-substrate adaptive coating unit; A precision thermal management unit is used for precise, stepped temperature control of materials inside the reactor. The high-shear adaptive dispersion unit is used to shear and disperse the melt, and its rotation speed is automatically adjusted according to the material viscosity and process stage. The dynamic tension control unit is used to monitor and adjust the film tension in real time during the coating process. The multi-substrate adaptive coating unit is used to adaptively adjust coating parameters according to the type of the target substrate to achieve uniform and controllable adhesive coating.

10. The apparatus for preparing a multi-substrate universal adhesive as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The high-shear adaptive dispersion unit includes a variable frequency motor, a torque sensor connected to the motor output shaft, and a frame-type stirring paddle and dispersion disk combination paddle installed in the reactor; the multi-substrate adaptive coating unit includes a coating head, a precision metering pump connected to the coating head, a laser thickness gauge located downstream of the coating head, and a servo drive platform for carrying and transporting the substrate.