An online monitoring and self-adaptive heat treatment device for intelligent manufacturing of numerical control cutters

Abstract

The application discloses an online monitoring and self-adaptive heat treatment device for intelligent manufacturing of a numerical control cutter, and relates to the technical field of heat treatment equipment. The self-adaptive heat shielding assembly is arranged on the cutter clamping assembly. In the application, the cutting part is dynamically surrounded or released during the heating and cooling processes. When heated, the telescopic part surrounds the cutting part to slow down the rapid heating thereof. When cooled, the telescopic part is gradually released with the temperature decreasing to slow down the rapid cooling. The self-adaptive adjustment reduces the temperature difference between the cutting part and the heart part of the straight handle part, thereby significantly reducing the residual stress deviation caused by the asynchronous thermal expansion and cold contraction. The application reduces the residual stress of the cutter heat treatment and improves the machining quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat treatment equipment technology, specifically to an online monitoring and adaptive heat treatment device for intelligent manufacturing CNC cutting tools. Background Technology

[0002] Heat treatment refers to a metal heat treatment process in which materials, in their solid state, are heated, held at temperature, and then cooled to obtain the desired microstructure and properties. The role of heat treatment was gradually recognized during the transition from the Stone Age to the Bronze Age and Iron Age. Existing CNC cutting tools, such as drills and end mills, generally require tempering after quenching. This involves heating the tools to a specific temperature and then cooling them through air cooling or other methods to relieve stress, stabilize the microstructure, and achieve secondary hardening in specific materials, thereby improving cutting performance.

[0003] Because the shank and cutting sections of a cutting tool have different cross-sectional dimensions, and typically, for tools like drills and end mills, the cutting section has helical grooves whose solid dimensions (or wall thickness) are relatively thinner than the shank, the cutting section usually reaches its heating temperature before the shank during heating. Similarly, during cooling, the cutting section usually cools down before the shank. This difference in heating and cooling rates leads to asynchronous thermal expansion and contraction, resulting in uneven thermal stress. Although current processes employ slow heating or staged cooling methods to reduce thermal stress, the cutting section still exhibits a certain residual stress deviation relative to the shank due to the limitations of the tool's structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an online monitoring and adaptive heat treatment device for intelligent manufacturing CNC cutting tools, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an online monitoring and adaptive heat treatment device for intelligent manufacturing CNC cutting tools, comprising a heating box, a lifting drive mechanism, a cutting tool clamping assembly, and an adaptive heat shielding assembly;

[0006] The bottom of the heating box has an installation port, and the lifting drive mechanism is used to drive the tool clamping assembly to lift and lower, so that the tool can enter or leave the heating box.

[0007] The tool clamping assembly is used to fix the tool and drive it to rotate;

[0008] The adaptive heat shield assembly is disposed on the tool clamping assembly and located on the outer periphery of the tool cutting part; the adaptive heat shield assembly is configured to automatically deform according to changes in ambient temperature to change the degree of enclosure of the tool cutting part, thereby adjusting the heating and cooling rate of the tool cutting part.

[0009] Furthermore, the lifting drive mechanism includes a base plate, a ball screw, a screw nut, and a geared motor;

[0010] The ball screw is vertically rotatably connected between the base plate and the bottom of the heating box;

[0011] The lead screw nut is fitted onto the ball screw and connected to the tool clamping assembly;

[0012] The geared motor is used to drive the ball screw to rotate, thereby driving the tool clamping assembly to rise and fall.

[0013] Furthermore, the tool clamping assembly includes a lifting plate, a sealing part, a supporting shaft, a rotating arm, and a servo motor;

[0014] The lifting plate is connected to the lead screw nut, and a sealing part for sealing the mounting port is connected to the top of the lifting plate;

[0015] The supporting shaft is rotatably connected to the sealing part, and its top end extends out of the sealing part and is connected to multiple rotating arms;

[0016] The servo motor is used to drive the support shaft to rotate.

[0017] Furthermore, the end of the rotating arm away from the supporting shaft is rotatably connected to a swinging part, and the adaptive heat shield assembly includes a telescopic part;

[0018] The telescopic part is connected to the upper end of the swing part, and the telescopic part encloses and forms a placement space for placing the cutting tool;

[0019] The telescopic portion is configured to undergo telescopic deformation and change the area surrounding the cutting portion of the tool when subjected to axial force.

[0020] Furthermore, the adaptive heat shielding assembly also includes a thermally actuated drive unit, which is connected to the telescopic part for driving the telescopic part to deform according to temperature changes.

[0021] Furthermore, the thermally actuated drive unit includes an air storage space, a piston section, a lifting slide column, and a floating plate;

[0022] The supporting shaft has a sliding hole inside, and the piston part is provided in the sliding hole. The piston part and one end of the sliding hole form a sealed gas storage space, which is filled with inert gas.

[0023] One end of the lifting slide is connected to the piston part, and the other end passes through the sliding hole and is connected to the floating plate;

[0024] The upper end of the telescopic part is connected to a tension frame, and the floating plate can press against the tension frame, causing the tension frame to drive the telescopic part to compress and deform to surround the tool.

[0025] Furthermore, the adaptive heat shield assembly also includes a reset spring, which is disposed in the sliding hole of the supporting shaft, and its two ends elastically abut against the piston part and the bottom wall of the sliding hole, respectively, for driving the telescopic part to return to its initial state when the temperature decreases.

[0026] Furthermore, it also includes a swing trigger mechanism, which is disposed below the swing part and is used to drive the swing part to swing back and forth around its rotation axis when the support shaft rotates.

[0027] Furthermore, the swing triggering mechanism includes a fixed ring, a protrusion, and a roller;

[0028] The retaining ring is fixed inside the sealing part;

[0029] The protrusion is disposed on the periphery of the fixing ring, and the side of the protrusion that contacts the roller is inclined.

[0030] The roller is rotatably connected to the bottom of the swinging part and rolls on the fixed ring and protrusion as the supporting shaft rotates, thereby driving the swinging part to swing.

[0031] Furthermore, the swinging part and the rotating arm are rotatably connected by a pivot, and a spiral spring is sleeved on the pivot, which is used to drive the swinging part to reset.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0033] 1. In this invention, addressing the issue of differing heating and cooling rates caused by the different cross-sectional dimensions of the cutting section (thin-walled, grooved) and straight shank section of cutting tools (such as drills and milling cutters), the device utilizes an adaptive heat shield component (expandable section) to dynamically surround or release the cutting section during heating and cooling. During heating, the expandable section surrounds the cutting section, slowing down its rapid temperature rise; during cooling, the expandable section gradually releases as the temperature decreases, slowing down rapid cooling. This adaptive adjustment reduces the core temperature difference between the cutting section and the straight shank section, thereby significantly reducing residual stress deviations caused by asynchronous thermal expansion and contraction. This reduces residual stress during tool heat treatment and improves machining quality.

[0034] 2. In this invention, the sealed "inert gas storage space" inside the supporting shaft is used as a temperature-sensing driving element. The gas expands when heated, directly driving the piston and floating plate to deform the telescopic part; after cooling and contracting, the gas returns to its original position under the action of the return spring. This ingenious combination of temperature monitoring and mechanical action eliminates the need for external electronic sensors and complex control algorithms, allowing for real-time adjustment of the thermal shielding level based on temperature. The structure is compact and highly responsive, utilizing the thermal expansion characteristics of gas to achieve "adaptive" control without the need for complex sensors.

[0035] 3. In this invention, slender cutting tools are prone to "waist collapse" due to their own gravity. A servo motor drives the support shaft to rotate, and in conjunction with a swing trigger mechanism (a protrusion and roller working together), the swinging part causes the cutting tool to swing discontinuously and rapidly. The alternating inertial force generated by this swinging motion can dynamically counteract the tendency of the cutting tool to bend to one side, which is more effective than static suspension in resisting deformation caused by gravity. This significantly improves the straightness pass rate of long-handled cutting tools after heat treatment. The servo motor drives the cutting tool to rotate continuously within the heating chamber, changing the fixed position of the cutting tool relative to the heat source, resulting in more uniform heating in the circumferential direction of the cutting tool, further optimizing the overall heat treatment effect. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an online monitoring and adaptive heat treatment device for intelligent manufacturing CNC cutting tools according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of the structure from another perspective;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of the sealing part, rotating plate, and floating plate after assembly in this invention;

[0039] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship after omitting the sealing part;

[0040] Figure 5 for Figure 4A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of the structure from another perspective;

[0041] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of the middle section after it has been cut open.

[0042] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the positional relationship of the local structure at point A in the middle;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of the rotating plate, supporting shaft, and fixing ring after assembly in this invention;

[0044] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A magnified schematic diagram of the positional relationship of the local structure at point B in the middle section;

[0045] Figure 10 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the positional relationships after the explosive decomposition of the medium structure.

[0046] The following are the annotations for each item in the figure: 1. Thermocouple; 2. Heating box; 3. Gas inlet; 4. Mounting port; 5. Ball screw; 6. Rotating plate; 7. Screw nut; 8. Gear motor; 9. Base plate; 10. Servo motor; 11. Lifting plate; 12. Sealing part; 13. Floating plate; 14. Tensioning frame; 15. Cutting tool; 16. Telescopic part; 17. Swinging part; 18. Clearance groove; 19. Fixing ring; 20. Rotating arm; 21. Connecting shaft; 22. Roller; 23. Protrusion; 24. Sealing plate; 25. Lifting slide column; 26. Sealing end cover; 27. Support shaft; 28. Pivot; 29. ​​Scroll spring; 30. Return spring; 31. Piston part. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Please see Figures 1-10This invention provides a technical solution: an online monitoring and adaptive heat treatment device for intelligent manufacturing CNC cutting tools, including a heating box 2. A thermocouple 1 is installed on the heating box 2 to detect the temperature inside the heating box 2. A gas inlet 3 is provided on one side of the heating box 2, and a through-hole mounting port 4 is provided at the bottom of the heating box 2. The bottom of the heating box 2 is supported on a flat surface by multiple legs, and a base plate 9 is fixed to the lower end of the legs. Two ball screws 5 are vertically rotatably connected between the base plate 9 and the bottom of the heating box 2 via bearing seats. Screw nuts 7 are fitted around the periphery of the ball screws 5, forming a rolling helical transmission connection with the ball screws 5. That is, when the ball screws 5 rotate, they drive the screw nuts 7 to move longitudinally along the periphery of the ball screws 5. The two screw nuts 7 are connected to a lifting plate 11. A sealing part 12 is connected to the top of the lifting plate 11. The sealing part 12 is used to engage with the mounting port 4 when the lifting plate 11 moves upward and to seal the mounting port 4. A geared motor 8 is installed on the base plate 9. A driven pulley is fixedly sleeved on the periphery of each of the two ball screws 5. A gearbox is also installed on the base plate 9. A driving pulley is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the gearbox. The driving pulley and the driven pulley are connected by a synchronous belt. Alternatively, the driving pulley and the driven pulley can be replaced with sprockets and the sprockets are connected by a chain drive. In this way, when the motor shaft of the geared motor 8 rotates, the motor shaft drives the input shaft of the gearbox to rotate, which in turn causes the output shaft of the gearbox to rotate and drives the two ball screws 5 to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the two ball screws 5 can then drive the lifting plate 11 to move up and down.

[0049] Combination Figures 3 to 10 As shown, and please refer to the following: Figures 3 to 5The bottom of the sealing part 12 has a blind hole-shaped mounting cavity. A sealing plate 24 is connected to the lower opening of the mounting cavity to seal the lower opening. A support shaft 27 is vertically rotatably connected to the sealing plate 24 via a mounting bearing. A rotating plate 6 is rotatably connected to the upper opening of the mounting cavity. Multiple rotating arms 20 are fixed to the upper end of the support shaft 27. A swing part 17 is rotatably connected to the end of each rotating arm 20 away from the support shaft 27 via a mounting pivot 28. A telescopic part 16 is fixed to the upper end of the swing part 17. The outer contour of the telescopic part 16 resembles a shaftless auger. The axial direction of the telescopic part 16 is coaxial with that of the swing part 17. The telescopic part 16 can undergo flexible bending deformation when subjected to radial force and can undergo telescopic deformation when subjected to axial force. A space for placing the cutting tool 15 is formed in the middle of the plate 6. The cutting part of the cutting tool 15 is placed downward and in contact with the upper end face of the swing part 17. The upper end of the swing part 17 extends through the rotating plate 6. The surface of the rotating plate 6 is provided with a clearance groove 18 that allows the swing part 17 to swing freely around the axis of the pivot 28. The rotating arm 20 is located between the sealing plate 24 and the rotating plate 6. The lower end of the supporting shaft 27 extends freely through the sealing plate 24. The bottom of the sealing plate 24 is equipped with a servo motor 10 through a motor mount. The motor shaft of the servo motor 10 is driven to connect with the supporting shaft 27. The rotation of the motor shaft of the servo motor 10 drives the supporting shaft 27 to rotate, so that multiple swing parts 17 also rotate synchronously. The swing parts 17 abut against the inner wall of the clearance groove 18, thereby driving the rotating plate 6 to rotate.

[0050] Combination Figures 3 to 10 As shown, and please refer to the following: Figure 6 and Figure 7A blind-hole sliding hole is coaxially formed on the upper end face of the supporting shaft 27. A sealing end cap 26 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding hole. A lifting slide column 25 is coaxially inserted through the end face of the sealing end cap 26. The lifting slide column 25 can slide freely on the sealing end cap 26. The lower end of the lifting slide column 25 extends into the sliding hole, and a piston part 31 is coaxially connected to its lower end. The piston part 31 can slide freely up and down in the sliding hole, and a gas storage space for storing inert gas is formed between the piston part 31 and the sealing end cap 26. A floating plate 13 is connected to the upper end of the lifting slide column 25. The floating plate 13 moves up and down with the longitudinal movement of the lifting slide column 25. A tension frame 14 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the telescopic part 16. The lower end of the tension frame 14 extends toward the end face of the floating plate 13 and is bent horizontally. When the floating plate 13 moves downward, it can... The telescopic part 16 is able to abut against the upper surface of the horizontal bending part of the tension frame 14, thereby driving the tension frame 14 to move downward and generating downward extrusion force on the telescopic part 16, thereby causing the telescopic part 16 to undergo compression deformation. After the telescopic part 16 is compressed and closed, it surrounds the cutting part of the tool 15, which is equivalent to forming a layer of enclosure on the surface of the cutting part of the tool 15. In this way, when heating, the cutting part of the tool 15 does not heat up too quickly, and when cooling down, as the temperature decreases, the telescopic part 16 gradually changes from the compressed state to the initial state. In this way, the enclosure of the cutting part of the tool 15 by the telescopic part 16 reduces the contact between the airflow and the cutting part of the tool 15, thereby preventing the cutting part of the tool 15 from cooling down too quickly, reducing the temperature difference between the cutting part of the tool 15 and the core of the straight shank, and thus reducing residual stress deviation.

[0051] In the initial state, the telescopic part 16 is in Figure 6In the extended state, when heating is performed, the heat inside the heating chamber 2 is transferred to the supporting shaft 27 via the rotating plate 6, and then to the gas storage space via the supporting shaft 27. This increases the pressure of the inert gas in the gas storage space, causing the inert gas to expand and push the piston 31 downward. When the piston 31 moves downward, the lifting slide 25 also moves downward, which in turn drives the floating plate 13 downward. As the floating plate 13 moves downward, it gradually contacts the horizontal bending part of the tension frame 14. The downward compressive force applied to the horizontal bending section causes the tensioning frame 14 to move downwards and compress the telescopic section 16. As the cutting part of the tool 15 faces downwards, the telescopic section 16, under compression, will close together, thus surrounding the cutting part of the tool 15. This is because, in the initial heating stage, when the temperature is not high and the temperature difference between the cutting part and the straight shank of the tool 15 is small, the compression degree of the telescopic section 16 is small. However, once the temperature reaches a certain level, the heat from the center of the straight shank is concentrated. The temperature rise rate of the cutting part is relatively slow, so it is necessary to reduce the heating rate of the cutting part. By extending and retracting the telescopic part 16, the cutting part can be surrounded, which at least to some extent slows down the heating rate of the cutting part of the tool 15, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the straight shank and the cutting part of the tool 15. Similarly, during cooling, the pressure of the inert gas gradually decreases, so the volume gradually shrinks, which allows the lifting slide 25 to drive the floating plate 13 to move upward, thereby causing the tension frame 14 to gradually move upward, so that the telescopic part 16 changes from the compressed state to the initial state, and thus the telescopic part 16 cuts the tool 15. As the encircling effect of the cutting part gradually disappears, the cooling rate deviation between the straight shank and the cutting part of the tool 15 can be minimized, which helps to reduce the occurrence of residual stress deviation. In addition, in order to enable the piston part 31 to move upward smoothly during cooling, a return spring 30 can be installed in the sliding hole. The two ends of the return spring 30 elastically abut against the piston part 31 and the inner bottom wall of the sliding hole, respectively, and the return spring 30 has an upward elastic abutting force on the piston part 31. This allows the piston part 31 to be driven to move upward when the volume of inert gas decreases.

[0052] Combination Figures 3 to 10 As shown, and please refer to the following: Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10The bottom of the swing part 17 is coaxially connected to a connecting shaft 21. A roller 22 is rotatably mounted on the lower end of the connecting shaft 21. A fixing ring 19 is fixed to the inner wall of the mounting cavity or the upper end face of the sealing plate 24. The fixing ring 19 is coaxial with the supporting rotating shaft 27. Multiple protrusions 23 are fixed to the periphery of the fixing ring 19. The protrusions 23 are in a rolling engagement with the roller 22. A receiving cavity is opened on the rotating arm 20. The end of the pivot 28 passes into the receiving cavity, and a spiral spring 29 is installed in the receiving cavity. The inner ring of the spiral spring 29 is wrapped around the periphery of the pivot 28, and the end of the inner ring is fixed to the periphery of the pivot 28. The end of the outer ring of the spiral spring 29 is fixed to the inner wall of the receiving cavity. In the initial state, the spiral spring 29 has an elastic force on the pivot 28, which allows the pivot 28 to rotate and drive the swing part 17 to rotate to a vertical state. When the supporting rotating shaft 27 is driven to rotate by the servo motor 10, the roller 22 rotates to a vertical state. The wheel 22 will roll on the periphery of the fixed ring 19. During the rolling process, the wheel 22 will roll from the periphery of the fixed ring 19 to the protrusion 23. The side of the protrusion 23 that rolls in contact with the wheel 22 is inclined. When the wheel 22 rolls on the surface of the protrusion 23, the protrusion 23 will exert a lateral force on the wheel 22, so that the wheel 22 can drive the connecting shaft 21 and the swing part 17 to swing. That is, drive the swing part 17 to rotate around the axis of the pivot 28. During the rotation, the spiral spring 29 will accumulate elastic potential energy. When the wheel 22 is out of contact with the surface of the protrusion 23, the release of the elastic potential energy of the spiral spring 29 will enable the pivot 28 and the swing part 17 to swing rapidly. During the swing, the swing part 17 will generate reciprocating rapid swing. Through the reciprocating rapid swing, the transformation of the tool 15 from an elastic state to a plastic state due to the accumulation of gravity during the heating process is eliminated. In the high-temperature plastic zone, the weight of the tool 15 itself easily causes it to "collapse" and bend. The discontinuous, back-and-forth oscillation of the swinging part 17 generates alternating inertial forces. For slender end mills 15, when they are heated while tilted to one side, the opposing oscillating force counteracts their bending tendency. This dynamic balancing effect is more effective than static suspension in resisting deformation caused by gravity, significantly reducing the heat treatment bending deformation of long end mills 15 and improving the straightness pass rate.

[0053] Working principle of the invention:

[0054] The cutting tool 15 is placed in the middle part of the telescopic part 16 with the cutting part facing down. The telescopic part 16 then limits the cutting tool 15. The reduction motor 8 is started, and the motor shaft of the reduction motor 8 rotates, which in turn drives the output shaft of the reduction gearbox to rotate. This drives the two ball screws 5 to rotate. When the ball screws 5 rotate, the rolling screw transmission between the screw nut 7 and the ball screw 5 drives the lifting plate 11 to move upward and drives the sealing part 12 to move upward, so that the sealing part 12 is engaged in the mounting port 4, thereby sealing the mounting port 4.

[0055] The heating mechanism (not shown in the figure) of the heating box 2 and the thermocouple 1 are started to heat the tool 15. In the initial stage of heating, the inert gas in the gas storage space expands in volume due to heat, which drives the piston 31 to move downward and causes the lifting slide 25 to move downward, which in turn causes the floating plate 13 to move downward. The floating plate 13 will generate downward pressure on the horizontal bending of the tension frame 14, which will cause the tension frame 14 to move downward. When the tension frame 14 moves downward, it will compress the telescopic part 16, which will compress the telescopic part 16 and make it close together, so that the telescopic part 16 gradually surrounds the cutting part of the tool 15, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the straight shank and the cutting part of the tool 15.

[0056] Simultaneously, during heating, the servo motor 10 is also started and drives the support shaft 27 to rotate. When the support shaft 27 rotates, it will drive the rotating arm 20 to rotate. When the rotating arm 20 rotates, through the contact between the swing part 17 and the inner wall of the clearance groove 18, it can synchronously drive the rotating plate 6 to rotate. Alternatively, the rotating plate 6 can be fixed to the upper end face of the support shaft 27. In this way, when the support shaft 27 rotates, it can synchronously drive the rotating plate 6 to rotate. Through the rotation of the rotating plate 6 and the rotation of the support shaft 27, the tool 15 can rotate in the heating box 2. By continuously changing the placement position of the tool 15 in the heating box 2, the tool 15 can be heated evenly.

[0057] When the servo motor 10 drives the support shaft 27 to rotate, the roller 22 will roll on the periphery of the fixed ring 19. During the rolling process, the roller 22 will roll from the periphery of the fixed ring 19 to the protrusion 23. The side of the protrusion 23 that rolls in contact with the roller 22 is inclined. When the roller 22 rolls on the surface of the protrusion 23, the protrusion 23 will generate a lateral force on the roller 22, so that the roller 22 can drive the connecting shaft 21 and the swing part 17 to swing. That is, drive the swing part 17 to rotate around the axis of the pivot 28. During the rotation, the spiral spring 29 will accumulate elastic potential energy. When the roller 22 is out of contact with the surface of the protrusion 23, the release of the elastic potential energy of the spiral spring 29 will enable the pivot 28 and the swing part 17 to swing rapidly. During the swing, the swing part 17 will generate a rapid reciprocating swing.

[0058] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An online monitoring and adaptive heat treatment device for intelligent manufacturing CNC cutting tools, characterized in that, Includes a heating box (2), a lifting drive mechanism, a tool clamping assembly, and an adaptive heat shield assembly; The bottom of the heating box (2) is provided with an installation port (4), and the lifting drive mechanism is used to drive the tool clamping assembly to lift so that the tool (15) enters or leaves the heating box (2). The tool clamping assembly is used to fix the tool (15) and drive it to rotate; The adaptive heat shield assembly is disposed on the tool clamping assembly and located on the outer periphery of the cutting part of the tool (15); the adaptive heat shield assembly is configured to automatically deform according to the change of ambient temperature to change the degree of enclosure of the cutting part of the tool (15), thereby adjusting the heating and cooling rate of the cutting part of the tool (15).

2. The online monitoring and adaptive heat treatment device for intelligent manufacturing CNC cutting tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting drive mechanism includes a base plate (9), a ball screw (5), a screw nut (7), and a geared motor (8). The ball screw (5) is vertically rotatably connected between the base plate (9) and the bottom of the heating box (2); The lead screw nut (7) is fitted onto the ball screw (5) and connected to the tool clamping assembly; The geared motor (8) is used to drive the ball screw (5) to rotate, thereby driving the tool clamping assembly to rise and fall.

3. The online monitoring and adaptive heat treatment device for intelligent manufacturing CNC cutting tools according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tool clamping assembly includes a lifting plate (11), a sealing part (12), a support shaft (27), a rotating arm (20), and a servo motor (10). The lifting plate (11) is connected to the lead screw nut (7), and the top of the lifting plate (11) is connected to a sealing part (12) for sealing the mounting port (4). The supporting shaft (27) is rotatably connected to the sealing part (12), and its top end extends out of the sealing part (12) and is connected to a plurality of the rotating arms (20). The servo motor (10) is used to drive the support shaft (27) to rotate.

4. The online monitoring and adaptive heat treatment device for intelligent manufacturing CNC cutting tools according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotating arm (20) is rotatably connected to a swing part (17) at one end away from the supporting shaft (27), and the adaptive heat shield assembly includes a telescopic part (16). The telescopic part (16) is connected to the upper end of the swing part (17), and the telescopic part (16) encloses and forms a placement space for placing the knife (15); The telescopic part (16) is configured to produce telescopic deformation and change the area surrounding the cutting part of the tool (15) when subjected to axial force.

5. The online monitoring and adaptive heat treatment device for intelligent manufacturing CNC cutting tools according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adaptive heat shield assembly also includes a thermal actuation drive unit, which is connected to the telescopic part (16) for driving the telescopic part (16) to deform according to temperature changes.

6. The online monitoring and adaptive heat treatment device for intelligent manufacturing CNC cutting tools according to claim 5, characterized in that, The thermally actuated drive unit includes an air storage space, a piston (31), a lifting slide (25), and a floating plate (13). The supporting shaft (27) has a sliding hole inside, and the piston part (31) is provided inside the sliding hole. The piston part (31) and one end of the sliding hole form a sealed gas storage space, which is filled with inert gas. One end of the lifting slide column (25) is connected to the piston part (31), and the other end passes through the sliding hole and is connected to the floating plate (13); The upper end of the telescopic part (16) is connected to a tension frame (14), and the floating plate (13) can press against the tension frame (14), so that the tension frame (14) drives the telescopic part (16) to compress and deform to surround the tool (15).

7. The online monitoring and adaptive heat treatment device for intelligent manufacturing CNC cutting tools according to claim 6, characterized in that, The adaptive heat shield assembly also includes a reset spring (30), which is disposed in the sliding hole of the support shaft (27) and its two ends elastically abut against the piston part (31) and the bottom wall of the sliding hole, respectively, for driving the telescopic part (16) to return to the initial state when the temperature decreases.

8. The online monitoring and adaptive heat treatment device for intelligent manufacturing CNC cutting tools according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a swing trigger mechanism, which is located below the swing part (17) and is used to drive the swing part (17) to swing back and forth around its rotation axis when the support shaft (27) rotates.

9. The online monitoring and adaptive heat treatment device for intelligent manufacturing CNC cutting tools according to claim 8, characterized in that, The swing triggering mechanism includes a fixed ring (19), a protrusion (23) and a roller (22); The fixing ring (19) is fixed inside the sealing part (12); The protrusion (23) is disposed on the periphery of the fixing ring (19), and the side of the protrusion (23) that contacts the roller (22) is inclined. The roller (22) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the swing part (17), and rolls on the fixed ring (19) and the protrusion (23) as the support shaft (27) rotates, thereby driving the swing part (17) to swing.

10. The online monitoring and adaptive heat treatment device for intelligent manufacturing CNC cutting tools according to claim 8, characterized in that, The swing part (17) and the rotating arm (20) are rotatably connected by a pivot (28), and a spiral spring (29) is sleeved on the pivot (28). The spiral spring (29) is used to drive the swing part (17) to reset.

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