Prefabricated column segments with swayable and sliding vertical overlapping layers and construction methods

Abstract

This invention relates to a prefabricated column segment with a vertically stacked, swingable, sliding interlayer, comprising load-bearing segments, flexible polyurea rings, load-bearing ellipsoidal cores, and enclosures. Multiple load-bearing segments are vertically stacked and interlocked. Load-bearing ellipsoidal cores are positioned between adjacent segments, and flexible polyurea rings are placed outside the ellipsoidal cores. The enclosures enclose the spaces between the upper and lower load-bearing segments. This invention allows for a certain degree of horizontal shear displacement and vertical opening and closing behavior at the segments, enabling multi-layered swinging and sliding mixed motion in the prefabricated column. This enhances the column's deformation capacity. The friction of the contact surfaces of the multiple vertically stacked rings dissipates a large amount of energy, transforming concentrated, irreversible damage into distributed, controllable, and recoverable displacement. Damage occurs in replaceable components, while the main concrete segment remains elastic and undamaged. After an earthquake, replacing specific components allows the structure to return to its original position and function, improving the post-earthquake functional recoverability of the prefabricated column and enhancing its seismic toughness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to structural vibration reduction and isolation, and more specifically, to a prefabricated column segment containing a swayable and sliding vertically stacked interlayer. Background Technology

[0002] In traditional civil engineering structures such as bridges and buildings, vertical load-bearing components are typically constructed using cast-in-place concrete or precast methods. While these structures perform excellently under vertical loads, they face significant challenges when resisting strong horizontal loads such as earthquakes. Traditional seismic design allows structures to enter an inelastic state under strong earthquakes, dissipating seismic energy by forming plastic hinges. This can lead to severe damage to structural components and irreversible permanent deformation. After an earthquake, the structure often suffers from excessive residual deformation, making repair extremely difficult and costly, sometimes even requiring demolition and reconstruction. The emergence of prefabricated structures has effectively alleviated the pain point of slow construction in modern engineering projects. However, the current seismic design philosophy for prefabricated structures is similar to that of traditional cast-in-place structures, relying on the yielding of steel reinforcement in connection areas to dissipate energy—essentially a "cast-in-place" structural form. This results in stress concentration at segmental connection interfaces, making damage to these critical areas equally difficult to detect and repair.

[0003] On the other hand, as lifeline engineering projects, bridges must continue to play a vital role in post-earthquake rescue and relief efforts, and therefore, while improving their seismic performance, they should also possess the characteristics of rapid replacement and repair. Currently, technologies for preventing structural damage and post-earthquake repair are not yet fully mature, and there are few reports on prefabricated structures using flexible "non-equal cast-in-place" structural forms; related research is mostly limited to laboratory segments. Furthermore, the normal use of bridges also necessitates the replacement of key components and segments; therefore, the design of energy-consuming components and segments incorporating high-performance materials should prioritize replaceability.

[0004] In summary, existing prefabricated bridges only utilize their rapid construction efficiency without conducting additional research and development on "non-equal cast-in-place" prefabricated structural systems. This results in limited application of flexible prefabricated bridges with good seismic toughness, and traditional prefabricated structures have low seismic toughness and poor replaceability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a prefabricated column segment with a swayable and sliding vertically stacked sandwich layer and a construction method thereof, which improves the deformation capacity of the column, dissipates a large amount of energy by utilizing the friction of the contact ring surface of multiple vertically stacked segments, improves the post-earthquake functional recoverability of the prefabricated column, and effectively enhances the seismic toughness of the structure.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: constructing a prefabricated column segment with a swayable and sliding vertically stacked interlayer, including a load-bearing segment, a flexible polyurea stacked ring, a load-bearing ellipsoidal core and a enclosure. The load-bearing segments are multiple and stacked vertically. A load-bearing ellipsoidal core is provided between adjacent load-bearing segments. A flexible polyurea stacked ring is provided outside the load-bearing ellipsoidal core. The enclosure is wrapped between the upper and lower load-bearing segments.

[0007] According to the above scheme, the load-bearing segment is a reinforced concrete structure, and is a cube-shaped earthen square segment.

[0008] According to the above scheme, an ellipsoidal core base is provided longitudinally and symmetrically inwardly at the center of the top and bottom of the load-bearing segment, and prestressed ducts are provided longitudinally at the four square corners of the load-bearing segment.

[0009] According to the above scheme, the load-bearing ellipsoidal core is a steel sphere, and its lateral shape is an ellipse that protrudes vertically.

[0010] According to the above scheme, the upper half of the load-bearing ellipsoid core is attached to the ellipsoid core base located at the bottom of the upper load-bearing segment, and the lower half of the load-bearing ellipsoid core is attached to the ellipsoid core base located at the top of the lower load-bearing segment.

[0011] According to the above scheme, the flexible polyurea stack includes a continuously arranged core polyurea ring, an interlayer polyurea ring, and an outer ring buckle. The core polyurea ring is attached to the surface of the load-bearing ellipsoid core, the interlayer polyurea ring is disposed on the surface of the core polyurea ring, and the outer ring buckle is disposed on the outer surface of the interlayer polyurea ring.

[0012] According to the above scheme, the core-attached polyurea ring is closely attached to the outer surface of the load-bearing ellipsoid core, the core-attached polyurea ring is wrapped around the major semi-axis of the load-bearing ellipsoid core, the interlayer polyurea ring is multi-layered and continuously wound on the outer surface of the core-attached polyurea ring, and the outer ring buckle is set on the surface of the outermost interlayer polyurea ring.

[0013] According to the above scheme, the core-attached polyurea ring and the interlayer polyurea ring are made of composite polyurea material, and the outer ring buckle is made of stainless steel.

[0014] According to the above plan, the enclosure adopts a steel structure.

[0015] This invention also provides a construction method for a prefabricated column segment containing a swayable and sliding vertically stacked interlayer, comprising the following steps: S1. After the foundation concrete is poured and reaches the design strength, install a swingable and sliding vertical stacked interlayer on the completed foundation concrete. S2. Install precast concrete segments section by section on the vertically stacked interlayer that can be swayed and slidable. S3. Vertically stacked interlayers that can swing and slide are set between adjacent precast concrete segments to form an integrated assembly system. S4. After all precast concrete segments and mezzanine layers are installed, the prestressed tendons are tensioned to reliably connect the segments and form an integral load-bearing structure, thus completing the construction and installation.

[0016] The prefabricated column segment containing a swayable and sliding vertically stacked interlayer of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The segments of the present invention are made by stacking high-energy-absorbing polyurea rings around the outside of the central ellipsoidal core, which can release shear and rocking degrees of freedom to a certain extent and greatly improve the segment deformation and its energy consumption and reset performance. 2. The segmental components of the present invention can be installed accordingly without any "wet" work and without waiting. The on-site lifting and assembly requirements are low, and the assembly and construction efficiency is high. 3. The segments of this invention utilize the outermost ring to provide fastening force. The inner polyurea ring can be directly replaced by disassembling the enclosure and the ring. It can be conveniently and quickly replaced after normal use aging and extreme earthquake damage. 4. This invention, through segmental structural design, integrates polyurea energy-absorbing materials and introduces a multi-layered stacked structure, aiming to promote flexible energy-dissipating segmental design, comprehensively solve the problems of insufficient seismic toughness and low construction efficiency of bridge structures, while ensuring the replaceability of the new type of column, providing a novel solution for the seismic safety and rapid construction of bridges. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the prefabricated column segment of the present invention, which includes a swingable and sliding vertically stacked interlayer. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hollow structure of the assembled column segment containing a swayable and sliding vertically stacked interlayer of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembly of the adjacent segment structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the load-bearing segment and auxiliary parts of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible polyurea stacked ring, the load-bearing ellipsoidal core, and its auxiliary parts of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Load-bearing segment; 2. Flexible polyurea stacked ring; 3. Load-bearing ellipsoidal core; 4. Enclosure; 101. Prestressed duct; 102. Ellipsoidal core base; 201. Core-attached polyurea ring; 202. Interlayer polyurea ring; 203. Outer ring buckle. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the prefabricated column segment of the present invention, which includes a swayable and sliding vertically stacked interlayer, comprises a load-bearing segment 1, a flexible polyurea stacked ring 2, a load-bearing ellipsoidal core 3, and a enclosure 4. The load-bearing segments 1 are multiple and vertically stacked on top of each other. A load-bearing ellipsoidal core 3 is provided between adjacent load-bearing segments 1. A flexible polyurea stacked ring 2 is provided outside the load-bearing ellipsoidal core 3. The enclosure 4 is wrapped between the upper and lower load-bearing segments 1.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the load-bearing segment 1 is a reinforced concrete structure, specifically a cubic square segment. An ellipsoidal core base 102 is longitudinally and symmetrically recessed inward at the center of the top and bottom of the load-bearing segment 1, and prestressing ducts 101 are longitudinally arranged at the four corners of the square segment 1. The load-bearing segment 1 is a reinforced concrete square segment with a side length of 2000mm. An ellipsoidal core base 102 with a diameter of 400mm is recessed inward at the center, and four prestressing ducts 101 with a diameter of 100mm are provided at the four corners of the square segment, providing installation space for vertically securing the prestressing tendons.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the load-bearing ellipsoidal core 3 is a steel sphere with an elliptical shape that protrudes vertically. The upper half of the load-bearing ellipsoidal core 3 is fitted with the ellipsoidal core base 102 located at the bottom of the upper load-bearing segment 1, and the lower half of the load-bearing ellipsoidal core 3 is fitted with the ellipsoidal core base 102 located at the top of the lower load-bearing segment 1. The flexible polyurea stacked ring 2 is composed of a core-attached polyurea ring 201, nine interlayer polyurea rings 202, and an outer ring buckle 203, which are tightly stacked from the center outwards. The core-attached polyurea ring 201 and the interlayer polyurea ring 202 are made of 60mm composite polyurea material and have functions such as contact friction energy dissipation, deformation under stress, and elastic recovery deformation after deformation. The outer ring buckle 203 is made of 20mm stainless steel and is equipped with a fastening adjustment device, which can apply horizontal confining pressure to the inner interlayer polyurea ring 202, improve its vertical load-bearing capacity, and facilitate installation and disassembly.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flexible polyurea stack 2 includes a continuously arranged core-attached polyurea ring 201, an interlayer polyurea ring 202, and an outer ring retainer 203. The core-attached polyurea ring 201 is tightly attached to the surface of the load-bearing ellipsoidal core 3, the interlayer polyurea ring 202 is disposed on the surface of the core-attached polyurea ring 201, and the outer ring retainer 203 is disposed on the outer surface of the interlayer polyurea ring 202. The core-attached polyurea ring 201 is tightly attached to the outer surface of the load-bearing ellipsoidal core 3 and surrounds the major semi-axis of the load-bearing ellipsoidal core 3. The interlayer polyurea ring 202 is arranged in multiple layers and continuously wound on the outer surface of the core-attached polyurea ring 201. The outer ring retainer 203 is disposed on the surface of the outermost interlayer polyurea ring 202. The core-attached polyurea ring 201 and the interlayer polyurea ring 202 are made of composite polyurea material, and the outer ring retainer 203 is made of stainless steel. The load-bearing ellipsoidal core 3 is made of high-strength steel. It is a horizontal circle with a diameter of 600mm and an elliptical shape that protrudes vertically. Its upper and lower convex spherical surfaces are closely fitted with the ellipsoidal core base 102 of the load-bearing segment 11, which plays a role in the vertical load-bearing function of the core. The load-bearing ellipsoidal core 3 can rotate relative to the adjacent load-bearing segment 1, which can enhance the deformation capacity between segments under earthquake. The load-bearing ellipsoidal core 3 is in close contact with the core-attached polyurea ring 201. The core-attached polyurea ring 201, the interlayer polyurea ring 202, and the outer ring buckle 203 work together to limit the magnitude of the rotational displacement of the load-bearing ellipsoidal core 3.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the enclosure 4 is wrapped between the upper and lower load-bearing sections 1, mainly serving to block sunlight, prevent debris and moisture, and maintain the aesthetic appearance of the facade; the height of the enclosure 4 is determined based on the height of the polyurea ring in the actual project; the main function of this structure is to effectively prevent external moisture, dust and other impurities from entering the construction area, so as to reduce the adverse effects of the external environment on the construction quality.

[0024] This invention also provides a construction method for prefabricated column segments containing swayable and sliding vertically stacked interlayers. In actual construction, the bridge structure adopts a segmental assembly method, with installation completed sequentially from bottom to top. First, after the foundation concrete is poured and reaches its design strength, a swayable and sliding vertically stacked interlayer is installed on it. Subsequently, precast concrete segments are installed one by one on this interlayer. Swayable and sliding vertically stacked interlayers are set between each adjacent precast concrete segment to form an integrated assembly system. After all precast concrete segments and interlayers are installed, the prestressing tendons are tensioned to reliably connect the segments and form an integrated load-bearing structure, ultimately completing the construction and installation of the entire device.

[0025] The effective process of this invention is as follows: When an earthquake occurs, the massive seismic displacement will cause the horizontal position of the column's overlying structure to shift relative to the ground surface, resulting in horizontal misalignment of adjacent load-bearing segments 1. Due to the spherical shape of the load-bearing ellipsoid 3, it will rotate on its own axis along with the misalignment of adjacent load-bearing segments 1. Its equivalent horizontal friction coefficient is extremely low, which can release the overall horizontal deformation capacity of the column in the initial stage of seismic displacement, improving the overall seismic isolation performance of the column. As the seismic displacement continues to expand, the rotation of the load-bearing ellipsoid 3 causes the vertical spacing between adjacent load-bearing segments 1 to increase. The prestressing constraint will inhibit the continued rotation of the load-bearing ellipsoid 3. At the same time, the rotation of the load-bearing ellipsoid 3 will compress the outer flexible polyurea stack 2, and the horizontal restraint of the flexible polyurea stack 2 will also inhibit the continued rotation of the load-bearing ellipsoid 3, thus ensuring that the rotation of the load-bearing ellipsoid 3 is controlled within a reasonable range.

[0026] Meanwhile, during an earthquake, the reciprocating horizontal displacement of adjacent load-bearing segments 1 causes lateral extrusion and bidirectional bending deformation of the intermediate flexible polyurea stack 2. These reciprocating deformations promote mutual friction between the tightly fitted interlayer polyurea rings 202, thus dissipating a large amount of energy. The flexible polyurea stack 2 itself is made of composite polyurea material, which inherently possesses impact-absorbing properties and can also dissipate the impact energy from the reciprocating vertical compression of adjacent load-bearing segments 1.

[0027] After an earthquake, or after normal use and material aging, the damage to each load-bearing segment 1 is extremely low. However, the flexible polyurea stacked ring 2 and the enclosure 4 may have been damaged. In this case, the enclosure 4 can be removed directly, and the outer ring buckle 203 can be loosened. The core polyurea ring 201 and the interlayer polyurea ring 202 can then be replaced through the gap. Finally, the new outer ring buckle 203 and the enclosure 4 can be tightened and installed to complete the segment replacement operation.

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these forms are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated column segment containing a swayable and sliding vertically stacked interlayer, characterized in that, It includes load-bearing segments, flexible polyurea stacked rings, load-bearing ellipsoidal cores, and enclosures. The load-bearing segments are multiple and stacked vertically. A load-bearing ellipsoidal core is set between adjacent load-bearing segments. A flexible polyurea stacked ring is set outside the load-bearing ellipsoidal core. The enclosures are wrapped between the upper and lower load-bearing segments.

2. The prefabricated column segment with a swayable and sliding vertically stacked interlayer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The load-bearing segment is a reinforced concrete structure and is a cube-shaped earthen square segment.

3. The prefabricated column segment with a swayable and sliding vertically stacked interlayer as described in claim 2, characterized in that, An ellipsoidal core base is longitudinally and symmetrically recessed at the center of the top and bottom of the load-bearing segment, and prestressed ducts are longitudinally arranged at the four square corners of the load-bearing segment.

4. The prefabricated column segment with a swayable and sliding vertically stacked interlayer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The load-bearing ellipsoidal core is a steel sphere, and its lateral shape is an ellipse that protrudes vertically.

5. The prefabricated column segment with a swayable and sliding vertically stacked interlayer as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The upper half of the load-bearing ellipsoid core is attached to the ellipsoid core base located at the bottom of the upper load-bearing segment, and the lower half of the load-bearing ellipsoid core is attached to the ellipsoid core base located at the top of the lower load-bearing segment.

6. The prefabricated column segment with a swayable and sliding vertically stacked interlayer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible polyurea stack includes a continuously arranged core polyurea ring, an interlayer polyurea ring, and an outer ring buckle. The core polyurea ring is attached to the surface of the load-bearing ellipsoid core, the interlayer polyurea ring is disposed on the surface of the core polyurea ring, and the outer ring buckle is disposed on the outer surface of the interlayer polyurea ring.

7. The prefabricated column segment with a swayable and sliding vertically stacked interlayer as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The core-attached polyurea ring is closely attached to the outer surface of the load-bearing ellipsoid core. The core-attached polyurea ring is wrapped around the major semi-axis of the load-bearing ellipsoid core. The interlayer polyurea ring is multi-layered and continuously wound on the outer surface of the core-attached polyurea ring. The outer ring buckle is set on the surface of the outermost interlayer polyurea ring.

8. The prefabricated column segment with a swayable and sliding vertically stacked interlayer as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The core-attached polyurea ring and the interlayer polyurea ring are made of composite polyurea material, and the outer ring buckle is made of stainless steel.

9. The prefabricated column segment with a swayable and sliding vertically stacked interlayer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The enclosure is made of steel.

10. A construction method for a prefabricated column segment containing a swayable and sliding vertically stacked interlayer, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. After the foundation concrete is poured and reaches the design strength, install a swingable and sliding vertical stacked interlayer on the completed foundation concrete. S2. Install precast concrete segments section by section on the vertically stacked interlayer that can be swayed and slidable. S3. Vertically stacked interlayers that can swing and slide are set between adjacent precast concrete segments to form an integrated assembly system. S4. After all precast concrete segments and mezzanine layers are installed, the prestressed tendons are tensioned to reliably connect the segments and form an integral load-bearing structure, thus completing the construction and installation.

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