A bionic hierarchical energy-absorbing arresting block for an aircraft forced landing arresting bed

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of energy-absorbing materials technology and discloses a biomimetic graded energy-absorbing arresting block for aircraft emergency landing arresting beds. The arresting block includes a top protective layer, a buffer transition layer, a main energy-absorbing layer, a lateral wrapping constraint layer, and a bottom support layer. The main energy-absorbing layer is composed of multiple cylindrical arresting units arranged in an array. Each unit, from the outside in, sequentially incorporates a biomimetic cuttlebone structure, a bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure, a tetralobed capsule radial structure, and a central torsional energy-dissipating structure. This invention achieves a multi-level energy absorption mechanism through the synergy of multiple biomimetic structures: outer layer meshing and limiting, middle layer progressive energy absorption, zoned constraint support, and central stable platform energy dissipation, forming a continuous energy absorption process of "peak shaving—graded energy absorption—transitional support—delayed densification." Compared with the sum of the energy absorption of individual structures, the energy absorption synergy of the complete cylindrical arresting unit achieves a 19.5% increase, exhibiting advantages such as a stable crushing process, a long energy absorption platform, good overall stability, and strong engineering adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of energy-absorbing materials technology, and in particular relates to a biomimetic graded energy-absorbing arresting block for aircraft emergency landing arresting beds. Background Technology

[0002] In cases of aborted takeoff, insufficient landing distance, brake failure, slippery pavement, or other abnormal conditions, an aircraft may overrun the runway. To reduce the damage caused by an aircraft overrunning the runway, arresting blocks are typically installed at the runway end. These blocks collapse in a controlled manner under the load of the aircraft's wheels to absorb the aircraft's kinetic energy and achieve rapid deceleration.

[0003] Existing barrier blocks are mostly made of homogeneous or quasi-homogeneous crushable materials. Although they can meet the basic barrier requirements, they still have the following shortcomings: First, traditional barrier blocks mostly rely on the overall crushing of the material or the collapse of local pores to dissipate energy, lacking multi-stage and multi-level force transmission and energy absorption paths, resulting in an unstable crushing process. Secondly, adjacent barrier blocks are usually laid in a simple side-by-side manner, which can easily lead to edge separation, misalignment or local instability after being loaded, which is not conducive to the overall stable operation of the barrier bed. Third, some structures have excessive initial stiffness, which can easily generate high impact peaks; some structures also enter densification too quickly due to a short plateau phase, making it difficult to continuously absorb energy during a long stopping stroke. Fourth, existing barrier blocks often lack a division of labor design for outer layer limiting, middle layer main energy absorption, node support and central stable platform energy absorption, which cannot give full play to the synergistic effect of multi-level structures.

[0004] Biological structures in nature exhibit distinct hierarchical optimization characteristics. For example, cuttlefish bones possess corrugated septa and layered stable support features; bamboo joints and lotus roots feature segmented reinforcement and hollow channels; the radial structure mimicking a four-lobed capsule provides synergistic support; and the central torsional energy-dissipating structure exhibits torsional energy dissipation characteristics. Introducing these biomimetic mechanisms into aircraft arresting blocks could potentially construct a hierarchical arresting structure with outer layer engagement and restraint, middle layer progressive energy absorption, segmented cavity transition support, and central stable energy dissipation, thereby improving the overall arresting performance of the arresting block. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a novel multi-biomimetic hierarchical energy-absorbing arresting block to address the aforementioned problems in existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biomimetic graded energy-absorbing arresting block for aircraft emergency landing arresting beds, in order to solve the technical problems of existing arresting blocks having a single crushing path, insufficient inter-module meshing, short energy-absorbing platform, and premature densification in the central region.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the specific technical solution of the present invention for a biomimetic graded energy-absorbing arresting block for aircraft emergency landing is as follows: A biomimetic graded energy-absorbing arresting block for aircraft emergency landing includes a top protective layer, a buffer transition layer, a main energy-absorbing layer, a lateral wrapping constraint layer, and a bottom support layer. The main energy-absorbing layer includes multiple cylindrical arresting units arranged in an array. Each cylindrical arresting unit has, from the outside to the inside, a biomimetic cuttlebone structure, a bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure, a tetralobed capsule radial structure, and a central torsional energy-dissipating structure. The biomimetic cuttlebone structure is used to flatten, bend, and buckle locally in the initial stage of pressure to absorb the initial impact energy and induce gradual crushing from the outside to the inside. The bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure is used to achieve progressive energy absorption in the middle layer through edge bending, panel buckling, and the formation of multiple plastic hinges during the compression process. The simulated four-lobed capsule radial structure is used to locally strengthen the biomimetic cuttlebone structure, provide transitional support and restraint for the central torsional energy-dissipating structure, and suppress instability concentration at the junction of the middle and inner layers. The central torsional energy-dissipating structure is used to provide compliant support in the early stages of compression, and to extend the energy-absorbing platform and delay densification in the middle and later stages through compression and torsional energy dissipation.

[0007] Furthermore, the biomimetic cuttlebone structure is a ring-shaped corrugated meshing structure used for in-plane limiting meshing between adjacent cylindrical blocking units.

[0008] Furthermore, the bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure is formed by the periodic stacking of multiple hollow hexahedral or near-hexahedral biomimetic single cells, and is positioned between the biomimetic cuttlebone structure and the radial structure of the biomimetic four-lobed capsule.

[0009] Furthermore, the simulated four-lobed capsule radial structure is a star-shaped apical support and partitioned constraint structure, set between the bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure and the central torsional energy dissipation structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the central torsional energy-dissipating structure consists of multiple hollow spiral bundles arranged spirally around the central axis and fixed on the upper and lower circular disc-shaped structures.

[0011] Furthermore, the top protective layer is made of high-density polyethylene, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, glass fiber reinforced polypropylene board, weather-resistant elastomer board, or thin-layer fiber reinforced composite board, with a thickness of 2–12 mm; the buffer transition layer is made of EVA foam, cross-linked polyethylene foam, microporous polyurethane foam, or rubber-plastic buffer pad, with a thickness of 5–40 mm and a density of 30–200 kg / m³. 3The lateral wrapping constraint layer is made of nylon mesh, polyester mesh, fiberglass mesh, basalt fiber mesh, geotextile or thermoplastic wrapping film, with a thickness of 0.2 to 3 mm; the bottom support layer is made of high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, fiberglass reinforced composite material or lightweight aluminum alloy, with a thickness of 5 to 25 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the apparent density of the main energy-absorbing layer is 100–900 kg / m³. 3 The compressive strength is 0.2–8 MPa; the biomimetic cuttlebone structure is made of fiber-reinforced lightweight cement-based composite material, polypropylene, polyamide, glass fiber-reinforced foamed composite material, or basalt fiber-reinforced composite material, with a wall thickness of 1–8 mm; the bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure is made of fiber-reinforced lightweight cement-based composite material, polyamide, ABS, PEEK, polypropylene, or their foamed composite material, with a wall thickness of 1–8 mm and a density of 200–1000 kg / m³. 3 The simulated four-lobed capsule radial structure is made of glass fiber reinforced polymer, basalt fiber reinforced composite material, fiber reinforced cement-based composite material, or lightweight thermoplastic composite material, with a wall thickness of 1–6 mm; the central torsional energy dissipation structure is made of hollow polymer thin-walled tube, low-density composite tube, polyurethane foam composite tube, or lightweight fiber-reinforced thin-walled tube, with a density of 80–600 kg / m³. 3 The wall thickness is 0.5–3 mm, and the helix angle is 5°–30°.

[0013] Furthermore, multiple arresting blocks are laid in a matrix along the runway ends to form an overall stable arresting bed for aircraft forced landing.

[0014] Furthermore, the number of hollow spiral bundles in the central torsional energy-dissipating structure is four, five, or six, with each member twisted in the same direction.

[0015] Furthermore, during the compression process, the barrier block sequentially undergoes outer corrugated buckling, middle hexahedral progressive collapse, star-shaped outer wall support and partitioned constraint, and central spiral structure stabilization and energy absorption, forming a continuous energy absorption process of "peak shaving - graded energy absorption - transitional support - delayed densification".

[0016] The biomimetic graded energy-absorbing arresting block for aircraft emergency landing arresting beds of the present invention has the following advantages: 1. This invention constructs a multi-level biomimetic energy absorption system with sequentially hierarchical functions from the outside in. By sequentially setting a biomimetic cuttlebone structure, a bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure, a four-lobed capsule radial structure, and a central torsional energy dissipation structure in the main energy absorption layer, the barrier block forms a multi-level synergistic structure with outer layer limiting engagement, middle layer progressive energy absorption, partitioned cavity constraint and star-shaped top support, and central stable platform energy dissipation, thereby avoiding the problem of a single crushing path in traditional single energy absorption materials.

[0017] 2. This invention can improve the overall stability of the barrier block array after it is laid. The biomimetic cuttlebone structure is set on the outermost periphery of the barrier block, and its corrugated edge can make adjacent cylindrical barrier units mesh with each other. This not only enhances the in-plane connection between units, but also effectively suppresses the lateral dispersion, misalignment and local separation of the barrier blocks during loading, thereby improving the overall working stability of the barrier bed.

[0018] 3. This invention can achieve a longer platform energy absorption stage. The bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure provides the middle layer of main energy absorption through the edge bending of the polyhedral thin-walled unit cell, the buckling of the panel, and the gradual collapse of the hollow cavity; the central torsional energy dissipation structure continues to maintain a stable energy absorption platform in the middle and later stages through the compression and torsion of the central helical rod, thereby extending the effective blocking stroke of the blocking block.

[0019] 4. This invention can improve the stability and controllability of the stop block crushing process. The radial structure of the pseudo-quadruped capsule is located between the outer and central layers. Through the star-shaped apex support and partitioned constraints, it provides constraints on the inner side and transitional support on the outer side of 304 stainless steel. This helps to suppress local instability concentration and disordered crack propagation, allowing the crushing process to proceed gradually from the outside to the inside, thereby improving the stability and predictability of the stop block crushing response.

[0020] 5. This invention can achieve synergistic effects of multiple energy absorption mechanisms. When the aircraft wheels press into the arresting block, the structure sequentially undergoes multiple stages, including top buffering, outer corrugated buckling, progressive collapse of the middle hexahedral unit cell, star-shaped top support and partitioned constraint, and central spiral compression-torsion energy dissipation. This forms a continuous energy dissipation process of "peak shaving - graded energy absorption - platform stabilization - delayed densification", thereby achieving a comprehensive energy absorption effect superior to that of a single biomimetic structure used alone.

[0021] 6. This invention balances high-efficiency energy absorption with engineering adaptability. By setting up a top protective layer, a buffer transition layer, a lateral wrapping constraint layer, and a bottom support layer, this invention not only meets the energy absorption performance requirements of aircraft emergency landing arresting beds, but also takes into account engineering application needs such as surface protection, module transportation, replacement and maintenance, and overall installation.

[0022] 7. This invention has good structural designability and application scalability. The size, wall thickness, material type, arrangement and helix angle of the four biomimetic structures can all be adjusted according to different airport runway conditions, target aircraft types and arresting distance requirements, thus having strong engineering adaptability and promotional value. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the blocking block of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three rows and four columns of meshing arrangement of the cylindrical blocking unit of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a single cylindrical barrier unit; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure and its array.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the radial structure of a four-lobed capsule.

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a torsional energy-consuming structure centered on the torsion point. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of this invention, the following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, provides an incorporation of a biomimetic graded energy-absorbing arresting block for aircraft emergency landing.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention discloses a multi-biomimetic graded energy-absorbing arresting block for an aircraft emergency landing arresting bed, comprising a top protective layer 1, a buffer transition layer 2, a main energy-absorbing layer 3, a lateral wrapping constraint layer 4, and a bottom support layer 5. The main energy-absorbing layer 3 is the main energy-absorbing part, the buffer transition layer 2 is disposed above the main energy-absorbing layer 3, the top protective layer 1 is disposed above the buffer transition layer 2, the lateral wrapping constraint layer 4 is disposed on the outer periphery of the main energy-absorbing layer 3, and the bottom support layer 5 is disposed at the bottom of the main energy-absorbing layer 3. The top protective layer 1, the buffer transition layer 2, the lateral wrapping constraint layer 4, and the bottom support layer 5 provide buffer protection and constraint for the main energy-absorbing layer 3. Multiple arresting blocks can be laid in a matrix along the runway end to form an aircraft emergency landing arresting bed.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the main energy-absorbing layer 3 includes multiple cylindrical blocking units, which are arranged in an array to form a multi-biomimetic hierarchical energy-absorbing system of blocking blocks. Each cylindrical blocking unit, viewed from top to bottom, is arranged as follows: a biomimetic cuttlebone structure 301, a bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure 302, a tetralobed capsule radial structure 303, and a central torsional energy-dissipating structure 304. Adjacent cylindrical blocking units are connected in-plane by the corrugated interlocking edges of the biomimetic cuttlebone structure 301.

[0029] The biomimetic cuttlebone structure 301 is located on the outermost side of the main energy-absorbing layer 3 and is a ring-shaped corrugated interlocking structure. This structure can be constructed using curved thin-walled units inspired by cuttlebone, preferably with continuously undulating corrugated outer edges. Adjacent blocking block units interlock with each other through the corrugated edges, making it difficult for the blocking blocks to separate laterally under pressure.

[0030] The biomimetic cuttlebone structure 301 primarily functions as follows: First, it enables adjacent cylindrical barrier units to mesh in the plane, enhancing the overall stability after array deployment. Second, it absorbs initial impact energy during the initial crushing phase through the flattening, bending, and local buckling of the corrugated edges. Third, it provides peripheral restraint to the star-shaped structure in the 303-shaped tetrafibrilla radial structure, preventing the main structure from laterally spreading. Fourth, it induces the barrier blocks to gradually crush from the outside in, improving the overall crushing pattern. Therefore, the essential function of the biomimetic cuttlebone structure 301 is: outer layer meshing restraint and initial buffering energy absorption. In the initial loading phase, the biomimetic cuttlebone structure 301 preferentially undergoes local buckling and corrugated flattening to achieve peak reduction and buffering.

[0031] The bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure 302 is disposed within the biomimetic cuttlebone structure 301 and arranged in an array within the partition formed between the radial structures of the four-lobed capsule 303, serving as the intermediate main energy-absorbing structure in the main energy-absorbing layer 3. This structure is formed by the periodic stacking of multiple hollow hexahedral or near-hexahedral biomimetic unit cells, each unit cell exhibiting distinct multi-edged edges, multi-panel surfaces, and hollow cavities. This structure is biomimetic to the segmented reinforcement characteristics of bamboo joints and the hollow pore characteristics of lotus roots. Preferably, the unit cells can be thin-walled polyhedra, with multiple unit cells tightly stacked to form the central hollow main energy-absorbing region. Its main functions include: achieving progressive energy absorption in the central layer through edge bending, panel buckling, and the formation of multiple plastic hinges during compression; delaying overall densification through the hollow cavity and polyhedral geometry; improving the overall synergy and stability of the central structure through periodic stacking; and forming a relatively long plateau energy absorption stage under loads transmitted from the outer layer. Therefore, the essential function of the bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure 302 is: primary energy absorption in the middle layer and hierarchical layer-by-layer collapse transfer. During axial compression, the individual cells in the bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure 302 form a progressive energy absorption process through multi-faceted bending, panel buckling, and hollow cavity collapse, thereby providing the main energy absorption contribution in the middle layer of the barrier block.

[0032] The simulated four-lobed capsule radial structure 303 is disposed inside the biomimetic cuttlebone structure 301. It can employ a star-shaped apex support and zoned constraint form to provide constraint for the bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure 302 and support for the biomimetic cuttlebone structure 301. This structure primarily functions to: locally strengthen the biomimetic cuttlebone structure 301; provide transitional support and local restraint for the central torsional energy-dissipating structure 304; form a bridging force transmission path between the middle and central layers; and delay premature instability and local compaction in the central region under high loads. When the bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure 302 undergoes continuous collapse, the simulated four-lobed capsule radial structure 303 can effectively suppress local instability concentration at the junction of the middle and inner layers, delaying premature compaction in the central region. Therefore, the essential function of the simulated four-lobed capsule radial structure 303 is: zoned constraint and transitional stable support.

[0033] The central torsional energy-dissipating structure 304 is located in the central region of the main energy-absorbing layer 3 and is the core energy-absorbing structure of the main energy-absorbing layer 3. This structure consists of four hollow spiral bundles arranged spirally around a central axis and fixed to three identical circular disc-shaped structures at the top, middle, and bottom. Preferably, the hollow spiral bundles can be composed of four, five, or six hollow elastic rods, each rod twisted in the same direction. The main functions of this structure include: providing compliant support in the initial stage of compression to reduce instantaneous stress concentration in the central area; dissipating energy through compression and torsion of the hollow spiral bundles in the middle and later stages; extending the energy absorption stage of the barrier block platform; and providing continuous blocking capability in the densification stage. During compression, the central torsional energy-dissipating structure 304 initially exhibits compliant support; as compression progresses, compression and torsion energy dissipation occur between the rods, thereby maintaining a relatively long energy-absorbing platform in the middle and later stages and gradually entering densification in the final stage. Therefore, the essential function of the central torsional energy-dissipating structure 304 is: central platform stabilization and energy absorption, and later densification control.

[0034] This invention does not simply stack multiple biomimetic structures, but rather enables each structure to perform functions at different stages, forming a collaborative energy absorption mechanism.

[0035] The synergistic effect of the biomimetic cuttlebone structure 301, the bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure 302, and the tetralobed capsule radial structure 303 lies in the fact that the biomimetic cuttlebone structure 301 first engages and limits adjacent cylindrical barrier units, weakening the impact peak in the initial stage; the bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure 302 then undertakes the main energy absorption task in the middle layer, realizing the progressive collapse of the polyhedron. After the two work together, a synergistic mechanism can be formed in which the outer layer stabilizes and induces the main energy absorption in the middle layer. The bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure 302 provides most of the middle layer energy absorption, but its inner cavity area is prone to collapse and deformation, leading to compaction. The tetralobed capsule radial structure 303, through the synergistic effect of supporting the octagonal outer wall and zonal constraint, locally reinforces the internal cuttlebone biomimetic corrugated plate, thereby improving the stability at the junction of the middle and inner layers.

[0036] The synergistic effect of the simulated four-lobed capsule radial structure 303 and the central torsional energy-dissipating structure 304 is that the simulated four-lobed capsule radial structure 303 provides transitional support and restraint for the central torsional energy-dissipating structure 304, preventing the central torsional energy-dissipating structure 304 from prematurely compacting in the initial stage; while the central torsional energy-dissipating structure 304 provides continuous energy absorption through helical compression and torsion in the middle and later stages. Together, they prolong the plateau stage and delay densification.

[0037] In summary, during the compression process, the barrier block undergoes a series of energy absorption processes, including outer corrugated buckling, middle hexahedral progressive collapse, star-shaped outer wall support and zoned constraints, and central spiral structure stabilization. This results in a continuous energy absorption process of "peak shaving - graded energy absorption - transitional support - delayed densification," achieving a comprehensive effect superior to that of a single structure.

[0038] To meet the engineering application requirements of aircraft arresting beds for emergency landings, the preferred materials for each part of this invention are as follows: The top protective layer 1 can be made of high-density polyethylene, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, glass fiber reinforced polypropylene board, weather-resistant elastomer board or thin fiber reinforced composite board, with a thickness preferably of 2 to 12 mm.

[0039] The buffer transition layer 2 can be made of EVA foam, cross-linked polyethylene foam, microporous polyurethane foam, or rubber-plastic cushioning pad, with a preferred thickness of 5–40 mm and a preferred density of 30–200 kg / m³. 3 .

[0040] The main energy-absorbing layer 3 can be made of foamed concrete, honeycomb cement, foamed polymer, lightweight cementitious materials, polyurethane foam composite materials, or mineral-filled polymer composite materials, with an apparent density preferably of 100–900 kg / m³. 3 The preferred compressive strength is 0.2–8 MPa. Specific materials are as follows: The biomimetic cuttlebone structure 301 preferably uses a lightweight thin-walled material with a certain degree of toughness, including fiber-reinforced lightweight cement-based composite material, polypropylene, polyamide, glass fiber-reinforced foamed composite material or basalt fiber-reinforced composite material, and the wall thickness is preferably 1 to 8 mm.

[0041] The bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure 302 preferably uses lightweight, thin-walled, high-energy-absorbing materials, including fiber-reinforced lightweight cement-based composites, polyamide, ABS, PEEK, polypropylene, and their foamed composites. The preferred wall thickness is 1–8 mm, and the preferred density is 200–1000 kg / m³. 3 .

[0042] The radial structure 303, which resembles a four-lobed capsule, preferably uses a support material with a stiffness slightly higher than that of 302, including glass fiber reinforced polymer, basalt fiber reinforced composite material, fiber reinforced cement-based composite material, or lightweight thermoplastic composite material, with a wall thickness preferably of 1 to 6 mm.

[0043] The central torsional energy dissipation structure 304 is preferably made of a hollow rod-shaped material with good flexibility and torsional energy dissipation performance, including hollow polymer thin-walled tubes, low-density composite tubes, polyurethane foam composite tubes, or lightweight fiber-reinforced thin-walled tubes, with a preferred density of 80–600 kg / m³. 3 The wall thickness is preferably 0.5 to 3 mm, the helix angle is preferably 5° to 30°, and the two ends and the middle disc structure can be made of glass fiber reinforced polymer, basalt fiber reinforced composite material, or fiber reinforced cement-based composite material, with a wall thickness preferably 7 to 15 mm.

[0044] The lateral wrapping constraint layer 4 is preferably made of nylon mesh, polyester mesh, fiberglass mesh, basalt fiber mesh, geotextile or thermoplastic wrapping film, and the thickness is preferably 0.2 to 3 mm.

[0045] The bottom support layer 5 is preferably made of high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, glass fiber reinforced composite material or lightweight aluminum alloy, and the thickness is preferably 5 to 25 mm.

[0046] The energy absorption data of the main energy-absorbing layer 3, obtained through simulation, showing the collapse of each biomimetic structure individually and the collapse of the overall multi-stage biomimetic energy-absorbing tube, are shown in the table below:

[0047] As shown in the table above, the total energy absorbed by the individual structures is 4.05 kJ, the energy absorbed by the complete cylindrical barrier unit is 4.84 kJ, and the synergistic effect is 19.5%.

[0048] When the aircraft wheels crush the arresting block, the present invention exhibits the following crushing sequence: In the initial contact phase, the top protective layer 1 and the buffer transition layer 2 first undergo local elastic deformation and compression, initially diffusing the load on the aircraft wheels. In the initial buckling phase, the corrugated edges of the biomimetic cuttlebone structure 301 first flatten, bend, and locally buckle, completing the initial peak absorption and maintaining the overall stability of adjacent cylindrical arresting units through meshing. In the progressive collapse phase, the hollow hexahedral unit cells in the bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure 302 begin to undergo edge bending, panel buckling, and multi-plastic hinge folding, forming the middle layer of the arresting block's main energy absorption phase. In the transition support phase, as the bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure 302 continues to collapse, the tetralobed capsule-like radial structure 303, through the synergistic effect of the star-shaped apex supporting the outer wall and the partitioned constraints, provides bridging support to the interlayer and the central layer, maintaining structural stability. During the core energy absorption phase, the central torsional energy dissipation structure 304 begins to dominate the force, and the central helical rod undergoes compression and torsion to dissipate energy, extending the energy absorption platform. During the densification phase, as the central torsional energy dissipation structure 304 gradually compacts, the entire arresting block enters the densification phase, and the resistance rapidly increases, ultimately creating a final blocking effect on the aircraft wheels.

[0049] Through the above-mentioned multi-stage crushing process, the arresting block of the present invention can achieve a stable, continuous and efficient energy absorption arresting effect under the condition of aircraft emergency landing arrest.

[0050] It is understood that the present invention has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Furthermore, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomimetic graded energy-absorbing arresting block for aircraft emergency landing arresting beds, characterized in that, It includes a top protective layer (1), a buffer transition layer (2), a main energy-absorbing layer (3), a lateral wrapping constraint layer (4), and a bottom support layer (5); the main energy-absorbing layer (3) includes multiple cylindrical barrier units arranged in an array, each cylindrical barrier unit having, from the outside to the inside, the following: a biomimetic cuttlebone structure (301), a bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure (302), a tetralobed capsule radial structure (303), and a central torsional energy-dissipating structure (304); the biomimetic cuttlebone structure (301) is used to flatten, bend, and buckle locally in the early stage of pressure to absorb the initial impact energy and induce gradual crushing from the outside to the inside; The bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure (302) is used to achieve progressive energy absorption in the middle layer through edge bending, panel buckling and multi-plastic hinge formation during the compression process; The simulated four-lobed capsule radial structure (303) is used to locally strengthen the biomimetic cuttlebone structure (301), provide transition support and restraint for the central torsional energy dissipation structure (304), and suppress the instability concentration at the junction of the middle and inner layers. The central torsional energy dissipation structure (304) is used to provide compliant support in the early stages of compression, and to extend the energy absorption platform and delay densification in the middle and later stages through compression and torsional energy dissipation.

2. The biomimetic graded energy-absorbing arresting block for aircraft emergency landing arresting beds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biomimetic cuttlebone structure (301) is a ring-shaped corrugated meshing structure used for in-plane limiting meshing between adjacent cylindrical blocking units.

3. The biomimetic graded energy-absorbing arresting block for aircraft emergency landing arresting beds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure (302) is formed by the periodic stacking of multiple hollow hexahedral or near-hexahedral biomimetic single cells and is located between the biomimetic cuttlebone structure (301) and the imitation four-lobed capsule radial structure (303).

4. The biomimetic graded energy-absorbing arresting block for aircraft emergency landing arresting beds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated four-lobed capsule radial structure (303) is a star-shaped apex support and partition constraint structure, set between the bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure (302) and the central torsional energy dissipation structure (304).

5. The biomimetic graded energy-absorbing arresting block for aircraft emergency landing arresting beds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central torsional energy-dissipating structure (304) consists of multiple hollow spiral bundles arranged spirally around the central axis and fixed on the upper and lower circular disc-shaped structures.

6. The biomimetic graded energy-absorbing arresting block for aircraft emergency landing arresting beds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top protective layer (1) is made of high-density polyethylene, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, glass fiber reinforced polypropylene board, weather-resistant elastomer board or thin-layer fiber reinforced composite board, with a thickness of 2-12 mm; the buffer transition layer (2) is made of EVA foam, cross-linked polyethylene foam, microporous polyurethane foam or rubber-plastic buffer pad, with a thickness of 5-40 mm and a density of 30-200 kg / m³. 3 The lateral wrapping constraint layer (4) is made of nylon mesh, polyester mesh, fiberglass mesh, basalt fiber mesh, geotextile or thermoplastic wrapping film, with a thickness of 0.2 to 3 mm; the bottom support layer (5) is made of high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, fiberglass reinforced composite material or lightweight aluminum alloy, with a thickness of 5 to 25 mm.

7. The biomimetic graded energy-absorbing arresting block for aircraft emergency landing arresting beds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The apparent density of the main energy-absorbing layer (3) is 100–900 kg / m³. 3 The compressive strength is 0.2–8 MPa; the biomimetic cuttlebone structure (301) is made of fiber-reinforced lightweight cement-based composite material, polypropylene, polyamide, glass fiber-reinforced foamed composite material or basalt fiber-reinforced composite material, with a wall thickness of 1–8 mm; the bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure (302) is made of fiber-reinforced lightweight cement-based composite material, polyamide, ABS, PEEK, polypropylene or its foamed composite material, with a wall thickness of 1–8 mm and a density of 200–1000 kg / m³. 3 The simulated four-lobed capsule radial structure (303) is made of glass fiber reinforced polymer, basalt fiber reinforced composite material, fiber reinforced cement-based composite material, or lightweight thermoplastic composite material, with a wall thickness of 1–6 mm; the central torsional energy dissipation structure (304) is made of hollow polymer thin-walled tube, low-density composite tube, polyurethane foam composite tube, or lightweight fiber reinforced thin-walled tube, with a density of 80–600 kg / m³. 3 The wall thickness is 0.5–3 mm, and the helix angle is 5°–30°.

8. The biomimetic graded energy-absorbing arresting block for aircraft emergency landing arresting beds according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple arresting blocks are laid in a matrix along the end of the runway to form an overall stable arresting bed for aircraft forced landing.

9. The biomimetic graded energy-absorbing arresting block for aircraft emergency landing arresting beds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of hollow spiral bundles in the central torsional energy dissipation structure (304) is four, five or six, and each member is twisted in the same direction.

10. The biomimetic graded energy-absorbing arresting block for aircraft emergency landing arresting beds according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the compression process, the barrier block undergoes a series of energy absorption processes, including outer corrugated buckling, middle hexahedral progressive collapse, star-shaped outer wall support and zoned constraint, and central spiral structure stabilization and energy absorption. This process is characterized by "peak shaving, graded energy absorption, transitional support, and delayed densification".

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