A photovoltaic power station automatic inspection method and system

Abstract

The application provides a kind of photovoltaic power station automatic inspection method and system, comprising the following steps: based on the layout of photovoltaic power station and inspection demand planning obtains inspection route;Control inspection equipment according to the inspection route inspection;Based on the meteorological data obtained in real time, the meteorological data result of the inspection route is predicted, and the inspection strategy is adjusted based on the meteorological data result;Collect image or video data of photovoltaic power station and analyze, identify and locate abnormal situation position, obtain analysis result;Based on the analysis result, generate inspection report, and issue alarm information.The application improves the inspection efficiency and accuracy through intelligent planning and real-time adjustment, can cover the key area of power station, respond to weather changes in time, accurately identify abnormalities and quickly generate reports and alarms, effectively ensure the safe and stable operation of photovoltaic power station, reduce the operation and maintenance cost, and improve the overall operation benefit of power station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic power station technology, specifically to an automatic inspection method and system for photovoltaic power stations. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic power plants, as an important part of the renewable energy sector, directly convert abundant solar energy into electricity through the photovoltaic effect. They are of great significance for promoting the optimization of the energy structure, reducing carbon emissions, and driving sustainable development. These power plants are usually composed of tens of thousands of photovoltaic panels, continuously providing clean electricity to society.

[0003] In daily production and operation, ensuring the efficient and stable operation of photovoltaic power stations is the primary task. The performance of photovoltaic panels is directly related to the power generation efficiency of the power station. Therefore, it is crucial to conduct detailed and comprehensive daily inspections. The inspections include not only checking whether the photovoltaic panels themselves have physical damage, such as falling off, abnormal shading (such as leaves, dust accumulation, or bird droppings), cracks, etc., which will affect the efficiency of photovoltaic panels in receiving sunlight, thereby reducing power generation; but also paying attention to the stability of the photovoltaic support structure and the accuracy of the light direction. Deformation or tilting of the support structure not only threatens the safety of the power station, but also prevents the photovoltaic panels from absorbing sunlight to the maximum extent due to angular deviation. Inaccurate light direction will also significantly reduce power generation efficiency.

[0004] Currently, the inspection of photovoltaic power stations is often carried out manually. However, photovoltaic power stations are often very large in scale, and such a vast area poses a great challenge to manual inspection. Traditional manual inspection methods are not only time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inefficient, but also cannot guarantee the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the inspection. Especially in some hard-to-reach or limited areas, there are blind spots for inspection. In addition, manual inspection is also limited by various factors such as weather and time, making it difficult to achieve all-weather, high-frequency inspection. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems of low efficiency in manual inspections of existing photovoltaic power plants and the inability to conduct inspections around the clock and at high frequency due to weather conditions, this invention provides an automatic inspection method and system for photovoltaic power plants.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention proposes an automatic inspection method for photovoltaic power plants, comprising the following steps: Inspection routes are planned based on the layout and inspection needs of photovoltaic power plants. The inspection equipment is controlled to perform inspections according to the inspection route. The meteorological data results of the inspection route are predicted based on the real-time acquired meteorological data, and the inspection strategy is adjusted based on the meteorological data results. Collect and analyze image or video data from photovoltaic power plants, identify and locate abnormal situations, and obtain analysis results; An inspection report is generated based on the analysis results, and an alarm message is issued.

[0007] Preferably, the inspection route is planned based on the layout and inspection needs of the photovoltaic power station, including: Acquire the arrangement of photovoltaic panel arrays within the photovoltaic power station, the distribution of roads and obstacles within the photovoltaic power station, and the location of electrical equipment; The starting point, ending point, and intermediate waypoints of the inspection are determined based on the arrangement of the photovoltaic panel array, the distribution of roads and obstacles within the photovoltaic power station, and the location of the power equipment. Based on the obtained operation and maintenance needs of the photovoltaic power station, the frequency of inspections, key areas and key inspection points are determined; Based on the frequency of the inspection, the key areas, and the key checkpoints, the corresponding route planning points are selected from the intermediate waypoints. Multiple preliminary inspection routes are planned based on the starting point, the ending point, and the route planning point. The preliminary inspection routes were verified to obtain the inspection routes.

[0008] Preferably, the preliminary inspection routes are verified, including: The inspection equipment is controlled to perform inspections along each of the initial inspection routes to obtain verification data; wherein, the verification data includes power consumption during inspection, image quality, and anomaly detection rate; By comparing and analyzing the verification data, the preliminary inspection route with low power consumption, high image quality, and high anomaly detection rate is determined as the final inspection route, thus obtaining the inspection route.

[0009] Preferably, the control inspection equipment performs inspections according to the inspection route, including: Prepare inspection equipment; Import the inspection route into the inspection equipment and start the equipment to begin the inspection.

[0010] Preferably, the prediction of meteorological data results for the inspection route based on real-time acquired meteorological data includes: Obtain real-time meteorological data at the initial inspection point; The real-time meteorological data is input into the constructed general meteorological prediction model to predict the meteorological data prediction results on the inspection route. Future weather levels are determined based on meteorological data forecasts. The inspection strategy is adjusted based on the future weather level and the real-time weather data.

[0011] Preferably, adjusting the inspection strategy based on the future weather level and the real-time weather data includes: Determine whether the meteorological level of the real-time meteorological data and the future meteorological level are both within the set meteorological level range; If both the meteorological level of the real-time meteorological data and the future meteorological level are within the set meteorological level range, then this inspection task will be executed. If not, determine whether the weather level after the set delay time meets the inspection requirements. If the delay time reaches the set value, cancel the current inspection task.

[0012] Preferably, the real-time meteorological data includes real-time temperature, real-time air pressure, real-time wind speed, real-time wind direction, real-time humidity, real-time light intensity, and real-time weather level.

[0013] Preferably, the process of acquiring and analyzing image or video data from the photovoltaic power station to identify and locate abnormal situations and obtain analysis results includes: The inspection equipment uses cameras or other sensors to collect image or video data of the photovoltaic power station. The image or video data is analyzed to identify abnormalities on the photovoltaic panel and pinpoint their specific locations. Mark the abnormal situation on the inspection map and record the relevant abnormal situation data.

[0014] Preferably, an inspection report is generated based on the analysis results, and an alarm message is issued, including: Record the time, location, and inspection equipment of any abnormal situations; Integrate all recorded anomalies, including time, location, inspection equipment, and analysis results, to generate an inspection report; Alarm messages are issued promptly based on any abnormalities reported in the inspection report.

[0015] This invention proposes an automatic inspection system for photovoltaic power plants to implement the above-mentioned method, including an input module, a route planning module, a processing module, an inspection strategy formulation module, a data acquisition module, and an information processing module; The input module is used to acquire the layout, inspection requirements, and meteorological data of the photovoltaic power station. The route planning module is used to plan inspection routes based on the layout and inspection requirements of photovoltaic power plants. The processing module is used to control the inspection equipment to perform inspections according to the set inspection route; The inspection strategy formulation module is used to predict the meteorological data results of the inspection route based on the real-time acquired meteorological data, and adjust the inspection strategy based on the meteorological data results. The acquisition module is used to acquire and analyze image or video data of the photovoltaic power station, identify and locate abnormal situations, and generate analysis results. The information processing module is used to generate an inspection report based on the analysis results and issue alarm information.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: This invention proposes an automated inspection method for photovoltaic power plants. This method scientifically plans the optimal inspection route based on the specific layout and inspection requirements of the photovoltaic power plant, ensuring the comprehensiveness and specificity of the inspection work. By precisely controlling the inspection equipment to operate along the predetermined route, it effectively avoids omissions or duplications that may occur in traditional inspections, greatly improving inspection efficiency. During the inspection process, meteorological data is acquired in real time, and based on this data, weather changes along the inspection route are predicted, allowing for flexible adjustments to the inspection strategy. This ensures that the inspection equipment operates under optimal weather conditions, reducing the risk of equipment damage due to severe weather, and further enhancing efficiency. The safety and reliability of the inspection work are ensured by utilizing advanced image or video acquisition and analysis technology to conduct detailed monitoring of photovoltaic power stations. Through in-depth analysis of the collected data, the location of abnormalities can be accurately identified and located, greatly reducing the burden of manual inspections and improving the accuracy and timeliness of inspections. Based on the analysis results, detailed inspection reports are automatically generated and alarm information is issued, providing power station managers with comprehensive inspection records and abnormal information, facilitating their rapid decision-making and response. Furthermore, the timely transmission of alarm information ensures that abnormalities can be handled promptly, effectively preventing potential safety hazards and economic losses.

[0017] Furthermore, this method comprehensively acquires key information such as the arrangement of photovoltaic panel arrays, the distribution of roads and obstacles, and the location of power equipment within the photovoltaic power station. This ensures that route planning fully considers the actual layout and operation and maintenance needs of the power station, thereby avoiding collisions with obstacles or omissions of key inspection points during inspections. When determining the starting point, ending point, and intermediate waypoints of the inspection, the actual situation of the photovoltaic power station and the inspection requirements are considered, ensuring the comprehensiveness and relevance of the route. By determining the inspection frequency, key areas, and key inspection points based on the operation and maintenance needs of the photovoltaic power station, the relevance and effectiveness of the inspection are improved. When planning the initial inspection route, route planning points corresponding to the inspection frequency, key areas, and key inspection points are selected from the intermediate waypoints, ensuring that the route can cover all areas and points that need to be inspected. By verifying multiple initial inspection routes, the optimal inspection route is selected, improving the efficiency and accuracy of the inspection.

[0018] Furthermore, this method, through actual verification of multiple preliminary inspection routes and by comprehensively considering key indicators such as inspection power consumption, image quality, and anomaly detection rate, can accurately select the optimal inspection route. This ensures that the selected route not only guarantees inspection quality while reducing equipment energy consumption, but also improves the detection rate of anomalies, thereby promptly identifying and addressing potential problems. This significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of automatic inspection of photovoltaic power plants, providing a strong guarantee for the long-term stable operation of the power plant.

[0019] Furthermore, this method enables rapid startup of the inspection process through simple preparation and importing the planned inspection route into the inspection equipment, ensuring that the inspection equipment can efficiently and accurately perform inspection tasks according to the predetermined route, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of the inspection.

[0020] Furthermore, this method acquires meteorological data from the initial inspection point in real time and inputs it into a constructed general meteorological prediction model. This enables accurate prediction of meteorological data along the inspection route. Based on the future meteorological levels determined by the meteorological data prediction results, the method can flexibly adjust the inspection strategy for different levels of meteorological conditions to ensure the safe operation of the inspection equipment and the smooth progress of the inspection work. This improves the flexibility and safety of the inspection and effectively reduces potential risks caused by severe weather.

[0021] Furthermore, this method can accurately determine whether it is suitable to carry out inspection tasks in the current and future periods by using real-time meteorological data and future meteorological levels. When both real-time and future meteorological levels are within the set safety range, the inspection task can be carried out smoothly, ensuring the continuity and efficiency of the inspection work. If the meteorological conditions do not meet the requirements, it can determine whether the meteorological level will improve to meet the inspection requirements after a period of postponement. This not only ensures the safety of the inspection work, but also minimizes the cancellation of inspection tasks due to meteorological reasons, and ensures the comprehensive collection of real-time meteorological data.

[0022] This invention proposes an automatic inspection system for photovoltaic power plants. By integrating an input module, a route planning module, a processing module, an inspection strategy formulation module, a data acquisition module, and an information processing module, this system achieves full automation of photovoltaic power plant inspection work. The system can accurately plan inspection routes, intelligently adjust inspection strategies, collect and analyze image or video data from photovoltaic power plants in real time, accurately identify and locate abnormal situations, and promptly generate inspection reports and issue alarm information. This improves the efficiency and accuracy of inspection work, reduces operation and maintenance costs, and enhances the overall operational level of the power plant. Attached Figure Description Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an automatic inspection method for photovoltaic power plants proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0025] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0026] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] See Figure 1 This invention proposes an automatic inspection method for photovoltaic power plants, which includes the following steps: Based on the layout and inspection requirements of photovoltaic power plants, inspection routes were planned. Specifically, the arrangement of photovoltaic panel arrays within the photovoltaic power station, the distribution of roads and obstacles within the photovoltaic power station, and the location of electrical equipment (such as inverters, transformers, etc.) are obtained. By using drone aerial photography or satellite imagery, combined with the power plant's design drawings, the layout of the photovoltaic panels is determined, including information such as the tilt angle, row spacing, and column spacing. An on-site inspection of the power plant is conducted, recording the location of all obstacles such as roads, fences, buildings, and trees to ensure that inspection equipment (such as drones) can move safely and efficiently. Based on the power plant's electrical drawings and on-site markings, the locations of key equipment such as inverters, transformers, combiner boxes, and cable trenches are marked; these are the key targets for inspection.

[0030] The starting point, ending point, and intermediate waypoints of the inspection are determined based on the arrangement of the photovoltaic panel array, the distribution of roads and obstacles within the photovoltaic power station, and the location of the power equipment. Intermediate waypoints are planned rationally based on the distribution of photovoltaic panel arrays, roads and obstacles, as well as the location of power equipment, to ensure that every key area is covered while avoiding unnecessary changes in flight distance and altitude.

[0031] Based on the acquired operational and maintenance needs of the photovoltaic power station, the frequency of inspections, key areas, and critical inspection points are determined. The inspection frequency for different areas is formulated according to factors such as the operational status of the photovoltaic power station, historical fault data, and equipment aging. Key areas include areas with high failure rates, newly installed or repaired equipment, and critical connection points of the power station (such as cable joints, inverter input / output terminals, etc.). Within these key areas, specific inspection targets are identified, such as damage to photovoltaic panels, dirt accumulation, and loose junction boxes, thus determining the critical inspection points. Areas with high failure rates or newly installed equipment may require more frequent inspections.

[0032] Based on the frequency of inspections, key areas, and critical checkpoints, corresponding route planning points are selected from intermediate waypoints; that is, based on the inspection frequency and key areas, points that need to be visited frequently are selected from intermediate waypoints as route planning points. Multiple preliminary inspection routes are planned based on the starting point, ending point, and route planning point; that is, by combining the starting point, ending point, and route planning point, multiple preliminary inspection routes are obtained. The preliminary inspection routes were verified to obtain the inspection routes. The inspection equipment is controlled to perform inspections along each preliminary inspection route to obtain verification data; the verification data includes power consumption, image quality, and anomaly detection rate. By comparing and analyzing the verification data, the preliminary inspection route with low power consumption, high image quality, and high anomaly detection rate was determined as the final inspection route, thus obtaining the inspection route.

[0033] Control the inspection equipment to perform inspections according to the set inspection route; Prepare the inspection equipment, ensuring it is in good working order, has sufficient power, and the necessary inspection tools. The planned inspection route is imported into the inspection equipment, and the equipment is started to begin inspection. During the inspection process, the status and location of the inspection equipment are tracked in real time through a remote monitoring system to ensure that it performs inspections according to the set route.

[0034] Based on the real-time acquired meteorological data, the meteorological data results of the inspection route are predicted, and the inspection strategy is adjusted based on the meteorological data results. At the start of the inspection, real-time meteorological data information of the initial inspection point is obtained. This is achieved by using meteorological sensors or third-party meteorological services to collect real-time meteorological data information of the area where the photovoltaic power station is located. The real-time meteorological data information includes real-time temperature, real-time air pressure, real-time wind speed, real-time wind direction, real-time humidity, real-time temperature, real-time light intensity, and real-time weather level. The meteorological data information is then input into a general meteorological prediction model. The trained general meteorological prediction model is used to predict the meteorological data forecast results along the inspection route during the scheduled inspection period. Based on the prediction results, the future weather level is determined. Based on the weather level and future weather level of real-time meteorological data, determine whether the inspection equipment can perform the current inspection task; if so, perform the inspection task and collect images of the photovoltaic power station through the image acquisition equipment installed on the inspection equipment; otherwise, determine whether the weather level after the set delay time meets the inspection requirements; if the delay time reaches the set value, cancel the current inspection task. The future weather level refers to the predicted weather level for this inspection route. If both the real-time weather level and the future weather level are within the set weather level range, the inspection task will be executed. If either weather level does not meet the set weather level range, the weather level will be determined after a set time (e.g., a delay of 0.5 hours). The method for determining the weather level is the same as described above: based on the real-time weather data, the weather data after the set time (e.g., a delay of 0.5 hours) is predicted, then the weather level is determined based on the predicted weather data, and then it is determined whether the weather level is within the set weather level range. If it is, the inspection task will be executed after the set time (e.g., a delay of 0.5 hours). If it is still not, the set time will be delayed again (e.g., a delay of 0.5 hours). If the time between the scheduled execution time of this task and the next scheduled inspection task is less than the set value (e.g., a delay of 0.5 hours), the inspection task can be cancelled, and a notification of the postponement or cancellation of the inspection task will be sent to the control system or the user.

[0035] In this embodiment, the meteorological model is constructed using a Bayesian-optimized LSTM. The meteorological prediction model for the region is trained using historical meteorological data information of the photovoltaic power station area transmitted back from the vector data center. The input data for the general meteorological prediction model is real-time meteorological data information, namely, real-time temperature, real-time air pressure, real-time wind speed, real-time wind direction, real-time humidity, real-time light intensity, and real-time weather level. Historical meteorological data and weather levels are also obtained and input into the general meteorological prediction model for simulation to obtain the meteorological prediction results for the current region.

[0036] Specifically, the SVM algorithm was used to train models for various meteorological values, including temperature, air pressure, wind speed, wind direction, humidity, and so on, in each set of historical data to obtain the corresponding classification for each meteorological value. Analysis of historical data showed that within the same meteorological classification, the difference between the classifications of various meteorological values ​​generally does not exceed 2; values ​​exceeding 2 are considered outliers. Additionally, a very small number of cases exist in the historical data where the classification difference exceeds 2. If the corresponding value in the predicted general meteorological data is also an outlier, that value is retained.

[0037] The SVM algorithm is used to train models for various meteorological values, including air temperature, air pressure, wind speed, wind direction, humidity, and temperature, in each set of historical data to obtain the first SVM model. This trained model is then used to process the meteorological values ​​to obtain the grade of each meteorological value within the general meteorological data, thus determining the corresponding classification. Analysis of historical data shows that within the same meteorological grade, the difference between the grades of various meteorological values ​​generally does not exceed 2; values ​​exceeding 2 are considered outliers. Additionally, there are a very small number of cases in the historical data where the grade difference exceeds 2. If the corresponding value in the predicted general meteorological data is also an outlier, this value is retained. All retained values ​​are then aggregated as the meteorological data prediction result for the inspection route during this scheduled inspection period. Collect and analyze image or video data from photovoltaic power plants to identify and locate abnormal situations. Use cameras or other sensors on the inspection equipment to collect image or video data of the photovoltaic power station; Using advanced image processing and machine learning algorithms, the collected abnormal data is analyzed. The abnormal data includes identifying abnormalities such as dirt, damage, and shading on the photovoltaic panels, as well as locating the specific locations of these abnormalities. The identified anomalies are marked on the inspection map, and the relevant anomaly data is recorded to obtain analysis results, such as anomaly type, location, and time. An inspection report is generated based on the analysis results, and an alarm message is issued.

[0038] Record the time, location, and inspection equipment of any abnormal situations; The system integrates all recorded anomaly information, including time, location, inspection equipment, and analysis results, to generate an inspection report. The report includes the inspection date, time, location, equipment information, detailed information about the anomaly, and recommended actions. Based on any anomalies reported in the inspection report, timely alarm messages should be sent to the relevant maintenance or management personnel. These alarm messages can be sent via SMS, email, telephone, or other means to ensure that the relevant personnel receive them quickly and take necessary measures.

[0039] This invention proposes an automatic inspection system for photovoltaic power plants to implement the above-mentioned method. The system includes an input module, a route planning module, an inspection strategy formulation module, a processing module, a data acquisition module, and an information processing module. The input module is communicatively connected to the route planning module, the route planning module is communicatively connected to the processing module, the processing module is communicatively connected to the inspection strategy formulation module, the inspection strategy formulation module is communicatively connected to the data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module is communicatively connected to the information processing module. The input module is used to obtain the layout and inspection requirements of the photovoltaic power station; The processing module is used to control the inspection equipment to perform inspections according to the set inspection route; The route planning module is used to plan inspection routes based on the layout and inspection requirements of photovoltaic power plants. The inspection strategy formulation module is used to acquire meteorological data in real time during the inspection process and adjust the inspection strategy based on the meteorological data. The data acquisition module is used to acquire image or video data from photovoltaic power plants, analyze it, and identify and locate the location of abnormal situations. The information processing module is used to generate inspection reports and issue alarm information based on the analysis results.

[0040] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0041] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art. The above content is only for illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. An automatic inspection method for a photovoltaic power station, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Inspection routes are planned based on the layout and inspection needs of photovoltaic power plants. The inspection equipment is controlled to perform inspections according to the inspection route. The meteorological data results of the inspection route are predicted based on the real-time acquired meteorological data, and the inspection strategy is adjusted based on the meteorological data results. Collect and analyze image or video data from photovoltaic power plants, identify and locate abnormal situations, and obtain analysis results; An inspection report is generated based on the analysis results, and an alarm message is issued.

2. The automatic inspection method for a photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inspection route is planned based on the layout and inspection needs of the photovoltaic power station, including: Acquire the arrangement of photovoltaic panel arrays within the photovoltaic power station, the distribution of roads and obstacles within the photovoltaic power station, and the location of electrical equipment; The starting point, ending point, and intermediate waypoints of the inspection are determined based on the arrangement of the photovoltaic panel array, the distribution of roads and obstacles within the photovoltaic power station, and the location of the power equipment. Based on the obtained operation and maintenance needs of the photovoltaic power station, the frequency of inspections, key areas and key inspection points are determined; Based on the frequency of the inspection, the key areas, and the key checkpoints, the corresponding route planning points are selected from the intermediate waypoints. Multiple preliminary inspection routes are planned based on the starting point, the ending point, and the route planning point. The preliminary inspection routes were verified to obtain the inspection routes.

3. The automatic inspection method for a photovoltaic power station according to claim 2, characterized in that, The preliminary inspection routes were verified, including: The inspection equipment is controlled to perform inspections along each of the initial inspection routes to obtain verification data; wherein, the verification data includes power consumption during inspection, image quality, and anomaly detection rate; By comparing and analyzing the verification data, the preliminary inspection route with low power consumption, high image quality, and high anomaly detection rate is determined as the final inspection route, thus obtaining the inspection route.

4. The automatic inspection method for a photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control and inspection equipment performs inspections according to the inspection route, including: Prepare inspection equipment; Import the inspection route into the inspection equipment and start the equipment to begin the inspection.

5. The automatic inspection method for a photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The prediction of meteorological data results for the inspection route based on real-time acquired meteorological data includes: Obtain real-time meteorological data at the initial inspection point; The real-time meteorological data is input into the constructed general meteorological prediction model to predict the meteorological data prediction results on the inspection route. Future weather levels are determined based on meteorological data forecasts. The inspection strategy is adjusted based on the future weather level and the real-time weather data.

6. The automatic inspection method for a photovoltaic power station according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adjustment of the inspection strategy based on the future weather level and the real-time weather data includes: Determine whether the meteorological level of the real-time meteorological data and the future meteorological level are both within the set meteorological level range; If both the meteorological level of the real-time meteorological data and the future meteorological level are within the set meteorological level range, then this inspection task will be executed. If not, determine whether the weather level after the set delay time meets the inspection requirements. If the delay time reaches the set value, cancel the current inspection task.

7. The automatic inspection method for a photovoltaic power station according to claim 5, characterized in that, The real-time meteorological data includes real-time temperature, real-time air pressure, real-time wind speed, real-time wind direction, real-time humidity, real-time temperature, real-time light intensity, and real-time weather level.

8. The automatic inspection method for a photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of collecting and analyzing image or video data from photovoltaic power stations, identifying and locating abnormal situations, and obtaining analysis results includes: The inspection equipment uses cameras or other sensors to collect image or video data of the photovoltaic power station. The image or video data is analyzed to identify abnormalities on the photovoltaic panel and pinpoint their specific locations. Mark the abnormal situation on the inspection map and record the relevant abnormal situation data.

9. The automatic inspection method for a photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the analysis results, an inspection report is generated, and alarm information is issued, including: Record the time, location, and inspection equipment of any abnormal situations; Integrate all recorded anomalies, including time, location, inspection equipment, and analysis results, to generate an inspection report; Alarm messages are issued promptly based on any abnormalities reported in the inspection report.

10. An automatic inspection system for a photovoltaic power station, used to implement the method described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, It includes an input module, a route planning module, a processing module, an inspection strategy formulation module, a data acquisition module, and an information processing module; The input module is used to acquire the layout, inspection requirements, and meteorological data of the photovoltaic power station. The route planning module is used to plan inspection routes based on the layout and inspection requirements of photovoltaic power plants. The processing module is used to control the inspection equipment to perform inspections according to the set inspection route; The inspection strategy formulation module is used to predict the meteorological data results of the inspection route based on the real-time acquired meteorological data, and adjust the inspection strategy based on the meteorological data results. The acquisition module is used to acquire and analyze image or video data of the photovoltaic power station, identify and locate abnormal situations, and generate analysis results. The information processing module is used to generate an inspection report based on the analysis results and issue alarm information.

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