Multi-agent benefit equilibrium method for virtual power plant based on double-layer game model

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for balancing the interests of multiple stakeholders in a virtual power plant based on a two-layer game model, belonging to the field of power system optimization and operation technology. The method includes the following steps: constructing an upper-layer asymmetric evolutionary game model, introducing strategy entropy and habituation coefficients, simulating the long-term cooperative strategy evolution of stakeholders such as distributed power sources, flexible loads, and energy storage systems, and outputting an evolutionarily stable strategy; inputting the evolutionarily stable strategy as a modulation parameter into a lower-layer stochastic Stackelberg game model, using a typical scenario method to handle uncertainty, and optimizing short-term scheduling plans and internal electricity prices; allocating cooperative surplus based on fuzzy Shapley values, with staker membership determined by historical cooperative tendencies; verifying execution using blockchain smart contracts, and implementing automatic punishment through a dynamic penalty function linking "deviation degree and credit score". This method achieves dynamic and reliable interest balance among multiple stakeholders on both long and short-term scales, significantly improving the stability and economy of the virtual power plant alliance.

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