Oil-immersed self-cooling high-heat-dissipation transformer

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of transformer technology, and more particularly to an oil-immersed self-cooled high-heat-dissipation transformer. Its technical solution includes an oil tank, a thermal expansion actuator, an opening adjustment mechanism, and an energy storage damping mechanism. The thermal expansion actuator is immersed in oil and drives a piston actuator through a connecting pipe. The piston actuator drives a connecting rod to rotate a rotating ring, which in turn drives an adjustment plate to move circumferentially through a drive plate, sliding shaft, and sliding groove, adaptively changing the flow area of ​​the oil inlet and outlet. Multiple pulsation dampers separate the air chamber and oil chamber through elastic diaphragms to absorb pressure pulsations. A worm gear is installed inside the oil drain pipe, driving a drive disc and an eccentric rotating shaft via a bevel gear pair, causing a push rod to drive a flow divider plate to oscillate reciprocally, cooperating with a fan to generate a sweeping airflow. The flow divider bundle achieves multi-channel thermosiphon circulation, and a filter cover and dehumidifier ensure oil cleanliness. This invention achieves purely mechanical adaptive flow regulation and hydraulically driven air cooling enhancement, requiring no external energy, resulting in high heat exchange efficiency and stable operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of transformer technology, and in particular to an oil-immersed self-cooled high heat dissipation transformer. Background Technology

[0002] Oil-immersed self-cooled transformers are widely used in power systems. They rely on the natural circulation of insulating oil and natural convection between the radiator and air to dissipate the heat generated by the windings and core into the environment. These transformers have advantages such as simple structure, no auxiliary energy consumption, and low operating noise, making them particularly suitable for locations with high reliability and environmental friendliness requirements, such as residential areas, data centers, and offshore platforms. With increasing grid load fluctuations and the integration of high-density power electronic equipment, transformers face challenges from short-term overload and long-term high-temperature operation, placing higher demands on their heat dissipation capabilities.

[0003] Existing oil-immersed self-cooled transformers typically use plate-type radiators directly connected to the oil tank, utilizing the thermosiphon effect to drive oil circulation. Some products add fans to the outside of the radiator for forced air cooling (ONAF mode), or use corrugated oil tanks and larger radiator areas to improve heat dissipation efficiency. Regarding oil flow regulation, traditional solutions mostly rely on throttle valves with fixed orifice diameters or manually adjustable valves, unable to automatically change the oil passage area based on real-time oil temperature. For enhanced air cooling, fans are usually driven by independent motors, with start / stop or speed regulation achieved through temperature sensors and controllers, requiring external power supplies and complex control logic.

[0004] However, in existing transformers, the oil temperature fluctuates with load changes, but the flow area of ​​the oil inlet and outlet cannot be adaptively adjusted. This results in excessive oil flow resistance at low loads and insufficient flow at high loads, making it difficult to match the actual heat dissipation efficiency with the actual heat dissipation requirements. At the same time, forced air cooling systems rely on sensors and electrical controls, increasing the number of failure points and maintenance costs. Furthermore, they cannot utilize the oil's own flow energy to achieve self-driven airflow regulation, resulting in low energy utilization. Therefore, this application proposes an oil-immersed self-cooled high heat dissipation transformer. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the background art by proposing an oil-immersed self-cooled high heat dissipation transformer.

[0006] This application provides an oil-immersed self-cooled high heat dissipation transformer, including an oil tank. An oil inlet regulating seat is installed on the top of the oil tank, and two oil outlet regulating seats are installed on both sides of the bottom of the oil tank. Thermal expansion actuators are installed on both sides inside the oil tank, and multiple connecting pipes are installed at the output end of the thermal expansion actuators. Piston actuators are installed on the top of the oil tank near the oil inlet regulating seat and on the side wall of the oil tank near the oil outlet regulating seat, and are connected to the thermal expansion actuators through connecting pipes. A pusher is installed on the rod at the output end of the piston actuator. The transformer also includes an opening regulating mechanism disposed inside the oil inlet regulating seat and the oil outlet regulating seat, and an energy storage damping mechanism installed on the inner wall of the oil tank. The opening adjustment mechanism includes a rotating ring rotatably disposed inside the oil inlet adjustment seat and the oil outlet adjustment seat, and a pull rod is installed on one side of the outer wall of the rotating ring. A drive plate is installed on the inner wall of the rotating ring, and a sliding shaft is slidably disposed inside the drive plate. A sliding groove for the sliding shaft to slide is opened inside the rotating ring, and an adjustment plate is fixedly disposed on one side of the outer wall of the sliding shaft. The energy storage damping mechanism includes multiple pulsation dampers installed on the inner wall of the oil tank. An elastic diaphragm is installed in the middle of each pulsation damper, which divides the interior of the pulsation damper into an air chamber and an oil chamber. The multiple pulsation dampers are respectively installed on both sides of the oil outlet adjustment seat.

[0007] Optionally, one end of the pusher is slidably disposed inside the pull rod, and the adjusting plate is slidably disposed inside the rotating ring.

[0008] Optionally, a sealing ring is installed on the inner wall of the rotating ring, and the sealing ring is in contact with the adjusting plate, and a rubber pad is installed on the outer wall of the adjusting plate.

[0009] Optionally, an oil drain pipe is installed at the output end of the oil outlet regulating seat, and radiators are installed on both sides of the outer wall of the oil tank. Two flow guide chambers are installed at one end of the radiator, and a fan is installed at the front end of each of the two flow guide chambers. Multiple flow dividers are rotatably arranged inside.

[0010] Optionally, the transformer also includes a swing mechanism disposed inside the oil drain pipe; The oscillating mechanism includes a cross-shaped fixing plate installed on the inner wall of the oil drain pipe, and a worm gear blade is rotatably arranged inside the cross-shaped fixing plate. A bevel gear one is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the worm gear blade near the interior of the cross-shaped fixing plate. A connecting shaft is rotatably arranged inside the cross-shaped fixing plate, and a bevel gear two is fixedly arranged at one end of the connecting shaft. The bevel gear two meshes with the bevel gear one. A drive disk is installed at the end of the connecting shaft away from the bevel gear two. A rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on one side of the drive disk. A push rod is fixedly arranged inside the rotating shaft. A sliding plate is slidably arranged on the top of the push rod. One end of the sliding plate is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the bottom diverter plate.

[0011] Optionally, the transformer also includes a linkage mechanism disposed at the end of the shunt plate; The linkage mechanism includes a first adapter installed at one end of multiple diverter plates, and the first adapters are connected to each other by a first connecting rod. The other end of the diverter plate is equipped with a second connecting rod, and the second adapter is provided between the two flow guide chambers. The two ends of the second adapter are respectively rotatably disposed inside the upper and lower second connecting rods.

[0012] Optionally, a threaded sleeve is installed on the outer wall of the fan away from the flow guide chamber, and a filter cover is threaded on the outer wall of the threaded sleeve.

[0013] Optionally, a main flow pipe is installed at the end of the oil drain pipe away from the oil outlet adjusting seat, and multiple branch pipes are installed inside the main flow pipe, with a manifold installed at the output end of the branch pipe.

[0014] Optionally, the main flow pipe is located at the bottom of the radiator, and the branch pipe is located inside the radiator.

[0015] Optionally, a return pipe is installed at the output end of the manifold, and an oil storage tank is installed at the output end of the return pipe. The oil storage tank is installed on one side of the outer wall of the oil tank via a bracket. The oil storage tank is connected to the oil inlet regulating seat via an oil inlet pipe. A dehumidifier is installed on one side of the bottom of the oil storage tank.

[0016] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: This invention senses changes in oil temperature through a thermal expansion actuator and drives an adjustment plate via pure mechanical transmission to change the opening of the oil inlet and outlet. This achieves adaptive flow regulation where the opening increases as the oil temperature rises. It requires no external energy source or sensors, significantly improving oil circulation efficiency under different load conditions while avoiding excessive cooling at low loads.

[0017] Furthermore, the hydraulic drive of the oil flow in the drain pipe is used to rotate the worm gear blades, and the eccentric shaft and push rod drive the splitter plate to swing back and forth, so that the cooling airflow generated by the fan forms a sweeping flow, continuously destroying the air boundary layer on the surface of the heat sink, realizing load-adaptive air cooling enhancement, and requiring no additional motor or control circuit, with energy self-sufficiency.

[0018] Finally, a thermosiphon circulation path with bottom oil inlet and top oil outlet is constructed through a multi-channel diversion tube bundle. This, combined with a pulsation damper to absorb pressure pulsations, and a filter cover and dehumidifier to ensure oil cleanliness and insulation performance, effectively improves the heat exchange uniformity and long-term operational reliability of the radiator and reduces maintenance frequency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of an oil-immersed self-cooled high heat dissipation transformer; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fuel tank structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fuel tank; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the oil inlet regulating seat; Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the opening of the oil inlet regulating seat; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a pulsation damper. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the shunt pipe structure; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the manifold structure; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod 2 structure; Figure 11 for Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure at point B; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cross-shaped fixing plate; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the wind turbine structure.

[0020] Reference numerals: 1. Oil tank; 2. Inlet regulating seat; 3. Outlet regulating seat; 4. Thermal expansion actuator; 5. Connecting pipe; 6. Piston actuator; 7. Propeller; 8. Tie rod; 9. Rotating ring; 10. Drive plate; 11. Sliding shaft; 12. Slide groove; 13. Adjusting plate; 14. Sealing ring; 15. Pulsation damper; 16. Elastic diaphragm; 17. Main flow pipe; 18. Branch pipe; 19. Radiator; 20. Manifold; 21. Return pipe; 22. 23. Oil inlet pipe; 24. Oil outlet pipe; 25. Flow guide chamber; 26. Flow divider; 27. Adapter 1; 28. Connecting rod 1; 29. ​​Connecting rod 2; 30. Adapter 2; 31. Worm gear blade; 32. Cross fixing plate; 33. Bevel gear 1; 34. Bevel gear 2; 35. Connecting shaft; 36. Drive disc; 37. Rotating shaft; 38. Push rod; 39. Slide plate; 40. Fan; 41. Threaded sleeve; 42. Filter cover; 43. Dehumidifier. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] like Figures 1-6 As shown, the present invention proposes an oil-immersed self-cooled high heat dissipation transformer, comprising: an oil tank 1, an opening adjustment mechanism disposed inside an oil inlet adjustment seat 2 and an oil outlet adjustment seat 3, and an energy storage damping mechanism installed on the inner wall of the oil tank 1; an oil inlet adjustment seat 2 is installed on the top of the oil tank 1, and two oil outlet adjustment seats 3 are installed on both sides of the bottom of the oil tank 1; thermal expansion actuators 4 are installed on both sides inside the oil tank 1, and multiple connecting pipes 5 are installed at the output end of the thermal expansion actuators 4; piston actuators 6 are installed on the top of the oil tank 1 near the oil inlet adjustment seat 2 and on the side wall of the oil tank 1 near the oil outlet adjustment seat 3, and are connected to the thermal expansion actuators 4 through connecting pipes 5; a pusher 7 is installed on the rod at the output end of the piston actuator 6; The opening adjustment mechanism includes a rotating ring 9 rotatably disposed inside the oil inlet adjustment seat 2 and the oil outlet adjustment seat 3, and a pull rod 8 is installed on one side of the outer wall of the rotating ring 9. A drive plate 10 is installed on the inner wall of the rotating ring 9, and a sliding shaft 11 is slidably disposed inside the drive plate 10. A sliding groove 12 for sliding the sliding shaft 11 is opened inside the rotating ring 9, and an adjustment plate 13 is fixedly disposed on one side of the outer wall of the sliding shaft 11. In this embodiment, the energy storage damping mechanism includes multiple pulsation dampers 15 installed on the inner wall of the oil tank 1. An elastic diaphragm 16 is installed in the middle of the pulsation damper 15, which divides the interior of the pulsation damper 15 into an air chamber and an oil chamber. The multiple pulsation dampers 15 are respectively installed on both sides of the oil outlet adjustment seat 3. One end of the pusher 7 is slidably disposed inside the pull rod 8, and the adjustment plate 13 is slidably disposed inside the rotating ring 9. A sealing ring 14 is installed on the inner wall of the rotating ring 9, and the sealing ring 14 is in contact with the adjustment plate 13. A rubber pad is installed on the outer wall of the adjustment plate 13. The opening adjustment mechanism and the energy storage damping mechanism are described in detail below: In this embodiment, after the transformer is put into operation, the heat generated by the windings and core causes the temperature of the insulating oil inside the oil tank 1 to gradually rise. Due to the thermal expansion characteristics of the oil, the oil pressure and volume inside the oil tank 1 change accordingly. At this time, the thermal expansion actuators 4 installed on both sides inside the oil tank 1 are directly immersed in the hot oil. The low-boiling-point working fluid sealed inside absorbs the heat of the oil and expands rapidly, generating a stable linear driving force. This driving force is transmitted through the hydraulic pressure in the connecting pipe 5 to the piston actuators 6 installed near the oil inlet regulating seat 2 and the oil outlet regulating seat 3, respectively. The piston actuators 6 convert hydraulic energy into mechanical linear displacement, pushing the pusher 7 at its output end to extend outward.

[0023] One end of the pusher 7 is slidably disposed inside the pull rod 8. As the oil temperature rises, the extension length of the pusher 7 increases, causing one end of the pusher 7 to slide outward in a pre-set groove inside the pull rod 8, thereby pushing the pull rod 8 to deflect clockwise around the axis of the rotating ring 9. The rotating ring 9 is rotatably disposed inside the oil inlet adjusting seat 2 and the oil outlet adjusting seat 3, and a drive plate 10 is fixedly installed on its inner wall. A sliding shaft 11 is slidably disposed inside the drive plate 10, and a groove 12 for the sliding shaft 11 to slide is opened inside the rotating ring 9. When the rotating ring 9 is driven to rotate by the pull rod 8, the drive plate 10 rotates accordingly, and through the cooperation of the sliding shaft 11 and the groove 12, the sliding shaft 11 is forced to slide along the drive plate 10 from the starting end to the end end. During this process, the sliding shaft 11 is displaced with the rotating ring 9 on the one hand, and radially displaced by the trajectory of the groove 12 on the other hand. An adjusting plate 13 is fixedly disposed on one side of the outer wall of the sliding shaft 11. Therefore, the clockwise rotation of the rotating ring 9, in conjunction with the drive plate 10, drives the sliding shaft 11 to slide clockwise within the sliding groove 12. The movement of the sliding shaft 11 then drives the adjusting plate 13 to slide radially and circumferentially within the rotating ring 9 along the sliding groove 12, thereby changing the effective flow area of ​​the oil inlet adjusting seat 2 and the oil outlet adjusting seat 3. This results in a higher oil temperature, a longer extension of the propeller 7, a greater displacement of the adjusting plate 13, and a larger opening area, allowing more oil to flow into or out of the oil tank 1, thus achieving adaptive flow regulation.

[0024] Meanwhile, the sealing ring 14 is installed on the inner wall of the rotating ring 9 and fits against the adjusting plate 13. Together with the rubber pad on the outer wall of the adjusting plate 13, it ensures that the oil will not leak from the gap between the adjusting plate 13 and the rotating ring 9 during the adjustment process, thus maintaining the adjustment accuracy.

[0025] On the other hand, multiple pulsation dampers 15 are installed on the inner wall of the oil tank 1. Each pulsation damper 15 has an elastic diaphragm 16 in the middle, which divides the interior of the pulsation damper 15 into independent air chambers and oil chambers. The air chamber is pre-filled with high-pressure nitrogen, and the oil chamber is connected to the oil inside the oil tank 1. When the oil outlet regulating seat 3 experiences a momentary change in the oil flow rate due to the movement of the regulating plate 13, pressure pulsations are generated in the oil circuit. This pulsating pressure is transmitted to the elastic diaphragm 16 through the oil chamber, forcing the diaphragm to undergo elastic deformation, thereby compressing or expanding the gas in the air chamber. The compression and expansion process of the air chamber absorbs and buffers the pressure fluctuations, making the oil flow out of the oil tank 1 more stable. At the same time, the compressed gas expands and pushes back against the oil when the pressure decreases, forming a weak reverse pressure wave that interferes with subsequent pulsations, further suppressing high-frequency oscillations. Since multiple pulsation dampers 15 are installed on both sides of the oil outlet regulating seat 3, they work together to effectively eliminate pressure spikes caused by the movement of the regulating plate 13, thus ensuring the stability of oil circulation.

[0026] The thermal expansion actuator 4 senses changes in oil temperature and drives the regulating plate 13 to change the opening of the oil inlet and outlet via a purely mechanical transmission chain. At the same time, the pulsation damper 15 absorbs pressure pulsation, realizing the dual functions of adaptive flow regulation and pressure stabilization. Moreover, the entire process requires no external energy and has high reliability.

[0027] like Figures 7-12 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the heat dissipation transformer further includes a swing mechanism disposed inside the oil drain pipe 24 and a linkage mechanism disposed at the end of the diverter plate 26; the swing mechanism includes a cross-shaped fixing plate 32 installed on the inner wall of the oil drain pipe 24, and a worm gear blade 31 is rotatably disposed inside the cross-shaped fixing plate 32. A bevel gear 33 is fixedly disposed on the outer wall of the worm gear blade 31 near the interior of the cross-shaped fixing plate 32. A connecting shaft 35 is rotatably disposed inside the cross-shaped fixing plate 32, and a bevel gear 34 is fixedly disposed at one end of the connecting shaft 35. The bevel gear 34 meshes with the bevel gear 33. A drive disk 36 is installed at the end of the connecting shaft 35 away from the bevel gear 34. A rotating shaft 37 is rotatably disposed on one side inside the drive disk 36. A push rod 38 is fixedly disposed inside the rotating shaft 37. A sliding plate 39 is slidably disposed on the top of the push rod 38. One end of the sliding plate 39 is fixedly disposed on the outer wall of the bottom diverter plate 26. The linkage mechanism includes a first adapter 27 installed at one end of multiple diverter plates 26, and the first adapter 27 are connected by a first connecting rod 28. The other end of the diverter plate 26 is equipped with a second connecting rod 29, and a second adapter 30 is provided between the two flow guide chambers 25. The two ends of the second adapter 30 are respectively rotatably disposed inside the upper and lower second connecting rods 29. In this embodiment, an oil drain pipe 24 is installed at the output end of the oil outlet regulating seat 3, and radiators 19 are installed on both sides of the outer wall of the oil tank 1. Two flow guide chambers 25 are installed at one end of the radiator 19, and a fan 40 is installed at the front end of each of the two flow guide chambers 25. Multiple flow dividers 26 are rotatably arranged inside. The swing mechanism and the linkage mechanism are described in detail below: In this embodiment, the high-temperature oil flowing out of the oil outlet regulating seat 3 enters the oil drain pipe 24. A cross-shaped fixing plate 32 is installed inside the oil drain pipe 24, and a worm gear blade 31 is rotatably mounted at the center of this plate. When oil with a certain flow velocity flows through the worm gear blade 31, the impact force of the oil causes the worm gear blade 31 to rotate. The rotational speed of the worm gear blade 31 is directly proportional to the oil flow velocity; that is, the higher the oil temperature, the greater the load, and the faster the oil discharge velocity, the faster the worm gear blade 31 rotates.

[0028] A bevel gear 33 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the worm gear blade 31 near the interior of the cross-shaped fixing plate 32. A connecting shaft 35 is rotatably mounted inside the cross-shaped fixing plate 32, and a second bevel gear 34 is fixedly mounted at one end of the connecting shaft 35, meshing with the first bevel gear 33. Therefore, the rotational motion of the worm gear blade 31 changes the transmission direction through the bevel gear pair, transmitting power to the connecting shaft 35. A drive disk 36 is mounted on the end of the connecting shaft 35 away from the second bevel gear 34, and the drive disk 36 rotates synchronously with the connecting shaft 35. A rotating shaft 37 is rotatably mounted on one side inside the drive disk 36, and there is an eccentricity between the rotating shaft 37 and the rotation center of the drive disk 36. A push rod 38 is fixedly mounted inside the rotating shaft 37, and a sliding plate 39 is slidably mounted on the top of the push rod 38. One end of the sliding plate 39 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the bottom splitter plate 26.

[0029] When the drive disc 36 rotates, the eccentrically positioned shaft 37 drives the push rod 38 to reciprocate, which in turn pushes the bottom flow divider 26 to swing back and forth around its own axis via the slide plate 39. The swing of the bottom flow divider 26 is transmitted to the other flow dividers 26 through a linkage mechanism. One end of each flow divider 26 is equipped with a first adapter 27, and the first adapters 27 are connected in series by a first connecting rod 28. The other end of the flow divider 26 is equipped with a second connecting rod 29, and a second adapter 30 is provided between the upper and lower flow guide chambers 25. The two ends of the second adapter 30 are respectively rotatably disposed inside the upper and lower second connecting rods 29. Therefore, when the bottom flow divider 26 swings, the first connecting rod 28 and the second connecting rod 29 drive all the flow dividers 26 to swing synchronously and at the same angle.

[0030] A fan 40 is installed at the front end of the flow guide chamber 25. When the fan 40 operates, it generates a forced cooling airflow. This airflow enters the flow guide chamber 25 and is periodically redirected by multiple internally oscillating baffles 26. The oscillation frequency of the baffles 26 is proportional to the rotational speed of the worm gear 31, i.e., proportional to the oil discharge velocity. When the load is low, the baffles 26 oscillate slowly, and the airflow direction changes gradually, relying mainly on the basic airflow of the fan 40 for cooling. When the load increases and the oil temperature rises, the oil discharge velocity increases, the rotational speed of the worm gear 31 increases, and the oscillation frequency of the baffles 26 increases accordingly, causing the cooling airflow to form a rapid sweeping flow on the surface of the radiator 19. This sweeping flow continuously disrupts the air boundary layer on the surface of the heat sink, significantly improving the convective heat transfer coefficient.

[0031] Furthermore, the periodic oscillation of the splitter plate 26 creates a vortex effect on the airflow generated by the fan 40, resulting in a more uniform airflow distribution on the surface of the radiator 19 and avoiding localized hot spots. Since the energy driving the worm gear blades 31 comes entirely from the hydraulic pressure of the oil discharge, no additional motor or control system is required, achieving load-adaptive air-cooling enhancement.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7and Figure 13 As shown, the heat dissipation transformer also includes a threaded sleeve 41 installed on the outer wall of the fan 40 away from the flow guide chamber 25; a filter cover 42 is threaded on the outer wall of the threaded sleeve 41; a main flow pipe 17 is installed at the end of the oil drain pipe 24 away from the oil outlet regulating seat 3, and multiple branch pipes 18 are installed inside the main flow pipe 17, and a manifold 20 is installed at the output end of the branch pipe 18. The main flow pipe 17 is located at the bottom of the radiator 19, and the branch pipe 18 is located inside the radiator 19. A return pipe 21 is installed at the output end of the busbar 20, and an oil conservator 22 is installed at the output end of the return pipe 21. The oil conservator 22 is mounted on one side of the outer wall of the oil tank 1 via a bracket. The oil conservator 22 is connected to the oil inlet regulating seat 2 via an oil inlet pipe 23. A dehumidifier 43 is installed on one side of the bottom of the oil conservator 22. The following is a detailed description of the heat dissipation transformer: In this embodiment, the high-temperature oil flowing out of the oil outlet regulating seat 3 first enters the oil drain pipe 24, and then flows into the main flow pipe 17. The main flow pipe 17 is located at the bottom of the radiator 19, and multiple parallel branch pipes 18 are installed inside it. Each branch pipe 18 is arranged vertically inside the radiator 19, forming multiple independent oil flow channels. After the high-temperature oil enters each branch pipe 18 from the bottom main flow pipe 17, it flows from bottom to top in the branch pipe 18. Due to the cooling airflow generated by the fan 40 outside the radiator 19, the oil in the branch pipe 18 continuously transfers heat to the outside air through the pipe wall during the rising process, and the oil temperature gradually decreases. After the temperature decreases, the density of the oil increases, and the tendency to flow upward naturally under the thermosiphon effect weakens. However, through the reasonable arrangement of the branch pipes 18, the oil can still continue to rise by the combined effect of the inlet pressure and density difference.

[0033] The output ends of all the branch pipes 18 are connected to the manifold 20, which is located on top of the radiator 19. In the manifold 20, the cooled oil flowing from each branch pipe 18 collects and then enters the oil conservator 22 through the return pipe 21. The oil conservator 22 is mounted on one side of the outer wall of the oil tank 1 by a bracket. It stores a certain amount of insulating oil to compensate for the thermal expansion and contraction of the oil volume during transformer operation. After natural settling and cooling, the oil in the oil conservator 22 is connected to the oil inlet regulating seat 2 at the top of the oil tank 1 through the inlet pipe 23. Under gravity, the low-temperature oil in the oil conservator 22 flows into the top of the oil tank 1, mixes with the hot oil inside the tank 1, and then flows downwards to replenish the winding and core areas, completing a full thermal cycle.

[0034] During this cycle, the fan 40, as a key component of forced air cooling, has a threaded sleeve 41 installed on the side of its outer wall away from the airflow chamber 25. A filter cover 42 is threaded onto the outer wall of the threaded sleeve 41. The filter cover 42 is used to intercept dust, catkins, insects, and other debris in the intake air, preventing them from clogging the fin gaps of the radiator 19. When there is a lot of dust on the surface of the filter cover 42, it can be easily unscrewed through the threaded sleeve 41 for cleaning or replacement.

[0035] Meanwhile, a desiccant 43 is installed on one side of the bottom of the oil conservator 22. The desiccant 43 contains a desiccant and is connected to the air chamber of the oil conservator 22. When the oil conservator 22 "breathes" due to oil level changes, outside air first passes through the desiccant 43, where the moisture is absorbed by the desiccant. The dried, clean air then enters the air chamber of the oil conservator 22, preventing moisture from entering the transformer oil and causing a decrease in insulation performance. The desiccant 43 also typically has a color-changing silica gel indicator window; when the desiccant becomes saturated with moisture, its color changes, indicating that maintenance personnel should replace it.

[0036] The above specific embodiments are merely several optional embodiments of the present invention. Based on the technical solutions of the present invention and the relevant teachings of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make various alternative improvements and combinations to the above specific embodiments.

Claims

1. An oil-immersed self-cooled high heat dissipation transformer, comprising an oil tank (1), characterized in that: The oil tank (1) is equipped with an oil inlet regulating seat (2) on the top and two oil outlet regulating seats (3) on both sides of the bottom of the oil tank (1). Thermal expansion actuators (4) are installed on both sides inside the oil tank (1), and multiple connecting pipes (5) are installed at the output end of the thermal expansion actuators (4). Piston actuators (6) are installed on the top of the oil tank (1) near the oil inlet regulating seat (2) and on the side wall of the oil tank (1) near the oil outlet regulating seat (3), and are connected to the thermal expansion actuators (4) through connecting pipes (5). A pusher (7) is installed on the rod at the output end of the piston actuator (6). The transformer also includes an opening regulating mechanism set inside the oil inlet regulating seat (2) and the oil outlet regulating seat (3) and an energy storage damping mechanism installed on the inner wall of the oil tank (1). The opening adjustment mechanism includes a rotating ring (9) rotatably disposed inside the oil inlet adjustment seat (2) and the oil outlet adjustment seat (3), and a pull rod (8) is installed on one side of the outer wall of the rotating ring (9). A drive plate (10) is installed on the inner wall of the rotating ring (9), and a sliding shaft (11) is slidably disposed inside the drive plate (10). A sliding groove (12) for sliding shaft (11) is opened inside the rotating ring (9), and an adjustment plate (13) is fixedly disposed on one side of the outer wall of the sliding shaft (11). The energy storage damping mechanism includes multiple pulsation dampers (15) installed on the inner wall of the oil tank (1). An elastic diaphragm (16) is installed in the middle of the pulsation damper (15). The elastic diaphragm (16) divides the interior of the pulsation damper (15) into an air chamber and an oil chamber. The multiple pulsation dampers (15) are respectively installed on both sides of the oil outlet adjustment seat (3).

2. The oil-immersed self-cooled high heat dissipation transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the propulsion component (7) is slidably disposed inside the pull rod (8), and the adjustment plate (13) is slidably disposed inside the rotating ring (9).

3. The oil-immersed self-cooled high heat dissipation transformer according to claim 2, characterized in that, A sealing ring (14) is installed on the inner wall of the rotating ring (9), and the sealing ring (14) is in contact with the adjusting plate (13). A rubber pad is installed on the outer wall of the adjusting plate (13).

4. The oil-immersed self-cooled high heat dissipation transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil outlet regulating seat (3) is equipped with an oil drain pipe (24) at the output end. The oil tank (1) is equipped with radiators (19) on both sides of the outer wall. Two flow guide chambers (25) are installed at one end of the radiator (19). A fan (40) is installed at the front end of each of the two flow guide chambers (25). Multiple flow dividers (26) are rotatably installed inside.

5. The oil-immersed self-cooled high heat dissipation transformer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The transformer also includes a swing mechanism located inside the oil drain pipe (24); The swing mechanism includes a cross-shaped fixing plate (32) installed on the inner wall of the oil drain pipe (24), and a worm gear (31) is rotatably arranged inside the cross-shaped fixing plate (32). A bevel gear (33) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the worm gear (31) near the interior of the cross-shaped fixing plate (32). A connecting shaft (35) is rotatably arranged inside the cross-shaped fixing plate (32), and a bevel gear (34) is fixedly arranged at one end of the connecting shaft (35). The bevel gear (34) meshes with the bevel gear (33). A drive disk (36) is installed at the end of the connecting shaft (35) away from the bevel gear (34). A rotating shaft (37) is rotatably arranged on one side inside the drive disk (36). A push rod (38) is fixedly arranged inside the rotating shaft (37). A sliding plate (39) is slidably arranged on the top of the push rod (38). One end of the sliding plate (39) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the bottom diverter plate (26).

6. The oil-immersed self-cooled high heat dissipation transformer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transformer also includes a linkage mechanism located at the end of the shunt plate (26); The linkage mechanism includes a first adapter (27) installed at one end of multiple diverter plates (26), and the first adapter (27) is connected to each other by a first connecting rod (28). The other end of the diverter plate (26) is equipped with a second connecting rod (29), and a second adapter (30) is provided between the two flow guide chambers (25). The two ends of the second adapter (30) are respectively rotatably disposed inside the upper and lower second connecting rods (29).

7. The oil-immersed self-cooled high heat dissipation transformer according to claim 6, characterized in that, A threaded sleeve (41) is installed on the outer wall of the fan (40) away from the flow guide chamber (25), and a filter cover (42) is threaded on the outer wall of the threaded sleeve (41).

8. The oil-immersed self-cooled high heat dissipation transformer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The oil drain pipe (24) is equipped with a main flow pipe (17) at the end away from the oil outlet regulating seat (3). Multiple branch pipes (18) are installed inside the main flow pipe (17), and a manifold (20) is installed at the output end of the branch pipe (18).

9. The oil-immersed self-cooled high heat dissipation transformer according to claim 8, characterized in that, The main flow pipe (17) is located at the bottom of the radiator (19), and the branch pipe (18) is located inside the radiator (19).

10. An oil-immersed self-cooled high heat dissipation transformer according to claim 9, characterized in that, The output end of the manifold (20) is equipped with a return pipe (21), and the output end of the return pipe (21) is equipped with an oil tank (22). The oil tank (22) is installed on one side of the outer wall of the oil tank (1) by a bracket. The oil tank (22) is connected to the oil inlet regulating seat (2) by an oil inlet pipe (23). A dehumidifier (43) is installed on one side of the bottom of the oil tank (22).

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