A circuit breaker opening and closing operating mechanism and a residual current protection circuit breaker

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of circuit breaker technology, specifically to a circuit breaker opening and closing operating mechanism and a residual current protection circuit breaker. The circuit breaker opening and closing operating mechanism of this invention, by setting a switchable clutch component between the electric drive assembly and the driven shaft, and by a control mechanism realizing the switching and maintaining of the clutch component between the engaged and disengaged states, allows the electric drive link to be selectively isolated from the opening and closing actuator without power interruption. This avoids interruption of monitoring and data acquisition due to power failure during on-site maintenance, reducing the risk of missing operational data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of circuit breaker technology, specifically to a circuit breaker opening and closing operation mechanism and a residual current protection circuit breaker. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial switching and protection component in power distribution systems, circuit breakers typically possess basic operating functions such as opening and closing. They transmit driving force to the opening and closing actuators via operating mechanisms to complete the breaking and connecting actions. With the development of intelligent power distribution equipment, online monitoring, and remote operation and maintenance, circuit breakers are often equipped with electric opening and closing drive and control units. These units continuously collect, record, and upload operational information such as current, voltage, residual current, and opening / closing status for applications such as operational analysis, fault tracing, and intelligent diagnostics.

[0003] During on-site maintenance, commissioning, or emergency response, operators typically need to manually open and close circuit breakers. To avoid safety risks from accidental remote control triggering, existing measures often involve disconnecting the electric opening and closing control circuit, removing the control power supply, or cutting off the control signal to isolate remote opening and closing control. However, these methods often force the interruption of detection and data acquisition functions that share a power supply or power link with the control unit, resulting in the inability to continuously record and upload critical operational data during maintenance, leading to data loss. Furthermore, the system needs to be powered on and restored after maintenance, affecting operational efficiency and the completeness of subsequent data analysis.

[0004] Therefore, how to achieve reliable isolation between the electric opening and closing drive link and the opening and closing actuator without cutting off the power supply to the circuit breaker monitoring and data acquisition functions, and ensure the controllability and safety of manual opening and closing operations on site, has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (i) The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that in order to avoid the danger of remote electric opening and closing misoperation that endangers the work safety when the existing circuit breaker is being repaired on site, it is usually necessary to isolate the control circuit by disconnecting the power, but this leads to the problem of interruption of monitoring and data acquisition and loss of operation data.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a circuit breaker opening and closing operation mechanism, including an opening and closing actuator, and further comprising: The drive assembly is connected to the opening and closing actuator on the output side, and is used to transmit the opening and closing power to the opening and closing actuator; An electric drive assembly includes a drive motor having an output shaft; The driven shaft is coaxially corresponding to the output shaft, and the output end of the driven shaft is connected to the input side of the actuation transmission assembly. A clutch assembly includes a first clutch assembly and a second clutch assembly. The first clutch assembly is circumferentially locked to the output shaft, and the second clutch assembly is circumferentially locked to the driven shaft. A first clutch portion and a second clutch portion are respectively provided on opposite sides of the first clutch assembly and the second clutch assembly. When the first clutch portion and the second clutch portion are engaged, torque transmission is established between the output shaft and the driven shaft; and when disengaged, the torque transmission is released. The control mechanism includes a manual operating part and a clutch switching assembly pulsatingly connected to the manual operating part. The clutch switching assembly acts on the clutch assembly to switch the clutch assembly between the engaged state and the disengaged state, and to selectively maintain the clutch assembly in the engaged state or the disengaged state. The manual drive component has its output side connected to the input side of the actuator, and is used to manually drive the actuator.

[0007] In the above structure, the output shaft and driven shaft of the drive motor are arranged coaxially, aligning the input and transmission axes of the electric drive link, which facilitates a compact transmission arrangement within the circuit breaker. The output end of the driven shaft is connected to the input side of the actuator, allowing the electric drive force to be introduced into the actuator via the driven shaft and ultimately act on the opening and closing actuator. A clutch assembly is arranged between the output shaft and the driven shaft. The first clutch assembly is circumferentially locked to the output shaft, and the second clutch assembly is circumferentially locked to the driven shaft. A first clutch portion and a second clutch portion are provided on opposite sides of both, thus creating different torque transmission relationships in two states: when the first and second clutch portions are engaged, the torque of the output shaft is transmitted to the driven shaft via the clutch portions; when disengaged, the clutch portions release contact, and the torque transmission between the output shaft and the driven shaft is cut off.

[0008] The control mechanism drives the clutch switching component via a manual operation unit, switching the clutch component between engaged and disengaged states and maintaining it in the selected state. When switched to the disengaged state, the motor-side drive link is mechanically isolated. Even if the remote electric opening and closing control is falsely triggered, its torque will not continue to be transmitted to the driven shaft and the opening and closing actuators, structurally isolating remote misoperation. Because isolation is achieved by disconnecting the mechanical transmission link, rather than by cutting off power to the control circuit or the entire machine, isolation and on-site operation can be completed while maintaining continuous power supply to the circuit breaker monitoring, data acquisition, and communication units. Simultaneously, the output side of the manual drive component is directly connected to the input side of the actuator, allowing manual driving force to be input to the actuator without going through the clutch link between the output shaft and the driven shaft, thus directly driving the opening and closing actuators.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first clutch portion includes a plurality of clutch teeth spaced apart circumferentially, and the second clutch portion includes a plurality of engagement grooves corresponding one-to-one with the clutch teeth; and the first clutch assembly is axially movable relative to the output shaft while being axially locked into the output shaft, so that the clutch teeth are axially engaged with the engagement grooves in the engaged state and axially separated from the engagement grooves in the disengaged state.

[0010] In the above structure, the first clutch part employs multiple clutch teeth spaced circumferentially, and the second clutch part employs multiple corresponding meshing grooves, enabling the clutch assembly to form a multi-point torque transmission interface in the circumferential direction. Compared to single-point or few-tooth meshing, the multi-tooth distribution can distribute impact loads and transient torques in the engaged state, reduce single-tooth contact stress and local wear, thereby improving the power transmission reliability and action consistency during the electric brake opening and closing drive process, and reducing the risk of jamming caused by meshing gaps or uneven load distribution.

[0011] Simultaneously, the first clutch assembly, while circumferentially locked to the output shaft, can still move axially relative to the output shaft, allowing the clutch's "engagement / disengagement" to be achieved through axial engagement and disengagement: in the engaged state, the clutch teeth and engagement grooves engage axially, forming a clear torque transmission path; in the disengaged state, the clutch teeth and engagement grooves are pulled apart axially and released from contact, structurally severing the torque coupling between the electric drive link and the driven shaft. This axial switching method achieves mechanical isolation without relying on power outages or disassembly of electrical connections, and the switching stroke is clear with well-defined state boundaries, facilitating rapid remote electric opening and closing isolation during on-site maintenance, and maintaining the continuity of system operating data without affecting the power supply for monitoring and data acquisition.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the outer periphery of the side of the first clutch assembly opposite to the second clutch assembly is provided with an annular groove; The clutch switching assembly includes a support, a swing frame, and an actuating component. The lower part of the swing frame is rotatably connected to the support via a rotating shaft. The swing frame has two opposing side plates, and each side plate is provided with a guide groove. The actuating component includes a holding part and guide protrusions extending from both sides of the holding part. The holding part is engaged in the annular groove, and the guide protrusions extend into the corresponding guide grooves and slide along the groove wall. The manual control unit is located on the upper part of the swing frame; The holding part abuts against the opposite side wall of the annular groove in the axial direction; when the swing frame swings around the rotating shaft, the groove wall of the guide groove pushes the guide boss, causing the actuating member to move axially along the output shaft.

[0013] In the above structure, an annular groove is provided on the outer periphery of the first clutch assembly, allowing the clutch assembly to receive the switching driving force in a "peripheral force" manner. This avoids the need for a complex push-pull structure at the shaft end, thus providing a clear and stable force interface for clutch switching without changing the coaxial arrangement of the motor output shaft and the clutch assembly. The holding part of the actuating member engages with the annular groove and abuts against the opposite sidewall of the groove in the axial direction, allowing the force exerted by the actuating member on the first clutch assembly to be directly converted into axial thrust / pull force. The clutch switching stroke and force path are clear, reducing the possibility of slippage, uneven load, or jamming during switching.

[0014] Meanwhile, the clutch switching assembly adopts a rotating connection of support part—rotating shaft—swing frame, in conjunction with guide grooves on both side plates and guide bosses on both sides of the actuating component, so that the swinging action applied by the manual operation part is stably converted into the axial linear movement of the actuating component under structural constraints: when the swing frame swings around the rotating shaft, the groove wall of the guide groove pushes against the guide boss and guides it to slide along the groove wall, thereby driving the actuating component to move axially along the output shaft; since the actuating component forms a reliable force transmission with the annular groove through the holding part, the axial movement of the actuating component further realizes the axial switching of the first clutch assembly. This "swing-guide-axial push" motion conversion method allows on-site personnel to complete the clutch engagement / disengagement switching with a small operating stroke, and the double-sided guide constraints reduce the swinging, deflection and swerving of the actuating component, improve the smoothness and repeatability of the switching process, and thus improve the reliability and safety of mechanical isolation operations in maintenance scenarios.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the actuating component includes a first actuating member and a second actuating member that are separately arranged. The first actuating member and the second actuating member are arranged opposite to each other and each has a semi-annular holding section. The two semi-annular holding sections are arranged to enclose each other to form a holding space for holding the annular groove. The first actuating member and the second actuating member are connected by a detachable connector, which is used to adjust the enclosing size of the holding space.

[0016] In the above structure, the actuating component consists of a first actuating member and a second actuating member, which are separate from each other. Each forms a semi-annular holding section and they enclose each other to create a holding space, allowing the actuating component to achieve a wrap-around clamping effect on the annular slot through a "split-and-enclosed" manner. Compared to a single annular component, the split structure eliminates the need for axial sleeves or large-stroke clearance during assembly and disassembly. Assembly can be completed radially within a limited space, facilitating installation and maintenance in confined locations such as within the circuit breaker housing. It also reduces reliance on the openness of the clutch assembly's end structure.

[0017] Furthermore, the first and second actuating components are connected by a detachable connector, and the enclosure size of the holding space can be adjusted via the connector, making the clamping tightness of the actuating components on the annular groove adjustable. On the one hand, the clamping clearance can be compensated according to manufacturing tolerances, assembly deviations, and wear conditions, avoiding unstable switching force transmission or increased impact clearance due to excessively loose clamping; on the other hand, it can prevent excessively tight clamping from causing additional resistance to the circumferential rotation of the first clutch assembly, thereby ensuring that the actuating components can reliably transmit axial thrust / pull force while reducing the risk of frictional heat generation and wear, and improving the durability and operational consistency of the clutch switching mechanism under long-term frequent switching conditions.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first actuating member and the second actuating member have the same structure and are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner. Both include a semi-circular holding section and connecting sections respectively connected to both sides of the semi-circular holding section. The connecting sections are provided with connecting holes for the connecting members to pass through. The outer end of the connecting section on one side of the semi-annular holding section extends to form a cylindrical guide boss.

[0019] In the above structure, the first and second actuating components adopt the same structure and are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner, allowing the actuating components to be formed by mirror assembly of the same type of parts. This reduces the differences in part types and machining tooling, facilitating mass production, spare parts management, and on-site replacement. Simultaneously, connecting sections are provided on both sides of the semi-circular holding section for the two actuating components, with connecting holes on the connecting sections for the connecting parts to pass through, achieving a clear assembly datum and connection path. The cooperation between the connecting holes and the connecting parts makes the relative position of the two actuating components controllable, ensuring the forming accuracy of the holding space and providing a structural basis for the adjustable enclosure dimensions. This facilitates obtaining a stable and consistent holding effect under different tolerance combinations.

[0020] Furthermore, the cylindrical guide boss is designed to extend from the outer end of the connecting section on one side of the semi-circular holding section, making the guide boss and the actuating component body integrated. This avoids the risk of loosening and assembly complexity caused by installing additional guide pins or independent rollers. The cylindrical guide boss and the swing frame guide groove form a stable sliding guide pair. Its cylindrical shape has good contact continuity and fault tolerance in the guide groove, which helps to reduce the probability of local scratches, jamming and uneven wear during the guiding process. It also makes the actuating component more evenly stressed and smoother when performing axial pushing, thereby improving the stability and repeatability of clutch switching action.

[0021] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the input side of the transmission assembly is provided with a first bevel gear and an input shaft, the first bevel gear being circumferentially locked to the input shaft; the output end of the driven shaft is provided with a second bevel gear; the manual drive assembly includes a manual output shaft, on which a third bevel gear is provided; both the second bevel gear and the third bevel gear mesh with the first bevel gear, and the second bevel gear and the third bevel gear are offset from each other circumferentially along the first bevel gear; The operating mechanism further includes a first fixed support, a second fixed support, and a third fixed support. The first fixed support has a first shaft hole for supporting the input shaft, through which the input shaft passes and is supported by the first fixed support. The second fixed support has a second shaft hole for supporting the driven shaft, through which the driven shaft passes and is supported by the second fixed support. The third fixed support has a third shaft hole for supporting the manual output shaft, through which the manual output shaft passes and is supported by the third fixed support.

[0022] In the above structure, a first bevel gear is mounted on the input shaft of the actuator, meshing with a second bevel gear at the end of the driven shaft and a third bevel gear on the manual output shaft, respectively. This allows the electric drive link and the manual drive link to converge torque spatially through the same input side. Bevel gear transmission can achieve steering and direction-changing transmission under the condition that the two axes intersect, which is suitable for the layout requirements where the internal space of the circuit breaker housing is limited and the transmission path needs to be deflected. At the same time, the second and third bevel gears are staggered along the circumference of the first bevel gear, so that the electric and manual inputs do not obstruct each other structurally. This facilitates the formation of a compact dual-path transmission layout on the same input side and reduces the risk of mutual interference between the two transmissions, which helps to ensure that both electric and manual inputs can stably act on the actuator.

[0023] Furthermore, the input shaft, driven shaft, and manual output shaft are supported and positioned by the first, second, and third fixed supports, respectively. This ensures that the axial relationship, meshing position, and center distance of the three shafts and their corresponding bevel gears are directly guaranteed by the structural components, preventing meshing misalignment, unstable meshing clearance, and uneven wear on the tooth surfaces caused by shaft end suspension or insufficient support rigidity. The shaft holes on the fixed supports provide clear assembly references and radial support for each shaft, improving the stability and transmission efficiency of the bevel gear meshing. This also maintains the consistency of the transmission pair's posture under the impact load of opening and closing the brakes, thereby reducing noise and wear and extending transmission life.

[0024] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the second fixed support member is a plate; the second clutch assembly is sleeved on the driven shaft and circumferentially locked to the driven shaft, and the second clutch assembly is slidable along the driven shaft axis; an elastic member is provided between the plate and the second clutch assembly, and the elastic member applies a spring force along the driven shaft axis to the second clutch assembly to make it tend toward the first clutch assembly; the first clutch part and the second clutch part are one-way engagement structures, and the first clutch part and the second clutch part respectively include a plurality of one-way clutch teeth arranged circumferentially, each of the one-way clutch teeth having a working surface and a relief surface, the working surfaces abutting each other to transmit torque when a predetermined direction is turned, and the relief surfaces sliding against each other to disengage the gear when the opposite direction is turned.

[0025] In the above structure, the second fixed support is set as a plate, which supports and positions the driven shaft. This provides a clear installation reference and force support for the driven shaft and the transmission branch containing the second clutch assembly, facilitating the integrated arrangement of the clutch and transmission components within a compact space. The second clutch assembly is sleeved on the driven shaft and circumferentially locked to it, while also allowing axial sliding along the driven shaft. This allows the second clutch assembly to form an axially adjustable engagement / disengagement interface with the first clutch assembly while maintaining torque input capability, providing a structural basis for stable control of the clutch state.

[0026] Furthermore, an elastic element is provided between the plate and the second clutch assembly, applying force axially along the driven shaft. This allows the second clutch assembly to be continuously pushed axially towards the first clutch assembly, creating a preload effect for clutch engagement. On one hand, the preload force can compensate for assembly tolerances and wear clearances, reducing the risk of tooth skipping, false engagement, or impact engagement of the clutch teeth in the engaged state, and improving the stability of torque transmission. On the other hand, this preload structure, combined with the axially slippery characteristics of the second clutch assembly, provides the clutch with a releaseable axial clearance space during abnormal force, reverse force, or switching processes, thereby improving the fault tolerance and durability of the mechanism.

[0027] Meanwhile, the first and second clutch sections adopt a one-way engagement structure, achieving a torque characteristic of "one-way transmission and reverse disengagement" through the difference between the working surface and the yielding surface of the one-way clutch teeth: during the predetermined direction of rotation, the working surfaces abut against each other to form effective meshing and transmit torque; during the opposite direction of rotation, the yielding surfaces slide against each other and disengage. Therefore, even if the clutch assembly is not fully disengaged, the manual drive assembly can still apply driving force to the actuator and complete the opening and closing operation at the required direction, thus avoiding manual operation being restricted by the clutch engagement state and being locked, improving the reliability of operation and emergency response capabilities during on-site maintenance.

[0028] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the elastic element includes a spring, one end of which is fixedly connected to the second clutch assembly and rotates with the second clutch assembly, and the other end of which faces the plate and is disposed opposite to the plate; a sliding isolator is provided between the plate and the other end of the spring, the sliding isolator having a sliding contact surface that abuts against the other end of the spring, so that the other end of the spring slides through the sliding contact surface when it rotates relative to the plate.

[0029] In the above structure, the elastic element uses a spring to achieve axial preload on the second clutch assembly. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the second clutch assembly and rotates with it, ensuring that the application point of the preload force is consistent with the clutch assembly. This provides a stable axial thrust continuously during clutch engagement / disengagement and transmission impact, which helps maintain the preloaded state of the second clutch assembly towards the first clutch assembly and reduces the risk of engagement loosening. Meanwhile, the other end of the spring is positioned towards the plate, using the plate as a force reference to form a compact axial force circuit, facilitating the arrangement of the preload structure within a limited space.

[0030] Furthermore, a sliding isolator is provided between the plate and the other end of the spring, and its sliding contact surface abuts against the end of the spring. This prevents the spring end from directly engaging in hard frictional contact with the plate when it rotates with the second clutch assembly; instead, the sliding isolator bears the relative sliding friction. This structure reduces the risk of wear and scratches on the plate, prevents metal shavings or burrs from affecting the force and rebound characteristics of the spring end, and reduces the interference of end frictional resistance on the stability of the preload. This improves the durability and long-term consistency of the preload mechanism, and is beneficial for the stable maintenance of the clutch engagement state and the reliability of the opening and closing actions.

[0031] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the output shaft is provided with a first limiting member and the driven shaft is provided with a second limiting member. The first limiting member and the second limiting member are respectively used to restrict the first clutch assembly and the second clutch assembly from disengaging along the axial direction of the corresponding shaft. When the clutch assembly is in the engaged state, at least one of the first clutch portion and the second clutch portion protrudes from the corresponding limiting member along the axial direction of the corresponding shaft.

[0032] A first limiting member and a second limiting member are respectively provided on the output shaft and the driven shaft to end-constrain the axial travel of the first clutch assembly and the second clutch assembly. This can prevent the clutch assembly from overstepping axially and dislodging from the corresponding shaft under clutch switching, impact load, or vibration conditions, thereby improving the assembly reliability and safety of the clutch assembly during long-term operation and frequent switching, and reducing the risk of failure due to component detachment.

[0033] Meanwhile, when the clutch assembly is in the engaged state, at least one of the first clutch part and the second clutch part protrudes from the corresponding limiting member along the corresponding axis, so that the setting of the limiting member will not block or weaken the effective engagement area of ​​the clutch part: under the premise of satisfying the anti-disengagement limiting, the clutch part can still extend out of the limiting member to form a complete engagement depth and contact area, thereby ensuring that the torque transmission path is stable and the gear engagement is reliable in the engaged state, avoiding problems such as insufficient engagement, skipped teeth or discontinuous force transmission caused by interference from the limiting member, and achieving compatibility between "anti-disengagement" and "stable gear engagement".

[0034] The present invention also provides a residual current protection circuit breaker, including a circuit breaker body, the circuit breaker further including the circuit breaker opening and closing operating mechanism as described in any of the above claims, the circuit breaker opening and closing operating mechanism being installed in the circuit breaker body; wherein, the opening and closing actuator of the circuit breaker body constitutes the opening and closing actuator in the circuit breaker opening and closing operating mechanism.

[0035] This invention also integrates the aforementioned opening and closing operating mechanism into a residual current protection circuit breaker. By installing this operating mechanism inside the circuit breaker body, the circuit breaker can achieve a coordinated arrangement of electric and manual drives and switchable mechanical isolation capabilities while maintaining the original configuration of the opening and closing actuators. This meets the requirements for safety and controllability of opening and closing operations in scenarios such as on-site maintenance, and facilitates the completion of opening and closing operations without affecting the normal monitoring and data acquisition functions of the circuit breaker.

[0036] (III) Beneficial effects of the present invention: Compared with the prior art, the circuit breaker opening and closing operation mechanism of the present invention sets a switchable clutch component between the electric drive component and the driven shaft, and the control mechanism realizes the switching and state maintenance of the clutch component between the engaged state and the disengaged state, so that the electric drive link can be selectively isolated from the opening and closing actuator under the condition of no power interruption, thereby avoiding the interruption of monitoring and data acquisition caused by power failure during on-site maintenance and reducing the risk of missing operating data.

[0037] Meanwhile, the present invention provides a manual drive component on the input side of the actuator transmission component, so that the actuator transmission component can still be manually driven to complete the opening and closing operation when the clutch component is in the disengaged state. This not only meets the safety isolation requirements of on-site operations, but also maintains the controllability and continuity of the opening and closing operation, and improves the operation and maintenance efficiency under conditions such as maintenance and debugging. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a residual current protection circuit breaker provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the internal structure of a residual current protection circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a circuit breaker opening and closing operation mechanism provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a circuit breaker opening and closing operation mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention from a second perspective; Figure 5 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of a circuit breaker opening and closing operation mechanism provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a clutch assembly provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a control mechanism provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a toggle component provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Icons: 1. Circuit breaker / opening actuator; 2. Actuation transmission assembly; 21. First bevel gear; 22. Input shaft; 3. Electric drive assembly; 31. Drive motor; 311. Output shaft; 3111. First limiting member; 312. Driven shaft; 3121. Second bevel gear; 3122. Second limiting member; 32. Clutch assembly; 321. First clutch assembly; 3211. First clutch part; 3212. Annular groove; 322. Second clutch assembly; 3221. Second clutch part; 33. Control mechanism; 331. Manual operation unit; 332. Clutch switching group Components; 3321, Support part; 3322, Swing frame; 301, Guide groove; 3323, Actuating component; 302, Holding part; 303, Guide boss; 3001, First actuating component; 3002, Second actuating component; 304, Connecting section; 3041, Connecting hole; 4, Manual drive assembly; 41, Manual output shaft; 411, Third bevel gear; 51, First fixed support; 52, Second fixed support; 53, Third fixed support; 6, Elastic component; 61, Sliding isolation component; 701, One-way clutch tooth; 10, Body; 101, Cover. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Specific Implementation

[0042] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, the circuit breaker opening and closing operating mechanism provided in this embodiment is applied within the circuit breaker body 10 of a residual current protection circuit breaker. It reliably transmits the opening and closing driving force to the opening and closing actuator 1 within the circuit breaker body 10 under both electric and manual driving modes, and selectively mechanically isolates the electric opening and closing drive link during on-site maintenance and other operating conditions. The circuit breaker includes a housing 101 and a body 10. The body 10 typically integrates residual current detection and tripping mechanisms, contact mechanisms, terminal connections, and monitoring, acquisition, and communication functional components. The opening and closing actuator 1, as a conventional operating structure, preferably includes a swing arm that swings around a swing axis between the open and closed positions. The swing of the swing arm drives the contact mechanism to achieve opening or closing. In this embodiment, the circuit breaker opening and closing operation mechanism is arranged on one side of the opening and closing actuator 1 and forms a transmission cooperation relationship with the swing arm, so that the opening and closing power output by the electric drive component 3 or the manual drive component 4 can be input, transmitted and output within the circuit breaker body 10, while providing an assembly and motion basis for the clutch switching, transmission direction change and lateral compact arrangement described later.

[0043] like Figures 2 to 6 As shown, the circuit breaker opening and closing operating mechanism is installed inside the body 10 and is arranged in conjunction with the opening and closing actuator 1. In this embodiment, the electric drive assembly 3 includes a drive motor 31. The output shaft 311 of the drive motor 31 and the driven shaft 312 are coaxially corresponding. The two can be assembled by end face coaxial docking or coaxial through assembly to ensure axis consistency. The output end of the driven shaft 312 is connected to the input side of the execution transmission assembly 2. In this embodiment, the input side of the execution transmission assembly 2 achieves transmission docking through the meshing of the first bevel gear 21 and the second bevel gear 3121 at the end of the driven shaft 312. This allows the drive motor 31 to input opening and closing power to the execution transmission assembly 2 via the output shaft 311 and the driven shaft 312. The output side of the execution transmission assembly 2 is then connected to the opening and closing actuator 1 to complete the connection of the drive link.

[0044] The clutch assembly 32 is disposed between the output shaft 311 and the driven shaft 312. The clutch assembly 32 includes a first clutch kit 321 and a second clutch kit 322. The first clutch kit 321 is circumferentially locked to the output shaft 311. In this embodiment, a spline fit is used to achieve circumferential locking, and an axial lock fit is achieved through an axial shoulder and a retaining ring fit. The second clutch kit 322 is circumferentially locked to the driven shaft 312. In this embodiment, a spline fit is also used to ensure synchronous rotation with the driven shaft 312. The first clutch assembly 321 and the second clutch assembly 322 are respectively formed on opposite sides of each other, forming a first clutch portion 3211 and a second clutch portion 3221. The first clutch portion 3211 includes a plurality of clutch teeth spaced apart circumferentially, and the second clutch portion 3221 includes a plurality of meshing grooves corresponding one-to-one with the clutch teeth. In the engaged state, each clutch tooth inserts into the corresponding meshing groove axially to form an end face meshing interface, enabling torque transmission between the output shaft 311 and the driven shaft 312. In the disengaged state, each clutch tooth exits the meshing groove axially to release torque transmission. To achieve the above-mentioned engagement and disengagement switching, the first clutch assembly 321 is axially movable relative to the output shaft 311 while being axially locked in place. In this embodiment, a guide fitting section is provided on the outer periphery of the output shaft 311, and a corresponding sliding fitting section is formed in the inner hole of the first clutch assembly 321, so that the first clutch assembly 321 remains coaxially guided during axial movement and is not prone to deflection.

[0045] In this embodiment, as Figure 6 As shown, the first clutch assembly 321 has an annular groove 3212 on its outer periphery opposite to the second clutch assembly 322. The annular groove 3212 is an annular groove structure continuously arranged in the circumferential direction. Its two side groove walls form a force-bearing surface for external actuating components to abut and apply force, which facilitates the application of axial pushing and pulling force to the first clutch assembly 321 to drive its axial movement. The output shaft 311 is provided with a first limiting member 3111, and the driven shaft 312 is provided with a second limiting member 3122. The first limiting member 3111 and the second limiting member 3122 are respectively used to limit the first clutch assembly 321 and the second clutch assembly 322 from disengaging along the corresponding shaft. In this embodiment, the first limiting member 3111 is a retaining ring provided at the end of the output shaft 311, and the second limiting member 3122 is a retaining ring provided at the end of the driven shaft 312. The two cooperate with the annular grooves on the corresponding shafts to form axial limiting. Furthermore, when the clutch assembly 32 is engaged, at least one of the first clutch portion 3211 and the second clutch portion 3221 protrudes axially from the corresponding limiting member along the corresponding shaft, so that the clutch teeth and the meshing groove have an effective axial engagement stroke while satisfying the anti-disengagement limiting constraint, thus preventing the first limiting member 3111 or the second limiting member 3122 from blocking the engagement area of ​​the first clutch portion 3211 and the second clutch portion 3221 and affecting the stability of torque transmission.

[0046] like Figure 3, 4 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the control mechanism 33 is arranged in the outer region of the clutch assembly 32, facilitating the application of operating force to the clutch switching assembly 332 via the manual operating part 331. In this embodiment, the manual operating part 331 adopts an exposed operating handle structure and is fixedly installed on the upper part of the swing frame 3322, so that the push-pull or flicking action applied by the operator to the manual operating part 331 can be directly converted into the swing of the swing frame 3322 around the pivot. The support part 3321 in the clutch switching assembly 332 is fixed on the mechanism mounting surface as a mounting base. The lower part of the swing frame 3322 is rotatably connected to the support part 3321 via a pivot, thereby defining the swing center and swing plane of the swing frame 3322. The two side plates of the swing frame 3322 are arranged opposite to each other and spaced apart. Guide grooves 301 are respectively opened on the two side plates. In this embodiment, the guide groove 301 is a long strip-shaped slotted structure, and its slot opening faces the accommodating space between the two side plates to provide a restricted guide path for the guide boss 303 of the actuating member 3323.

[0047] The actuating member 3323 is located between the two side plates of the swing frame 3322 and cooperates with the annular groove 3212. The holding part 302 is engaged in the annular groove 3212, so that the actuating member 3323 is restricted in the circumferential direction relative to the first clutch assembly 321 and can apply a pushing or pulling action to the opposite side wall of the annular groove 3212 in the axial direction. In this embodiment, the holding part 302 cooperates with the annular groove 3212 in a circumferential manner, and forms an axial abutment relationship with the two side groove walls of the annular groove 3212, so that when the actuating member 3323 moves axially along the output shaft 311, it can drive the first clutch assembly 321 to generate axial displacement synchronously. The guide bosses 303 extend from both sides of the holding part 302 and respectively extend into the corresponding guide grooves 301. The outer peripheral surface of the guide bosses 303 slides in contact with the groove wall of the guide groove 301. When the swing frame 3322 swings around the axis, the groove wall of the guide groove 301 pushes against the guide bosses 303 and limits their movement direction, causing the actuating member 3323 to form a controlled linear displacement in the axial direction of the output shaft 311. This drives the first clutch assembly 321 to move axially relative to the output shaft 311, thereby realizing the switching of the clutch assembly 32 between the engaged and disengaged states. Since the guide bosses 303 are symmetrically guided from both sides, the actuating member 3323 is less likely to deviate during axial movement, and the enveloping engagement of the holding part 302 with the annular groove 3212 can stably transmit axial force, so that the clutch assembly 32 can remain in the corresponding state after reaching the corresponding switching position.

[0048] like Figure 8As shown, in this embodiment, the actuating member 3323 consists of a first actuating member 3001 and a second actuating member 3002, which are separately arranged. They are positioned opposite each other and each has a semi-annular holding section. The two semi-annular holding sections enclose each other to form a holding space for holding the annular groove 3212, thus allowing the actuating member 3323 to assemble the annular groove 3212 without requiring a large axial stroke through the sleeve. The first actuating member 3001 and the second actuating member 3002 are connected by a detachable connector. The connector passes through a connecting hole 3041 on the connecting section 304 and is locked in place. By changing the locking position or clamping state of the connector, the enclosure size of the holding space can be adjusted to accommodate the machining tolerances and assembly clearances of the annular groove 3212. The first actuating member 3001 and the second actuating member 3002 have the same structure and are arranged symmetrically at the center, so that the two form a symmetrical clamping of the annular groove 3212 after they are enclosed; and the outer end of the connecting section 304 on one side of the semi-annular holding section extends to form a cylindrical guide boss 303. When the cylindrical guide boss 303 slides in contact with the groove wall of the guide groove 301, the contact continuity is good, which facilitates smooth guidance during the swing of the swing frame 3322.

[0049] The output side of the manual drive assembly 4 is connected to the input side of the actuation transmission assembly 2. In this embodiment, the manual drive assembly 4 includes a manual output shaft 41, on which a third bevel gear 411 is mounted. The input side of the actuation transmission assembly 2 is provided with an input shaft 22 and a first bevel gear 21. The first bevel gear 21 is circumferentially locked to the input shaft 22, thereby converting the torque input of the bevel gear into the rotation of the input shaft 22. A second bevel gear 3121 is provided at the output end of the driven shaft 312. The second bevel gear 3121 and the third bevel gear 411 mesh with the first bevel gear 21 respectively, so that the first bevel gear 21 can selectively receive torque input from either the driven shaft 312 side or the manual output shaft 41 side. In this embodiment, the second bevel gear 3121 and the third bevel gear 411 are staggered circumferentially along the first bevel gear 21 to achieve structural avoidance within the same meshing area and reduce the possibility of mutual interference. The first fixed support 51, the second fixed support 52, and the third fixed support 53 are used to provide support and positioning for the input shaft 22, the driven shaft 312, and the manual output shaft 41, respectively. Each fixed support has a corresponding shaft hole to form a rotational support. In this embodiment, each shaft passes through the corresponding shaft hole and is radially positioned by the fixed support, so that the axial relationship and meshing position of the first bevel gear 21, the second bevel gear 3121, and the third bevel gear 411 are constrained by the structural reference, thereby ensuring that the meshing state of the electric input and manual input transmissions is stable and the transmission path is clear after assembly.

[0050] In this embodiment, the second fixed support member 52 is a plate-shaped component disposed at the support position of the driven shaft 312. The plate provides an installation reference and radial support for the driven shaft 312, and also serves as a force-bearing reference and limiting reference surface for the elastic member 6. The second clutch assembly 322 is sleeved on the driven shaft 312 and circumferentially locked to it, so as to rotate synchronously with the driven shaft 312 in the circumferential direction. At the same time, the second clutch assembly 322 is axially slidable relative to the driven shaft 312, so that it has an axial clearance stroke while maintaining torque coupling capability, thereby forming a controllable engagement and disengagement relationship between the first clutch assembly 321 and the second clutch assembly 322. An elastic element 6 is provided between the plate and the second clutch assembly 322. The elastic element 6 applies a spring force to the second clutch assembly 322 along the driven shaft 312 axis to make it tend towards the first clutch assembly 321. In this embodiment, the spring force keeps the second clutch part 3221 close to the first clutch part 3211 through elastic pre-tightening, so as to compensate for the change in engagement depth caused by assembly clearance and wear, and make the clutch contact interface less prone to axial movement under vibration or impact conditions.

[0051] Furthermore, the first clutch assembly 3211 and the second clutch assembly 3221 adopt a one-way engagement structure, each including a plurality of one-way clutch teeth 701 spaced circumferentially. Each one-way clutch tooth 701 is provided with a working surface and a yielding surface, wherein the working surfaces abut against each other to establish a torque transmission channel when the predetermined direction of rotation is turned, and the yielding surfaces slide against each other to disengage the gears when the opposite direction of rotation is turned. By means of the above-mentioned one-way engagement relationship, even if the first clutch assembly 321 and the second clutch assembly 322 are in a close state or in partial contact state, when the transmission direction is switched, the yielding surfaces can provide a relative sliding path, so that the clutch interface releases the circumferential constraint under the opposite direction of rotation, avoiding hard obstruction to manual input; while under the predetermined direction of rotation, the working surfaces form a clear abutment and force-receiving surface, thereby ensuring that the torque of the electric drive link can be stably transmitted to the driven shaft 312 and further introduced into the actuator transmission assembly 2.

[0052] In this embodiment, the elastic element 6 specifically adopts a spring structure. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the second clutch assembly 322 and rotates with the second clutch assembly 322, so that the end of the spring is synchronized with the second clutch assembly 322 in the circumferential direction. The other end of the spring faces the plate and is set opposite to the plate, thereby forming an axial force circuit with the plate as the reference. In order to avoid the end of the spring directly rubbing and wearing against the plate when rotating with the second clutch assembly 322, a sliding isolation element 61 is provided between the plate and the other end of the spring. The sliding isolation element 61 has a sliding contact surface that abuts against the end of the spring. When the second clutch assembly 322 rotates and causes the end of the spring to move relative to the plate in the circumferential direction, the end of the spring achieves controlled sliding through the sliding contact surface, thereby reducing the end friction resistance and wear risk while maintaining the axial preload, and making the elastic preload more stably maintained at the clutch interface.

[0053] Based on the above structure, the circuit breaker opening and closing operation mechanism of this embodiment is mainly designed for two types of field conditions: one is daily operation or remote control scenarios, which require the electric drive component 3 to complete the opening and closing; the other is on-site maintenance, debugging, or emergency response scenarios, where operators need to avoid accidental triggering of remote electric opening and closing affecting operational safety without disconnecting the power supply links for monitoring and data acquisition, while still being able to reliably complete the opening and closing manually on-site. To this end, operators can first perform a mechanical switch for "electric link isolation / restoration" through the manual operation unit 331 of the control mechanism 33, and then perform electric or manual opening and closing operations as needed. Throughout the process, the motion relationship and force path of each transmission component remain clear and repeatable.

[0054] When electric opening and closing is required, the operator moves the manual control unit 331 to the position where the clutch assembly 32 is engaged. At this time, the first clutch part 3211 and the second clutch part 3221 on the opposite sides of the first clutch assembly 321 and the second clutch assembly 322 are in an axial meshing state. Multiple clutch teeth and corresponding meshing grooves form an insertion fit, thereby establishing torque transmission between the output shaft 311 and the driven shaft 312. After the drive motor 31 drives the output shaft 311 to rotate, the torque is transmitted through the first clutch assembly 321 to the second clutch assembly 322 and drives the driven shaft 312 to rotate. The second bevel gear 3121 at the output end of the driven shaft 312 meshes with the first bevel gear 21 at the input end of the actuator 2, introducing power into the input shaft 22. The input shaft 22 then drives the opening and closing actuator 1 through the transmission link of the actuator 2, causing the swing arm to swing around the swing axis between the opening position and the closing position and drive the contact mechanism to complete the opening or closing. In the engaged state, the first limiting member 3111 and the second limiting member 3122 respectively provide axial travel constraints on the first clutch assembly 321 and the second clutch assembly 322, so as to avoid the clutch assembly from moving axially under the impact load or vibration conditions of opening and closing, which would affect the engagement stability and make the electric opening and closing action more controllable.

[0055] When entering the site for maintenance or when it is necessary to prevent remote misoperation, the operator first moves the manual control unit 331 to the position where the clutch assembly 32 is disengaged. This switching action is specifically realized by the clutch switching assembly 332: the lower part of the swing frame 3322 is rotatably connected to the support part 3321 through a rotating shaft. The swing applied by the operator to the manual control unit 331 will cause the swing frame 3322 to swing around the rotating shaft; the guide grooves 301 on both sides of the swing frame 3322 will then push against the guide bosses 303 on both sides of the actuating member 3323 and guide them to slide along the groove wall, so that the actuating member 3323 moves axially along the output shaft 311. Because the holding part 302 of the actuating member 3323 engages with the annular groove 3212 on the outer periphery of the first clutch assembly 321 and abuts against the opposite side wall of the annular groove 3212 in the axial direction, the axial displacement of the actuating member 3323 will directly drive the first clutch assembly 321 to move axially relative to the output shaft 311, so that the clutch teeth and the meshing groove change from axial engagement to axial separation, thereby cutting off the torque transmission between the output shaft 311 and the driven shaft 312. At this time, even if the drive motor 31 is remotely triggered and the output shaft 311 rotates, the torque will not continue to be transmitted to the driven shaft 312 and the actuator 2, and the electric link is mechanically isolated; at the same time, the manual drive assembly 4 can still work: after the operator applies rotation to the manual output shaft 41, the third bevel gear 411 meshes with the first bevel gear 21 to guide the manual input into the input shaft 22, and through the actuator 2, drive the swing arm of the opening and closing actuator 1 to complete the opening or closing, realizing the closed-loop field operation of "electric isolation but manual use".

[0056] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the first clutch part 3211 and the second clutch part 3221 preferably adopt a one-way engagement structure, it can also cover a boundary situation that is closer to the actual working condition: during the clutch switching process, if the first clutch assembly 321 has not completely retracted to the completely disengaged position, or if the first clutch part 3211 and the second clutch part 3221 have slight contact, the working surface and the yielding surface of the one-way clutch tooth 701 will still exhibit different force results under different steering. Specifically, when the electric side attempts to transmit torque in the predetermined steering direction, the contact of the working surface of the one-way clutch tooth 701 may still generate force transmission; while when the operator needs to complete the opening and closing of the brake and generate the relative movement of the opposite steering direction through the manual drive component 4, the yielding surfaces of the one-way clutch tooth 701 slide against each other and disengage, so that the electric side will not form a rigid lock on the manual side, thereby ensuring that the manual opening and closing of the brake is not jammed by the clutch in the transition state of "not completely disengaged", further improving the operability and safety in maintenance scenarios.

[0057] The above are preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A circuit breaker opening and closing operating mechanism, comprising an opening and closing actuator, characterized in that, Also includes: The drive assembly is connected to the opening and closing actuator on the output side, and is used to transmit the opening and closing power to the opening and closing actuator; An electric drive assembly includes a drive motor having an output shaft; The driven shaft is coaxially corresponding to the output shaft, and the output end of the driven shaft is connected to the input side of the actuation transmission assembly. A clutch assembly includes a first clutch assembly and a second clutch assembly. The first clutch assembly is circumferentially locked to the output shaft, and the second clutch assembly is circumferentially locked to the driven shaft. A first clutch portion and a second clutch portion are respectively provided on opposite sides of the first clutch assembly and the second clutch assembly. When the first clutch portion and the second clutch portion are engaged, torque transmission is established between the output shaft and the driven shaft; and when disengaged, the torque transmission is released. The control mechanism includes a manual operating part and a clutch switching assembly pulsatingly connected to the manual operating part. The clutch switching assembly acts on the clutch assembly to switch the clutch assembly between the engaged state and the disengaged state, and to selectively maintain the clutch assembly in the engaged state or the disengaged state. The manual drive component has its output side connected to the input side of the actuator, and is used to manually drive the actuator.

2. The circuit breaker opening and closing operation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first clutch part includes a plurality of clutch teeth spaced apart circumferentially, and the second clutch part includes a plurality of engagement grooves corresponding one-to-one with the clutch teeth; and the first clutch assembly can move axially relative to the output shaft while being axially locked with the output shaft, so that the clutch teeth engage axially with the engagement grooves in the engaged state and separate axially from the engagement grooves in the disengaged state.

3. The circuit breaker opening and closing operation mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer periphery of the first clutch assembly opposite to the second clutch assembly has an annular groove; The clutch switching assembly includes a support, a swing frame, and an actuating component. The lower part of the swing frame is rotatably connected to the support via a rotating shaft. The swing frame has two opposing side plates, and each side plate is provided with a guide groove. The actuating component includes a holding part and guide protrusions extending from both sides of the holding part. The holding part is engaged in the annular groove, and the guide protrusions extend into the corresponding guide grooves and slide along the groove wall. The manual control unit is located on the upper part of the swing frame; The holding part abuts against the opposite side wall of the annular groove in the axial direction; when the swing frame swings around the rotating shaft, the groove wall of the guide groove pushes the guide boss, causing the actuating member to move axially along the output shaft.

4. The circuit breaker opening and closing operation mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The actuating component includes a first actuating member and a second actuating member that are separately arranged. The first actuating member and the second actuating member are arranged opposite to each other and each has a semi-annular holding section. The two semi-annular holding sections are arranged to enclose each other to form a holding space for holding the annular groove. The first actuating member and the second actuating member are connected by a detachable connector, which is used to adjust the enclosing size of the holding space.

5. The circuit breaker opening and closing operation mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first actuating member and the second actuating member have the same structure and are arranged symmetrically in the center. Both include a semi-circular holding section and connecting sections respectively connected to both sides of the semi-circular holding section. The connecting sections are provided with connecting holes for the connecting members to pass through. The outer end of the connecting section on one side of the semi-annular holding section extends to form a cylindrical guide boss.

6. The circuit breaker opening and closing operation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input side of the transmission assembly is provided with a first bevel gear and an input shaft, and the first bevel gear is circumferentially locked to the input shaft; the output end of the driven shaft is provided with a second bevel gear; the manual drive assembly includes a manual output shaft, and a third bevel gear is provided on the manual output shaft; both the second bevel gear and the third bevel gear mesh with the first bevel gear, and the second bevel gear and the third bevel gear are staggered along the circumference of the first bevel gear; The operating mechanism further includes a first fixed support, a second fixed support, and a third fixed support. The first fixed support has a first shaft hole for supporting the input shaft, through which the input shaft passes and is supported by the first fixed support. The second fixed support has a second shaft hole for supporting the driven shaft, through which the driven shaft passes and is supported by the second fixed support. The third fixed support has a third shaft hole for supporting the manual output shaft, through which the manual output shaft passes and is supported by the third fixed support.

7. The circuit breaker opening and closing operation mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second fixed support is a plate; the second clutch assembly is sleeved on the driven shaft and circumferentially locked to the driven shaft, and the second clutch assembly is slidable along the driven shaft axis; an elastic element is provided between the plate and the second clutch assembly, and the elastic element applies a spring force to the second clutch assembly along the driven shaft axis to make it tend towards the first clutch assembly; the first clutch part and the second clutch part are one-way engagement structures, and the first clutch part and the second clutch part respectively include a plurality of one-way clutch teeth arranged circumferentially, each of the one-way clutch teeth having a working surface and a relief surface, the working surfaces abutting each other to transmit torque when turning in a predetermined direction, and the relief surfaces sliding against each other to disengage the gear when turning in the opposite direction.

8. The circuit breaker opening and closing operation mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The elastic element includes a spring, one end of which is fixedly connected to the second clutch assembly and rotates with the second clutch assembly, and the other end of which faces the plate and is disposed opposite to the plate; a sliding isolator is provided between the plate and the other end of the spring, the sliding isolator having a sliding contact surface that abuts against the other end of the spring, so that the other end of the spring slides through the sliding contact surface when it rotates relative to the plate.

9. The circuit breaker opening and closing operating mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The output shaft is provided with a first limiting member, and the driven shaft is provided with a second limiting member. The first limiting member and the second limiting member are respectively used to restrict the first clutch assembly and the second clutch assembly from disengaging along the axial direction of the corresponding shaft. When the clutch assembly is in the engaged state, at least one of the first clutch part and the second clutch part protrudes from the corresponding limiting member along the axial direction of the corresponding shaft.

10. A residual current protection circuit breaker, comprising a circuit breaker body, characterized in that, The circuit breaker further includes a circuit breaker opening and closing operation mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, the circuit breaker opening and closing operation mechanism being installed in the circuit breaker body; wherein, the opening and closing actuator of the circuit breaker body constitutes the opening and closing actuator in the circuit breaker opening and closing operation mechanism.

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