Rhodiola crenulata prilling seed and preparation method and application thereof
By pretreating Rhodiola rosea seeds and pelleting them in a specific substrate, the problems of small seed size, low germination rate, and weak cold and drought resistance were solved. This resulted in efficient and environmentally friendly pelleted seed preparation, which is suitable for artificial planting at high altitudes and improves germination rate and seedling survival rate.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 西藏宇正健康科技有限公司
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
AI Technical Summary
Rhodiola rosea seeds have small particle size, low germination rate, weak cold and drought resistance, and are difficult to sow. Existing pelleting technology has a low germination rate on Rhodiola rosea seeds and is not suitable for high-altitude environments. In addition, there are problems such as slow pellet disintegration.
A pretreatment method combining air separation, warm water rinsing, and ultraviolet and microwave sterilization was adopted. Combined with a matrix formula of alpine humus, well-rotted yak manure, perlite, sodium carboxymethyl starch, betaine, gibberellin, and carbendazim, double-coated pellets were prepared by pelletizing machine to control particle size and stress resistance, and combined with low-temperature acclimatization treatment.
The method achieves good pelleting properties and uniform particle size for Rhodiola rosea seeds, making them suitable for mechanized sowing. The germination rate is increased to over 78%, and the survival rate of seedlings at high altitudes is increased by over 35%, meeting the requirements for green planting and resulting in low production costs.
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Figure CN122139518A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of Rhodiola rosea seed treatment technology, specifically to a pelleted Rhodiola rosea seed, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology
[0002] Rhodiola rosea ( Rhodiola crenulata (Hook. f. et Thoms.) H. Ohba) belongs to the genus Rhodiola in the family Crassulaceae and is a perennial herb. This plant is mainly distributed in alpine scree slopes, shrublands, and meadows at altitudes of 2500-5000 meters in Tibet, Qinghai, Sichuan, and Yunnan provinces of my country. Its dried rhizomes are a traditional and valuable Chinese medicinal material. Rhodiola grandiflora is rich in rhodioloside, tyrosol, polysaccharides, and other active ingredients, possessing anti-hypoxia, anti-fatigue, antioxidant, and immune-enhancing effects. It is widely used in the pharmaceutical, health product, and cosmetic fields, and market demand continues to rise.
[0003] However, wild populations of Rhodiola rosea face a severe survival crisis: its native growing environment is harsh, its growth cycle is long (5-7 years), and long-term over-harvesting has led to the near depletion of wild resources. Currently, this species is listed in the "National Key Protected Wild Plants List," and illegal harvesting is strictly prohibited. Against this backdrop, artificial cultivation has become the only effective way to ensure market supply and protect wild resources. However, the artificial cultivation of Rhodiola rosea faces many technical bottlenecks, among which seed treatment is particularly prominent, as detailed below: Firstly, the seeds have extremely poor physical properties. Rhodiola rosea seeds are tiny, with a thousand-seed weight of only 0.15-0.25 grams and a diameter ranging from 0.2-0.4 millimeters, appearing as a powder. This characteristic makes it difficult to achieve uniform sowing, easily leading to problems such as piled sowing and missed sowing, resulting in uneven seedling distribution in the field. At the same time, manual sowing is extremely inefficient, yielding less than 1 kg / person / day, and is not compatible with mechanized sowing equipment, severely restricting the large-scale development of the planting industry.
[0004] Secondly, the germination rate is low and the germination process is slow. Rhodiola rosea seeds have poor seed coat permeability and contain natural germination inhibitors, resulting in a germination rate of only 25-35% under natural conditions and a germination period of 20-30 days. More significantly, the seeds exhibit poor germination uniformity, directly leading to uneven seedling growth and greatly increasing the difficulty and cost of field management.
[0005] Thirdly, its resistance to adverse conditions and its adaptability to artificial cultivation environments are insufficient. The native environment of *Rhodiola rosea* is a unique habitat characterized by high altitude, low temperature, strong ultraviolet radiation, and large diurnal temperature variations. However, under artificial cultivation conditions, its seeds and seedlings are extremely sensitive to environmental stresses such as low temperature, drought, and soil pathogens. Data shows that the seed rot rate after sowing is as high as 30-40%, and the seedling survival rate is only maintained at 35-45%, becoming a major obstacle to artificial cultivation.
[0006] To address the technical challenge of tiny seed size, existing technologies employ pelleting to mitigate this deficiency, and this technology has been successfully applied to crops such as chili seeds. However, when this pelleting technology was applied to Rhodiola rosea seeds and pelleted for sowing, a significantly low germination rate was observed. Furthermore, due to the unique growth environment and biological characteristics of Rhodiola rosea, obtaining its seeds is extremely difficult, and obtaining high-quality, plump seeds is even more challenging, further complicating research on Rhodiola rosea seeds.
[0007] Therefore, based on existing technologies, developing a seed pelleting method that is compatible with the inherent characteristics of Rhodiola rosea seeds, meets the requirements of high-altitude planting environments, can simultaneously improve seed physical properties, increase germination rate and enhance stress resistance, and is both environmentally friendly and highly efficient is of great practical significance for promoting the standardized and large-scale development of the artificial cultivation industry of Rhodiola rosea, as well as achieving a positive interaction between wild resource protection and sustainable industrial development. Summary of the Invention
[0008] Through in-depth research and analysis, the researchers of this invention discovered that the core reasons for the low germination rate of existing Rhodiola rosea pelleted seeds are mainly reflected in the following three aspects: First, the substrate formula does not fully meet the needs of the special high-altitude planting environment, lacking targeted cold-resistant and drought-resistant functional components, making it difficult to meet the special physiological needs of the seed germination stage; Second, the pelleting process parameters are not matched with the small characteristics of Rhodiola rosea seeds, resulting in uneven seed coating, low pellet formation rate, and slow pellet disintegration; Third, some functional additives commonly used in pelleting substrates for other crop seeds are not suitable for Rhodiola rosea seeds—these additives not only pose environmental residue risks but also contradict the industrial development needs of green planting of Rhodiola rosea.
[0009] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problems of small seed size, low germination rate, weak cold and drought resistance, and high sowing difficulty of Rhodiola rosea seeds in the prior art, and to propose a pelleted seed of Rhodiola rosea, its preparation method, and its application.
[0010] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A method for preparing Rhodiola rosea pelleted seeds includes the following steps: S1. Seed pretreatment: Select mature and plump Rhodiola rosea seeds, winnow them, rinse them with warm water at 30-35℃ to remove impurities and shriveled seeds, dry them at a constant temperature of 32-38℃ to a moisture content of 7-9%, and sterilize them with a combination of ultraviolet light and microwave for later use. In this step, a combination of "wind selection + warm water rinsing + constant temperature drying + compound sterilization" is used to pre-treat the seeds. Wind selection removes light impurities; rinsing with warm water at 30~35℃ removes shriveled seeds and heavy impurities, softens the seed coat, and initially breaks dormancy; constant temperature drying at 32~38℃ controls the moisture content to 7~9% to prevent seed mold; and compound sterilization with ultraviolet light and microwave not only kills pathogens on the seed surface but also slightly breaks down the seed coat barrier, improving permeability and laying the foundation for subsequent germination.
[0011] S2. Matrix preparation: Weigh out 35-50 parts by weight of alpine humus, 25-35 parts by weight of well-rotted yak manure, 8-15 parts by weight of perlite, 4-7 parts by weight of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 3-6 parts by weight of betaine, 0.02-0.04 parts by weight of gibberellin, 0.8-1.5 parts by weight of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.4-0.9 parts by weight of carbendazim. Mix them and crush them through a 90-110 mesh sieve to obtain the undersize material. Add water to adjust the moisture content to 30-36%, stir evenly, and let it stand for 14-20 hours to mature. This step utilizes a four-element substrate system of "high-altitude adapted nutrition + binding and shaping + stress regulation + disease control," significantly improving germination rate and seedling survival rate at high altitudes. Alpine humus and well-rotted yak manure perfectly match the native nutrient environment of *Rhodiola rosea*, boasting high organic matter content and providing comprehensive nutrition for seed germination and seedling growth. Furthermore, the humus improves soil water and fertilizer retention capacity; this component is an adapted nutrient component for *Rhodiola rosea* seeds at high altitudes. In the binding and shaping component, perlite and sodium carboxymethyl starch work synergistically. Perlite enhances pellet permeability, while sodium carboxymethyl starch, as a water-soluble binder, ensures pellet formation while guaranteeing rapid disintegration in the soil. The stress regulation component includes: betaine, which enhances the cold, drought, and hypoxia resistance of seeds and seedlings, adapting to high-altitude environments; gibberellin (GA3), which breaks seed dormancy and shortens the germination cycle; and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, which enhances seedling stress resistance. Disease control components: Carbendazim can inhibit damping-off pathogens and other fungi in the soil, reducing the rate of seed rot.
[0012] In addition, the substrate is crushed, sieved, and matured with water to ensure that the nutrients are fully integrated and to improve stability.
[0013] S3. Preparation of double-layer coated pellets: Place the seeds treated in step S1 into a pelletizing machine, set the drum speed to 35~50 r / min and the spraying pressure to 0.25~0.35 MPa, first spray a small amount of binder, then gradually sprinkle in the matrix after maturation in step S2 to form initial particles, and then alternately spray binder and outer protective agent until the pellet size reaches 1.55~1.90 mm; This step employs an "inner functional matrix + outer protective matrix" structure: the inner layer tightly wraps the seeds, providing nutrition and stress resistance protection; the outer protective agent (talc powder + vermiculite powder + chitosan) enhances the mechanical strength of the pellets, facilitating sowing and transportation, while chitosan has both antibacterial and water-retaining properties, further improving stress resistance. Precise control of the pelleting machine parameters ensures uniform seed coating, with pellet size controlled at 1.55~1.90mm to meet sowing requirements.
[0014] S4. Drying: Place the pellets obtained in step S3 in an environment of 22~28℃ and dry in a ventilated manner for 5~7 hours, turning them over every 1.5~2 hours. Then raise the temperature to 40~45℃ and dry for 2~4 hours, controlling the moisture content of the pellets to ≤2%. In this step, the process of "low temperature pre-drying (ventilated drying at 22~28℃) + medium temperature drying (drying at 40~45℃)" is adopted: first, ventilated drying is carried out to slowly remove surface moisture and avoid cracking of the pellets; then, medium temperature drying is carried out to remove internal moisture and control the final moisture content to ≤2%, preferably ≤1%, so as to balance storage stability and seed viability.
[0015] S5. Low-temperature acclimatization: Place the dried pellets from step S4 in an environment of 5~10℃ and 55~65% relative humidity for acclimatization for 4~6 days, ventilating 1~2 times a day for 40~50 minutes each time, to obtain Rhodiola rosea pellet seeds.
[0016] In this step, low-temperature acclimatization is to simulate the low-temperature environment at high altitudes. The seedlings are acclimatized at 5-10℃ for 4-6 days to gradually improve their adaptability to the low-temperature environment at high altitudes. In the later stage, the temperature is slightly increased to simulate the diurnal temperature difference, which further enhances the seedlings' resistance to stress and improves the transplant survival rate.
[0017] Furthermore, in step S1, the process conditions for the combined ultraviolet and microwave sterilization method are as follows: ultraviolet irradiation for 15-20 minutes, followed by microwave treatment at 300-400W power for 30-45 seconds.
[0018] Furthermore, in step S1, the water is rinsed 2-3 times with warm water at 30-35℃, and soaked for 6-10 minutes before each rinse.
[0019] Furthermore, in step S2, the alpine humus soil is taken from an area at an altitude of 2500~3500m, with an organic matter content of ≥50% and a pH value of 6.2~7.0; the decomposed yak manure is fermented at high temperature for more than 70 days, and the temperature is maintained at 55~65℃ for 18~22 days during the fermentation process.
[0020] Furthermore, in step S2, the purity of gibberellin is ≥98%. Before use, it is dissolved in 75% ethanol by volume and then added to the matrix. The stirring speed is controlled at 300~400 r / min.
[0021] Furthermore, in step S3, the adhesive is an aqueous solution of sodium carboxymethyl starch with a mass concentration of 2.5-3.5%, and the amount of adhesive sprayed is 18-23% of the total mass of the matrix; The outer protective agent, by mass, is composed of 18-25 parts talc powder, 10-14 parts vermiculite powder, and 2-4 parts chitosan. The outer protective agent needs to be pulverized and passed through a 130-160 mesh sieve before the sieve material is collected. The amount of the outer protective agent added is 25-35% of the total mass of the matrix.
[0022] Furthermore, in step S4, the wind speed is controlled at 1.0~1.5m / s during ventilation and drying.
[0023] Furthermore, in step S5, the low-temperature acclimatization is carried out using a constant temperature and humidity incubator, with the temperature gradually increased by 2-3℃ in the later stages of acclimatization.
[0024] A granulated seed of Rhodiola rosea, obtained by any of the aforementioned preparation methods, wherein the granulated seed is nearly spherical and has a bulk density of 1.2~1.4 g / cm³. 3 It has a compressive strength of 0.4~0.6MPa and completely disintegrates within 7 days in soil at an altitude of ≥2500m.
[0025] The application of Rhodiola rosea pelleted seeds in large-scale artificial cultivation at high altitudes, wherein the Rhodiola rosea pelleted seeds are obtained by the preparation method described in any of the preceding claims; the Rhodiola rosea pelleted seeds are suitable for direct seeding and seedling transplanting planting modes, and are compatible with plug seedling equipment and mechanized strip seeding equipment.
[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: I. This invention proposes a method for preparing pelleted Rhodiola rosea seeds and the resulting pelleted seeds exhibit good pellet formation and uniform particle size, making them suitable for mechanized sowing and increasing sowing efficiency by more than 10 times. This method for preparing Rhodiola rosea pelleted seeds effectively overcomes the bottleneck in seed treatment for artificial cultivation of Rhodiola rosea, providing technical support for industrial development and the protection of wild resources.
[0027] II. In this invention, a method for preparing Rhodiola rosea granulated seeds is proposed, which uses a core matrix and stress-resistance regulator in synergy to significantly improve the germination rate (≥78%) and the survival rate of high-altitude seedlings (more than 35%).
[0028] Third, this invention proposes a method for preparing Rhodiola rosea granulated seeds, which uses natural organic raw materials as the core matrix, with no environmental residues, and meets the green planting requirements of Rhodiola rosea.
[0029] Fourth, this invention proposes a method for preparing Rhodiola rosea granulated seeds, which is simple and controllable, has low production cost, and is suitable for large-scale production at high altitudes. Attached Figure Description
[0030] Figure 1 This is an illustration of the pelleted seeds of Rhodiola rosea.
[0031] Figure 2 This is an illustration of the disintegration state of Rhodiola rosea granulated seeds.
[0032] Figure 3 This is an illustration of the germination state of Rhodiola rosea granulated seeds.
[0033] Figure 4 It is a picture of Rhodiola rosea seeds. Detailed Implementation
[0034] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0035] Example 1 To facilitate public understanding of this invention, this embodiment uses a preferred method for preparing Rhodiola rosea pelleted seeds as an example to further illustrate the present invention. The method includes the following steps: Step S1: Seed pretreatment.
[0036] Select mature and plump Rhodiola rosea seeds, refer to Figure 4 Remove impurities by air separation, rinse three times with 33℃ warm water, soaking for 8 minutes each time and then draining. Dry at 35℃ until the moisture content is 8%, and then sterilize by ultraviolet sterilization for 18 minutes + microwave for 40 seconds (power 350W) before use.
[0037] Step S2: Matrix preparation.
[0038] Weigh out 42 parts by weight of alpine humus, 30 parts of well-rotted yak manure, 12 parts of perlite, 5 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 4 parts of betaine, 0.03 parts of GA3 type gibberellin (purity 98%), 1.2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.6 parts of carbendazim. Dissolve the gibberellin in 75% ethanol and add it to the mixture. After mixing, crush the mixture through a 100-mesh sieve, add deionized water to adjust the moisture content to 33%, stir evenly (350 r / min), and let it stand for 16 hours to mature.
[0039] Step S3: Prepare double-layer coated pellets.
[0040] The pretreated seeds were placed in a pelletizing machine with a drum speed of 42 r / min and a spraying pressure of 0.3 MPa. First, a 3.0% sodium carboxymethyl starch aqueous solution was sprayed (the amount sprayed was 20% of the weight of the core matrix). The core functional matrix was gradually sprinkled in to form initial particles. Then, the binder and the outer protective agent (22 parts talc, 12 parts vermiculite, and 3 parts chitosan mixed and passed through a 140-mesh sieve) were sprayed alternately. The amount of the outer protective agent sprinkled in was 30% of the weight of the core matrix until the pellet size reached 1.55~1.90 mm.
[0041] Step S4: Drying.
[0042] The formed pellets are first dried at 25℃ and 1.2m / s for 6 hours with ventilation, turning them over every 1.8 hours, and then the temperature is raised to 42℃ for 3 hours to control the final moisture content to 1%.
[0043] Step S5: Low-temperature acclimatization.
[0044] The dried pellets were placed in a constant temperature and humidity incubator at 8℃ and 60% relative humidity for 5 days, with ventilation once a day for 45 minutes each time. The temperature was increased by 2.5℃ during the later stages of acclimatization to obtain the pelleted seed product of *Rhodiola crenulata*. (See [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 1 .
[0045] test.
[0046] Germination experiments were conducted using the granulated Rhodiola rosea seeds obtained in Example 1 as experimental materials. The process is as follows: (1) Place two layers of moist filter paper in a petri dish, and evenly place 100 Rhodiola rosea pellet seeds in each petri dish and cover it. The pellet seeds germinate at 25℃ under 12h / 12h light / dark conditions. Keep the filter paper moist during germination.
[0047] (2) Starting from day 3, record the number of germinated seeds every day (seeds are considered to have germinated if the length of the radicle is greater than or equal to the length of the seed), and record continuously for 14 days until germination ends.
[0048] (3) After germination, calculate the germination potential and germination rate of the pelleted seeds.
[0049] Germination potential (%) = (Number of seeds that germinated normally in 7 days / Number of seeds tested) × 100%, Germination rate (%) = (Number of seeds that germinated normally in 14 days / Number of seeds tested) × 100%.
[0050] (4) Take 100 Rhodiola rosea pelleted seeds and use a pellet strength tester (sensitivity 0.1N) to measure the maximum pressure when each pelleted seed is crushed, in N, accurate to 0.1N. Calculate the percentage of coated pelleted seeds that meet the compressive strength requirement (0.4~0.6MPa).
[0051] Single seed compressive strength (N) = the sum of the maximum pressures that 100 coated pelleted seeds can withstand / 100.
[0052] Compressive strength compliance (%) = (Number of pelleted seeds that meet compressive strength requirements / 100) × 100%.
[0053] (5) Take 100 Rhodiola rosea pelleted seeds and measure the diameter of each pelleted seed with a vernier caliper (accuracy 0.1 mm) in millimeters, accurate to 0.1 mm. Calculate the percentage of coated pelleted seeds that meet the particle size requirement (1.55~1.60 mm).
[0054] Particle size compliance (%) = (Number of pelleted seeds that meet the particle size requirement / 100) × 100%.
[0055] Repeat the above experiment 3 times, with 100 seeds per repetition.
[0056] Testing showed that the pelleting rate of Rhodiola rosea seeds obtained in this example was 95%, the particle size conformity was 97%, and the bulk density was 1.3 g / cm³. 3 The single-grain compressive strength is 0.5 MPa, the compressive strength compliance rate is 97%, and the thousand-grain weight is 9.377 g.
[0057] Granulated Rhodiola rosea seeds began to disintegrate in high-altitude soils after 36 hours and completely disintegrated within 7 days, with a 100% disintegration rate. The germination potential was 90%, the germination rate was 82%, and the germination cycle was shortened to 12 days. The survival rate of seedlings in an environment at an altitude of 3000m was increased by 40% compared with untreated seeds.
[0058] Meanwhile, 200 Rhodiola rosea granulated seeds from the same batch in this embodiment were randomly selected, and their single seed rate and seed-bearing rate were tested to be 95.5% and 95.5%, respectively.
[0059] Example 2 A method for preparing granulated seeds of Rhodiola rosea includes the following steps: Step S1: Seed pretreatment.
[0060] Rhodiola rosea seeds were winnowed, rinsed twice with 30℃ warm water (soaked for 6 minutes each time), drained, dried at 32℃ to a moisture content of 7%, and sterilized by a combination of ultraviolet light for 15 minutes and microwave for 30 seconds (300W) for later use. Step S2: Matrix preparation.
[0061] Weigh out 35 parts by weight of alpine humus, 25 parts of well-rotted yak dung, 8 parts of perlite, 4 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 3 parts of betaine, 0.02 parts of GA3 gibberellin, 0.8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.4 parts of carbendazim. Mix and crush the mixture through a 90-mesh sieve to obtain the undersize material. Add water to adjust the moisture content to 30%, and let it stand for 14 hours to mature before use.
[0062] Step S3: Prepare double-layer coated pellets.
[0063] The seeds treated in step S1 are placed in a pelletizing machine. The drum speed is set to 35 r / min, the spraying pressure is 0.25 MPa, the binder is a 2.5% sodium carboxymethyl starch aqueous solution (spraying amount 18%), and the outer protective agent (18 parts talc powder, 10 parts vermiculite powder, 2 parts chitosan, passed through a 130-mesh sieve, and the sieve-underfill material) is sprinkled in at a rate of 25%. The pellet size reaches 1.55~1.90 mm.
[0064] Step S4: Drying.
[0065] The formed pellets were first dried at 22℃ and 1.0m / s for 5 hours, turning them over every 1.5 hours, and then dried at 40℃ for 2 hours, with a final moisture content of 1%.
[0066] Step S5: Low-temperature acclimatization.
[0067] The dried pellets were placed in an environment of 5℃ and 55% relative humidity for 4 days, with ventilation once a day (40 minutes), and the temperature was increased by 2℃ in the later stage.
[0068] Testing showed that the pelleting rate of Rhodiola rosea seeds obtained in this example was 93%. The pelleted Rhodiola rosea seeds began to disintegrate in high-altitude soil after 36 hours and completely disintegrated within 7 days; the germination rate was 78%, and the survival rate of seedlings at high altitudes increased by 35%.
[0069] Example 3 A method for preparing granulated seeds of Rhodiola rosea includes the following steps: Step S1: Seed pretreatment.
[0070] The seeds of Rhodiola rosea were winnowed, rinsed three times with 35℃ warm water (soaked for 10 minutes each time), drained, dried at 38℃ to a moisture content of 9%, and then sterilized by a combination of ultraviolet light for 20 minutes and microwave for 45 seconds (400W) for later use.
[0071] Step S2: Matrix preparation.
[0072] Weigh out 50 parts by weight of alpine humus, 35 parts of decomposed yak dung, 15 parts of perlite, 7 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 6 parts of betaine, 0.04 parts of GA3 gibberellin, 1.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.9 parts of carbendazim. Mix, crush, and pass through a 110-mesh sieve. Add water to adjust the moisture content to 36% and let stand for 20 hours to mature.
[0073] Step S3: Prepare double-layer coated pellets.
[0074] The pelletizing machine operates at a speed of 50 r / min and a spraying pressure of 0.35 MPa. The binder is a 3.5% sodium carboxymethyl starch aqueous solution (spraying amount 23%), and the outer protective agent (25 parts talc powder, 14 parts vermiculite powder, and 4 parts chitosan, with the sieve material passing through a 160-mesh sieve and then being collected) is added at a rate of 35%, resulting in pellets with a particle size of 1.55~1.90 mm.
[0075] Step S4: Drying.
[0076] The formed pellets were first dried at 28℃ and 1.5m / s for 7 hours, turning them over every 2 hours, and then dried at 45℃ for 4 hours, with a final moisture content of 1%.
[0077] Step S5: Low-temperature acclimatization.
[0078] The dried pellets were placed in an environment of 10℃ and 65% relative humidity for 6 days, with ventilation twice a day (50 minutes each time), and the temperature was increased by 3℃ in the later stage.
[0079] Testing showed that the pelleting rate of Rhodiola rosea seeds obtained in this example was 96%. The pelleted Rhodiola rosea seeds began to disintegrate in high-altitude soil after 36 hours and completely disintegrated within 7 days, with a germination rate of 85% and a 42% increase in seedling survival rate at high altitudes.
[0080] It is evident that the Rhodiola rosea pelleted seeds obtained using the preparation method of this invention have good pellet formation and uniform particle size, making them suitable for mechanized sowing and increasing sowing efficiency by more than 10 times. Furthermore, sowing these Rhodiola rosea pelleted seeds, compared to using traditional Rhodiola rosea seeds (seeds only pretreated in step S1), significantly improves the germination rate (≥78%, compared to only about 29% using traditional methods) and the survival rate of seedlings at high altitudes (increasing by more than 35%) under the same breeding environment.
[0081] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for preparing granulated seeds of Rhodiola rosea, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Seed pretreatment: Select mature and plump Rhodiola rosea seeds, winnow them, rinse them with warm water at 30-35℃ to remove impurities and shriveled seeds, dry them at a constant temperature of 32-38℃ to a moisture content of 7-9%, and sterilize them with a combination of ultraviolet light and microwave for later use. S2. Matrix preparation: Weigh out 35-50 parts by weight of alpine humus, 25-35 parts by weight of well-rotted yak manure, 8-15 parts by weight of perlite, 4-7 parts by weight of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 3-6 parts by weight of betaine, 0.02-0.04 parts by weight of gibberellin, 0.8-1.5 parts by weight of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.4-0.9 parts by weight of carbendazim. Mix them and crush them through a 90-110 mesh sieve to obtain the undersize material. Add water to adjust the moisture content to 30-36%, stir evenly, and let it stand for 14-20 hours to mature. S3. Preparation of double-layer coated pellets: Place the seeds treated in step S1 into a pelletizing machine, set the drum speed to 35~50 r / min and the spraying pressure to 0.25~0.35 MPa, first spray a small amount of binder, then gradually sprinkle in the matrix after maturation in step S2 to form initial particles, and then alternately spray binder and outer protective agent until the pellet size reaches 1.55~1.90 mm; S4. Drying: Place the pellets obtained in step S3 in an environment of 22~28℃ and dry in a ventilated manner for 5~7 hours, turning them over every 1.5~2 hours. Then raise the temperature to 40~45℃ and dry for 2~4 hours, controlling the moisture content of the pellets to ≤2%. S5. Low-temperature acclimatization: Place the dried pellets from step S4 in an environment of 5~10℃ and 55~65% relative humidity for acclimatization for 4~6 days, ventilating 1~2 times a day for 40~50 minutes each time, to obtain Rhodiola rosea pellet seeds.
2. The method for preparing Rhodiola rosea granulated seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the process conditions for the combined ultraviolet and microwave sterilization method are: ultraviolet irradiation for 15-20 minutes, followed by microwave treatment at 300-400W power for 30-45 seconds.
3. The method for preparing Rhodiola rosea granulated seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, rinse 2-3 times with warm water at 30-35℃, and soak for 6-10 minutes before each rinse.
4. The method for preparing Rhodiola rosea pelleted seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the alpine humus soil is taken from an area with an altitude of 2500~3500m, with an organic matter content of ≥50% and a pH value of 6.2~7.0; the decomposed yak manure is fermented at high temperature for more than 70 days, and the temperature is maintained at 55~65℃ for 18~22 days during the fermentation process.
5. The method for preparing Rhodiola rosea pelleted seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the purity of gibberellin is ≥98%. Before use, it is dissolved in 75% ethanol by volume and then added to the matrix. The stirring speed is controlled at 300~400 r / min.
6. The method for preparing Rhodiola rosea pelleted seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the adhesive is an aqueous solution of sodium carboxymethyl starch with a mass concentration of 2.5-3.5%, and the amount of adhesive sprayed is 18-23% of the total mass of the matrix; The outer protective agent, by mass, is composed of 18-25 parts talc powder, 10-14 parts vermiculite powder, and 2-4 parts chitosan. The outer protective agent needs to be pulverized and passed through a 130-160 mesh sieve before the sieve material is collected. The amount of the outer protective agent added is 25-35% of the total mass of the matrix.
7. The method for preparing Rhodiola rosea pelleted seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the wind speed is controlled at 1.0~1.5m / s during ventilation and drying.
8. The method for preparing Rhodiola rosea pelleted seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the low-temperature acclimatization is carried out using a constant temperature and humidity incubator, and the temperature is gradually increased by 2~3℃ in the later stage of acclimatization.
9. A type of granulated seed of Rhodiola rosea, characterized in that, The Rhodiola rosea granulated seeds, obtained by any one of claims 1 to 8, are nearly spherical and have a bulk density of 1.2 to 1.4 g / cm³. 3 It has a compressive strength of 0.4~0.6MPa and completely disintegrates within 7 days in soil at high altitudes of ≥2500m.
10. The application of a pelleted seed of Rhodiola rosea in large-scale artificial cultivation at high altitudes, characterized by: The granulated seeds of Rhodiola rosea are obtained by the preparation method described in any one of claims 1 to 8; the granulated seeds of Rhodiola rosea are suitable for direct seeding and seedling transplanting planting modes, and can be adapted to plug tray seedling equipment and mechanized strip seeding equipment.