A device for treating tailings of waste power batteries

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of waste power battery tailings processing device, by containing graphite residue is added to the inside of residue cylinder, by rotating residue cylinder and opening liquid inlet valve, so that the inside of fermentation tank contains compound bacterial strain bacterial strain liquid enters the inside of residue cylinder, by the sulfuric acid produced by the metabolism of sulfur bacteria in compound bacterial strain to the metal impurities in residue is dissolved, by the organic acid complex metal ions produced by the metabolism of aspergillus in compound bacterial strain, and then effectively remove the metal impurities, adhesive in residue, without additional introduction of a large amount of strong acid, metal impurities, adhesive in residue can be removed, and no additional waste liquid is generated, after residue fermentation treatment is completed, by pressing device to extrude residue, so that the bacterial strain liquid in residue is filtered and discharged, intercepts the residue after fermentation treatment, and then graphite in residue can be recycled with low energy consumption and environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of power battery recycling and processing, specifically relating to a waste power battery tailings processing device. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries are among the most commonly used power batteries. After their service life expires, LFP batteries need to be recycled, and the waste residue contains a large amount of graphite. Current technologies for graphite recycling from spent power batteries mainly employ: physical recycling, wet leaching recycling, and thermal treatment recycling.

[0003] Physical recycling separates waste graphite based on the density properties of the negative electrode material, but the collected graphite material has low added value. Wet leaching recycling uses solvents to leach and dissolve graphite impurities to purify the graphite, but this process requires large amounts of concentrated acid, generating significant amounts of harmful acidic wastewater. Thermal treatment recycling involves heating the slag at high temperatures to remove binders, conductive agents, and other impurities from the graphite, but it suffers from high energy consumption.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned problems in the recycling of graphite from waste power batteries in the prior art, the present invention discloses a waste power battery tailings treatment device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention discloses a waste power battery tailings treatment device that can recycle graphite from waste power batteries with low energy consumption, and does not require the introduction of large amounts of strong acid during the treatment process, making it more green and environmentally friendly.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A waste power battery tailings treatment device includes a fermentation tank filled with a composite microbial culture medium. The top of the fermentation tank has several inlets extending into the composite microbial culture medium. Inside each inlet is a insert cylinder with several through holes on its wall. A slag cylinder is rotatably mounted inside the insert cylinder. A liquid inlet valve is located on the wall of the slag cylinder corresponding to the through holes. A pressing device is located inside the slag cylinder. A rotary ventilation device is located at the bottom of the slag cylinder. A filtration device is located on the bottom wall of the slag cylinder.

[0007] To better realize the present invention, a slag inlet is provided on the top side wall of the slag cylinder, and a sealing seat is detachably installed at the bottom of the slag cylinder, and a rotary ventilation device is provided on the sealing seat.

[0008] To better realize the present invention, the rotary aeration device further includes an aeration disc, a rotary turbine fan, and a first driving device. The aeration disc is set at the bottom of the slag cylinder and has a plurality of aeration holes. A rotary turbine fan is rotatably set at the top of the aeration disc and a first driving device is set at the bottom of the aeration disc. The driving end of the first driving device is connected to the rotary turbine fan.

[0009] To better realize the present invention, further, an isolation net is provided inside the slag cylinder above the rotary ventilation device.

[0010] To better realize the present invention, further, a screen hole is provided on the bottom wall of the insert cylinder, and the screen device on the bottom wall of the slag cylinder is connected to the intermediate pool through the screen hole.

[0011] To better realize the present invention, the screening device further includes a screen and a one-way valve. The bottom wall of the slag cylinder is provided with an installation cavity connected to the screen hole. A one-way valve is provided at the end of the installation cavity away from the inside of the slag cylinder. A screen is provided on the side of the one-way valve close to the slag cylinder.

[0012] To better realize the present invention, the pressing device further includes a pressing piston and an air injection device. The top and bottom of the slag cylinder are provided with air injection ports connected to the air injection device, and a pressing piston that can slide inside the slag cylinder is provided between the air injection ports at the upper and lower ends.

[0013] To better realize the present invention, a guide groove is further provided on the inner wall of the slag cylinder, and a guide block is provided on the outer side of the pressing piston, which is slidably connected to the guide groove.

[0014] A method for treating waste power battery tailings includes the following steps: Step 1: Fill the fermentation tank with a microbial inoculum containing a compound microbial inoculum packing material, wherein the compound microbial inoculum packing material includes sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and Aspergillus. Step 2: After crushing the waste power battery into slag, add the slag into the slag cylinder and then hoist the slag cylinder into the insert. Step 3: Rotate the slag cylinder so that the liquid inlet valve on the slag cylinder is rotated to the first position aligned with the through hole on the insert cylinder, and open the liquid inlet valve so that the inoculum liquid inside the fermentation tank enters the slag cylinder. Step 4: Introduce air into the slag cylinder through a rotary ventilation device, and rotate and stir the slag and inoculum liquid inside the slag cylinder so that the slag ferments under the action of the inoculum liquid. Step 5: After fermentation is complete, rotate the slag cylinder so that the liquid inlet valve on the slag cylinder rotates to the second position where it is not connected to the through hole on the insert. Then, the slag mixture inside the slag cylinder is squeezed by the pressing device. The inoculum liquid in the slag mixture is filtered by the screening device so that the fermented slag is trapped inside the slag cylinder. Step 6: Hoist the slag cylinder to the outside of the insert cylinder and remove the slag inside the slag cylinder.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: This invention involves adding graphite-containing slag into a slag cylinder. By rotating the slag cylinder and opening the inlet valve, a microbial inoculum containing a complex microbial strain enters the slag cylinder. The sulfuric acid produced by the sulfur-oxidizing bacteria in the complex microbial strain dissolves the metallic impurities in the slag, while the organic acids produced by the Aspergillus in the complex microbial strain complex complex metal ions, effectively removing metallic impurities and binders from the slag. This process removes metallic impurities and binders from the slag without requiring the introduction of large amounts of strong acid and without generating additional waste liquid. After the slag fermentation process is complete, a pressing device compresses the slag, filtering out the microbial inoculum and retaining the fermented slag. This allows for the low-energy, environmentally friendly recovery of graphite from the slag. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a waste power battery tailings treatment device. Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of a portion at point A; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pressing device.

[0017] Wherein: 1-Fermentation tank; 2-Compound microbial packing material; 3-Instrument cylinder; 4-Slag cylinder; 5-Liquid inlet valve; 6-Pressure pressing device; 7-Rotary aeration device; 8-Screwing device; 9-Intermediate tank; 61-Pressure pressing piston; 62-Aeration device; 71-Aeration disc; 72-Rotary turbine fan; 73-Isolation net; 81-Screwing screen; 82-One-way valve. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Example 1: This embodiment provides a waste power battery tailings treatment device, such as... Figure 1As shown, the system includes a fermentation tank 1, which is filled with a compound microbial culture packing material 2. The top of the fermentation tank 1 has several insertion ports extending into the compound microbial culture packing material 2. Inside each insertion port is a cylindrical insert 3, and the cylindrical insert 3 has several through holes on its wall. A slag cylinder 4 is rotatably installed inside the cylindrical insert 3. A liquid inlet valve 5 is provided on the cylindrical wall of the slag cylinder 4 corresponding to the through holes. A pressing device 6 is installed inside the slag cylinder 4. A rotary ventilation device 7 is installed at the bottom of the slag cylinder 4. A sieve filter 8 is installed on the bottom wall of the slag cylinder 4.

[0019] A method for treating waste power battery tailings includes the following steps: Step 1: Fill the fermentation tank 1 with a microbial inoculum containing a compound microbial inoculum packing material 2, wherein the compound microbial inoculum packing material 2 includes sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and Aspergillus. Step 2: After crushing the waste power battery into slag, add the slag into the inside of the slag cylinder 4, and then hoist the slag cylinder 4 into the inside of the insert cylinder 3; Step 3: Rotate the slag cylinder 4 so that the liquid inlet valve 5 on the slag cylinder 4 is rotated to the first position aligned with the through hole on the insert 3, and open the liquid inlet valve 5 so that the inoculum liquid inside the fermentation tank 1 enters the slag cylinder 4. Step 4: Air is introduced into the slag cylinder 4 through the rotating ventilation device 7, and the slag and inoculum liquid inside the slag cylinder 4 are rotated and stirred, so that the slag ferments under the action of the inoculum liquid; ferment for 2-3 days under ventilation and temperature of 32±5℃, and then ferment for at least 2 days under non-ventilation and temperature of 42±5℃.

[0020] Step 5: After fermentation is complete, rotate the slag cylinder 4 so that the liquid inlet valve 5 on the slag cylinder 4 rotates to the second position where it is not connected to the through hole on the insert cylinder 3. Then, the slag mixture inside the slag cylinder 4 is squeezed by the pressing device 6. The inoculum liquid in the slag mixture is filtered by the screening device 8 so that the fermented slag is trapped inside the slag cylinder 4. Step 6: Hoist the slag cylinder 4 to the outside of the insert cylinder 3 and remove the slag from inside the slag cylinder 4.

[0021] The composite microbial packing material 2 includes sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and Aspergillus, such as *Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans* and *Aspergillus niger*, with a volume ratio of 3:2 to 2:1. The fermentation tank 1 contains a sulfur-containing culture medium. *Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans* oxidizes the sulfur in the culture medium to form sulfuric acid, simultaneously oxidizing ferrous ions in the slag to ferric ions, thereby dissolving metallic impurities such as cobalt, nickel, manganese, and lithium in the slag. Simultaneously, the microorganisms biodegrade the binders in the slag, effectively removing metallic impurities and binders. Furthermore, organic acids such as oxalic acid produced by *Aspergillus niger* metabolism complex with metal ions, achieving further dissolution and separation of the metals and preventing their re-deposition and adhesion to the graphite surface. Through the action of the composite microbial packing material 2, metallic impurities and binders in the slag are harmlessly separated and treated without introducing large amounts of strong chemical acids, achieving graphite recovery from the slag.

[0022] Example 2: This embodiment discloses a waste power battery tailings treatment device, which is an improvement on Embodiment 1, such as... Figure 1 As shown, a slag inlet is provided on the top side wall of the slag cylinder 4, and a sealing seat is detachably installed at the bottom of the slag cylinder 4. A rotary ventilation device 7 is provided on the sealing seat.

[0023] The slag from the crushed power battery is fed into the slag cylinder 4 through the slag inlet, and then the slag cylinder 4 is hoisted and inserted into the inside of the insert cylinder 3. After the liquid inlet valve 5 is opened, the inoculum liquid inside the fermentation tank 1 enters the slag cylinder 4 to ferment the slag. During the fermentation process, the slag and inoculum liquid are mixed and stirred by the rotary aeration device 7 to ensure full contact between the slag and inoculum liquid. At the same time, air is introduced into the mixture to assist fermentation.

[0024] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the rotary aeration device 7 includes an aeration disc 71, a rotary turbine fan 72, and a first driving device. The aeration disc 71 is located at the bottom of the slag cylinder 4 and has several aeration holes. The rotary turbine fan 72 is rotatably mounted on the top of the aeration disc 71, and the first driving device is located at the bottom of the aeration disc 71. The driving end of the first driving device is connected to the rotary turbine fan 72.

[0025] The air inlet of the aeration disc 71 is connected to the air inlet of an external air supply device via a connecting pipe. The top section of the aeration disc 71 is densely covered with several aeration holes, which evenly deliver air into the interior of the slag cylinder 4 to assist in the fermentation of the slag. During fermentation, to prevent excessive slag accumulation from affecting the fermentation speed, a first driving device drives a rotating turbine fan 72 to rotate, thereby mixing the slag and inoculum liquid inside the slag cylinder 4 and ensuring full contact between them.

[0026] Furthermore, an isolation net 73 is provided inside the slag cylinder 4 above the rotary ventilation device 7.

[0027] The rest of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, so it will not be described again.

[0028] Example 3: This embodiment discloses a waste power battery tailings treatment device, which is an optimization based on Embodiment 1 or 2, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the bottom wall of the insert cylinder 3 is provided with a screen hole, and the screen device 8 on the bottom wall of the slag cylinder 4 is connected to the intermediate pool 9 through the screen hole. The screen device 8 includes a screen 81 and a one-way valve 82. The bottom wall of the slag cylinder 4 is provided with an installation cavity that connects to the screen hole. The one-way valve 82 is provided at the end of the installation cavity away from the inside of the slag cylinder 4, and the screen 81 is provided on the side of the one-way valve 82 closer to the slag cylinder 4.

[0029] After the slag fermentation is complete, the inlet valve 5 is closed, and then the mixture inside the slag cylinder 4 is squeezed by the pressing device 6. This causes the inoculum solution in the mixture to flow through the one-way valve 82 to the screen 81, whereby the fermented slag is retained on the screen 81, while the inoculum solution flows to the intermediate tank 9. The recovered inoculum solution can be processed to recover metals, and the retained slag can be processed to recover graphite.

[0030] The rest of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1 or 2, so it will not be described again.

[0031] Example 4: This embodiment discloses a waste power battery tailings treatment device, which is optimized based on any one of embodiments 1-3, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the pressing device 6 includes a pressing piston 61 and an air injection device 62. The top and bottom of the slag cylinder 4 are provided with air injection ports connected to the air injection device 62, and the pressing piston 61, which can slide inside the slag cylinder 4, is provided between the air injection ports at the upper and lower ends.

[0032] The pressing piston 61 divides the interior of the slag cylinder 4 into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. Slag and inoculum solution are added to the lower chamber. After the slag fermentation is complete, gas is injected into the upper chamber through the aeration device 62, making the pressure at the top of the pressing piston 61 greater than the pressure at the bottom. At this point, the pressing piston 61 presses downwards to squeeze the mixture inside the slag cylinder 4, thus filtering and screening the treated slag. After screening, gas is injected into the lower chamber through the aeration device 62, making the pressure at the top of the pressing piston 61 less than the pressure at the bottom. At this point, the pressing piston 61 moves upwards to reset.

[0033] Furthermore, a guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the slag cylinder 4, and a guide block is provided on the outer surface of the pressing piston 61, which is slidably connected to the guide groove. Through the sliding engagement between the guide groove and the guide block, the pressing piston 61 is ensured to slide smoothly, so as to uniformly compress the mixture in the lower cavity.

[0034] The rest of this embodiment is the same as any one of embodiments 1-3, so it will not be described again.

[0035] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste power battery tailings treatment device, comprising a fermentation tank (1), characterized in that, The fermentation tank (1) is filled with a compound microbial filler (2). The top of the fermentation tank (1) is provided with several inlets extending into the compound microbial filler (2). The inlets are provided with inserts (3). The inserts (3) have several through holes on their walls. A slag cylinder (4) is rotatably installed inside the inserts (3). A liquid inlet valve (5) is provided on the wall of the slag cylinder (4) corresponding to the through holes. A pressing device (6) is provided inside the slag cylinder (4). A rotating ventilation device (7) is provided at the bottom of the slag cylinder (4). A sieve device (8) is provided on the bottom wall of the slag cylinder (4).

2. The waste power battery tailings treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slag cylinder (4) has a slag inlet on its top side wall and a detachable sealing seat at its bottom. The sealing seat is equipped with a rotary ventilation device (7).

3. The waste power battery tailings treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotary ventilation device (7) includes an aeration disc (71), a rotary turbine fan (72), and a first driving device. The aeration disc (71) is located at the bottom of the slag cylinder (4), and a plurality of aeration holes are provided on the aeration disc (71). The rotary turbine fan (72) is rotatably provided on the top of the aeration disc (71), and the first driving device is provided at the bottom of the aeration disc (71). The driving end of the first driving device is connected to the rotary turbine fan (72) in a transmission.

4. The waste power battery tailings treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inside of the slag cylinder (4) is equipped with an isolation net (73) located above the rotary ventilation device (7).

5. A waste power battery tailings treatment device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The bottom wall of the insert (3) is provided with a screen hole, and the screen device (8) on the bottom wall of the slag cylinder (4) is connected to the intermediate pool (9) through the screen hole.

6. The waste power battery tailings treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sieving device (8) includes a screen (81) and a one-way valve (82). The bottom wall of the slag cylinder (4) is provided with an installation cavity connected to the screen hole. One-way valve (82) is provided at one end of the installation cavity away from the inside of the slag cylinder (4). Screen (81) is provided on the side of the one-way valve (82) close to the slag cylinder (4).

7. A waste power battery tailings treatment device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The pressing device (6) includes a pressing piston (61) and an air injection device (62). The top and bottom of the slag cylinder (4) are provided with air injection ports connected to the air injection device (62). A pressing piston (61) that can slide inside the slag cylinder (4) is provided between the air injection ports at the top and bottom ends.

8. The waste power battery tailings treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inner wall of the slag cylinder (4) is provided with a guide groove, and the outer side of the pressing piston (61) is provided with a guide block that is slidably connected to the guide groove.

9. A method for treating waste power battery tailings, implemented based on the waste power battery tailings treatment device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Fill the fermentation tank (1) with a microbial liquid containing a compound microbial filler (2), wherein the compound microbial filler (2) includes sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and Aspergillus. Step 2: After crushing the waste power battery into slag, add the slag into the inside of the slag cylinder (4) and hoist the slag cylinder (4) into the inside of the insert cylinder (3); Step 3: Rotate the slag cylinder (4) so ​​that the liquid inlet valve (5) on the slag cylinder (4) is rotated to the first position aligned with the through hole on the insert (3), and open the liquid inlet valve (5) so that the inoculum liquid inside the fermentation tank (1) enters the slag cylinder (4). Step 4: Air is introduced into the slag cylinder (4) through the rotating ventilation device (7), and the slag and inoculum liquid inside the slag cylinder (4) are rotated and stirred so that the slag ferments under the action of the inoculum liquid. Step 5: After fermentation is completed, rotate the slag cylinder (4) so ​​that the liquid inlet valve (5) on the slag cylinder (4) rotates to a second position that is not connected to the through hole on the insert cylinder (3). Then, the slag mixture inside the slag cylinder (4) is squeezed by the pressing device (6). The inoculum liquid in the slag mixture is filtered by the screening device (8) so that the fermented slag is trapped inside the slag cylinder (4). Step 6: Hoist the slag cylinder (4) to the outside of the insert cylinder (3) and remove the slag inside the slag cylinder (4).

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