A moisture-conducting layered composite fabric based on multi-element blended yarn and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of layered fabrics, and discloses a moisture-conducting layered composite fabric based on multi-element blended yarn and a preparation method thereof. By constructing a gradient moisture-conducting layered structure with a moisture-conducting inner layer and a moisture-absorbing outer layer, the moisture-absorbing and moisture-conducting performance of the layered fabric is optimized; the multi-element blended yarn of moisture-absorbing and sweat-releasing polyester staple fiber, cotton fiber and hemp fiber and modified pure cotton yarn are used in the inner layer to realize moisture absorption and moisture conduction through wicking effect; the outer layer is made of pure cotton fabric which can quickly absorb the moisture conducted by the inner layer and evaporate to the environment, forming a moisture-conducting path. The prepared layered composite fabric not only has excellent moisture-absorbing and moisture-conducting performance, but also has improved washing resistance and antibacterial durability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of layered fabric technology, specifically to a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] As people's demands for clothing comfort continue to increase, single-function textiles can no longer meet market demands. The moisture absorption, moisture wicking, and quick-drying properties of fabrics have become key indicators for measuring their comfort.

[0003] Currently, common methods to improve the moisture-wicking performance of fabrics include: modifying the physical structure of the fabric or fiber, such as using fabrics with different moisture absorption and wicking properties to form a layered composite to create a gradient moisture absorption and wicking structure, or using irregularly shaped cross-section fibers to generate a capillary effect through the grooves on the fiber surface to achieve wicking and moisture wicking; and using finishing techniques to give the fabric moisture-wicking function, thus endowing it with the function of absorbing and wicking away sweat.

[0004] Layered composite fabrics are textile materials composed of two or more layers of fabric with different structures or properties. Through differentiated design of each layer's function, they can achieve multiple properties that are difficult to achieve with a single fabric. Among them, moisture-wicking layered composite fabrics typically employ a gradient structure where the inner layer wicks moisture and the outer layer absorbs and evaporates moisture, thereby improving the efficiency of moisture conduction along the fabric's thickness and keeping the skin-friendly surface dry and comfortable. In the construction of moisture-wicking layered composite fabrics, the raw material composition and structural design of the yarn are among the factors affecting the overall performance of the fabric. Multi-component blended yarns refer to blended yarns formed by mixing and spinning multiple fibers, which can fully utilize the synergistic advantages of each component fiber, thereby optimizing the comprehensive performance of the blended yarn.

[0005] In existing technologies, when finishing cotton fabrics with finishing agents, a certain number of relatively stable covalent bonds are typically introduced between the basic structural units and macromolecules of cotton fibers to improve wash resistance. While this effectively improves wash resistance and gives the fabric lasting functionality, it restricts the mobility between the basic structural units of the fabric, making it more uneven under external forces, thus leading to a decrease in the fabric's tensile strength and elongation at break. Therefore, developing a composite fabric that combines efficient gradient moisture wicking, functional durability, and good wash resistance has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns and its preparation method. By constructing a gradient moisture-wicking layered structure with an inner moisture-wicking layer and an outer moisture-absorbing layer, the moisture absorption and wicking performance of the layered fabric is optimized. The inner layer uses a multi-component blended yarn of moisture-wicking polyester staple fiber, cotton fiber, hemp fiber, and modified pure cotton yarn, utilizing the wicking effect to achieve moisture absorption and wicking. The outer layer uses pure cotton fabric, which can quickly absorb the moisture wicked out by the inner layer and evaporate it into the environment, forming a moisture-wicking pathway. The resulting layered composite fabric not only has excellent moisture absorption and wicking performance but also improved washability and antibacterial durability.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for preparing a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns includes the following steps: Step (1): Mix polyethylene glycol and dichloromethane, add triethylamine, add benzenesulfonyl chloride dropwise, react, and then perform post-treatment to obtain sulfonated polyethylene glycol; Step (2): Mix and dissolve sulfonated polyethylene glycol and N,N-dimethylformamide to obtain a sulfonated polyethylene glycol / N,N-dimethylformamide solution; Syringaldehyde, potassium carbonate, and N,N-dimethylformamide were mixed evenly, and then sulfonated polyethylene glycol / N,N-dimethylformamide solution was added. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was purified to obtain syringaldehyde-modified polyethylene glycol. Step (3): Mix 2-amino-1,3-propanediol, eugenol-modified polyethylene glycol, and methanol, add triethylamine dropwise, react, purify, and obtain Schiff base polyether; Step (4): 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde and sodium borohydride are added to ethylenediamine in sequence and reacted. After the reaction is completed, post-treatment is performed to obtain catechol polyamine chain extender. Polypropylene glycol and isophorone diisocyanate were mixed, and dibutyltin dilaurate was added. After the reaction was completed, a polyurethane prepolymer was obtained. Schiff base polyether was added to the polyurethane prepolymer to adjust the viscosity and the reaction was continued. After the reaction was completed, the temperature was lowered, and catechol polyamine chain extender was added. The reaction was carried out again. After the reaction was completed, water was added to emulsify and a polyurethane finishing agent was obtained. Step (5): Blend moisture-wicking polyester staple fiber, cotton fiber, and hemp fiber to obtain multi-component blended yarn; Pure cotton yarn is impregnated with a polyurethane finishing agent. After impregnation, the yarn is removed and dried to obtain modified pure cotton yarn. Using multi-component blended yarn as warp and modified pure cotton yarn as weft, the inner fabric is woven. Pure cotton fabric is used as the outer layer and layered with the inner layer. After being sewn together with cotton sewing thread, a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns is obtained.

[0008] Preferably, in step (1), the ratio of polyethylene glycol, triethylamine, and benzenesulfonyl chloride is 6g:2-3mL:2.3-3g; the reaction conditions are: reaction at 20-30℃ for 80-100h.

[0009] Preferably, in step (1), the post-processing operation includes: adding water to terminate the reaction, extracting with dichloromethane, taking the organic phase, drying with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtering after standing, taking the filtrate, removing dichloromethane by rotary evaporation, adding diethyl ether to precipitate, filtering to take the precipitate, and drying.

[0010] Preferably, in step (2): the ratio of sulfonated polyethylene glycol to N,N-dimethylformamide in the sulfonated polyethylene glycol / N,N-dimethylformamide solution is 5g:60mL; the ratio of eugenol, potassium carbonate, N,N-dimethylformamide, and sulfonated polyethylene glycol / N,N-dimethylformamide solution is 1g:1g:50-60mL:50-60mL; the reaction conditions are: stirring and reacting at 70-80℃ under a nitrogen atmosphere for 20-30h.

[0011] Preferably, in step (2), the purification operation includes: cooling to room temperature, rotary evaporation to remove N,N-dimethylformamide, adding water for washing, separating the liquid, taking the organic phase, drying with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtering after standing, taking the filtrate, adding diethyl ether to precipitate, filtering to take the precipitate, and drying.

[0012] Preferably, in step (3), the ratio of 2-amino-1,3-propanediol, eugenol-modified polyethylene glycol, methanol, and triethylamine is 0.9-1g:15g:40-60mL:1-1.2g; the reaction conditions are: stirring and reacting for 10h in a nitrogen atmosphere at 20-30℃.

[0013] Preferably, in step (3), the purification operation includes: removing methanol by rotary evaporation, dissolving in ethyl acetate, washing with water, taking the organic phase, drying with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtering, concentrating the filtrate, precipitating with n-hexane, and drying the precipitate.

[0014] Preferably, in step (4), when preparing the catechol polyamine chain extender, the ratio of 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, sodium borohydride, and ethylenediamine is 2.5-3g:0.5-0.6g:0.5-0.8g; the reaction conditions are: stirring at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere for 8-12 hours.

[0015] Preferably, in step (4), when preparing the catechol polyamine chain extender, the post-treatment operation includes: rotary evaporation to remove water, adding acetone for recrystallization to remove sodium borohydride, filtering to obtain the precipitate, and drying.

[0016] Preferably, in step (4): the molar ratio of polypropylene glycol to isophorone diisocyanate is 1:2-3; the amount of dibutyltin dilaurate added is 0.01-0.1 wt% of the mass of isophorone diisocyanate added; the mass ratio of polyurethane prepolymer, Schiff base polyether, and catechol polyamine chain extender is 100:8-10:2-6; the reaction and continuation conditions are: reaction at 80-90℃ for 1-3 hours; the reaction conditions for the second reaction are: reaction at 50-60℃ for 0.5-1 hours; and the solid content of the polyurethane finishing agent is 20-30%.

[0017] Preferably, in step (5): the mass ratio of moisture-wicking polyester staple fiber, cotton fiber and hemp fiber in the multi-component blended yarn is 40-60:20-30:20-30; the impregnation conditions are: impregnation at 30-50℃ for 20-40 minutes, the amount of polyurethane finishing agent is 50-100g / L, and the bath ratio is 1:30-50.

[0018] Preferably, a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns is prepared using the preparation method of the moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns as described above.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention optimizes the moisture absorption and wicking performance of layered fabrics by constructing a gradient moisture-wicking layered structure with an inner moisture-wicking layer and an outer moisture-absorbing layer. The inner layer uses a multi-component blended yarn of moisture-wicking polyester staple fiber, cotton fiber, hemp fiber, and modified pure cotton yarn, utilizing the wicking effect to achieve moisture absorption and wicking. The outer layer uses pure cotton fabric, which can quickly absorb the moisture wicked out by the inner layer and evaporate it into the environment, forming a moisture-wicking pathway. The resulting layered composite fabric not only has excellent moisture absorption and wicking performance, but also improved washability and antibacterial durability.

[0020] 2. In preparing the inner layer fabric, this invention uses a blend of moisture-wicking polyester staple fiber, cotton fiber, and hemp fiber to create a multi-component blended yarn. By utilizing the excellent hydrophilic and moisture-wicking properties of cotton fiber and the wicking effect of hemp fiber and moisture-wicking polyester staple fiber, a moisture-wicking network is constructed, achieving the moisture-wicking effect of the inner layer being able to quickly absorb moisture and rapidly conduct moisture to the outer layer.

[0021] 3. In preparing modified pure cotton yarn for the inner layer fabric, this invention introduces Schiff base polyether and catechol polyamine chain extender into polyurethane, utilizing the hydrophilicity of the polyether segments to prepare a moisture-wicking polyurethane finishing agent. Furthermore, when finishing the pure cotton yarn, the catechol groups can form covalent or hydrogen bonds with the fiber surface, enhancing the bonding force between the finishing agent and the fiber, thus improving wash resistance without affecting the mechanical properties of the pure cotton yarn; the Schiff base, on the other hand, imparts antibacterial properties to the yarn.

[0022] The Schiff base polyether is prepared by reacting polyethylene glycol with benzenesulfonyl chloride via nucleophilic substitution, followed by further substitution with eugenol to produce eugenol-modified polyethylene glycol. This modified polyethylene glycol then reacts with 2-amino-1,3-propanediol to form a Schiff base polyether with Schiff base bonds and a polyhydroxy structure. Introducing this polyether into polyurethane finishing agents can improve the antibacterial properties of the polyurethane matrix. Furthermore, the polyhydroxy structure can optimize the crosslinking degree of the polyurethane matrix, forming a highly crosslinked network structure on the yarn surface, further improving wash resistance.

[0023] The preparation method of the catechol polyamine chain extender involves reacting 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde with ethylenediamine to generate Schiff base bonds, followed by reductive amination with sodium borohydride to produce a chain extender with a secondary amine structure. In the polyurethane chain extension reaction, the isocyanate groups preferentially react with the secondary amine groups, thereby giving the resulting polyurethane finishing agent catechol adhesive groups, optimizing the adhesion of the polyurethane finishing agent to pure cotton yarn, and improving wash resistance. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns in this invention; Figure 2 This is a bar chart showing the antibacterial performance test results of the inner layer fabrics prepared in the embodiments and comparative examples of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further illustrated below through specific embodiments. The following embodiments are specific implementations of the present invention, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and are included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1 This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns, including the following steps: Step (1): Mix 6g polyethylene glycol and 25mL dichloromethane, add 3mL triethylamine, stir at 0℃ for 10min, add 2.3g benzenesulfonyl chloride dropwise over 20min, after the addition is complete, heat to 20℃ and react for 100h, add water to stop the reaction, extract with dichloromethane, take the organic phase, dry with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filter after standing, take the filtrate, remove dichloromethane by rotary evaporation, add diethyl ether to precipitate, filter to take the precipitate, dry at 30℃ for 12h to obtain sulfonated polyethylene glycol; Step (2): Mix and dissolve 5g of sulfonated polyethylene glycol and 60mL of N,N-dimethylformamide to obtain a sulfonated polyethylene glycol / N,N-dimethylformamide solution; 1 g of eugenol, 1 g of potassium carbonate, and 60 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide were mixed evenly under a nitrogen atmosphere. 60 mL of sulfonated polyethylene glycol / N,N-dimethylformamide solution was added, and the mixture was stirred at 80 °C for 24 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, and N,N-dimethylformamide was removed by rotary evaporation. The mixture was washed with water, separated, and the organic phase was collected. It was dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, allowed to stand, and then filtered. The filtrate was collected, and ether was added to precipitate the precipitate. The precipitate was filtered and dried at 30 °C for 12 h to obtain eugenol-modified polyethylene glycol. Step (3): Mix 0.91g of 2-amino-1,3-propanediol, 15g of eugenol-modified polyethylene glycol, and 40mL of methanol. Add 1.01g of triethylamine dropwise under a nitrogen atmosphere for 1 hour. After the addition is complete, stir the mixture at 30°C for 10 hours. After the reaction is complete, remove methanol by rotary evaporation, dissolve the mixture in ethyl acetate, wash with water, take the organic phase, dry it with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filter, concentrate the filtrate, precipitate it with n-hexane, and dry the precipitate at 50°C for 12 hours to obtain Schiff base polyether. Step (4): 2.76 g of 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and 0.56 g of sodium borohydride were added to 0.6 g of ethylenediamine in sequence. The mixture was stirred and reacted at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere for 9 h. After the reaction was completed, water was removed by rotary evaporation, and sodium borohydride was removed by recrystallization with acetone. The precipitate was filtered and dried at 50 °C for 12 h to obtain catechol polyamine chain extender. Polypropylene glycol and isophorone diisocyanate were mixed, and dibutyltin dilaurate was added. The mixture was reacted at 80°C for 2 hours. After the reaction, a polyurethane prepolymer was obtained. Schiff base polyether was added to the polyurethane prepolymer, and the viscosity was adjusted with acetone. The mixture was reacted at 80°C for 2 hours. After the reaction, the temperature was lowered to 55°C, and catechol polyamine chain extender was added. The mixture was reacted at 55°C for 30 minutes. After the reaction, water was added for emulsification to obtain a polyurethane finishing agent with a solid content of 25%. The molar ratio of polypropylene glycol to isophorone diisocyanate is 1:2; the amount of dibutyltin dilaurate added is 0.05 wt% of the mass of isophorone diisocyanate added; the mass ratio of polyurethane prepolymer, Schiff base polyether, and catechol polyamine chain extender is 100:8:2. Step (5): Blend the moisture-wicking polyester staple fiber, cotton fiber, and hemp fiber in a mass ratio of 60:20:20 to obtain a multi-component blended yarn with a specification of 14 tex. The pure cotton yarn was impregnated with a polyurethane finishing agent at 40°C for 30 minutes. The amount of polyurethane finishing agent was 60 g / L and the liquor ratio was 1:50. After impregnation, the yarn was taken out and dried at 50°C for 12 hours to obtain modified pure cotton yarn. Using multi-component blended yarn as warp and modified pure cotton yarn as weft, a woven fabric was obtained with a weight of 180 g / m². 2 The inner fabric; The weight is 150g / m 2 Pure cotton fabric is used as the outer layer, which is layered and laminated with the inner layer. After being sewn together with cotton sewing thread, a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns is obtained.

[0027] Example 2 This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns, including the following steps: Step (1): Mix 6g polyethylene glycol and 25mL dichloromethane, add 3mL triethylamine, stir at 0℃ for 10min, add 2.3g benzenesulfonyl chloride dropwise over 20min, and after the addition is complete, heat to 25℃ and react for 90h. Add water to terminate the reaction, extract with dichloromethane, take the organic phase, dry with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filter after standing, take the filtrate, remove dichloromethane by rotary evaporation, add diethyl ether to precipitate, filter to take the precipitate, and dry at 30℃ for 12h to obtain sulfonated polyethylene glycol; Step (2): Mix and dissolve 5g of sulfonated polyethylene glycol and 60mL of N,N-dimethylformamide to obtain a sulfonated polyethylene glycol / N,N-dimethylformamide solution; 1 g of eugenol, 1 g of potassium carbonate, and 60 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide were mixed evenly under a nitrogen atmosphere. 60 mL of sulfonated polyethylene glycol / N,N-dimethylformamide solution was added, and the mixture was stirred at 80 °C for 24 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, and N,N-dimethylformamide was removed by rotary evaporation. The mixture was washed with water, separated, and the organic phase was collected. It was dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, allowed to stand, and then filtered. The filtrate was collected, and ether was added to precipitate the precipitate. The precipitate was filtered and dried at 30 °C for 12 h to obtain eugenol-modified polyethylene glycol. Step (3): Mix 0.91g of 2-amino-1,3-propanediol, 15g of eugenol-modified polyethylene glycol, and 40mL of methanol. Add 1.01g of triethylamine dropwise under a nitrogen atmosphere for 1 hour. After the addition is complete, stir the mixture at 30°C for 10 hours. After the reaction is complete, remove methanol by rotary evaporation, dissolve the mixture in ethyl acetate, wash with water, take the organic phase, dry it with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filter, concentrate the filtrate, precipitate it with n-hexane, and dry the precipitate at 50°C for 12 hours to obtain Schiff base polyether. Step (4): 2.76 g of 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and 0.56 g of sodium borohydride were added to 0.6 g of ethylenediamine in sequence. The mixture was stirred and reacted at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere for 9 h. After the reaction was completed, water was removed by rotary evaporation, and sodium borohydride was removed by recrystallization with acetone. The precipitate was filtered and dried at 50 °C for 12 h to obtain catechol polyamine chain extender. Polypropylene glycol and isophorone diisocyanate were mixed, and dibutyltin dilaurate was added. The mixture was reacted at 80°C for 1.5 h. After the reaction was completed, a polyurethane prepolymer was obtained. Schiff base polyether was added to the polyurethane prepolymer, and the viscosity was adjusted with acetone. The mixture was reacted at 80°C for 1.5 h. After the reaction was completed, the temperature was lowered to 55°C, and catechol polyamine chain extender was added. The mixture was reacted at 55°C for 30 min. After the reaction was completed, water was added for emulsification to obtain a polyurethane finishing agent with a solid content of 25%. The molar ratio of polypropylene glycol to isophorone diisocyanate is 1:2; the amount of dibutyltin dilaurate added is 0.05 wt% of the mass of isophorone diisocyanate added; the mass ratio of polyurethane prepolymer, Schiff base polyether, and catechol polyamine chain extender is 100:8.5:3. Step (5): Blend the moisture-wicking polyester staple fiber, cotton fiber, and hemp fiber in a mass ratio of 60:20:20 to obtain a multi-component blended yarn with a specification of 14 tex. The pure cotton yarn was impregnated with a polyurethane finishing agent at 40°C for 30 minutes. The amount of polyurethane finishing agent was 60 g / L and the liquor ratio was 1:50. After impregnation, the yarn was taken out and dried at 50°C for 12 hours to obtain modified pure cotton yarn. Using multi-component blended yarn as warp and modified pure cotton yarn as weft, a woven fabric was obtained with a weight of 180 g / m². 2 The inner fabric; The weight is 150g / m 2 Pure cotton fabric is used as the outer layer, which is layered and laminated with the inner layer. After being sewn together with cotton sewing thread, a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns is obtained.

[0028] Example 3 This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns, including the following steps: Step (1): Mix 6g polyethylene glycol and 25mL dichloromethane, add 3mL triethylamine, stir at 0℃ for 10min, add 2.3g benzenesulfonyl chloride dropwise over 20min, and after the addition is complete, heat to 25℃ and react for 90h. Add water to terminate the reaction, extract with dichloromethane, take the organic phase, dry with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filter after standing, take the filtrate, remove dichloromethane by rotary evaporation, add diethyl ether to precipitate, filter to take the precipitate, and dry at 30℃ for 12h to obtain sulfonated polyethylene glycol; Step (2): Mix and dissolve 5g of sulfonated polyethylene glycol and 60mL of N,N-dimethylformamide to obtain a sulfonated polyethylene glycol / N,N-dimethylformamide solution; 1 g of eugenol, 1 g of potassium carbonate, and 60 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide were mixed evenly under a nitrogen atmosphere. 60 mL of sulfonated polyethylene glycol / N,N-dimethylformamide solution was added, and the mixture was stirred at 80 °C for 24 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, and N,N-dimethylformamide was removed by rotary evaporation. The mixture was washed with water, separated, and the organic phase was collected. It was dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, allowed to stand, and then filtered. The filtrate was collected, and ether was added to precipitate the precipitate. The precipitate was filtered and dried at 30 °C for 12 h to obtain eugenol-modified polyethylene glycol. Step (3): Mix 0.91g of 2-amino-1,3-propanediol, 15g of eugenol-modified polyethylene glycol, and 40mL of methanol. Add 1.01g of triethylamine dropwise under a nitrogen atmosphere for 1 hour. After the addition is complete, stir the mixture at 30°C for 10 hours. After the reaction is complete, remove methanol by rotary evaporation, dissolve the mixture in ethyl acetate, wash with water, take the organic phase, dry it with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filter, concentrate the filtrate, precipitate it with n-hexane, and dry the precipitate at 50°C for 12 hours to obtain Schiff base polyether. Step (4): 2.76 g of 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and 0.56 g of sodium borohydride were added to 0.6 g of ethylenediamine in sequence. The mixture was stirred and reacted at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere for 9 h. After the reaction was completed, water was removed by rotary evaporation, and sodium borohydride was removed by recrystallization with acetone. The precipitate was filtered and dried at 50 °C for 12 h to obtain catechol polyamine chain extender. Polypropylene glycol and isophorone diisocyanate were mixed, and dibutyltin dilaurate was added. The mixture was reacted at 83°C for 1.5 h. After the reaction was completed, a polyurethane prepolymer was obtained. Schiff base polyether was added to the polyurethane prepolymer, and the viscosity was adjusted with acetone. The mixture was reacted at 83°C for 1.5 h. After the reaction was completed, the temperature was lowered to 55°C, and catechol polyamine chain extender was added. The mixture was reacted at 55°C for 30 min. After the reaction was completed, water was added for emulsification to obtain a polyurethane finishing agent with a solid content of 25%. The molar ratio of polypropylene glycol to isophorone diisocyanate is 1:2; the amount of dibutyltin dilaurate added is 0.05 wt% of the mass of isophorone diisocyanate added; the mass ratio of polyurethane prepolymer, Schiff base polyether, and catechol polyamine chain extender is 100:9:4. Step (5): Blend the moisture-wicking polyester staple fiber, cotton fiber, and hemp fiber in a mass ratio of 60:20:20 to obtain a multi-component blended yarn with a specification of 14 tex. The pure cotton yarn was impregnated with a polyurethane finishing agent at 40°C for 30 minutes. The amount of polyurethane finishing agent was 60 g / L and the liquor ratio was 1:50. After impregnation, the yarn was taken out and dried at 50°C for 12 hours to obtain modified pure cotton yarn. Using multi-component blended yarn as warp and modified pure cotton yarn as weft, a woven fabric was obtained with a weight of 180 g / m². 2 The inner fabric; The weight is 150g / m 2 Pure cotton fabric is used as the outer layer, which is layered and laminated with the inner layer. After being sewn together with cotton sewing thread, a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns is obtained.

[0029] Example 4 This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns, including the following steps: Step (1): Mix 6g polyethylene glycol and 25mL dichloromethane, add 3mL triethylamine, stir at 0℃ for 10min, add 2.3g benzenesulfonyl chloride dropwise over 20min, and after the addition is complete, heat to 25℃ and react for 90h. Add water to terminate the reaction, extract with dichloromethane, take the organic phase, dry with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filter after standing, take the filtrate, remove dichloromethane by rotary evaporation, add diethyl ether to precipitate, filter to take the precipitate, and dry at 30℃ for 12h to obtain sulfonated polyethylene glycol; Step (2): Mix and dissolve 5g of sulfonated polyethylene glycol and 60mL of N,N-dimethylformamide to obtain a sulfonated polyethylene glycol / N,N-dimethylformamide solution; 1 g of eugenol, 1 g of potassium carbonate, and 60 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide were mixed evenly under a nitrogen atmosphere. 60 mL of sulfonated polyethylene glycol / N,N-dimethylformamide solution was added, and the mixture was stirred at 80 °C for 24 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, and N,N-dimethylformamide was removed by rotary evaporation. The mixture was washed with water, separated, and the organic phase was collected. It was dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, allowed to stand, and then filtered. The filtrate was collected, and ether was added to precipitate the precipitate. The precipitate was filtered and dried at 30 °C for 12 h to obtain eugenol-modified polyethylene glycol. Step (3): Mix 0.91g of 2-amino-1,3-propanediol, 15g of eugenol-modified polyethylene glycol, and 40mL of methanol. Add 1.01g of triethylamine dropwise under a nitrogen atmosphere for 1 hour. After the addition is complete, stir the mixture at 30°C for 10 hours. After the reaction is complete, remove methanol by rotary evaporation, dissolve the mixture in ethyl acetate, wash with water, take the organic phase, dry it with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filter, concentrate the filtrate, precipitate it with n-hexane, and dry the precipitate at 50°C for 12 hours to obtain Schiff base polyether. Step (4): 2.76 g of 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and 0.56 g of sodium borohydride were added to 0.6 g of ethylenediamine in sequence. The mixture was stirred and reacted at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere for 9 h. After the reaction was completed, water was removed by rotary evaporation, and sodium borohydride was removed by recrystallization with acetone. The precipitate was filtered and dried at 50 °C for 12 h to obtain catechol polyamine chain extender. Polypropylene glycol and isophorone diisocyanate were mixed, and dibutyltin dilaurate was added. The mixture was reacted at 85°C for 1.5 h. After the reaction was completed, a polyurethane prepolymer was obtained. Schiff base polyether was added to the polyurethane prepolymer, and the viscosity was adjusted with acetone. The mixture was reacted at 85°C for 1.5 h. After the reaction was completed, the temperature was lowered to 55°C, and catechol polyamine chain extender was added. The mixture was reacted at 55°C for 30 min. After the reaction was completed, water was added for emulsification to obtain a polyurethane finishing agent with a solid content of 25%. The molar ratio of polypropylene glycol to isophorone diisocyanate is 1:2; the amount of dibutyltin dilaurate added is 0.05 wt% of the mass of isophorone diisocyanate added; the mass ratio of polyurethane prepolymer, Schiff base polyether, and catechol polyamine chain extender is 100:9.5:5. Step (5): Blend the moisture-wicking polyester staple fiber, cotton fiber, and hemp fiber in a mass ratio of 60:20:20 to obtain a multi-component blended yarn with a specification of 14 tex. The pure cotton yarn was impregnated with a polyurethane finishing agent at 40°C for 30 minutes. The amount of polyurethane finishing agent was 60 g / L and the liquor ratio was 1:50. After impregnation, the yarn was taken out and dried at 50°C for 12 hours to obtain modified pure cotton yarn. Using multi-component blended yarn as warp and modified pure cotton yarn as weft, a woven fabric was obtained with a weight of 180 g / m². 2 The inner fabric; The weight is 150g / m 2 Pure cotton fabric is used as the outer layer, which is layered and laminated with the inner layer. After being sewn together with cotton sewing thread, a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns is obtained.

[0030] Example 5 This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns, including the following steps: Step (1): Mix 6g polyethylene glycol and 25mL dichloromethane, add 3mL triethylamine, stir at 0℃ for 10min, add 2.3g benzenesulfonyl chloride dropwise over 20min, and after the addition is complete, heat to 30℃ and react for 80h. Add water to terminate the reaction, extract with dichloromethane, take the organic phase, dry with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filter after standing, take the filtrate, remove dichloromethane by rotary evaporation, add diethyl ether to precipitate, filter to take the precipitate, dry at 30℃ for 12h to obtain sulfonated polyethylene glycol; Step (2): Mix and dissolve 5g of sulfonated polyethylene glycol and 60mL of N,N-dimethylformamide to obtain a sulfonated polyethylene glycol / N,N-dimethylformamide solution; 1 g of eugenol, 1 g of potassium carbonate, and 60 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide were mixed evenly under a nitrogen atmosphere. 60 mL of sulfonated polyethylene glycol / N,N-dimethylformamide solution was added, and the mixture was stirred at 80 °C for 24 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, and N,N-dimethylformamide was removed by rotary evaporation. The mixture was washed with water, separated, and the organic phase was collected. It was dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, allowed to stand, and then filtered. The filtrate was collected, and ether was added to precipitate the precipitate. The precipitate was filtered and dried at 30 °C for 12 h to obtain eugenol-modified polyethylene glycol. Step (3): Mix 0.91g of 2-amino-1,3-propanediol, 15g of eugenol-modified polyethylene glycol, and 40mL of methanol. Add 1.01g of triethylamine dropwise under a nitrogen atmosphere for 1 hour. After the addition is complete, stir the mixture at 30°C for 10 hours. After the reaction is complete, remove methanol by rotary evaporation, dissolve the mixture in ethyl acetate, wash with water, take the organic phase, dry it with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filter, concentrate the filtrate, precipitate it with n-hexane, and dry the precipitate at 50°C for 12 hours to obtain Schiff base polyether. Step (4): 2.76 g of 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and 0.56 g of sodium borohydride were added to 0.6 g of ethylenediamine in sequence. The mixture was stirred and reacted at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere for 9 h. After the reaction was completed, water was removed by rotary evaporation, and sodium borohydride was removed by recrystallization with acetone. The precipitate was filtered and dried at 50 °C for 12 h to obtain catechol polyamine chain extender. Polypropylene glycol and isophorone diisocyanate were mixed, and dibutyltin dilaurate was added. The mixture was reacted at 85°C for 1 hour. After the reaction, a polyurethane prepolymer was obtained. Schiff base polyether was added to the polyurethane prepolymer, and the viscosity was adjusted with acetone. The mixture was reacted at 85°C for 1 hour. After the reaction, the temperature was lowered to 55°C, and catechol polyamine chain extender was added. The mixture was reacted at 55°C for 30 minutes. After the reaction, water was added for emulsification to obtain a polyurethane finishing agent with a solid content of 25%. The molar ratio of polypropylene glycol to isophorone diisocyanate is 1:2; the amount of dibutyltin dilaurate added is 0.05 wt% of the mass of isophorone diisocyanate added; the mass ratio of polyurethane prepolymer, Schiff base polyether, and catechol polyamine chain extender is 100:10:6. Step (5): Blend the moisture-wicking polyester staple fiber, cotton fiber, and hemp fiber in a mass ratio of 60:20:20 to obtain a multi-component blended yarn with a specification of 14 tex. The pure cotton yarn was impregnated with a polyurethane finishing agent at 40°C for 30 minutes. The amount of polyurethane finishing agent was 60 g / L and the liquor ratio was 1:50. After impregnation, the yarn was taken out and dried at 50°C for 12 hours to obtain modified pure cotton yarn. Using multi-component blended yarn as warp and modified pure cotton yarn as weft, a woven fabric was obtained with a weight of 180 g / m². 2 The inner fabric; The weight is 150g / m 2 Pure cotton fabric is used as the outer layer, which is layered and laminated with the inner layer. After being sewn together with cotton sewing thread, a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns is obtained.

[0031] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example discloses a method for preparing a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns, including the following steps: Step (1): Mix 6g polyethylene glycol and 25mL dichloromethane, add 3mL triethylamine, stir at 0℃ for 10min, add 2.3g benzenesulfonyl chloride dropwise over 20min, after the addition is complete, heat to 20℃ and react for 100h, add water to stop the reaction, extract with dichloromethane, take the organic phase, dry with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filter after standing, take the filtrate, remove dichloromethane by rotary evaporation, add diethyl ether to precipitate, filter to take the precipitate, dry at 30℃ for 12h to obtain sulfonated polyethylene glycol; Step (2): Mix and dissolve 5g of sulfonated polyethylene glycol and 60mL of N,N-dimethylformamide to obtain a sulfonated polyethylene glycol / N,N-dimethylformamide solution; 1 g of eugenol, 1 g of potassium carbonate, and 60 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide were mixed evenly under a nitrogen atmosphere. 60 mL of sulfonated polyethylene glycol / N,N-dimethylformamide solution was added, and the mixture was stirred at 80 °C for 24 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, and N,N-dimethylformamide was removed by rotary evaporation. The mixture was washed with water, separated, and the organic phase was collected. It was dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, allowed to stand, and then filtered. The filtrate was collected, and ether was added to precipitate the precipitate. The precipitate was filtered and dried at 30 °C for 12 h to obtain eugenol-modified polyethylene glycol. Step (3): Mix 0.91g of 2-amino-1,3-propanediol, 15g of eugenol-modified polyethylene glycol, and 40mL of methanol. Add 1.01g of triethylamine dropwise under a nitrogen atmosphere for 1 hour. After the addition is complete, stir the mixture at 30°C for 10 hours. After the reaction is complete, remove methanol by rotary evaporation, dissolve the mixture in ethyl acetate, wash with water, take the organic phase, dry it with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filter, concentrate the filtrate, precipitate it with n-hexane, and dry the precipitate at 50°C for 12 hours to obtain Schiff base polyether. Step (4): Mix polypropylene glycol and isophorone diisocyanate, add dibutyltin dilaurate, and react at 80°C for 2 hours. After the reaction is complete, a polyurethane prepolymer is obtained. Add Schiff base polyether and 1,4-butanediol to the polyurethane prepolymer, adjust the viscosity with acetone, and react at 80°C for 2 hours. After the reaction is complete, add water to emulsify and obtain a polyurethane finishing agent with a solid content of 25%. The molar ratio of polypropylene glycol to isophorone diisocyanate is 1:2; the amount of dibutyltin dilaurate added is 0.05 wt% of the mass of isophorone diisocyanate added; the mass ratio of polyurethane prepolymer, Schiff base polyether, and 1,4-butanediol is 100:8:2. Step (5): Blend the moisture-wicking polyester staple fiber, cotton fiber, and hemp fiber in a mass ratio of 60:20:20 to obtain a multi-component blended yarn with a specification of 14 tex. The pure cotton yarn was impregnated with a polyurethane finishing agent at 40°C for 30 minutes. The amount of polyurethane finishing agent was 60 g / L and the liquor ratio was 1:50. After impregnation, the yarn was taken out and dried at 50°C for 12 hours to obtain modified pure cotton yarn. Using multi-component blended yarn as warp and modified pure cotton yarn as weft, a woven fabric was obtained with a weight of 180 g / m². 2 The inner fabric; The weight is 150g / m 2 Pure cotton fabric is used as the outer layer, which is layered and laminated with the inner layer. After being sewn together with cotton sewing thread, a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns is obtained.

[0032] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example discloses a method for preparing a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns, including the following steps: Step (1): 2.76g of 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and 0.56g of sodium borohydride were added to 0.6g of ethylenediamine in sequence. The mixture was stirred and reacted at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere for 9h. After the reaction was completed, water was removed by rotary evaporation, and sodium borohydride was removed by recrystallization with acetone. The precipitate was filtered and dried at 50℃ for 12h to obtain catechol polyamine chain extender. Polypropylene glycol and isophorone diisocyanate were mixed, and dibutyltin dilaurate was added. The mixture was reacted at 80°C for 2 hours. After the reaction, a polyurethane prepolymer was obtained. 1,4-Butanediol was added to the polyurethane prepolymer, and the viscosity was adjusted with acetone. The mixture was reacted at 80°C for 2 hours. After the reaction, the temperature was lowered to 55°C, and catechol polyamine chain extender was added. The mixture was reacted at 55°C for 30 minutes. After the reaction, water was added for emulsification to obtain a polyurethane finishing agent with a solid content of 25%. The molar ratio of polypropylene glycol to isophorone diisocyanate is 1:2; the amount of dibutyltin dilaurate added is 0.05 wt% of the mass of isophorone diisocyanate added; the mass ratio of polyurethane prepolymer, 1,4-butanediol, and catechol polyamine chain extender is 100:8:2. Step (2): Blend the moisture-wicking polyester staple fiber, cotton fiber, and hemp fiber in a mass ratio of 60:20:20 to obtain a multi-component blended yarn with a specification of 14 tex. The pure cotton yarn was impregnated with a polyurethane finishing agent at 40°C for 30 minutes. The amount of polyurethane finishing agent was 60 g / L and the liquor ratio was 1:50. After impregnation, the yarn was taken out and dried at 50°C for 12 hours to obtain modified pure cotton yarn. Using multi-component blended yarn as warp and modified pure cotton yarn as weft, a woven fabric was obtained with a weight of 180 g / m². 2 The inner fabric; The weight is 150g / m 2 Pure cotton fabric is used as the outer layer, which is layered and laminated with the inner layer. After being sewn together with cotton sewing thread, a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns is obtained.

[0033] In the above examples and comparative examples: the molecular weight of polyethylene glycol is 1500; the molecular weight of polypropylene glycol is 1000; the moisture-wicking polyester staple fiber is hydrophilic moisture-wicking polyester staple fiber Supercool, with a "Y" shaped cross-section; the pure cotton yarn specification is 14tex; the pure cotton fabric is made by weaving pure cotton yarn.

[0034] Test case The inner layer fabrics prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-2 are designated as Samples 1-7. Antibacterial properties were tested on Samples 1-7; the specific test results are shown in Table 1. Moisture-wicking properties were tested on the moisture-wicking layered composite fabrics based on multi-component blended yarns prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-2; the test results are shown in Table 2. Table 1

[0035] Table 2 <![CDATA[Water vapor transmission rate (g / m 2 d)]]> Water evaporation rate (mL / h) Example 1 7988 1.40 Example 2 8016 1.38 Example 3 7983 1.42 Example 4 7965 1.38 Example 5 8081 1.39 Comparative Example 1 7952 1.38 Comparative Example 2 7756 1.37 The tests for each indicator in Tables 1 and 2 were conducted according to the following standards: the antibacterial rate was determined in accordance with GB / T 20944.3-2008 "Evaluation of antibacterial properties of textiles - Part 3: Shaking method"; the moisture permeability was determined in accordance with GB / T 12704.1-2009 "Textiles - Test methods for moisture permeability of fabrics - Part 1: Moisture absorption method"; and the moisture evaporation rate was determined in accordance with GB / T 21655.1-2008 "Evaluation of moisture absorption and quick-drying properties of textiles - Part 1: Single-item combination test method".

[0036] As can be seen from the test results in Tables 1 and 2, the composite fabric prepared by the present invention has excellent moisture absorption and wicking properties, as well as long-lasting antibacterial properties and good washability.

[0037] In Comparative Example 1, no catechol polyamine chain extender was added when preparing the polyurethane finishing agent. Due to the lack of adhesion between the catechol groups and the surface of the cotton fibers, the polyurethane finishing agent only adhered to the yarn surface through physical action and was easily detached during washing. Therefore, the antibacterial rate of Comparative Example 1 decreased significantly after washing, and its washability was poor.

[0038] In Comparative Example 2, no Schiff base polyether was added during the preparation of the polyurethane finishing agent. The lack of Schiff base structure led to a decrease in the antibacterial activity of the polyurethane finishing agent, thereby affecting the antibacterial performance of the inner fabric.

[0039] It should be noted that the embodiments described above are only for explaining the present invention and do not constitute any limitation on the present invention. The present invention has been described with reference to typical embodiments, but it should be understood that the words used therein are descriptive and explanatory terms, not limiting terms. Modifications can be made to the present invention within the scope of the claims, and revisions can be made to the present invention without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. Although the present invention described herein relates to specific methods, materials, and embodiments, it does not mean that the present invention is limited to the specific examples disclosed herein; on the contrary, the present invention can be extended to all other methods and applications with the same function.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step (1): 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde and sodium borohydride are added to ethylenediamine in sequence. After reaction, post-treatment is performed to obtain catechol polyamine chain extender. Step (2): Mix polypropylene glycol and isophorone diisocyanate, add dibutyltin dilaurate, and after reaction, obtain polyurethane prepolymer; add Schiff base polyether to polyurethane prepolymer to adjust viscosity, continue reaction, cool down, add catechol polyamine chain extender, react again, add water emulsification, and obtain polyurethane finishing agent. Step (3): Blend moisture-wicking polyester staple fiber, cotton fiber, and hemp fiber to obtain multi-component blended yarn; Impregnate pure cotton yarn with polyurethane finishing agent, remove after impregnation, and dry to obtain modified pure cotton yarn. Step (4): Use multi-component blended yarn as warp and modified pure cotton yarn as weft, and weave to obtain the inner layer fabric; use pure cotton fabric as the outer layer fabric, and sew it together with the inner layer fabric to obtain a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarn.

2. The method for preparing a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the ratio of 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, sodium borohydride, and ethylenediamine is 2.5-3g:0.5-0.6g:0.5-0.8g; the reaction conditions are: stirring at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere for 8-12 hours.

3. The method for preparing a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Schiff base polyether in step (2) is prepared by the following steps: S1. Mix polyethylene glycol and dichloromethane, add triethylamine, add benzenesulfonyl chloride dropwise, react, and then perform post-treatment to obtain sulfonated polyethylene glycol; S2. Mix and dissolve sulfonated polyethylene glycol and N,N-dimethylformamide to obtain a sulfonated polyethylene glycol / N,N-dimethylformamide solution; Syringaldehyde, potassium carbonate, and N,N-dimethylformamide were mixed evenly, and then sulfonated polyethylene glycol / N,N-dimethylformamide solution was added. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was purified to obtain syringaldehyde-modified polyethylene glycol. S3. Mix 2-amino-1,3-propanediol, eugenol-modified polyethylene glycol, and methanol, add triethylamine dropwise, react, and purify to obtain Schiff base polyether.

4. The method for preparing a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), when preparing Schiff base polyether, the ratio of polyethylene glycol, triethylamine, and benzenesulfonyl chloride in S1 is 6g:2-3mL:2.3-3g; the reaction conditions are: reaction at 20-30℃ for 80-100h.

5. The method for preparing a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), when preparing Schiff base polyether, in S2: the ratio of sulfonated polyethylene glycol to N,N-dimethylformamide in the sulfonated polyethylene glycol / N,N-dimethylformamide solution is 5g:60mL; the ratio of eugenol, potassium carbonate, N,N-dimethylformamide, and sulfonated polyethylene glycol / N,N-dimethylformamide solution is 1g:1g:50-60mL:50-60mL; the reaction conditions are: stirring and reacting at 70-80℃ for 20-30h in a nitrogen atmosphere.

6. The method for preparing a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), when preparing Schiff base polyether, the ratio of 2-amino-1,3-propanediol, eugenol-modified polyethylene glycol, methanol, and triethylamine in S3 is 0.9-1g:15g:40-60mL:1-1.2g; the reaction conditions are: stirring and reacting for 10h in a nitrogen atmosphere at 20-30℃.

7. The method for preparing a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2): the molar ratio of polypropylene glycol to isophorone diisocyanate is 1:2-3; the amount of dibutyltin dilaurate added is 0.01-0.1 wt% of the mass of isophorone diisocyanate added; the mass ratio of polyurethane prepolymer, Schiff base polyether, and catechol polyamine chain extender is 100:8-10:2-6.

8. The method for preparing a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the reaction and continued reaction conditions are: reacting at 80-90℃ for 1-3 hours; the reaction conditions for the second reaction are: reacting at 50-60℃ for 0.5-1 hours; and the solid content of the polyurethane finishing agent is 20-30%.

9. The method for preparing a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3): the mass ratio of moisture-wicking polyester staple fiber, cotton fiber and hemp fiber in the multi-component blended yarn is 40-60:20-30:20-30; the impregnation conditions are: impregnation at 30-50℃ for 20-40 minutes, the amount of polyurethane finishing agent is 50-100g / L, and the bath ratio is 1:30-50.

10. A method for preparing a moisture-wicking layered composite fabric based on multi-component blended yarns as described in claims 1-9, wherein the resulting moisture-wicking layered composite fabric is prepared using multi-component blended yarns.

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