Automatic initial rainwater purification system with ecological filter tank

Abstract

The application discloses an automatic initial rainwater purification system with an ecological filter tank, which comprises a water collecting tank, an initial filter tank, an ecological filter tank, an intermediate water tank and a water storage tank, the water collecting tank is communicated with the initial filter tank, the ecological filter tank and the intermediate water tank are arranged beside the initial filter tank, an initial rainwater inlet is arranged in the lower part of the tank wall between the initial filter tank and the ecological filter tank, a middle-late rainwater inlet is arranged in the upper part of the tank wall between the initial filter tank and the water storage tank, a plurality of rows of water seepage holes are distributed in the tank wall between the ecological filter tank and the intermediate water tank from top to bottom at intervals, a middle-late rainwater outlet is arranged in the upper part of the tank wall of the water storage tank away from the water collecting tank, an ecological floating bed is arranged in the ecological filter tank, and an automatic opening and closing mechanism for automatically opening and closing the water seepage holes along with the lifting of the ecological floating bed is arranged in the ecological filter tank, and the water purified by the ecological floating bed and reaching the surface layer of the ecological floating bed in the ecological filter tank seeps to the intermediate water tank through the water seepage holes in the upper part which have been opened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of initial rainwater purification technology, specifically relating to an automatic initial rainwater purification system with an ecological filter pool. Background Technology

[0002] Initial rainfall refers to surface runoff formed at the beginning of rainfall, which is usually a 10-15 mm thick layer of precipitation on the ground. It is wastewater with high nitrogen and phosphorus content. If it flows directly into natural water bodies without treatment, it will aggravate water pollution.

[0003] Currently, the primary method for treating initial rainwater runoff is diversion, which involves diverting initial rainwater into the sewage network. However, this method has several drawbacks: the diversion rate is difficult to control accurately; a high diversion rate results in insufficient effective collection and reuse of less polluted rainwater from later stages, while a low diversion rate allows some higher-concentration initial rainwater to enter the reuse system, impacting subsequent utilization; the rainwater and sewage entering the sewage network require further centralized purification before entering natural water bodies, increasing the burden on sewage treatment; the increased load on the sewage network can easily lead to urban flooding; and automatic diversion equipment requires significant investment, has a high failure rate, and incurs high maintenance costs. Therefore, it is necessary to provide alternative technologies to address the automatic purification and discharge of initial rainwater. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an automatic initial rainwater purification device with an ecological filter pool, which aims to overcome, to some extent, the aforementioned shortcomings of the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: An automatic initial rainwater purification system with an ecological filter pool, comprising a water collection tank, a primary filter pool, an ecological filter pool, an intermediate water pool, and a storage pool. The water collection tank is used to collect rainwater runoff from the surrounding ground. The water collection tank is connected to the primary filter pool and inputs the collected rainwater into the primary filter pool. The ecological filter pool and the intermediate water pool are located next to the primary filter pool. An initial rainwater inlet is opened at the lower part of the pool wall between the primary filter pool and the ecological filter pool. The pool wall between the primary filter pool and the storage pool... The ecological filter is equipped with a mid-to-late stage rainwater inlet. Multiple rows of seepage holes are distributed at intervals from top to bottom on the pool wall between the ecological filter and the intermediate pool. The water storage pool has a mid-to-late stage rainwater outlet on the upper part of the pool wall away from the water collection tank. The ecological filter is equipped with an ecological floating bed covering the entire liquid surface in the pool and an automatic opening and closing mechanism that automatically opens and closes the seepage holes as the ecological floating bed rises and falls. Water that has been purified by the ecological floating bed and reaches the surface of the ecological floating bed in the ecological filter flows into the intermediate pool through the seepage holes that have been opened at the top.

[0006] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0007] Furthermore, the ecological floating bed includes a rectangular floating bed body and aquatic plants planted on the floating bed body. The left end of the floating bed body is close to the primary filter tank, the right end is close to the intermediate water tank, and the front end is close to the water storage tank. The left ends of the water storage tank and the ecological filter tank are both the primary filter tank.

[0008] Furthermore, multiple limiting guide rails are vertically arranged on the front and rear walls of the ecological filter, and the floating bed body is provided with limiting grooves that slide and cooperate one-to-one with the limiting guide rails.

[0009] Furthermore, the automatic opening and closing mechanism is located at the right end of the floating bed body. The automatic opening and closing mechanism includes a flexible water-blocking curtain and a bottom fixing strip. The upper end of the flexible water-blocking curtain is connected to the right end of the floating bed body, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the ecological filter through the bottom fixing strip. When the floating bed body floats on the liquid surface of the ecological filter, the flexible water-blocking curtain is pressed to the right by the liquid of the ecological filter and adheres to the right side wall of the ecological filter, sealing each of the seepage holes at the adhered position.

[0010] Furthermore, the automatic opening and closing mechanism also includes an automatic winding shaft. The upper end of the flexible water-blocking curtain is connected to the right end of the floating bed body through the automatic winding shaft. The automatic winding shaft is a spring-type automatic winding shaft or an electric automatic winding shaft. When the floating bed body rises and falls with the liquid level in the ecological filter, the automatic winding shaft correspondingly winds up or releases the flexible water-blocking curtain.

[0011] Furthermore, the depth of the water storage tank is 2-5 times the depth of the ecological filter or intermediate water tank, and the capacity of the water storage tank is more than 5 times the capacity of the ecological filter.

[0012] Furthermore, the front side wall or bottom wall of the intermediate water tank is provided with a through hole that communicates with the water storage tank, and a one-way valve for one-way water inflow into the water storage tank is provided in the through hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom cavity of the water storage tank extends below the primary filter tank, the ecological filter tank, and the intermediate water tank.

[0014] Furthermore, the primary filtration tank is equipped with an emergency sewage pump, which is connected to the municipal sewage network via a pipeline.

[0015] Furthermore, the primary filtration tank is equipped with a screen to prevent debris from entering.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] The automatic initial rainwater purification system with ecological filter provided by this invention has an ecological filter with an ecological floating bed. Initial rainwater is collected in a water collection tank and initially filtered to remove floating matter, large particulate impurities and other pollutants before entering the ecological filter through the initial rainwater inlet at the bottom. The ecological floating bed gradually rises accordingly. When the ecological filter gradually fills up (the water storage capacity of the ecological filter is designed based on historical data of interception area and surface rainwater runoff), the rainwater collected in the water collection tank gradually becomes relatively clean mid-to-late stage rainwater. At this time, the rainwater entering the primary filter enters the storage tank through the mid-to-late stage rainwater inlet at the top, automatically realizing the separation and differentiated treatment of initial rainwater and mid-to-late stage rainwater.

[0018] In the ecological filter pond, the surface water of the initial rainwater is purified and absorbs pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus by aquatic plants on the ecological floating bed, forming a relatively clean thin water layer. This thin water layer seeps into the intermediate water tank through the upper seepage holes opened by the automatic opening and closing mechanism (flexible water curtain). The thin water layer continues to be generated and seep out. The ecological floating bed gradually moves down and opens more seepage holes below, ultimately achieving biological purification of the collected initial rainwater by aquatic plants. The purified water collected in the intermediate water tank is then discharged into natural water bodies or stored in a water storage tank for later use.

[0019] The rainwater stored in the reservoir and the water purified by the ecological filter are relatively clean and can be used as a reserve water source for urban cleaning, green space irrigation, maintaining urban water landscape or agricultural irrigation. When the rainfall is large and the reservoir reaches its maximum storage capacity, the excess rainwater is discharged into natural water bodies through the rainwater outlet set on the reservoir.

[0020] The initial rainwater purification system provided by this invention can separate and store initial rainwater from mid-to-late rainwater, while biologically purifying the initial rainwater without discharging it into the municipal sewage network. This avoids pollution of natural water bodies by initial rainwater and effectively stores and utilizes rainwater resources. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 A top view schematic diagram of an automatic initial rainwater purification system with an ecological filter pool provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the automatic initial rainwater purification system along line AA.

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of the structure inside the dashed coil;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the automatic initial rainwater purification system along BB.

[0025] Figure 5 The water storage chamber at the bottom of the water storage tank extends to the primary filter, ecological filter, and intermediate tank. Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the initial rainwater purification system along line AA.

[0026] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0027] 1. Water collection tank; 2. Primary filter; 3. Ecological filter; 4. Intermediate water tank; 5. Water storage tank; 6. Initial rainwater inlet; 7. Mid-to-late rainwater inlet; 8. Infiltration hole; 9. Floating bed body; 10. Aquatic plants; 11. Limiting guide rail; 12. Flexible water curtain; 13. Bottom fixing strip; 14. Automatic winding shaft; 15. One-way valve. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship, the orientation or positional relationship indicated is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, this invention provides an automatic initial rainwater purification system with an ecological filter, comprising a collection tank 1, a primary filter 2, an ecological filter 3, an intermediate water tank 4, and a storage tank 5. The collection tank 1 is used to collect rainwater runoff from the surrounding ground. The collection tank 1 is connected to the primary filter 2 and inputs the collected rainwater into the primary filter 2. The ecological filter 3 and the intermediate water tank 4 are located next to the primary filter 2. An initial rainwater inlet 6 is provided at the lower part of the tank wall between the primary filter 2 and the ecological filter 3. An opening is provided at the upper part of the tank wall between the primary filter 2 and the storage tank 5. The system includes a mid-to-late stage rainwater inlet 7. Multiple rows of seepage holes 8 are distributed at intervals from top to bottom on the pool wall between the ecological filter pool 3 and the intermediate water pool 4. The water storage pool 5 has a mid-to-late stage rainwater outlet on the upper part of the pool wall away from the water collection tank 1. The ecological filter pool 3 is equipped with an ecological floating bed that covers the entire liquid surface in the pool and an automatic opening and closing mechanism that automatically opens and closes the seepage holes 8 as the ecological floating bed rises and falls. Water in the ecological filter pool 3 that has been purified by the ecological floating bed and reaches the surface of the ecological floating bed flows into the intermediate water pool 4 through the seepage holes 8 that have been opened at the top.

[0031] It should be noted that the capacities of the primary filter, ecological filter, intermediate water tank, and storage tank can be determined by design calculations based on the historical rainfall data of the area where the system is located and the area from which rainwater is collected. Theoretically, the design capacity of the ecological filter should be sufficient to quickly and effectively collect all initial rainwater generated during short-term or long-term heavy rainstorms. If the secondary and tertiary rainwater exceeds the storage tank's capacity, it will be discharged directly into the natural water body through a secondary and tertiary rainwater outlet located on the upper part of the storage tank wall, and will not enter the ecological filter or intermediate water tank. The design heights of the secondary and tertiary rainwater inlet and outlet should be basically the same, although the outlet can be slightly lower than the inlet. The automatic opening and closing mechanism does not open or close all seepage holes at once. Instead, regardless of the height of the ecological floating bed (which is also roughly the height of the liquid surface in the ecological filter), the seepage holes within a certain range corresponding to the thin water layer near the height of the ecological floating bed (roughly the water layer between the roots of aquatic plants and the liquid surface) are kept open (e.g., Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown), the seepage holes below the thin water layer are in a closed state (for example, they may be closed due to the pressure of water on the flexible water-blocking roller shutter).

[0032] In addition, there are also limit blocks on the upper part of the ecological filter pool wall to limit the maximum rising position of the ecological floating bed, effectively limiting the extreme position of the ecological floating bed to rise; in order to deal with extreme situations, a drain hole can be set on the upper edge of the pool wall between the ecological filter pool and the intermediate water pool (slightly higher than the middle and late rainwater inlet of the water storage pool). When there is a lot of rainwater falling directly into the ecological filter pool due to heavy rain or rainstorm, it can overflow directly into the intermediate water pool through the pool water hole.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the ecological floating bed includes a rectangular floating bed body 9 and aquatic plants 10 planted on the floating bed body 9. The left end of the floating bed body 9 is close to the primary filter tank 2, the right end is close to the intermediate water tank 4, and the front end is close to the water storage tank 5. The left ends of the water storage tank 5 and the ecological filter tank 3 are both the primary filter tank 2.

[0034] It should be noted that the specific structure of the floating bed body is well known to those skilled in the art, and it includes at least a float and a carrier connected to the float for planting aquatic plants, which will not be elaborated here.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of limiting guide rails 11 are vertically arranged on the front and rear walls of the ecological filter pool 3, and the floating bed body 9 is provided with limiting grooves that slide in a one-to-one correspondence with the limiting guide rails 11.

[0036] It should be noted that the installation of limiting guide rails allows the floating bed body to have only the freedom to float up and down with the liquid level within the ecological filter, reducing or avoiding collisions or friction between the floating bed body and the filter wall. Simultaneously, to reduce friction between the limiting groove and the limiting guide rail of the floating bed body, a self-cleaning lubricating coating (such as PTFE coating) can be installed in the limiting guide rail or limiting groove, or sliding friction can be changed to rolling friction, i.e., guide rollers sliding along the limiting guide rail can be installed in the limiting groove. The gap between the floating bed body and the ecological filter wall is small, generally controlled between 1-3 mm.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present invention, the automatic opening and closing mechanism is located at the right end of the floating bed body 9. The automatic opening and closing mechanism includes a flexible water-blocking curtain 12 and a bottom fixing strip 13. The upper end of the flexible water-blocking curtain 12 is connected to the right end of the floating bed body 9, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the ecological filter 3 through the bottom fixing strip 13. When the floating bed body 9 floats on the liquid surface of the ecological filter 3, the flexible water-blocking curtain 12 is pressed to the right by the liquid of the ecological filter 3 and adheres to the right side wall of the ecological filter 3, sealing each of the seepage holes 8 at the adhered position.

[0038] It should be noted that the flexible water-retaining curtain is preferably made of a water-resistant and high-strength waterproof geomembrane, such as PVC, PE, or HDPE membranes with a thickness between 0.5-2.5mm. The flexible water-retaining curtain is a continuous, non-porous flexible membrane material. When the ecological filter pond is filled with water, the upward movement of the ecological floating bed also pulls the flexible water-retaining curtain upward. When the ecological filter pond is full of water, the flexible water-retaining curtain is almost fully extended and seals all seepage holes except for the topmost thin water layer. The number, density, and seepage rate of the seepage holes can be determined based on the efficiency of the selected aquatic plants in absorbing and purifying pollutants in the thin water layer; higher efficiency and faster speed result in a faster seepage rate, and vice versa.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention, the automatic opening and closing mechanism further includes an automatic winding shaft 14. The upper end of the flexible water curtain 12 is connected to the right end of the floating bed body 9 through the automatic winding shaft 14. The automatic winding shaft 14 is a spring-type automatic winding shaft or an electric automatic winding shaft. When the floating bed body 9 rises and falls with the liquid level in the ecological filter 3, the automatic winding shaft 14 correspondingly winds up or releases the flexible water curtain 12.

[0040] It should be noted that for spring-type automatic roller shutters, as the water in the pond gradually rises to its highest position, the flexible water-blocking curtain fully extends and releases due to the pulling action of the float. At this time, the spring accumulates elastic potential energy to retract the flexible water-blocking curtain. As the thin water layer seeps out and the liquid level drops, the tension of the flexible water-blocking curtain decreases, and the spring, with its stored energy, retracts and tightens the loosened curtain. For electric automatic roller shutters, a motor drives the retractor to rotate. A sensor can be used in conjunction with the motor; when it detects that the flexible water-blocking curtain has loosened due to the descent of the float, the motor is activated to retract the curtain. The motor can be driven by a power source equipped with a solar charger for automatic charging.

[0041] In one embodiment of the present invention, the depth of the water storage tank 5 is 2-5 times the depth of the ecological filter tank 3 or the intermediate water tank 4, and the capacity of the water storage tank 5 is more than 5 times the capacity of the ecological filter tank 3.

[0042] Understandably, the water storage tank needs to collect and reuse rainwater from the middle and later stages or purified rainwater from the early stages. Therefore, its capacity should be as large as possible during the design process. In order to reduce the footprint and enable the purified water collected in the intermediate water tank to flow automatically to the water storage tank, the water storage tank should be designed to be as deep as possible, at least a certain degree deeper than the intermediate water tank.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the front side wall or bottom wall of the intermediate water tank 4 is provided with a through hole that communicates with the water storage tank 5, and a one-way valve 15 for one-way water inflow into the water storage tank 5 is provided in the through hole.

[0044] It is understandable that the intermediate water tank temporarily stores the initial rainwater purified by the ecological filter. When the water volume stored in the storage tank is small and the liquid level is lower than that in the intermediate water tank, the water stored in the intermediate water tank can be discharged into the storage tank through a one-way valve.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, the bottom cavity of the water storage tank 5 extends below the primary filter tank 2, the ecological filter tank 3, and the intermediate water tank 4.

[0046] It should be noted that the depth of the water storage tank is greater than that of the primary filter, ecological filter, and intermediate water tank. To reduce the footprint, the lower cavity of the water storage tank extends below the other tanks, which can significantly reduce the footprint. During construction, the entire tank can be excavated to its designed depth first, and the tank walls can be poured. Then, the bottom and walls of the primary filter, ecological filter, and intermediate water tank can be poured on top.

[0047] In one embodiment of the present invention, the primary filter tank 2 is equipped with an emergency sewage pump, which is connected to the municipal sewage network through a pipeline.

[0048] Understandably, silt and sand tend to accumulate in the primary filter. The emergency sewage pump can be used to remove the silt and sand from the bottom, and also to discharge the collected initial rainwater into the municipal sewage network in emergency situations (such as maintenance or malfunction of the ecological filter).

[0049] In one embodiment of the present invention, the primary filter tank 2 is provided with a screen to block dirt.

[0050] It should be noted that the debris-blocking net can be a single-layer or multi-layer filter screen installed horizontally or vertically, which physically intercepts pollutants such as scum, paper, plastic, hair, and large particles of mud and sand.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic initial rainwater purification system with an ecological filter pond, characterized in that, The system includes a water collection tank (1), a primary filter (2), an ecological filter (3), an intermediate water tank (4), and a storage tank (5). The water collection tank (1) is used to collect rainwater runoff from the surrounding ground. The water collection tank (1) is connected to the primary filter (2) and inputs the collected rainwater into the primary filter (2). The ecological filter (3) and the intermediate water tank (4) are located next to the primary filter (2). An initial rainwater inlet (6) is provided at the lower part of the pool wall between the primary filter (2) and the ecological filter (3). A mid-to-late-stage rainwater inlet is provided at the upper part of the pool wall between the primary filter (2) and the storage tank (5). (7) The pool wall between the ecological filter (3) and the intermediate water pool (4) is distributed with multiple rows of seepage holes (8) from top to bottom. The water storage pool (5) is provided with a mid-to-late stage rainwater outlet on the upper part of the pool wall away from the water collection tank (1). The ecological filter (3) is provided with an ecological floating bed covering the entire liquid surface in the pool and an automatic opening and closing mechanism that automatically opens and closes the seepage holes (8) as the ecological floating bed rises and falls. The water in the ecological filter (3) that reaches the surface of the ecological floating bed after being purified by the ecological floating bed flows into the intermediate water pool (4) through the seepage holes (8) that have been opened at the top.

2. The automatic initial rainwater purification system with an ecological filter pond according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ecological floating bed includes a rectangular floating bed body (9) and aquatic plants (10) planted on the floating bed body (9). The left end of the floating bed body (9) is close to the primary filter (2), the right end is close to the intermediate water pool (4), and the front end is close to the water storage pool (5). The left ends of the water storage pool (5) and the ecological filter (3) are both the primary filter (2).

3. An automatic initial rainwater purification system with an ecological filter pond according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ecological filter (3) has multiple limiting guide rails (11) vertically arranged on the front and rear walls, and the floating bed body (9) has a limiting groove that slides in accordance with the limiting guide rails (11).

4. An automatic initial rainwater purification system with an ecological filter pond according to claim 2, characterized in that, The automatic opening and closing mechanism is located at the right end of the floating bed body (9). The automatic opening and closing mechanism includes a flexible water curtain (12) and a bottom fixing strip (13). The upper end of the flexible water curtain (12) is connected to the right end of the floating bed body (9), and the lower end is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the ecological filter (3) through the bottom fixing strip (13). When the floating bed body (9) floats on the liquid surface of the ecological filter (3), the flexible water curtain (12) is pressed to the right by the liquid of the ecological filter (3) and adheres to the right side wall of the ecological filter (3) and seals each of the seepage holes (8) at the adhered position.

5. An automatic initial rainwater purification system with an ecological filter pond according to claim 4, characterized in that, The automatic opening and closing mechanism also includes an automatic winding shaft (14). The upper end of the flexible water curtain (12) is connected to the right end of the floating bed body (9) through the automatic winding shaft (14). The automatic winding shaft (14) is a spring-type automatic winding shaft or an electric automatic winding shaft. When the floating bed body (9) rises and falls with the liquid level in the ecological filter (3), the automatic winding shaft (14) will correspondingly wind up or release the flexible water curtain (12).

6. An automatic initial rainwater purification system with an ecological filter pond according to claim 1, characterized in that, The depth of the water storage tank (5) is 2-5 times the depth of the ecological filter (3) or the intermediate water tank (4), and the capacity of the water storage tank (5) is more than 5 times the capacity of the ecological filter (3).

7. An automatic initial rainwater purification system with an ecological filter pond according to claim 6, characterized in that, The intermediate water tank (4) has a through hole on its front side wall or bottom wall that communicates with the water storage tank (5), and a one-way valve (15) is provided in the through hole to allow water to flow into the water storage tank (5) in one direction.

8. An automatic initial rainwater purification system with an ecological filter pond according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bottom cavity of the water storage tank (5) extends below the primary filter tank (2), the ecological filter tank (3) and the intermediate water tank (4).

9. An automatic initial rainwater purification system with an ecological filter pond according to claim 2, characterized in that, The primary filter tank (2) is equipped with an emergency sewage pump, which is connected to the municipal sewage network through a pipeline.

10. An automatic initial rainwater purification system with an ecological filter pond according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The primary filter tank (2) is equipped with a screen.

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