A multi-channel aerodynamic suction cup system based on exhaust gas recirculation

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multi-channel air power suction disc systems based on waste gas recirculation, the system includes suction disc main body, waste gas introduction channel, multi-channel pipeline system and control device;Waste gas introduction channel is introduced by vacuum pump exhaust, and after adjustable valve is shunted into first airflow and second airflow, first airflow enters the annular shunt pipeline of the lower edge of suction disc inside and forms controllable air vortex by multiple tangential booster jet, and second airflow is directly discharged to atmosphere through exhaust bypass channel, and control device adjusts valve opening according to operating condition to change vortex intensity;The application generates adjustable vortex by recovering waste gas energy, effectively blows off and converges wet sticky and sheet-shaped garbage, simultaneously avoids exhaust back pressure interference dust collection negative pressure, greatly improves cleaning efficiency and adaptability, and reduces secondary pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of road sweeping vehicles and industrial vacuum equipment, and in particular to a multi-channel aerodynamic suction cup system based on exhaust gas recirculation. Background Technology

[0002] Existing road sweepers, sweeper trucks, and industrial vacuum cleaners generally use vacuum pumps (or fans) as the core negative pressure source. A suction cup, close to the ground, forms a negative pressure chamber, drawing garbage, dust, and debris into the collection bin. In these systems, while generating negative pressure suction, the vacuum pump continuously discharges large amounts of high-pressure exhaust gas. In conventional designs, this exhaust gas is usually directly released into the atmosphere or undergoes simple noise reduction before being released. Its inherent pressure kinetic energy is not effectively utilized, and the suction cup structure typically relies solely on a single negative pressure suction action to pick up garbage from the ground.

[0003] When encountering rain-soaked leaves, wet mud clumps, or sticky flaky debris, the technology often struggles to effectively lift these objects off the ground using only the negative pressure suction inside the suction cup. This causes the debris to slide or slip through the suction cup inlet, significantly reducing cleaning efficiency. Furthermore, for dry, lightweight debris (sand, leaf fragments), excessive airflow disturbance within the suction cup can easily blow the already sucked-in debris back out of the suction cup's edge, causing secondary pollution. Existing sweeping vehicles directly discharge exhaust gas into the atmosphere, wasting the pressure energy carried by the exhaust gas. Moreover, if the exhaust gas is introduced directly into the suction cup without regulation, uncontrollable pressure can interfere with the normal negative pressure distribution at the suction port, and even reduce the vacuum pump's suction efficiency due to increased exhaust back pressure.

[0004] Therefore, in response to the problems mentioned above, this invention proposes a multi-channel aerodynamic suction cup system based on exhaust gas recirculation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the problems of unutilized vacuum pump exhaust energy, difficulty in picking up wet, sticky, and flaky debris, and difficulty in coordinating airflow assistance and suction negative pressure in existing technologies, this invention proposes a multi-channel aerodynamic suction cup system based on exhaust gas recirculation. This system recovers and diverts the exhaust gas discharged from the vacuum pump. Part of the gas is directly discharged into the atmosphere through an exhaust bypass channel to ensure the back pressure for normal operation of the vacuum pump, while the other part is introduced into the circumferential diversion pipeline inside the suction cup through an adjustable valve. The circumferential diversion pipeline generates a controllable vortex at the lower edge of the suction cup through multiple inclined pressurizing nozzles, blowing the debris off the ground and converging it towards the center, where the suction port sucks it in. This achieves efficient reuse of exhaust gas power and can dynamically adjust the auxiliary airflow intensity according to the type of debris, avoiding secondary pollution or incomplete cleaning.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is: a multi-channel aerodynamic suction cup system based on exhaust gas recirculation, comprising: The suction cup body has a suction chamber inside, the bottom of which is open to face the ground, and at least one suction port is provided on the top or side of the suction chamber. The suction port is used to connect to the vacuum pump suction pipe of the sweeping vehicle. An exhaust gas inlet channel is provided, the inlet end of which is connected to the exhaust port of the vacuum pump of the sweeping vehicle, so as to receive the exhaust gas discharged by the vacuum pump as a power source. A multi-channel piping system, installed on the suction cup body and connected to the outlet end of the exhaust gas inlet channel, the multi-channel piping system comprising: The main exhaust channel is equipped with an adjustable valve to split the exhaust gas introduced into the channel into a first airflow and a second airflow. The first airflow is delivered to the suction cup body after the flow rate is controlled by the adjustable valve, while the second airflow is directly discharged to the atmosphere through an independently set exhaust bypass channel, thereby avoiding excessive back pressure of the vacuum pump exhaust which would affect the dust collection effect. A circumferential diversion pipe is fixed around the lower edge inside the suction cup body and is connected to the first airflow. Multiple pressurized nozzles are spaced apart along the circumferential diversion pipeline, and each pressurized nozzle is arranged tangentially or at an inclined angle relative to the vertical axis of the suction cup body. This allows the ejected airflow to form a controllable air vortex in the lower edge area inside the suction cup body. This air vortex is used to blow ground debris off the ground and make it converge towards the center area of ​​the suction cup. A control device, electrically or pneumatically connected to an adjustable valve, is used to adjust the opening of the adjustable valve according to the operating conditions, thereby changing the flow rate and pressure of the first airflow entering the circumferential diversion pipeline.

[0007] Preferably, the plurality of pressurizing nozzles are evenly distributed circumferentially along the circumferential diversion pipe, with a quantity of 3-6. The angle between the centerline of each pressurizing nozzle and the lower edge plane of the suction cup body is 15°-45°, and the deflection angle between the projection of the centerline of each pressurizing nozzle on the horizontal plane and the radial direction of its location is 30°-60°, so as to form a spiral air vortex with the same rotation direction inside the lower edge of the suction cup body. Preferably, the adjustable valve is an electric butterfly valve or an electric ball valve, and the control device includes a controller and a pressure sensor and / or flow sensor installed in the exhaust gas inlet channel or dust collection chamber. The controller automatically adjusts the opening of the adjustable valve according to the detection signal of the pressure sensor and / or flow sensor and the preset operating mode. The operating modes include dry light waste mode, wet heavy waste mode and mixed waste mode. In the dry light waste mode, the flow rate of the first airflow is adjusted to 30%-50% of the rated flow rate; in the wet heavy waste mode, the flow rate of the first airflow is adjusted to 80%-100% of the rated flow rate.

[0008] Preferably, the outlet end of the exhaust bypass channel is directly connected to the atmosphere, and the flow area of ​​the exhaust bypass channel is not less than 50% of the flow area of ​​the exhaust gas inlet channel, preferably 80%-120%, to ensure that when the adjustable valve is completely closed to the first airflow, the exhaust gas discharged by the vacuum pump can still be smoothly discharged through the exhaust bypass channel, and the exhaust back pressure does not exceed 110% of the rated exhaust back pressure of the vacuum pump.

[0009] Preferably, the circumferential diversion pipe is a closed or open annular pipe with a rectangular cross-section (width 10-25mm, height 8-15mm) or a circular cross-section (diameter 8-20mm), and the circumferential diversion pipe is welded to the lower edge of the inner side wall of the suction cup body through multiple fixed brackets, with a spacing of 100-200mm between adjacent fixed brackets. A flexible sealing skirt is also provided around the lower edge of the suction cup body. The flexible sealing skirt is located below the circumferential diversion pipe and extends downward beyond the lower edge of the pressurizing nozzle by 5-15mm. The flexible sealing skirt is made of wear-resistant rubber or polyurethane and is used to form a local sealed chamber with the ground to enhance the effect of air vortex and reduce dust overflow.

[0010] Preferably, the multi-channel pipeline system also includes an integrated airflow distributor, which is located on the top outer side of the suction cup body. The main exhaust channel, adjustable valve and exhaust bypass channel are all integrated in the integrated airflow distributor. The outlet end of the integrated airflow distributor is connected to the circumferential diversion pipeline through multiple flexible hoses with an inner diameter of 10-30mm. The suction cup body is also equipped with an auxiliary air inlet, which is connected to the outside atmosphere and has a one-way valve. The opening pressure of the one-way valve is 0.5-2 kPa. When the flow rate and pressure of the first airflow are lower than the preset threshold, the one-way valve opens to supplement ambient air into the circumferential diversion pipeline to ensure the basic airflow pushing capability. A coarse filter screen is also provided at the inlet of the auxiliary air inlet to prevent large particles of debris from being sucked in.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention introduces the exhaust gas from the vacuum pump's exhaust port into the circumferential diversion pipe inside the suction cup, and forms a controllable air vortex through multiple tangentially arranged pressurized nozzles. This significantly enhances the ability to pick up wet, sticky, and flaky waste without requiring an additional power source. It solves the problem that existing suction cups, which rely solely on negative pressure suction, cannot overcome the adhesion between waste and the ground. At the same time, because the direction of the vortex is controllable and the force is adjustable, it avoids the problem of dry, lightweight waste being blown apart and causing secondary pollution when using fixed air blowing assistance.

[0012] 2. This invention, by setting an adjustable valve on the main exhaust channel and independently configuring an exhaust bypass channel, allows the exhaust gas discharged from the vacuum pump to enter the suction cup for vortex assistance, while excess exhaust gas can be directly discharged to the atmosphere through the bypass channel. This effectively prevents the increase in exhaust back pressure from interfering with the vacuum pump's dust collection performance, and solves the problem in the prior art where directly introducing exhaust gas into the suction cup causes large fluctuations in the negative pressure at the dust collection port and a decrease in cleaning efficiency, thus ensuring the stable operation of the dust collection system under all working conditions.

[0013] 3. This invention uses a control device to automatically adjust the opening of the adjustable valve according to the working conditions, realizing dynamic switching between dry light waste mode, wet heavy waste mode and mixed waste mode. This allows the vortex intensity to be precisely matched with the type of waste. At the same time, the flexible sealing skirt at the lower edge of the suction cup reduces airflow leakage, significantly reducing the concentration of secondary dust. This solves the problem of large differences in cleaning effect and poor adaptability of traditional sweepers under different road conditions, and greatly improves the overall operating efficiency and environmental performance of the machine. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the system framework of the present invention. Figure 2 The diagram shows the airflow pattern inside the suction cup of this invention.

[0015] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Suction cup body; 2. Vacuum pump; 3. Suction pipe; 4. Exhaust gas inlet channel; 5. Integrated airflow distributor; 6. Circumferential diversion pipe; 7. Booster nozzle; 8. Exhaust bypass channel. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Please see Figure 1This invention provides an embodiment of a multi-channel aerodynamic suction cup system based on exhaust gas recirculation: This invention is applied to road sweepers, washing and sweeping vehicles, and airport runway sweepers equipped with vacuum pumps. The invention uses the high-pressure exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust port of the vacuum pump during normal operation as a secondary power source. Through a multi-channel pipeline system, the gas is diverted, regulated, and directionally injected, creating a controllable air vortex and directional airflow within the suction cup body. This assists the vacuuming system in more efficiently picking up ground debris, especially wet, sticky, and flaky debris.

[0018] This invention includes a suction cup body, an exhaust gas inlet channel, a multi-channel pipeline system, and a control device. The suction cup body is a shell structure with an open bottom, forming a sealed dust collection chamber inside. One or more dust collection ports are opened on the top or side of this chamber. These ports are connected to the suction side of a vacuum pump on a sweeping vehicle via rigid or flexible pipelines. When the vacuum pump operates, a negative pressure is created within the dust collection chamber. Air near the ground, carrying debris, is drawn into the chamber through the lower edge opening of the suction cup, and then enters the garbage bin through the dust collection ports. Simultaneously, the vacuum pump continuously discharges compressed exhaust gas from its exhaust port. In this invention, this exhaust gas is no longer simply discharged into the atmosphere but is introduced into the exhaust gas inlet channel.

[0019] The inlet of the exhaust gas inlet channel is directly connected to the vacuum pump exhaust port flange via a high-temperature resistant hose or metal pipe, while its outlet connects to the multi-channel piping system. To accommodate the spatial layout of different vehicle chassis, the exhaust gas inlet channel can be designed as a circular pipe with an appropriate bending radius, typically 50-120mm in diameter, with a smooth inner wall to reduce flow resistance. In the multi-channel piping system, the exhaust gas first enters the main exhaust channel section, on which an adjustable valve is installed in series. This valve is an electric butterfly valve or an electric ball valve, and the rotation angle of its valve plate or ball can be precisely controlled by an electrical signal from a control device, thereby achieving arbitrary opening adjustment from fully closed to fully open.

[0020] An adjustable valve divides the exhaust gas flow from the exhaust gas inlet channel into two streams: a first stream and a second stream. The first stream, after being regulated by the valve, continues downstream along the main exhaust channel, eventually entering the airflow distribution network inside the suction cup body. The second stream, however, is guided into a separately configured exhaust bypass channel. The outlet of the exhaust bypass channel leads directly to the atmosphere. When the adjustable valve is partially or fully closed, the exhaust gas discharged from the vacuum pump is not completely blocked but can be smoothly discharged through this bypass channel, thus preventing an increase in the vacuum pump's exhaust back pressure. An increase in exhaust back pressure causes the vacuum pump's operating point to shift, reducing the suction flow rate and vacuum level, thereby weakening the negative pressure dust collection effect of the suction cup body. Based on fluid mechanics principles, the flow area of ​​the exhaust bypass channel is designed to be no less than 50% of the flow area of ​​the exhaust gas inlet channel. When the adjustable valve is fully closed, all exhaust gas is discharged through the exhaust bypass channel, and the increase in exhaust back pressure is controlled to within 10% of the vacuum pump's rated exhaust back pressure.

[0021] The first airflow, after passing through the adjustable valve, continues to flow along the main exhaust channel and then enters the integrated airflow distributor. This integrated airflow distributor is installed on the top outer side of the suction cup body. In addition to the aforementioned main exhaust channel, adjustable valve, and exhaust bypass channel, the integrated airflow distributor also has multiple diversion interfaces, each corresponding to the air supply requirements of the circumferential diversion pipeline.

[0022] Please see Figure 2 The circumferential diversion conduit is fixed around the lower edge of the suction cup body. In this embodiment, the circumferential diversion conduit has a rectangular cross-section with a width of 10-25mm and a height of 8-15mm; or a circular cross-section with a diameter of 8-20mm. The rectangular cross-section is advantageous for obtaining a larger flow area within a limited height space, and also facilitates the opening of nozzles on its sidewalls or bottom walls. The circumferential diversion conduit is connected to the suction cup body through multiple fixed brackets, which can be fixed to the inner sidewall of the suction cup by welding.

[0023] Multiple pressurizing nozzles are spaced circumferentially along the circumferential branching pipe. In this embodiment, the number of pressurizing nozzles is preferably 3-6, evenly distributed circumferentially. Each pressurizing nozzle is a small circular orifice or a converging nozzle, and its diameter is configured in stages according to a preset vortex intensity. The angle between the centerline of each pressurizing nozzle and the lower edge plane of the suction cup body is 15-45°, which determines the magnitude of the downward impact component of the airflow on the ground; at the same time, the deflection angle between the projection of the centerline of each pressurizing nozzle on the horizontal plane and the radial direction of its location (the direction from the center of the suction cup to the location of the nozzle) is 30-60°. The existence of the deflection angle means that the ejected airflow does not blow directly radially towards the center, but has a tangential velocity component. When the deflection angles of all pressurizing nozzles are in the same direction (all clockwise or all counterclockwise), the multiple airflows ejected together in the lower edge region inside the suction cup will form a spiral air vortex with the same rotation direction. This vortex resembles a horizontally placed tornado, with its axis of rotation roughly perpendicular to the ground. The airflow at the outer edge of the vortex impacts the ground, blowing debris off the surface and suspending it; while in the central region of the vortex, the centrifugal force of rotation draws the suspended debris towards the center of the suction cup.

[0024] The suction cup body of this invention is further provided with a flexible sealing skirt around its lower edge. This flexible sealing skirt is located below the circumferential diversion pipe and extends downwards beyond the lower edge of the pressurizing nozzle by 5-15mm. The flexible sealing skirt is made of wear-resistant rubber or polyurethane, possessing a certain degree of elasticity and wear resistance. When the suction cup body is lowered close to the ground, the skirt contacts the ground and forms a certain amount of compression, thereby creating a relatively closed chamber between the suction cup and the ground. This closed chamber significantly reduces the leakage of vortex airflow to the outside, thus improving the rotational speed and effective range of the vortex under the same initial airflow rate. At the same time, the skirt can also effectively prevent dust from escaping from the edge of the suction cup, avoiding secondary pollution.

[0025] The control device includes a controller and pressure and / or flow sensors installed in the exhaust gas inlet duct or dust collection chamber. The controller communicates with the sweeper's host computer or control panel, allowing operators to select preset operating modes, or the system to automatically switch modes based on sensor feedback.

[0026] This invention features three typical operating modes: dry light waste mode, wet heavy waste mode, and mixed waste mode. The dry light waste mode is suitable for situations where the road surface is dry and the waste mainly consists of sand, dust, and small, light objects such as leaves. In this mode, the controller adjusts the opening of the adjustable valve to a smaller position, controlling the flow rate of the first airflow to 30%-50% of the rated flow rate. A smaller airflow is used because for dry light waste, excessively strong vortices can blow already stirred dust off the edge of the suction cup or blow away leaves, causing secondary pollution. Moderate vortices can gently agitate the waste, lifting it off the ground, where it can then be sucked away by negative pressure. The wet heavy waste mode is suitable for operations after rain or when the road surface is wet, and the waste consists of heavy or sticky waste such as wet leaves, wet mud, and plastic bags in puddles. In this case, a larger airflow force is needed to blow the wet waste off the ground and push it forward. Therefore, the controller increases the opening of the adjustable valve, and the flow rate of the first airflow reaches 80%-100% of the rated flow rate. The mixed waste mode falls between the two, with flow rate controlled between 50% and 80%, automatically optimized by the system based on sensor readings. Pressure or flow sensors monitor pressure / flow changes in the exhaust gas inlet channel or dust collection chamber in real time, and will detect abnormal fluctuations in negative pressure at the dust collection port.

[0027] The invention also includes an auxiliary air inlet on the suction cup body, which is connected to the outside atmosphere and equipped with a one-way valve. The opening pressure of the one-way valve is set to 0.5-2 kPa. When the pressure of the first airflow is lower than the ambient atmospheric pressure (resulting in a negative pressure difference) or when the flow rate of the first airflow is too low, causing the pressure in the circumferential diversion pipeline to drop to more than 0.5 kPa below the ambient pressure, the one-way valve will automatically open, allowing ambient air to enter the pipeline system, thereby ensuring that at least a certain basic airflow can be ejected from the pressurized nozzle.

[0028] This example illustrates a cleaning cycle, specifically: Before the sweeper begins operation, the operator selects the operating mode via the touchscreen in the cab. Assuming it has just rained, the road is wet, and there are many fallen leaves and silt, the operator selects the "Wet Heavy Waste Mode." Upon receiving the mode command, the controller sends an opening signal to the adjustable valve, setting it to 90%. Then, the vacuum pump starts operating, its suction port drawing negative pressure into the suction cups through the dust inlet, while simultaneously expelling high-pressure exhaust gas from the exhaust port. The exhaust gas first enters the exhaust gas inlet channel and then reaches the adjustable valve. Because the valve is at 90% opening, most of the exhaust gas acts as the primary airflow, entering the main exhaust channel. Only 10% of the exhaust gas is forced to be directly discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust bypass channel.

[0029] After the initial airflow enters the integrated airflow distributor, it is evenly distributed into the circumferential distribution pipes. These pipes are filled with high-pressure air, which is ejected from evenly distributed pressurized nozzles. The centerline of each pressurized nozzle makes a 30° angle with the horizontal plane, and the horizontal deflection angle is 45° (clockwise). All nozzles simultaneously release air, rapidly forming a powerful, clockwise rotating air vortex at the lower edge of the suction cup, thus blowing away wet leaves and silt clinging to the ground. Since wet leaves typically have strong adhesion to the ground, simple negative pressure suction is often insufficient. However, the impact and shearing action of the vortex effectively breaks down the water film and adhesion, causing the leaves to detach from the ground. Once detached, the leaves are propelled by the centripetal force of the vortex's rotation, gradually converging towards the center of the suction cup.

[0030] When the vehicle reaches a dry section of road and the garbage transforms into sand and leaf debris, the operator can switch to the "Dry Light Waste Mode." At this time, the controller reduces the valve opening to 40%, significantly decreasing the initial airflow and making the vortex gentler. The main function of the vortex is no longer a powerful impact, but rather to gently agitate the sand and suspend it, which is then sucked away by negative pressure. Due to the weaker airflow, the sand and dust are not blown off the edge of the suction cup, resulting in a better cleaning effect than the powerful mode.

[0031] This invention provides a comparative example: This example designed a set of comparative experiments, with three different suction cup systems as the experimental subjects: the first set was a traditional negative pressure suction cup without any airflow assistance device (control group 1); the second set was a suction cup using fixed air blowing assistance (exhaust from the vacuum pump is directly introduced into the suction cup, without regulating valves and multi-channel design, only a simple annular air blowing pipe is set, all exhaust gas is forced into the suction cup, without bypass channels or vortex directional design); the third set was the present invention (experimental group).

[0032] All three systems were installed on the same type of medium-sized road sweeper, using the same vacuum pump model and having identical suction cup dimensions. The experimental site was a 200-meter-long, 3.5-meter-wide straight test road with asphalt as the surface material. Three typical types of waste were manually laid on the test road: dry fine sand (0.1 mm to 1 mm particle size, 100 g / m²), wet leaves (fresh leaves soaked and drained, each leaf approximately 20 cm², 50 leaves / m²), and mixed waste (dry fine sand and wet leaves mixed at a 1:1 mass ratio). Each type of waste was tested three times, and the average value was taken.

[0033] During the test, the sweeper traveled at a constant speed of 5 km / h, and the vacuum pump speed was fixed at the rated speed. For the experimental groups, corresponding modes were selected according to the type of waste: dry fine sand corresponded to the dry light waste mode (valve opening 40%), wet leaves corresponded to the wet heavy waste mode (valve opening 90%), and mixed waste corresponded to the mixed waste mode (valve opening 70%). Control group 2 had no adjustment function, its valve was fully open, and all exhaust gas entered the annular air blowing pipe inside the suction cup. Control group 1 had no exhaust gas introduced. The test results are shown in Table 1: Table 1 Comparison of Cleaning Efficiency Results As shown in Table 1, this invention performs best in all three types of waste. For wet leaves, the invention achieves a sweeping efficiency of 97.2%, compared to 63.5% for control group 1 and 74.6% for control group 2. This is because the controllable vortex generated by this invention has a tangential deflection design, which can form a stable spiral airflow, effectively blowing wet leaves off the ground and converging them at the suction port. While the fixed blowing in control group 2 also has some effect, the airflow direction is perpendicular to the ground or radially direct, failing to create a converging effect; some leaves are blown towards the edge of the suction cup or even out of the suction cup. For dry fine sand, the sweeping efficiency of control group 2 (81.4%) is actually lower than that of control group 1 (92.3%). This is because the excessively strong direct airflow disperses the fine sand, and the negative pressure cannot keep up with the suction, resulting in a decrease in efficiency. In contrast, this invention, by reducing the valve opening to 40%, produces a gentler vortex, achieving a sweeping efficiency as high as 98.9%.

[0034] Table 2 Comparison of negative pressure stability at the suction port (standard deviation / mean, %) As shown in Table 2, the negative pressure fluctuation of control group 2 was very large (16.3-18.7%). This is because all the exhaust gas was forcibly introduced into the suction cup without an exhaust bypass channel, which led to a sharp increase in exhaust back pressure, serious instability of vacuum pump operation, and even surge. In contrast, the present invention directly discharges excess exhaust gas to the atmosphere through an exhaust bypass channel, ensuring that the exhaust back pressure of the vacuum pump is always within the normal range. Therefore, the negative pressure stability is similar to that of control group 1 (4.8-5.0%).

[0035] Table 3 Comparison of Secondary Pollution Indices (Dust Concentration, mg / m³) 3 ) As shown in Table 3, the present invention exhibits the lowest secondary pollution index. This is because the flexible sealing skirt and the cohesive effect of the vortex reduce dust escape, and the vortex direction is controllable, preventing dust from being blown outwards. In contrast, control group 2, due to excessively strong airflow and lack of sealing, has the highest dust concentration, reaching 82 mg / m³ in the dry fine sand mode. 3The levels were more than twice those of the control group 1, severely impacting the environment.

[0036] Table 4 Comparison of Energy Utilization Rate of Exhaust Gas (%) As shown in Table 4, regarding the energy utilization rate of exhaust gas, although control group 2 utilized 100% of the exhaust gas, in reality, due to the unreasonable airflow direction and lack of adjustment function, most of the energy was used for negative work (blowing away the garbage). Its effective utilization rate was only 22% in the dry mode and only 48% in the wet leaf mode. In contrast, the present invention dynamically adjusts according to the type of garbage, achieving an effective utilization rate as high as 93% in the wet leaf mode, 76% in the mixed garbage mode, and 44% in the dry mode. This is because the dry mode does not require much energy, and the excess energy is wasted through the exhaust bypass channel, which actually protects the cleaning effect.

[0037] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments that can be applied to other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-channel aerodynamic suction cup system based on exhaust gas recirculation, characterized in that, include: The suction cup body has a suction chamber inside, the bottom of which is open to face the ground, and at least one suction port is provided on the side of the suction chamber for connecting to the vacuum pump suction pipe of the sweeping vehicle. The exhaust gas inlet channel is connected to the exhaust port of the vacuum pump of the sweeping vehicle to receive the exhaust gas discharged from the vacuum pump as a power source. A multi-channel piping system, installed on the suction cup body and connected to the outlet end of the exhaust gas inlet channel, includes: The main exhaust channel is equipped with an adjustable valve to split the exhaust gas introduced into the channel into a first airflow and a second airflow. The first airflow is delivered to the suction cup body after the flow rate is controlled by the adjustable valve, while the second airflow is directly discharged to the atmosphere through an independently set exhaust bypass channel, thereby avoiding excessive back pressure of the vacuum pump exhaust which would affect the dust collection effect. A circumferential diversion pipe is fixed around the lower edge inside the suction cup body and is connected to the first airflow. Multiple pressurized nozzles are spaced apart along the circumferential diversion pipeline, and each pressurized nozzle is arranged tangentially or at an inclined angle relative to the vertical axis of the suction cup body, so that the ejected airflow forms a controllable air vortex in the lower edge area inside the suction cup body. This air vortex is used to blow ground garbage and debris off the ground and make them converge towards the center area of ​​the suction cup. A control device, electrically or pneumatically connected to an adjustable valve, is used to adjust the opening of the adjustable valve according to the operating conditions, thereby changing the flow rate and pressure of the first airflow entering the circumferential diversion pipeline.

2. The multi-channel aerodynamic suction cup system based on exhaust gas recirculation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple pressurizing nozzles are evenly distributed circumferentially along the circumferential diversion pipe, and the angle between the centerline of each pressurizing nozzle and the lower edge plane of the suction cup body is 15° to 45°. At the same time, the deflection angle between the projection of the centerline of each pressurizing nozzle on the horizontal plane and the radial direction of its location is 30° to 60°, thereby forming a spiral air vortex with the same rotation direction inside the lower edge of the suction cup body.

3. The multi-channel aerodynamic suction cup system based on exhaust gas recirculation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable valve is an electric butterfly valve or an electric ball valve.

4. The multi-channel aerodynamic suction cup system based on exhaust gas recirculation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow area of ​​the exhaust bypass channel is not less than 50% of the flow area of ​​the exhaust gas inlet channel, which is used to ensure that the exhaust gas discharged by the vacuum pump can still be smoothly discharged through the exhaust bypass channel when the adjustable valve is completely closed to the first airflow.

5. The multi-channel aerodynamic suction cup system based on exhaust gas recirculation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circumferential diversion pipe is a closed annular pipe or an open annular pipe with a rectangular or circular cross-section, and the circumferential diversion pipe is welded to the lower edge of the inner wall of the suction cup body through multiple fixed brackets.

6. The multi-channel aerodynamic suction cup system based on exhaust gas recirculation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower edge of the suction cup body is also provided with a flexible sealing skirt, which is located below the circumferential diversion pipe. It is used to form a local sealed chamber with the ground to enhance the effect of air vortex and reduce dust overflow.

7. The multi-channel aerodynamic suction cup system based on exhaust gas recirculation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control device includes a controller and a pressure sensor and / or flow sensor disposed in the exhaust gas inlet channel or dust collection chamber.

8. A multi-channel aerodynamic suction cup system based on exhaust gas recirculation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The controller adjusts the opening of the adjustable valve based on the detection signals from the pressure sensor and / or flow sensor and the preset operating mode. The operating modes include dry light waste mode, wet heavy waste mode and mixed waste mode.

9. A multi-channel aerodynamic suction cup system based on exhaust gas recirculation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes an integrated airflow distributor, which is located on the top outer side of the suction cup body. The main exhaust channel, adjustable valve and exhaust bypass channel are all integrated in the integrated airflow distributor. The outlet end of the integrated airflow distributor is connected to the circumferential diversion pipeline through multiple flexible hoses.

10. A multi-channel aerodynamic suction cup system based on exhaust gas recirculation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suction cup body is also provided with an auxiliary air inlet, which is connected to the outside atmosphere and is equipped with a one-way valve. When the flow rate and pressure of the first airflow are lower than a preset threshold, the one-way valve opens to supplement ambient air into the circumferential diversion pipeline to ensure basic airflow pushing capability.

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