A bottom fixing device for offshore transportation of a wind power tower

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of offshore wind power, and discloses a wind power tower cylinder offshore transportation bottom fixing device, which comprises a tower cylinder mounting platform, the tower cylinder mounting platform is suitable for being mounted to the bottom of a tower cylinder, the tower cylinder mounting platform comprises a fixing platform, a clamping platform and a mounting frame, the fixing platform and the clamping platform are arranged on the mounting frame, and the fixing platform and the clamping platform are respectively connected to the bottom of the tower cylinder; the clamping platform is provided with clamping blocks, a plurality of groups of fixing holes are formed in the fixing platform, the fixing platform is provided with a connecting plate, and the fixing platform is connected with the tower cylinder through the connecting plate. The tower cylinder mounting platform which can be mounted to the bottom of the tower cylinder is arranged, the conversion of the wind power tower cylinder from traditional horizontal sea transportation to vertical sea transportation is realized, the problems of large occupied area of the tower cylinder horizontal transportation, low sea transportation cabin space utilization rate and high transportation cost are fundamentally solved, the unit cost of the wind power tower cylinder sea transportation is greatly reduced, and the cost control of the wind power equipment export transportation is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of offshore wind power technology, specifically to a bottom fixing device for offshore transportation of wind turbine towers. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing global focus on renewable energy, offshore wind power has become a key development area. As the core steel or concrete structure component supporting the nacelle and blades of the wind turbine, the wind turbine tower must withstand multiple dynamic loads such as wind load, gravity, and torque. Its height directly determines the power generation efficiency. As the power of a single wind turbine continues to increase, the diameter and height of the tower also increase, directly leading to a continuous rise in transportation costs.

[0003] Domestic tower transportation mainly relies on highways and railways. Highway transportation is constrained by bridge height restrictions and road surface load-bearing capacity, often requiring segmented transportation or special reinforcement, which increases production and transportation costs and enhances safety risks. Although railways have a stronger load-bearing capacity, the construction and maintenance costs of dedicated lines are high and the transport capacity is limited, making it difficult to meet large-scale transportation needs. Overseas tower transportation mainly relies on sea transportation. Sea transportation relies on the large carrying capacity of ships, but as the diameter and length of towers increase, stability cannot be guaranteed during transportation, further increasing transportation costs significantly. To control the proportion of transportation costs, various transportation solutions have emerged. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a bottom fixing device for offshore transportation of wind turbine towers to solve the problems of low efficiency and instability in existing tower transportation.

[0005] This invention provides a bottom fixing device for offshore transportation of wind turbine towers, comprising: Tower installation platform, suitable for installation at the bottom of the tower; The tower installation platform includes a fixed platform, a snap-fit ​​platform, and a mounting frame. The fixed platform and the snap-fit ​​platform are mounted on the mounting frame and are respectively connected to the bottom of the tower. The clamping platform is equipped with clamping blocks, and multiple sets of clamping blocks surround and form a limiting space for clamping the bottom of the tower. The fixing platform has multiple sets of fixing holes and a connecting plate. The fixing platform is connected to the tower through the connecting plate. One end of the connecting plate has a front mounting hole, and the other end has a rear mounting hole. The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the fixing holes of the fixing platform through the rear mounting hole, and to the tower through the front mounting hole. The front mounting hole and the rear mounting hole are located on the same plane. The mounting frame is fixedly equipped with multiple anchor holes, and the tower mounting platform is connected to the external fixing structure through the anchor holes.

[0006] Beneficial effects: By setting up a tower installation platform that can be installed at the bottom of the tower, the wind turbine tower has been transformed from traditional horizontal sea transport to vertical sea transport. This fundamentally solves the problems of large footprint, low utilization rate of ship hold space, and high transportation costs associated with horizontal tower transport, significantly reducing the unit cost of wind turbine tower sea transport. Simultaneously, the locking blocks of the locking platform create a limiting space to achieve radial restraint of the tower. Combined with the fixed platform's connection to the tower via connecting plates, this forms a dual constraint structure of radial restraint and axial fixation, greatly improving the tower's performance. The structural stability during vertical transportation solves the safety problems of insufficient stability of tower transportation under the existing maritime transport mode, which is susceptible to displacement and tipping due to wind, waves and ship sway. In addition, the front and rear mounting holes of the connecting plate are set on the same plane, which ensures the uniformity of force when the tower is connected to the fixed platform and avoids structural damage caused by additional bending moment at the connection. The anchor holes set on the mounting frame can quickly connect with the ship and other external fixed structures, simplifying the fixed installation process of tower transportation and improving the efficiency of tower loading, unloading and transportation fixing.

[0007] In one optional embodiment, the multiple sets of clamping blocks are divided into an inner ring clamping group and an outer ring clamping group. The clamping blocks of the inner ring clamping group are arranged at intervals along the inner circumference of the limiting space, and the clamping blocks of the outer ring clamping group are arranged at intervals along the outer circumference of the limiting space. A groove area for clamping the edge of the tower is formed between the inner ring clamping group and the outer ring clamping group.

[0008] Beneficial effects: By dividing multiple sets of clamping blocks into inner and outer ring clamping groups, a groove area is formed between the two sets of clamping blocks to fit the edge of the tower wall. When the tower is installed vertically, the bottom wall of the tower can be accurately clamped into the groove area, further enhancing the radial limiting effect on the tower and avoiding the risk of radial displacement and tipping of the tower due to the swaying of the ship during sea transport. At the same time, the double-ring clamping structure of the inner and outer rings can simultaneously form bidirectional constraints on the inner and outer sides of the tower wall, making the force on the bottom of the tower more balanced, reducing the deformation damage of the tower wall caused by excessive force at a single point, and improving the integrity and safety of the tower structure during transportation.

[0009] In one optional embodiment, the top surfaces of the clamping blocks of both the inner and outer ring clamping groups are provided with guide chamfers, which extend obliquely from the groove opening of the clamping slot area toward a direction away from the center of the clamping slot.

[0010] Beneficial effects: By setting guide chamfers on the top surfaces of the clamping blocks of the inner and outer clamping groups, the inclined guide chamfers can guide the bottom wall of the tower during the process of hoisting and lowering the tower to the clamping platform. This eliminates the need for repeated manual alignment adjustments, allowing the tower wall to accurately fall into the clamping slot area. This significantly reduces the difficulty of aligning and installing the tower with the transport device, shortens the operation time for tower hoisting and fixing, and improves the efficiency of ocean loading. At the same time, the guide chamfers prevent the edges of the clamping blocks from directly colliding with the tower wall during the tower lowering process, effectively preventing collision damage to the wall surface and the steel structure, and ensuring the structural quality of the tower after it leaves the factory.

[0011] In one alternative embodiment, the connecting plate is a flat plate with a front mounting hole at the end of the flat plate away from the tower and a rear mounting hole at the end of the flat plate closer to the tower.

[0012] Beneficial effects: By setting the connecting plate as a flat plate and correspondingly limiting the opening positions of the front and rear mounting holes, the additional stress caused by plate bending during the connection process is eliminated, ensuring uniform and stable preload during fastener connection. This avoids the risk of bending and breakage of the connecting plate due to uneven stress, and improves the structural strength and service life of the connection structure. At the same time, it simplifies the processing and forming process of the connecting plate, eliminating the need for bending processing, reducing the production and manufacturing cost of the device. Furthermore, the flat plate has a higher fit with the tower and fixed platform, further improving the stability of the connection.

[0013] In one alternative embodiment, multiple sets of fixing holes are arranged in concentric rings at intervals along the direction away from the tower on the fixing platform, and the front mounting holes of the connecting plate can be fixedly connected to any one of the fixing holes by fasteners.

[0014] Beneficial effects: By setting multiple sets of fixing holes on the fixed platform to be arranged in a multi-ring concentric circle, the connecting plate can be connected and fixed according to the actual diameter of the tower by selecting the corresponding number of fixing holes. This allows the transport device to be adapted to wind turbine towers of different diameters, solving the problem that existing transport tooling can only be adapted to a single type of tower and has poor versatility. This significantly improves the applicability and reusability of the device and reduces the tooling modification cost for transporting towers of different specifications. At the same time, the arrangement of multiple concentric ring fixing holes ensures that the connecting plate is always evenly stressed along the circumference of the tower when adapting to towers of different diameters, avoiding fixing failure caused by eccentric loading and ensuring the stability of transporting towers of different specifications.

[0015] In one optional implementation, multiple sets of connecting plates are evenly spaced along the circumference of the tower, and the rear mounting holes of each set of connecting plates correspond one-to-one with the bolt holes at the bottom of the tower.

[0016] Beneficial effects: By arranging multiple sets of connecting plates evenly spaced along the circumference of the tower, the connection force between the tower and the fixed platform is evenly distributed along the circumference, avoiding problems such as connecting plate breakage caused by localized connection force concentration, and further improving the structural stability of the tower fixation; at the same time, the rear mounting holes of the connecting plates are set one-to-one with the bolt holes at the bottom of the tower, and the connection and fixation can be completed directly using the bolt holes that come with the tower from the factory, without the need to open additional mounting holes on the tower body, avoiding damage to the main structure of the tower, ensuring the structural strength of the tower itself, and simplifying the installation process and improving the efficiency of ship loading operations.

[0017] In one alternative implementation, multiple anchor holes are evenly spaced along the circumferential edge of the mounting frame, and the anchor holes are fixedly connected to the mounting base of the tower mounting platform.

[0018] Beneficial effects: By arranging multiple anchor holes evenly spaced along the circumferential edge of the mounting frame, the force on each anchor hole is evenly distributed along the circumference of the mounting frame when the transport device is fixed to the hull. This avoids problems such as deformation of the mounting frame caused by excessive force at a single point, and improves the structural stability of the connection between the transport device and the hull. At the same time, the anchor holes are fixedly connected to the mounting base of the tower mounting platform, ensuring the connection strength of the anchor holes. This allows the swaying load during the tower transportation process to be evenly transferred to the overall structure of the mounting frame, avoiding anchor hole detachment and failure caused by concentrated load, and further ensuring the safety of the tower during vertical sea transport.

[0019] In one alternative implementation, the anchor hole is used to thread a steel cable, which is used to secure the hull to a fixed structure.

[0020] Beneficial effects: By threading steel cables through the anchor holes and connecting them to the ship's fixed structure, the tower installation platform can be quickly and rigidly fixed to the ship's hull, limiting the overall displacement of the tower and transportation equipment during transportation. This adapts to the complex sea conditions of maritime transport and effectively resists the displacement risks caused by ship swaying and wind and wave loads. At the same time, the steel cable connection method allows for flexible adjustment of the fixing angle and preload, adapting to the fixed structures of different ship types. The threading and disassembly of steel cables can be completed quickly during loading and unloading, further improving the convenience and efficiency of maritime operations.

[0021] In one alternative embodiment, the mounting frame is a truss structure, and the mounting frame is fixed to the snap-fit ​​platform and the fixed platform, which are not on the same plane in the length direction of the tower.

[0022] Beneficial effects: By setting the mounting frame as a truss structure, the weight of the transport device itself is significantly reduced while ensuring the overall load-bearing strength and structural rigidity of the mounting frame. This reduces the device's own load on the ship's hull and lowers the production and manufacturing costs and lifting difficulty. At the same time, setting the snap-fit ​​platform and the fixing platform on different planes along the length of the tower allows the snap-fit ​​limiting and fixing connection of the tower to be completed in steps. The snap-fit ​​platform first completes the pre-positioning of the tower, and then the fixing platform completes the final fixing connection. This greatly reduces the difficulty of tower installation and alignment and improves the convenience and accuracy of the installation operation.

[0023] In one alternative implementation, the thickness of the connecting plate is equal to the height difference between the snap-fit ​​platform and the fixed platform along the length of the tower.

[0024] Beneficial effects: By setting the thickness of the connecting plate to be equal to the height difference between the snap-fit ​​platform and the fixed platform along the length of the tower, when the bottom of the tower is snapped into the slot area of ​​the snap-fit ​​platform, the connecting plate can simultaneously and completely fit with the bottom flange face of the tower and the surface of the fixed platform, eliminating the installation gap between the connecting surfaces. This avoids problems such as loose fasteners and connection failures caused by gaps, ensures the stability of the preload of the connecting plate connection, further improves the long-term stability of the connection between the tower and the transport device, and avoids the risk of connection loosening caused by turbulence and shaking during sea transport. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the bottom fixing device for offshore transportation of wind turbine towers according to the present invention and the tower. Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the bottom fixing device for offshore transport of wind turbine towers; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting plate.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Tower; 2. Tower mounting platform; 21. Clamping block; 22. Fixing hole; 23. Anchor hole; 24. Connecting plate; 241. Front mounting hole; 242. Rear mounting hole; 25. Clamping platform; 26. Mounting bracket; 27. Fixing platform; 28. Slot area. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 4 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0030] Traditional wind turbine towers are typically transported by sea using a horizontal transport method, where the tower is laid horizontally along the length of the ship and secured with multi-point support fixtures. In this method, the axial length of the tower completely occupies the linear space of the ship, and the radial diameter determines the width of a single row. This not only results in significant wasted ship space due to the irregular shape of the horizontally laid towers, but also limits the number of towers that can be accommodated in a single ship's hold. Furthermore, it presents problems such as complex securing procedures, susceptibility to rolling and impacts during transport, and additional bending stress on the tower walls due to its own weight. As the power output of wind turbines continues to increase, the diameter and height of the towers also continue to grow, exacerbating the pain points of low space utilization and high transportation costs associated with horizontal sea transport. The increasing prominence of this issue severely restricts the export development of domestic wind power equipment. The core of the shift from horizontal to vertical sea transport lies in changing the placement and fixing method of the tower 1 within the ship's hold using specialized tower 1 transport fixtures. This transforms the tower 1, originally horizontally placed along the hull, into a vertically fixed structure on the ship's deck. The core logic involves using the tower installation platform 2, which is adapted to the bottom of the tower 1, to first achieve radial pre-positioning and bi-directional limiting of the bottom wall of the tower 1 through the groove area 28 formed by the inner and outer ring clamping blocks 21 on the clamping platform 25, preventing radial displacement of the tower 1. Then, the connecting plate 24 on the fixing platform 27 is used to secure the tower... 1. The bottom flange is rigidly fixed to the fixed platform 27, stabilizing the center of gravity of the tower 1 within the load-bearing range of the transport fixture. Finally, steel cables are threaded through the evenly distributed anchor holes 23 on the mounting frame 26 to firmly connect the fixture to the fixed anchor points on the ship's deck, forming a stable vertical transport structure with rigid bottom load-bearing fixation and flexible circumferential limiting connection. This changes the space occupation of the tower 1. Based on the calculation of a tower 1 with a diameter of 6m and a height of 30m, the footprint of 3 sets of tower 1 in horizontal sea transport is approximately 540㎡. After conversion to vertical sea transport, the footprint is only approximately 270.6㎡, directly saving nearly half of the transport space. The number of tower 1s that can be accommodated in the same ship hold is reduced. The doubling of costs significantly reduces the sea freight cost of a single tower 1 unit. At the same time, vertical transportation ensures that the stress pattern of tower 1 is consistent with the actual service conditions, avoiding the additional bending stress on the cylinder wall caused by its own weight during horizontal transportation. This reduces the risk of structural deformation and damage to the anti-corrosion coating during transportation. Furthermore, vertical transportation only requires a single-point fixation at the bottom in conjunction with circumferential steel cable ties. Compared with the multi-point support and fixation of horizontal transportation, this greatly simplifies the entire process of loading, fixing, and unloading, shortens the port operation cycle, and further reduces the overall sea freight cost. This fundamentally breaks through the transportation bottleneck of large-size wind turbine tower 1 by sea and effectively solves the problem of transportation cost constraints for wind power equipment exports.

[0031] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a tower marine transportation device is provided, comprising: a tower installation platform 2, the tower installation platform 2 being adapted to be installed to the bottom of a tower 1; the tower installation platform 2 comprising a fixing platform 27, a snap-fit ​​platform 25 and a mounting frame 26, the fixing platform 27 and the snap-fit ​​platform 25 being disposed on the mounting frame 26, and the fixing platform 27 and the snap-fit ​​platform 25 being respectively connected to the bottom of the tower 1; The snap-fit ​​platform 25 is equipped with snap-fit ​​blocks 21, and multiple sets of snap-fit ​​blocks 21 surround to form a limiting space for snapping the bottom of the tower 1; the fixed platform 27 is provided with multiple sets of fixing holes 22, and the fixed platform 27 is provided with a connecting plate 24. The fixed platform 27 is connected to the tower 1 through the connecting plate 24. One end of the connecting plate 24 is provided with a front mounting hole 241, and the other end of the connecting plate 24 is provided with a rear mounting hole 242. The connecting plate 24 is fixedly connected to the fixing holes 22 of the fixed platform 27 through the rear mounting hole 242, and the connecting plate 24 is fixedly connected to the tower 1 through the front mounting hole 241. The front mounting hole 241 and the rear mounting hole 242 are located on the same plane; the mounting frame 26 is fixedly provided with multiple anchor holes 23, and the tower mounting platform 2 is connected to the external fixing structure through the anchor holes 23.

[0032] By setting up a tower installation platform 2 that can be installed at the bottom of the tower 1, the wind turbine tower 1 is transformed from traditional horizontal sea transport to vertical sea transport. This fundamentally solves the problems of large footprint, low utilization rate of ship hold space, and high transportation costs associated with horizontal transport of the tower 1 in existing technologies, significantly reducing the unit cost of wind turbine tower 1 sea transport and assisting in cost control for wind power equipment export transportation. Simultaneously, the locking blocks 21 of the locking platform 25 form a limiting space to achieve radial limiting of the tower 1. Combined with the fixed platform 27 connected to the tower 1 via the connecting plate 24, a dual constraint structure of radial limiting and axial fixing is formed, greatly improving the efficiency of wind turbine equipment export transportation. This significantly improves the structural stability of the tower 1 during vertical transportation, solving the safety issues of insufficient transportation stability of the tower 1 under the existing maritime transport mode, and its susceptibility to displacement and tipping due to wind, waves and ship sway. In addition, the front mounting hole 241 and the rear mounting hole 242 of the connecting plate 24 are set on the same plane, ensuring the uniformity of force when the tower 1 is connected to the fixed platform 27, avoiding structural damage caused by additional bending moment at the connection point. The anchor hole 23 set on the mounting frame 26 can quickly connect to the ship hull and other external fixed structures, simplifying the fixed installation process of the tower 1 in maritime transport and improving the efficiency of loading, unloading and transport fixing of the tower 1.

[0033] In one embodiment, combined Figure 2 As shown, the multiple sets of clamping blocks 21 are divided into an inner ring clamping group and an outer ring clamping group. The clamping blocks 21 of the inner ring clamping group are arranged at intervals along the inner circumference of the limiting space, and the clamping blocks 21 of the outer ring clamping group are arranged at intervals along the outer circumference of the limiting space. A groove area 28 for clamping the edge of the tower cylinder 1 is formed between the inner ring clamping group and the outer ring clamping group.

[0034] The inner and outer ring clamping assemblies are core paired structures on the clamping platform 25 of the offshore tower 1 transport device, used to achieve precise pre-positioning and stable radial constraint of the bottom of the tower 1. They are arranged in a double-ring arrangement with the central axis of the tower 1 as the center. The inner ring clamping assembly consists of multiple independent clamping blocks 21 arranged at equal intervals along the inner circumference of the limiting space. Their outer walls together form an inner limiting circumferential surface that matches the inner diameter of the tower 1 wall. The outer ring clamping assembly consists of a corresponding number of clamping blocks 21 arranged at equal intervals along the outer circumference of the limiting space. Their inner walls together form an outer limiting circumferential surface that matches the outer diameter of the tower 1 wall. The radial distance between the inner and outer ring clamping assemblies precisely matches the design thickness of the bottom wall of the tower 1. The groove area 28 is naturally formed between the two rings to secure the bottom edge of the tower 1. When the tower 1 is vertically hoisted and positioned, the bottom wall of the tower 1 can be directly embedded in the groove area 28. The clamping blocks 21 of the inner ring clamping group are in full contact with the inner surface of the tower 1 wall, which can effectively limit the inward radial contraction displacement and center eccentricity shift of the tower 1 caused by the swaying of the ship and the load of wind and waves. The clamping blocks 21 of the outer ring clamping group are in full contact with the outer surface of the tower 1 wall, which can simultaneously limit the outward radial expansion displacement and lateral tilting shift of the tower 1. The two rings form a two-way encircling constraint structure, which can evenly distribute the swaying load at the bottom of the tower 1 to each clamping block 21 of the two rings, avoiding deformation of the wall structure and damage to the surface anti-corrosion coating caused by single-point overload.

[0035] By dividing the multiple sets of clamping blocks 21 into an inner ring clamping group and an outer ring clamping group, a groove area 28 that adapts to the edge of the tower cylinder 1 wall is formed between the two sets of clamping blocks 21. When the tower cylinder 1 is installed vertically, the bottom wall of the tower cylinder 1 can be accurately clamped into the groove area 28, which further enhances the radial limiting effect of the tower cylinder 1 and avoids the risk of radial displacement and tipping of the tower cylinder 1 due to the swaying of the ship during sea transportation. At the same time, the double-ring clamping structure of the inner and outer rings can simultaneously form a two-way constraint on the inner and outer sides of the tower cylinder 1 wall, making the force on the bottom of the tower cylinder 1 more balanced, reducing the deformation damage of the cylinder wall caused by excessive force at a single point, and improving the integrity and safety of the tower cylinder 1 structure during transportation.

[0036] Optionally, the number of clamping blocks 21 in the inner and outer ring clamping groups can be adjusted according to the diameter of the tower 1. For example, for a large-diameter tower 1, the number of inner and outer ring clamping blocks 21 can be appropriately increased to ensure that the tower 1 wall is clamped evenly at multiple points. At the same time, the material of the clamping blocks 21 can be high-strength wear-resistant steel, and a buffer rubber pad can be pasted on the surface that contacts the tower 1 wall. This can enhance the clamping friction and prevent direct metal contact from causing scratch damage to the surface of the tower 1.

[0037] In this embodiment, the clamping block 21 is adapted to different tower diameters 1, such as 4.5 meters, 5.5 meters and 6.5 meters respectively. By adjusting the spacing of the clamping blocks 21 of the inner ring clamping group and the outer ring clamping group, the width of the slot area 28 can be flexibly adapted to the wall of the tower 1 of different diameters. The clamping block 21 can meet the clamping requirements of various specifications of tower 1 without replacing it, which further improves the versatility and adaptability of the transportation device. For example, when transporting a tower 1 with a diameter of 4.5 meters, the clamping blocks 21 of the inner ring clamping group are evenly arranged along the inner circumference with a diameter of 4.5 meters, and the clamping blocks 21 of the outer ring clamping group are correspondingly arranged along the outer circumference with a diameter of 5.3 meters, forming a clamping groove area 28 with a width of 0.4 meters; while when transporting a tower 1 with a diameter of 6.5 meters, the clamping blocks 21 of the inner ring clamping group are arranged along the inner circumference with a diameter of 6.5 meters, and the clamping blocks 21 of the outer ring clamping group are arranged along the outer circumference with a diameter of 7.7 meters, forming a clamping groove area 28 with a width of 0.6 meters. By coordinating the adjustment of the number and arrangement diameter of the clamping blocks 21, stable clamping of towers 1 with different diameters is achieved.

[0038] Furthermore, the top surfaces of the clamping blocks 21 of both the inner and outer ring clamping groups are provided with guide chamfers, which extend at an angle from the groove opening of the slot area 28 toward the direction away from the center of the slot area 28.

[0039] By setting guide chamfers on the top surfaces of the clamping blocks 21 of the inner and outer clamping groups, the inclined guide chamfers can guide the bottom wall of the tower 1 during the hoisting and lowering process of the tower 1 to the clamping platform 25. This eliminates the need for repeated manual alignment adjustments, allowing the tower 1 wall to accurately fall into the clamping slot area 28. This significantly reduces the difficulty of aligning and installing the tower 1 with the transportation device, shortens the operation time for hoisting and fixing the tower 1, and improves the efficiency of ocean loading. At the same time, the guide chamfers prevent the edges of the clamping blocks 21 from directly colliding with the tower 1 wall during the lowering process, effectively preventing damage to the wall surface and the steel structure, and ensuring the structural quality of the tower 1 after it leaves the factory.

[0040] Specifically, the inclination angle of the guide chamfer can be set to 30°-45°. This angle range provides sufficient guiding force while avoiding excessively large angles that could result in insufficient bearing area at the top of the clamping block 21, affecting structural strength. For example, when using a 35° guide chamfer, after the tower wall contacts the chamfered surface during hoisting, it can automatically slide into the slot area 28 under gravity, achieving rapid and accurate alignment. Simultaneously, the chamfered surface can be smoothly polished to reduce frictional resistance when in contact with the tower wall, further improving the smoothness of the guide placement. The height of the clamping block 21 can be set to 150-200mm to ensure sufficient engagement depth between the slot area 28 and the bottom of the tower 1, preventing the risk of the tower 1 jumping longitudinally and detaching from the slot during transportation due to shallow engagement. This ensures both guiding effectiveness and the stability of the engagement limit.

[0041] In one embodiment, combined Figure 4 As shown, the connecting plate 24 is a flat plate. The front mounting hole 241 is opened at the end of the flat plate away from the tower 1, and the rear mounting hole 242 is opened at the end of the flat plate close to the tower 1.

[0042] By setting the connecting plate 24 as a flat plate and correspondingly defining the opening positions of the front mounting hole 241 and the rear mounting hole 242, the additional stress caused by the bending of the plate surface during the connection process is eliminated, ensuring that the preload force during the fastener connection is uniform and stable, avoiding the risk of bending and breaking of the connecting plate 24 due to uneven stress, and improving the structural strength and service life of the connection structure. At the same time, the processing and forming process of the connecting plate 24 is simplified, and it can be manufactured without bending processing, reducing the production and manufacturing cost of the device. Moreover, the flat plate has a higher fit with the tower 1 and the fixed platform 27, further improving the stability of the connection.

[0043] Optionally, the diameters of the front mounting hole 241 and the rear mounting hole 242 can be set according to the specifications of the bolts that come with the tower 1, so as to avoid stress concentration when the bolts are inserted and to facilitate the quick insertion and installation of the bolts.

[0044] In one embodiment, combined Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, multiple sets of fixing holes 22 are arranged in concentric rings along the direction away from the tower 1 on the fixing platform 27. The front mounting hole 241 of the connecting plate 24 can be fixedly connected to any one of the fixing holes 22 by fasteners.

[0045] By setting multiple sets of fixing holes 22 on the fixed platform 27 into a multi-ring concentric ring arrangement, the connecting plate 24 can select the corresponding number of fixing holes 22 for connection and fixation according to the actual diameter of the tower 1. This allows the transport device to be adapted to wind turbine towers 1 of different diameters, solving the problem that existing transport tooling can only be adapted to a single model of tower 1 and has poor versatility. This significantly improves the applicability and reusability of the device and reduces the tooling modification cost for transporting towers 1 of different specifications. At the same time, the multi-ring concentric ring arrangement of fixing holes 22 ensures that the connecting plate 24 is always evenly stressed along the circumference of the tower 1 when adapting to towers 1 of different diameters, avoiding fixation failure caused by eccentric load and ensuring the stability of towers 1 of different specifications during transport.

[0046] This embodiment can accommodate towers 1 with different diameters, such as 4.5 meters, 5.5 meters, and 6.5 meters. By selecting different numbers of fixing holes 22 and connecting them to the front mounting holes 241 of the connecting plate 24, towers 1 of different diameters can be fixed. For example, when transporting a tower 1 with a diameter of 4.5 meters, the front mounting holes 241 of the connecting plate 24 are connected to the smaller inner ring fixing holes 22 on the fixing platform 27 using fasteners; when transporting a tower 1 with a diameter of 6.5 meters, the front mounting holes 241 of the connecting plate 24 are connected to the larger outer ring fixing holes 22 on the fixing platform 27. This design eliminates the need for large-scale structural modifications to the same transport device. By simply adjusting the connection position of the connecting plate 24 and the fixing holes 22, the fixing requirements for towers 1 of various diameters can be met, greatly enhancing the versatility and economy of the transport device and reducing the cost and time associated with replacing or customizing the transport device due to changes in tower 1 specifications.

[0047] In one embodiment, combined Figure 3 As shown, multiple sets of connecting plates 24 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the tower 1, and the rear mounting holes 242 of each set of connecting plates 24 are set one-to-one with the bolt holes at the bottom of the tower 1.

[0048] By arranging multiple sets of connecting plates 24 evenly spaced along the circumference of the tower 1, the connection force between the tower 1 and the fixed platform 27 is evenly distributed along the circumference, avoiding problems such as breakage of the connecting plates 24 caused by localized connection force concentration, and further improving the structural stability of the tower 1. At the same time, the rear mounting holes 242 of the connecting plates 24 are set one-to-one with the bolt holes at the bottom of the tower 1, so the connection and fixation can be completed directly using the bolt holes that come with the tower 1 from the factory, without the need to open additional mounting holes on the tower 1 body, avoiding damage to the main structure of the tower 1, ensuring the structural strength of the tower 1 itself, simplifying the installation process, and improving the efficiency of ship loading operations.

[0049] This embodiment can adapt to different tower diameters. Given a fixed number of connecting plates 24, by adjusting the installation positions of the connecting plates 24 and the bolt holes at the bottom of the tower 1, multiple sets of connecting plates 24 can always precisely correspond to the bolt holes at the bottom of towers 1 with different diameters. For example, for a tower 1 with a diameter of 4.5 meters, there are 16 bolt holes at the bottom. In this case, the connecting plates 24 are connected one-to-one with these 16 bolt holes. When transporting a tower 1 with a diameter of 6.5 meters, there are 24 bolt holes at the bottom. In this case, 16 evenly distributed bolt holes can be selected and fixed to the rear mounting holes 242 of the connecting plates 24, or the rear mounting holes 242 on the outer ring of the connecting plates 24 can be selected to ensure the uniform distribution of the connecting plates 24 around the tower 1, thereby ensuring the balance of the connection force. This design allows the transport device to achieve a stable connection simply by selectively aligning the bolt holes when facing towers 1 with different numbers of bolt holes, without increasing or decreasing the number of connecting plates 24, further enhancing the versatility and ease of operation of the device.

[0050] In one embodiment, combined Figure 3 As shown, multiple anchor holes 23 are evenly spaced along the circumferential edge of the mounting frame 26, and the anchor holes 23 are fixedly connected to the mounting base of the tower mounting platform 2.

[0051] By arranging multiple anchor holes 23 evenly at intervals along the circumferential edge of the mounting frame 26, the force on each anchor hole 23 is evenly distributed along the circumference of the mounting frame 26 when the transport device is fixed to the hull. This avoids problems such as deformation of the mounting frame 26 caused by excessive force at a single point, and improves the structural stability of the connection between the transport device and the hull. At the same time, the anchor holes 23 are fixedly connected to the mounting base of the tower mounting platform 2, ensuring the connection strength of the anchor holes 23. This allows the swaying load during the transportation of the tower 1 to be evenly transferred to the overall structure of the mounting frame 26, avoiding the anchor hole 23 from falling off and failing due to concentrated load, and further ensuring the safety of the tower 1 during vertical sea transport.

[0052] Furthermore, the anchor hole 23 is used to thread steel cables, which are used to fix the hull's fixed structure.

[0053] By threading steel cables through the anchor holes 23 and connecting them to the fixed structure of the hull, the tower mounting platform 2 can be quickly and rigidly fixed to the hull, limiting the overall displacement of the tower 1 and the transport device during transportation. This adapts to the complex sea conditions of maritime transport and effectively resists the displacement risks caused by hull swaying and wind and wave loads. At the same time, the steel cable connection method allows for flexible adjustment of the fixing angle and preload, adapting to the fixed structures of different ship types. The threading and disassembly of steel cables can be completed quickly during loading and unloading, further improving the convenience and efficiency of maritime operations.

[0054] Specifically, the hull's fixing structure can be pre-installed mooring bollards or dedicated fixing brackets on the hull deck. Steel cables can be wound around the mooring bollards and secured using rigging tensioners. Dedicated fixing brackets can be customized according to the dimensions of the tower installation platform 2 and the location of the anchor holes 23, ensuring precise alignment of the steel cable connection points with the anchor holes 23 and further improving the reliability of the fixing. In actual operation, appropriate hull fixing structures and steel cable specifications can be selected based on the specific configuration of the transport vessel and the weight and dimensions of the tower 1. For example, for a large tower 1 with a significant weight, multiple sets of steel cables can be symmetrically distributed and connected to different mooring bollards to ensure balanced fixing forces in all directions, effectively preventing the tower 1 from pitching, rolling, or heaving during sea transport caused by wind and waves.

[0055] In one embodiment, combined Figure 3 As shown, the mounting frame 26 is a truss structure. The mounting frame 26 is fixed to the snap-fit ​​platform 25 and the fixed platform 27. The snap-fit ​​platform 25 and the fixed platform 27 are not on the same plane in the length direction of the tower 1.

[0056] By setting the mounting frame 26 as a truss structure, the weight of the transport device itself is significantly reduced while ensuring the overall load-bearing strength and structural rigidity of the mounting frame 26. This reduces the device's own load on the ship's hull and lowers the production and manufacturing costs and lifting difficulty. Meanwhile, the snap-fit ​​platform 25 and the fixing platform 27 are set as different planes along the length of the tower 1, which allows the snap-fit ​​limiting and fixing connection of the tower 1 to be completed in steps. The snap-fit ​​platform 25 is used to complete the pre-positioning of the tower 1, and then the fixing platform 27 is used to complete the final fixing connection. This greatly reduces the difficulty of aligning the tower 1 during installation and improves the convenience and accuracy of the installation operation.

[0057] Specifically, the snap-fit ​​platform 25 can be set above the fixed platform 27. When the tower 1 is hoisted to the mounting frame 26, the bottom wall of the tower 1 is first snapped into the snap-fit ​​groove area 28 of the snap-fit ​​platform 25 to achieve preliminary radial positioning. At this time, the tower 1 is in a pre-fixed state. The operator can operate the connection plate 24 to connect and fix the bolt holes at the bottom of the tower 1 on the ground or the fixed platform 27. There is no need to perform alignment operation at high altitude, which significantly improves the safety of the installation operation.

[0058] In one embodiment, the thickness of the connecting plate 24 is equal to the height difference between the snap-fit ​​platform 25 and the fixing platform 27 along the length of the tower 1.

[0059] The thickness of the connecting plate 24 is set to be equal to the height difference between the snap-fit ​​platform 25 and the fixed platform 27 in the length direction of the tower 1. When the bottom of the tower 1 is snapped into the snap-fit ​​area 28 of the snap-fit ​​platform 25, the connecting plate 24 can be completely fitted with the bottom flange surface of the tower 1 and the surface of the fixed platform 27 at the same time. This eliminates the installation gap between the connecting surfaces, avoids problems such as loose fasteners and connection failure caused by the existence of gaps, ensures the stability of the pre-tightening force of the connecting plate 24, further improves the long-term stability of the connection between the tower 1 and the transportation device, and avoids the risk of connection loosening caused by turbulence and shaking during sea transportation.

[0060] Specifically, the height difference between the snap-fit ​​platform 25 and the fixed platform 27 along the length of the tower 1 can be set to 20-30mm. In this case, the thickness of the connecting plate 24 should be set to 20-30mm accordingly, which satisfies the connection strength requirements while avoiding material waste and weight increase due to excessive thickness. For example, when the height difference is 25mm, a 25mm thick high-strength steel plate can be used as the connecting plate 24. After the tower 1 is in place, the top surface of the connecting plate 24 fits tightly against the bottom flange of the tower 1, and the bottom surface makes seamless contact with the surface of the fixed platform 27. After being tightened with bolts, a rigid connection can be formed, effectively transferring the weight load of the tower 1 and the dynamic load during transportation.

[0061] Assembly process of the bottom fixing device for offshore transport of wind turbine tower 1 and tower 1 in this invention: The first step is the pre-assembly of the transport device in the factory. First, the welding assembly of the truss-type mounting frame 26 is completed. After the structural strength is ensured to meet the standards through flaw detection, the clamping platform 25 and the fixed platform 27 are coaxially fixed to the top surface of the mounting frame 26 according to the design height difference, ensuring that their central axes coincide. Then, clamping blocks 21 of the inner and outer ring clamping groups are installed on the clamping platform 25. The circumferential spacing and radial clearance of each clamping block 21 are adjusted so that a groove area 28 matching the wall thickness of the tower 1 is formed between the double-ring clamping blocks 21. At the same time, fasteners are pre-installed on the fixed platform 27 and connecting plates 24 are placed. Finally, anchor holes 23 are welded circumferentially on the mounting frame 26 to complete the pre-assembly of the tooling and the verification of dimensional accuracy.

[0062] The second step is the docking and assembly of tower 1 with the transport device. Before operation, clean the bottom flange surface and bolt holes of tower 1, removing burrs and impurities. Use lifting equipment to vertically lift tower 1, adjust its posture to make it coaxial with the transport device, and slowly lower tower 1. Guide the bottom wall of tower 1 into the slot area 28 precisely by using the guide chamfer on the top surface of the clamping block 21 to complete the radial pre-positioning. Then adjust the evenly distributed connecting plates 24 around the circumference so that the rear mounting holes 242 of the connecting plates 24 are aligned with the bolt holes at the bottom of tower 1, and the front mounting holes 241 are aligned with the corresponding number of fixing holes 22 of the fixing platform 27. After inserting high-strength bolts, tighten them in stages in a diagonal and symmetrical manner to the design torque to ensure that there is no gap between the connecting plates 24 and the mating surface.

[0063] The third step is the final securing assembly after loading onto the ship. The assembled tower 1 and the transport device are hoisted together to the designated position on the ship's deck. After adjusting the placement and spacing, high-strength steel cables are threaded through the circumferential anchor holes 23 of the mounting frame 26. Both ends of the cables are reliably connected to the fixed anchor points on the ship's deck. The tension of each cable is symmetrically adjusted to ensure even stress distribution on the transport device, eliminating the risk of uneven loading or displacement. Finally, all bolts are secured with anti-loosening measures, and the cable connections are checked a second time for tightening, completing the entire assembly process and meeting the safety requirements for long-distance maritime transport.

[0064] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A bottom fixing device for offshore transportation of wind turbine towers, characterized in that, include: Tower mounting platform (2), which is adapted to be installed at the bottom of tower (1); The tower installation platform (2) includes a fixed platform (27), a snap-fit ​​platform (25), and a mounting frame (26). The fixed platform (27) and the snap-fit ​​platform (25) are mounted on the mounting frame (26), and the fixed platform (27) and the snap-fit ​​platform (25) are respectively connected to the bottom of the tower (1). The snap-fit ​​platform (25) is provided with snap-fit ​​blocks (21), and multiple sets of snap-fit ​​blocks (21) surround to form a limiting space for snapping the bottom of the tower (1); The fixed platform (27) has multiple sets of fixing holes (22). The fixed platform (27) is provided with a connecting plate (24). The fixed platform (27) is connected to the tower (1) through the connecting plate (24). One end of the connecting plate (24) is provided with a front mounting hole (241), and the other end of the connecting plate (24) is provided with a rear mounting hole (242). The connecting plate (24) is fixedly connected to the fixing hole (22) of the fixed platform (27) through the rear mounting hole (242). The connecting plate (24) is fixedly connected to the tower (1) through the front mounting hole (241). The front mounting hole (241) and the rear mounting hole (242) are located on the same plane. The mounting frame (26) is fixedly provided with multiple anchor holes (23), and the tower mounting platform (2) is connected to the external fixed structure through the anchor holes (23).

2. The bottom fixing device for offshore transportation of wind turbine towers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple sets of clamping blocks (21) are divided into an inner ring clamping group and an outer ring clamping group. The clamping blocks (21) of the inner ring clamping group are arranged at intervals along the inner circumference of the limiting space, and the clamping blocks (21) of the outer ring clamping group are arranged at intervals along the outer circumference of the limiting space. A groove area (28) for clamping the edge of the tower (1) is formed between the inner ring clamping group and the outer ring clamping group.

3. The bottom fixing device for offshore transportation of wind turbine towers according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top surfaces of the clamping blocks (21) of the inner ring clamping group and the outer ring clamping group are provided with guide chamfers, which extend obliquely from the slot opening of the slot area (28) away from the center of the slot.

4. The bottom fixing device for offshore transportation of wind turbine towers according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting plate (24) is a flat plate. The front mounting hole (241) is opened at the end of the flat plate away from the tower (1), and the rear mounting hole (242) is opened at the end of the flat plate close to the tower (1).

5. The bottom fixing device for offshore transportation of wind turbine towers according to claim 4, characterized in that, Multiple sets of fixing holes (22) are arranged in a concentric ring at intervals along the direction away from the tower (1) from the fixing platform (27). The front mounting hole (241) of the connecting plate (24) can be fixedly connected to any one of the fixing holes (22) by fasteners.

6. The bottom fixing device for offshore transportation of wind turbine towers according to claim 4, characterized in that, Multiple sets of connecting plates (24) are evenly spaced along the circumference of the tower (1), and the rear mounting holes (242) of each set of connecting plates (24) are set one-to-one with the bolt holes at the bottom of the tower (1).

7. The bottom fixing device for offshore transportation of wind turbine towers according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple anchor holes (23) are evenly spaced along the circumferential edge of the mounting frame (26), and the anchor holes (23) are fixedly connected to the mounting base of the tower mounting platform (2).

8. The bottom fixing device for offshore transportation of wind turbine towers according to claim 7, characterized in that, The anchor hole (23) is used to thread a steel cable, which is used to fix the hull's fixing structure.

9. The bottom fixing device for offshore transportation of wind turbine towers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting frame (26) is a truss structure. The mounting frame (26) is fixed to the snap-fit ​​platform (25) and the fixed platform (27). The snap-fit ​​platform (25) and the fixed platform (27) are not on the same plane in the length direction of the tower (1).

10. The bottom fixing device for offshore transportation of wind turbine towers according to claim 9, characterized in that, The thickness of the connecting plate (24) is equal to the height difference between the snap-fit ​​platform (25) and the fixing platform (27) along the length of the tower (1).

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