evaporator

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of evaporator, can stably generate steam, and manufacture easily, durable reliability is high, can be miniaturized.Evaporator has: tubular member (10), which can be supplied heating medium flow-through;Heat exchange structure, which is configured to the radial inner side of tubular member (10);And sheath member (30), it is spaced apart in the manner of forming the flow path of liquid and its steam and is configured to the radial outer side of tubular member (10), and has the supply port (31) of liquid (M1) and the exhaust port (32) of steam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to evaporators. Background Technology

[0002] Steam, including water vapor, is used in various fields such as humidifiers, absorption chillers, and fuel cells.

[0003] One method for generating steam is using an evaporator (heat exchanger). For example, a conventional evaporator capable of generating steam is the finned tube heat exchanger, which has fins installed on the tubes (heat transfer tubes). While finned tube heat exchangers are durable and reliable, increasing the amount of steam generated requires larger fins, thus resulting in larger sizes.

[0004] Therefore, from the perspective of improving the heat exchange efficiency and miniaturizing the heat exchanger, a plate heat sink stacked heat exchanger has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1). Compared with the heat sink tube heat exchanger, the plate heat sink stacked heat exchanger can reduce the cross-sectional area of ​​the heat transfer path, thereby achieving improved heat exchange efficiency and miniaturization.

[0005] However, plate heat exchangers with stacked fins have low pressure resistance and strength, as well as low durability and reliability due to their stacked structure.

[0006] In addition, plate heat exchangers are known that involve stacking multiple plates and joining predetermined portions between the plates using brazing filler metal or the like (e.g., Patent Documents 2 to 4).

[0007] However, plate heat exchangers are prone to assembly errors, and leakage of the internal medium may occur due to misalignment of openings, etc. Furthermore, the pressure resistance and strength of solder joints are low, resulting in poor durability and reliability. Moreover, in plate heat exchangers with corrugated plates, the uneven width of the flow paths along the plate stacking direction prevents uniform heat exchange, and the generation of steam may become unstable.

[0008] On the other hand, heat exchangers with honeycomb structures are also known (e.g., Patent Document 5). These heat exchangers can achieve heat exchange performance equal to or better than that of plate heat exchangers, and are also highly durable and reliable.

[0009] However, since the heat exchanger primarily focuses on the heat exchange between exhaust gas and refrigerant, it is not a suitable flow path structure for vapor generation and therefore cannot adequately generate vapor.

[0010] Existing technical documents

[0011] Patent documents

[0012] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 7455290

[0013] Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2022-61054

[0014] Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2022-92367

[0015] Patent Document 4: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2023-37963

[0016] Patent Document 5: International Publication No. 2016 / 185963 Summary of the Invention

[0017] The problem that the invention aims to solve

[0018] The present invention was made to solve the aforementioned problems, and its purpose is to provide an evaporator that can stably generate steam, is easy to manufacture, has high durability and reliability, and can be miniaturized.

[0019] Solution for solving the problem

[0020] The inventors conducted in-depth research on evaporators and discovered that the aforementioned problems could be solved by forming a predetermined structure, thus completing the present invention. That is, the present invention is as follows.

[0021] <1> An evaporator comprising:

[0022] A cylindrical component through which the heating medium can flow;

[0023] A heat exchange structure disposed radially inside the cylindrical component; and

[0024] A sheath component is arranged radially outward of the cylindrical component at intervals in a manner that forms a flow path for the liquid and its vapor, and has a supply port for the liquid and an outlet for the vapor.

[0025] <2> according to <1> The evaporator, wherein the flow path includes an evaporation zone for evaporating the liquid and a heating zone for heating the vapor.

[0026] <3> according to <1> or <2> The evaporator further comprises: an evaporation structural element including the cylindrical component, a first heat exchange structure disposed radially inside the cylindrical component, and a sheath component having a liquid supply port; and a heating structural element including the cylindrical component, a second heat exchange structure disposed radially inside the cylindrical component, the sheath component having a vapor outlet, and a third heat exchange structure disposed between the cylindrical component and the sheath component.

[0027] The evaporation structural element is directly or indirectly connected to the heating structural element.

[0028] <4> according to <1> or <2> The evaporator, wherein the heat exchange structure is a honeycomb structure having an outer peripheral wall and partitions, the partitions being disposed on the inner side of the outer peripheral wall and dividing the space into multiple compartments extending from a first end face to a second end face.

[0029] The heating medium can circulate within the compartments of the honeycomb structure.

[0030] <5> according to <1> or <2> The evaporator, wherein the heat exchange structure is a hollow honeycomb structure having an outer peripheral wall, an inner peripheral wall, and a partition wall, wherein the partition wall is disposed between the outer peripheral wall and the inner peripheral wall and divides into multiple compartments extending from a first end face to a second end face.

[0031] The heating medium can circulate within the compartments of the hollow honeycomb structure.

[0032] <6> According to <5> The evaporator, wherein a blocking member for preventing the inflow of the heating medium is disposed on the inner side of the inner peripheral wall.

[0033] <7> According to <3> In the evaporator described above, the first heat exchange structure and the second heat exchange structure are either honeycomb structures or hollow honeycomb structures. The honeycomb structure has an outer peripheral wall and partitions, with the partitions disposed on the inner side of the outer peripheral wall and dividing the space into multiple compartments extending from a first end face to a second end face. The hollow honeycomb structure has an outer peripheral wall, an inner peripheral wall, and partitions, with the partitions disposed between the outer peripheral wall and the inner peripheral wall and dividing the space into multiple compartments extending from the first end face to the second end face. The heating medium can flow within the compartments of the honeycomb structure or the hollow honeycomb structure.

[0034] The third heat exchange structure is a hollow honeycomb structure having an outer peripheral wall, an inner peripheral wall, and a partition wall. The partition wall is disposed between the outer peripheral wall and the inner peripheral wall and divides into multiple compartments extending from the first end face to the second end face, and the vapor can flow in the compartments of the hollow honeycomb structure.

[0035] <8> An evaporator according to any one of <1> to <7>, wherein the flow direction of the heating medium is opposite to the flow direction of the liquid and its vapor.

[0036] <9> An evaporator according to any one of <1> to <8>, wherein the evaporator is a vertical evaporator arranged such that the axial direction of the cylindrical component is parallel to the vertical direction.

[0037] <10> According to the evaporator described in <9>, the evaporation zone is located below and the heating zone is located above.

[0038] <11> According to the evaporator described in <10>, the sheath component further has a gas supply port.

[0039] <12> According to <11> the evaporator, a tube with a plurality of nozzles is introduced from the gas supply port into a flow path between the cylindrical member and the sheath member in a manner that covers the radially outer side of the cylindrical member, and the gas can be ejected from the nozzles.

[0040] <13> The evaporator according to <9>, wherein the evaporation zone is located above and the heating zone is located below.

[0041] <14> The evaporator according to <13> is provided in the evaporation zone with at least one selected from honeycomb structure, metal heat sink, mesh material and porous material.

[0042] <15> According to <13>, the evaporator is provided with a tube having a plurality of nozzles that is arranged in a flow path between the cylindrical member and the sheath member in a manner that covers the radially outer side of the cylindrical member, and the liquid is able to be ejected from the nozzles.

[0043] <16> The evaporator according to <1> to <8> is a horizontal evaporator arranged in such a way that the axial direction of the cylindrical component is parallel to the horizontal direction.

[0044] <17> According to the evaporator of <16>, a partition plate is provided at a portion of the boundary between the evaporation zone and the heating zone, the partition plate being used to prevent the liquid from flowing from the evaporation zone into the heating zone.

[0045] <18> The evaporator according to <16> or <17>, wherein at least one selected from honeycomb structure, metal heat sink, mesh material and porous material is disposed in the evaporation region.

[0046] <19> An evaporator according to any one of <1> to <18>, wherein the liquid is water.

[0047] Invention Effects

[0048] According to the present invention, an evaporator that can stably generate steam, is easy to manufacture, has high durability and reliability, and can be miniaturized can be provided. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, parallel to the direction of flow of the heating medium.

[0050] Figure 2A It is a cross-sectional view of the honeycomb structure parallel to the direction in which the compartments extend.

[0051] Figure 2B yes Figure 2A A cross-sectional view of the honeycomb structure at line a-a'.

[0052] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator of Embodiment 2 of the present invention, parallel to the direction of flow of the heating medium.

[0053] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator of Embodiment 3 of the present invention, parallel to the direction of flow of the heating medium.

[0054] Figure 5A It is a cross-sectional view of a hollow honeycomb structure parallel to the direction of the cell extension.

[0055] Figure 5B yes Figure 5A A cross-sectional view of the hollow honeycomb structure at line b-b'.

[0056] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator of Embodiment 4 of the present invention, parallel to the direction of flow of the heating medium.

[0057] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the method of introducing the tube from the supply port.

[0058] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator of Embodiment 5 of the present invention, parallel to the direction of flow of the heating medium.

[0059] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator of Embodiment 6 of the present invention, parallel to the direction of flow of the heating medium.

[0060] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator of Embodiment 7 of the present invention, parallel to the direction of flow of the heating medium.

[0061] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator of Embodiment 8 of the present invention, parallel to the direction of flow of the heating medium. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The evaporator of the present invention comprises: a cylindrical component through which a heating medium can flow; a heat exchange structure disposed radially outside the cylindrical component; and a sheath component disposed radially outside the cylindrical component at intervals in a manner constituting a flow path for the liquid and its vapor, and having a liquid supply port and a vapor discharge port. By forming such a structure, the evaporator of the present invention can stably generate vapor, and is easy to manufacture, durable, reliable, and miniaturized. Specifically, the evaporator of the present invention can be miniaturized due to the high heat exchange efficiency between the heating medium and the liquid. Furthermore, the evaporator of the present invention has high pressure resistance because the components are arranged coaxially, and also high strength because it can be manufactured by welding, thus ensuring durability and reliability. In addition, the evaporator of the present invention has a simple structure and does not produce assembly errors, thus suppressing leakage of the heating medium and liquid. Moreover, the evaporator of the present invention has a flow path structure suitable for vapor generation, thus enabling stable vapor generation.

[0063] In this specification, "evaporator" refers to a device capable of vaporizing (evaporating) a liquid. Specifically, an evaporator is a device that allows heat exchange between a liquid and a heating medium, resulting in the liquid absorbing heat and vaporizing.

[0064] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Any appropriate modifications, improvements, etc., made to the following embodiments based on ordinary knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention also fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0065] <Implementation Method 1>

[0066] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, parallel to the direction of flow of the heating medium.

[0067] like Figure 1As shown, the evaporator of Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes a cylindrical component 10, heat exchange structures (a first heat exchange structure 20A, a second heat exchange structure 20B, and a third heat exchange structure 20C), and a sheath component 30. The cylindrical component 10 allows the heating medium M2 to flow through it. The first heat exchange structure 20A and the second heat exchange structure 20B are disposed radially inside the cylindrical component 10. Alternatively, the first heat exchange structure 20A and the second heat exchange structure 20B may be a single heat exchange structure that spans both the evaporation region R1 and the heating region R2. The third heat exchange structure 20C is disposed between the cylindrical component 10 and the sheath component 30 in the heating region R2. The sheath component 30 is disposed radially outside the cylindrical component 10 at intervals, forming a flow path for the liquid M1 and its vapor, and has a liquid M1 supply port 31 and a vapor discharge port 32. The flow path formed between the cylindrical component 10 and the sheath component 30 includes an evaporation region R1 for evaporating liquid M1 and a heating region R2 for heating vapor. Furthermore, the heat exchanger is a vertical evaporator arranged such that the axial direction of the cylindrical component 10 is parallel to the vertical direction, with the evaporation region R1 located below and the heating region R2 located above.

[0068] Here, in this specification, "evaporation region R1" refers to the flow path located radially outside the cylindrical member 10 where the first heat exchange structure 20A is disposed, corresponding to the upstream region of the flow path based on the flow direction of liquid M1 and vapor. Furthermore, "heating region R2" refers to the flow path located radially outside the cylindrical member 10 where the second heat exchange structure 20B is disposed, corresponding to the downstream region of the flow path based on the flow direction of liquid M1 and vapor.

[0069] In the evaporator of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, when liquid M1 is supplied from the supply port 31, the liquid M1 vaporizes (evaporates) in the evaporation zone R1 through heat exchange with the heating medium M2 flowing inside the cylindrical component 10. The vapor flows into the heating zone R2 and is heated, and is discharged from the outlet 32. Therefore, the evaporator can stably generate vapor. In addition, the evaporator has a simple structure consisting of the cylindrical component 10, heat exchange structures (first heat exchange structure 20A, second heat exchange structure 20B, and third heat exchange structure 20C), and sheath component 30, so it is easy to manufacture, durable and reliable, and easy to miniaturize.

[0070] The following is a detailed description of the structure of the evaporator.

[0071] (Cylindrical component 10)

[0072] The cylindrical component 10 allows the heating medium M2 to circulate within it. In addition, the cylindrical component 10 partially houses heat exchange structures (a first heat exchange structure 20A and a second heat exchange structure 20B) within it.

[0073] The diameter (outer and inner diameter) of the cylindrical component 10 may be the same throughout the axial direction, but may also be reduced or expanded at least in part (e.g., at both ends of the axial direction).

[0074] The material of the cylindrical component 10 is not particularly limited, but from a manufacturing point of view, metal is preferred. Furthermore, if the cylindrical component 10 is made of metal, it is also advantageous in terms of ease of welding to the sheath component 30 described later. For example, stainless steel, titanium alloy, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, and brass can be used as the material for the cylindrical component 10. Among these, stainless steel is preferred due to its high durability, reliability, and low cost.

[0075] The thickness of the cylindrical component 10 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 mm or more, more preferably 0.3 mm or more, and even more preferably 0.5 mm or more. By setting the thickness of the cylindrical component 10 to 0.1 mm or more, durability and reliability can be ensured. Furthermore, the thickness of the cylindrical component 10 is preferably 10 mm or less, more preferably 5 mm or less, and even more preferably 3 mm or less. By setting the thickness of the cylindrical component 10 to 10 mm or less, the evaporator can be made lighter and its heat recovery performance improved.

[0076] (Heat exchange structure)

[0077] The first heat exchange structure 20A and the second heat exchange structure 20B are disposed radially inside the cylindrical member 10. Specifically, the first heat exchange structure 20A is disposed radially inside the downstream side of the cylindrical member 10, based on the flow direction of the heating medium M2. Furthermore, the second heat exchange structure 20B is disposed radially inside the upstream side of the cylindrical member 10, based on the flow direction of the heating medium M2.

[0078] The third heat exchange structure 20C is disposed between the cylindrical component 10 and the sheath component 30 in the heating zone R2.

[0079] As for the first heat exchange structure 20A and the second heat exchange structure 20B, any structure capable of transferring heat from the heating medium M2 to the cylindrical member 10 is acceptable; there are no particular limitations, and various known structures can be used. Similarly, as for the third heat exchange structure 20C, any structure capable of heating steam using the heat transferred to the cylindrical member 10 is acceptable; there are no particular limitations, and various known structures can be used. For example, as for the first heat exchange structure 20A and the second heat exchange structure 20B, known heat exchangers with heat sinks or the like inside the cylindrical member 10 can be used. From the viewpoint of heat exchange efficiency, the first heat exchange structure 20A and the second heat exchange structure 20B are preferably honeycomb structures. Furthermore, as for the third heat exchange structure 20C, known heat exchangers with heat sinks or the like outside the cylindrical member 10 can be used. From the viewpoint of steam heating efficiency, the third heat exchange structure 20C is preferably a hollow honeycomb structure.

[0080] Here, a cross-sectional view of the honeycomb structure that can be used in the first heat exchange structure 20A and the second heat exchange structure 20B, parallel to the direction of compartment extension, is shown. Figure 2A ,Will Figure 2A A cross-sectional view (orthogonal to the direction of the cell extension) at line a-a' of the cellular structure is shown in Figure 2B .

[0081] like Figure 2A As shown, the honeycomb structure has an outer peripheral wall 21 and a partition wall 25 disposed on the inner side of the outer peripheral wall 21, dividing it into a plurality of compartments 24 extending from a first end face 22 to a second end face 23. The honeycomb structure is disposed radially inside the cylindrical member 10, and the heating medium M2 flows in the compartments 24 of the honeycomb structure. By using the honeycomb structure with such a structure as the first heat exchange structure 20A and the second heat exchange structure 20B, the heat of the heating medium M2 flowing in the compartments 24 can be efficiently transferred to the liquid M1 flowing on the outer periphery of the cylindrical member 10.

[0082] In addition, a cross-sectional view of the hollow honeycomb structure that can be used in the third heat exchange structure 20C, parallel to the direction of compartment extension, is shown. Figure 5A ,Will Figure 5A A cross-sectional view (orthogonal to the direction of the cell extension) at line b-b' of the hollow honeycomb structure is shown in Figure 5B .

[0083] like Figure 5AAs shown, the hollow honeycomb structure has: an outer peripheral wall 21; an inner peripheral wall 26; and partition walls 25 disposed between the outer peripheral wall 21 and the inner peripheral wall 26, dividing to form a plurality of compartments 24 extending from a first end face 22 to a second end face 23. The hollow honeycomb structure is disposed on the radially outer (external) side of the cylindrical component 10, and the heating medium M2 (steam) flows through the compartments 24 of the hollow honeycomb structure. By using the hollow honeycomb structure having the above structure as a third heat exchange structure 20C, steam can be heated efficiently.

[0084] The method for arranging the honeycomb structure in the cylindrical member 10 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the cylindrical member 10 is fitted into the outer peripheral wall 21 of the honeycomb structure. By using this fitting for fixation, the positional displacement of the honeycomb structure within the cylindrical member 10 can be suppressed. Furthermore, the method for arranging the hollow honeycomb structure between the cylindrical member 10 and the sheath member 30 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the cylindrical member 10 is fitted into the inner peripheral wall 26 of the hollow honeycomb structure, and the sheath member 30 is fitted into the outer peripheral wall 21 of the hollow honeycomb structure. By using this fitting for fixation, the positional displacement of the hollow honeycomb structure between the cylindrical member 10 and the sheath member 30 can be suppressed.

[0085] In this specification, "fitting" refers to fixing in a mutually fitted state. Therefore, in addition to fixing methods based on fit, interference fit, thermo-press fit, etc., fitting also includes situations where they are fixed together by brazing, welding, diffusion bonding, etc.

[0086] The shape (outer profile) of the honeycomb structure is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the shape of the cylindrical component 10. For example, in a cross-section orthogonal to the direction in which the compartment 24 extends, the shape (outer profile) of the honeycomb structure, except... Figure 2B Besides the circle shown, it can also be an ellipse, a quadrilateral, or other polygons.

[0087] The shape of the hollow honeycomb structure and the shape of the hollow portion are not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the shape of the cylindrical component 10 and the sheath component 30. For example, in a cross section orthogonal to the direction of extension of the compartment 24, the shape of the hollow honeycomb structure and the shape of the hollow portion, except for... Figure 5B Besides the circle shown, it can also be an ellipse, a quadrilateral, or other polygons.

[0088] The shape of compartment 24 is not particularly limited. In a cross section orthogonal to the direction in which compartment 24 extends, except for... Figure 2B Besides the quadrilateral shown, it can also be a circle, ellipse, triangle, hexagon or other polygons.

[0089] The outer peripheral wall 21 forms the outer surface of the honeycomb structure; therefore, from the viewpoint of improving resistance to external impacts, its thickness is preferably greater than that of the partition wall 25. Specifically, the thickness of the outer peripheral wall 21 is preferably 1.2 to 15 times the thickness of the partition wall 25, more preferably 1.5 to 10 times. By controlling the thickness of the outer peripheral wall 21 to such a degree, resistance to external impacts can be improved.

[0090] The thickness of the outer peripheral wall 21 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 10 mm, more preferably 0.5 to 5 mm, and even more preferably 1 to 3 mm.

[0091] The thickness of the partition 25 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.05 to 1.0 mm, more preferably 0.2 to 0.6 mm. By setting the thickness of the partition 25 to 0.05 mm or more, sufficient mechanical strength of the honeycomb structure can be achieved. In addition, by setting the thickness of the partition 25 to 1.0 mm or less, problems such as increased pressure loss due to the reduction of the opening area can be suppressed.

[0092] The diameter (outer diameter) of the honeycomb structure in the cross-section orthogonal to the direction extending from the compartment 24, and the outer peripheral wall 21 of the hollow honeycomb structure, is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 to 200 mm, more preferably 30 to 150 mm. By setting such a diameter, heat exchange efficiency can be improved. In addition, when the outer peripheral wall 21 is not circular, the diameter of the largest inscribed circle internally tangent to the cross-sectional shape of the outer peripheral wall 21 is set as the diameter of the outer peripheral wall 21.

[0093] In a cross-section of the honeycomb structure orthogonal to the direction in which the compartments 24 extend, partition 25 may have a first partition extending circumferentially and a second partition extending radially (e.g., see below). Figure 5B By forming such a structure, heat exchange between the heating medium M2 flowing in the compartment 24 and the liquid M1 flowing around the outer periphery of the cylindrical component 10 can be carried out efficiently, and the vaporization (evaporation) of the liquid M1 can be easily carried out.

[0094] The thickness of the inner peripheral wall 26 in the hollow honeycomb structure is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of ensuring resistance to thermal stress, it is preferably 0.1 mm to 10 mm, more preferably 0.5 mm to 5 mm, and even more preferably 1 mm to 3 mm.

[0095] Furthermore, the diameter (inner diameter) of the inner peripheral wall 26 of the hollow honeycomb structure in the cross-section orthogonal to the direction of extension of the compartment 24 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 50 mm, more preferably 2 to 30 mm. When the cross-sectional shape of the inner peripheral wall 26 is not circular, the diameter of the largest inscribed circle that is internally tangent to the cross-sectional shape of the inner peripheral wall 26 is set as the diameter of the inner peripheral wall 26.

[0096] The honeycomb structure (outer peripheral wall 21 and partition wall 25) and the hollow honeycomb structure (outer peripheral wall 21, partition wall 25 and inner peripheral wall 26) are preferably composed mainly of ceramic. "Combined with ceramic" means that ceramic accounts for more than 50% of the total mass of the components. By using ceramic, it is possible to achieve lightweight while suppressing rust and deformation.

[0097] As a ceramic, there are no particular limitations, but silicon carbide (SiC) is preferred as the main component. Examples of ceramics with silicon carbide (SiC) as the main component include Si-impregnated SiC, (Si+Al)-impregnated SiC, metal composite SiC, recrystallized SiC, Si3N4, and SiC. Among these, from the viewpoint of being able to be manufactured inexpensively and having high thermal conductivity, Si-impregnated SiC and (Si+Al)-impregnated SiC are preferred.

[0098] The cell density (i.e., the number of cells 24 per unit area) of the honeycomb structure and hollow honeycomb structure in the cross section orthogonal to the direction in which the cells 24 extend is not particularly limited, but is preferably 4 to 320 cells / cm². 2 By setting the compartment density to 4 compartments / cm² 2 The above ensures sufficient strength of the partition wall 25, thereby ensuring the strength and effective GSA (geometric surface area) of the honeycomb structure and the hollow honeycomb structure. Furthermore, by setting the cell density to 320 cells / cm²... 2 The following measures can suppress the increase in pressure loss during the flow of heating medium M2 and steam.

[0099] The isostatic compressive strength of the honeycomb structure and the hollow honeycomb structure is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 MPa or more, more preferably 150 MPa or more, and even more preferably 200 MPa or more. By setting the isostatic compressive strength of the honeycomb structure and the hollow honeycomb structure to 100 MPa or more, the durability of the honeycomb structure and the hollow honeycomb structure can be improved.

[0100] Here, the "isostatic compressive strength" in this specification can be determined according to the method for determining isostatic compressive strength specified in the automotive standard JASO M 505-87 issued by the China Automotive Technology and Research Center.

[0101] There is no particular limitation on the thermal conductivity of honeycomb structures and hollow honeycomb structures; it is generally within the range of 25. o The thermal conductivity of C is preferably 50 W / (m·K) or higher, more preferably 100 to 300 W / (m·K), and even more preferably 120 to 300 W / (m·K). By setting the thermal conductivity of the honeycomb structure and the hollow honeycomb structure to such a range, the heat of the heating medium M2 can be efficiently transferred to the liquid M1, and the vaporization (evaporation) of the liquid M1 can be promoted.

[0102] Here, “thermal conductivity” in this specification refers to the value measured by laser flash method (JISR 1611:1997).

[0103] (Manufacturing method of honeycomb structure and hollow honeycomb structure)

[0104] Cellular structures and hollow cellular structures can be manufactured according to methods known in the art. For example, cellular structures and hollow cellular structures can be manufactured according to the methods described below.

[0105] First, a blank containing ceramic powder is extruded into the desired shape to produce a honeycomb or hollow honeycomb body. At this time, by selecting an appropriate die and fixture, the thickness of the outer peripheral wall 21, the partition wall 25, and the inner peripheral wall 26, the shape of the compartments 24, and the compartment density can be controlled. For example, in manufacturing a honeycomb or hollow honeycomb body with Si impregnated SiC composite material as the main component, a binder and water or organic solvent can be added to a predetermined amount of SiC powder, the resulting mixture can be kneaded to form a blank, and then shaped to obtain a honeycomb body of the desired shape.

[0106] Next, in a depressurized inert gas or vacuum, metallic Si is impregnated and sintered in a honeycomb molded body or a hollow honeycomb molded body, thereby obtaining a honeycomb structure or a hollow honeycomb structure.

[0107] (Sheath component 30)

[0108] The sheathing components 30 are arranged radially outside the cylindrical component 10 at intervals in a manner that forms the flow path of the liquid M1.

[0109] Preferably, the axial direction of the sheath component 30 is aligned with the axial direction of the cylindrical component 10 and the heat exchange structure, and the central axis of the sheath component 30 is aligned with the central axis of the cylindrical component 10 and the heat exchange structure.

[0110] The sheath component 30 has a liquid supply port 31 for liquid M1 and a vapor outlet 32. The supply port 31 is located in the evaporation zone R1, and the outlet 32 ​​is located in the heating zone R2. In particular, from the viewpoint of fully evaporating the liquid M1, the supply port 31 is preferably located upstream in the evaporation zone R1 based on the flow direction of the liquid M1 and the vapor. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of fully heating the vapor, the outlet 32 ​​is preferably located downstream in the heating zone R2 based on the flow direction of the liquid M1 and the vapor.

[0111] The sheath component 30 is preferably configured such that, with the flow direction of liquid M1 and vapor as a reference, the inner circumferential surfaces of the upstream end and the downstream end are in direct or indirect contact with the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical component 10.

[0112] There are no particular limitations on the method of fixing the inner circumferential surfaces of the upstream and downstream ends of the sheath component 30 to the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical component 10. In addition to fixing methods based on fitting such as clearance fit, interference fit, and thermo-press fit, brazing, welding, diffusion bonding, etc., can also be used.

[0113] The diameter (outer and inner diameter) of the sheath component 30 may be the same throughout the axial direction, but may also be reduced or expanded at least in part (e.g., the central part of the axial direction, the two ends of the axial direction, etc.).

[0114] The material of the sheath component 30 is not particularly limited, and the same materials as those described for the material of the cylindrical component 10 can be listed.

[0115] The thickness of the sheath component 30 is not particularly limited, and the same thicknesses as those described regarding the thickness of the cylindrical component 10 can be listed.

[0116] (Evaporator manufacturing method)

[0117] The evaporator of Embodiment 1 of the present invention can be manufactured using the aforementioned components according to methods known in the art. For example, the evaporator can be manufactured according to the method described below.

[0118] First, the first heat exchange structure 20A and the second heat exchange structure 20B are inserted into the cylindrical component 10 and fixed in a predetermined position. Next, the third heat exchange structure 20C and the sheath component 30 are arranged and fixed on the radially outer side of the cylindrical component 10.

[0119] Furthermore, the configuration and fixing order of the components are not limited to those described above, and can be appropriately modified within the scope of manufacturability. Additionally, the fixing method described above can be used.

[0120] (How to use the evaporator)

[0121] In the evaporator of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, liquid M1 is supplied from the supply port 31 of the sheath member 30. The liquid M1 supplied to the evaporation zone R1 vaporizes (evaporates) by exchanging heat with the heating medium M2 through the first heat exchange structure 20A inside the cylindrical member 10. The steam generated in the evaporation zone R1 flows into the heating zone R2. In the heating zone R2, the heat after exchanging heat with the heating medium M2 through the second heat exchange structure 20B inside the cylindrical member 10 is transferred to the third heat exchange structure 20C via the cylindrical member 10. The third heat exchange structure 20C has a large heat transfer surface, thus enabling efficient heating of the steam. Afterward, the heated steam is discharged from the outlet 32. The discharged steam is supplied to a predetermined location and utilized through piping or the like connected to the outlet 32.

[0122] The liquid M1 used in the evaporator can be selected appropriately according to the purpose of the evaporator, without any particular limitation. In the case of an evaporator used to generate water vapor, liquid M1 is water.

[0123] The heating medium M2 used in the evaporator is not particularly limited and can be either liquid or gaseous. For example, exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine can be used as the heating medium M2.

[0124] The flow direction of heating medium M2 and the flow direction of liquid M1 and its vapor are not particularly limited. From the point of view of heat exchange efficiency, such as Figure 1 As shown, the preferred flow direction of the heating medium M2 is opposite to the flow direction of the liquid M1 and its vapor.

[0125] Furthermore, when the flow direction of heating medium M2 is the same as the flow direction of liquid M1 and its vapor, in Figure 1 In the evaporator, the positions of the supply port 31 and the discharge port 32 of the sheath component 30 can be reversed.

[0126] <Implementation Method 2>

[0127] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, parallel to the direction of flow of the heating medium. Furthermore, constituent elements having the same symbols as those appearing in the description of the evaporator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention are the same as the constituent elements of the evaporator according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Therefore, detailed descriptions of the same constituent elements are omitted, and descriptions of different constituent elements are provided.

[0128] like Figure 3As shown, the evaporator of Embodiment 2 of the present invention includes: an evaporation structural element 40, which includes a cylindrical member 10, a first heat exchange structure 20A, and a sheath member 30 having a liquid supply port 31; and a heating structural element 41, which includes the cylindrical member 10, a sheath member 30 having a vapor outlet 32, a second heat exchange structure 20B, and a third heat exchange structure 20C. The evaporation structural element 40 and the heating structural element 41 are directly connected. Alternatively, the evaporation structural element 40 and the heating structural element 41 may be indirectly connected via other components such as a connecting member.

[0129] The evaporator of Embodiment 2 of the present invention is equivalent to an evaporator formed by separately manufacturing and joining the portion containing the evaporation region R1 (evaporation structural element 40) and the portion containing the heating region R2 (heating structural element 41) in the heat exchanger of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Therefore, the evaporator of Embodiment 2 of the present invention can be manufactured by manufacturing the evaporation structural element 40 and the heating structural element 41 according to the manufacturing method of the evaporator of Embodiment 1 of the present invention and joining them directly or indirectly. As for the joining method, there is no particular limitation, and known methods such as welding can be used.

[0130] Therefore, the evaporator of Embodiment 2 of the present invention is identical to the evaporator of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, except that the evaporation structure element 40 and the heating structure element 41 are manufactured separately. Thus, it can be used in the same way as the evaporator of Embodiment 1 of the present invention and achieves the same effects. That is, the evaporator of Embodiment 2 of the present invention can stably generate steam, is easy to manufacture, has high durability and reliability, and is easily miniaturized.

[0131] <Implementation Method 3>

[0132] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, parallel to the direction of flow of the heating medium. It should be noted that constituent elements having the same symbols as those appearing in the description of the evaporators of Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention are the same as the constituent elements of the evaporator of Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Therefore, detailed descriptions of the same constituent elements are omitted, and descriptions of different constituent elements are provided.

[0133] like Figure 4 As shown, the evaporator of Embodiment 3 of the present invention has a hollow first heat exchange structure 20A. This first heat exchange structure 20A has a cavity in its center in a cross-section orthogonal to the direction of flow of the heating medium M2, and a blocking member 50 is disposed in the hollow portion. A hollow honeycomb structure can be used as the first heat exchange structure 20A described above.

[0134] Here, a cross-sectional view of the hollow honeycomb structure parallel to the direction of the cell extension is shown. Figure 5A ,Will Figure 5A A cross-sectional view (orthogonal to the direction of the cell extension) at line b-b' of the hollow honeycomb structure is shown in Figure 5B .

[0135] like Figure 5A As shown, the hollow honeycomb structure has: an outer peripheral wall 21; an inner peripheral wall 26; and partition walls 25 disposed between the outer peripheral wall 21 and the inner peripheral wall 26, dividing to form a plurality of compartments 24 extending from a first end face 22 to a second end face 23. The hollow honeycomb structure is disposed radially inside the cylindrical member 10, and the heating medium M2 flows through the compartments 24 of the hollow honeycomb structure. In addition, a blocking member 50 for preventing the heating medium M2 from flowing in is disposed on the inner side of the inner peripheral wall 26 of the hollow honeycomb structure. By arranging the hollow honeycomb structure and the blocking member 50 inside the cylindrical member 10, the heat transfer distance of the heating medium M2 is shortened, thus enabling the heat of the heating medium M2 to be transferred more efficiently to the liquid M1 flowing around the outer periphery of the cylindrical member 10.

[0136] It should be noted that details regarding the hollow honeycomb structure are as described above, and therefore their description is omitted.

[0137] As for the blocking component 50, there are no particular limitations as long as it can prevent the inflow of the heating medium M2. Since the blocking component 50 is exposed to the heating medium M2, it is preferable to have resistance to the heating medium M2. The blocking component 50 can be formed of, for example, ceramic, glass, metal, etc.

[0138] The position of the blocking component 50 is not particularly limited as long as it can prevent the heating medium M2 from flowing into the hollow part (the inner area of ​​the inner peripheral wall 26), but it is preferable to be arranged on the upstream side based on the flow direction of the heating medium M2.

[0139] There are no particular limitations on the method of fixing the blocking component 50. In addition to fixing methods based on interlocking such as clearance fit, interference fit, and thermo-press fit, brazing, welding, diffusion bonding, etc. can also be used.

[0140] In the above description, the features of the evaporator of Embodiment 3 of the present invention were described based on the evaporator of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. However, the features of the evaporator of Embodiment 3 of the present invention can also achieve the same effect when applied to the evaporator of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0141] <Implementation Method 4>

[0142] Figure 6This is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention, parallel to the direction of flow of the heating medium. It should be noted that constituent elements having the same symbols as those appearing in the description of the evaporators of Embodiments 1-3 of the present invention are the same as the constituent elements of the evaporator of Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Therefore, detailed descriptions of the same constituent elements are omitted, and descriptions of different constituent elements are provided.

[0143] The evaporator of Embodiment 4 of the present invention is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the sheath component 30 also has a gas supply port 33 for gas M3. By supplying gas M3 from the supply port 33, the liquid M1 supplied from the supply port 31 is stirred, thus facilitating the vaporization (evaporation) of the liquid M1.

[0144] Since the gas M3 supply port 33 needs to agitate the liquid M1, it is located in the evaporation zone R1 in the same manner as the liquid M1 supply port 31. In particular, from the viewpoint of promoting vaporization (evaporation) by sufficiently agitating the liquid M1, the gas M3 supply port 33 is preferably located on the upstream side of the evaporation zone R1 based on the flow direction of the liquid M1 and the vapor.

[0145] There are no particular limitations on the method of supplying gas M3 from supply port 33, such as... Figure 7 As shown, a pipe 60 with multiple nozzles 61, arranged radially outside the cylindrical component 10 within the flow path between the cylindrical component 10 and the sheath component 30, is introduced from the gas supply port 33 and gas M3 is ejected from the nozzles 61. By ejecting gas M3 through such a pipe 60, gas M3 can be supplied to the entire flow path between the cylindrical component 10 and the sheath component 30, thus improving the stirring effect of liquid M1.

[0146] also, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the method of introducing the pipe from the supply port 33 (a cross-sectional view of the evaporation zone R1 viewed from the downstream side with reference to the flow direction of liquid M1 and vapor, and orthogonal to the flow direction of the heating medium of the evaporator).

[0147] There are no particular limitations on the gas M3 supplied from the supply port 33; various gases can be used. For example, air can be used as gas M3.

[0148] The evaporator of Embodiment 4 of the present invention can be manufactured in the same manner as the evaporator of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, except that a gas supply port 33 for gas M3 is provided in the sheath member 30. In addition, when the tube 60 is introduced into the supply port 33, the sheath member 30 for introducing the tube 60 into the supply port 33 is manufactured and combined with other components.

[0149] In the above description, the features of the evaporator of Embodiment 4 of the present invention were described based on the evaporator of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. However, the features of the evaporator of Embodiment 4 of the present invention can also achieve the same effects when applied to the evaporators of Embodiments 2 and 3 of the present invention.

[0150] <Implementation Method 5>

[0151] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention, parallel to the direction of flow of the heating medium. It should be noted that constituent elements having the same symbols as those appearing in the description of the evaporators of Embodiments 1-4 of the present invention are the same as the constituent elements of the evaporator of Embodiment 5 of the present invention. Therefore, detailed descriptions of the same constituent elements are omitted, and descriptions of different constituent elements are provided.

[0152] like Figure 8 As shown, the evaporator of Embodiment 5 of the present invention is a vertical evaporator with the axial direction of the cylindrical member 10 parallel to the vertical direction, with the evaporation zone R1 located above and the heating zone R2 located below. Furthermore, a holding member 70 is provided in the evaporation zone R1. By forming this structure, since the liquid M1 supplied from the supply port 31 is easily held in the evaporation zone R1 by the holding member 70 until it vaporizes, steam can be stably generated.

[0153] The retaining component 70 is not particularly limited, but is preferably selected from at least one of a honeycomb structure, a metal heat sink, a mesh material, and a porous material. Such a component can stably retain the liquid M1 until it vaporizes (evaporates). It should be noted that in this specification, "porous material" refers to a material having pores. These pores can be open or closed. The porosity is not particularly limited, but is preferably 30% or more, more preferably 40% or more, and even more preferably 50% or more. The porosity is determined according to JISR 1655:2003 by mercury porosimetry.

[0154] There are no particular limitations on the use of honeycomb structures, metal heat sinks, mesh materials, and porous materials; any known materials composed of various materials can be used.

[0155] The evaporator of Embodiment 5 of the present invention can be manufactured in the same manner as the evaporator of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, except that the holding member 70 is disposed in the evaporation region R1. There is no particular limitation on the timing of disposing of the holding member 70 in the evaporation region R1; it can be done whenever it is convenient to dispose of the holding member 70 in the evaporation region R1.

[0156] In the above description, the features of the evaporator of Embodiment 5 of the present invention were described based on the evaporator of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. However, the features of the evaporator of Embodiment 5 of the present invention can also achieve the same effects when applied to the evaporators of Embodiments 2 and 3 of the present invention.

[0157] <Implementation Method 6>

[0158] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention, parallel to the direction of flow of the heating medium. It should be noted that constituent elements having the same symbols as those appearing in the description of the evaporators of Embodiments 1-5 of the present invention are the same as the constituent elements of the evaporator of Embodiment 6 of the present invention. Therefore, detailed descriptions of the same constituent elements are omitted, and descriptions of different constituent elements are provided.

[0159] like Figure 9 As shown, the evaporator of Embodiment 6 of the present invention is a vertical evaporator arranged with the axial direction of the cylindrical member 10 parallel to the vertical direction, with the evaporation zone R1 located above and the heating zone R2 located below. Furthermore, a holding member 70 is arranged in the evaporation zone R1. With this structure, the liquid M1 supplied from the supply port 31 is easily held in the evaporation zone R1 by the holding member 70 until it vaporizes (evaporates), thus enabling stable vapor generation. In addition, a pipe 60 with multiple nozzles 61, arranged radially outside the cylindrical member 10 within the flow path between the cylindrical member 10 and the sheath member 30, is introduced from the liquid M1 supply port 31. Liquid M1 can be ejected from the nozzles 61. By ejecting liquid M1 through such a pipe 60, liquid M1 can be supplied to the entire flow path between the cylindrical member 10 and the sheath member 30, thus facilitating the vaporization (evaporation) of liquid M1. Furthermore, the method of introducing this pipe 60 is the same as that of the evaporator of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0160] The evaporator of Embodiment 6 of the present invention, except that the holding member 70 is arranged in the evaporation zone R1 and the tube 60 is introduced into the supply port 31, can be manufactured in the same way as the evaporator of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. When the tube 60 is introduced into the supply port 31, a sheath member 30 for introducing the tube 60 into the supply port 31 is manufactured and combined with other members.

[0161] In the above description, the features of the evaporator of Embodiment 6 of the present invention were described based on the evaporator of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. However, the features of the evaporator of Embodiment 6 of the present invention can also achieve the same effects when applied to the evaporators of Embodiments 2 and 3 of the present invention.

[0162] <Example 7>

[0163] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention, parallel to the direction of flow of the heating medium. It should be noted that constituent elements having the same symbols as those appearing in the description of the evaporators of Embodiments 1 to 6 of the present invention are the same as the constituent elements of the evaporator of Embodiment 7 of the present invention. Therefore, detailed descriptions of the same constituent elements are omitted, and descriptions of different constituent elements are provided.

[0164] like Figure 10 As shown, the evaporator of Embodiment 7 of the present invention is a horizontal evaporator in which the axial direction of the cylindrical component 10 is parallel to the horizontal direction. Furthermore, a partition plate 80 is provided at a portion of the boundary between the evaporation zone R1 and the heating zone R2 to prevent liquid M1 from flowing from the evaporation zone R1 into the heating zone R2. By providing such a partition plate 80, it is possible to prevent liquid M1 from flowing into the heating zone R2 in a liquid state, and to ensure that liquid M1 is fully vaporized (evaporated) in the evaporation zone R1, thereby increasing the amount of steam generated.

[0165] The partition plate 80 can be positioned within the flow path at the boundary between the evaporation zone R1 and the heating zone R2, without any particular limitation. Furthermore, it is preferable that the partition plate 80 has a shape capable of completely blocking the flow path on the lower side while opening a portion of the flow path on the upper side. Examples of such shapes include... Figure 10 As shown, the ring has a notch formed on the upper side. By forming the partition plate 80 in such a shape, it is possible to prevent the liquid M1 accumulated in the evaporation zone R1 from flowing into the heating zone R2 in a liquid state, and to allow the liquid M1 evaporating in the evaporation zone R1 to flow into the heating zone R2 through the open flow path on the upper side.

[0166] There are no particular restrictions on the material of the partition 80; ceramic, glass, metal, etc., can be used.

[0167] The evaporator of Embodiment 7 of the present invention can be manufactured in the same manner as the evaporator of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, except that a partition plate 80 is provided at a portion of the boundary between the evaporation region R1 and the heating region R2. For example, if the partition plate 80 is provided on the outer surface of the cylindrical member 10, it is sufficient to pre-provide the partition plate 80 on the outer surface of the cylindrical member 10 and combine it with other members. Similarly, if the partition plate 80 is provided on the inner surface of the sheath member 30, it is sufficient to pre-provide the partition plate 80 on the inner surface of the sheath member 30 and combine it with other members.

[0168] In the above description, the features of the evaporator of Embodiment 7 of the present invention were described based on the evaporator of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. However, the features of the evaporator of Embodiment 7 of the present invention can also achieve the same effects when applied to the evaporators of Embodiments 2 to 4 of the present invention.

[0169] <Example 8>

[0170] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention, parallel to the direction of flow of the heating medium. It should be noted that constituent elements having the same symbols as those appearing in the description of the evaporators of Embodiments 1 to 7 of the present invention are the same as the constituent elements of the evaporator of Embodiment 8 of the present invention. Therefore, detailed descriptions of the same constituent elements are omitted, and descriptions of different constituent elements are provided.

[0171] like Figure 11 As shown, the evaporator of Embodiment 8 of the present invention is a horizontal evaporator with the axial direction of the cylindrical component 10 parallel to the horizontal direction. Furthermore, a holding component 70 is provided in the evaporation zone R1. By forming this structure, since the liquid M1 supplied from the supply port 31 is easily held in the evaporation zone R1 by the holding component 70 until it vaporizes (evaporates), steam can be generated stably.

[0172] The retaining component 70 is not particularly limited, but is preferably selected from at least one of a honeycomb structure, a metal heat sink, a mesh material, and a porous body. If such a component is used, it can be stably retained until the liquid M1 vaporizes (evaporates).

[0173] There are no particular limitations on the use of honeycomb structures, metal heat sinks, mesh materials, and porous materials; any known materials composed of various materials can be used.

[0174] The evaporator of Embodiment 8 of the present invention can be manufactured in the same manner as the evaporator of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, except that the holding member 70 is disposed in the evaporation region R1. There is no particular limitation on the timing of disposing of the holding member 70 in the evaporation region R1; it can be done at a time when it is easy to dispose of the holding member 70 in the evaporation region R1.

[0175] In the above description, the features of the evaporator of Embodiment 8 of the present invention were described based on the evaporator of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. However, the features of the evaporator of Embodiment 8 of the present invention can also achieve the same effects when applied to the evaporators of Embodiments 2 and 3 of the present invention.

[0176] Symbol Explanation

[0177] 10—Cylindrical component; 20A—First heat exchange structure; 20B—Second heat exchange structure; 20C—Third heat exchange structure; 21—Outer peripheral wall; 22—First end face; 23—Second end face; 24—Compartment; 25—Blocker wall; 26—Inner peripheral wall; 30—Sheath component; 31—Supply port; 32—Discharge port; 33—Supply port; 40—Evaporation structure element; 41—Heating structure element; 50—Blocking component; 60—Pipe; 61—Spray port; 70—Holding component; 80—Divider plate; M1—Liquid; M2—Heating medium; M3—Gas; R1—Evaporation zone; R2—Heating zone.

Claims

1. An evaporator, characterized in that, have: A cylindrical component through which the heating medium can flow; A heat exchange structure disposed radially inside the cylindrical component; and A sheath component is arranged radially outward of the cylindrical component at intervals in a manner that forms a flow path for the liquid and its vapor, and has a supply port for the liquid and an outlet for the vapor.

2. The evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow path includes an evaporation zone for evaporating the liquid and a heating zone for heating the vapor.

3. The evaporator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The evaporator includes: An evaporation structural element includes the cylindrical component, a first heat exchange structure disposed radially inside the cylindrical component, and the sheath component having a supply port for the liquid. as well as The heating structural elements include the cylindrical component, a second heat exchange structure disposed radially inside the cylindrical component, the sheath component having the steam outlet, and a third heat exchange structure disposed between the cylindrical component and the sheath component. The evaporation structural element is directly or indirectly connected to the heating structural element.

4. The evaporator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The heat exchange structure is a honeycomb structure with an outer peripheral wall and partitions. The partitions are disposed on the inner side of the outer peripheral wall and divide the structure into multiple compartments extending from a first end face to a second end face. The heating medium can circulate within the compartments of the honeycomb structure.

5. The evaporator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The heat exchange structure is a hollow honeycomb structure with an outer peripheral wall, an inner peripheral wall, and a partition wall. The partition wall is disposed between the outer peripheral wall and the inner peripheral wall and divides the space into multiple compartments extending from a first end face to a second end face. The heating medium can circulate within the compartments of the hollow honeycomb structure.

6. The evaporator according to claim 5, characterized in that, A blocking component is provided on the inner side of the inner peripheral wall to prevent the heating medium from flowing in.

7. The evaporator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first and second heat exchange structures are either honeycomb structures or hollow honeycomb structures. The honeycomb structure has an outer peripheral wall and partitions, with the partitions disposed on the inner side of the outer peripheral wall and dividing it into multiple compartments extending from a first end face to a second end face. The hollow honeycomb structure has an outer peripheral wall, an inner peripheral wall, and partitions, with the partitions disposed between the outer and inner peripheral walls and dividing it into multiple compartments extending from a first end face to a second end face. The heating medium can flow within the compartments of the honeycomb structure or the hollow honeycomb structure. The third heat exchange structure is a hollow honeycomb structure having an outer peripheral wall, an inner peripheral wall, and a partition wall. The partition wall is disposed between the outer peripheral wall and the inner peripheral wall and divides into multiple compartments extending from the first end face to the second end face, and the vapor can flow in the compartments of the hollow honeycomb structure.

8. The evaporator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The flow direction of the heating medium is opposite to the flow direction of the liquid and its vapor.

9. The evaporator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The evaporator is a vertical evaporator configured such that the axial direction of the cylindrical component is parallel to the vertical direction.

10. The evaporator according to claim 9, characterized in that, The evaporation zone is located below, and the heating zone is located above.

11. The evaporator according to claim 10, characterized in that, The sheath component also has a gas supply port.

12. The evaporator according to claim 11, characterized in that, A tube with multiple nozzles is introduced from the gas supply port into a flow path between the cylindrical member and the sheath member in a manner that covers the radially outer side of the cylindrical member, and the gas can be ejected from the nozzles.

13. The evaporator according to claim 9, characterized in that, The evaporation zone is located above, and the heating zone is located below.

14. The evaporator according to claim 13, characterized in that, The evaporation region is provided with at least one selected from honeycomb structures, metal heat sinks, mesh materials, and porous materials.

15. The evaporator according to claim 13, characterized in that, A tube with multiple nozzles is introduced from the liquid supply port and disposed in a flow path between the cylindrical component and the sheath component in a manner that covers the radially outer side of the cylindrical component, and the liquid is able to be ejected from the nozzles.

16. The evaporator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The evaporator is a horizontal evaporator arranged with the axial direction of the cylindrical component parallel to the horizontal direction.

17. The evaporator according to claim 16, characterized in that, A partition plate is provided at a portion of the boundary between the evaporation zone and the heating zone to prevent the liquid from flowing from the evaporation zone into the heating zone.

18. The evaporator according to claim 16, characterized in that, The evaporation region is provided with at least one selected from honeycomb structures, metal heat sinks, mesh materials, and porous materials.

19. The evaporator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The liquid is water.

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