A plastic rice flame retardant detection device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of plastic rice flame-retardant detection devices, belong to testing device technical field, to the problem of existing technology in plastic rice flame-retardant test is not good simultaneously test multiple data, a kind of plastic rice flame-retardant detection device of the application, by structure integration and innovation, solve the problem of traditional test function single and measurement interference. The turnover weighing mechanism of the outer side of box can automatically turn over to avoid fire when spraying fire, isolate high-temperature interference physically, and ensure accurate weighing. The smoke density tank integrated in the exhaust path can measure the smoke optical parameters in real time online. The camera and the lighting lamp cooperate to realize the visual recording of the combustion process. The adjustable support rod makes the angle of the combustion nozzle flexible and adaptable to different standards. The sample bottle at the end of the tail gas path and the switch valve design facilitate sampling analysis while processing tail gas. The exhaust fan provides stable power for the flow of flue gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of testing device technology, specifically relating to a device for testing the flame retardancy of plastic rice. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of flame retardant performance evaluation of plastic materials, traditional testing methods and devices suffer from limitations such as single functionality and fragmented data. Conventional devices often focus on measuring a specific indicator. For example, vertical combustion analyzers are mainly used to assess flame spread time and dripping, while smoke density testing requires separate optical equipment. These two methods cannot be performed simultaneously under the same controlled conditions and time series. This separate testing mode results in data for different performance parameters (such as combustion behavior, smoke characteristics, and mass loss) originating from different experiments, leading to errors due to inconsistent sample conditions and environmental factors. This fails to accurately reflect the material's comprehensive flame retardant performance in a single combustion event. Furthermore, functions such as visual recording and quantitative analysis of the combustion process, accurate weighing of mass under high-temperature conditions, and convenient sampling of exhaust gas components are often missing in existing devices or require complex external equipment for temporary setup, making operation cumbersome and lacking in systematic integration. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive testing device that integrates multiple functions such as combustion testing, smoke monitoring, process recording, accurate weighing, and exhaust gas treatment to obtain multi-dimensional, synchronous, and accurate flame retardant performance data in a single test.

[0003] The present invention aims to mitigate or at least alleviate the above-mentioned problems or defects by providing a device for testing the flame retardancy of plastic rice. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a plastic rice flame retardancy testing device, which has the advantage of being able to perform multiple data measurements simultaneously.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a device for testing the flame retardancy of plastic rice, comprising: The test box is located above the support, and the control box is located outside the test box, the combustion nozzle is located inside the test box, the clamp is located inside the test box, the smoke density box is connected to the test box, and the camera and temperature and smoke sensor are located inside the test box. In addition, a weighing module is provided at the bottom of the test chamber, which is used to detect the mass of the plastic rice before and after combustion.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the weighing module includes a temperature sensor, a flipping mechanism, and a pallet weighing instrument. The temperature sensor is disposed on the outside of the test box and is signal-connected to the control box. The flipping mechanism includes a drive device, a transmission belt, a rotating shaft, and a flipping plate arranged in sequence. The drive device is connected to the control box and drives the transmission belt to rotate the rotating shaft. The flipping plate is fixed on the rotating shaft. The pallet weighing instrument is fixedly installed on the flip plate.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the weighing protection mechanism also includes a collection trough disposed below the flip plate.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the flipping mechanism further includes a fixing plate for supporting the rotating shaft, the fixing plate being disposed on the bracket.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, it also includes an exhaust gas treatment and sample retention device disposed on the top of the test chamber, the exhaust gas treatment and sample retention device being connected to the outlet of the smoke density box through a sample retention tube and including a sample retention bottle.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the sample retention tube is provided with a switching valve.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, it also includes an exhaust fan, which is disposed on the exhaust pipe of the test chamber.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the combustion nozzle is mounted by an adjustable support rod, the adjustable support rod is fixed in the test box by a support column, and the angle of the adjustable support rod is adjusted and locked by a connecting shaft.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, a lighting lamp is also provided next to the camera.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, a laser photometer is provided inside the smoke density box.

[0015] In summary, the beneficial effects of the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention compared with the prior art include: This invention discloses a flame retardancy testing device for plastic rice. Through its integrated structural design, it effectively solves the problems of limited functionality and measurement interference in traditional testing methods. A tilting weighing mechanism, located on the outside of the chamber and triggered by a temperature sensor, allows the high-precision pallet weigher and its sample to automatically tilt and avoid direct flame exposure during combustion, physically isolating it from high-temperature heat radiation and airflow disturbance, ensuring the accuracy of mass loss data measurement and the durability of the equipment. A smoke density chamber integrated into the exhaust path uses a laser photometer to perform real-time online measurement of the flowing smoke, providing objective and quantitative smoke optical parameters for flame retardancy performance evaluation. The combination of a camera and lighting allows for visual recording and retrospective analysis of the combustion process. An adjustable support rod allows the angle of the combustion nozzle to flexibly adapt to different testing standards. The design of a sample bottle and switching valve at the end of the exhaust path allows for convenient acquisition of gas samples for subsequent in-depth component analysis while the exhaust gas is being treated. An exhaust fan provides stable power for the entire smoke flow, ensuring the smooth operation of smoke density measurement and exhaust gas treatment. Each module is centrally controlled and coordinated through a control box, forming a detection system that can automatically and continuously complete the entire process from ignition, observation, measurement to weighing and exhaust gas treatment, significantly improving testing efficiency, data consistency and reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a flame retardancy testing device for plastic rice according to the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure at point B; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the weighing module structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the liquefied gas cylinder setup of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the test chamber of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure at point C; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the top internal structure of the test chamber of the present invention.

[0017] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, specifically: Test chamber 1; Feeding gate 11; Temperature sensor 12; Control box 13; Exhaust fan 14; 15. Support tube; 16. Exhaust pipe; 17. Sample retention tube; 18. Sample retention bottle; 19. Smoke density box; 2. Test chamber interior; 21. Telescopic rod; 22. Clamp; 23. Pallet weighing instrument; 24. Support column; 25. Liquefied petroleum gas cylinder; 26. Combustion nozzle; 27. Electric ignition device; 28. Temperature and smoke sensor; 29. ​​Liquefied petroleum gas pipe; Tilting mechanism 3; fixed plate 31; drive device 32; rotating shaft 33; transmission belt 34; 35; 36; 4; 4; 41; 42; 42; Camera 5; Lighting 6. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The terms “comprising,” “including,” etc., as used herein indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

[0020] All terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein are to be interpreted in a manner consistent with the context of this specification, and not in an idealized or overly rigid way.

[0021] like Figure 1-8 As shown, the main body of the device consists of a test chamber 1 and a control box 13 located on its outside. The test chamber 1 is supported by a bracket 4. The front of the test chamber 1 has a feeding door 11, and most other components are located inside the test chamber 2.

[0022] First, the plastic pellet to be tested is clamped by clamp 22 and adjusted to a suitable position by controlling the telescopic rod 21. The telescopic rod 21 can be electrically or manually controlled to extend or retract as needed, which is existing technology.

[0023] Secondly, the combustion nozzle 26 used for the flame retardant test is aimed at the plastic pellet to be tested. Gas from the liquefied petroleum gas cylinder 25 is delivered to the combustion nozzle 26 via the liquefied petroleum gas pipe 29 and then ejected. The combustion nozzle 26 can be controlled by a switch to open and close the gas injection; this is existing technology. An electric igniter 27 ignites the gas, allowing it to form a flame after being ejected.

[0024] The intelligent weighing protection module operates as follows: The weighing module is located at the bottom of the test chamber 1. Initially, the flip plate 36 is in a horizontal position, and the mold containing the sample is placed on the pallet weigher 23, completing the initial weighing (M1). At the start of the test, the combustion nozzle 26 emits a flame. Since the test chamber is made of metal, its surface temperature rises significantly during flame emission. The temperature sensor 12, located outside the chamber, detects this temperature increase in real time and transmits the temperature signal to the control box 13. The control program within the control box 13 (using existing PLC or microcontroller control technology) immediately sends instructions to the drive device 32. The drive device 32 uses a stepper motor / servo motor. The drive device 32 drives the rotating shaft 33 to rotate 180 degrees via the transmission belt 34. The flip plate 36, fixed to the rotating shaft 33, rotates accordingly, causing the pallet weigher 23 and the sample on it to flip together to a position where the pallet weigher 23 faces downwards. In this position, the back of the pallet weigher 23 faces the flame, effectively avoiding direct thermal shock and preventing any impact on its accuracy. After the combustion test, the temperature sensor 12 detects a temperature drop and the signal disappears. The control box 13 then controls the drive device 32 to reverse, precisely resetting the tilting plate 36 to the upward position of the pallet weighing instrument 23 for a second weighing (M2). The control box 13 automatically calculates and records the mass loss rate. Ash falling during the tilting process is collected by the collection trough 42 below. A certain gap exists between the tilting plate 36 and the test chamber 1, providing gas exchange conditions and supplying oxygen to the chamber during combustion.

[0025] The coordinated operation of other modules: Before testing, the combustion nozzle 26 is adjusted to the standard angle and locked using an adjustable support rod (composed of support column 24, etc.). During testing, camera 5 and lighting lamp 6 work together to record combustion video. Camera 5 can achieve 1080P resolution and 30 frames per second video acquisition. The acquired video stream is compressed by a processor using the H.265 encoding standard and stored in a network attached storage (NAS) device, forming a video record that can be traced and analyzed. This video monitoring system is integrated with the control box 13, which serves as the main control system for testing, through a communication protocol. Smoke sensor 28 monitors environmental changes; the generated smoke, drawn by exhaust fan 14, flows sequentially through exhaust pipe 16, smoke density chamber 19 (for concentration measurement. When the smoke flows through its internal optical path test chamber, a laser photometer measures the laser transmittance of the smoke (0-100%) in real time at a sampling rate of 10Hz, and automatically calculates the optical density value in the range of 0-800 with an accuracy of ±5% based on Lambert-Beer's law, thus providing key and objective smoke parameters for flame retardant performance evaluation), and finally exits through sample retention tube 17. The operator can select to purify the exhaust gas or introduce it into sample retention bottle 18 for later use via the switching valve on sample retention tube 17. The smoke density chamber 19 is a sealed optical dark box integrating a laser light source and a laser photometer, its core function being to accurately quantify combustion smoke characteristics. When the combustion smoke flows through its internal optical path test chamber of a specific length driven by exhaust fan 14, the stable beam emitted by the laser inside the chamber is attenuated by absorption and scattering of smoke particles. A laser photometer located on the other side detects the light intensity signal in real time at a sampling rate of no less than 10Hz and transmits it to the control box 13. The system software automatically calculates the optical density value and transmittance curve in the range of 0-800 based on the Lambert-Beer Law, thus providing key and objective smoke parameters for flame retardant performance evaluation. The sample bottle 18, serving as the sampling port for the mass spectrometer, can be used to collect and retain gas samples for subsequent testing of the level, type, and dosage of flame retardants, reducing environmental pollution. Connected to the main gas path via the sample tube 17 and a switching valve, its main function is to selectively capture and retain combustion products. When needed, the operator can introduce a portion of the exhaust gas into this detachable sealed bottle via the switching valve. The design of the sample bottle 18 facilitates direct connection to external analytical equipment such as a mass spectrometer (MS) or a gas chromatograph (GC), enabling precise qualitative and quantitative analysis of the combustion gas components and flame retardant decomposition products.

[0026] It should be clearly pointed out that the laser photometer principle for measuring smoke density, the stepper / servo motor control technology, the adjustable angle locking mechanical structure, the electric valve switching technology, and the general PLC / microcontroller programming control method, H.265 video encoding standard, and the general PLC / microcontroller programming control method used in this invention are all existing technologies that are widely known and used in this field.

[0027] Working Principle: During operation, the plastic rice sample to be tested is first placed in the mold and fixed inside the test chamber 1 by the clamp 22. Before testing, the combustion nozzle 26 is adjusted to the standard angle using the adjustable support rod, and the mold containing the sample is placed on the pallet weigher 23 of the weighing module for initial mass weighing. After the test begins, the control box 13 instructs the electric igniter 27 to ignite the combustion nozzle 26, applying a standard flame to the sample. During this process, the temperature sensor 12 outside the chamber senses the flame signal and feeds it back to the control box 13. The control box 13 then drives the drive device 32 of the flipping mechanism 3, which drives the rotating shaft 33 and the flipping plate 36 to rotate via the transmission belt 34, causing the pallet weigher 23 and the sample to flip to a downward protective position, thereby isolating them from high-temperature thermal shock. At the same time, the camera 5 and the lighting lamp 6 work together to record the entire combustion process video, the temperature and smoke sensor 28 monitors the changes in the environment inside the chamber, and the generated smoke, driven by the exhaust fan 14, enters the smoke density chamber 19 through the exhaust pipe 16, where the smoke density is measured in real time by the laser photometer. After the test, the flame is extinguished, and the signal change of temperature sensor 12 triggers the resetting mechanism 3. The tray weighing instrument 23 returns to the horizontal position for final weighing to calculate the mass loss rate. All flue gas is finally discharged through the sample retention tube 17. The operator can use the switching valve on it to select whether to purify the exhaust gas or to transfer it to the sample retention bottle 18 for subsequent component analysis.

[0028] In summary, this invention effectively solves the problems of limited functionality and measurement interference in traditional testing through its integrated structural design. The flip-over weighing mechanism, located on the outside of the chamber and triggered by a temperature sensor, allows the high-precision pallet weigher and its loaded sample to automatically flip and avoid direct flame exposure during combustion, physically isolating them from high-temperature heat radiation and airflow disturbance, ensuring the accuracy of mass loss data measurement and the durability of the equipment. The smoke density chamber integrated into the exhaust path uses a laser photometer to perform real-time online measurement of the flowing smoke, providing objective and quantitative smoke optical parameters for flame retardant performance evaluation. The combination of a camera and lighting enables visual recording and retrospective analysis of the combustion process. The adjustable support rod allows the angle of the combustion nozzle to flexibly adapt to different testing standards. The sample bottle and switching valve design at the end of the exhaust path allows for convenient acquisition of gas samples for subsequent in-depth component analysis while the exhaust gas is being treated. The exhaust fan provides stable power for the entire smoke flow, ensuring the smooth operation of smoke density measurement and exhaust gas treatment. Each module is centrally controlled and coordinated through a control box, forming a detection system that can automatically and continuously complete the entire process from ignition, observation, measurement to weighing and exhaust gas treatment, significantly improving testing efficiency, data consistency and reliability.

[0029] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for testing the flame retardancy of plastic rice, characterized in that, include: The test box (1) is set above the support (4), and the control box (13) is set outside the test box (1), the combustion nozzle (26) is set inside the test box (1), the clamp (22) is set inside the test box (1), the smoke density box (19) is connected to the test box (1), the camera (5) and the temperature and smoke sensor (28) are set inside the test box (1). In addition, a weighing module is provided at the bottom of the test box (1), which is used to detect the mass of plastic rice before and after combustion.

2. The flame retardancy testing device for plastic rice according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weighing module includes a temperature sensor (12), a flipping mechanism (3), and a pallet weighing instrument (23). The temperature sensor (12) is located on the outside of the test box (1) and is connected to the control box (13) via a signal. The flipping mechanism (3) includes a drive device (32), a transmission belt (34), a rotating shaft (33) and a flipping plate (36) arranged in sequence. The drive device (32) is connected to the control box (13) and drives the transmission belt (34) to rotate the rotating shaft (33). The flipping plate (36) is fixed on the rotating shaft (33). The pallet weighing instrument (23) is fixedly installed on the flip plate (36).

3. The flame retardancy testing device for plastic rice according to claim 2, characterized in that, The weighing protection mechanism also includes a collection trough (42) located below the flip plate (36).

4. The flame retardancy testing device for plastic rice according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flipping mechanism (3) also includes a fixing plate (31) for supporting the rotating shaft (33), the fixing plate (31) being disposed on the bracket (4).

5. The flame retardancy testing device for plastic rice according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an exhaust gas treatment and sample retention device located on the top of the test chamber (1), which is connected to the outlet of the smoke density box (19) via a sample retention tube (17) and includes a sample retention bottle (18).

6. The flame retardancy testing device for plastic rice according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sample tube (17) is equipped with a switching valve.

7. The flame retardancy testing device for plastic rice according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an exhaust fan (14), which is located at the bottom of the exhaust pipe (16) of the test chamber (1).

8. The flame retardancy testing device for plastic rice according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combustion nozzle (26) is installed by an adjustable support rod, which is fixed inside the test box (1) by a support column (24). The angle of the adjustable support rod is adjusted and locked by a connecting shaft.

9. The flame retardancy testing device for plastic rice according to claim 1, characterized in that, A lighting lamp (6) is also provided next to the camera (5).

10. The flame retardancy testing device for plastic rice according to claim 1, characterized in that, The smoke density box (19) is equipped with a laser photometer.

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