In-situ deep-probing sensor

Abstract

The application discloses an in-situ deep-probe sensor, which comprises an upper shell, locking rings are threadedly connected to both sides of the surface of the upper shell through screws, a probe section shell is clamped to the bottom of the locking ring, an external ground is arranged on one side of the surface of the upper shell, a lower end cover is arranged at the end of the upper shell, a clamping groove is formed in one side of the inner wall of the lower end cover, a glass is arranged in the clamping groove, an infrared emission plate is clamped to the output end of the glass, first mainboards are arranged on both side walls in the probe section shell, two first mainboards are arranged, a breathable mesh plate is arranged at the adjacent position of the surface of the first mainboard, and an infrared receiving plate is arranged on the other side of the inner wall of the probe section shell. The breathable mesh plate, the upper shell and the breathable hole are combined to form a physical filtering barrier. While allowing gas molecules to freely diffuse, the physical filtering barrier efficiently prevents liquid water, oil mist and dust particles from entering a core optical gas chamber, thereby ensuring long-term measurement stability and accuracy of the sensor in an extreme environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental monitoring technology, and in particular to an in-situ deep-penetration sensor. Background Technology

[0002] Gas sensors are primarily used to detect specific gases and measure the presence and concentration of gases in the air surrounding the sensor, providing information on flammable, combustible, and toxic gases. Gas concentration monitoring has important applications in environmental monitoring, industrial safety, and chemical process control.

[0003] Gas sensors are primarily used to detect specific gases and measure the presence and concentration of gases in the air surrounding the sensor, providing information on flammable, combustible, and toxic gases. Gas concentration monitoring has important applications in environmental monitoring, industrial safety, and chemical process control.

[0004] Traditional gas sensors are mainly classified into the following categories based on their operating principles: electrochemical sensors, semiconductor sensors, catalytic combustion sensors, optical sensors (non-dispersive infrared spectroscopy, photoionization PID, etc.), and sampling and analysis systems. While these technologies have certain effectiveness in specific applications, they are significantly insufficient in meeting industrial-grade requirements such as high precision, long lifespan, interference resistance, and maintenance-free operation.

[0005] Electrochemical sensors utilize the oxidation-reduction reaction of gases on electrodes to generate current for measurement. They generally suffer from short lifespan (typically 1-2 years), require frequent calibration (monthly or less), are susceptible to cross-interference from other gases, and are sensitive to environmental temperature and humidity. Furthermore, their performance degrades rapidly and their stability is poor in high-temperature, high-dust, or corrosive environments. Metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) sensors detect changes in semiconductor resistance after gas adsorption. They typically have high power consumption, high sensitivity but poor selectivity, are susceptible to temperature and humidity fluctuations, are prone to baseline drift, require frequent warm-up and calibration, and lack long-term stability, making them unsuitable for precise quantitative measurements. Catalytic combustion (CAT) sensors are primarily used for the detection of combustible gases, based on the resistance change caused by the combustion of gas on the surface of catalytic beads. They are highly sensitive to sensor poisoning (such as by silicides and sulfides), have a limited detection range, are only suitable for flammable and explosive gases, and may be damaged at high concentrations. Non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) sensors detect gases based on their absorption of specific infrared wavelengths. While an improvement over electrochemical techniques, they typically use broadband infrared light sources and filters, resulting in limitations such as limited light source lifespan, detection accuracy, susceptibility to signal attenuation due to optical window contamination, and potential interference from other gases with similar absorption characteristics. Maintenance requirements remain relatively high. It utilizes ultraviolet light to ionize gas molecules for detection. It has high sensitivity to VOCs, but cannot distinguish between different gases; the measured value is the total volatile organic compound (TVOC) concentration, and its qualitative ability is weak. The UV lamp has a limited lifespan, and the measured values ​​are greatly affected by ambient humidity. Extractive sampling and analysis systems extract gas from the measurement point to a remote analyzer (such as chromatography, mass spectrometry, or optical analysis equipment). These systems have inherent drawbacks, including long response delays (tens of seconds to minutes), susceptibility to adsorption, clogging, and condensation in the sampling tubing (leading to component loss and measurement distortion), complex pretreatment systems, high failure rates, and enormous maintenance costs. Therefore, they cannot achieve true in-situ real-time monitoring. Chinese patent CN120213536A relates to an in-situ liquid extractor for rice soil, belonging to the field of agricultural liquid sampling technology. It includes a barrel and a filter assembly mounted on the barrel. The barrel has multiple through holes spaced evenly around its centerline near the bottom. The filter assembly includes a filter tube coaxially sleeved on the barrel, and multiple shielding tubes sequentially sleeved on the filter tube along the centerline of the barrel. The shielding tubes are slidably connected to the filter tube along the centerline of the barrel. This invention utilizes the through holes on the barrel in conjunction with the filter tube and shielding tubes of the filter assembly. The shielding tubes wrap around the filter tube, and during detection, moving the shielding tubes exposes part of the filter tube, allowing the liquid in the rice soil to separate from the soil. The separated liquid passes through the through holes into the barrel for extraction. Gradually moving the shielding tubes allows for segmented use of the filter tube, ensuring effective separation of soil particles and liquid, thereby improving the liquid extraction efficiency.

[0006] Chinese patent CN120195378A relates to the field of environmental monitoring technology and discloses a scalable in-situ online groundwater and soil monitoring system. The system includes an automatic online groundwater and soil monitoring and management platform, a groundwater control module, a soil control module, and auxiliary modules. The platform allows users to view the status of the monitoring modules and the monitored data. This system addresses several issues encountered with existing online groundwater and soil monitoring equipment. First, existing equipment may experience sensor drift or errors in complex environments, affecting data accuracy. Second, instability in remote areas and complex terrain can lead to data transmission interruptions. Third, separate management of groundwater and soil equipment results in asynchronous data output, increasing the difficulty of data analysis and hindering complex data analysis and modeling.

[0007] Chinese patent CN119619460A discloses an automatic in-situ soil detection robot and a method for in-situ soil detection. The robot includes a robot chassis and a soil ultrasonic-assisted drilling system, a soil in-situ detection system, a lateral movement component, a positioning and navigation system, and an industrial control computer mounted on the chassis. The robot chassis has two pairs of differential wheels with independently distributed torque. The soil ultrasonic-assisted drilling system includes an ultrasonic-assisted drilling robotic arm; the rotating drilling robotic arm, combined with ultrasonic mechanical vibration, performs ultrasonic drilling operations on the soil. The soil in-situ detection system includes a lift, a soil in-situ detection robotic arm, a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy quantitative analysis system, and various soil sensors. Both the soil ultrasonic-assisted drilling system and the soil in-situ detection system are mounted on a slider. The positioning and navigation system includes a navigation and positioning system and an obstacle avoidance system. This invention combines a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy system and various soil sensors to acquire information about soil at different depths.

[0008] Chinese Patent CN116930459A relates to the field of soil testing technology, and in particular to an in-situ soil detection device and its detection method. The method includes: collecting soil parameters at a set location; inputting the soil parameters into a trained recognition neural network model to obtain a simulated output value, which is a plant variety prediction result. This invention effectively solves the problems of poor timeliness and susceptibility to unpredictable factors in previous technologies, enabling rapid analysis and processing of in-situ soil detection data, improving the efficiency of obtaining soil indicators, and reducing resource consumption.

[0009] Chinese patent CN223244565U discloses an in-situ carbon dioxide monitoring system, relating to the field of soil monitoring technology. It includes a measuring box containing a carbon dioxide sensor and a monitoring unit connected via communication. The measuring box comprises an upper measuring section and a lower measuring section. The lower measuring section is installed on the soil layer and has a through-structure in the middle. An annular protrusion is provided at the bottom of the lower measuring section corresponding to the outline edge of the through-structure. A support column is vertically upwardly mounted on the lower measuring section. The upper measuring section includes a cover and a measuring chamber located at the upper end of the cover. The side of the measuring chamber is connected to the support column via a sliding sleeve and slides up and down relative to the support column, so that the cover covers the annular sealing structure at the edge of the through-structure of the lower measuring section, forming an in-situ measuring cavity corresponding to the soil. This utility model has high portability, a simplified operation process, and meets the needs of soil carbon flux measurement.

[0010] Hu Lening's 2013 publication in the *Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation*, "A Study on In-situ Monitoring of Typical Soil Carbon Flux in Southwest Karst Regions," details the following: To investigate the characteristics of typical soil carbon flux in Southwest Karst Regions, soil carbon flux was measured in situ at two interfaces (soil surface and soil-rock surface) for three soil types (red soil, brown limestone soil, and black limestone soil) in both arbor and shrubland areas. The diurnal and seasonal variations of soil carbon flux were used to indicate the soil organic carbon transformation process. The results showed that soil carbon flux was higher in all soil types during the rainy season than in the dry season. Brown limestone soil exhibited less stable carbon flux than red soil under both vegetation types and was more significantly affected by humidity. In black calcareous soils, the difference in soil carbon flux between the soil surface and the rock surface in shrublands was smaller than that in arbor forests. In arbor forests, the soil carbon flux on the soil surface was significantly greater than that on the rock surface. The highest value was observed on the soil surface in July (3.0 μmol m / s), while on the rock surface in June (1.5 μmol m / s). In shrublands, the highest soil carbon flux on the soil surface occurred in July (3.0 μmol m / s), while on the rock surface in June (1.9 μmol m / s). The variation in soil carbon flux in karst regions differs depending on soil type, and the difference in karst soil carbon flux between the soil surface and the rock surface is significantly influenced by climate, season, and vegetation.

[0011] Liang Dongli's 2009 article, "In-situ Monitoring of N2O Concentration in Different Layers of Loess Soil Profiles," published in the *Acta Ecologica Sinica*, details a 3-year in-situ field monitoring of N2O concentration changes in different soil profile layers under a maize-wheat rotation system in loess soils using the soil probe method. The results confirmed the existence of deep denitrification in loess soils, and that N2O concentration exhibited significant temporal and spatial variability. Specifically, N2O concentration was influenced by soil climatic conditions (temperature and precipitation) and production management practices, with significantly higher concentrations in wet years than in dry years; instantaneous N2O concentration peaks occurred after precipitation or irrigation. Due to differences in the growth characteristics of wheat and maize and the climatic characteristics of their growing seasons, the N2O concentration in each soil profile layer during the maize growing season was significantly higher than that during the wheat growing season. Statistical analysis results showed that the N2O concentration in different soil layers varied as follows: control treatment: 60cm≈90cm≈150cm>30cm>10cm; fertilization treatment: 60cm>90cm≈150cm>30cm>10cm. The main source of N2O in deeper soil layers is denitrification, and fertilization significantly increased N2O production at all soil layers.

[0012] In summary, existing gas sensing technologies struggle to simultaneously meet the stringent requirements of industrial sites for in-situ, real-time, high-precision, high-reliability, long-life, and maintenance-free operation. Especially in harsh environments with high dust, high humidity, corrosiveness, or explosive risks, such as pulverized coal silos, chemical reactors, and soil / groundwater monitoring wells, the limitations of existing technologies are particularly pronounced, constituting a technical bottleneck for safe production and precise monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0013] The purpose of this invention is to address the technical challenges and shortcomings of existing gas sensors in harsh industrial environments with high dust, high humidity, corrosiveness, and explosive risks, which cannot simultaneously address industry pain points such as in-situ, real-time, high precision, high reliability, and long lifespan without maintenance. Therefore, this invention proposes an in-situ deep-penetration sensor.

[0014] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An in-situ depth sensor includes an upper housing. Locking rings are threadedly connected to both sides of the upper housing surface via screws. A probe section housing is snapped into the bottom of each locking ring. An external grounding point is located on one side of the upper housing surface. A lower end cover is located at the end of the upper housing. A slot is formed on one side of the inner wall of the lower end cover, and glass is placed inside the slot. An infrared emitting plate is snapped into the output end of the glass. Two first main boards are located on both inner side walls of the probe section housing. A breathable mesh plate is located adjacent to the surface of each first main board. An infrared receiving plate is located on the other side of the inner wall of the probe section housing. A cable outlet is located on one side of the outer surface of the upper housing. A second main board is located on one side of the inner wall of the upper housing. Snap-fit ​​grooves are formed on both sides of the end of the upper housing, and sealing rings are placed inside the snap-fit ​​grooves. An upper end cover is fixedly connected to one side of each sealing ring. A waterproof and breathable membrane is provided on the surface of the breathable mesh plate.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention, pressure plates are provided at the edges of both sides of the probe segment housing, a cavity is provided inside the probe segment housing, a gold-plated tube is embedded in the inner wall of the cavity, and a vent hole is provided adjacent to the gold-plated tube.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a plug is provided on one side of the bottom of the upper outer shell, an epoxy resin seal is provided inside the upper outer shell, and a sealing ring is fitted inside the lower end cover.

[0017] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the breathable mesh plate and the pressure plate are made of TC titanium alloy, and a sealing strip for increasing the sealing performance is attached to the outer surface of the upper cover.

[0018] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the pressure plate and the lower end cover press against each other, and the probe section shell is made of TC titanium alloy.

[0019] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the infrared emitting plate and the infrared receiving plate are electrically connected, and the number of vent holes is three.

[0020] As a further embodiment of the present invention, fixing screws are provided on both sides of the outer surface of the probe segment housing.

[0021] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the front side of the infrared receiving plate is provided with glass.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. A combined physical filtration barrier consisting of a breathable mesh plate, an upper shell, and vents. While allowing gas molecules to diffuse freely, it effectively blocks liquid water, oil mist, and dust particles from entering the core optical chamber, ensuring the sensor's long-term measurement stability and accuracy in extreme environments.

[0023] 2. By using external grounding, infrared receiving board, cable outlet and infrared emitting board in combination, in-situ, real-time and high-precision data transmission is achieved in harsh environments, avoiding the problems of delay, adsorption and distortion of traditional extraction methods. The authenticity and reliability of the data far exceed any existing technology.

[0024] 3. The lifespan of the sensor is improved through the materials and sealing treatment of the upper shell, probe section shell, and breathable mesh plate.

[0025] 4. Improved environmental adaptability: With its IP68 protection rating, wide operating temperature range (-30℃ ~ 90℃), and excellent corrosion resistance, it can be directly applied to harsh environments such as coal powder silos, soil, and groundwater, where traditional sensors cannot operate. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first cross-sectional structure of an in-situ depth sensor proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second cross-sectional structure of an in-situ depth sensor proposed in this invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Upper outer shell; 2. Probe section outer shell; 3. Locking ring; 4. Infrared emitting plate; 5. Infrared receiving plate; 6. First main board; 7. Breathable mesh plate; 8. Waterproof and breathable membrane; 9. Pressure plate; 10. Second main board; 11. Gold-plated tube; 14. External grounding; 15. Cable outlet; 16. Upper end cover; 17. Lower end cover; 18. Glass; 20. Plug; 21. Epoxy resin sealant; 22. Vent hole; 23. Sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this patent can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] Reference Figures 1-2 An in-situ depth sensor includes an upper housing 1. Locking rings 3 are threadedly connected to both sides of the upper housing 1 via screws. A probe section housing 2 is snapped into the bottom of the locking rings 3. An external grounding device 14 is provided on one side of the upper housing 1. A lower end cover 17 is provided at the end of the upper housing 1. A slot is formed on one side of the inner wall of the lower end cover 17, and a glass 18 is placed inside the slot. The glass 18 has a diameter of 23 mm and a thickness of 6 mm. An infrared emitting plate 4 is snapped into the output end of the glass 18. Two first main boards 6 are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the probe section housing 2. A breathable mesh plate 7 is provided at an adjacent position on the surface of the first main board 6. An infrared receiving plate 5 is provided on the other side of the inner wall of the probe section housing 2. The upper housing 1, housing 2, locking rings 3, and breathable mesh plate 7 are made of TC4 titanium alloy and manufactured by Changzhou Yaochuang Machinery Co., Ltd. The infrared emitting plate 4 and infrared receiving plate 5 are manufactured by JLC Platform (https: / / www.jlc.com).

[0030] In use, the upper outer shell 1 and the probe section outer shell 2 are fixed together by a threaded connection of a locking ring 3, forming a detachable module. During installation, first align the slot of the probe section outer shell 2 with the flange of the upper outer shell 1, and tighten the locking ring 3 to the preset torque to ensure a tight fit without any movement. Then, the infrared emitting plate 4 is fixed to the slot of the lower end cover 17 with screws. During installation, a positioning fixture must be used to ensure that its optical path coincides with the central axis of the infrared receiving plate 5. After the glass 18 is pressed into the slot of the lower end cover, the gap is filled with a sealing ring 23 to prevent air leakage from the gas chamber. The sealing ring 23 is manufactured by Zhejiang Ouling Sealing Parts Co., Ltd. Next, the ventilated mesh plate 7 is fixed to both sides of the probe section outer shell 2 by a pressure plate 9, forming a gas diffusion channel. During installation, attention must be paid to the distance between the mesh plate and the main board 6 to avoid electrical short circuits.

[0031] In particular, a cable outlet 15 is provided on one side of the outer surface of the upper housing 1, and a second main board 10 is provided on one side of the inner wall of the upper housing 1. The first main board 6 and the second main board 10 are described in detail in Su Jieru's "Detection of Tunnel Dissolved Carbon Dioxide Based on TDLAS" published in Laser Journal in 2025, so they will not be described in detail in this application. Both sides of the end of the upper housing 1 are provided with snap-fit ​​grooves, and a sealing ring 23 is provided inside the snap-fit ​​grooves. An upper end cover 16 is fixedly connected to one side of the sealing ring 23. A waterproof and breathable membrane 8 is provided on the surface of the breathable mesh plate 7. A pressure plate 9 is provided at the edge of both sides of the end of the probe section housing 2. The pressure plate 9 is made of TC4 titanium alloy and manufactured by Changzhou Yaochuang Machinery Co., Ltd. A cavity is provided inside the probe section housing 2. A gold-plated tube 11 is embedded in the inner wall of the cavity. A vent hole 22 is provided next to the gold-plated tube 11. When using this device, first cut the waterproof and breathable membrane 8 into an annular shape with an outer diameter matching that of the breathable mesh plate 7, lay it flat on the surface of the mesh plate, and then press the edges of the membrane tightly with the gold-plated tube 11. The gold-plated tube 11 is screwed into the cavity of the probe section housing 2 through a thread to avoid excessive compression that could deform the membrane. A sealing ring 23 is pre-embedded in the snap-fit ​​groove between the upper end cap 16 and the upper housing 1. During installation, press the upper end cap axially until a "click" sound is heard, indicating that the snap-fit ​​is in place. Epoxy resin sealant 21 is injected from the cable outlet 15 side, and after curing, it forms an insulating barrier, thereby improving the sealing and protection of this device. In particular, a plug 20 is provided on one side of the bottom of the upper housing 1, an epoxy resin sealant 21 is provided inside the upper housing 1, a sealing ring 23 is fitted inside the lower end cover 17, the vent mesh plate 7 and the pressure plate 9 are made of TC4 titanium alloy, a sealing strip for increasing the sealing is attached to the outer surface of the upper end cover 16, the pressure plate 9 and the lower end cover 17 press against each other, the probe section housing 2 is made of TC4 titanium alloy, the infrared emitting plate 4 and the infrared receiving plate 5 are electrically connected, there are three vent holes 22, fixing screws are provided on both sides of the outer surface of the probe section housing 2, and the front of the infrared receiving plate 5 is located on one side of the glass 18.

[0032] In use, the breathable mesh plate 7 and the pressure plate 9 are made of TC4 titanium alloy, which is machined and then sandblasted and passivated to form an oxide film on the surface to enhance corrosion resistance. The contact surface between the probe section housing 2 and the pressure plate 9 is coated with conductive grease and grounded through fixing screws to eliminate static electricity accumulation. The power lines of the infrared emitting plate 4 and the receiving plate 5 are twisted together and connected to the main board 6 to reduce electromagnetic interference. The signal line uses shielded cable and is connected through external grounding 14, thereby improving the static electricity elimination and corrosion resistance of this device.

[0033] Working principle: The first step: The gas sampling and pretreatment module uses a multi-layer filtration system consisting of a breathable mesh plate 7 and a waterproof and breathable membrane 8. The breathable mesh plate 7 is fixedly installed at the air inlet end of the probe section housing 2, and its mesh structure can effectively block larger dust particles. The waterproof and breathable membrane 8 is pressed onto the outside of the breathable mesh plate 7 by a pressure plate 9, selectively intercepting liquid water droplets while allowing gas molecules to pass freely, achieving efficient separation of the gas, solid, and liquid phases.

[0034] The second step: The pressure balancing and optical detection module includes a gold-plated tube 11 and evenly distributed vents 22. The gold-plated tube 11 is located in the internal cavity of the probe section housing 2, and the vents 22 are evenly distributed circumferentially, together forming a dynamic pressure regulation system. When the ambient temperature changes, this system automatically maintains the pressure balance inside and outside the gas chamber, effectively preventing condensation. At the same time, the infrared emitting plate 4 generates a laser beam of a specific wavelength that penetrates the gas chamber. Gas molecules selectively absorb the characteristic wavelength laser, causing a regular attenuation of the light intensity.

[0035] The third step: The signal processing and output module adopts a dual-motherboard collaborative working mode. The first motherboard 6 integrates signal amplification and filtering circuits, responsible for preprocessing the electrical signals collected by the infrared receiver board 5. The second motherboard 10 is equipped with a professional demodulation algorithm, which accurately calculates the gas concentration value by analyzing the light intensity attenuation characteristics. The processed monitoring data is transmitted to an external monitoring platform in real time through a dedicated interface.

[0036] The fourth step: The sealing and protection module adopts a triple sealing barrier design. The upper outer shell 1 and the probe section outer shell 2 form the first seal through a locking ring 3 and a sealing ring 23. A sealing ring 23 is placed between the lower end cover 17 and the glass 18 to form the second layer of protection. The cable outlet 15 is filled with epoxy resin and sealed with 23 to complete the third level of sealing. This multi-layered sealing structure ensures that the sensor meets stringent protection requirements.

[0037] Step 5: Material Selection and Durability Design. High-performance special materials are selected for this module. The breathable mesh plate 7, pressure plate 9, and probe section housing 2 are all made of special alloy materials, with a protective film formed by surface strengthening treatment. The inner wall of the gold-plated tube 11 is plated with a high-purity metal layer. These material properties give the sensor excellent corrosion resistance, making it suitable for long-term stable operation in various harsh environments.

[0038] In this application, the structures and connections not described in detail are all prior art, and their structures and principles are well known, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An in-situ depth sensor, comprising an upper housing (1), characterized in that, Both sides of the upper outer shell (1) are connected to locking rings (3) by screw threads. The bottom of the locking rings (3) is engaged with the probe section outer shell (2). An external grounding (14) is provided on one side of the upper outer shell (1). A lower end cover (17) is provided at the end of the upper outer shell (1). A slot is provided on one side of the inner wall of the lower end cover (17). A glass (18) is provided inside the slot. An infrared emitting plate (4) is engaged at the output end of the glass (18). Two first main boards (6) are provided on both sides of the inner side wall of the probe section outer shell (2). A breathable mesh plate (7) is provided on the adjacent part of the surface of the first main board (6). An infrared receiving plate (5) is provided on the other side of the inner wall of the probe section housing (2). A cable outlet (15) is provided on one side of the outer surface of the upper housing (1). A second main board (10) is provided on one side of the inner wall of the upper housing (1). A snap-fit ​​groove is provided on both sides of the end of the upper housing (1). A sealing ring (23) is provided inside the snap-fit ​​groove. An upper end cap (16) is fixedly connected to one side of the sealing ring (23). A waterproof and breathable membrane (8) is provided on the surface of the breathable mesh plate (7).

2. The in-situ depth sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Pressure plates (9) are provided on both sides of the end of the probe section housing (2). A cavity is provided inside the probe section housing (2). A gold-plated tube (11) is embedded in the inner wall of the cavity. A vent hole (22) is provided next to the gold-plated tube (11).

3. The in-situ depth sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that, A plug (20) is provided on one side of the bottom of the upper outer shell (1), an epoxy resin sealant (21) is provided inside the upper outer shell (1), and a sealing ring (23) is fitted inside the lower end cap (17).

4. The in-situ depth sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The breathable mesh plate (7) and the pressure plate (9) are made of TC4 titanium alloy, and the outer surface of the upper cover (16) is covered with a sealing strip to increase the sealing performance.

5. The in-situ depth sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure plate (9) and the lower end cover (17) press against each other, and the probe section shell (2) is made of TC4 titanium alloy.

6. The in-situ depth sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The infrared emitting plate (4) and the infrared receiving plate (5) are electrically connected, and the number of the vent holes (22) is three.

7. The in-situ depth sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer surface of the probe section housing (2) is provided with fixing screws on both sides.

8. The in-situ depth sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front of the infrared receiver (5) is disposed on one side of the glass (18).

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