A bluetooth probe device for beacon area positioning based on lora ad hoc network communication

Abstract

The application discloses a Bluetooth probe device for beacon area positioning based on lora ad hoc network communication and belongs to the technical field of Bluetooth positioning, which comprises a power module, a Lora communication module and a micro control unit (MCU). The power module converts 12VDC into 5VDC and supplies power to each module. The Lora communication module communicates with the MCU through a serial port to transparently transmit data. The MCU continuously scans surrounding Bluetooth beacons by using an Air103 single-chip microcomputer, collects information, removes the duplicate information and stores the information in a cache area. A double-cache area polling mode is used for data packaging and sending and concurrent Bluetooth scanning. The application solves the problems of high investment cost, complicated deployment process and limited large-scale popularization and application of the existing device. The application is wireless, convenient to deploy and free from configuration operation, the Bluetooth beacon has low procurement cost, small size and light weight, can operate for 1-5 years by relying on a built-in battery and provides an efficient and economical solution for realizing accurate positioning in a complex and changeable indoor environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of Bluetooth positioning technology, specifically to a Bluetooth probe device for beacon area positioning based on LoRa self-organizing network communication. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development and flourishing of IoT technology, indoor positioning technology, with its unique value, has become an indispensable key supporting technology in many fields such as smart city construction, smart home development, industrial control optimization, and construction management upgrades. Especially in building construction scenarios, the demand for personnel location tracking and dynamic monitoring of mobile devices is increasing daily in order to ensure construction safety and improve management efficiency.

[0003] However, traditional positioning technologies fall short when dealing with indoor environments. GPS signals attenuate severely during indoor propagation, making it difficult to provide reliable positioning information and failing to meet the accuracy requirements for indoor positioning. GSM networks have coverage blind spots indoors, preventing data from being transmitted smoothly and rendering positioning and monitoring solutions that rely on them ineffective. While Wi-Fi or ultra-wideband positioning systems can achieve positioning functions to some extent, their high initial equipment investment costs and complex deployment process, requiring extensive wiring and debugging work by professionals, greatly limit their large-scale application. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a Bluetooth probe device for beacon area positioning based on LoRa self-organizing network communication. It cleverly integrates the significant advantages of Bluetooth probes, such as low cost and convenient deployment, with the powerful long-distance data transmission capability of LoRa communication. It provides an ideal solution that is both efficient and economical for achieving accurate positioning in complex and ever-changing indoor environments, and solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A Bluetooth probe device for beacon area positioning based on LoRa self-organizing network communication includes a power module, a LoRa communication module and a microcontroller unit (MCU). The power module converts 12VDC to 5VDC based on a built-in DC-DC converter and supplies power to each module, while managing the charging and discharging status of the battery. The Lora communication module is powered by a 3.3V LDO and communicates with the microcontroller unit (MCU) via a serial port to transmit data. The microcontroller unit (MCU) uses an Air103 microcontroller to continuously scan the surrounding Bluetooth beacons, collect information, deduplicate it, and store it in a buffer. The dual-buffer polling mode is used for concurrent data packet transmission and Bluetooth scanning during the host computer's polling process.

[0006] Preferably, the power module integrates a charge and discharge management circuit for charging and protecting the built-in lithium battery, and also integrates a power-off protection unit so that the device can continue to work when the external power supply is disconnected.

[0007] Preferably, the microcontroller (MCU) uses an Air103 microcontroller to continuously scan surrounding Bluetooth beacons, capture airborne broadcast packets, and parse the captured airborne broadcast packets to extract key information, including MAC address, RSSI signal strength, broadcast packet content, and timestamp. The extracted key information is deduplicated. Specifically, for beacons with the same MAC address, multiple scans are performed within a set time window to deduplicate the data, retaining only the data with the strongest RSSI signal strength within that time window.

[0008] Preferably, the extracted key information is filtered to remove invalid data. Specifically, an RSSI signal strength threshold is preset, and the RSSI signal strength in the extracted key information is compared with the preset RSSI signal strength threshold. When the RSSI signal strength in the key information is lower than the preset RSSI signal strength threshold, the Bluetooth information with weak signal is directly discarded.

[0009] Preferably, the dual-buffer polling mode is as follows: The microcontroller unit (MCU) writes the deduplicated key Bluetooth information into the currently active buffer A in real time; When the host computer polling command arrives, the microcontroller unit (MCU) immediately stops writing data to the current buffer A. At this time, the MCU switches the write pointer to the backup buffer B, and the newly scanned Bluetooth data begins to be written to buffer B. The microcontroller unit (MCU) reads data from buffer A, packages it, and sends it through the LoRa communication module. After sending, buffer A is cleared and waits for the next polling. The currently active buffer remains buffer B until the next polling instruction arrives, at which point it switches again.

[0010] Preferably, when the LoRa communication module communicates with the microcontroller unit (MCU) via a serial port to transmit data, the host computer sends data upload commands to the designated Bluetooth probes in sequence and polls each Bluetooth probe. The polling commands are transmitted to the target Bluetooth probe via the LoRa network through multiple hops. After receiving the data upload command, the target Bluetooth probe switches its buffer and sends the data in the buffer to the host computer in packets. After receiving all the packets, the host computer merges all the packets and performs integrity verification. After verifying the integrity, the data is pushed to the cloud platform via the 4G network.

[0011] Preferably, the host computer sends parameter configuration instructions to the designated Bluetooth probes in sequence and polls each Bluetooth probe. The polling instructions are transmitted to the target Bluetooth probe via a LoRa network through multiple hops. The target Bluetooth probe configures its parameters according to the sent parameter configuration instructions, including modifying the scanning interval and modifying the LoRa transmit power.

[0012] Preferably, the polling command is transmitted to the target Bluetooth probe via a LoRa network over multiple hops, and performs the following operations: The host computer sends a construction packet to Bluetooth probe A based on the LoRa self-organizing network protocol. After receiving the construction packet, Bluetooth probe A judges whether it is a command sent to itself. If it does not, it forwards the packet, queries the routing table, constructs a new packet, and sends the new packet to Bluetooth probe B, which is closer to the target Bluetooth probe. After receiving the construction packet, Bluetooth probe B judges whether it is a command sent to itself. If it does, it forwards the packet, queries the routing table again, constructs a new packet, and sends the new packet to Bluetooth probe C. After receiving the construction packet, Bluetooth probe C judges whether it is a command sent to itself. If it does, it switches its buffer and prepares to upload data to the host computer.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The Bluetooth probe of this invention transmits data over long distances to the host computer via a LoRa self-organizing network. The data is automatically forwarded by multiple Bluetooth probes. The system network routing supports dynamic automatic reorganization, and the deployment method is highly flexible. It features wireless communication, convenient deployment and configuration-free operation. The Bluetooth beacon has low procurement cost, small size, and light weight. It can operate for 1-5 years with the built-in battery. It provides an ideal solution that is both efficient and economical for achieving accurate positioning in complex and ever-changing indoor environments. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the Bluetooth probe device for beacon area positioning according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a system structure diagram of the Bluetooth probe of the present invention during operation. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] To address the limitations of existing Wi-Fi or ultra-wideband positioning systems, while they can achieve positioning functionality to some extent, the high initial investment in equipment and the cumbersome and complex deployment process, requiring extensive wiring and debugging work by professionals, significantly restrict their large-scale application. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 1-2 This embodiment provides the following technical solution: A Bluetooth probe device for beacon area positioning based on LoRa self-organizing network communication includes a power module, a LoRa communication module and a microcontroller unit (MCU). The power module converts 12VDC to 5VDC based on a built-in DC-DC converter and supplies power to each module, while managing the charging and discharging status of the battery. In this embodiment, the power module integrates a charge and discharge management circuit for charging and protecting the built-in lithium battery, and also integrates a power-off protection unit so that the device can continue to work when the external power supply is disconnected.

[0017] The Lora communication module is powered by a 3.3V LDO and communicates with the microcontroller unit (MCU) via a serial port to transmit data. In this embodiment, when the LoRa communication module communicates with the microcontroller unit (MCU) via a serial port to transmit data, the host computer sends data upload commands to the designated Bluetooth probes in sequence and polls each Bluetooth probe. The polling commands are transmitted to the target Bluetooth probe via the LoRa network through multiple hops. After receiving the data upload command, the target Bluetooth probe switches its buffer and sends the data in the buffer to the host computer in packets. After receiving all the packets, the host computer merges all the packets and performs integrity verification. After verifying the integrity, the data is pushed to the cloud platform via the 4G network.

[0018] In this embodiment, the host computer sends parameter configuration instructions to the designated Bluetooth probes in sequence and polls each Bluetooth probe. The polling instructions are transmitted to the target Bluetooth probe via a LoRa network through multiple hops. The target Bluetooth probe configures its parameters according to the sent parameter configuration instructions, including modifying the scanning interval and modifying the LoRa transmit power.

[0019] In this embodiment, the polling command is transmitted to the target Bluetooth probe via a multi-hop LoRa network to perform the following operations: The host computer sends a construction packet to Bluetooth probe A based on the LoRa self-organizing network protocol. After receiving the construction packet, Bluetooth probe A judges whether it is a command sent to itself. If it does not, it forwards the packet, queries the routing table, constructs a new packet, and sends the new packet to Bluetooth probe B, which is closer to the target Bluetooth probe. After receiving the construction packet, Bluetooth probe B judges whether it is a command sent to itself. If it does, it forwards the packet, queries the routing table again, constructs a new packet, and sends the new packet to Bluetooth probe C. After receiving the construction packet, Bluetooth probe C judges whether it is a command sent to itself. If it does, it switches its buffer and prepares to upload data to the host computer.

[0020] It should be noted that LoRa (Long Range) is a low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) communication protocol based on spread spectrum technology, developed and promoted by Semtech. It combines digital spread spectrum, digital signal processing and forward error correction coding technology to achieve long-distance, low-power and interference-resistant wireless communication. LoRa technology is particularly suitable for IoT application scenarios that require long-distance transmission and small data volume, such as smart cities, environmental monitoring, agricultural automation, and industrial control.

[0021] Among them, the E52 series LoRa communication module is a wireless serial port MESH networking module developed based on LoRa spread spectrum technology. It is designed for low-power, long-distance, and large-scale IoT applications. This series of modules adopts a decentralized MESH network architecture and supports functions such as self-routing, network self-healing, and multi-level routing. It can automatically build a stable network without a central node or coordinator, which significantly reduces deployment costs and complexity.

[0022] It has four communication modes: 1) Unicast: Requires configuration of the target address, the first communication requires the establishment of a route, and subsequent communication automatically reconnects. It is suitable for precise point-to-point communication; 2) Multicast: Supports group management, with a maximum of 8 addresses per group. Group addresses need to be configured in advance. It is suitable for one-to-many scenarios, such as broadcast control commands; 3) Broadcast: No target address is required. All nodes automatically forward data. It has a built-in CSMA collision avoidance mechanism to prevent collisions. It is suitable for global notifications or data synchronization; 4) Anycast: Used for cross-network communication. Data is sent to one or all nodes within a single hop range, but reliability cannot be guaranteed. It is suitable for simple data pass-through.

[0023] It features long-range and anti-interference capabilities: using LoRa spread spectrum technology, the point-to-point communication distance in open environments can reach 2.5 kilometers (433MHz band, antenna gain 3.5dBi, height 2.5 meters), and can be further extended in suburban or low-interference environments. It has high spread spectrum factor and optimized signal-to-noise ratio (-20dB demodulation signal-to-noise ratio), and its anti-interference capability far exceeds that of traditional modulation methods such as FSK. It supports simultaneous transmission on the same frequency without interference.

[0024] It features a low-power design: receiving current is only 10mA, sleep current is <200nA, and a single CR2032 battery can support several years of battery life, depending on the working mode and data volume. It supports multiple power-saving modes (such as hibernation and deep hibernation) and is suitable for battery-powered scenarios (such as environmental monitoring and agricultural sensors).

[0025] It boasts high security and reliability: data transmission employs the AES-128 encryption algorithm to prevent data theft or tampering.

[0026] It has a network self-healing function: it automatically rebuilds the path when the link fails, ensuring communication continuity.

[0027] It features dynamic routing table optimization: automatically updates paths based on network status to avoid single points of failure.

[0028] It features flexible deployment and scalability: it supports multiple interfaces such as UART / RS485 / RS232 / USB, is compatible with 3.3V / 5V voltage, and is suitable for various sensors and actuators; the theoretical network capacity is up to 65,535 nodes, supporting large-scale device access (such as smart cities and industrial IoT); the frequency band covers 410.125-509.125MHz (default 433.125MHz) and 850.125-929.125MHz (default 868.125MHz), supports 100 / 80 channels, and has a channel spacing of 1MHz.

[0029] Its hardware cost is low, with a single node costing tens to hundreds of yuan, far lower than Wi-Fi / Ultra-Broadband solutions; it is easy to deploy, with wireless networking that does not require wiring and supports rapid expansion and relocation; it is stable and reliable, with a decentralized architecture, self-healing routing, and encrypted transmission to ensure data integrity and communication continuity; it is ecosystem compatible, providing SDK, development board, and sample code, and supports AT commands or host computer configuration to shorten the development cycle.

[0030] It should be noted that Bluetooth beacons are wireless positioning devices based on Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology. They broadcast Bluetooth signals containing key data such as unique identifier ID and signal strength (RSSI) at regular intervals. These signals can provide probes with accurate location reference information, thereby enabling positioning.

[0031] It has the following technical features and advantages: 1) Affordable hardware costs: The price range of a single beacon device is from tens to hundreds of yuan. Compared with Wi-Fi positioning devices or ultra-wideband positioning devices, the cost is significantly reduced. This feature gives it a significant economic advantage in large-scale deployment scenarios, enabling widespread coverage with low investment.

[0032] 2) Convenient wireless communication: The device adopts wireless communication, eliminating the need for cumbersome wiring. It achieves interaction between devices via Bluetooth signals, greatly simplifying the deployment process, effectively reducing the complexity and difficulty of construction, and saving time and labor costs.

[0033] 3) Low power consumption and long battery life: Utilizing advanced BLE 5.0 and above technology, it features excellent low power consumption design. Taking the common CR2032 battery as an example, a single battery can support the device for 2-5 years, significantly reducing the frequency of battery replacement and thus reducing long-term maintenance costs.

[0034] 4) Dynamic and flexible adjustment: It supports the adjustment of the beacon position at any time according to actual needs. Whether it is to deal with changes in factory layout or to meet the special needs of temporary activities, it can respond quickly and flexibly, ensuring that the positioning system always maintains good applicability and accuracy.

[0035] The Bluetooth probes work as follows: the host computer polls each Bluetooth probe sequentially. The polling command is transmitted to the target Bluetooth probe via multiple hops. The target Bluetooth probe switches its buffer and sends data packets from its transmit buffer to the host computer. The host computer combines the data packets, verifies their integrity, and then pushes them to the cloud platform via the 4G network. The system architecture diagram is shown below. Figure 1 As shown.

[0036] The microcontroller unit (MCU) uses an Air103 microcontroller to continuously scan the surrounding Bluetooth beacons, collect information, deduplicate it, and store it in a buffer. The dual-buffer polling mode is used for data packet transmission and concurrent Bluetooth scanning during the host computer's polling process.

[0037] In this embodiment, the microcontroller (MCU) uses an Air103 microcontroller to continuously scan the surrounding Bluetooth beacons, capture airborne broadcast packets, and parse the captured airborne broadcast packets to extract key information, including MAC address, RSSI signal strength, broadcast packet content, and timestamp. The extracted key information is deduplicated. Specifically, for beacons with the same MAC address, multiple scans are performed within a set time window to deduplicate the data, retaining only the data with the strongest RSSI signal strength within that time window.

[0038] In this embodiment, the extracted key information is filtered to remove invalid data. Specifically, an RSSI signal strength threshold is preset, and the RSSI signal strength in the extracted key information is compared with the preset RSSI signal strength threshold. When the RSSI signal strength in the key information is lower than the preset RSSI signal strength threshold, the Bluetooth information with a weak signal is directly discarded.

[0039] In this embodiment, the dual-buffer polling mode is as follows: The microcontroller unit (MCU) writes the deduplicated key Bluetooth information into the currently active buffer A in real time; When the host computer polling command arrives, the microcontroller unit (MCU) immediately stops writing data to the current buffer A. At this time, the MCU switches the write pointer to the backup buffer B, and the newly scanned Bluetooth data begins to be written to buffer B. The microcontroller unit (MCU) reads data from buffer A, packages it, and sends it through the LoRa communication module. After sending, buffer A is cleared and waits for the next polling. The currently active buffer remains buffer B until the next polling instruction arrives, at which point it switches again.

[0040] It should be noted that the microcontroller unit (MCU) uses the Air103 microcontroller. The Air103 is a highly integrated and powerful IoT-specific chip launched by Hezhou Communication, meticulously designed to meet the diverse needs of IoT applications. This chip integrates excellent processing performance, ultra-low power consumption, and rich communication and peripheral interfaces, providing developers with an efficient, stable, and flexible IoT device development platform. The Hezhou Air103 not only supports multiple mainstream communication protocols but also has powerful computing capabilities and abundant resource reserves, sufficient to cope with various complex and ever-changing IoT application scenarios.

[0041] 1) It has multi-channel communication support Multi-mode wireless communication: The Hezhou Air103 has built-in Bluetooth functionality and supports the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) protocol, enabling seamless connection with Bluetooth terminals such as smartphones and smart wearable devices for convenient short-range data transmission and device control.

[0042] Strong protocol compatibility: It has been deeply optimized for various communication protocols, has good compatibility, and can smoothly interface with equipment and services from different manufacturers, greatly reducing the difficulty and cost of system integration.

[0043] 2) It has a high-performance processing core. Advanced architecture design: Adopting an advanced processor architecture, it has a high clock speed and powerful computing capabilities, enabling it to quickly process complex algorithms and tasks. Whether it is real-time data acquisition and analysis or multi-task parallel processing, it can easily handle the stringent requirements of IoT devices for real-time performance and accuracy.

[0044] Efficient memory management: Equipped with ample memory resources and employing an efficient memory management mechanism, the system can run stably without lag or crashes when running large applications or multitasking, providing a strong guarantee for the long-term stable operation of the device.

[0045] 3) It features an ultra-low power consumption design. Intelligent Power Management: In response to the fact that IoT devices typically need to operate for long periods of time and rely on battery power, the Hezhou Air103 adopts intelligent power management technology. Through flexible switching of various power-saving modes (such as low-power sleep mode, deep hibernation mode, etc.), it automatically adjusts power consumption according to the actual working status of the device, effectively reducing the overall energy consumption of the device, significantly extending battery life, and reducing the frequency of device charging or battery replacement.

[0046] Low-power hardware circuit: In terms of hardware circuit design, the power consumption of each module has been carefully optimized, and low-power components have been selected to reduce power consumption from the source and further improve the energy utilization efficiency of the equipment.

[0047] 4) It has abundant peripheral interfaces. Diverse interface types: It provides a rich variety of peripheral interfaces, including commonly used interfaces such as UART, SPI, I2C, and GPIO, as well as analog interfaces such as ADC and DAC. These interfaces facilitate connection and communication with various types of sensors (such as temperature sensors, humidity sensors, light sensors, etc.), actuators (such as motors, relays, etc.) and other external devices, greatly enhancing the system's scalability and flexibility, and meeting the personalized needs of different IoT applications.

[0048] High-speed data transmission: Some interfaces support high-speed data transmission, which can meet the application scenarios with high data transmission rate requirements, ensure that data can be transmitted quickly and accurately, and improve the overall response speed of the system.

[0049] 5) It has reliable security. Hardware security module: It incorporates a hardware security encryption module that supports multiple international standard encryption algorithms (such as AES and RSA) to encrypt data, ensuring data security during transmission and storage and preventing data theft or tampering. It also features secure boot and secure storage functions, providing comprehensive protection for the device's security throughout its entire lifecycle.

[0050] Security authentication mechanism: Supports multiple security authentication mechanisms, such as identity authentication and access control, which can authenticate devices and users, ensuring that only authorized devices and users can access system resources, effectively preventing illegal intrusion and malicious attacks, and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the Internet of Things system.

[0051] 6) It has comprehensive development support A comprehensive development toolchain: HeZoo provides developers with complete development tools and software support, including a powerful SDK (Software Development Kit), development boards, debugging tools, and detailed development documentation and sample code. These tools and resources reduce development difficulty, shorten development cycles, and enable developers to get started quickly and focus on application development and innovation.

[0052] Active Developer Community: The community boasts a vibrant developer community where developers can exchange experiences, share technologies, and solve problems. It also regularly hosts technical lectures and online seminars, providing a platform for learning and communication, promoting technology dissemination and innovation, and helping developers better utilize the Heze Air103 chip for IoT application development.

[0053] In summary, the Bluetooth probe of this invention transmits data over long distances to the host computer via a LoRa self-organizing network. The data is automatically forwarded by multiple Bluetooth probes. The system network routing supports dynamic automatic reorganization, and the deployment method has a high degree of freedom. It features wireless communication, convenient deployment and configuration-free operation. The Bluetooth beacon has low procurement cost, small size, light weight, and can operate for 1-5 years with a built-in battery. The component cost is also low.

[0054] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0055] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A Bluetooth probe device for beacon area positioning based on LoRa self-organizing network communication, comprising a power module, a LoRa communication module, and a microcontroller unit (MCU), characterized in that, The power module converts 12VDC to 5VDC based on a built-in DC-DC converter and supplies power to each module, while also managing the charging and discharging of the battery. The Lora communication module is powered by a 3.3V LDO and communicates with the microcontroller unit (MCU) via a serial port to transmit data. The microcontroller unit (MCU) uses an Air103 microcontroller to continuously scan the surrounding Bluetooth beacons, collect information, deduplicate it, and store it in a buffer. The dual-buffer polling mode is used for concurrent data packet transmission and Bluetooth scanning during the host computer's polling process.

2. The Bluetooth probe device for beacon area positioning based on LoRa self-organizing network communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power module integrates a charge and discharge management circuit for charging and protecting the built-in lithium battery, and also integrates a power-off protection unit so that the device can continue to work when the external power supply is disconnected.

3. The Bluetooth probe device for beacon area positioning based on LoRa self-organizing network communication according to claim 2, characterized in that, The microcontroller unit (MCU) uses an Air103 microcontroller to continuously scan surrounding Bluetooth beacons, capture airborne broadcast packets, and parse the captured airborne broadcast packets to extract key information, including MAC address, RSSI signal strength, broadcast packet content, and timestamp. The extracted key information is deduplicated. Specifically, for beacons with the same MAC address, multiple scans within a set time window are deduplicated, and only the data with the strongest RSSI signal strength within that time window is retained.

4. A Bluetooth probe device for beacon area positioning based on LoRa self-organizing network communication according to claim 3, characterized in that, The extracted key information is filtered to remove invalid data. Specifically, an RSSI signal strength threshold is preset, and the RSSI signal strength in the extracted key information is compared with the preset RSSI signal strength threshold. When the RSSI signal strength in the key information is lower than the preset RSSI signal strength threshold, the Bluetooth information with too weak a signal is directly discarded.

5. A Bluetooth probe device for beacon area positioning based on LoRa self-organizing network communication according to claim 4, characterized in that, The dual-buffer polling mode is as follows: The microcontroller unit (MCU) writes the deduplicated key Bluetooth information into the currently active buffer A in real time; When the host computer polling command arrives, the microcontroller unit (MCU) immediately stops writing data to the current buffer A. At this time, the MCU switches the write pointer to the backup buffer B, and the newly scanned Bluetooth data begins to be written to buffer B. The microcontroller unit (MCU) reads data from buffer A, packages it, and sends it through the LoRa communication module. After sending, buffer A is cleared and waits for the next polling. The currently active buffer remains buffer B until the next polling instruction arrives, at which point it switches again.

6. A Bluetooth probe device for beacon area positioning based on LoRa self-organizing network communication according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the LoRa communication module transmits data through serial communication with the microcontroller unit (MCU), the host computer sends data upload commands to the designated Bluetooth probes in sequence and polls each Bluetooth probe. The polling commands are transmitted to the target Bluetooth probe via the LoRa network through multiple hops. After receiving the data upload command, the target Bluetooth probe switches its buffer and sends the data in the buffer to the host computer in packets. After receiving all the packets, the host computer merges all the packets and performs integrity verification. After verifying the integrity, the data is pushed to the cloud platform via the 4G network.

7. A Bluetooth probe device for beacon area positioning based on LoRa self-organizing network communication according to claim 6, characterized in that, The host computer sequentially sends parameter configuration instructions to the designated Bluetooth probes and polls each Bluetooth probe. The polling instructions are transmitted to the target Bluetooth probe via a multi-hop LoRa network. The target Bluetooth probe configures its parameters according to the sent parameter configuration instructions, including modifying the scanning interval and modifying the LoRa transmit power.

8. A Bluetooth probe device for beacon area positioning based on LoRa self-organizing network communication according to claim 7, characterized in that, The polling command is transmitted to the target Bluetooth probe via a multi-hop network and performs the following operations: The host computer sends a construction packet to Bluetooth probe A based on the LoRa self-organizing network protocol. After receiving the construction packet, Bluetooth probe A judges whether it is a command sent to itself. If it does not, it forwards the packet, queries the routing table, constructs a new packet, and sends the new packet to Bluetooth probe B, which is closer to the target Bluetooth probe. After receiving the construction packet, Bluetooth probe B judges whether it is a command sent to itself. If it does, it forwards the packet, queries the routing table again, constructs a new packet, and sends the new packet to Bluetooth probe C. After receiving the construction packet, Bluetooth probe C judges whether it is a command sent to itself. If it does, it switches its buffer and prepares to upload data to the host computer.

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