A machine body structure of a multi-directional die forging hydraulic press

Abstract

This invention discloses a frame structure for a multi-directional forging hydraulic press, belonging to the technical field of forging equipment. The structure includes an upper crossbeam, a lower crossbeam, a left column, a right column, and a left, right, and rear crossbeam. The upper crossbeam is fixedly connected at both ends to the upper ends of the left and right columns, respectively. The left column is fixedly connected perpendicularly to the left crossbeam, and the right column is fixedly connected perpendicularly to the right crossbeam. The left, right, and rear crossbeams are pre-tightened together by tie rods to form a U-shaped rigid load-bearing structure with an opening facing forward and an inwardly turned edge. The lower crossbeam is connected to the lower part of the left and right crossbeams. This U-shaped structure independently bears horizontal working force and achieves internal closed-loop self-balancing, allowing the lower crossbeam to bear only vertical forging pressure. This solves the problems of poor strength and rigidity of traditional slider guides and the related issues caused by the lower crossbeam simultaneously bearing vertical and horizontal forces. It has the advantages of easy operation with a front opening, lightweight structure, and good precision retention.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of forging equipment technology, and specifically to the body structure of a multi-directional die forging hydraulic press. Background Technology

[0002] Multi-directional forging hydraulic presses are used to apply pressure to forgings in multiple vertical and horizontal directions, enabling the one-time forming of complex forgings. Traditional multi-directional forging hydraulic presses (especially models with horizontal cylinders in the left, right, and rear directions) typically employ an integral frame or modular body. The left and right cylinders are symmetrically arranged, and the rear cylinder is mounted on the rear crossbeam and connected to the left, right, and lower crossbeams via tie rods. The lower crossbeam must withstand both horizontal and vertical forces, resulting in poor guide rail stress distribution, a bulky structure, high cost, and low precision.

[0003] For example, the utility model patent CN204975174U discloses a new horizontal frame structure for a multi-directional forging extrusion hydraulic press. This structure uses a movable crossbeam and a lower crossbeam to form the horizontal frame to bear the horizontal force generated by the horizontal cylinder. The lower crossbeam simultaneously bears complex loads in both the vertical and horizontal directions. Another utility model patent CN 201140260Y discloses a side-pull-fixed multi-directional forging hydraulic press, which uses front and rear struts and tie rods to pull and fix the left and right side beams. However, this structure is enclosed on four sides, making it impossible to achieve a front opening, which is not conducive to automated loading and unloading. Furthermore, the force of the rear cylinder needs to be transmitted through the tie rod, resulting in a complex structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a body structure for a multi-directional forging hydraulic press, so as to solve the problems of bulky body and poor force distribution on guide rail caused by the lower crossbeam bearing both vertical and horizontal forces in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] The body structure of the multi-directional forging hydraulic press includes an upper crossbeam, a lower crossbeam, a left column, a right column, a left crossbeam, a right crossbeam, and a rear crossbeam; the left column is connected to or integrally formed with the left crossbeam, and the right column is connected to or integrally formed with the right crossbeam; the two ends of the upper crossbeam are respectively connected to the upper ends of the left column and the right column; the two ends of the rear crossbeam are respectively connected to the rear ends of the left crossbeam and the right crossbeam, so that the left crossbeam, the right crossbeam, and the rear crossbeam form a U-shaped structure with an opening facing forward and an inwardly turned edge; the lower crossbeam is connected to the lower part of the left crossbeam and the right crossbeam.

[0007] Furthermore, the left crossbeam has a mounting structure for mounting the left hydraulic cylinder, the right crossbeam has a mounting structure for mounting the right hydraulic cylinder, the rear crossbeam has a mounting structure for mounting the rear hydraulic cylinder, and the upper crossbeam has a mounting structure for mounting the main hydraulic cylinder.

[0008] Furthermore, the left column and left crossbeam are connected to the upper crossbeam and lower crossbeam on the upper side via a left vertical tie rod, and the right column and right crossbeam are connected to the upper crossbeam and lower crossbeam on the upper side via a right vertical tie rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the rear crossbeam is connected to the left and right crossbeams by a horizontal tie rod, and the rear crossbeam is located diagonally behind and suspended from the lower crossbeam.

[0010] Furthermore, a connecting key is provided at the joint surface of the rear crossbeam with the left and right crossbeams to transmit lateral shear force.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner side of the inner flange is provided with a guide rail extending in the vertical direction.

[0012] Furthermore, the slider connected to the main hydraulic cylinder is slidably assembled with the guide rail, and an upper mold is connected to the lower side of the slider; a worktable is provided on the upper side of the lower crossbeam for connecting the lower mold.

[0013] Furthermore, the horizontal force of the rear cylinder forms a closed-loop force flow inside the U-shaped structure: the horizontal rearward force generated by the rear cylinder body is transmitted to the left and right crossbeams via the rear crossbeam and connecting key; the horizontal forward force generated by the rear cylinder plunger is transmitted to the left and right crossbeams via the punch, forging, upper and lower dies, slider and lower worktable, and guide rail; the two forces in opposite directions are balanced within the U-shaped structure.

[0014] Furthermore, the left and right oil cylinders respectively output horizontal forging pressure to the left and right of the U-shaped structure. The two pressures are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, acting directly on the left and right crossbeams and canceling each other out inside the U-shaped structure.

[0015] Furthermore, the lower crossbeam is only used to bear the pressure of the main hydraulic cylinder in the vertical direction.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention, through optimized structural design and layout, creates a U-shaped rigid structure composed of a left crossbeam, a right crossbeam, and a rear crossbeam. This structure can independently bear the horizontal working force generated by the left, right, and rear hydraulic cylinders, achieving closed-loop self-balancing within the structure, preventing the horizontal force from being transmitted to the lower crossbeam. The lower crossbeam only bears the vertical forging pressure generated by the main hydraulic cylinder, significantly reducing cross-sectional dimensions and weight, thus lowering manufacturing costs. The U-shaped structure opens forward, without a front crossbeam or front hydraulic cylinder obstruction, facilitating automated loading and unloading and mold replacement. The inner flange of the U-shaped structure provides lateral support for the guide rail, optimizing the guide rail's stress distribution and extending its service life. This is particularly suitable for applications requiring extremely high rear cylinder force, avoiding the drawbacks of traditional guide rail structures that are weak in strength and only suitable for small-tonnage rear cylinder forces. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the body structure of the multi-directional forging hydraulic press of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural view of the body structure of the multi-directional forging hydraulic press of the present invention from another angle (excluding the columns); Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the combination of part of the U-shaped structure and the lower crossbeam; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the upper and lower molds placed in the U-shaped structure. 1. Upper crossbeam; 21. Left column; 22. Right column; 31. Left crossbeam; 31. Inner flange; 32. Right crossbeam; 4. Rear crossbeam; 5. Lower crossbeam; 51. Worktable; 6. Front guide rail; 7. Connecting key; 81. First horizontal tie rod; 82. Second horizontal tie rod; 83. Vertical tie rod; 91. Slider; 92. Upper mold; 93. Lower mold. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Embodiments of the present invention: like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the frame structure of the multi-directional forging hydraulic press includes an upper crossbeam 1, a lower crossbeam 5, a left column 21, a right column 22, a left crossbeam 31, a right crossbeam 32, and a rear crossbeam 4. The left crossbeam 31 has a mounting structure for installing the left hydraulic cylinder, the right crossbeam 32 has a mounting structure for installing the right hydraulic cylinder, and the rear crossbeam 4 has a mounting structure for installing the rear hydraulic cylinder. The upper crossbeam 1 has a mounting structure for installing the main hydraulic cylinder. The installation method of the hydraulic cylinders is not described in detail and is a conventional technique. In this embodiment, a front hydraulic cylinder is not required.

[0020] The two ends of the upper crossbeam 1 are connected to the upper ends of the left column 21 and the right column 22, respectively. The left column 21 is located above the left crossbeam 31 and is connected to the left crossbeam 31. The right column 22 is located above the right crossbeam 32 and is connected to the right crossbeam 32. The left column 21 and the left crossbeam 31 are connected to the upper crossbeam 1 and the lower crossbeam 5 on the upper side through a pair of vertical tie rods 83 on the left side. The right column 22 and the right crossbeam 32 are connected to the upper crossbeam 1 and the lower crossbeam 5 on the upper side through a pair of vertical tie rods 83 on the right side. The vertical tie rods 83 are used with nuts to connect the components.

[0021] The two ends of the rear crossbeam 4 are connected to the rear ends of the left crossbeam 31 and the right crossbeam 32, respectively, so that the left crossbeam 31, the right crossbeam 32, and the rear crossbeam 4 form a U-shaped structure with an opening facing forward and an inwardly turned edge. The inwardly turned edge structure at the front and rear can be understood as forming a shallow groove structure that is open at both ends and approximately U-shaped. The rear crossbeam 4 is connected to the left crossbeam 31 and the right crossbeam 32 by a first horizontal tie rod 81 with a nut. The front parts of the left crossbeam 31 and the right crossbeam 32 are connected by a second horizontal tie rod 82 with a nut. There is a pair of second horizontal tie rods 82, which are spaced apart vertically (one is set at the top and one at the bottom) to avoid the front opening of the U-shaped structure and not affect the feeding operation. In order to improve stability, a second horizontal tie rod 82 with a nut is also provided between the rear sections of the left crossbeam 31 and the right crossbeam 32. This second horizontal tie rod 82 is set close to the rear crossbeam 4.

[0022] Connecting keys 7 are provided at the joint surfaces of the rear crossbeam 4 with the left crossbeam 31 and the right crossbeam 32 to transmit lateral shear force. The connecting keys 7 are flat keys, and two connecting keys 7 are provided at each joint surface, arranged vertically. The rear ends of the left crossbeam 31 and the right crossbeam 32 extend rearward to form the lower crossbeam 5, so that the rear crossbeam 4 is located diagonally behind and suspended from the lower crossbeam 5.

[0023] The lower crossbeam 5 is connected to the lower part of the left crossbeam 31 and the right crossbeam 32, and supports the left crossbeam 31 and the right crossbeam 32.

[0024] The left and right crossbeams 31 and 32 are provided with flat keys with a length along the left and right direction at the joint surfaces with the lower crossbeam 5. The left and right columns 22 are also provided with flat keys with a length along the left and right direction at the joint surfaces with the upper crossbeam 1. These keys can play a role in pre-positioning during installation and, together with the tie rod connection, achieve the stability of the frame structure.

[0025] The inner side of the U-shaped inner flange is provided with guide rails extending vertically, arranged in pairs on the left and right and front and back, for sliding assembly of slider 91. The guide rails are mounted on the mounting structure on the inner side of the inner flange 311. Figure 4 The front guide rail 6 is marked in the center. The inner flange structure provides lateral support to the guide rail, improving its stress distribution. The slider 91 is connected to the main hydraulic cylinder, and the upper mold 92 is connected to the lower side of the slider 91. A worktable 51 is provided on the upper side of the lower crossbeam 5 for connecting the lower mold 93. The upper mold 92 and the lower mold 93 are used together to form the workpiece. The specific structure of the mold is not described in detail, but is selected according to the specific forging type.

[0026] During operation, the horizontal force of the rear cylinder forms a closed-loop force flow within the U-shaped structure: the horizontal rearward force generated by the rear cylinder body is transmitted to the left crossbeam 31 and right crossbeam 32 via the rear crossbeam 4 and connecting key 7, with the force direction horizontally rearward; the horizontal forward force generated by the rear cylinder plunger is transmitted to the left crossbeam 31 and right crossbeam 32 via the punch, forging, upper and lower dies 93, slider 91, lower worktable 51, and front guide rail 6, with the force direction horizontally forward; the two opposing forces are balanced within the U-shaped structure. The left and right cylinders output horizontal forging pressure to the left and right respectively to the U-shaped structure. The two forces are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, acting directly on the left crossbeam 31 and right crossbeam 32, and canceling each other out within the U-shaped structure. Ultimately, all horizontal forging pressures are balanced in a closed loop within the U-shaped rigid structure consisting of the left crossbeam 31, right crossbeam 32, rear crossbeam 4, connecting key 7, and horizontal tie rod. The lower crossbeam 5 only needs to bear the pressure of the main hydraulic cylinder in the vertical direction and does not need to bear any horizontal reaction force, thus achieving stress optimization and lightweight design of the fuselage structure.

[0027] In other embodiments, the left column and left crossbeam, and the right column and right crossbeam are integrally cast.

[0028] In this embodiment, the term 'crossbeam' refers to a large rigid component used to mount the hydraulic cylinder and bear the main load, without limiting its spatial orientation. The upper and lower crossbeams are arranged horizontally, the left and right crossbeams are arranged vertically, and the rear crossbeam is arranged vertically.

[0029] In this embodiment, a hydraulic cylinder is used as the force source. In other embodiments, the design concept of balancing horizontal forces using a U-shaped structure can be referenced, and a pneumatic cylinder, electric cylinder, etc. can be used to replace the corresponding hydraulic cylinder.

[0030] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this invention can be combined with each other.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only used for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0033] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The frame structure of a multi-directional die forging hydraulic press, characterized in that: It includes an upper crossbeam, a lower crossbeam, a left column, a right column, a left crossbeam, a right crossbeam, and a rear crossbeam; the left column is connected to or integrally formed with the left crossbeam, and the right column is connected to or integrally formed with the right crossbeam; the two ends of the upper crossbeam are connected to the upper ends of the left column and the right column, respectively; the two ends of the rear crossbeam are connected to the rear ends of the left crossbeam and the right crossbeam, respectively, so that the left crossbeam, the right crossbeam, and the rear crossbeam form a U-shaped structure with an opening facing forward and an inwardly turned edge; the lower crossbeam is connected to the lower part of the left crossbeam and the right crossbeam.

2. The frame structure of the multi-directional forging hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left crossbeam has a mounting structure for mounting the left hydraulic cylinder, the right crossbeam has a mounting structure for mounting the right hydraulic cylinder, the rear crossbeam has a mounting structure for mounting the rear hydraulic cylinder, and the upper crossbeam has a mounting structure for mounting the main hydraulic cylinder.

3. The frame structure of the multi-directional forging hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left column and left crossbeam are connected to the upper crossbeam and lower crossbeam on the upper side via a left vertical tie rod, and the right column and right crossbeam are connected to the upper crossbeam and lower crossbeam on the upper side via a right vertical tie rod.

4. The frame structure of the multi-directional forging hydraulic press according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rear crossbeam is connected to the left and right crossbeams by a horizontal tie rod, and the rear crossbeam is located diagonally behind and suspended from the lower crossbeam.

5. The frame structure of the multi-directional forging hydraulic press according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rear crossbeam is provided with a connecting key at the joint surface with the left and right crossbeams to transmit lateral shear force.

6. The frame structure of the multi-directional forging hydraulic press according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner side of the inward flange is provided with a guide rail extending in the vertical direction.

7. The frame structure of the multi-directional forging hydraulic press according to claim 6, characterized in that: The slider connected to the main hydraulic cylinder is slidably assembled with the guide rail, and the upper mold is connected to the lower side of the slider; a worktable is provided on the upper side of the lower crossbeam for connecting the lower mold.

8. The frame structure of the multi-directional forging hydraulic press according to claim 7, characterized in that: The horizontal force of the rear cylinder forms a closed-loop force flow inside the U-shaped structure: the horizontal rearward force generated by the rear cylinder body is transmitted to the left and right crossbeams via the rear crossbeam and connecting key; the horizontal forward force generated by the rear cylinder plunger is transmitted to the left and right crossbeams via the punch, forging, upper and lower dies, slider and lower worktable, and guide rail; the two forces in opposite directions are balanced within the U-shaped structure.

9. The frame structure of the multi-directional forging hydraulic press according to claim 2 or 8, characterized in that: The left and right oil cylinders respectively output horizontal forging pressure to the left and right of the U-shaped structure. The two pressures are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, acting directly on the left and right crossbeams and canceling each other out inside the U-shaped structure.

10. The frame structure of the multi-directional forging hydraulic press according to claim 9, characterized in that: The lower crossbeam is only used to bear the pressure of the main hydraulic cylinder in the vertical direction.

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