Automatic polishing equipment for crankshaft main journal

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of crankshaft main journal grinding technology, specifically to an automatic crankshaft main journal grinding device, including a clamping mechanism, a stabilizing mechanism, and an adapting mechanism. The clamping mechanism includes a support frame and a chuck rotatably engaged with the support frame. In this invention, a hydraulic cylinder one cooperates with a jaw to fix one end of the crankshaft, and then a hydraulic cylinder two and a clamping rod are moved to the other end of the crankshaft. By controlling the extension of the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder two, the clamping rod is pressed against the outer wall of the crankshaft. Then, when the grinding wheel is infinitely close to the outer end of the crankshaft, it is connected to the external grinding wheel's propulsion mechanism, and then the threaded rod is tightened. After that, for every step the external grinding wheel advances, the three-leaf plate indirectly connected to the adjusting rod will retract one step. This maintains a safe distance between the external grinding wheel and the grinding wheel, and clamps the crankshaft body in an optimal way, thereby reducing the probability of radial runout or axial movement of the crankshaft due to centrifugal force and maintaining the forming quality of the crankshaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crankshaft main journal grinding technology, specifically to an automatic crankshaft main journal grinding device. Background Technology

[0002] The crankshaft is a major rotating component of the engine. With the connecting rod attached, it transforms the reciprocating motion of the connecting rod into a cyclic (rotational) motion. It is a crucial component of the engine, made of carbon structural steel or ductile iron, and has two important parts: the main journal and the connecting rod journal (and others). The main journal is mounted on the cylinder block. The connecting rod journal connects to the big end bore of the connecting rod, and the small end bore connects to the piston in the cylinder, forming a typical crankshaft-slider mechanism. Crankshaft lubrication primarily refers to the lubrication of the connecting rod big end bearings and the crankshaft connecting rod journal, as well as the lubrication of the two fixed points at both ends. The rotation of the crankshaft is the power source of the engine and the driving force of the entire mechanical system.

[0003] Traditional equipment often uses a single chuck at the bottom to hold the crankshaft, positioning one end of the crankshaft only with a three-jaw chuck. The other end of the crankshaft lacks an effective centering and reinforcement structure. As a result, when the crankshaft is ground at high speed by a grinding wheel, it is prone to radial runout or axial movement due to centrifugal force, leading to out-of-tolerance journal dimensions and surface vibration marks after grinding. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.

[0005] Therefore, the technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: An automatic crankshaft main journal grinding device includes a clamping mechanism, a stabilizing mechanism, and an adapting mechanism. The clamping mechanism includes a support frame, a chuck rotatably engaged with the support frame, a motor fixed between the support frame and the chuck, three frames annularly fixed to the outside of the chuck, three hydraulic cylinders respectively fixed inside the three frames, and grippers fixed to the movable ends of the hydraulic cylinders. The grippers are slidably inserted into the chuck. The three hydraulic cylinders are connected in series. The stabilizing mechanism includes an L-frame fixed to one side of the support frame, a guide rod rotatably connected to the L-frame, and a guide rod fixed to the support frame. The frame consists of three T-shaped columns on the outside, a support frame slidably connected between the guide rod and the three T-shaped columns, three clamping rods inserted into the support frame, three hydraulic cylinders connected in series between the support frame and the three clamping rods, and an adaptation mechanism. The adaptation mechanism includes a photoelectric sensor fixed to one side of the support frame, a rod sleeve fixed to the outer wall of the support frame, a hollow L-tube with an interference fit to the rod sleeve, an adjusting rod slidably passing through the outer end of the hollow L-tube, and a threaded rod screwed to the hollow L-tube. The inner end of the threaded rod is in interference fit with the outer wall of the adjusting rod.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, hydraulic cylinder one cooperates with the clamp to fix one end of the crankshaft, and then hydraulic cylinder two and the clamping rod are moved to the other end of the crankshaft. By controlling the extension of the movable end of hydraulic cylinder two, the clamping rod is made to fit tightly against the outer wall of the crankshaft. Then, when the grinding wheel is infinitely close to the outer end of the crankshaft, it is connected to the external grinding wheel's propulsion mechanism. Then the threaded rod is tightened. After that, for every step the external grinding wheel advances, the three-leaf plate indirectly connected to the adjusting rod will retract one step. This can maintain a safe distance between it and the grinding wheel, and can clamp the crankshaft body in the optimal way, thereby reducing the probability of radial runout or axial movement of the crankshaft due to centrifugal force, and maintaining the forming quality of the crankshaft.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention can be further configured such that: the support frame is composed of a three-leaf plate and a plurality of binding rings, the plurality of binding rings being arranged in groups of two, and the three groups of binding rings being located on the outer sides of three hydraulic cylinders respectively, the binding rings being integrally formed with the three-leaf plate.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention may be further configured such that the T-shaped column and the support frame are both made of metal material and both are mirror-polished.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention may be further configured such that: a purging mechanism is provided on the outer side of the L-frame, the purging mechanism comprising a motor fixed between the support frame and the guide rod, a cam fitted to the outer side of the L-frame and fixed to the guide rod, an airbag interference-fitted to the bottom of the cam, a frame sleeved on the outer side of the airbag and fixed to the L-frame, and three hoses fixed between the support frame and the airbag.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention can be further configured such that the chuck, motor one, guide rod and motor two are horizontally coaxial, and motor one, hydraulic cylinder one, hydraulic cylinder two, photoelectric sensor and motor two are all electrically connected to an external PLC.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention may be further configured such that the inside of the hose is connected to the inside of the airbag, and a filter screen is screwed onto the outer end of the hose.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention may be further configured such that: three straps are sleeved on the outside of the hose body, the three straps are equally spaced and arranged in a row, and the straps are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the support frame.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: 1. In this invention, hydraulic cylinder one cooperates with the gripper to fix one end of the crankshaft, and then hydraulic cylinder two and the clamping rod are moved to the other end of the crankshaft. By controlling the extension of the movable end of hydraulic cylinder two, the clamping rod is made to press against the outer wall of the crankshaft. Then, when the grinding wheel is infinitely close to the outer end of the crankshaft, it is connected to the external grinding wheel's propulsion mechanism. Then the threaded rod is tightened. After that, for every step the external grinding wheel advances, the three-leaf plate indirectly connected to the adjusting rod will retract one step. This can maintain a safe distance between it and the grinding wheel, and can clamp the crankshaft body in the optimal way, thereby reducing the probability of radial runout or axial movement of the crankshaft due to centrifugal force, and maintaining the forming quality of the crankshaft.

[0014] 2. In this invention, when the photoelectric sensor detects the approach of the grinding wheel, it transmits this information to the external PLC. The external PLC then starts the second motor, and the guide rod drives the cam to rotate rapidly. Each rotation of the cam compresses the top of the airbag once. When the airbag contracts, the air inside the airbag is output through the hose to blow away the debris generated on the crankshaft. When the airbag opens, it absorbs external air through the hose, thus providing conditions for continuous cleaning of the crankshaft outer wall and preventing debris from wearing down the crankshaft during the grinding process.

[0015] 3. In this invention, when the airbag is repeatedly inflated, external air provides the airbag with the conditions for reshaping through the hose, wherein the air is filtered in real time by the filter disc, thereby ensuring the safety of the airbag during operation, effectively reducing the probability of airbag damage, and maintaining the service life of the airbag. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled clamping mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the stabilization mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the adapting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the purging mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of the structure of part A.

[0017] Figure label: 100. Clamping mechanism; 110. Support frame; 120. Chuck; 130. Motor 1; 140. Frame; 150. Hydraulic cylinder 1; 160. Gripper; 200. Stabilization mechanism; 210. L-frame; 220. Guide rod; 230. T-shaped column; 240. Bearing frame; 241. Three-leaf plate; 242. Binding ring; 250. Clamping rod; 260. Hydraulic cylinder II; 300. Adaptive mechanism; 310. Photoelectric sensor; 320. Rod sleeve; 330. Hollow L-tube; 340. Adjustable rod; 350. Threaded rod; 400. Blowing mechanism; 410. Motor II; 420. Cam; 430. Airbag; 440. Frame; 450. Hose; 500, filter tray; 600. Straps. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0019] It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0020] The following describes, with reference to the accompanying drawings, some embodiments of an automatic crankshaft main journal grinding device provided by the present invention. Example

[0021] Combination Figures 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides an automatic crankshaft main journal grinding device, including a clamping mechanism 100, a stabilizing mechanism 200, and an adapting mechanism 300. The clamping mechanism 100 includes a support frame 110, a chuck 120 rotatably engaged with the support frame 110, a motor 130 fixed between the support frame 110 and the chuck 120, three frames 140 ring-fixed to the outside of the chuck 120, three hydraulic cylinders 150 respectively fixed inside the three frames 140, and a gripper 160 fixed to the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder 150. The gripper 160 is slidably inserted into the chuck 120, and the three hydraulic cylinders 150 are connected in series. The stabilization mechanism 200 includes an L-frame 210 fixed to one side of the support frame 110, a guide rod 220 rotatably connected to the L-frame 210, three T-shaped columns 230 fixed to the outside of the support frame 110, a support frame 240 slidably connected between the guide rod 220 and the three T-shaped columns 230, three clamping rods 250 inserted into the support frame 240, and three hydraulic cylinders 260 fixed between the support frame 240 and the three clamping rods 250, wherein the three hydraulic cylinders 260 are connected in series. The adaptation mechanism 300 includes a photoelectric sensor 310 fixed to one side of the support frame 240, a rod sleeve 320 fixed to the outer wall of the support frame 240, a hollow L-tube 330 that is interference-rotatably connected to the rod sleeve 320, an adjusting rod 340 that slides through the outer end of the hollow L-tube 330, and a threaded rod 350 that is screwed to the hollow L-tube 330, wherein the inner end of the threaded rod 350 is interference-fitted with the outer wall of the adjusting rod 340.

[0022] Furthermore, the support frame 240 is composed of a three-leaf plate 241 and multiple binding rings 242. The multiple binding rings 242 are arranged in groups of two, forming three groups. The three groups of binding rings 242 are located on the outside of the three hydraulic cylinders 260 respectively. The binding rings 242 and the three-leaf plate 241 are integrally formed. The structure of the support frame 240 serves to stabilize and bind the hose 450, so as to make the pneumatic cleaning crankshaft surface run stably.

[0023] Furthermore, both the T-shaped column 230 and the support frame 240 are made of metal and have undergone mirror polishing. This process reduces wear on the T-shaped column 230 when the support frame 240 slides left and right, and also reduces noise generation.

[0024] Furthermore, the inside of the hose 450 is connected to the inside of the airbag 430, and a filter disc 500 is screwed onto the outer end of the hose 450. The filter disc 500 can prevent impurities from entering the airbag 430 when the hose 450 is inhaling air.

[0025] Furthermore, the hose 450 is externally sleeved with three straps 600. The three straps 600 are equally spaced and arranged in a row. The straps 600 are fixed to the outer wall of the support frame 240. The straps 600 further improve the secure installation of the hose 450 and effectively prevent the hose 450 from becoming tangled. Example

[0026] Combination Figure 1 , 6 and Figure 7As shown, based on Embodiment 1, a blowing mechanism 400 is provided on the outer side of the L-frame 210. The blowing mechanism 400 includes a motor 410 fixed between the support frame 110 and the guide rod 220, a cam 420 fitted to the outer side of the L-frame 210 and fixed to the guide rod 220, an airbag 430 interference-fitted to the bottom of the cam 420, a frame 440 sleeved on the outer side of the airbag 430 and fixed to the L-frame 210, and three hoses 450 fixed between the support frame 240 and the airbag 430. When sensor 310 detects the approach of the grinding wheel, it transmits this information to the external PLC. The external PLC then starts motor 410, and guide rod 220 drives cam 420 to rotate rapidly. Each rotation of cam 420 compresses the top of airbag 430 once. When airbag 430 contracts, the air inside airbag 430 is output through hose 450 to blow away the debris generated on the crankshaft. When airbag 430 opens, it absorbs external air through hose 450, thus providing conditions for continuous cleaning of the crankshaft outer wall and preventing debris from wearing down the crankshaft during the grinding process. Example

[0027] Combination Figure 1-7 As shown, in the above embodiment, the chuck 120, motor 130, guide rod 220 and motor 2 410 are horizontally coaxial. The motor 130, hydraulic cylinder 150, hydraulic cylinder 260, photoelectric sensor 310 and motor 2 410 are all electrically connected to an external PLC. This structural design improves the intelligence of the device and makes it more convenient to use.

[0028] Working principle and usage process of this invention: Before this device is put into actual use, the movable ends of hydraulic cylinder 150 and hydraulic cylinder 260 are controlled by an external PLC to retract, so that the crankshaft to be ground can be inserted into chuck 120. When this device is put into actual use, after the crankshaft is pressed against the chuck 120, the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder 150 is extended, and then the three jaws 160 cooperate to clamp one end of the crankshaft. Then, the bearing frame 240 slides along the guide rod 220 and moves to the other end of the crankshaft with the moving hydraulic cylinder 260 and clamping rod 250. Then, the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder 260 is extended until the clamping rod 250 is pressed against the crankshaft. By limiting both ends of the crankshaft, the crankshaft during processing can be kept stable. Meanwhile, as the grinding wheel gets infinitely close to the outer end of the crankshaft, the adjusting rod 340 is pulled outward along the hollow L-tube 330 so that its outer end can be connected to the grinding wheel's propulsion mechanism. Then, the threaded rod 350 is tightened. Then, for every step the grinding wheel advances, the support frame 240 passively connected to the adjusting rod 340 will retract one step along the guide rod 220. This ensures that the clamping rod 250 and the grinding wheel maintain a safe distance in real time, so that the crankshaft body can be continuously supported. This reduces the probability of the crankshaft causing radial runout or axial movement due to centrifugal force, and maintains the forming quality of the crankshaft.

[0029] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic grinding device for crankshaft main journals, characterized in that, include: The clamping mechanism (100) includes a support frame (110), a chuck (120) rotatably engaged with the support frame (110), a motor (130) fixed between the support frame (110) and the chuck (120), three frames (140) circumferentially fixed to the outside of the chuck (120), three hydraulic cylinders (150) respectively fixed inside the three frames (140), and a gripper (160) fixed to the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder (150). The gripper (160) is slidably inserted into the chuck (120), and the three hydraulic cylinders (150) are connected in series. The stabilization mechanism (200) includes an L-frame (210) fixed to one side of the support frame (110), a guide rod (220) rotatably connected to the L-frame (210), three T-shaped columns (230) fixed to the outside of the support frame (110), a support frame (240) slidably connected between the guide rod (220) and the three T-shaped columns (230), three clamping rods (250) inserted into the support frame (240), and three hydraulic cylinders (260) fixed between the support frame (240) and the three clamping rods (250), the three hydraulic cylinders (260) being connected in series; The adaptation mechanism (300) includes a photoelectric sensor (310) fixed to one side of the support frame (240), a rod sleeve (320) fixed to the outer wall of the support frame (240), and a hollow L-tube (330) interference-rotatedly connected to the rod sleeve (320).

2. The automatic grinding equipment for crankshaft main journals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hollow L-tube (330) has an adjusting rod (340) slidingly passing through its outer end. The hollow L-tube (330) is screwed with a threaded rod (350). The inner end of the threaded rod (350) is in interference fit with the outer wall of the adjusting rod (340).

3. The automatic grinding equipment for crankshaft main journals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame (240) is composed of a three-leaf plate (241) and multiple binding rings (242). The multiple binding rings (242) are arranged in groups of two, and are set in three groups. The three groups of binding rings (242) are located on the outside of the three hydraulic cylinders (260). The binding rings (242) and the three-leaf plate (241) are integrally formed.

4. The automatic grinding equipment for crankshaft main journals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The T-shaped column (230) and the support frame (240) are both made of metal and have been mirror polished.

5. The automatic grinding equipment for crankshaft main journals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The L-frame (210) is provided with a blowing mechanism (400) on the outside. The blowing mechanism (400) includes a motor (410) fixed between the support frame (110) and the guide rod (220) and a cam (420) attached to the outside of the L-frame (210) and fixed to the guide rod (220).

6. The automatic grinding equipment for crankshaft main journals according to claim 5, characterized in that, An airbag (430) is press-fitted to the bottom of the cam (420), and a frame (440) is sleeved on the outside of the airbag (430). The frame (440) is fixedly connected to the L-frame (210), and three hoses (450) are fixedly connected between the support frame (240) and the airbag (430).

7. The automatic grinding equipment for crankshaft main journals according to claim 6, characterized in that, The chuck (120), motor one (130), guide rod (220) and motor two (410) are horizontally coaxial. Motor one (130), hydraulic cylinder one (150), hydraulic cylinder two (260), photoelectric sensor (310) and motor two (410) are all electrically connected to an external PLC.

8. An automatic crankshaft main journal grinding device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inside of the hose (450) is connected to the inside of the airbag (430), and a filter disc (500) is screwed onto the outer end of the hose (450).

9. An automatic grinding device for crankshaft main journals according to claim 6, characterized in that, The hose (450) has three straps (600) connected to its outer side. The three straps (600) are evenly spaced and arranged in a row. The straps (600) are fixed to the outer wall of the support frame (240).

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