Dyeing and finishing method capable of preventing white spot problem of spandex-containing dull lustrous polyamide fabric

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of dyeing and finishing, and relates to a dyeing and finishing method capable of preventing the problem of white spot of ammonia-spandex-containing dull lycra fabric, which sequentially comprises a pre-dyeing treatment stage, a pre-setting stage, a one-bath dyeing stage, a water washing and fixing stage and a setting stage; the pre-dyeing treatment stage refers to that the fabric sequentially passes through the processes of flat desizing, flat preshrinking and desizing and oil-removing water washing; the processes of flat preshrinking and desizing and oil-removing water washing are divided into a continuous preshrinking stage, a desizing and oil-removing stage and a water washing stage; the preshrinking stage is controlled by temperature and tension in 2-3 sections; the temperature of each section is gradually increased, and the temperature of the first section is not lower than 70 DEG C, and the temperature of the last section is not higher than 90 DEG C; the tension control of each section is gradually increased, and the tension control of the first section is not lower than 30 N, and the tension control of the last section is not higher than 40 N. The dyeing and finishing method of the present application greatly reduces the white spot occurrence rate of finished fabric, and also obviously reduces the defect conditions such as color mottle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of dyeing and finishing technology, and relates to a dyeing and finishing method that can prevent white spots on fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon. Background Technology

[0002] Nylon, also known as polyamide, has many amide bonds in its macromolecular chains, with amino and carboxyl groups at the chain ends. It can be dyed with reactive dyes, weakly acidic dyes, and neutral dyes, with weakly acidic and neutral dyes being the most commonly used in actual production. However, the production and weaving of nylon fabrics, especially those containing spandex, often involves the use of large amounts of sizing agents and oils. The presence of these sizing agents and oils not only reduces the fabric's whiteness but also easily leads to white spots caused by their accumulation on the fabric during pretreatment desizing, degreasing, and washing. Furthermore, the accumulation of residual sizing agents and oils on the fabric surface can cause uneven dyeing. This is mainly because the residue of sizing agents and oils on the fabric surface reduces the hydrophilicity of some areas, or oil stains cause the accumulation of dyes, chemicals, and impurities, resulting in irregular white spots and dye rejection.

[0003] Several technical solutions have been proposed to address vitiligo, but some problems still exist:

[0004] For example, patent CN202311333001.3 discloses an acidic leveling agent and its preparation method, which can effectively prevent the formation of white spots and remove floating dye and heavy metal ions from fibers. However, a specific acidic leveling agent needs to be added.

[0005] Patent CN202411515002.4 discloses a dyeing method for nylon-spandex fabrics with high spandex content. It involves three degreasing processes to thoroughly remove textile oils from the fabric and avoid oil stains. However, this requires multiple degreasing steps, making the process complex.

[0006] Patent CN201711492735.0 discloses a highly efficient, short-process dyeing and finishing technology for nylon knitted fabrics using a one-bath method. This technology enables short-process pretreatment and dyeing of nylon knitted fabrics, ensuring the dimensional and morphological stability of the nylon fabrics and eliminating common problems in conventional processes such as fabric wrinkles, abrasions, color variations, and batch differences. However, this method is designed for knitted fabrics and cannot solve the problem of sizing residue in woven fabrics.

[0007] Patent CN202310959909.9 discloses a dyeing and finishing process for polyester-spandex twisted slub fabric, which prepares a finished fabric that meets the requirements through washing, pre-setting, dyeing, and finishing. The process utilizes a six-chamber washing machine with added degreasing agents; the washing temperatures of the six-chamber machine are 70℃ / 85℃ / 88℃ / 62℃ / 40℃ / 25℃; the degreasing agents are degreasing agent OX 2g / L and strong dispersant CS 2g / L. Washing with the six-chamber machine and corresponding thermometers and degreasing agents can effectively remove spandex oil from the raw fabric, avoiding white spots and color streaks in the dyeing process. However, this method cannot solve the problem of difficult removal of internal sizing impurities caused by the permeability of matte fabrics.

[0008] CN201711489564.6 discloses a short-process dyeing and finishing process for nylon-viscose fabrics. It employs a one-bath, one-step dyeing process that simultaneously completes reactive dyeing, color fixing, and neutral acid dyeing in a neutral dye bath. The dyeing and finishing process for nylon knitted fabrics is as follows: pretreatment → pre-setting → dyeing → finishing. The pretreatment includes the following steps: (1) padding and settling; (2) high-efficiency flat-width washing. This washes away various sizing agents, auxiliaries, and contaminating impurities from the fabric; thoroughly removes the spinning oil added during the spinning process of nylon, reducing the occurrence of "white stains and white spots." However, it cannot solve the problem of white spots that easily occur in nylon fabrics containing ammonia sizing agents.

[0009] CN201610452953.0 discloses a dyeing method for lightweight fabrics to prevent stains, white spots, and loose dye. The method includes: pre-treatment of the lightweight fabric: opening, pre-shrinking, and pre-setting; dyeing: after one degreasing step, adding color-correcting agent HS-200, high-temperature leveling agent, oligomer dispersant, chelating agent, glacial acetic acid, and sodium acetate in different batches to the dye bath, with the pH of the dye bath being 3.8–4.3; then adding dye and dispersant, and dyeing at a higher temperature; after dyeing, washing, dehydration, fabric conditioning, setting, and rolling to obtain a lightweight fabric free of stains, white spots, and loose dye. This method significantly improves the problem of stains, white spots, and loose dye on lightweight fabrics, and the process is stable and simple. However, this process is only applicable to polyester fabrics and not to nylon or spandex-containing nylon fabrics.

[0010] CN202211070039.1 discloses a scouring and bleaching process for lyocell knitted fabrics. Before scouring and bleaching, the fabric is treated with an anti-fibrillation agent, and the parameters of the scouring and bleaching process are controlled, achieving excellent anti-fibrillation effects on lyocell knitted fabrics. This reduces the tendency of lyocell knitted fabrics to fibrillate during scouring and bleaching, preventing defects such as "frost," "white spots," and creases, and improving product quality and the first-pass success rate of dyeing and printing. However, this method is not applicable to nylon fabrics.

[0011] In summary, although existing technologies can improve the performance of nylon fabrics and reduce white spots on the fabric surface under certain specific conditions, they are limited by dye formulations, auxiliaries, and corresponding pretreatment conditions. Their adaptability to different product types and processes is insufficient, and they cannot solve the problems of white spots, white patches, and color variations that occur in matte nylon fabrics containing spandex during the dyeing and finishing process.

[0012] Therefore, it is of great significance to study a dyeing and finishing method that can prevent white spots on fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon, in order to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0013] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and provide a dyeing and finishing method that can prevent white spots on fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon.

[0014] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0015] A dyeing and finishing method for preventing white spots on fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon includes, in sequence, a pre-dyeing treatment stage, a pre-setting stage, a same-bath dyeing stage, a washing and color-fixing stage, and a setting stage.

[0016] The pre-dyeing treatment stage refers to the process in which the fabric undergoes desizing, pre-shrinking, desizing, oil removal, and washing in sequence. This invention combines the multiple processes of pre-shrinking, desizing, oil removal, and washing into one process, which is carried out in the same equipment (desizing, refining, and washing machine).

[0017] The process of flat-width pre-shrinking and desizing / degreasing washing is divided into a continuous pre-shrinking stage, a desizing / degreasing stage, and a washing stage.

[0018] The pre-shrinking stage involves 2-3 stages of temperature and tension control; the temperature of each stage gradually increases, with the temperature of the first stage not lower than 70℃ and the temperature of the last stage not higher than 90℃; the tension of each stage gradually increases, with the tension of the first stage not lower than 30N and the tension of the last stage not higher than 40N.

[0019] The desizing and degreasing stage involves two stages of temperature and tension control; the temperature of the first stage is not lower than 85℃, the temperature of the second stage is not higher than 95℃, the tension of the first stage is not lower than 40N, and the tension of the second stage is not higher than 50N.

[0020] The washing stage involves 3-4 stages of temperature and tension control; the temperature of each stage gradually decreases, with the temperature of the first stage not exceeding 90℃ and the temperature of the last stage not lower than 60℃; the tension of each stage gradually increases, with the tension of the first stage not lower than 48N and the tension of the last stage not higher than 65N.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution:

[0022] The dyeing and finishing method described above, which can prevent white spots on fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon, involves a flat-width desizing process in which the fabric is desized in an OS-type desizing machine at a speed of 40-70 m / min.

[0023] The OS-type desizing machine includes an alkali tank and three washing tanks located after the alkali tank. The temperature in the alkali tank is 90~95℃, and the temperatures of the three washing tanks, from front to back, are 60~70℃, 50~60℃, and 40~50℃, respectively. The composition of the flat-width desizing liquid in the alkali tank is: 20~30g / L of liquid alkali, 3~6g / L of desizing agent, and 1.0~3.0g / L of dispersant. The desizing agent is at least one of the following: long-running rapid desizing agent TF-127HA, oxidative desizing agent TF-127A, and functional scouring agent HS-113L. The dispersant is at least one of the following: chelating dispersant JN-180N, chelating dispersant TF-133F(SH), and chelating dispersant TF-510C.

[0024] The main purpose of this stage is to remove most of the sizing and oil from the fiber surface. The sizing of chemical fiber fabrics will swell under high temperature alkaline conditions (90~95℃), but alkaline conditions with excessively high temperatures, such as 100℃, can easily damage the fibers. Therefore, the temperature in the alkali tank of this invention is set to 90~95℃.

[0025] During the water washing stage, since the high-concentration alkaline solution and the dissolved slurry have moderate viscosity and good fluidity at 40~70℃, they can be effectively washed away. Therefore, the overall temperature range of the water washing tank is set at 40~70℃.

[0026] Gradual cooling can prevent the sizing agent from re-coagulating on the fabric due to a sudden drop in temperature, and it can also prevent uneven thermal shrinkage.

[0027] The initial washing temperature should not be too high; otherwise, the sizing agents and oils will swell excessively, resulting in too low viscosity. This makes them easily diffuse into the fiber interior with the water molecules instead of being washed away by the water flow. Specifically, the machine speed and initial washing temperature are related to parameters such as the fabric's weight per meter, as follows:

[0028] Thin fabrics with a weight per meter (g / m² = g / m² × width) of less than 120 g / m have a thinner sizing layer and usually require a higher machine speed to prevent fiber damage. However, this sacrifices some processing time, so a higher initial washing temperature is needed to improve washing efficiency.

[0029] For thick fabrics with a weight of 180g / m or more, the sizing agent is thicker. A lower machine speed is used to allow the sizing agent to penetrate and swell evenly, and then it is removed by washing. At the same time, a lower initial washing temperature is used to reduce fiber damage.

[0030] For fabrics with a weight of 120-180 g / m, a moderate machine speed and a moderate initial washing temperature should be used. Furthermore, the specific initial washing temperature for fabrics with a weight of 120-180 g / m is also affected by the spandex denier (D number) in the fabric. The higher the spandex D number, the easier it is for heat to accumulate inside the fabric at the same initial washing temperature, leading to greater spandex shrinkage stress. Therefore, a relatively lower initial washing temperature is required.

[0031] The dyeing and finishing method described above for preventing white spots on fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon involves the fabric being passed sequentially through a pre-wetting tank, an auxiliary agent tank, and a washing tank of a pre-shrinking washing machine containing multiple sections. The pre-shrinking stage is completed in the pre-wetting tank, the desizing and oil removal stage is completed in the auxiliary agent tank, and the washing stage is completed in the washing tank. The machine speed is 20~40m / min.

[0032] The auxiliary agent components in the auxiliary agent tank are: dispersant 5~10g / L, degreasing agent 10~20g / L, and emulsifying refining agent 3~6g / L; the dispersant is one of the following: chelating dispersant TF-133F(SH), chelating dispersant JN-180N, dispersing chelating agent TF-510C, and chelating dispersant TF-133CS; the degreasing agent is one of the following: emulsifying dispersing degreasing agent NX-138, degreasing agent DM-1150A, elastic fabric degreasing agent M-1151C, and degreasing agent DFL; the emulsifying refining agent is one of the following: emulsifying refining agent TF-188A, emulsifying degreasing agent WD-071C, multifunctional emulsifier T, refining degreasing agent TF-109H, and multifunctional scouring agent CDA02.

[0033] The dyeing and finishing method described above, which can prevent white spots on fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon, consists of the first two sections of a multi-section box set. The temperatures of the sections from front to back are 75~80℃ and 85~90℃, respectively, and the tension controls are 32~35N and 37~40N, respectively.

[0034] Alternatively, the pre-wetting tank group consists of the first three sections of a multi-section chamber, with the temperatures of the sections from front to back being 70~75℃, 75~80℃, and 80~85℃, respectively, and the tension controls being 30~32N, 33~35N, and 36~38N, respectively.

[0035] Thin fabrics with a weight below 120 g / m have low molecular chain segment activation energy and high wet heat shrinkage rate. Therefore, excessive shrinkage is likely to occur if the pre-shrinking temperature and tension segment are too high. This is suitable for the above two box-shaped structures.

[0036] Thick fabrics with a weight of 180g / m or more have a higher liquid carrying capacity and coarser fibers, resulting in a longer time to reach the target temperature. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the pre-shrinking temperature section and tension section, while reducing the temperature difference between sections to ensure temperature consistency between the inner and outer layers of the fibers, thereby improving the uniformity of fabric shrinkage. This is suitable for the above-mentioned three-section box configuration.

[0037] For fabrics with a weight of 120~180g / m, the selection of the number of boxes is also affected by the spandex denier in the fabric. The higher the spandex denier (greater than 40D), the more likely the heat conduction will be delayed. The processing temperature and tension need to be appropriately reduced, while increasing the temperature range and tension range to reduce the phenomenon of excessive shrinkage and stretching of the fabric.

[0038] During the pre-shrinking stage, the temperature and tension differences between adjacent sections of the pre-wetting tank should not be too large. Excessive temperature and tension differences will cause the fabric surface to shrink along with the nylon, and the internal pores will initially increase due to the slippage of the spandex monofilaments, then decrease due to external tension compaction, ultimately resulting in a "dense surface, loose interior" state, and the fabric's elasticity will also be impaired. Specifically:

[0039] When the fabric weight is below 120 g / m, the fabric is relatively light and thin, with good thermal conductivity and uniform heating. The initial pre-shrinking temperature is set above 75℃ to ensure the shrinkage of the nylon and spandex components in the fabric. The initial pre-shrinking temperature is also affected by the denier (D) number of the spandex in the fabric; the smaller the D number, the higher the temperature, but it should not exceed 80℃. The initial tension is set below 35 N to prevent overstretching of the fabric and affecting its elasticity. The initial tension setting is also influenced by the D number of the spandex in the fabric. The higher the denier (D) of spandex, the lower the initial tension, but it should not be lower than 32N. If the tension is too low, the fabric will be uneven and the shrinkage stability will be poor. In addition, in order to ensure the uniformity of shrinkage during the pre-shrinking process and form stable channels, the inter-segment temperature difference and tension difference of fabrics below 120g / m can be set to 10℃ and 5N, respectively. If the temperature and tension difference are set too high, the fibers will be over-shrinked and over-stretched, and the internal pores will collapse. Conversely, if the temperature and tension difference are set too low, the fiber shrinkage stability will be poor and the probability of unevenness of internal channels will increase.

[0040] When the fabric weight is above 180 g / m, the fabric is relatively thick and has poor thermal conductivity, which can easily lead to inconsistent temperatures inside and outside the core layer and uneven shrinkage. The initial pre-shrinking temperature should be appropriately reduced to ensure uniform shrinkage of the nylon and spandex components in the fabric. At the same time, the setting of the initial pre-shrinking temperature is also affected by the spandex denier (D) number in the fabric. When the spandex D number is low, a higher temperature is required to overcome the intermolecular forces, so the initial temperature is relatively higher. For fabrics with a weight above 180 g / m, when the spandex D number is below 40 D, an initial tension of 32 N can ensure a smooth and flat fabric surface. Subsequently, as the spandex D number increases (greater than 40 D), the shrinkage stability during wet heat treatment is better, so the initial tension can be gradually reduced, but not lower than 30 N. In addition, in order to ensure uniform shrinkage during the pre-shrinking process and form stable channels, the temperature rise and tension gradient of fabrics with a weight above 180 g / m need to be reduced. The inter-segment temperature difference and tension difference can be set to 5℃ and 3N, respectively.

[0041] When the fabric weight is between 120 and 180 g / m, setting appropriate initial temperature and initial tension is crucial. If the initial tension and temperature are too high, the fabric surface will be too tight, affecting fiber shrinkage and elasticity. Conversely, if the initial tension and temperature are too low, the fabric surface will be too loose, making uneven shrinkage more likely. Experiments have shown that when the spandex denier (D) is less than 40D, the inter-segment temperature and tension differences can be set to 10℃ and 5N, with two temperature and tension segments. When the spandex denier is above 40D, its shrinkage force is significantly enhanced. To ensure its shrinkage stability, the initial tension and initial temperature need to be further reduced; the inter-segment temperature and tension differences can be set to 4-6℃ and 3N, with three temperature and tension segments.

[0042] The dyeing and finishing method described above for preventing white spots on fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon involves an auxiliary agent tank consisting of the middle two sections of a multi-section tank. The temperatures of the sections from front to back are 85~90℃ and 85~95℃, respectively, and the tensions are controlled at 40~45N and 44~50N.

[0043] During the desizing and degreasing stage, the initial tension and initial temperature are controlled at 40~45N and 85~90℃, respectively. If the initial tension and temperature are too high, the fabric surface will be too tight, affecting fiber shrinkage and elasticity. Conversely, if the initial tension and temperature are too low, the fabric surface will be too loose, making it more prone to uneven shrinkage. Furthermore, by controlling the tension and temperature in stages, the internal pore channels of the fibers are maintained, while increasing the temperature enhances the effect of the additives. However, the maximum treatment temperature in this stage should not exceed 95℃, and the tension should not exceed 50N. The maximum tension and maximum temperature in this stage should be adjusted accordingly based on changes in basis weight / meter weight and spandex denier. Excessive treatment temperature or excessive tension can easily cause pore collapse and a decrease in strength.

[0044] As described above, a dyeing and finishing method for preventing white spots on fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon is used. The washing tank assembly consists of the last three sections of a multi-section box. The temperatures of the sections from front to back are 85~90℃, 75~80℃, and 65~70℃, respectively, and the tension controls are 50~55N, 54~60N, and 58~65N, respectively.

[0045] Alternatively, the washing tank assembly consists of the last four sections of a multi-section tank, with temperatures of 80~90℃, 75~85℃, 70~75℃, and 60~65℃ for each section from front to back, and tension controls of 48~49N, 50~52N, 52~55N, and 54~58N respectively.

[0046] During the washing stage, the core layer of thick fabrics has a high heat capacity, making it prone to surface temperature drops while residual heat in the core layer continues to be released, leading to post-shrinkage. Furthermore, thick fabrics retain more residual liquid. Therefore, the process requires adding a washing stage, while also carefully controlling temperature and tension differences and reducing machine speed to minimize the temperature difference between the surface and the interior, thus preventing residual heat shrinkage. Therefore, thick fabrics are suitable for four-section housings.

[0047] Thin fabrics have low liquid content and dissipate heat quickly. If the temperature difference is too large, the wet modulus of the nylon will rise rapidly, making it easy to be stretched into "warp stripes" by subsequent tension. Therefore, this type of thin fabric is suitable for 3-section box-type structures.

[0048] In addition, the selection of the number of boxes is also affected by the spandex denier in the fabric. The higher the spandex denier (greater than 40D), the more likely the heat conduction will be delayed. The washing temperature and tension need to be appropriately reduced. At the same time, the temperature range and tension range should be increased to ensure that the core temperature and surface temperature are consistent. Meanwhile, the temperature and tension difference should be reduced to reduce the rapid cooling stress and reduce the shrinkage phenomenon after cooling.

[0049] During the washing stage, the temperature and tension difference between adjacent sections of the washing tank should not be too large. If the temperature difference is too large, the fibers are prone to sudden cooling, which can cause abrupt changes in the movement of molecular chain segments and easily lead to dimensional instability such as creases. If the tension difference is too large, the internal stress of the fibers is prone to remain, which can cause the pores to collapse and the internal residual additives and sizing to deteriorate the washing performance.

[0050] When the fabric weight is below 180 g / m and the spandex denier is below 40 D, its heat dissipation uniformity is good. Therefore, its cooling gradient can be wider, and the temperature difference between sections can be set to 10℃. The suitable temperature range is 3 sections. Among them, fabrics with a weight of below 120 g / m and a spandex denier of below 40 D are relatively thin and have a denser structure. The washing water does not easily penetrate into the fiber interior. The initial water washing temperature in this stage should be controlled at 85~90℃, and the final water washing temperature should be controlled at 65~70℃ according to the gradient. For fabrics with a weight of 120~180 g / m and a spandex denier of below 40 D, the weight and spandex denier are moderate, and the washing water penetrates more easily than the former. The initial water washing temperature in this stage can be controlled at 85~88℃ according to the original temperature gradient, and the final water washing temperature can be controlled at 65~68℃.

[0051] When the fabric weight is below 180 g / m and the spandex denier is greater than 40 D, due to the large shrinkage and resilience of the spandex, sudden cooling shrinkage should be avoided to ensure washing stability. Therefore, the cooling and tension gradient should be narrowed, the temperature difference between sections can be set to 5℃, and the suitable temperature range is 4 sections. Therefore, the initial stage washing temperature is controlled at 85℃. However, considering that the viscosity of the sizing agents and oils inside the fiber increases as the temperature decreases, in order to prevent the sizing agents and oils from re-adhering to the fiber due to the shrinkage and rebound of the fabric during the washing process, the cooling gradient can be increased after the temperature drops to 75℃, the temperature difference between sections is set to 10℃, and the temperature of the last section washing is controlled at 65℃. At the same time, the problem of poor shrinkage stability caused by the sudden drop in fabric temperature after washing is also avoided.

[0052] When the fabric weight is greater than 180 g / m and the spandex denier is less than 40 D, its heat dissipation uniformity is poor. However, its elasticity due to spandex shrinkage is lower than that of fabrics with a spandex denier greater than 40 D. Therefore, the initial cooling and tension gradient should be narrowed, and the temperature difference between sections can be set to 5℃. The suitable temperature range is 4 sections. Since there is relatively more oil and sizing agent inside the fiber, the initial stage water washing temperature should be controlled at 90℃ to ensure that the washing water fully penetrates. When the temperature drops to 85℃, the kinetic energy of the water washing molecules is weakened to a certain extent, and the fabric shrinks more evenly at this time. The pores inside the fiber are relatively stable. In order to improve the washing efficiency and reduce the back adhesion of sizing agent and oil, the cooling gradient can be increased, and the temperature difference between sections can be set to 10℃. The temperature of the last section of water washing should be controlled at 65℃.

[0053] When the fabric weight is greater than 180 g / m and the spandex denier is greater than 40 D, its heat dissipation uniformity is poor, and the spandex shrinkage resilience is also large. Therefore, the initial cooling and tension gradient should be narrowed, and the inter-stage temperature difference can be set to 5℃. The suitable temperature range is four stages. Although there is a large amount of sizing agent inside the fibers, considering the fiber's shrinkage stability, the initial washing stage temperature is controlled at 80℃. Simultaneously, due to its greater rapid cooling stress, it is more prone to poor shrinkage stability after washing. When the temperature drops to 70℃, the cooling gradient can be increased, and the inter-stage temperature difference is set to 10℃. The final washing stage temperature is controlled at 60℃. To ensure the washing effect of this fabric during the washing stage, the machine speed is generally reduced to extend the washing time and compensate for the decreased washing effect caused by the low stage temperature.

[0054] Furthermore, gradient tension control was also implemented during the water washing stage of this invention:

[0055] Fabrics with a weight of less than 120g / m and a spandex denier of less than 20D have finer fibers and a denser structure, so it is necessary to control a larger tension to accelerate the penetration and extrusion of auxiliary agents such as sizing agents and oils inside the fibers. The tension gradient can be wider, the tension difference can be set to 5N, and it is suitable to have 3 tension segments. Therefore, the initial tension of this stage should be controlled at 55N, and the tension of the last washing stage should be controlled at 65N.

[0056] Fabrics with a weight of less than 120g / m and a spandex denier of 20~40D have enhanced shrinkage resilience due to their higher spandex denier. Therefore, their tension gradient needs to be appropriately reduced. The tension difference can be set to 4N, and the appropriate tension range is 3 segments. Thus, the initial tension in this stage should be controlled at 52N, and the tension in the last washing stage should be controlled at 60N.

[0057] Fabrics with a weight of less than 120g / m and a spandex denier greater than 40D are more difficult to control in terms of shrinkage stability due to the higher spandex denier. Their tension gradient needs to be further reduced. The tension difference can be set to 3N, and the appropriate tension range is 4 segments. Therefore, the initial tension in this stage should be controlled at 49N, and the tension in the last washing stage should be controlled at 58N.

[0058] Fabrics with a weight of 120~180g / m and spandex denier below 40D have a slower relaxation stress due to their coarser fibers. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the tension and tension difference to reduce the accumulation of residual stress. The tension difference can be set to 4N, and the tension range is suitable to be 3 stages. The initial tension of this stage should be controlled at 50~51N, and the tension of the last washing stage should be controlled at 58~59N.

[0059] Fabrics with a weight of 120~180g / m and a spandex denier greater than 40D have enhanced shrinkage resilience. Therefore, it is necessary to appropriately reduce the tension to prevent damage to elasticity caused by overstretching. The tension difference can be set to 3N, and the suitable tension range is 4 segments. Therefore, the initial tension of this stage should be controlled at 48N, and the tension of the last washing stage should be controlled at 57N.

[0060] For fabrics with a weight greater than 180 g / m and a spandex denier of less than 40 D, the tension needs to be further reduced to prevent stress from exceeding the limit. The tension difference can be set to 3 N, and the suitable tension range is 4 segments. Therefore, the initial tension in this stage should be controlled at 49 N, and the tension in the last washing stage should be controlled at 58 N.

[0061] Fabrics with a weight greater than 180 g / m and a spandex denier greater than 40 D have greater shrinkage resilience and are more prone to stress accumulation. Therefore, the tension difference should be further reduced. Thus, the tension difference can be set to 2 N, and the appropriate tension range is 3 segments. The initial tension of this segment should be controlled at 48 N, and the final washing tension should be controlled at 54 N.

[0062] In summary, when the washing tank assembly consists of 3 sections, the temperatures of the sections from front to back are 85~90℃, 75~80℃, and 65~70℃, respectively, with tension controls of 50~55N, 54~60N, and 58~65N, respectively. When the washing tank assembly consists of 4 sections, the temperatures of the sections from front to back are 80~90℃, 75~85℃, 70~75℃, and 60~65℃, respectively, with tension controls of 48~49N, 50~52N, 52~55N, and 54~58N, respectively.

[0063] The dyeing and finishing method described above for preventing white spots on fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon includes the following predetermined process parameters: temperature of 185~195℃, machine speed of 20~35m / min, fan speed of 1000~1400r / min, and overfeed rate of 15~30%.

[0064] The dyeing and finishing method described above for preventing white spots on fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon involves a single-bath dyeing stage where the pre-shaped fabric is placed in an overflow dyeing machine, and anti-white spot working solution and dye liquor are added sequentially, followed by dyeing using a one-bath dyeing process.

[0065] The anti-white spot working solution is a mixed solution of alkaline leveling agent M-228A, acidic leveling agent TF-217BR, and white spot remover RC-66 (i.e., the anti-white spot working solution is composed of alkaline leveling agent M-228A, acidic leveling agent TF-217BR, and white spot remover RC-66). The mass ratio of alkaline leveling agent M-228A, acidic leveling agent TF-217BR, and white spot remover RC-66 is 6:5:4. The concentration of the anti-white spot working solution is 2.4~3 g / L (i.e., in the overall liquid including dye liquor and auxiliaries during the dyeing stage, the total mass of alkaline leveling agent M-228A, acidic leveling agent TF-217BR, and white spot remover RC-66 is 2.4~3 grams per liter). The dye liquor is a neutral dye solution or an acidic dye solution, and the amount of dye liquor used is 0.12~5.5% of the pre-shaped fabric.

[0066] The dyeing bath ratio is 1:9~20; the relevant parameters of the overflow dyeing machine are: main pump frequency 32~35Hz, pressure 0.11~0.15MPa, and fabric speed 350~550m / min.

[0067] During the same-bath dyeing stage, as the dyeing temperature rises, the binding force between the particles of matting agent, residual sizing agent and oil agent inside and on the surface of the fabric and the fibers weakens due to the intensified thermal motion and fiber swelling. These particles gradually desorb, fall off and are released into the dye liquor to form a free suspension system. In the later stage, as the dyeing temperature decreases, the energy of this system decreases, and the particles are very easy to re-aggregate and be unevenly deposited on the fabric surface again due to the weakening of Brownian motion and van der Waals attraction, forming permanent white spots.

[0068] To prevent this phenomenon, this invention adds an alkaline leveling agent M-228A to the dyeing solution. The hydrophilic segments in its molecular structure can form a stable spatial barrier on the particle surface through hydration, effectively isolating the particles and reducing their collision and aggregation probability, achieving initial dispersion stability during the high-temperature stage. Simultaneously, a white spot remover RC-66 is added. As a strong anionic surfactant, it can penetrate into the interstitial gaps between initially aggregated particles, reducing interfacial energy through emulsification, dispersion, and solubilization, and utilizing the electrostatic repulsion generated by the negative charge to redisperse the soft aggregates. The alkaline leveling agent M-228A and the white spot remover RC-66 synergistically construct a dual dynamic stabilization network of "spatial barrier prevention - electrostatic repulsion repair." The former provides durable spatial protection, while the latter provides powerful charge repair, ensuring high dispersion of the particle system throughout the dyeing cycle and fundamentally preventing agglomeration and redeposition.

[0069] In addition, the present invention also incorporates the acidic leveling agent TF-217BR, which has a specific affinity for nylon amide groups. Through competitive dyeing, it slows down the dyeing rate, allowing the dye to be evenly distributed between nylon and spandex, preventing color differences caused by differences in fiber dyeing rates and white spots indirectly highlighted by local dye aggregation.

[0070] In summary, the compound working solution of this invention, through the synergistic effect of the alkaline leveling agent M-228A, the charge repair and redispersion of the white spot remover RC-66, and the leveling regulation of the acidic leveling agent TF-217BR, forms a complete solution for the two core problems of "particle shedding-redeposition" and "uneven dyeing", and achieves comprehensive and effective control of white spots and color variations.

[0071] To achieve the optimal balance of the triple synergistic effects of "spatial barrier prevention - electrostatic repulsion repair - leveling control" and ensure sustained dispersion stability and leveling effect during the dynamic process of high-temperature dyeing, this invention requires controlling the mass ratio of alkaline leveling agent M-228A, acidic leveling agent TF-217BR, and white spot remover RC-66 to 6:5:4. This specific ratio is the critical point of functional ratio determined through systematic optimization experiments: if the proportion of alkaline leveling agent M-228A decreases, the spatial barrier effect is insufficient, and the particle dispersion stability decreases at high temperatures; if the proportion of acidic leveling agent TF-217BR decreases, the competitive and retarding dyeing effects weaken, easily leading to increased differences in dyeing on nylon / spandex and white spots appearing; if the proportion of white spot remover RC-66 decreases, the redispersion ability of already aggregated particles is insufficient, and the initial defects cannot be effectively eliminated. The 6:5:4 ratio of the three components precisely achieves the synergistic peak of dispersion, leveling, and cleaning redispersion functions, thereby achieving comprehensive suppression of white spots and color variations throughout the dyeing process.

[0072] Furthermore, the basic leveling agent M-228A, the acidic leveling agent TF-217BR, and the white spot remover RC-66 have ionic properties of anionic / nonionic, anionic / nonionic, and anionic, respectively, so the three can coexist. Anionic surfactants and nonionic surfactants can be mixed, and the mixture may improve the overall performance, such as enhancing surface activity and improving micellar stability.

[0073] The dyeing and finishing method described above for preventing white spot problems in fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon includes a single-bath dyeing process as follows: First, add the anti-white spot working solution and run it for 3-5 minutes. Then, increase the temperature to 50°C at a rate of 0.5-2.0°C / min. Next, add the dye solution while simultaneously increasing the temperature to 60-65°C at a rate of 0.5-0.6°C / min and holding for 10-30 minutes. The dye solution addition time is 10-50 minutes, and the addition must be completed before the end of the holding period. Then, add the acidifier for 10-60 minutes while simultaneously increasing the temperature to 70-75°C at a rate of 0.6-0.7°C / min and holding for 5-10 minutes. Then, increase the temperature to 80-85°C at a rate of 0.6-0.7°C / min and hold for 5-10 minutes. Continue to increase the temperature to 95-98°C and hold for 60-80 minutes. Finally, decrease the temperature to 50°C at a rate of 3.0-5.0°C / min.

[0074] The acidifier is at least one of ammonium sulfate, glacial acetic acid, and pH shifting agent SE-5, and the dosage of a single acidifier is 0.2~1.2 g / L (that is, the mass of a single acidifier added per liter of the total liquid including dye solution and auxiliaries during the dyeing stage is 0.2~1.2 g); the volume of the added acidifier is controlled at 60~80L.

[0075] The dyeing and finishing method described above for preventing white spots on fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon includes the following steps in the washing and fixing stage: The dyed fabric is washed in batches in an overflow dyeing machine, with each wash using 1800-2200L of water at a temperature of 50-60℃ for 5 minutes. After each wash, the liquid is drained before the next wash, and this process is repeated 3 times. Then, an acidic fixing agent, such as DM-2537, TF-506N, or HS-268, is added at a dosage of 2-3wt% (by fabric weight), and the temperature is raised to 70-80℃ and maintained for 20-30 minutes. After the maintenance period, the temperature is lowered to room temperature at a rate of 3.0-5.0℃ / min.

[0076] The dyeing and finishing method described above for preventing white spots on fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon includes a water-based setting stage. The setting process parameters include: a temperature of 160-165℃, a machine speed of 20-30m / min, a fan speed of 1200-1400r / min, and an overfeed rate of 10-20%.

[0077] Invention principle:

[0078] Nylon, also known as polyamide, has many amide bonds in its macromolecular chain, with amino and carboxyl groups at the chain ends. It can be dyed with reactive dyes, weakly acidic dyes, and neutral dyes, with weakly acidic and neutral dyes being the most commonly used in actual production. During the production and weaving of nylon fabrics, especially those containing spandex, a large amount of sizing and oiling agents are often used. The presence of sizing and oiling agents not only reduces the whiteness of the fabric, but also easily causes white spots to accumulate on the fabric during pretreatment desizing, degreasing, and washing. Residual sizing and oiling agents on the fabric surface can also lead to uneven dyeing. Because dye molecules have the ability to permeate liquid films, when there is little residual sizing and oiling agent on the fabric surface, the dye diffuses to the fiber surface, thus forming dark spots or uneven dyeing patterns only on the fabric surface (see...). Figures 5-7 However, when there is a large amount of residual sizing agent and oil that forms a solid film, dye molecules have difficulty passing through the solid film barrier, leading to white spots. The severity of the white spots depends on the bonding strength between the solid film and the fabric. If the oil and solid impurities form oil droplets under the emulsification of the emulsifier, and re-adhere to the fabric surface, and then form a solid film again during the heat setting process, this will still cause dye resistance at the adhesion sites, ultimately resulting in white spots.

[0079] Therefore, nylon fabrics, especially those containing spandex, are prone to dyeing defects such as color spots and white spots during the dyeing and finishing process.

[0080] This invention, through segmented temperature and tension control during the pre-shrinking stage, can better open the fiber surface, allowing auxiliaries to penetrate more easily into the fiber interior. Combined with stepped cooling and tension control during the washing stage, this results in more thorough washing of the sizing agent and oiling agent. The specific mechanism of segmented temperature increase and tension control is as follows:

[0081] Pre-shrinkage stage:

[0082] After the fabric has undergone open-width desizing, it has already shrunk initially and some of the sizing agent and a small amount of oil have been removed. In order to further release the internal stress of the fibers, the fabric needs to be pre-shrinked. When the temperature is ≥70℃, the amorphous chain segments of nylon begin to relax and shrink. Therefore, the initial temperature should be at least 70℃ to avoid the situation where spandex shrinks (which occurs at lower temperatures) while nylon does not shrink. When nylon / spandex fabrics are heated, nylon provides the shrinkage force, while spandex provides the rebound resistance. Experiments revealed that as the fabric's weight per meter increases, the initial temperature and tension gradually decrease. This is because thicker fabrics have coarser fibers, resulting in slower stress relaxation, thus requiring lower initial tension to avoid excessive stress accumulation. Conversely, thinner fabrics have finer fibers, leading to faster stress relaxation, necessitating higher initial tension. Subsequently, through gradient heating and gradually increasing tension, the internal stress of the fibers is released uniformly, increasing the inter-chain spacing. Simultaneously, the fibers are stretched axially in an orderly manner, causing the amorphous regions to align and the surface micropores to expand systematically. As the temperature rises, the fiber's shrinkage and rebound capabilities are further enhanced, surface wrinkles unfold, and more internal pores are exposed, providing penetration channels for subsequent additives. Therefore, the maximum tension and maximum control temperature at this stage are controlled at 40 N and 90 °C, respectively, and these values ​​should decrease as the weight per meter and the spandex denier (D number) increase.

[0083] Desizing and degreasing stage:

[0084] At this point, the thermal motion of the molecular chains intensifies. Appropriately increasing the tension is necessary to maintain the channels formed during the pre-shrinking stage, allowing the additives to quickly penetrate the fiber interior and fully emulsify and disperse the internal oil slurry. However, excessively high processing temperatures may cause channel collapse and a decrease in strength.

[0085] Washing stage:

[0086] Due to temperature variations, surface oils and sizing agents are more easily removed under the rinsing action of water flow. On one hand, the gradual cooling causes the internal pores of the fabric to shrink more evenly and fully, resulting in better tensile elasticity. On the other hand, water molecules rapidly enter the pores to wash away internal auxiliaries and oils. Combined with the effect of gradient tension, the fiber cross-section is compressed, changing from a circular to an elliptical shape, increasing the specific surface area, enhancing capillary action, and increasing the fabric's hydrophilicity. Internal auxiliaries and oils are then squeezed out of the pores along with the water molecules. If the washing temperature is too high or the tension is too great, the internal pore stability will be poor, leading to a reduction in pore size and leaving residues of auxiliaries, sizing agents, and oils. Conversely, if the temperature is too low, the water molecules will lack sufficient kinetic energy, resulting in incomplete removal of auxiliaries, sizing agents, and oils.

[0087] If the initial washing temperature in this stage is too low, the water molecules will lack sufficient kinetic energy, resulting in incomplete removal of auxiliaries and sizing agents. If the initial washing temperature is too high, it will reduce the internal pore stability, leaving auxiliaries and sizing agents residue. If the final washing temperature in this stage is too low, it will cause excessive inter-stage rapid cooling and shrinkage stress, reducing the shrinkage stability of the washed and cooled fabric. If the final washing temperature in this stage is too high, sizing agents and other substances inside the fibers may re-adhere to the fibers due to fabric shrinkage and rebound.

[0088] If the tension and tension difference are controlled too low, although the washing water can enter the internal pores of the fiber, it cannot guarantee that the auxiliaries and sizing agents will be washed away from the inside of the fiber. If the tension and tension difference are controlled too high, the fabric surface will be too tight, the rapid cooling stress will increase, and the fabric will be excessively squeezed. This will not only greatly reduce the washing effect, but also cause uneven shrinkage, deformation and damage to the fabric, affecting the shrinkage rate and elasticity of the fabric.

[0089] In addition, the use of anti-white spot working solution during the dyeing stage further disperses and emulsifies residual sizing agents, matting agents, and possible oligomers, greatly reducing the probability of re-staining, thereby significantly reducing the incidence of white spots on the finished fabric and significantly reducing defects such as color variations.

[0090] Beneficial effects:

[0091] (1) The dyeing and finishing method of the present invention can prevent white spots on fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon. By controlling the segmented temperature and tension in the pre-shrinking stage, the fiber surface can be opened better, making it easier for auxiliaries to penetrate into the fiber. Combined with the step-down temperature and tension control in the washing stage, the sizing agent and oil agent are washed more thoroughly, reducing the formation of white spots.

[0092] (2) The dyeing and finishing method of the present invention can prevent white spots in fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon. The finished fabric not only has a significantly reduced white spot incidence rate, but also significantly reduced defects such as color spots. Attached Figure Description

[0093] Figure 1 This is an example diagram illustrating the white spot problem on the fabric in Comparative Example 2;

[0094] Figure 2 Example diagram of the white spot problem on the fabric in Comparative Example 3;

[0095] Figure 3 Example diagram of the white spot problem on fabric in Comparative Example 5;

[0096] Figure 4 Example diagram of the white spot problem on fabric in Comparative Example 6;

[0097] Figures 5-7 These are example images of several common fabric color variations. Detailed Implementation

[0098] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0099] The test methods involved in the performance indicators in the embodiments and comparative examples of this invention are as follows:

[0100] The evaluation of white spots and discoloration is based on the scores in the Appearance Defect Scoring Table of GB / T 17253-2018, and is calculated according to the Appearance Defect Scoring Instructions. A score less than 10 points / 100m 2 This product is free of white spots and discoloration; the incidence of white spots and discoloration is defined as a score of 10 or higher per 100m. 2 Quantity of products / Total number of dyed products × 100%.

[0101] The sources of some of the materials in this invention are shown in Table 1 below:

[0102] Table 1

[0103] substance Manufacturers Alkaline leveling agent M-228A Hangzhou Meigao Huayi Chemical Co., Ltd. Acid leveling agent TF-217BR Zhejiang Chuanhua Chemicals Co., Ltd. RC-66 for removing vitiligo Zhejiang Huasheng Textile Technology Co., Ltd. pH Sliding Agent SE-5 Zhejiang Huasheng Textile Technology Co., Ltd. Long-term rapid desizing agent TF-127HA Zhejiang Chuanhua Chemicals Co., Ltd. Oxidative desizing agent TF-127A Zhejiang Chuanhua Chemicals Co., Ltd. Functional refining agent HS-113L Zhejiang Huasheng Textile Technology Co., Ltd. Chelating dispersant JN-180N Zhejiang Huasheng Textile Technology Co., Ltd. Chelating dispersant TF-133F(SH) Zhejiang Chuanhua Chemicals Co., Ltd. Chelating dispersant TF-510C Zhejiang Chuanhua Chemicals Co., Ltd. Chelating dispersant TF-133CS Zhejiang Chuanhua Chemicals Co., Ltd. Emulsifying and dispersing degreasing agent NX-138 Jinjiang Nanxing Printing and Dyeing Materials Co., Ltd. Degreaser DM-1150A Guangdong Demei Fine Chemical Group Co., Ltd. M-1151C, an oil remover for elastic fabrics Hangzhou Meigao Huayi Chemical Co., Ltd. RUCOGEN® DFL degreaser Rudolf Chemical (Dongguan) Co., Ltd. Emulsifying refining agent TF-188A Zhejiang Chuanhua Chemicals Co., Ltd. Emulsified degreasing agent WD-071C Nanfeng County Daxin Technology Co., Ltd. Multifunctional Emulsifier T Shaoxing Haicheng Chemical Co., Ltd. Refining Degreasing Agent TF-109H Zhejiang Chuanhua Chemicals Co., Ltd. Multi-purpose refining agent DIADAVIN® CDA02 Tona Trading (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Blue 2RS Zhejiang Kale Chemical Co., Ltd. Yagsete Navy Blue M-RV Shanghai Yayun Textile & Chemical Co., Ltd. Yellow NHF-S Zhejiang Mingyi New Material Technology Co., Ltd. Grey B-NS Zhejiang Mingyi New Material Technology Co., Ltd. 4424 Yellow Shanghai Honglu Chemical Co., Ltd. Red B-NS Zhejiang Mingyi New Material Technology Co., Ltd. 4384 Sauce Red Shanghai Yayun Textile & Chemical Co., Ltd. Black 2S-BL Jinhua Shuanghong Chemical Co., Ltd. 4382 Tibetan Blue Shanghai Yayun Textile & Chemical Co., Ltd. 4383 Huang Shanghai Yayun Textile & Chemical Co., Ltd. Jujube Red BS Jinhua Shuanghong Chemical Co., Ltd. 4423 Gray Shanghai Honglu Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0104] Example 1

[0105] A dyeing and finishing method for preventing white spot problems in matte nylon fabrics containing spandex, wherein the matte nylon fabric is matte nylon four-way stretch (Kunming Dongli New Material Technology Co., Ltd.), the fabric weight is 130 g / m, the fabric width is 156 cm, and the spandex denier is 20D. The specific steps are as follows:

[0106] (1) Pre-dyeing treatment stage:

[0107] This refers to the process of fabrics sequentially undergoing flat-width desizing, flat-width pre-shrinking, and desizing / degreasing washing. The flat-width pre-shrinking and desizing / degreasing washing process is divided into a continuous pre-shrinking stage, a desizing / degreasing stage, and a washing stage. The flat-width pre-shrinking and desizing / degreasing washing process involves the fabric passing through the pre-wetting tank, auxiliary agent tank, and washing tank of a flat-width pre-shrinking washing machine containing multiple sections in a flat-width manner, at a speed of 30m / min.

[0108] (1.1) Flat-width desizing process;

[0109] The flat-width desizing process involves desizing the fabric in a flat-width manner using an OS-type desizing machine at a speed of 70m / min.

[0110] The OS-type desizing machine includes an alkali tank and three water washing tanks located after the alkali tank. The temperature in the alkali tank is 95℃, and the temperatures of the three water washing tanks, from front to back, are 70℃, 60℃, and 50℃, respectively. The composition of the flat-width desizing solution in the alkali tank is: 20g / L liquid alkali, 3g / L desizing agent, 1g / L dispersant I, and the balance is water. The desizing agent is long-running rapid desizing agent TF-127HA, and the dispersant I is chelating dispersant JN-180N.

[0111] (1.2) Pre-shrinkage stage;

[0112] The fabric completes the pre-shrinking stage in the pre-wetting tank group in a flat manner. The pre-wetting tank group consists of the first two sections of a multi-section box. The pre-shrinking stage is controlled by two stages of temperature and tension. The temperature and tension of each section gradually increase. The temperatures of the sections from front to back are 75℃ and 85℃, and the tensions are 32N and 37N, respectively.

[0113] (1.3) Desizing and oil removal stage;

[0114] The fabric undergoes desizing and degreasing in a flat-width auxiliary agent tank. The auxiliary agent tank consists of the two middle sections of a multi-section box. The desizing and degreasing stage involves two stages of temperature and tension control. The temperatures for each stage are 88℃ and 93℃, and the tension controls are 42N and 47N, respectively. The auxiliary agent components in the tank are: dispersant II 6g / L, degreasing agent 12g / L, emulsifying refining agent 3g / L, and the balance is water. Dispersant II is chelating dispersant TF-133F(SH); degreasing agent is emulsifying dispersing degreasing agent NX-138; and emulsifying refining agent is emulsifying refining agent TF-188A.

[0115] (1.4) Washing stage;

[0116] The fabric is washed in a flat-width washing tank assembly, which consists of the last three sections of a multi-section tank. The washing process involves three stages of temperature and tension control. The temperature gradually decreases and the tension gradually increases in each stage. The temperatures of the sections from front to back are 88℃, 78℃, and 68℃, and the tensions are 51N, 55N, and 59N, respectively.

[0117] (2) Pre-design stage:

[0118] The predetermined process parameters include: temperature 185℃, machine speed 35m / min, fan speed 1400r / min, and overfeed rate 15%;

[0119] (3) Same bath staining stage:

[0120] The pre-shaped fabric is placed in an overflow dyeing machine. First, anti-white spot working solution is added, and after running for 5 minutes, the temperature is increased to 50°C at a rate of 2°C / min. Then, dye liquor is added, and while adding the dye liquor, the temperature is increased to 65°C at a rate of 0.6°C / min and held for 10 minutes. The dye liquor addition time is 10 minutes, and the addition must be completed before the end of the holding period. Next, acidifier is added, and the acidifier addition time is 10 minutes. While adding the acidifier, the temperature is increased to 75°C at a rate of 0.7°C / min and held for 5 minutes. Then, the temperature is increased to 85°C at a rate of 0.7°C / min and held for 5 minutes. The temperature is then increased to 98°C and held for 80 minutes. Finally, the temperature is decreased to 50°C at a rate of 5°C / min.

[0121] The anti-white spot working solution is a mixed solution of alkaline leveling agent M-228A, acidic leveling agent TF-217BR, and white spot remover RC-66, with a mass ratio of 6:5:4 and a concentration of 3 g / L. The dyeing solution is a mixed aqueous solution of blue 2RS, Yagesette navy blue M-RV, and yellow NHF-S, with the amounts of blue 2RS, Yagesette navy blue M-RV, and yellow NHF-S being 2.35 wt%, 1.7 wt%, and 1.45 wt% of the pre-shaped fabric, respectively, and a volume of 200 L. The acidifying agent is pH slip agent SE-5, with a dosage of 0.8 g / L; the volume of the added acidifying agent is controlled at 60 L.

[0122] The dyeing bath ratio is 1:18; the relevant parameters of the overflow dyeing machine are: main pump frequency 32Hz, pressure 0.15MPa, and fabric speed 450m / min.

[0123] (4) Washing and color fixing stage:

[0124] The dyed fabrics were washed in batches in an overflow dyeing machine, with each wash using 1800L of water at a temperature of 50℃ for 5 minutes. After each wash, the liquid was drained before the next wash, and this process was repeated 3 times. Then, DM-2537 acidic fixing agent (3wt%) was added, and the temperature was raised to 80℃ and held for 30 minutes. After the holding period, the temperature was lowered to room temperature at a rate of 5℃ / min.

[0125] (5) Finalization stage:

[0126] The color-fixed fabric is placed in a setting machine and set with clean water. The setting process parameters include: temperature of 160℃, machine speed of 20m / min, fan speed of 1400r / min, and overfeed rate of 16%.

[0127] The final finished fabric had a white spot incidence rate of 0.6% and a color spot incidence rate of 0.8%.

[0128] Comparative Example 1

[0129] A dyeing and finishing method that can prevent white spots on matte nylon fabrics containing spandex is basically the same as in Example 1, except that the tension control of each section of the box in step (1.4) is 48N, 55N, and 62N respectively.

[0130] The final finished fabric had a white spot incidence rate of 6% and a color spot incidence rate of 4.0%.

[0131] Comparing Comparative Example 1 and Example 1, it can be found that the incidence of white spots and color variations is increased in Comparative Example 1. This is because the tension of the washing tank increases in a stepwise manner, mainly to continuously peel off the sizing agents on the fabric surface, making it easier to wash off. However, when the tension of the washing tank in Comparative Example 1 is set to 48N→55N→62N, the tension suddenly increases by 7N when entering the final washing stage. Although the tension continues to increase in the last two units of the washing stage, the increase is too large and the tension rises too quickly, which will cause excessive stretching of the fabric structure, resulting in the fabric surface being tightened instantly. This causes the residual sizing agents to curl and accumulate on the fabric surface, which will have an adverse effect on the subsequent dyeing process and will also damage its elastic recovery performance, affecting the quality of the finished product.

[0132] Example 2

[0133] A dyeing and finishing method for preventing white spot problems in matte nylon fabrics containing spandex, wherein the matte nylon fabric is matte nylon four-way stretch (Kunming Dongli New Material Technology Co., Ltd.), the fabric weight is 347 g / m, the fabric width is 182 cm, and the spandex denier is 70D. The specific steps are as follows:

[0134] (1) Pre-dyeing treatment stage:

[0135] This refers to the process of fabrics sequentially undergoing flat-width desizing, flat-width pre-shrinking, and desizing / degreasing washing. The flat-width pre-shrinking and desizing / degreasing washing process is divided into a continuous pre-shrinking stage, a desizing / degreasing stage, and a washing stage. The flat-width pre-shrinking and desizing / degreasing washing process involves the fabric passing through the pre-wetting tank, auxiliary agent tank, and washing tank of a flat-width pre-shrinking washing machine containing multiple sections in a flat-width manner, at a speed of 20m / min.

[0136] (1.1) Flat-width desizing process;

[0137] The flat-width desizing process involves desizing the fabric in a flat-width manner using an OS-type desizing machine at a speed of 40m / min.

[0138] The OS-type desizing machine includes an alkali tank and three water washing tanks located after the alkali tank. The temperature in the alkali tank is 90℃, and the temperatures of the three water washing tanks from front to back are 60℃, 50℃, and 40℃, respectively. The composition of the flat-width desizing liquid in the alkali tank is: 30g / L liquid alkali, 6g / L desizing agent, 3g / L dispersant I, and the balance is water. The desizing agent is a 1:1 mass ratio of long-car rapid desizing agent TF-127HA and functional scouring agent HS-113L, and the dispersant I is a 1:1 mass ratio of chelating dispersant TF-133F(SH) and chelating dispersant TF-510C.

[0139] (1.2) Pre-shrinkage stage;

[0140] The fabric completes the pre-shrinking stage in the pre-wetting tank group in a flat manner. The pre-wetting tank group consists of the first three sections of a multi-section box. The pre-shrinking stage is controlled by three temperature and tension levels. The temperature and tension of each section gradually increase. The temperatures of the sections from front to back are 70℃, 75℃, and 80℃, and the tensions are 30N, 33N, and 36N, respectively.

[0141] (1.3) Desizing and oil removal stage;

[0142] The fabric undergoes desizing and degreasing in a flat-width auxiliary agent tank. The auxiliary agent tank consists of the two middle sections of a multi-section box. The desizing and degreasing stage involves two stages of temperature and tension control; the temperatures for each stage are 85℃ and 85℃, and the tension controls are 40N and 44N, respectively. The auxiliary agent components in the tank are: dispersant II 10g / L, degreasing agent 20g / L, emulsifying refining agent 6g / L, with the balance being water; dispersant II is chelating dispersant JN-180N; degreasing agent is degreasing agent DM-1150A; and emulsifying refining agent is emulsifying degreasing agent WD-071C.

[0143] (1.4) Washing stage;

[0144] The fabric is washed in a flat-width washing tank assembly, which consists of the last four sections of a multi-section tank. The washing process involves four stages of temperature and tension control; the temperature gradually decreases and the tension gradually increases in each stage. The temperatures of the sections from front to back are 80℃, 75℃, 70℃, and 60℃, and the tensions are 48N, 50N, 52N, and 54N, respectively.

[0145] (2) Pre-design stage:

[0146] The predetermined process parameters include: temperature of 195℃, machine speed of 20m / min, fan speed of 1000r / min, and overfeed rate of 30%;

[0147] (3) Same bath staining stage:

[0148] The pre-shaped fabric is placed in an overflow dyeing machine. First, anti-white spot working solution is added, and after running for 4 minutes, the temperature is increased to 50°C at a rate of 1°C / min. Then, dye liquor is added, and while adding the dye liquor, the temperature is increased to 61°C at a rate of 0.55°C / min and held for 30 minutes. The dye liquor addition time is 50 minutes, and the addition is completed before the end of the holding period. Next, acidifier is added, and the acidifier addition time is 60 minutes. While adding the acidifier, the temperature is increased to 71°C at a rate of 0.65°C / min and held for 8 minutes. Then, the temperature is increased to 81°C at a rate of 0.65°C / min and held for 8 minutes. The temperature is then increased to 96°C and held for 70 minutes. Finally, the temperature is decreased to 50°C at a rate of 3.5°C / min.

[0149] The anti-white spot working solution is a mixed solution of alkaline leveling agent M-228A, acidic leveling agent TF-217BR, and white spot remover RC-66, with a mass ratio of 6:5:4 and a concentration of 2.7 g / L. The dyeing solution is a mixed aqueous solution of gray B-NS, 4424 yellow, and red B-NS, with the amounts of gray B-NS, 4424 yellow, and red B-NS being 0.9 wt%, 0.355 wt%, and 0.2245 wt% of the pre-shaped fabric, respectively, and a volume of 160 L. The acidifying agents are pH shifting agent SE-5 and ammonium sulfate, with the amounts of pH shifting agent SE-5 and ammonium sulfate being 0.8 g / L and 0.4 g / L, respectively. The volume of the added acidifying agent is controlled at 75 L.

[0150] The dyeing bath ratio is 1:9; the relevant parameters of the overflow dyeing machine are: main pump frequency 35Hz, pressure 0.12MPa, and fabric speed 500m / min;

[0151] (4) Washing and color fixing stage:

[0152] The dyed fabrics were washed in batches in an overflow dyeing machine, with each wash using 2200L of water at a temperature of 52℃ for 5 minutes. After each wash, the liquid was drained before the next wash, and this process was repeated 3 times. Then, acidic fixing agent TF-506N was added at a concentration of 2wt% relative to the fabric, and the temperature was raised to 75℃ and held for 25 minutes. After the holding period, the temperature was lowered to room temperature at a rate of 3.5℃ / min.

[0153] (5) Finalization stage:

[0154] The color-fixed fabric is placed in a setting machine and set with clean water. The setting process parameters include: temperature of 161℃, machine speed of 22m / min, fan speed of 1200r / min, and overfeed rate of 10%.

[0155] The final finished fabric had a white spot incidence rate of 1.0% and a color spot incidence rate of 1.0%.

[0156] Comparative Example 2

[0157] A dyeing and finishing method that can prevent white spots on fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon is basically the same as in Example 2, except that the temperature and tension control in each stage of step (1) are not segmented, that is, the temperature of the washing tank is fixed at 70°C, the temperature of the pre-wetting tank is fixed at 90°C, the tension control of the pre-wetting tank is fixed at 35N, the temperature of the auxiliary agent tank is fixed at 95°C, the tension control of the auxiliary agent tank is fixed at 44N, the temperature of the washing tank is fixed at 70°C, and the tension control of the washing tank is fixed at 56N.

[0158] The final finished fabric had a white spot incidence rate of 10% and a color spot incidence rate of 5%.

[0159] Comparing Comparative Example 2 and Example 2, it can be found that the incidence of white spots and discoloration in Comparative Example 2 is significantly increased. This is due to the following factors:

[0160] The main purpose of the desizing stage is to break down and emulsify the sizing agents on the fabric and remove them by washing. However, the presence of the sizing film will affect the shrinkage of the fabric. If the temperature of the washing tank is fixed, if the temperature is too high, the sizing agents will enter the fiber interior under the heat and block the pores, making it difficult to wash away. If the temperature is too low, the sizing agents will easily precipitate, deposit in the tank, and stain the fabric surface, increasing the pressure of subsequent processing.

[0161] Pre-wetting tank stage: The pre-wetting tank temperature is fixed, and the fabric is directly exposed to a high temperature of 90℃ upon entering. Due to the large temperature difference, the fabric shrinks unevenly and lacks a temperature adaptation process, resulting in insufficient fiber opening and wetting. Simultaneously, the tension is fixed at 35N, leading to poor fabric stretching and further affecting the uniform penetration of the working solution. Inadequate basic treatment in this stage directly results in subsequent auxiliaries failing to penetrate evenly into the fabric fibers, affecting desizing and degreasing effects.

[0162] In the auxiliary agent bath stage: the temperature of the auxiliary agent bath is set to 95℃. At this temperature, fabric shrinkage will increase, and the fixed tension will directly pull the fabric surface, causing the working solution to quickly penetrate into the fiber interior. Due to the lack of gradual penetration and reaction time in the refining process, some areas of the fabric achieve good refining results, while areas that are not fully wetted are not thoroughly desizing and degreasing, exhibiting a state of "random refining," such as... Figure 1 As shown, the white spots on the fabric are scattered.

[0163] In the washing tank stage: the temperature in the washing tank drops sharply to 70℃, creating a huge temperature difference of 25℃ with the 95℃ of the auxiliary agent tank. According to the principle of thermal expansion and contraction, the fabric will shrink rapidly. This not only adversely affects the fabric's shape but also makes it difficult to completely wash away residual working solution and sizing agents, causing them to stick to the fabric surface and creating potential quality problems for subsequent dyeing processes. In addition, the tension in the washing tank is not designed to increase gradually but is fixed at 56N, preventing the fabric from being stretched evenly and further reducing the cleaning effect of residual auxiliaries and sizing agents.

[0164] Therefore, since the fabric still has a lot of residual sizing agent after the above pretreatment, and due to the poor uniformity of the treatment, the probability of white spots and color spots during subsequent dyeing of the fabric is greatly increased.

[0165] Example 3

[0166] A dyeing and finishing method for preventing white spot problems in matte nylon fabrics containing spandex, wherein the matte nylon fabric is matte nylon four-way stretch (Shaoxing Jusei Textile Co., Ltd.), the fabric weight is 90 g / m, the fabric width is 137 cm, and the spandex denier is 20D. The specific steps are as follows:

[0167] (1) Pre-dyeing treatment stage:

[0168] This refers to the process of fabrics sequentially undergoing flat-width desizing, flat-width pre-shrinking, and desizing / degreasing washing. The flat-width pre-shrinking and desizing / degreasing washing process is divided into a continuous pre-shrinking stage, a desizing / degreasing stage, and a washing stage. The flat-width pre-shrinking and desizing / degreasing washing process involves the fabric passing through the pre-wetting tank, auxiliary agent tank, and washing tank of a flat-width pre-shrinking washing machine containing multiple sections in a flat-width manner, at a speed of 30m / min.

[0169] (1.1) Flat-width desizing process;

[0170] The flat-width desizing process involves desizing the fabric in a flat-width manner using an OS-type desizing machine at a speed of 70m / min.

[0171] The OS-type desizing machine includes an alkali tank and three washing tanks located after the alkali tank. The temperature in the alkali tank is 95℃, and the temperatures of the three washing tanks, from front to back, are 70℃, 60℃, and 50℃, respectively. The composition of the flat-width desizing solution in the alkali tank is: 20g / L liquid alkali, 3g / L desizing agent, 1g / L dispersant I, and the balance is water. The desizing agent is the functional scouring agent HS-113L, and the dispersant I is the chelating dispersant TF-510C.

[0172] (1.2) Pre-shrinkage stage;

[0173] The fabric completes the pre-shrinking stage in the pre-wetting tank group in a flat manner. The pre-wetting tank group consists of the first two sections of a multi-section box. The pre-shrinking stage is carried out through two stages of temperature and tension control. The temperature and tension of each section gradually increase. The temperatures of each section from front to back are 80℃ and 90℃, and the tensions are 35N and 40N, respectively.

[0174] (1.3) Desizing and oil removal stage;

[0175] The fabric undergoes desizing and degreasing in a flat-width auxiliary agent tank. The auxiliary agent tank consists of the two middle sections of a multi-section box. The desizing and degreasing stage involves two stages of temperature and tension control; the temperatures for each stage are 90℃ and 95℃, and the tension controls are 45N and 50N, respectively. The auxiliary agent components in the tank are: dispersant II 5g / L, degreasing agent 10g / L, emulsifying refining agent 3g / L, and the balance is water; dispersant II is dispersing chelating agent TF-510C; degreasing agent is elastic fabric degreasing agent M-1151C; and emulsifying refining agent is multifunctional emulsifier T.

[0176] (1.4) Washing stage;

[0177] The fabric is washed in a flat-width washing tank assembly, which consists of the last three sections of a multi-section tank. The washing process involves three stages of temperature and tension control. The temperature gradually decreases and the tension gradually increases in each stage. The temperatures of the sections from front to back are 90℃, 80℃, and 70℃, and the tensions are 55N, 60N, and 65N, respectively.

[0178] (2) Pre-design stage:

[0179] The predetermined process parameters include: temperature of 185℃, machine speed of 35m / min, fan speed of 1200r / min, and overfeed rate of 15%;

[0180] (3) Same bath staining stage:

[0181] The pre-shaped fabric is placed in an overflow dyeing machine. First, anti-white spot working solution is added, and after running for 4 minutes, the temperature is increased to 50°C at a rate of 1.5°C / min. Then, dye liquor is added, and while adding the dye liquor, the temperature is increased to 63°C at a rate of 0.55°C / min and held for 20 minutes. The dye liquor addition time is 20 minutes, and the addition must be completed before the end of the holding period. Next, acidifier is added, and the acidifier addition time is 50 minutes. While adding the acidifier, the temperature is increased to 73°C at a rate of 0.65°C / min and held for 7 minutes. Then, the temperature is increased to 83°C at a rate of 0.65°C / min and held for 7 minutes. The temperature is then increased to 97°C and held for 75 minutes. Finally, the temperature is decreased to 50°C at a rate of 4°C / min.

[0182] The anti-white spot working solution is a mixed solution of alkaline leveling agent M-228A, acidic leveling agent TF-217BR, and white spot remover RC-66, with a mass ratio of 6:5:4 and a concentration of 2.7 g / L. The dyeing solution is a mixed aqueous solution of gray B-NS, yellow NHF-S, and 4384 maroon, with the amounts of gray B-NS, yellow NHF-S, and 4384 maroon being 0.72 wt%, 1.67 wt%, and 0.493 wt% of the pre-shaped fabric, respectively, and a volume of 170 L. The acidifying agents are pH shifting agent SE-5 and ammonium sulfate, with the amounts of pH shifting agent SE-5 and ammonium sulfate being 0.8 g / L and 0.4 g / L, respectively. The volume of the added acidifying agent is controlled at 70 L.

[0183] The dyeing bath ratio is 1:12; the relevant parameters of the overflow dyeing machine are: main pump frequency 34Hz, pressure 0.14MPa, and fabric speed 400m / min.

[0184] (4) Washing and color fixing stage:

[0185] The dyed fabrics were washed in batches in an overflow dyeing machine, with each wash using 1800L of water at a temperature of 54℃ for 5 minutes. After each wash, the liquid was drained before the next wash, and this process was repeated three times. Then, acidic fixing agent HS-268 was added at a concentration of 2.5wt% relative to the fabric, and the temperature was raised to 78℃ and held for 28 minutes. After the holding period, the temperature was lowered to room temperature at a rate of 4.5℃ / min.

[0186] (5) Finalization stage:

[0187] The color-fixed fabric is placed in a setting machine and set with clean water. The setting process parameters include: temperature of 162℃, machine speed of 24m / min, fan speed of 1300r / min, and overfeed rate of 13%.

[0188] The final finished fabric had a white spot incidence rate of 1.0% and a color spot incidence rate of 1.0%.

[0189] Comparative Example 3

[0190] A dyeing and finishing method that can prevent white spots on fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon is basically the same as in Example 3, except that: in step (1.2), the temperatures of each section of the box are 65°C and 90°C respectively, and the tension is controlled at 25N and 40N respectively.

[0191] The final finished fabric had a white spot incidence rate of 4% and a color spot incidence rate of 3%.

[0192] Comparing Comparative Example 3 and Example 3, it can be found that the incidence of white spots and color variations is increased in Comparative Example 3. This is because the initial temperature and tension setting during the pre-shrinking stage is relatively low. Under this temperature condition, the spandex shrinks while the nylon does not shrink significantly, resulting in a sudden increase in the pore size between fibers. Due to the low initial tension, the fabric is not sufficiently stretched, resulting in insufficient resistance to the elasticity of the spandex and exhibiting a "dense on the surface, loose on the inside" state. When the temperature suddenly rises, the fiber shrinkage suddenly intensifies, and the tension suddenly increases again, causing irregular changes or even disappearance of the fiber pores. Some sizing agents may also remain permanently inside as a result. Figure 2 As shown, the white spots on the fabric are fixed inside the fibers and cannot be removed, which is not conducive to subsequent processing and leads to an increase in the incidence of white spots and discoloration.

[0193] Comparative Example 4

[0194] A dyeing and finishing method that can prevent white spots on matte nylon fabrics containing spandex is basically the same as in Example 3, except that: in step (1.2), the temperatures of each section of the box are 80°C and 95°C respectively, and the tension is controlled at 35N and 45N respectively.

[0195] The final finished fabric had a white spot incidence rate of 3.8% and a color spot incidence rate of 3.2%.

[0196] Comparing Comparative Example 4 with Example 3, it can be found that the incidence of white spots and color spots is increased in Comparative Example 4. This is because thin fabrics with a weight of less than 120 g / m have low molecular chain segment activation energy and high wet heat shrinkage rate. When the pre-shrinking temperature is set too high, over-shrinking is likely to occur, causing the formed channels to shrink and become finer. At the same time, excessive tension can easily lead to excessive stretching of the fabric and damage to the fabric elasticity, which is not conducive to subsequent processing, resulting in an increase in the incidence of white spots and color spots.

[0197] Comparative Example 5

[0198] A dyeing and finishing method that can prevent white spots on matte nylon fabrics containing spandex is basically the same as in Example 3, except that: in step (1.3), the tension control of each section of the box from front to back is 38N and 42N respectively, and the temperature is 83℃.

[0199] The final finished fabric had a white spot incidence rate of 8.0% and a color spot incidence rate of 4.2%.

[0200] Comparing Comparative Example 5 and Example 3, it can be found that the incidence of white spots and color variations is increased in Comparative Example 5. This is because the temperature of the desizing and degreasing section is too low, resulting in insufficient interaction between the additives and the sizing agents, weakened emulsification and dispersion capabilities, and a significant reduction in treatment effectiveness. Simultaneously, due to the excessively low tension, the fabric is too loose and prone to uneven shrinkage, affecting the uniform penetration of the additives and hindering the removal of residual sizing agents within the fibers. This leads to a significant increase in the incidence of white spots and color variations, with more white spots remaining on the fabric surface (see...). Figure 3 ).

[0201] Comparative Example 6

[0202] A dyeing and finishing method that can prevent white spots on fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon is basically the same as in Example 3, except that the temperatures of each section of the chamber in step (1.4) are 92°C, 80°C and 58°C respectively.

[0203] The final finished fabric had a white spot incidence rate of 2.5% and a color spot incidence rate of 3%.

[0204] Comparing Comparative Example 6 and Example 3, it can be found that the incidence of white spots and color bleeding is increased in Comparative Example 6. This is because the temperature of the washing tank in this invention decreases in a stepwise manner, mainly to allow the internal pores of the fiber to shrink slowly, making it easier to wash out the internal oil sizing agent, while preventing the sizing agent from adhering back to the fabric surface and the fiber interior. If the temperature difference is not set properly, such as being too large, the emulsified and dispersed sizing agent will shrink unevenly when it detaches from the fiber surface, resulting in disordered shrinkage of the pores. This leads to incomplete cleaning in some areas, thereby increasing the incidence of white spots and color bleeding, and leaving some white spots on the fabric surface (see...). Figure 4 ).

[0205] Example 4

[0206] A dyeing and finishing method for preventing white spot problems in matte nylon fabrics containing spandex, wherein the matte nylon fabric is matte nylon four-way stretch (Suzhou Mingyu Textile Technology Co., Ltd.), the fabric weight is 146 g / m, the fabric width is 168 cm, and the spandex denier is 40D. The specific steps are as follows:

[0207] (1) Pre-dyeing treatment stage:

[0208] This refers to the process of fabrics sequentially undergoing flat-width desizing, flat-width pre-shrinking, and desizing / degreasing washing. The flat-width pre-shrinking and desizing / degreasing washing process is divided into a continuous pre-shrinking stage, a desizing / degreasing stage, and a washing stage. The flat-width pre-shrinking and desizing / degreasing washing process involves the fabric passing through the pre-wetting tank, auxiliary agent tank, and washing tank of a flat-width pre-shrinking washing machine containing multiple sections in a flat-width manner, at a speed of 30m / min.

[0209] (1.1) Flat-width desizing process;

[0210] The flat-width desizing process involves desizing the fabric in a flat-width manner using an OS-type desizing machine at a speed of 60m / min.

[0211] The OS-type desizing machine includes an alkali tank and three water washing tanks located after the alkali tank. The temperature in the alkali tank is 94℃, and the temperatures of the three water washing tanks, from front to back, are 65℃, 55℃, and 45℃, respectively. The composition of the flat-width desizing solution in the alkali tank is: 25g / L liquid alkali, 4g / L desizing agent, 1.5g / L dispersant I, and the balance is water. The desizing agent is TF-127HA, a fast desizing agent for long-haul vehicles, and dispersant I is chelating dispersant JN-180N.

[0212] (1.2) Pre-shrinkage stage;

[0213] The fabric completes the pre-shrinking stage in the pre-wetting tank group in a flat manner. The pre-wetting tank group consists of the first three sections of a multi-section box. The pre-shrinking stage is controlled by three temperature and tension levels. The temperature and tension of each section gradually increase. The temperatures of the sections from front to back are 75℃, 80℃, and 85℃, and the tensions are 32N, 35N, and 38N, respectively.

[0214] (1.3) Desizing and oil removal stage;

[0215] The fabric undergoes desizing and degreasing in a flat-width auxiliary agent tank. The auxiliary agent tank consists of the two middle sections of a multi-section box. The desizing and degreasing stage involves two stages of temperature and tension control; the temperatures for each stage are 87℃ and 92℃, and the tension controls are 42N and 46N, respectively. The auxiliary agent components in the tank are: dispersant II 7g / L, degreasing agent 15g / L, emulsifying refining agent 4g / L, and the balance is water; dispersant II is chelating dispersant TF-133CS; degreasing agent is degreasing agent RUCOGEN®DFL; and emulsifying refining agent is refining degreasing agent TF-109H.

[0216] (1.4) Washing stage;

[0217] The fabric is washed in a flat-width washing tank assembly, which consists of the last three sections of a multi-section tank. The washing process involves three stages of temperature and tension control. The temperature gradually decreases and the tension gradually increases in each stage. The temperatures of the sections from front to back are 85℃, 75℃, and 65℃, and the tensions are 50N, 54N, and 58N, respectively.

[0218] (2) Pre-design stage:

[0219] The predetermined process parameters include: temperature of 188℃, machine speed of 32m / min, fan speed of 1300r / min, and overfeed rate of 20%;

[0220] (3) Same bath staining stage:

[0221] The pre-shaped fabric is placed in an overflow dyeing machine. First, anti-white spot working solution is added, and after running for 3 minutes, the temperature is increased to 50°C at a rate of 0.5°C / min. Then, dye liquor is added, and while adding the dye liquor, the temperature is increased to 60°C at a rate of 0.5°C / min and held for 30 minutes. The dye liquor addition time is 30 minutes, and the addition must be completed before the end of the holding period. Next, acidifier is added, and the acidifier addition time is 30 minutes. While adding the acidifier, the temperature is increased to 70°C at a rate of 0.6°C / min and held for 10 minutes. Then, the temperature is increased to 80°C at a rate of 0.6°C / min and held for 10 minutes. The temperature is then increased to 95°C and held for 40 minutes. Finally, the temperature is decreased to 50°C at a rate of 4.5°C / min.

[0222] The anti-white spot working solution is a mixed solution of alkaline leveling agent M-228A, acidic leveling agent TF-217BR, and white spot remover RC-66, with a mass ratio of 6:5:4 and a concentration of 2.5 g / L. The dyeing solution is a mixed aqueous solution of gray B-NS, 4424 yellow, and red B-NS, with the amounts of gray B-NS, 4424 yellow, and red B-NS being 0.038 wt%, 0.022 wt%, and 0.06 wt% of the pre-shaped fabric, respectively, and a volume of 150 L. The acidifying agent is ammonium sulfate, with a dosage of 1.2 g / L, and the volume of the added acidifying agent is controlled at 80 L.

[0223] The dyeing bath ratio is 1:17; the relevant parameters of the overflow dyeing machine are: main pump frequency 33Hz, pressure 0.11MPa, and fabric speed 350m / min;

[0224] (4) Washing and color fixing stage:

[0225] The dyed fabrics were washed in batches in an overflow dyeing machine, with each wash using 2000L of water at a temperature of 56℃ for 5 minutes. After each wash, the liquid was drained before the next wash, and this process was repeated 3 times. Then, an acidic fixing agent DM-2537 was added at a concentration of 2wt% relative to the fabric, and the temperature was raised to 70℃ and held for 20 minutes. After the holding period, the temperature was lowered to room temperature at a rate of 3℃ / min.

[0226] (5) Finalization stage:

[0227] The color-fixed fabric is placed in a setting machine and set with clean water. The setting process parameters include: temperature of 163℃, machine speed of 26m / min, fan speed of 1300r / min, and overfeed rate of 15%.

[0228] The final finished fabric had a white spot incidence rate of 0.8% and a color spot incidence rate of 0.6%.

[0229] Example 5

[0230] A dyeing and finishing method for preventing white spot problems in matte nylon fabrics containing spandex, wherein the matte nylon fabric is matte nylon four-way stretch (Suzhou Baidiyuan Textile Co., Ltd.), the fabric weight is 253 g / m, the fabric width is 192 cm, and the spandex denier is 40D. The specific steps are as follows:

[0231] (1) Pre-dyeing treatment stage:

[0232] This refers to the process of fabrics sequentially undergoing flat-width desizing, flat-width pre-shrinking, and desizing / degreasing washing. The flat-width pre-shrinking and desizing / degreasing washing process is divided into a continuous pre-shrinking stage, a desizing / degreasing stage, and a washing stage. The flat-width pre-shrinking and desizing / degreasing washing process involves the fabric passing through the pre-wetting tank, auxiliary agent tank, and washing tank of a flat-width pre-shrinking washing machine containing multiple sections in a flat-width manner, at a speed of 20m / min.

[0233] (1.1) Flat-width desizing process;

[0234] The flat-width desizing process involves desizing the fabric in a flat-width manner using an OS-type desizing machine at a speed of 50m / min.

[0235] The OS-type desizing machine includes an alkali tank and three water washing tanks located after the alkali tank. The temperature in the alkali tank is 92℃, and the temperatures of the three water washing tanks, from front to back, are 60℃, 50℃, and 40℃, respectively. The composition of the flat-width desizing solution in the alkali tank is: 30g / L liquid alkali, 5g / L desizing agent, 2.5g / L dispersant I, and the balance is water. The desizing agent is oxidizing desizing agent TF-127A, and dispersant I is chelating dispersant TF-133F(SH).

[0236] (1.2) Pre-shrinkage stage;

[0237] The fabric completes the pre-shrinking stage in the pre-wetting tank group in a flat manner. The pre-wetting tank group consists of the first three sections of a multi-section box. The pre-shrinking stage is controlled by three temperature and tension levels. The temperature and tension of each section gradually increase. The temperatures of the sections from front to back are 75℃, 80℃, and 85℃, and the tensions are 32N, 35N, and 38N, respectively.

[0238] (1.3) Desizing and oil removal stage;

[0239] The fabric undergoes desizing and degreasing in a flat-width auxiliary agent tank. The auxiliary agent tank consists of the two middle sections of a multi-section box. The desizing and degreasing stage involves two stages of temperature and tension control; the temperatures for each stage are 85℃ and 90℃, and the tension controls are 41N and 45N, respectively. The auxiliary agent components in the tank are: dispersant II 8g / L, degreasing agent 18g / L, emulsifying refining agent 5g / L, with the balance being water; dispersant II is the dispersing chelating agent TF-510C; the degreasing agent is the emulsifying dispersing degreasing agent NX-138; and the emulsifying refining agent is the multifunctional scouring agent CDA02.

[0240] (1.4) Washing stage;

[0241] The fabric is washed in a flat-width washing tank assembly, which consists of the last four sections of a multi-section tank. The washing process involves four stages of temperature and tension control; the temperature gradually decreases and the tension gradually increases in each stage. The temperatures of the sections from front to back are 90℃, 85℃, 75℃, and 65℃, and the tensions are 49N, 52N, 55N, and 58N, respectively.

[0242] (2) Pre-design stage:

[0243] The predetermined process parameters include: temperature of 192℃, machine speed of 23m / min, fan speed of 1250r / min, and overfeed rate of 25%;

[0244] (3) Same bath staining stage:

[0245] The pre-shaped fabric is placed in an overflow dyeing machine. First, anti-white spot working solution is added, and after running for 3 minutes, the temperature is increased to 50°C at 0.8°C / min. Then, dye liquor is added, and while adding the dye liquor, the temperature is increased to 62°C at 0.55°C / min and held for 15 minutes. The dye liquor addition time is 30 minutes, and the addition is completed before the end of the holding period. Next, acidifier is added, and the acidifier addition time is 40 minutes. While adding the acidifier, the temperature is increased to 72°C at 0.65°C / min and held for 7 minutes. Then, the temperature is increased to 82°C at 0.65°C / min and held for 7 minutes. The temperature is then increased to 98°C and held for 80 minutes. Finally, the temperature is decreased to 50°C at 5°C / min.

[0246] The anti-white spot working solution is a mixed solution of alkaline leveling agent M-228A, acidic leveling agent TF-217BR, and white spot remover RC-66, with a mass ratio of 6:5:4 and a concentration of 2.7 g / L. The dyeing solution is a mixed aqueous solution of black 2S-BL, 4382 navy blue, 4383 yellow, and jujube red BS, with the amounts of black 2S-BL, 4382 navy blue, 4383 yellow, and jujube red BS being 1.88 wt%, 0.4 wt%, 0.04 wt%, and 0.08 wt% of the pre-shaped fabric, respectively, and a volume of 160 L. The acidifying agent is glacial acetic acid, with a dosage of 0.8 g / L, and the volume of the added acidifying agent is controlled at 65 L.

[0247] The dyeing bath ratio is 1:10; the relevant parameters of the overflow dyeing machine are: main pump frequency 35Hz, pressure 0.15MPa, and fabric speed 480m / min.

[0248] (4) Washing and color fixing stage:

[0249] The dyed fabrics were washed in batches in an overflow dyeing machine, with each wash using 2100L of water at a temperature of 58℃ for 5 minutes. After each wash, the liquid was drained before the next wash, and this process was repeated 3 times. Then, acidic fixing agent TF-506N was added at a concentration of 2.5wt% relative to the fabric, and the temperature was raised to 80℃ and held for 30 minutes. After the holding period, the temperature was lowered to room temperature at a rate of 5℃ / min.

[0250] (5) Finalization stage:

[0251] The color-fixed fabric is placed in a setting machine and set with clean water. The setting process parameters include: temperature of 164℃, machine speed of 28m / min, fan speed of 1200r / min, and overfeed rate of 12%.

[0252] The final finished fabric had a white spot incidence rate of 0.5% and a color spot incidence rate of 0.5%.

[0253] Example 6

[0254] A dyeing and finishing method for preventing white spot problems in matte nylon fabrics containing spandex, wherein the matte nylon fabric is matte nylon four-way stretch (Kunming Dongli New Material Technology Co., Ltd.), the fabric weight is 105 g / m, the fabric width is 138 cm, and the spandex denier is 40D. The specific steps are as follows:

[0255] (1) Pre-dyeing treatment stage:

[0256] This refers to the process of fabrics sequentially undergoing flat-width desizing, flat-width pre-shrinking, and desizing / degreasing washing. The flat-width pre-shrinking and desizing / degreasing washing process is divided into a continuous pre-shrinking stage, a desizing / degreasing stage, and a washing stage. The flat-width pre-shrinking and desizing / degreasing washing process involves the fabric passing through the pre-wetting tank, auxiliary agent tank, and washing tank of a flat-width pre-shrinking washing machine containing multiple sections in a flat-width manner, at a speed of 30m / min.

[0257] (1.1) Flat-width desizing process;

[0258] The flat-width desizing process involves desizing the fabric in a flat-width manner using an OS-type desizing machine at a speed of 70m / min.

[0259] The OS-type desizing machine includes an alkali tank and three water washing tanks located after the alkali tank. The temperature in the alkali tank is 95℃, and the temperatures of the three water washing tanks, from front to back, are 70℃, 60℃, and 50℃, respectively. The composition of the flat-width desizing liquid in the alkali tank is: 20g / L liquid alkali, 3g / L desizing agent, 1g / L dispersant I, and the balance is water. The desizing agent is an oxidizing desizing agent TF-127A and a functional scouring agent HS-113L in a 1:1 mass ratio, and the dispersant I is a chelating dispersant TF-133F(SH) and a chelating dispersant TF-510C in a 1:1 mass ratio.

[0260] (1.2) Pre-shrinkage stage;

[0261] The fabric completes the pre-shrinking stage in the pre-wetting tank group in a flat manner. The pre-wetting tank group consists of the first two sections of a multi-section box. The pre-shrinking stage is carried out through two stages of temperature and tension control. The temperature and tension of each section gradually increase. The temperatures of the sections from front to back are 77℃ and 87℃, and the tensions are 33N and 38N, respectively.

[0262] (1.3) Desizing and oil removal stage;

[0263] The fabric undergoes desizing and degreasing in a flat-width auxiliary agent tank. The auxiliary agent tank consists of the two middle sections of a multi-section box. The desizing and degreasing stage involves two stages of temperature and tension control; the temperatures for each stage are 87℃ and 92℃, and the tension controls are 43N and 48N, respectively. The auxiliary agent components in the tank are: dispersant II 6g / L, degreasing agent 14g / L, emulsifying refining agent 4g / L, and the balance is water; dispersant II is dispersing chelating agent TF-510C; the degreasing agent is elastic fabric degreasing agent M-1151C; and the emulsifying refining agent is multifunctional scouring agent CDA02.

[0264] (1.4) Washing stage;

[0265] The fabric is washed in a flat-width washing tank assembly, which consists of the last three sections of a multi-section tank. The washing process involves three stages of temperature and tension control. The temperature gradually decreases and the tension gradually increases in each stage. The temperatures of the sections from front to back are 87℃, 77℃, and 67℃, and the tensions are 52N, 56N, and 60N, respectively.

[0266] (2) Pre-design stage:

[0267] The predetermined process parameters include: temperature 185℃, machine speed 35m / min, fan speed 1350r / min, and overfeed rate 18%;

[0268] (3) Same bath staining stage:

[0269] The pre-shaped fabric is placed in an overflow dyeing machine. First, anti-white spot working solution is added, and after running for 5 minutes, the temperature is increased to 50°C at 1.6°C / min. Then, dye liquor is added, and while adding the dye liquor, the temperature is increased to 64°C at 0.55°C / min and held for 20 minutes. The dye liquor addition time is 40 minutes, and the addition is completed before the end of the holding period. Next, acidifier is added, and the acidifier addition time is 20 minutes. While adding the acidifier, the temperature is increased to 74°C at 0.65°C / min and held for 8 minutes. Then, the temperature is increased to 84°C at 0.65°C / min and held for 8 minutes. The temperature is then increased to 98°C and held for 60 minutes. Finally, the temperature is decreased to 50°C at 3°C / min.

[0270] The anti-white spot working solution is a mixed solution of alkaline leveling agent M-228A, acidic leveling agent TF-217BR, and white spot remover RC-66, with a mass ratio of 6:5:4 and a concentration of 3 g / L. The dyeing solution is a mixed aqueous solution of gray B-NS, yellow NHF-S, and 4384 maroon, with the amounts of gray B-NS, yellow NHF-S, and 4384 maroon being 0.075 wt%, 2.117 wt%, and 0.901 wt% of the pre-shaped fabric, respectively, and a volume of 180 L. The acidifying agents are pH shifting agent SE-5 and ammonium sulfate, with the amount of pH shifting agent SE-5 being 0.8 g / L and the amount of ammonium sulfate being 0.4 g / L. The volume of the added acidifying agent is controlled at 60 L.

[0271] The dyeing bath ratio is 1:20; the relevant parameters of the overflow dyeing machine are: main pump frequency 32Hz, pressure 0.15MPa, and fabric speed 550m / min;

[0272] (4) Washing and color fixing stage:

[0273] The dyed fabrics were washed in batches in an overflow dyeing machine, with each wash using 1900L of water at a temperature of 60℃ for 5 minutes. After each wash, the liquid was drained before the next wash, and this process was repeated 3 times. Then, acidic fixing agent HS-268 was added at a concentration of 3wt% relative to the fabric, and the temperature was raised to 72℃ and held for 22 minutes. After the holding period, the temperature was lowered to room temperature at a rate of 3℃ / min.

[0274] (5) Finalization stage:

[0275] The color-fixed fabric is placed in a setting machine and set with clean water. The setting process parameters include: temperature of 165℃, machine speed of 30m / min, fan speed of 1400r / min, and overfeed rate of 20%.

[0276] The final finished fabric had a white spot incidence rate of 0.2% and a color spot incidence rate of 0.2%.

[0277] Example 7

[0278] A dyeing and finishing method for preventing white spot problems in matte nylon fabrics containing spandex, wherein the matte nylon fabric is matte nylon four-way stretch (Kunming Dongli New Material Technology Co., Ltd.), the fabric weight is 167 g / m, the fabric width is 196 cm, and the spandex denier is 70D. The specific steps are as follows:

[0279] (1) Pre-dyeing treatment stage:

[0280] This refers to the process of fabrics sequentially undergoing flat-width desizing, flat-width pre-shrinking, and desizing, oil removal, and washing. The flat-width pre-shrinking and desizing, oil removal, and washing process is divided into a continuous pre-shrinking stage, a desizing and oil removal stage, and a washing stage. The flat-width pre-shrinking and desizing, oil removal, and washing process involves the fabric passing through the pre-wetting tank, auxiliary agent tank, and washing tank of a flat-width pre-shrinking washing machine containing multiple sections in a flat-width manner, at a speed of 40m / min.

[0281] (1.1) Flat-width desizing process;

[0282] The flat-width desizing process involves desizing the fabric in a flat-width manner using an OS-type desizing machine at a speed of 60m / min.

[0283] The OS-type desizing machine includes an alkali tank and three washing tanks located after the alkali tank. The temperature in the alkali tank is 94℃, and the temperatures of the three washing tanks, from front to back, are 65℃, 55℃, and 45℃, respectively. The composition of the flat-width desizing solution in the alkali tank is: 25g / L liquid alkali, 4g / L desizing agent, 2g / L dispersant I, and the balance is water. The desizing agent is the functional scouring agent HS-113L, and the dispersant I is the chelating dispersant TF-510C.

[0284] (1.2) Pre-shrinkage stage;

[0285] The fabric completes the pre-shrinking stage in the pre-wetting tank group in a flat manner. The pre-wetting tank group consists of the first three sections of a multi-section box. The pre-shrinking stage is controlled by three temperature and tension levels. The temperature and tension of each section gradually increase. The temperatures of the sections from front to back are 73℃, 77℃, and 83℃, and the tensions are 30N, 33N, and 36N, respectively.

[0286] (1.3) Desizing and oil removal stage;

[0287] The fabric undergoes desizing and degreasing in a flat-width auxiliary agent tank. The auxiliary agent tank consists of the two middle sections of a multi-section box. The desizing and degreasing stage involves two stages of temperature and tension control; the temperatures for each stage are 85℃ and 90℃, and the tension controls are 40N and 44N, respectively. The auxiliary agent components in the tank are: dispersant II 7g / L, degreasing agent 16g / L, emulsifying refining agent 5g / L, and the balance is water; dispersant II is chelating dispersant TF-133F(SH); degreasing agent is degreasing agent RUCOGEN®DFL; and emulsifying refining agent is emulsifying refining agent TF-188A.

[0288] (1.4) Washing stage;

[0289] The fabric is washed in a flat-width washing tank assembly, which consists of the last four sections of a multi-section tank. The washing process involves four stages of temperature and tension control; the temperature gradually decreases and the tension gradually increases in each stage. The temperatures of the sections from front to back are 85℃, 80℃, 75℃, and 65℃, and the tensions are 48N, 51N, 54N, and 57N, respectively.

[0290] (2) Pre-design stage:

[0291] The predetermined process parameters include: temperature 190℃, machine speed 25m / min, fan speed 1100r / min, and overfeed rate 22%;

[0292] (3) Same bath staining stage:

[0293] The pre-shaped fabric is placed in an overflow dyeing machine. First, anti-white spot working solution is added, and after running for 4 minutes, the temperature is increased to 50°C at 1.2°C / min. Then, dye liquor is added, and while adding the dye liquor, the temperature is increased to 63°C at 0.5°C / min and held for 25 minutes. The dye liquor addition time is 50 minutes, and the addition is completed before the end of the holding period. Next, acidifier is added, and the acidifier addition time is 60 minutes. While adding the acidifier, the temperature is increased to 71°C at 0.6°C / min and held for 9 minutes. Then, the temperature is increased to 81°C at 0.6°C / min and held for 9 minutes. The temperature is then increased to 98°C and held for 80 minutes. Finally, the temperature is decreased to 50°C at 5°C / min.

[0294] The anti-white spot working solution is a mixed solution of alkaline leveling agent M-228A, acidic leveling agent TF-217BR, and white spot remover RC-66, with a mass ratio of 6:5:4 and a concentration of 2.7 g / L. The dyeing solution is a mixed aqueous solution of 4423 Grey, 4424 Yellow, and Red B-NS, with the amounts of 4423 Grey, 4424 Yellow, and Red B-NS being 1.05 wt%, 0.324 wt%, and 0.054 wt% of the pre-shaped fabric, respectively, and a volume of 160 L. The acidifying agents are pH shifting agent SE-5 and ammonium sulfate, with the amounts of pH shifting agent SE-5 and ammonium sulfate being 0.8 g / L and 0.4 g / L, respectively. The volume of the added acidifying agent is controlled at 70 L.

[0295] The dyeing bath ratio is 1:12; the relevant parameters of the overflow dyeing machine are: main pump frequency 32Hz, pressure 0.15MPa, and fabric speed 470m / min;

[0296] (4) Washing and color fixing stage:

[0297] The dyed fabrics were washed in batches in an overflow dyeing machine, with each wash using 2100L of water at a temperature of 54℃ for 5 minutes. After each wash, the liquid was drained before the next wash, and this process was repeated 3 times. Then, acidic fixing agent HS-268 was added at a concentration of 2wt% relative to the fabric, and the temperature was raised to 80℃ and held for 30 minutes. After the holding period, the temperature was lowered to room temperature at a rate of 5℃ / min.

[0298] (5) Finalization stage:

[0299] The color-fixed fabric is placed in a setting machine and set with clean water. The setting process parameters include: temperature of 160℃, machine speed of 20m / min, fan speed of 1400r / min, and overfeed rate of 14%.

[0300] The final finished fabric had a white spot incidence rate of 0.6% and a color spot incidence rate of 0.6%.

[0301] Comparative Example 7

[0302] A dyeing and finishing method that can prevent white spots on matte nylon fabrics containing spandex is basically the same as in Example 7, except that: in step (1.3), the tension control of each section of the box from front to back is 40N and 44N respectively, and the temperature is 98℃.

[0303] The final finished fabric had a white spot incidence rate of 3.4% and a color spot incidence rate of 2.5%.

[0304] Comparing Comparative Example 7 and Example 7, it can be found that the incidence of white spots and color spots in Comparative Example 7 is increased. This is because the temperature of the desizing and degreasing section is too high. Although the interaction between the additives and the sizing agent is enhanced, the fiber shrinkage capacity also increases with the temperature, and the fiber porosity becomes weaker. This may cause the internal pores to collapse, making it difficult to remove the residual sizing agent in the fiber.

[0305] Example 8

[0306] A dyeing and finishing method for preventing white spots on matte nylon fabrics containing spandex is basically the same as in Example 7, except that the mass ratio of alkaline leveling agent M-228A, acidic leveling agent TF-217BR and white spot remover RC-66 in step (3) is 5:5:5.

[0307] The final finished fabric had a white spot incidence rate of 1.2% and a color spot incidence rate of 0.8%.

[0308] Example 9

[0309] A dyeing and finishing method for preventing white spots on fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon is basically the same as in Example 7, except that the mass ratio of alkaline leveling agent M-228A, acidic leveling agent TF-217BR and white spot remover RC-66 in step (3) is 7:4:4.

[0310] The final finished fabric had a white spot incidence rate of 0.8% and a color spot incidence rate of 1.2%.

[0311] Example 10

[0312] A dyeing and finishing method for preventing white spots on matte nylon fabrics containing spandex is basically the same as in Example 7, except that the mass ratio of alkaline leveling agent M-228A, acidic leveling agent TF-217BR and white spot remover RC-66 in step (3) is 7:5:3.

[0313] The final finished fabric had a white spot incidence rate of 1.0% and a color spot incidence rate of 1.0%.

[0314] Example 11

[0315] A dyeing and finishing method for preventing white spot problems in matte nylon fabrics containing spandex, wherein the matte nylon fabric is matte nylon four-way stretch (Suzhou Baidiyuan Textile Co., Ltd.), the fabric weight is 253 g / m, the fabric width is 192 cm, and the spandex denier is 40D. The specific steps are as follows:

[0316] (1) Pre-dyeing treatment stage:

[0317] This refers to the process of fabrics sequentially undergoing flat-width desizing, flat-width pre-shrinking, and desizing / degreasing washing. The flat-width pre-shrinking and desizing / degreasing washing process is divided into a continuous pre-shrinking stage, a desizing / degreasing stage, and a washing stage. The flat-width pre-shrinking and desizing / degreasing washing process involves the fabric passing through the pre-wetting tank, auxiliary agent tank, and washing tank of a flat-width pre-shrinking washing machine containing multiple sections in a flat-width manner, at a speed of 20m / min.

[0318] (1.1) Flat-width desizing process;

[0319] The flat-width desizing process involves desizing the fabric in a flat-width manner using an OS-type desizing machine at a speed of 50m / min.

[0320] The OS-type desizing machine includes an alkali tank and three water washing tanks located after the alkali tank. The temperature in the alkali tank is 92℃, and the temperatures of the three water washing tanks, from front to back, are 60℃, 50℃, and 40℃, respectively. The composition of the flat-width desizing solution in the alkali tank is: 30g / L liquid alkali, 5g / L desizing agent, 2.5g / L dispersant I, and the balance is water. The desizing agent is oxidizing desizing agent TF-127A, and dispersant I is chelating dispersant TF-133F(SH).

[0321] (1.2) Pre-shrinkage stage;

[0322] The fabric completes the pre-shrinking stage in the pre-wetting tank group in a flat manner. The pre-wetting tank group consists of the first three sections of a multi-section box. The pre-shrinking stage is controlled by three temperature and tension levels. The temperature and tension of each section gradually increase. The temperatures of the sections from front to back are 75℃, 80℃, and 85℃, and the tensions are 32N, 35N, and 38N, respectively.

[0323] (1.3) Desizing and oil removal stage;

[0324] The fabric undergoes desizing and degreasing in a flat-width auxiliary agent tank. The auxiliary agent tank consists of the two middle sections of a multi-section box. The desizing and degreasing stage involves two stages of temperature and tension control; the temperatures for each stage are 85℃ and 90℃, and the tension controls are 41N and 45N, respectively. The auxiliary agent components in the tank are: dispersant II 8g / L, degreasing agent 18g / L, emulsifying refining agent 5g / L, with the balance being water; dispersant II is the dispersing chelating agent TF-510C; the degreasing agent is the emulsifying dispersing degreasing agent NX-138; and the emulsifying refining agent is the multifunctional scouring agent CDA02.

[0325] (1.4) Washing stage;

[0326] The fabric is washed in a flat-width washing tank assembly, which consists of the last four sections of a multi-section tank. The washing process involves four stages of temperature and tension control; the temperature gradually decreases and the tension gradually increases in each stage. The temperatures of the sections from front to back are 90℃, 85℃, 75℃, and 65℃, and the tensions are 49N, 52N, 55N, and 58N, respectively.

[0327] (2) Pre-design stage:

[0328] The predetermined process parameters include: temperature of 192℃, machine speed of 23m / min, fan speed of 1250r / min, and overfeed rate of 25%;

[0329] (3) Same bath staining stage:

[0330] The pre-shaped fabric is placed in an overflow dyeing machine. First, the working solution is added, and after running for 3 minutes, the temperature is increased to 50°C at a rate of 0.8°C / min. Then, the dye liquor is added, and while adding the dye liquor, the temperature is increased to 62°C at a rate of 0.55°C / min and held for 15 minutes. The dye liquor addition time is 30 minutes, and the addition is completed before the end of the holding period. Next, the acidifier is added, and the acidifier addition time is 40 minutes. While adding the acidifier, the temperature is increased to 72°C at a rate of 0.65°C / min and held for 7 minutes. Then, the temperature is increased to 82°C at a rate of 0.65°C / min and held for 7 minutes. The temperature is then increased to 98°C and held for 80 minutes. Finally, the temperature is decreased to 50°C at a rate of 5°C / min.

[0331] The working solution is an acidic leveling agent TF-217BR solution with a concentration of 2.7 g / L; the dyeing solution is a mixed aqueous solution of black 2S-BL, 4382 navy blue, 4383 yellow, and jujube red BS, with the amounts of black 2S-BL, 4382 navy blue, 4383 yellow, and jujube red BS being 1.88 wt%, 0.4 wt%, 0.04 wt%, and 0.08 wt% of the pre-shaped fabric, respectively, and the volume of the dyeing solution is 160 L; the acidifying agent is glacial acetic acid, with a dosage of 0.8 g / L; the volume of the added acidifying agent is controlled at 65 L;

[0332] The dyeing bath ratio is 1:10; the relevant parameters of the overflow dyeing machine are: main pump frequency 35Hz, pressure 0.15MPa, and fabric speed 480m / min.

[0333] (4) Washing and color fixing stage:

[0334] The dyed fabrics were washed in batches in an overflow dyeing machine, with each wash using 2100L of water at a temperature of 58℃ for 5 minutes. After each wash, the liquid was drained before the next wash, and this process was repeated 3 times. Then, acidic fixing agent TF-506N was added at a concentration of 2.5wt% relative to the fabric, and the temperature was raised to 80℃ and held for 30 minutes. After the holding period, the temperature was lowered to room temperature at a rate of 5℃ / min.

[0335] (5) Finalization stage:

[0336] The color-fixed fabric is placed in a setting machine and set with clean water. The setting process parameters include: temperature of 164℃, machine speed of 28m / min, fan speed of 1200r / min, and overfeed rate of 12%.

[0337] The final finished fabric had a white spot incidence rate of 1.8% and a color spot incidence rate of 1.5%.

[0338] Example 12

[0339] A dyeing and finishing method for preventing white spot problems in matte nylon fabrics containing spandex, wherein the matte nylon fabric is matte nylon four-way stretch (Suzhou Xiannuo Textile Technology Co., Ltd.), the fabric weight is 307 g / m, the fabric width is 190 cm, and the spandex denier is 70D. The specific steps are as follows:

[0340] (1) Pre-dyeing treatment stage:

[0341] This refers to the process of fabrics sequentially undergoing flat-width desizing, flat-width pre-shrinking, and desizing / degreasing washing. The flat-width pre-shrinking and desizing / degreasing washing process is divided into a continuous pre-shrinking stage, a desizing / degreasing stage, and a washing stage. The flat-width pre-shrinking and desizing / degreasing washing process involves the fabric passing through the pre-wetting tank, auxiliary agent tank, and washing tank of a flat-width pre-shrinking washing machine containing multiple sections in a flat-width manner, at a speed of 20m / min.

[0342] (1.1) Flat-width desizing process;

[0343] The flat-width desizing process involves desizing the fabric in a flat-width manner using an OS-type desizing machine at a speed of 40m / min.

[0344] The OS-type desizing machine includes an alkali tank and three water washing tanks located after the alkali tank. The temperature in the alkali tank is 90℃, and the temperatures of the three water washing tanks from front to back are 60℃, 50℃, and 40℃, respectively. The composition of the flat-width desizing liquid in the alkali tank is: 30g / L liquid alkali, 6g / L desizing agent, 3g / L dispersant I, and the balance is water. The desizing agent is a 1:1 mass ratio of long-car rapid desizing agent TF-127HA and functional scouring agent HS-113L, and the dispersant I is a 1:1 mass ratio of chelating dispersant TF-133F(SH) and chelating dispersant TF-510C.

[0345] (1.2) Pre-shrinkage stage;

[0346] The fabric completes the pre-shrinking stage in the pre-wetting tank group in a flat manner. The pre-wetting tank group consists of the first three sections of a multi-section box. The pre-shrinking stage is controlled by three temperature and tension levels. The temperature and tension of each section gradually increase. The temperatures of the sections from front to back are 70℃, 75℃, and 80℃, and the tensions are 30N, 33N, and 36N, respectively.

[0347] (1.3) Desizing and oil removal stage;

[0348] The fabric undergoes desizing and degreasing in a flat-width auxiliary agent tank. The auxiliary agent tank consists of the two middle sections of a multi-section box. The desizing and degreasing stage involves two stages of temperature and tension control; the temperatures for each stage are 85℃ and 85℃, and the tension controls are 40N and 44N, respectively. The auxiliary agent components in the tank are: dispersant II 10g / L, degreasing agent 20g / L, emulsifying refining agent 6g / L, with the balance being water; dispersant II is chelating dispersant JN-180N; degreasing agent is degreasing agent DM-1150A; and emulsifying refining agent is emulsifying degreasing agent WD-071C.

[0349] (1.4) Washing stage;

[0350] The fabric is washed in a flat-width washing tank assembly, which consists of the last four sections of a multi-section tank. The washing process involves four stages of temperature and tension control; the temperature gradually decreases and the tension gradually increases in each stage. The temperatures of the sections from front to back are 80℃, 75℃, 70℃, and 60℃, and the tensions are 48N, 50N, 52N, and 54N, respectively.

[0351] (2) Pre-design stage:

[0352] The predetermined process parameters include: temperature of 195℃, machine speed of 20m / min, fan speed of 1000r / min, and overfeed rate of 30%;

[0353] (3) Same bath staining stage:

[0354] The pre-shaped fabric is placed in an overflow dyeing machine. First, the working solution is added, and after running for 3 minutes, the temperature is increased to 50°C at a rate of 0.5°C / min. Then, the dye liquor is added, and while adding the dye liquor, the temperature is increased to 60°C at a rate of 0.5°C / min and held for 30 minutes. The dye liquor addition time is 30 minutes, and the addition must be completed before the end of the holding period. Next, the acidifier is added, and the acidifier addition time is 30 minutes. While adding the acidifier, the temperature is increased to 70°C at a rate of 0.60°C / min and held for 8 minutes. Then, the temperature is increased to 80°C at a rate of 0.60°C / min and held for 8 minutes. The temperature is then increased to 95°C and held for 40 minutes. Finally, the temperature is decreased to 50°C at a rate of 4.5°C / min.

[0355] The working solution is a mixed aqueous solution of acidic leveling agent HS-NB, acidic corrector HS-M, and elastic fabric degreasing agent M-1151C. The mass ratio of acidic corrector HS-M, acidic leveling agent HS-NB, and elastic fabric degreasing agent M-1151C is 6:5:4, and the concentration of the anti-white spot working solution is 2.7 g / L. The dyeing solution is a mixed aqueous solution of gray B-NS, 4424 yellow, and red B-NS. The amounts of gray B-NS, 4424 yellow, and red B-NS are 0.0599 wt%, 0.0822 wt%, and 0.0444 wt% of the pre-shaped fabric, respectively, and the volume of the dyeing solution is 150 L. The acidifying agents are glacial acetic acid and ammonium sulfate, and the amounts of glacial acetic acid and ammonium sulfate are 0.8 g / L and 0.4 g / L, respectively. The volume of the added acidifying agent is controlled at 75 L.

[0356] The dyeing bath ratio is 1:10; the relevant parameters of the overflow dyeing machine are: main pump frequency 33Hz, pressure 0.11MPa, and fabric speed 550m / min;

[0357] (4) Washing and color fixing stage:

[0358] The dyed fabrics were washed in batches in an overflow dyeing machine, with each wash using 2200L of water at a temperature of 52℃ for 5 minutes. After each wash, the liquid was drained before the next wash, and this process was repeated 3 times. Then, acidic fixing agent DM-2537 was added at a concentration of 2wt% relative to the fabric, and the temperature was raised to 70℃ and held for 20 minutes. After the holding period, the temperature was lowered to room temperature at a rate of 3.5℃ / min.

[0359] (5) Finalization stage:

[0360] The color-fixed fabric is placed in a setting machine and set with clean water. The setting process parameters include: temperature of 160℃, machine speed of 22m / min, fan speed of 1200r / min, and overfeed rate of 10%.

[0361] The final finished fabric had a white spot incidence rate of 2.0% and a color spot incidence rate of 1.5%.

Claims

1. A dyeing and finishing method for preventing white spot problems in fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon, characterized in that: The process includes, in sequence, the pre-dyeing treatment stage, the pre-sizing stage, the same-bath dyeing stage, the washing and color-fixing stage, and the finalization stage. The pre-dyeing treatment stage refers to the process in which the fabric undergoes desizing at the open width, pre-shrinking at the open width, and desizing, oil removal, and washing in sequence. The process of flat-width pre-shrinking and desizing / degreasing / washing is divided into a continuous pre-shrinking stage, a desizing / degreasing stage, and a washing stage. The pre-shrinking stage involves 2-3 stages of temperature and tension control; the temperature of each stage gradually increases, with the temperature of the first stage not lower than 70℃ and the temperature of the last stage not higher than 90℃; the tension of each stage gradually increases, with the tension of the first stage not lower than 30N and the tension of the last stage not higher than 40N. The desizing and degreasing stage involves two stages of temperature and tension control; the temperature of the first stage is not lower than 85℃, the temperature of the second stage is not higher than 95℃, the tension of the first stage is not lower than 40N, and the tension of the second stage is not higher than 50N. The washing stage involves 3-4 stages of temperature and tension control; the temperature of each stage gradually decreases, with the temperature of the first stage not exceeding 90℃ and the temperature of the last stage not lower than 60℃; the tension of each stage gradually increases, with the tension of the first stage not lower than 48N and the tension of the last stage not higher than 65N.

2. The dyeing and finishing method for preventing white spot problems in fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flat-width desizing process involves desizing the fabric in a flat-width manner using an OS-type desizing machine at a speed of 40~70m / min. The OS-type desizing machine includes an alkali tank and three water washing tanks located after the alkali tank. The temperature in the alkali tank is 90~95℃, and the temperatures of the three water washing tanks, from front to back, are 60~70℃, 50~60℃, and 40~50℃, respectively. The composition of the flat-width desizing liquid in the alkali tank is: liquid alkali 20~30g / L, desizing agent 3~6g / L, and dispersant 1.0~3.0g / L.

3. The dyeing and finishing method for preventing white spot problems in fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flat-width pre-shrinking and desizing / degreasing washing process involves the fabric passing through the pre-wetting tank, auxiliary agent tank, and washing tank of a flat-width pre-shrinking washing machine containing multiple sections in a flat-width manner. The pre-shrinking stage is completed in the pre-wetting tank, the desizing / degreasing stage is completed in the auxiliary agent tank, and the washing stage is completed in the washing tank. The machine speed is 20~40m / min.

4. A dyeing and finishing method for preventing white spot problems in fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon, as described in claim 3, is characterized in that... The pre-wetting tank consists of the first two sections of a multi-section chamber. The temperatures of the sections from front to back are 75~80℃ and 85~90℃, respectively, and the tension controls are 32~35N and 37~40N, respectively. Alternatively, the pre-wetting tank group consists of the first three sections of a multi-section chamber, with the temperatures of the sections from front to back being 70~75℃, 75~80℃, and 80~85℃, respectively, and the tension controls being 30~32N, 33~35N, and 36~38N, respectively.

5. A dyeing and finishing method for preventing white spot problems in fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon, as described in claim 4, is characterized in that... The additive tank assembly consists of the two middle sections of a multi-section tank. The temperatures of the sections from front to back are 85~90℃ and 85~95℃, respectively, and the tension controls are 40~45N and 44~50N.

6. A dyeing and finishing method for preventing white spot problems in fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon, as described in claim 5, is characterized in that... The washing tank assembly consists of the last three sections of a multi-section tank. The temperatures of the sections from front to back are 85~90℃, 75~80℃, and 65~70℃, respectively, and the tension controls are 50~55N, 54~60N, and 58~65N, respectively. Alternatively, the washing tank assembly consists of the last four sections of a multi-section tank, with temperatures of 80~90℃, 75~85℃, 70~75℃, and 60~65℃ for each section from front to back, and tension controls of 48~49N, 50~52N, 52~55N, and 54~58N respectively.

7. A dyeing and finishing method for preventing white spot problems in fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon, as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The predetermined process parameters include: temperature of 185~195℃, machine speed of 20~35m / min, fan speed of 1000~1400r / min, and overfeed rate of 15~30%.

8. A dyeing and finishing method for preventing white spot problems in fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon, as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The one-bath dyeing stage refers to placing the pre-shaped fabric into an overflow dyeing machine, adding anti-white spot working solution and dyeing solution in sequence, and dyeing using a one-bath dyeing process. The anti-white spot working solution is a mixed solution of alkaline leveling agent M-228A, acidic leveling agent TF-217BR, and white spot remover RC-66, with a concentration of 2.4~3g / L; the dyeing solution is a neutral dye solution or an acidic dye solution, with the amount of neutral dye or acidic dye being 0.12~5.5% of the pre-shaped fabric. The dyeing bath ratio is 1:9~20; the relevant parameters of the overflow dyeing machine are: main pump frequency 32~35Hz, pressure 0.11~0.15MPa, and fabric speed 350~550m / min.

9. A dyeing and finishing method for preventing white spot problems in fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon, as described in claim 8, characterized in that... The specific steps of the same-bath staining process are as follows: First, add the anti-white spot working solution and run for 3-5 minutes. Then, increase the temperature to 50°C at a rate of 0.5-2.0°C / min. Next, add the dye solution while simultaneously increasing the temperature to 60-65°C at a rate of 0.5-0.6°C / min and holding for 10-30 minutes. The dye solution addition time is 10-50 minutes, and the addition must be completed before the end of the holding period. Then, add the acidifier over a period of 10-60 minutes while simultaneously increasing the temperature to 70-75°C at a rate of 0.6-0.7°C / min and holding for 5-10 minutes. Next, increase the temperature to 80-85°C at a rate of 0.6-0.7°C / min and hold for 5-10 minutes. Continue to increase the temperature to 95-98°C and hold for 60-80 minutes. Finally, decrease the temperature to 50°C at a rate of 3.0-5.0°C / min. The acid adjuster is at least one of ammonium sulfate, glacial acetic acid and pH shifting agent SE-5, and the dosage of a single agent is 0.2~1.2g / L; the volume of the added acid adjuster is controlled at 60~80L.

10. A dyeing and finishing method for preventing white spot problems in fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon, as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The washing and color-fixing stage is as follows: the dyed fabric is washed in batches in an overflow dyeing machine, with each wash using 1800~2200L of water at a temperature of 50~60℃ for 5 minutes; then an acidic color-fixing agent is added at a dosage of 2~3wt%, and the temperature is raised to 70~80℃ and kept at that temperature for 20~30 minutes. After the heat preservation is completed, the temperature is lowered to room temperature at a rate of 3.0~5.0℃ / min.

11. A dyeing and finishing method for preventing white spot problems in fabrics containing spandex and matte nylon, as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The shaping stage is water shaping, and the shaping process parameters include: temperature of 160~165℃, machine speed of 20~30m / min, fan speed of 1200~1400r / min, and overfeed rate of 10~20%.

Images