Single-sided opening and closing type protection cylinder in water

Abstract

This invention relates to the fields of marine engineering equipment manufacturing and waterway infrastructure foundation and foundation construction technology, and particularly to a single-sided opening and closing casing in water. The casing comprises an upper reinforcing cylinder connected to the top side wall of a central standard casing, and a lower reinforcing cylinder connected to the bottom side wall of the central standard casing; a slit, longitudinally formed on the side wall of the central standard casing; a second slit, longitudinally formed on the side walls of both the upper and lower reinforcing cylinders, oriented towards the first slit; and a locking mechanism connected to the central standard casing for locking the second and third slits. After the locking mechanism is unlocked, the second and third slits open, allowing the inner wall of the device to quickly separate from the side wall of the concrete pile. This design achieves device reuse while overcoming the friction and disturbance to the formed concrete pile during disassembly of the support-type casing structure, significantly improving the quality of the concrete pile.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of marine engineering equipment manufacturing and water transport infrastructure foundation and foundation construction technology, and particularly to a single-sided opening and closing casing in water. Background Technology

[0002] In waterway improvement and cross-water bridge projects, the core purpose of underwater cast-in-place pile construction in weak (soft) soil (especially deep silt strata) is to build a stable and reliable underwater foundation structure. Cast-in-place piles can penetrate weak soil layers and effectively transfer the load of the superstructure (such as bridge piers and revetments) to the deeper and more solid bearing layer below, thereby ensuring the long-term stability and safety of the engineering structure under complex hydrological and geological conditions.

[0003] Existing technologies mainly employ two types of steel casing techniques: one is to use permanent casings, which are left in the soil after pile formation to maintain borehole stability; the other is to use integral temporary casings, which are theoretically recyclable. However, permanent casings result in huge steel consumption and high costs, making them unsustainable. On the other hand, integral temporary casings, when buried at great depths and with high frictional resistance, often suffer from quality defects due to difficulty in removal and easy disturbance of the concrete at the top of the pile, and may even ultimately be unrecyclable, thus also causing waste and poor economic efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a single-sided opening and closing type protective casing in water to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a single-sided opening and closing type underwater casing, comprising: A central standard cylinder, wherein an upper reinforcing cylinder is connected to the top side wall of the central standard cylinder, and a lower reinforcing cylinder is connected to the bottom side wall of the central standard cylinder; The central standard cylinder has a longitudinally spaced slit on its side wall. Slit 2: Both the upper reinforcing cylinder and the lower reinforcing cylinder have longitudinal slits 2 on their side walls, with slit 2 facing the slit. A locking mechanism is connected to the central standard cylinder for locking the slit and the second slit.

[0006] Preferably, the middle standard cylinder, the upper reinforcing cylinder, and the lower reinforcing cylinder are all configured with the same thickness as the middle standard cylinder.

[0007] Preferably, the top of the central standard cylinder and the top of the upper reinforcing cylinder are coplanar and form a load-bearing top ring.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom sidewall of the lower reinforcing cylinder is chamfered, and the bottom of the chamfer is coplanar with the bottom of the middle standard cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, the slit includes: a central slit, an upper maze-shaped slit, and a lower maze-shaped slit. The top and bottom of the central slit are respectively connected to the upper maze-shaped slit and the lower maze-shaped slit. The top of the upper maze-shaped slit is located at the top of the central standard cylinder, and the bottom of the lower maze-shaped slit is located at the bottom of the central standard cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the second slit is a maze-shaped slit, with the two maze-shaped slits facing the upper and lower maze-shaped slits respectively. The transverse concave-convex structure of the maze-shaped slit is arranged in the opposite direction to the transverse concave-convex structure of the upper and lower maze-shaped slits.

[0011] Preferably, the end of the grouting pipe is connected to the inner wall of the central standard cylinder, and the other end of the grouting pipe is located away from the side wall of the central standard cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the end of the overflow pipe is connected to the inner wall of the central standard cylinder, and the other end of the overflow pipe is located away from the side wall of the central standard cylinder. The axis of the overflow pipe and the grouting pipe are set on the same horizontal plane.

[0013] Preferably, the locking mechanism includes: a support plate, a jack, and a tension rod. One end of the support plate is horizontally connected to the side wall of the central standard cylinder, and the other end of the support plate is in contact with the side wall of the central standard cylinder. The jack is connected to the support plate, and the top end of the upward-facing output end of the jack is connected to the top of the tension rod. The tension rod is parallel to the axis of the central standard cylinder and is located on the side of the slit. The tension rod is in sliding contact with the support plate.

[0014] Preferably, the locking mechanism further includes: opening and closing plates, guide grooves and sliding pins. Multiple opening and closing plates are arranged in a linear array on both sides of the tension rod. The tops of the horizontally adjacent opening and closing plates are arranged on the same plane. Guide grooves are opened through the opening and closing plates. The bottom distance between two adjacent guide grooves is smaller than the top distance between them. A sliding pin is slidably fitted in the guide groove. The end of the sliding pin is connected to the side wall of the central standard cylinder.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: In the solution of the present invention: 1. After the locking mechanism is unlocked, the opening and the second opening are opened, and the inner wall of the device can be quickly separated from the side wall of the concrete pile. On the basis of realizing the reuse of the device, it overcomes the friction and disturbance of the formed concrete pile during the disassembly of the support-type casing structure, and greatly improves the quality of the concrete pile. 2. Reusable casing structures offer excellent economic benefits, reducing the time and money costs incurred during construction; 3. The locking mechanism for locking the first and second openings can prevent concrete leakage during pouring, further improving the quality of the pile. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the labyrinth-type slit structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the labyrinth-type slit structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lower labyrinth-type slit structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the guide groove on the opening and closing plate of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the rotational connection between the water supply pipe and the mounting bracket of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the sliding sealing connection between the end and the scraper of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the outer casing of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the meshing connection between the second gear ring and the second gear of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the meshing connection between the crown tooth and the cylindrical tooth ring and the second cylindrical tooth ring of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the meshing connection between the toothed ring and the rack of the present invention.

[0017] The components include: 1. Central standard cylinder; 2. Upper reinforcing cylinder; 3. Lower reinforcing cylinder; 4. Slit; 5. Locking mechanism; 6. Central slit; 7. Upper labyrinth slit; 8. Lower labyrinth slit; 9. Labyrinth slit; 10. Grouting pipe; 11. Overflow pipe; 12. Support plate; 13. Tensioning rod; 14. Opening and closing plate; 15. Guide groove; 16. Sliding pin; 17. Mounting bracket; 18. Water supply pipe; 19. Gear ring; 20. Gear; 21. Motor; 22. Housing; 23. Drainage pipe; 24. High-pressure nozzle; 25. Drive pipe; 26. Gear ring II; 27. Motor II; 28. Columnar gear ring; 29. ​​Crown gear; 30. Rotating shaft; 31. Columnar valve; 32. Longitudinal pipe; 33. Through hole; 34. Columnar gear ring II; 35. Drive pipe II; 36. Gear ring III; 37. Rack; 38. Scraper; 39. Opening; 40. Groove; 41. Groove II; 42. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0019] Example 1: Reference Figures 1-11 A single-sided opening and closing underwater casing includes: The central standard cylinder 1 has an upper reinforcing cylinder 2 connected to its top side wall and a lower reinforcing cylinder 3 connected to its bottom side wall. Slit 4: A slit 4 is longitudinally provided on the side wall of the central standard cylinder 1; Second slit: Both the upper reinforcing cylinder 2 and the lower reinforcing cylinder 3 have a second slit longitudinally formed on their side walls, and the second slit is oriented toward the second slit; Locking mechanism 5 is connected to the central standard cylinder 1 and is used to lock the slit 4 and the second slit.

[0020] The principles and beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows: The top and bottom side walls of the central standard cylinder 1 are respectively connected to the upper reinforcing cylinder 2 and the lower reinforcing cylinder 3. Before pouring, the casing structure is hoisted to the design point of the concrete pile. Then, the casing structure is driven into the stratum by a pile driver. When the bottom of the casing structure reaches the preset depth in the stratum, the pile driving is stopped. Then, the steel reinforcement skeleton is inserted into the interior of the central standard cylinder 1, and then the concrete is poured. The openings 4 and 2, which are locked by the locking mechanism 5, will not leak concrete during pouring. When the concrete solidifies to the design parameters, the locking mechanism 5 is unlocked, and the openings 4 and 2 open at the same time. At this time, the inner wall of the casing structure stops contacting the side wall of the concrete pile. The casing structure is lifted away by hoisting equipment to prepare for the next construction. When the device is removed, the frictional resistance between the inner wall of the central standard cylinder 1 and the side wall of the formed concrete pile is reduced, so the temporary support device will not damage the structure of the concrete pile and will not disturb the formed concrete pile. After the locking mechanism 5 is unlocked, the opening 4 and the second opening are opened, and the inner wall of the device can be quickly separated from the side wall of the concrete pile. On the basis of realizing the reuse of the device, it overcomes the friction and disturbance of the molded concrete pile during the disassembly of the support-type casing structure, and greatly improves the quality of the concrete pile. Reusable casing structures offer excellent economic benefits, reducing the time and money costs incurred during construction. The locking mechanism 5 locks the joints 4 and 2, which can prevent concrete leakage during pouring and further improve the quality of the pile. The length of the central standard cylinder 1 can be a fixed length, or it can be manufactured separately based on the requirements of the engineering design. Furthermore, to improve the practicality of the device, multiple sections of central standard cylinder 1 of unit length can be manufactured. The top and bottom of the central standard cylinder 1 are each connected to a flange structure with a side wall slit 4. Threaded holes are provided on the flange structure, and bolts are used to connect the multiple sections of central standard cylinder 1 to the adjacent threaded holes. This modularly assembles the multiple sections of central standard cylinder 1, improving the adaptability of the device under different engineering design requirements.

[0021] Example 2: Reference Figures 1-11 The central standard cylinder 1, the upper reinforcing cylinder 2, and the lower reinforcing cylinder 3 are configured with the same thickness as the central standard cylinder 1.

[0022] The principles and beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows: The upper reinforcing cylinder 2 and the lower reinforcing cylinder 3 are respectively connected to the top and bottom of the central standard cylinder 1, which enhances the strength of the device.

[0023] Example 3: Reference Figures 1-11 The top of the central standard cylinder 1 and the top of the upper reinforcing cylinder 2 are coplanar and form a load-bearing top ring.

[0024] The bottom side wall of the lower reinforcing cylinder 3 is chamfered, and the bottom of the chamfer is coplanar with the bottom of the middle standard cylinder 1.

[0025] The principles and beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows: After the top side wall of the middle standard cylinder 1 is connected to the inner wall of the upper reinforcing cylinder 2, the top of the middle standard cylinder 1 and the top of the upper reinforcing cylinder 2 are coplanar, which increases the area of ​​the top of the device. Therefore, when the pile driver is used to drive the casing structure into the stratum, the impact force applied to the top of the device by the pile driver can be evenly distributed, ensuring the integrity of the whole device. After the bottom side wall of the central standard cylinder 1 is connected to the inner wall of the lower reinforcing cylinder 3, since the bottom side wall of the lower reinforcing cylinder 3 is chamfered and the bottom of the chamfer is coplanar with the bottom of the central standard cylinder 1, a soil-breaking cutting edge structure is formed at the bottom of the device, which further reduces the difficulty of the device being driven into the stratum and improves the accuracy of the device being driven into the stratum.

[0026] Example 4: Reference Figures 1-11 The slit 4 includes: a central slit 6, an upper maze-shaped slit 7, and a lower maze-shaped slit 8. The top and bottom of the central slit 6 are respectively connected to the upper maze-shaped slit 7 and the lower maze-shaped slit 8. The top of the upper maze-shaped slit 7 is located at the top of the central standard cylinder 1, and the bottom of the lower maze-shaped slit 8 is located at the bottom of the central standard cylinder 1.

[0027] The principles and beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows: The top and bottom of the central slit 6 are respectively connected to the upper labyrinth slit 7 and the lower labyrinth slit 8. The central slit 6, the upper labyrinth slit 7 and the lower labyrinth slit 8 run longitudinally through the entire central standard cylinder 1. The upper labyrinth slit 7 and the lower labyrinth slit 8 are set inside the device. Their function is to prevent the central slit 6 from being misaligned in the device by interlocking the concave and convex structures inside the labyrinth slits. This further avoids longitudinal misalignment of the central slit 6 after high-frequency impact from the pile driver, and avoids concrete leakage during pouring.

[0028] Example 5: Reference Figures 1-11 The second opening is specifically a maze-shaped opening 9. The two maze-shaped openings 9 are respectively set towards the upper maze-shaped opening 7 and the lower maze-shaped opening 8. The horizontal concave and convex structure of the maze-shaped opening 9 is set in the opposite direction to the horizontal concave and convex structure of the upper maze-shaped opening 7 and the lower maze-shaped opening 8.

[0029] The principles and beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows: Based on the upper labyrinth-type slit 7 and the lower labyrinth-type slit 8, a labyrinth-type slit 9 is longitudinally installed through the upper reinforcing cylinder 2 and the lower reinforcing cylinder 3. The transverse concave and convex structure of the labyrinth-type slit 9 is set in the opposite direction to the transverse concave and convex structure of the upper labyrinth-type slit 7 and the lower labyrinth-type slit 8. The labyrinth-type slit structure of the labyrinth-type slit 9 forms a reverse interlock, which further reduces the probability of concrete leakage from the device. This reverse interlocking design is equivalent to setting an additional structural lock on the labyrinthine opening structure of the central standard cylinder 1. It can effectively limit the slight displacement or opening tendency that may occur on both sides of the opening under the pouring pressure. This not only greatly increases the tortuosity of the concrete seepage path along the opening, but also enhances the mechanical compressive stability of the overall joint. This can more reliably prevent concrete slurry leakage, ensure the fullness and uniformity of the pile body concrete, and ultimately improve the pile quality and the working reliability of the casing as a temporary support structure.

[0030] Example 6: Reference Figures 1-11 The inner wall of the central standard cylinder 1 is connected to the end of the grouting pipe 10, and the other end of the grouting pipe 10 is located away from the side wall of the central standard cylinder 1.

[0031] The end of the overflow pipe 11 is connected to the inner wall of the central standard cylinder 1. The other end of the overflow pipe 11 is located away from the side wall of the central standard cylinder 1. The overflow pipe 11 and the grouting pipe 10 are arranged on the same horizontal plane.

[0032] The principles and beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows: When pouring concrete, the grouting pipe 10 pours concrete into the interior of the device, and the overflow pipe 11 is used to recover excess concrete. The two pipe structures are connected to the mud closed-loop circulation system for efficient concrete pouring and recycling.

[0033] Example 7: Reference Figures 1-11 The locking mechanism 5 includes: a support plate 12, a jack, and a tension rod 13. One end of the support plate 12 is horizontally connected to the side wall of the central standard cylinder 1, and the other end of the support plate 12 is in contact with the side wall of the central standard cylinder 1. A jack is connected to the support plate 12, and the output end of the jack is connected to the top end of the tension rod 13. The tension rod 13 is parallel to the axis of the central standard cylinder 1 and is located on the side of the slit 4. The tension rod 13 is in sliding contact with the support plate 12.

[0034] The locking mechanism 5 further includes: opening and closing plates 14, guide grooves 15, and sliding pins 16. Multiple opening and closing plates 14 are arranged in a longitudinal linear array on both sides of the tension rod 13. The tops of the horizontally adjacent opening and closing plates 14 are arranged on the same plane. Guide grooves 15 are opened through the opening and closing plates 14. The bottom distance between two adjacent guide grooves 15 is smaller than the top distance between them. Sliding pins 16 are slidably fitted in the guide grooves 15. The end of the sliding pins 16 is connected to the side wall of the central standard cylinder 1.

[0035] The principles and beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows: When the slotted structure needs to be opened, the jacks on the support plate 12 are activated. The output end of the jack reset drives the tension rod 13 to move downward. The sliding pin 16 slides into the top of the guide groove 15 and moves away from the slot 4. Therefore, the slot is opened. The internal expansion stress and mechanical thrust of the central standard cylinder 1 instantly cause the slotted structure to open outward. The casing structure undergoes millimeter-level micro-expansion deformation, just like peeling an eggshell instantly. This immediately and completely cuts off the friction force generated by the internal contact with the side wall of the concrete pile, as well as the static binding friction force with the external soft soil. This achieves efficient and rapid removal of the casing structure without disturbing the formed concrete pile. When the slit structure needs to be closed, the jacks on the support plate 12 are activated again. The output end of the jacks drives the tension rod 13 to move upward, and the sliding pin 16 slides into the bottom of the guide groove 15. The sliding pin 16 moves toward the slit 4, so the slit is closed and locked. The locked slit 4 can withstand the high-frequency impact from the pile driver. With good locking stability, the mechanism replaces the traditional, easily damaged underwater horizontal hydraulic cylinder, which is highly practical and more stable. If the jacks used in the existing technology in the mechanism are too large, the output end of the jacks is set upward. Therefore, when the tension rod 13 is moved upward, it is easy to apply a locking force to the sliding pin 16 through the guide groove 15. When unlocking, it is only necessary to stop the upward pulling force of the jacks. Under the action of the elastic potential energy of the central standard cylinder 1, the slit structure can be opened smoothly.

[0036] Example 8: Reference Figures 1-11It also includes: an internal cleaning mechanism for the central standard cylinder 1, used to clean the inner wall of the central standard cylinder 1 after pile driving is completed. The internal cleaning mechanism for the central standard cylinder 1 includes: a mounting frame 17, a water supply pipe 18, a toothed ring 19, a gear 20, a motor 21, a housing 22, a drain pipe 23, and a high-pressure nozzle 24. The mounting frame 17 is slidably connected to a longitudinally arranged guide rail. At the same time, the mounting frame 17 is threadedly connected to a lead screw. The output end of the drive motor is connected to the end of the lead screw. The drive motor and the guide rail are both connected to a fixed seat. The fixed seat is fixed to the side wall of the upper reinforcing cylinder 2 by a clamp-type clamp in the prior art. The horizontal plane of the mounting frame 17 is parallel to the top surface of the central standard cylinder 1, and the area of ​​the mounting frame 17 is smaller than the internal area of ​​the central standard cylinder 1. The guide rail, lead screw, drive motor, and fixed seat constitute a common lifting mechanism in the prior art. A water supply pipe 18 is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket 17. A gear ring 19 is connected to the water supply pipe 18. The gear ring 19 meshes with a gear 20. The gear 20 is connected to the output end of the motor 21 on the mounting bracket 17. The bottom end of the water supply pipe 18 extends into the housing 22. The inner wall of the water supply pipe 18 is connected to the ends of multiple drain pipes 23. The other end of the drain pipe 23 is connected to a high-pressure nozzle 24. The high-pressure nozzle 24 extends out to the outside of the side wall of the housing 22. The output end of the high-pressure nozzle 24 faces the inner wall of the central standard cylinder 1.

[0037] The principles and beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows: The purpose of the internal cleaning mechanism of the central standard cylinder 1 is to clean the residual concrete inside the central standard cylinder 1, preventing the phenomenon of concrete bonding with residual concrete during the next pour. This not only ensures a smooth outer surface of the concrete pile but also prevents the casing structure from failing to detach from the concrete pile during removal. Specifically, after the casing structure is removed from the concrete pile, the internal cleaning mechanism of the central standard cylinder 1 is moved to the top of the device using hoisting equipment. The fixing seat is fixed to the side wall of the upper reinforcing cylinder 2 by clamping fixtures. Then, the start of the drive motor drives the lead screw to rotate. With the sliding cooperation of the guide rail, the power supply on the mounting frame 17... The water pipe 18 can move up and down. When the water supply pipe 18 moves downward, the outer casing 22 moves. After the high-pressure nozzle 24 moves into the interior of the central standard cylinder 1, the water flowing in the water supply pipe 18 enters the drain pipe 23 and is sprayed out through the high-pressure nozzle 24. When the high-pressure nozzle 24 moves downward, the motor 21 starts, the gear 20 rotates and drives the gear ring 19 to rotate, and the gear ring 19 drives the water supply pipe 18 to rotate. The rotating high-pressure nozzle 24 impacts and cleans the residual concrete on the inner wall of the central standard cylinder 1, thereby improving the cleanliness of the interior of the central standard cylinder 1. On this basis, the input of manual labor costs is reduced, while the cleaning efficiency is improved. If the concrete residue on the inner wall of the central standard cylinder 1 is in a solidified state and difficult to clean, the high-pressure nozzle 24 can be fixed in the horizontal direction to keep the working housing 22 of the motor 21 rotating. The multiple high-pressure nozzles 24 in the device can be used to repeatedly impact and clean the stubborn residual concrete.

[0038] Example 9: Reference Figures 1-11 A drive pipe 25 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the drain pipe 23. A gear ring 26 is connected to the end of the drive pipe 25. The gear ring 26 meshes with a gear 27. The gear 27 is connected to the output end of the motor 28 on the water supply pipe 18. A cylindrical gear ring 29 is connected to the other end of the drive pipe 25. The cylindrical gear ring 29 meshes with one side of the crown tooth 30. The crown tooth 30 is mounted on the rotating shaft 31. The rotating shaft 31 is rotatably sealed to the side wall of the drain pipe 23. A longitudinal pipe 33 is connected to the drain pipe 23. The end of the rotating shaft 31 placed inside the drain pipe 23 is connected to a cylindrical valve 32. The cylindrical valve 32 is rotatably sealed to the longitudinal pipe 33. The through hole 34 of the cylindrical valve 32 is alternately connected to the drain pipe 23.

[0039] The principles and beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows: When cleaning concrete, if large volumes of residual concrete are encountered that are difficult to clean, the water pressure output by the high-pressure nozzle 24 can be changed. Since the output hole diameter of the high-pressure nozzle 24 is fixed, it is only necessary to increase the flow rate of water delivered to the high-pressure nozzle 24 by the drain pipe 23. At this time, the motor 28 is started, and the output end of the motor 28 drives the gear 27 to rotate. The gear 27 drives the gear ring 26 that meshes with it to rotate. The gear ring 26 drives the drive pipe 25 to rotate on the drain pipe 23. The cylindrical gear ring 29 rotates, and the crown tooth 30 that meshes with it rotates. The crown tooth 30 drives the cylindrical valve 32 to rotate in the longitudinal pipe 33. After the conduction area between the through hole 34 and the drain pipe 23 increases, the water flow rate delivered to the high-pressure nozzle 24 increases, and the water pressure increases, so as to efficiently clean large volumes of residual concrete. After restarting motor 28, the output end of motor 28 drives gear 27 to rotate in the opposite direction. Gear 27 drives gear ring 26, which meshes with it, to rotate in the opposite direction. Gear ring 26 drives drive pipe 25 to rotate in the opposite direction on drain pipe 23. Cylindrical gear ring 29 rotates in the opposite direction, and crown tooth 30, which meshes with it, rotates in the opposite direction. Crown tooth 30 drives cylindrical valve 32 to rotate in the opposite direction in longitudinal pipe 33. After the conduction area between through hole 34 and drain pipe 23 is reduced, the water flow delivered to high-pressure nozzle 24 is reduced, and the water pressure is reduced, thus avoiding waste of water resources.

[0040] Example 10: Reference Figures 1-11The crown tooth 30 is connected to a cylindrical toothed ring 35 on the other side. The cylindrical toothed ring 35 is connected to the end of the drive pipe 36. The drive pipe 36 is rotatably connected to the drain pipe 23. The other end of the drive pipe 36 is connected to a toothed ring 37. A rack 38 is connected to each side of the toothed ring 37. The rack 38 is connected to the side wall of the scraper 39. The two scrapers 39 are arranged in parallel longitudinally. The scraper 39 is slidably sealed with the groove 41 at the end of the outer shell 22. The scraper 39 is slidably sealed with the groove 42 at the top and bottom of the outer shell 22. The end of the groove 41 is connected to the end of the groove 42. The end of the scraper 39 away from the side wall of the outer shell 22 is provided with multiple openings 40. The openings 40 on the two longitudinally parallel scrapers 39 overlap.

[0041] The principles and beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows: While using high-pressure water to clean the interior of the central standard cylinder 1, a scraper 39 with openings 40 is used to scrape the inner wall of the central standard cylinder 1. Because the scraper 39 has multiple openings 40, a toothed structure is formed between adjacent openings 40. During the initial operation of the device, the toothed structures of adjacent scraper 39 overlap. When the volume of residual concrete to be treated is large, the rotation of the crown-shaped teeth 30 causes the cylindrical toothed ring 35 to rotate. The cylindrical toothed ring 35 drives the drive pipe 36, which is rotatably connected to the drain pipe 23, to rotate. Simultaneously, the toothed ring 37 rotates. The slots 41 and 42 slide and seal with the scraper 39, using a sealing mechanism found in existing technology. It can not only prevent moisture and dust from entering, but also avoid damage to the sliding seal by sharp concrete debris. Under the sliding cooperation of the end of the groove 41 and the second groove 42, the two scrapers 39 move up or down respectively to increase the contact area between the scraper 39 and the concrete to be cleaned. Combined with the high-pressure water flow, the cleaning effect is further improved. Since the opening 40 is set, the impact of solidified residual concrete on the scraper 39 and the outer shell 22 is reduced. In order to avoid the setting of the opening 40 causing the residual concrete to be not cleaned thoroughly, the openings 40 on the adjacent scrapers 39 are staggered at this time. Therefore, the two adjacent toothed structures are staggered to ensure that the scraper 39 can thoroughly scrape the residual concrete on the inner wall of the central standard cylinder 1. If the thickness of the residual concrete is too large and the solidification strength is high, the rotation speed of the outer shell 22 can be reduced. At this time, the output end of the motor 28 controls the gear 27 to rotate left and right. The first slowly rotating toothed structure initially breaks up the residual concrete, and high-pressure water impacts and removes dust. The second slowly rotating toothed structure thoroughly cleans the concrete to ensure the cleaning effect. Furthermore, it can be seen that the high-pressure nozzle 24 is set between the two scrapers 39. When the cleaning water output by the high-pressure nozzle 24 impacts the inner wall of the central standard cylinder 1, it can not only spread upward and downward along the inner wall, but also spread to the sides of the two scrapers 39. Before the first scraper 39 that comes into contact with the concrete scrapes, the concrete will first come into contact with the high-pressure water and be initially broken. When the residual concrete adheres to the inner wall of the central standard cylinder 1, the strength of the residual concrete can also be reduced in advance by using high water pressure. It can also help reduce the rotation speed of the scraper 39. On the one hand, it can avoid the scraper 39 being impacted, and on the other hand, it can avoid the impact on the inner wall of the central standard cylinder 1 due to the peeling of concrete during cleaning. After cleaning is completed, the water pressure of the high-pressure nozzle 24 returns to its initial value, the reverse rotation of the crown tooth 30 drives the cylindrical tooth ring 35 to rotate in the reverse direction, the cylindrical tooth ring 35 drives the drive pipe 36 connected to the drain pipe 23 to rotate in the reverse direction, and the tooth ring 37 rotates in the reverse direction simultaneously. Under the sliding cooperation between the end of the slot 41 and the slot 42, the two scrapers 39 move downward or upward respectively, and finally reset to prepare for the next work.

[0042] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the embodiments of the specification. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A single-sided opening and closing type underwater casing, characterized in that, include: The middle standard cylinder (1) is connected to the top side wall of the middle standard cylinder (1) with an upper reinforcing cylinder (2) and the bottom side wall of the middle standard cylinder (1) with a lower reinforcing cylinder (3). The central standard cylinder (1) has a longitudinally spaced slit (4) on its side wall. The second slit is provided longitudinally on the side wall of both the upper reinforcing cylinder (2) and the lower reinforcing cylinder (3), and the second slit is positioned facing the slit (4); Locking mechanism (5) is connected to the central standard cylinder (1) for locking the opening (4) and the second opening.

2. The underwater single-sided opening and closing type casing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central standard cylinder (1), the upper reinforcing cylinder (2), and the lower reinforcing cylinder (3) are configured with the same thickness as the central standard cylinder (1).

3. A single-sided opening and closing underwater casing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the central standard cylinder (1) and the top of the upper reinforcing cylinder (2) are set on the same plane and form a top ring for bearing load.

4. A single-sided opening and closing underwater casing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom side wall of the lower reinforcing cylinder (3) is chamfered, and the bottom of the chamfer is coplanar with the bottom of the middle standard cylinder (1).

5. A single-sided opening and closing underwater casing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slit (4) includes: a central slit (6), an upper maze-type slit (7) and a lower maze-type slit (8). The top and bottom of the central slit (6) are respectively connected to the upper maze-type slit (7) and the lower maze-type slit (8). The top of the upper maze-type slit (7) is opened at the top of the central standard cylinder (1), and the bottom of the lower maze-type slit (8) is opened at the bottom of the central standard cylinder (1).

6. A single-sided opening and closing underwater casing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second opening is specifically a maze-type opening (9). The two maze-type openings (9) are set facing the upper maze-type opening (7) and the lower maze-type opening (8) respectively. The horizontal concave-convex structure of the maze-type opening (9) is set in the opposite direction to the horizontal concave-convex structure of the upper maze-type opening (7) and the lower maze-type opening (8).

7. A single-sided opening and closing underwater casing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the central standard cylinder (1) is connected to the end of the grouting pipe (10), and the other end of the grouting pipe (10) is located away from the side wall of the central standard cylinder (1).

8. A single-sided opening and closing underwater casing according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inner wall of the central standard cylinder (1) is connected to the end of the overflow pipe (11), and the other end of the overflow pipe (11) is set away from the side wall of the central standard cylinder (1). The axis of the overflow pipe (11) and the grouting pipe (10) are set on the same horizontal plane.

9. A single-sided opening and closing underwater casing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking mechanism (5) includes: a support plate (12), a jack, and a tension rod (13). One end of the support plate (12) is horizontally connected to the side wall of the central standard cylinder (1), and the other end of the support plate (12) is in contact with the side wall of the central standard cylinder (1). A jack is connected to the support plate (12), and the output end of the jack is connected to the top of the tension rod (13). The tension rod (13) is parallel to the axis of the central standard cylinder (1), and the tension rod (13) is located on the side of the slit (4). The tension rod (13) is in sliding contact with the support plate (12).

10. A single-sided opening and closing underwater casing according to claim 9, characterized in that, The locking mechanism (5) further includes: opening and closing plates (14), guide grooves (15) and sliding pins (16). Multiple opening and closing plates (14) are arranged in a straight line array on both sides of the tension rod (13). The tops of the horizontally adjacent opening and closing plates (14) are arranged on the same plane. Guide grooves (15) are opened through the opening and closing plates (14). The bottom distance between two adjacent guide grooves (15) is smaller than the top distance. A sliding pin (16) is slidably fitted in the guide groove (15). The end of the sliding pin (16) is connected to the side wall of the central standard cylinder (1).

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