Construction method of large-opening spoke type tensile cable structure

Abstract

This invention discloses a construction method for a large-aperture spoke-type tensioned cable structure. The method targets structures comprising a rigid grid, inner and outer pressure rings, and a cable-stayed system. The steps include: after installing the rigid grid on a support frame, installing the circumferential cables, all radial cables, and struts; dividing the 72 radial cables into three batches, and performing graded tensioning in four stages (pre-tensioning, first to fourth stages) in a specific batch sequence, with the first batch of fly poles and stay cables being installed preferentially in the critical stress area after tensioning to 80% of the design cable force in the third stage; finally, tensioning the cable force to 100% and locking it, followed by installing the remaining fly poles and stay cables, and unloading the support frame. This method, by combining a batch-by-batch, stage-by-stage, and sequentially alternating tensioning process with timely installation of key components, solves the problems of uneven stress distribution during tensioning of ultra-large-scale cable bodies, low component coordination efficiency, and large-aperture forming accuracy control, ensuring a safe and controllable construction process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building structure construction technology, and more specifically, to a construction method for a large-opening spoke-type tensioned cable structure, applicable to the construction of large-span spatial structures in large public buildings such as stadiums and convention centers. Background Technology

[0002] Modern large-span buildings place stringent demands on large spatial coverage and structural efficiency. Large-aperture spoke-wheel tensioned cable structures, with their superior mechanical properties and economic efficiency, have become a preferred option. These structures typically consist of a rigid grid, an outer pressure ring beam, an inner pressure ring, and a complex cable-stayed system connecting the interior and exterior (including radial cables, circumferential cables, stay cables, struts, and fly poles), forming a self-balancing system through prestressing. However, as the structural span and opening size increase, especially when dealing with ultra-large-scale cable arrangements such as 72 radial cables, traditional construction methods have revealed many unresolved contradictions in engineering practice.

[0003] The core challenges lie in achieving "synchronization, uniformity, coordination, and precision." First, synchronization and uniformity are difficult to balance. If overly simplistic batch tensioning (e.g., only two batches) or near-synchronous tensioning is used in pursuit of synchronization, the uneven distribution of tension forces along the uneven force transmission paths of the 72 radial cables, with their wide spatial distribution and significantly different stress states, can easily lead to unacceptable excessive deformation or cable stress deviations in localized areas. Conversely, if an overly complex multi-batch, small-step tensioning sequence is designed in pursuit of uniformity, it will severely slow down the construction period, increase the complexity of equipment scheduling and on-site organization, and result in low construction efficiency.

[0004] Secondly, the timing of intervention for key components (such as stay cables and anchors) lacks scientific basis. The timing of stay cable installation is a typical engineering trade-off. Installing too early results in insufficient initial structural stiffness, and the application of prestress to the stay cables may trigger overall instability; installing too late, however, means the main structure has already formed relatively fixed prestress deformation, making it difficult for the stay cables to effectively establish the design preload, rendering them ineffective and unable to fulfill their role in load sharing and stiffness enhancement. Existing methods often determine this timing based on experience, lacking a quantitative correlation with the overall tensioning process.

[0005] Furthermore, the batch division logic of ultra-large-scale cable groups is often disconnected from the previous hoisting and installation zoning. Simply grouping by diameter or symmetry fails to consider the continuity of the construction process, resulting in abrupt transitions between tensioning operations and previous procedures, reduced on-site efficiency, and potentially amplified local deformation due to unreasonable zoning.

[0006] Finally, the configuration control of large-opening structures is exceptionally sensitive during the process of detaching from the support frame and forming the final shape. Conventional graded tension thresholds (such as 30%, 60%, 100%) may not be suitable for their unique mechanical properties, especially in the stage where the nonlinear relationship between cable force and displacement is significant. Without refined control methods, the final forming accuracy is difficult to guarantee, often requiring repeated adjustments, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0007] Therefore, the industry urgently needs a construction method that can systematically solve the above contradictions and achieve efficient and controllable construction while ensuring construction safety and forming accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a construction method for a large-opening spoke-type tensioned cable structure. This method aims to systematically solve core problems such as uneven tensioning of ultra-large-scale cable bodies, inefficient coordination of key components, and difficulty in controlling the precision of large-opening forming through a set of interconnected process designs, so as to achieve a safe and controllable construction process and ensure that the final internal forces and alignment of the structure meet the design requirements.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A construction method for a large-opening spoke-type tensioned cable structure, the structure comprising a rigid grid, an outer pressure ring beam, an inner pressure ring, and a cable-stayed system connecting the inner pressure ring and the outer pressure ring beam, the cable-stayed system comprising radial cables, circumferential cables, stay cables, struts, and fly poles. The construction method includes the following steps: S1. Cable installation: After the rigid grid is installed and closed on the support frame, the circumferential cable is installed, all 72 radial cables are installed in place, and all struts are installed in place between the radial cables and the rigid grid and between the circumferential cable and the rigid grid. S2. Phased and staged tensioning: The 72 radial cables are divided into three batches: the 1st, the 2nd, and the 3rd, with each batch containing 24 radial cables. The radial cables are tensioned sequentially in four stages: the pre-tensioning stage, the first to the fourth tensioning stages. During the pre-tightening stage, all radial cables are simultaneously pre-tightened to 10% of their design cable force. In the first tensioning stage, the radial cables of each batch are tensioned to 30% of their design force in the order of batch 1, batch 2, and batch 3. In the second tensioning stage, the radial cables of each batch are tensioned to 50% of their design force in the order of the third batch, the second batch, and the first batch. In the third tensioning stage, the radial cables of each batch are tensioned to 80% of their design cable force in the order of the first, second and third batches. After the tensioning in this stage is completed, the first batch of flying columns are installed first in the critical stress area of ​​the structure, followed by the first batch of stay cables. The critical stress area of ​​the structure is the local area with the largest overall displacement and internal force response of the structure, as determined by construction simulation analysis. In the fourth tensioning stage, the radial cables of each batch are tensioned step by step to 100% of their design cable force in the order of the third batch, the second batch, and the first batch, and then over-tensioning and stress release locking are performed. S3. Install the remaining fly poles and stay cables, unload the support frame, and complete the structural forming.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the 72 radial cables are numbered sequentially from JXS1 to JXS72 in a counterclockwise direction, and their batch division is as follows: The first batch of radial cables includes: JXS1, JXS4, JXS7, JXS10, JXS13, JXS16, JXS21, JXS24, JXS27, JXS30, JXS33, JXS36, JXS37, JXS40, JXS43, ​​JXS46, JXS49, JXS52, JXS57, JXS60, JXS63, JXS66, JXS69, and JXS72; The second batch of radial cables includes: JXS2, JXS5, JXS8, JXS11, JXS14, JXS17, JXS20, JXS23, JXS26, JXS29, JXS32, JXS35, JXS38, JXS41, JXS44, JXS47, JXS50, JXS53, JXS56, JXS59, JXS62, JXS65, JXS68, and JXS71; The third batch of radial cables includes: JXS3, JXS6, JXS9, JXS12, JXS15, JXS18, JXS19, JXS22, JXS25, JXS28, JXS31, JXS34, JXS39, JXS42, JXS45, JXS48, JXS51, JXS54, JXS55, JXS58, JXS61, JXS64, JXS67, and JXS70; Among them, radial cables numbered JXS1-JXS18 are all located in the second quadrant region of the XY coordinate system of the structure; radial cables numbered JXS19-JXS36 are all located in the third quadrant region of the XY coordinate system of the structure; radial cables numbered JXS37-JXS54 are all located in the fourth quadrant region of the XY coordinate system of the structure; and radial cables numbered JXS55-JXS72 are all located in the first quadrant region of the XY coordinate system of the structure.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first batch of flying columns and the first batch of stay cables located in the critical stress zone of the structure are installed in the third tensioning stage. The timing of their installation is determined based on the following conditions: the radial cables have established 80% of the design cable force, the overall stiffness of the structure has reached more than 75% of the design value, and it can withstand the load brought about by the installation of the stay cables and the deformation is controllable.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, all 72 flying posts are divided into 9 batches and installed sequentially between the circumferential cable and the inner pressure ring, with each batch containing 8 flying posts. The installation positions of the first batch of flying columns correspond one-to-one with the radial cables numbered JXS12, JXS13, JXS24, JXS25, JXS48, JXS49, JXS60 and JXS61 respectively. The installation positions of the second batch of flying columns correspond one-to-one with the radial cables numbered JXS11, JXS14, JXS23, JXS26, JXS47, JXS50, JXS59 and JXS62, respectively. The installation positions of the third batch of flying columns correspond one-to-one with the radial cables numbered JXS10, JXS15, JXS22, JXS27, JXS46, JXS51, JXS58 and JXS63 respectively. The installation positions of the fourth batch of flying columns correspond one-to-one with the radial cables numbered JXS9, JXS16, JXS21, JXS28, JXS45, JXS52, JXS57 and JXS64 respectively. The installation positions of the fifth batch of flying columns correspond one-to-one with the radial cables numbered JXS8, JXS17, JXS20, JXS29, JXS44, JXS53, JXS56 and JXS65 respectively. The installation positions of the sixth batch of flying columns correspond one-to-one with the radial cables numbered JXS7, JXS18, JXS19, JXS30, JXS43, ​​JXS54, JXS55 and JXS66 respectively. The installation positions of the 7th batch of flying columns correspond one-to-one with the radial cables numbered JXS5, JXS6, JXS31, JXS32, JXS41, JXS42, JXS67 and JXS68 respectively. The installation positions of the 8th batch of flying columns correspond one-to-one with the radial cables numbered JXS3, JXS4, JXS33, JXS34, JXS39, JXS40, JXS69 and JXS70 respectively. The installation positions of the 9th batch of flying columns correspond one-to-one with the radial cables numbered JXS1, JXS2, JXS35, JXS36, JXS37, JXS38, JXS71 and JXS72.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, all 144 stay cables are divided into 10 batches, and two stay cables arranged in a cross pattern are installed between two adjacent fly poles. The first batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS12 and JXS13, JXS24 and JXS25, JXS48 and JXS49, and JXS60 and JXS61, respectively. The second batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS2 and JXS3, JXS3 and JXS4, JXS33 and JXS34, JXS34 and JXS35, JXS38 and JXS39, JXS39 and JXS40, JXS69 and JXS70, and JXS70 and JXS71, respectively. The third batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS4 and JXS5, JXS5 and JXS6, JXS31 and JXS32, JXS32 and JXS33, JXS40 and JXS41, JXS41 and JXS42, JXS67 and JXS68, and JXS68 and JXS69, respectively. The fourth batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS6 and JXS7, JXS7 and JXS8, JXS29 and JXS30, JXS30 and JXS31, JXS42 and JXS43, ​​JXS43 and JXS44, JXS65 and JXS66, and JXS66 and JXS67, respectively. The fifth batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS8 and JXS9, JXS9 and JXS10, JXS27 and JXS28, JXS28 and JXS29, JXS44 and JXS45, JXS45 and JXS46, JXS63 and JXS64, and JXS64 and JXS65, respectively. The sixth batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS10 and JXS11, JXS11 and JXS12, JXS25 and JXS26, JXS26 and JXS27, JXS46 and JXS47, JXS47 and JXS48, JXS61 and JXS62, and JXS62 and JXS63, respectively. The seventh batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS13 and JXS14, JXS23 and JXS24, JXS49 and JXS50, and JXS59 and JXS60, respectively. The 8th batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS14 and JXS15, JXS15 and JXS16, JXS21 and JXS22, JXS22 and JXS23, JXS50 and JXS51, JXS51 and JXS52, JXS57 and JXS58, and JXS58 and JXS59, respectively. The 9th batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS16 and JXS17, JXS20 and JXS21, JXS52 and JXS53, and JXS56 and JXS57, respectively. The 10th batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS1 and JXS2, JXS17 and JXS18, JXS18 and JXS19, JXS19 and JXS20, JXS35 and JXS36, JXS36 and JXS37, JXS37 and JXS38, JXS53 and JXS54, JXS54 and JXS55, JXS55 and JXS56, JXS71 and JXS72, and JXS72 and JXS1, respectively.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the over-tensioning control process after the radial cable is tensioned to 100% of the design cable force in the fourth tensioning stage includes: S2.4.1 After the radial cable force reaches 100% of the design value, hold the load for a predetermined time and monitor the cable force and structural deformation stability. S2.4.2. Slowly increase the pressure at the first predetermined rate to raise the cable force to 105% of the design value, hold the load and monitor the cable force, structural deformation and nodal stress simultaneously; S2.4.3 After the load is held, the cable force is slowly reduced to 100% of the design value at a second predetermined rate, and then the anchor is locked. S2.4.4. Perform at least one cable tension check after the over-tensioning is completed.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in each tensioning stage of the radial cable, a dual control principle of "cable force control as the main method and structural deformation control as the auxiliary method" is adopted, and tension force control is carried out using a matching and calibrated tensioning device.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a dedicated construction operation platform needs to be erected at the tensioning operation position before radial cable tensioning.

[0017] As can be seen from the above, the construction method for the large-opening spoke-type tensioned cable structure of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. Significantly improved uniformity of stress distribution: Through the innovative “three batches and four stages, alternating forward and reverse order” tensioning sequence, combined with the radial cable “skip selection” uniform batch division, the internal force development of the 72 cables during the tensioning process is effectively balanced, greatly reducing the risk of local stress concentration and deformation exceeding limits.

[0018] 2. Highly Efficient Collaboration of Key Components: A quantitative timeframe was established for the intervention of stay cables and struts when the radial cable force reached 80% of the design value and the structural stiffness exceeded 75%. A precise, numbered sequence for the batch installation of struts and stay cables was also provided. This enabled the stay cables to effectively establish prestress and work collaboratively with the radial cables, resolving the pain points of relying on experience for installation timing and resulting in poor collaboration.

[0019] 3. Precise forming accuracy control: The standardized over-tensioning and stress fallback locking process, as well as the strict implementation of the "dual control principle", systematically compensate for various prestress losses, ensure the accuracy of the final cable force, and provide process guarantee for the precise forming of large-span and large-opening structures.

[0020] 4. Balancing construction safety and efficiency: Clear construction steps, dedicated operating platforms, and meticulous batch management ensure clear organization and controllable operation for ultra-large-scale cable-stayed structures. This not only improves quality but also helps to shorten the construction period and reduce safety risks.

[0021] Therefore, it can be seen that the present invention, through the above-mentioned set of logically rigorous and detailed construction methods, has transformed the construction of large-opening spoke-type tensioned cable structures from "experience-driven" to "process-controllable," and has good engineering application value. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a large-opening spoke-type tensioned cable structure (i.e., a cable-supported grid structure); Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cable-stayed system in a tensioned cable structure; Figure 3 This is a distribution map of radial cables and their numbers.

[0024] Explanation of markings in the diagram: Rigid mesh 10; outer pressure ring beam 20; inner pressure ring 30; cable-stayed system 40; radial cable 41; circumferential cable 42; stay cable 43; strut 44; flying column 45. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0026] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0027] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0028] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," or "outer" are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this invention is usually placed, they are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0029] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown in the figure, this invention proposes a construction method for a large-opening spoke-type tensioned cable structure. The structure includes a rigid grid 10, an outer pressure ring beam 20, an inner pressure ring 30, and a cable-stayed system 40 connecting the inner pressure ring 30 and the outer pressure ring beam 20. The cable-stayed system 40 includes radial cables 41, circumferential cables 42, stay cables 43, struts 44, and fly poles 45. The method includes the following steps: S1. Cable Installation: After the rigid mesh 10 is installed and closed on the support frame, the circumferential cables 42 are installed. Then, all 72 radial cables 41 are installed in place, and all struts 44 are installed at the corresponding nodes between the radial cables 41, circumferential cables 42, and the rigid mesh 10. The specific construction process is as follows: First, a stable support frame was erected on site. Then, using a segmented hoisting and high-altitude splicing method, the upper rigid grid 10 was installed and closed. After closure, the circumferential cables 42 were installed to form the outer constraint. Next, all 72 radial cables 41 (pre-numbered JXS1 to JXS72 in a counter-clockwise direction) were installed in sequence, with one end anchored to the inner pressure ring 30 and the other end anchored to the outer pressure ring beam 20. Finally, all struts 44 were installed between the radial cables 41, the circumferential cables 42, and the upper chord nodes of the rigid grid 10. At this point, the basic framework of the cable-stayed system 40 was completed.

[0032] S2. Batch and Stage Tensioning: All 72 radial cables 41 are divided into three batches: Batch 1, Batch 2, and Batch 3, with each batch containing precisely 24 radial cables 41. The tensioning process is carried out in four stages: pre-tensioning, and the first through fourth tensioning stages. The tensioning objectives and sequence of each stage are interconnected. Pre-tensioning stage: All radial cables 41 are simultaneously pre-tensioned to 10% of their design cable force. This step may seem simple, but it is actually crucial. Its purpose is to initially eliminate cable slack and establish a relatively uniform initial state for subsequent differentiated batch tensioning, avoiding excessive initial deviation caused by "starting from zero".

[0033] The first tensioning stage: Following the order of batch 1 → batch 2 → batch 3, the radial cables of each batch are tensioned sequentially to 30% of their design cable force. This stage adopts a forward sequence, aiming to initially establish the prestressed frame of the structure.

[0034] The second tensioning stage: Following the order of batch 3 → batch 2 → batch 1, the radial cables of each batch are tensioned sequentially to 50% of their design force. This stage uses a completely reverse order from the previous stage, which is an important "correction" design. In practice, we have found that after the first stage of tensioning, the structural response in the area where the later-tensioned batches are located may lag. Reverse tensioning can actively balance the stress differences formed in different areas in the previous stage, effectively suppressing the accumulation of asymmetric deformation.

[0035] The third tensioning stage: Following the order of batch 1 → batch 2 → batch 3, the radial cables 41 of each batch are tensioned sequentially to 80% of their design cable force. After this stage of tensioning, a critical decision point is reached: in the critical stress zone of the structure, the first batch of fly-columns 45 are installed first, followed by the first batch of stay cables 43 installed at positions completely corresponding to the fly-columns 45, ensuring that the critical stress zone forms a stable stress system first. The "critical stress zone" here needs to be pre-determined through simulation analysis of the entire construction process; it is typically the local area where the overall structural displacement and internal force response are most significant. Choosing to intervene at 80% cable tension is a balance point verified through repeated simulations and project experience: at this point, the structure already possesses sufficient stiffness (typically exceeding 75% of the design value), capable of safely withstanding the loads from the installation of new components (flying column 45, stay cable 43) and initial tension, with controllable deformation; simultaneously, it provides space for stay cable 43 to participate in the subsequent final tensioning (from 80% to 100%), enabling it to effectively establish the design preload and truly exert its synergistic force-bearing effect. Installing too early or too late will not achieve this optimized effect.

[0036] The fourth tensioning stage: Following the order of batch 3 → batch 2 → batch 1, each batch of radial cables 41 is tensioned stepwise to 100% of its design cable force, followed by over-tensioning and stress release locking procedures. Stepwise tensioning ensures a smooth transition, while over-tensioning is a key process to compensate for long-term relaxation and ensure long-term cable force stability; it is not simply a matter of tensioning to 100%.

[0037] S3. Complete Installation and Unloading: After the radial cable 41 is finally locked, install the remaining fly poles 45 and stay cables 43 (for example, install all fly poles in batches 2 to 9 first, then install all stay cables in batches 2 to 10) to ensure that the structural stiffness is uniformly established and the cables and rods work together to bear the load. Finally, unload the support frame in an orderly manner, and the structure is fully self-supporting, completing the forming process.

[0038] As a further refinement and optimization of the technical solution in this embodiment, the following specific designs with prominent substantive features are added to address potential ambiguities or implementation difficulties in each stage: 1. Regarding the batch division logic of radial cable 41: To avoid uneven stress caused by arbitrary division, this embodiment provides a unique and clear mapping scheme for the batch assignment of the 72 radial cables 41 (numbered counterclockwise JXS1-JXS72). This division is not simply based on region or consecutive numbering, but rather employs a "skip selection" strategy to ensure that the 24 cables in each batch are distributed as evenly and staggeredly as possible on the structural plane. The specific batch division is as follows: The first batch of radial cables 41 includes: JXS1, JXS4, JXS7, JXS10, JXS13, JXS16, JXS21, JXS24, JXS27, JXS30, JXS33, JXS36, JXS37, JXS40, JXS43, ​​JXS46, JXS49, JXS52, JXS57, JXS60, JXS63, JXS66, JXS69, and JXS72; The second batch of radial cables 41 includes: JXS2, JXS5, JXS8, JXS11, JXS14, JXS17, JXS20, JXS23, JXS26, JXS29, JXS32, JXS35, JXS38, JXS41, JXS44, JXS47, JXS50, JXS53, JXS56, JXS59, JXS62, JXS65, JXS68, and JXS71; The third batch of radial cables 41 includes: JXS3, JXS6, JXS9, JXS12, JXS15, JXS18, JXS19, JXS22, JXS25, JXS28, JXS31, JXS34, JXS39, JXS42, JXS45, JXS48, JXS51, JXS54, JXS55, JXS58, JXS61, JXS64, JXS67, and JXS70; Among them, radial cables 41 numbered JXS1-JXS18 are all located in the second quadrant region of the XY coordinate system of the structure; radial cables 41 numbered JXS19-JXS36 are all located in the third quadrant region of the XY coordinate system of the structure; radial cables 41 numbered JXS37-JXS54 are all located in the fourth quadrant region of the XY coordinate system of the structure; and radial cables 41 numbered JXS55-JXS72 are all located in the first quadrant region of the XY coordinate system of the structure.

[0039] This batch division ensures that, at any tensioning stage, the tensioned cable body of a batch will not be excessively concentrated in a certain area, thus promoting the uniform spatial diffusion of tension force from the source, effectively suppressing local deformation, and enabling the tensioning operation to be better matched with the hoisting zoning.

[0040] 2. Regarding the meticulous, phased installation of the Flying Column 45: As a key compression component connecting the circumferential cable 42 and the inner pressure ring 30, the installation sequence of the fly-columns 45 directly affects the shape and overall stiffness of the circumferential cable 42. In this embodiment, all 72 fly-columns 45 are divided into 9 batches of 8 for installation. Their positions precisely correspond to the radial cable 41 numbers. For example, the crucial first batch of fly-columns 45 are installed at the positions corresponding to the radial cables 41 numbered JXS12, JXS13, JXS24, JXS25, JXS48, JXS49, JXS60, and JXS61. This selection is not arbitrary; these positions are often areas identified in simulation analysis where the displacement or internal force of the circumferential cable 42 needs to be carefully controlled after the third tensioning stage (at 80% cable force). Prioritizing the installation of fly-columns 45 in these areas provides immediate support and optimizes force flow. The installation positions of the fly-columns 45 in subsequent batches (batch 2 to batch 9) also have clearly corresponding radial cable 41 numbers, for example: The installation positions of the second batch of flying columns 45 correspond one-to-one with the radial cables 41 numbered JXS11, JXS14, JXS23, JXS26, JXS47, JXS50, JXS59 and JXS62 respectively. The installation positions of the third batch of flying columns 45 correspond one-to-one with the radial cables 41 located at JXS10, JXS15, JXS22, JXS27, JXS46, JXS51, JXS58 and JXS63 respectively. The installation positions of the fourth batch of flying columns 45 correspond one-to-one with the radial cables 41 located at JXS9, JXS16, JXS21, JXS28, JXS45, JXS52, JXS57 and JXS64 respectively. The installation positions of the fifth batch of flying columns 45 correspond one-to-one with the radial cables 41 located at JXS8, JXS17, JXS20, JXS29, JXS44, JXS53, JXS56 and JXS65 respectively. The installation positions of the sixth batch of flying columns 45 correspond one-to-one with the radial cables 41 located at JXS7, JXS18, JXS19, JXS30, JXS43, ​​JXS54, JXS55 and JXS66 respectively. The installation positions of the seventh batch of flying columns 45 correspond one-to-one with the radial cables 41 numbered JXS5, JXS6, JXS31, JXS32, JXS41, JXS42, JXS67 and JXS68 respectively. The installation positions of the 8th batch of flying columns 45 correspond one-to-one with the radial cables 41 located at JXS3, JXS4, JXS33, JXS34, JXS39, JXS40, JXS69 and JXS70 respectively. The installation positions of the 9th batch of flying columns 45 correspond one-to-one with the radial cables 41 numbered JXS1, JXS2, JXS35, JXS36, JXS37, JXS38, JXS71 and JXS72.

[0041] This resulted in a complete and orderly installation sequence, ensuring the uniformity and controllability of the stiffness enhancement process.

[0042] 3. Regarding the cross arrangement and phased installation of cable 43: The stay cables 43 (144 in total) are used to enhance in-plane stability. This embodiment specifies the installation of two cross-arranged stay cables 43 between two adjacent fly poles 45. This cross arrangement provides better in-plane shear stiffness. In conjunction with the installation of the fly poles 45, the stay cables 43 are divided into 10 batches. The installation positions of the first batch of stay cables are precisely defined between, for example, radial cables 41 numbered JXS12 and JXS13, JXS24 and JXS25, JXS48 and JXS49, and JXS60 and JXS61. These positions correspond to the positions of the first batch of fly poles 45, collectively forming a locally reinforced stable triangle in the "critical stress zone of the structure." The installation positions of subsequent batches of stay cables 43 are also meticulously defined. For example: The second batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS2 and JXS3, JXS3 and JXS4, JXS33 and JXS34, JXS34 and JXS35, JXS38 and JXS39, JXS39 and JXS40, JXS69 and JXS70, and JXS70 and JXS71, respectively. The third batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS4 and JXS5, JXS5 and JXS6, JXS31 and JXS32, JXS32 and JXS33, JXS40 and JXS41, JXS41 and JXS42, JXS67 and JXS68, and JXS68 and JXS69, respectively. The fourth batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS6 and JXS7, JXS7 and JXS8, JXS29 and JXS30, JXS30 and JXS31, JXS42 and JXS43, ​​JXS43 and JXS44, JXS65 and JXS66, and JXS66 and JXS67, respectively. The fifth batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS8 and JXS9, JXS9 and JXS10, JXS27 and JXS28, JXS28 and JXS29, JXS44 and JXS45, JXS45 and JXS46, JXS63 and JXS64, and JXS64 and JXS65, respectively. The sixth batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS10 and JXS11, JXS11 and JXS12, JXS25 and JXS26, JXS26 and JXS27, JXS46 and JXS47, JXS47 and JXS48, JXS61 and JXS62, and JXS62 and JXS63, respectively. The seventh batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS13 and JXS14, JXS23 and JXS24, JXS49 and JXS50, and JXS59 and JXS60, respectively. The 8th batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS14 and JXS15, JXS15 and JXS16, JXS21 and JXS22, JXS22 and JXS23, JXS50 and JXS51, JXS51 and JXS52, JXS57 and JXS58, and JXS58 and JXS59, respectively. The 9th batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS16 and JXS17, JXS20 and JXS21, JXS52 and JXS53, and JXS56 and JXS57, respectively. The 10th batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS1 and JXS2, JXS17 and JXS18, JXS18 and JXS19, JXS19 and JXS20, JXS35 and JXS36, JXS36 and JXS37, JXS37 and JXS38, JXS53 and JXS54, JXS54 and JXS55, JXS55 and JXS56, JXS71 and JXS72, and JXS72 and JXS1, respectively.

[0043] Thus, this precise installation sequence, down to the specific number, ensured that the installation of the stay cable 43 was closely coordinated with the overall tensioning process and the installation rhythm of the fly column 45, achieving the effect of "installing a batch, stabilizing a section, and gradually advancing".

[0044] 4. Standardized procedures for over-tensioning and stress recovery locking: After tensioning the cable to 100% of the design value in the fourth stage, directly locking it is unreliable. Therefore, this embodiment specifies a mandatory over-tensioning procedure: S2.4.1, Load Stability: Hold the load at 100% design cable force for a period of time (e.g., 15-30 minutes), and monitor the cable force and structural deformation to confirm stability. For example, monitoring shows that the cable force fluctuation is less than ±1%. This allows for sufficient redistribution of internal stress in the cable, and the structure adapts to this load state.

[0045] S2.4.2 Slow Over-tensioning: Increase the cable force to 105% of the design value at a low rate (first predetermined rate, such as 1% of the design cable force per minute) and hold the load again. This step actively overcomes the prestress loss caused by plastic deformation of the cable body and anchorage retraction.

[0046] S2.4.3 Stress Reduction and Locking: After the load holding period ends, the cable force is slowly reduced to 100% of the design value at another lower rate (a second predetermined rate, such as reducing the design cable force by 1% per minute), and the anchor is immediately locked. Slow reduction avoids stress fluctuations caused by impact unloading.

[0047] S2.4.4 Cable Stress Verification: After locking, at least one cable stress verification must be performed to confirm that the final cable stress is within the allowable error range (e.g., ±3%). This is the final closed-loop quality check.

[0048] 5. Principles for tensioning process control and construction safeguards: Throughout the tensioning process, a dual-control principle was adhered to: "cable force control as the primary focus, and structural deformation control as a secondary focus." This means that while achieving the target cable force is the direct objective, the displacement of key nodes and the stress of key members must be monitored continuously. If any deformation or stress anomalies occur, the analysis must be paused even if the cable force has not been reached. To ensure this principle is followed, calibrated tensioning equipment must be used to ensure the accurate relationship between pressure gauge readings and the actual force applied to the cable. Furthermore, a dedicated construction operation platform must be erected at the tensioning operation location before tensioning radial cable 41. This detail ensures the safety and operational precision of construction personnel, avoiding the risks associated with working at heights or near edges, and preventing issues with inaccurate positioning of the tensioning equipment.

[0049] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for a large-opening spoke-type tensioned cable structure, the structure comprising a rigid grid, an outer pressure ring beam, an inner pressure ring, and a cable-stayed system connecting the inner pressure ring and the outer pressure ring beam, wherein the cable-stayed system comprises radial cables, circumferential cables, stay cables, struts, and fly poles, characterized in that, The construction method includes the following steps: S1. Cable installation: After the rigid grid is installed and closed on the support frame, the circumferential cable is installed, all 72 radial cables are installed in place, and all struts are installed in place between the radial cables and the rigid grid and between the circumferential cable and the rigid grid. S2. Phased and staged tensioning: The 72 radial cables are divided into three batches: the 1st, the 2nd, and the 3rd, with each batch containing 24 radial cables. The radial cables are tensioned sequentially in four stages: the pre-tensioning stage, the first to the fourth tensioning stages. During the pre-tightening stage, all radial cables are simultaneously pre-tightened to 10% of their design cable force. In the first tensioning stage, the radial cables of each batch are tensioned to 30% of their design force in the order of batch 1, batch 2, and batch 3. In the second tensioning stage, the radial cables of each batch are tensioned to 50% of their design force in the order of the third batch, the second batch, and the first batch. In the third tensioning stage, the radial cables of each batch are tensioned to 80% of their design cable force in the order of the first, second and third batches. After the tensioning in this stage is completed, the first batch of flying columns are installed first in the critical stress area of ​​the structure, followed by the first batch of stay cables. The critical stress area of ​​the structure is the local area with the largest overall displacement and internal force response of the structure, as determined by construction simulation analysis. In the fourth tensioning stage, the radial cables of each batch are tensioned step by step to 100% of their design cable force in the order of the third batch, the second batch, and the first batch, and then over-tensioning and stress release locking are performed. S3. Install the remaining fly poles and stay cables, unload the support frame, and complete the structural forming.

2. The construction method for a large-opening spoke-type tensioned cable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The 72 radial cables are numbered sequentially from JXS1 to JXS72 in a counterclockwise direction, and their batch division is as follows: The first batch of radial cables includes: JXS1, JXS4, JXS7, JXS10, JXS13, JXS16, JXS21, JXS24, JXS27, JXS30, JXS33, JXS36, JXS37, JXS40, JXS43, ​​JXS46, JXS49, JXS52, JXS57, JXS60, JXS63, JXS66, JXS69, and JXS72; The second batch of radial cables includes: JXS2, JXS5, JXS8, JXS11, JXS14, JXS17, JXS20, JXS23, JXS26, JXS29, JXS32, JXS35, JXS38, JXS41, JXS44, JXS47, JXS50, JXS53, JXS56, JXS59, JXS62, JXS65, JXS68, and JXS71; The third batch of radial cables includes: JXS3, JXS6, JXS9, JXS12, JXS15, JXS18, JXS19, JXS22, JXS25, JXS28, JXS31, JXS34, JXS39, JXS42, JXS45, JXS48, JXS51, JXS54, JXS55, JXS58, JXS61, JXS64, JXS67, and JXS70; Among them, radial cables numbered JXS1-JXS18 are all located in the second quadrant region of the XY coordinate system of the structure; radial cables numbered JXS19-JXS36 are all located in the third quadrant region of the XY coordinate system of the structure; radial cables numbered JXS37-JXS54 are all located in the fourth quadrant region of the XY coordinate system of the structure; and radial cables numbered JXS55-JXS72 are all located in the first quadrant region of the XY coordinate system of the structure.

3. The construction method for a large-opening spoke-type tensioned cable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first batch of flying columns and the first batch of stay cables located in the critical stress zone of the structure are installed in the third tensioning stage. The timing of their installation is determined based on the following conditions: the radial cables have established 80% of the design cable force, the overall stiffness of the structure has reached more than 75% of the design value, and it can withstand the load brought by the installation of stay cables with controllable deformation.

4. The construction method for a large-opening spoke-type tensioned cable structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, All 72 fly poles were divided into 9 batches and installed sequentially between the circumferential cable and the inner pressure ring, with each batch containing 8 fly poles; The installation positions of the first batch of flying columns correspond one-to-one with the radial cables numbered JXS12, JXS13, JXS24, JXS25, JXS48, JXS49, JXS60 and JXS61 respectively. The installation positions of the second batch of flying columns correspond one-to-one with the radial cables numbered JXS11, JXS14, JXS23, JXS26, JXS47, JXS50, JXS59 and JXS62, respectively. The installation positions of the third batch of flying columns correspond one-to-one with the radial cables numbered JXS10, JXS15, JXS22, JXS27, JXS46, JXS51, JXS58 and JXS63 respectively. The installation positions of the fourth batch of flying columns correspond one-to-one with the radial cables numbered JXS9, JXS16, JXS21, JXS28, JXS45, JXS52, JXS57 and JXS64 respectively. The installation positions of the fifth batch of flying columns correspond one-to-one with the radial cables numbered JXS8, JXS17, JXS20, JXS29, JXS44, JXS53, JXS56 and JXS65 respectively. The installation positions of the sixth batch of flying columns correspond one-to-one with the radial cables numbered JXS7, JXS18, JXS19, JXS30, JXS43, ​​JXS54, JXS55 and JXS66 respectively. The installation positions of the 7th batch of flying columns correspond one-to-one with the radial cables numbered JXS5, JXS6, JXS31, JXS32, JXS41, JXS42, JXS67 and JXS68 respectively. The installation positions of the 8th batch of flying columns correspond one-to-one with the radial cables numbered JXS3, JXS4, JXS33, JXS34, JXS39, JXS40, JXS69 and JXS70 respectively. The installation positions of the 9th batch of flying columns correspond one-to-one with the radial cables numbered JXS1, JXS2, JXS35, JXS36, JXS37, JXS38, JXS71 and JXS72.

5. The construction method for a large-opening spoke-type tensioned cable structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, All 144 stay cables were divided into 10 batches, and two stay cables were installed in a cross arrangement between two adjacent fly poles. The first batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS12 and JXS13, JXS24 and JXS25, JXS48 and JXS49, and JXS60 and JXS61, respectively. The second batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS2 and JXS3, JXS3 and JXS4, JXS33 and JXS34, JXS34 and JXS35, JXS38 and JXS39, JXS39 and JXS40, JXS69 and JXS70, and JXS70 and JXS71, respectively. The third batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS4 and JXS5, JXS5 and JXS6, JXS31 and JXS32, JXS32 and JXS33, JXS40 and JXS41, JXS41 and JXS42, JXS67 and JXS68, and JXS68 and JXS69, respectively. The fourth batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS6 and JXS7, JXS7 and JXS8, JXS29 and JXS30, JXS30 and JXS31, JXS42 and JXS43, ​​JXS43 and JXS44, JXS65 and JXS66, and JXS66 and JXS67, respectively. The fifth batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS8 and JXS9, JXS9 and JXS10, JXS27 and JXS28, JXS28 and JXS29, JXS44 and JXS45, JXS45 and JXS46, JXS63 and JXS64, and JXS64 and JXS65, respectively. The sixth batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS10 and JXS11, JXS11 and JXS12, JXS25 and JXS26, JXS26 and JXS27, JXS46 and JXS47, JXS47 and JXS48, JXS61 and JXS62, and JXS62 and JXS63, respectively. The seventh batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS13 and JXS14, JXS23 and JXS24, JXS49 and JXS50, and JXS59 and JXS60, respectively. The 8th batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS14 and JXS15, JXS15 and JXS16, JXS21 and JXS22, JXS22 and JXS23, JXS50 and JXS51, JXS51 and JXS52, JXS57 and JXS58, and JXS58 and JXS59, respectively. The 9th batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS16 and JXS17, JXS20 and JXS21, JXS52 and JXS53, and JXS56 and JXS57, respectively. The 10th batch of stay cables are located between the radial cables numbered JXS1 and JXS2, JXS17 and JXS18, JXS18 and JXS19, JXS19 and JXS20, JXS35 and JXS36, JXS36 and JXS37, JXS37 and JXS38, JXS53 and JXS54, JXS54 and JXS55, JXS55 and JXS56, JXS71 and JXS72, and JXS72 and JXS1, respectively.

6. The construction method for a large-opening spoke-type tensioned cable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The over-tensioning control process after tensioning the radial cables to 100% of the design cable force in the fourth tensioning stage includes: S2.4.1 After the radial cable force reaches 100% of the design value, hold the load for a predetermined time and monitor the cable force and structural deformation stability. S2.4.

2. Slowly increase the pressure at the first predetermined rate to raise the cable force to 105% of the design value, hold the load and monitor the cable force, structural deformation and nodal stress simultaneously; S2.4.3 After the load is held, the cable force is slowly reduced to 100% of the design value at a second predetermined rate, and then the anchor is locked. S2.4.

4. Perform at least one cable tension check after the over-tensioning is completed.

7. The construction method for a large-opening spoke-type tensioned cable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, At each tensioning stage of the radial cable, the principle of "cable force control as the main method and structural deformation control as the auxiliary method" is adopted, and the tension force is controlled by the matching and calibrated tensioning equipment.

8. The construction method for a large-opening spoke-type tensioned cable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before radial cable tensioning, a dedicated construction operation platform needs to be erected at the tensioning operation location.

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