Intelligent management system for low-voltage layout

Abstract

This invention discloses an intelligent management system for low-voltage wiring layout, belonging to the field of smart building and communication engineering management. It includes a hardware layer and a software layer. The hardware layer consists of a fractal microfluidic network pre-embedded in the building and distributed in the shape of a Hilbert curve, and a magnetically responsive liquid metal transmission medium filled therein. Magnetorheological logic gates are integrated at the nodes of the fractal microfluidic network. The software layer includes a sensing and monitoring unit and a logic management center. It solves the problems of insufficient flexibility and difficult maintenance of traditional low-voltage wiring, and has significant advantages such as high redundancy, no mechanical loss, and software-defined physical paths.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of smart building and communication engineering management, and specifically relates to an intelligent management system for low-voltage electrical layout. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of smart cities and building automation, the complexity of low-voltage systems (security, control, network, sensing, etc.) is increasing. Existing low-voltage cabling technologies mostly use physical copper cables or optical fibers as transmission media and embed them in concealed works within the building structure.

[0003] Traditional low-voltage wiring is fixed during the civil engineering phase. As the building's function changes (such as office area renovation and expansion, or space re-division), the existing wiring nodes often cannot meet the new requirements. Because the cables are encased in concrete or fireproof coatings, secondary wiring is not only costly, but the drilling and vibrations generated during construction may also cause irreversible damage to the structural safety of the building.

[0004] While existing technologies can use time domain reflectometers (TDRs) to detect cable breaks, they can only provide logical lengths and cannot provide precise physical coordinates within the complex three-dimensional space of a building. When faced with hidden damage such as microcracks caused by wall settlement, electromagnetic oxidation, or rodent bites, managers often resort to a "blind" repair approach of replacing the entire cable, resulting in low maintenance efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, currently, once the physical medium experiences a physical fracture, the system will be completely paralyzed, lacking the ability to automatically migrate physical paths and switch circuits like the human nervous system. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the above deficiencies, this invention provides an intelligent management system for low-voltage electrical layout, comprising the following units:

[0007] Physical layer pipeline unit: a fractal microfluidic pipeline network pre-embedded in the building structure. The pipeline network adopts a Hilbert curve distribution and is filled with a magnetically responsive liquid metal transport medium with controlled magnetic response characteristics.

[0008] Execution control unit: integrated at the node of the fractal microfluidic network, including a magnetofluidic logic gate array and a power pump group, used to control the logical on / off and physical flow direction of the transmission medium through magnetic field gradient;

[0009] Sensing and monitoring unit: integrated at the end interface and bifurcation node of the fractal microfluidic pipeline network, including NTC thermistor array, precision electrode array and high frequency sampling chip, used to collect pressure waveform, temperature and impedance parameters in the pipeline network in real time;

[0010] The logic management hub is communicatively connected to the execution control unit and the perception and monitoring unit. It is embedded with a BIM parsing engine, a topology mapping engine and a fault self-healing algorithm to realize the software definition and closed-loop control of the physical link.

[0011] Furthermore, the magnetically responsive liquid metal transport medium is composed of a gallium indium tin alloy base liquid and paramagnetic microparticles at a volume percentage of 0.8%–1.2%, which is liquid at room temperature and has a conductivity of not less than 3.46 × 10⁻⁶. 6 S / m, thermal conductivity 25 W / (m·K).

[0012] Furthermore, the fractal microfluidic network is laid out using a Hilbert curve structure, made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, with a wall thickness of 150μm-250μm and an inner wall roughness Ra≤0.1μm;

[0013] The inner diameter of the main path is 800μm±50μm, the inner diameter of the terminal branch path is 300μm±20μm, and the physical path redundancy between any two points is no less than 3.

[0014] Furthermore, the magnetofluidic logic gate has a structure without mechanical moving parts. It uses a spatial magnetic field gradient of 0.5T-1.2T generated by an external micro array coil to divert, converge, or cut off the magnetically responsive liquid metal transport medium.

[0015] Furthermore, the logic management center includes an interconnected perception and detection layer, a logic management layer, and an execution control layer;

[0016] Sensing and Detection Layer: Responsible for digitizing and uploading the raw signals collected by the sensing and monitoring units;

[0017] Logical management layer: Execution state feature extraction, topology weight evolution, path strategy scheduling, and instruction flow protocol mapping steps;

[0018] Execution control layer: responsible for translating the instructions issued by the logic management layer into the physical actions of the magnetofluidic logic gate array and the power pump unit.

[0019] Furthermore, when the logic management layer performs topology weight evolution, if the temperature data uploaded by the sensing and detection layer reaches a preset threshold of 55°C, it automatically increases the weight value corresponding to the preset initial path based on the pipe length and bend curvature in the graph theory model that transforms physical nodes through topology mapping, thereby driving the system to perform obstacle avoidance replanning.

[0020] Furthermore, the logical management center achieves the coupling of BIM static coordinates and physical dynamic coordinates through the following steps:

[0021] Extract 3D geometric data from the BIM model, establish a local spatial coordinate system, and complete node topology mapping;

[0022] The fluid time-domain reflection signal is acquired by the sensing and monitoring unit, and the dynamic spatial coordinates of the fluid front end are calculated in real time using the sound velocity compensation algorithm.

[0023] By comparing dynamic spatial coordinates with static BIM coordinates in real time, sub-millimeter-level calibration of physical link locations can be achieved.

[0024] Furthermore, the fault self-healing algorithm includes the following steps:

[0025] Circuit break location: High-frequency sampling chip is used to acquire pressure waveforms at 100kHz frequency, and the reflected echo is analyzed by fluid time domain reflection (F-TDR) algorithm to determine the physical coordinates of the pipeline damage point;

[0026] Link Reconfiguration: The logical management center blocks the logical edges corresponding to the fault points in the topology diagram, calls the path algorithm to generate a new path flow table that bypasses the redundant branches, and instructs the execution control unit to complete the physical link reconfiguration within 1 second.

[0027] Furthermore, it also includes a heat dissipation scheduling function. When the heat load monitoring data of a specific link exceeds the safe range, the logic management center controls the power pump group to drive the magnetically responsive liquid metal transmission medium into a circulation mode, utilizing the high thermal conductivity of the medium for active heat dissipation.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0029] 1. Extremely high routing redundancy and spatial coverage: By adopting a physical path redundancy design with no less than 3 Hilbert curves, the system can provide almost unlimited backup route options when facing local building damage or pipeline blockage, completely solving the pain point of traditional cabling where "one point of failure leads to the entire line being paralyzed".

[0030] 2. Flexible reconfiguration capability of "software-defined hardware": The system achieves deep decoupling between physical links and logical topology. Through the S1-S4 steps of the logical management center, users can dynamically generate, modify, or cancel physical low-voltage links within a building through software commands, just like configuring a computer network. The response speed of less than 1 second greatly shortens the adjustment cycle of low-voltage layout.

[0031] 3. Sub-millimeter level fault location and self-healing accuracy: Combining the fluid time domain reflection (F-TDR) algorithm and the BIM digital twin model, the system can cross the physical and digital boundaries and achieve sub-millimeter level accurate location of fault points through high-frequency pressure echo analysis and sound velocity compensation calculation. It can also automatically shield fault nodes and achieve automated self-healing without human intervention.

[0032] 4. High Reliability and Long Lifespan Design: The execution layer adopts a magnetofluidic logic gate (MFLG), with no moving mechanical parts in the entire system, effectively avoiding system failures caused by mechanical fatigue, wear, or jamming. Simultaneously, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene material and the inner wall process with Ra≤0.1μm greatly reduce fluid resistance, ensuring the stability of liquid metal transmission.

[0033] 5. Dual functionality of electrical and thermal conductivity: Magnetic responsive liquid metal media not only possess excellent electrical conductivity (σ≥3.46×10⁻⁶), but also... 6 The system also has extremely high thermal conductivity (≥25W / (m·K)). While providing low-voltage transmission, the system can remove heat from overloaded areas through active circulation mode, achieving synergistic optimization of building electrical safety and heat dissipation management. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example

[0036] This embodiment provides an intelligent management system for low-voltage electrical layout, including a hardware layer and a software layer, as detailed below:

[0037] The hardware layer (which can be called the physical layer network unit) includes:

[0038] 1) Fractal Microfluidic Layer: This refers to the piping installed within the building, specifically a fractal microfluidic network pre-embedded in the building structure (made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), with a wall thickness of 150μm-250μm; the inner diameter of the main path is fixed at 800μm±50μm, and the inner diameter of the terminal branch paths is 300μm±20μm). The fractal microfluidic network is distributed in a two-dimensional or three-dimensional shape using a Hilbert curve, and the physical path redundancy between any two points is no less than 3, ensuring maximum space-filling of the network within the building space, allowing for a maximum fill rate of any 5cm depth within the wall. 2 Pipelines pass through the entire area, providing virtually unlimited alternative routes. The overall pressure resistance of the pipeline network is no less than 2.5 MPa, and the inner wall roughness is... To reduce the resistance to liquid metal flow;

[0039] 2) Magnetofluid dielectric layer: Gallium indium tin alloy (Ga68.5In21.5Sn10) encapsulated in an inert gas protective environment is used as the conductive base fluid and filled in each fractal microfluidic network. By adding nanoscale superparamagnetic particles (volume percentage of 0.8%-1.2%, average particle size of 2μm-5μm) to the alloy, the originally non-magnetic conductive metal fluid is endowed with controlled magnetic response characteristics.

[0040] Additionally, regarding the electrophysical parameters, the following are provided:

[0041] Electrical conductivity: ;

[0042] Melting point -19℃ (to ensure fluid characteristics under extreme climate conditions);

[0043] thermal conductivity 25W / (m·K) (for auxiliary heat dissipation);

[0044] 3) Execution control unit (i.e. microfluidic execution array): A magnetofluidic logic gate (MFLG) is integrated at each cross / T-shaped point of the fractal microfluidic network. This gate has no mechanical moving parts and can achieve the diversion, convergence and cut-off of conductive metal fluids only by the 0.5T-1.2T spatial magnetic field gradient generated by the external micro array coil (500-800 turns).

[0045] The software layer includes a sensing and monitoring unit and a logic management center:

[0046] The sensing and monitoring unit is integrated at the end interface and key bifurcation nodes of the fractal microfluidic pipeline network. It consists of an NTC thermistor array and a precision electrode array. An integrated high-frequency sampling chip (100kHz) is used to acquire pressure waveforms within the pipeline in real time. Through a fluid time-domain reflectometry (F-TDR) algorithm, the reflected echoes generated by the pressure waves at irregular interfaces (such as fracture points and gas-liquid interfaces) are preliminarily analyzed to achieve precise monitoring of the link's continuity and physical location (i.e., continuity and location). Simultaneously, an integrated impedance analysis module performs closed-loop verification of the conductivity and resistivity of the constructed physical link to ensure that the generated conductive path meets the electrical standards for low-voltage transmission. The NTC array acquires real-time temperature rise data at each node of the pipeline network to identify potential overload risk points (i.e., heat load monitoring).

[0047] The logic management center includes a perception and detection layer, a logic management layer, and an execution control layer, as detailed below:

[0048] The sensing and detection layer is used to receive data from the sensing and monitoring unit, and is responsible for discretizing and digitizing physical quantities (pressure waveform, temperature, impedance), and uploading them to the logic management layer as the sole data basis for the logic management layer.

[0049] The logic management layer performs the following logical steps:

[0050] S1. State Feature Extraction: Receive the raw signals (pressure, temperature, impedance values) from the sensing and detection layer, map them to the physical node IDs in the BIM model (digital twin model), and establish a real-time "physical-digital" state table.

[0051] S2. Topological Weight Evolution: Dynamically update the edge weights in the graph theory model based on the extracted state features. For example, the collected logic of "55℃ temperature rise" is transformed into "an exponential increase in path weight W", thereby achieving "obstacle avoidance" at the mathematical level.

[0052] S3, Path Strategy Scheduling: Calls the path algorithm to calculate the optimal logical link and performs global resource allocation (such as conflict detection and parallel capacity increase determination).

[0053] S4, Instruction Stream Protocol Mapping: Transforms the logical path into a hardware-recognizable "spatiotemporal control sequence", that is, generates a specific magnetic field activation schedule and a power pump pulse frequency table, and sends them down to the execution control layer.

[0054] The execution control layer is responsible for translating the instructions issued by the logic management layer into actual physical field actions (controlling the pump group controller and the magnetofluidic gate coil driver).

[0055] It should be noted that obtaining BIM coordinates is achieved through the following steps:

[0056] 1) Spatial discretization extraction: Extract the three-dimensional geometric vertex data of the microfluidic network from the BIM model and establish a local spatial coordinate system with reference to the building's physical structure;

[0057] 2) Topology mapping: The above three-dimensional coordinate points are transformed into logical nodes in the graph theory model, and the geometric parameters such as the physical length of the pipes and the curvature of the bends between the nodes are transformed into the initial weights of the link impedance.

[0058] 3) Dynamic coordinate calibration: The logic management center receives the fluid time domain reflection (F-TDR) signal fed back by the sensing and monitoring unit, uses the sound speed compensation algorithm to calculate the dynamic spatial coordinates of the fluid front end in real time, and compares and calibrates them with the static BIM coordinates in real time to achieve sub-millimeter level precise locking of the physical link position.

[0059] The overall closed-loop operation process is as follows:

[0060] P1. Link Construction Phase (Initialization and Physical Mapping)

[0061] P101. Static Modeling and Weight Initialization: The logical management layer first performs spatial discretization extraction to obtain the three-dimensional vertex data of the fractal microfluidic network from the BIM model. Then, the physical nodes are transformed into graph theory models through topological mapping, and the initial path weight values ​​are preset according to the pipe length and bend curvature.

[0062] P102, Optimal Path Scheduling: Based on business needs, the logic management center calls the path algorithm to calculate the optimal logical link with the lowest total weight among the redundant paths distributed by the Hilbert curve, which is step S3 above.

[0063] P103, Instruction Flow Generation and Driving: The logic management layer converts the path into a "spatiotemporal control sequence" and sends it to the execution control layer. The execution layer drives the pump group and the magnetofluidic logic gate (MFLG), using a spatial magnetic field gradient of 0.5T-1.2T to guide the magnetofluid medium layer (gallium indium tin alloy) to flow along a predetermined path, i.e., step S4 above;

[0064] P104, Closed-loop verification: The sensing and monitoring unit performs impedance analysis through the electrode array. If the conductivity and resistivity meet the low-voltage transmission standard, the link is considered successfully established; if not, the logic layer will have the instruction execution layer perform a secondary calibration by increasing the pumping pressure or fine-tuning the magnetic field strength.

[0065] P2, Health Inspection Phase (Real-time Monitoring and Obstacle Avoidance)

[0066] P201, Multi-dimensional Status Acquisition: The sensing and monitoring unit uses an NTC thermistor array and a high-frequency sampling chip (100kHz) to acquire temperature rise data and pressure waveforms in the pipeline network in real time.

[0067] P202, State Mapping and Evaluation: The perception and detection layer uploads the digitized data, the logic management layer extracts state features and performs topological weight evolution, i.e., the above S1-S2 steps.

[0068] P203, Dynamic obstacle avoidance decision: If the NTC feedback temperature rise of a certain node is close to or reaches "55℃" (the safe range is 52℃-56℃), the logic management layer determines that there is a risk of heat load overload in this area and immediately increases the weight W of the path in this section exponentially.

[0069] P204. Resource Rescheduling: The system triggers path policy scheduling, automatically finds backup redundant routes (redundancy of not less than 3 routes), and issues command streams to make the liquid metal bypass the high-temperature zone to achieve preventive protection.

[0070] P3, Fault Self-Healing Phase (Precise Location and Reconstruction)

[0071] P301, Disconnection Detection: When physical damage occurs to the pipeline (such as pipeline breakage caused by changes in building structure), the detection and monitoring unit uses the fluid time domain reflection (F-TDR) algorithm to analyze the reflected echo of pressure waves at irregular interfaces.

[0072] P302, Dynamic Coordinate Calibration: The logic management center receives F-TDR signals, uses the sound velocity compensation algorithm to calculate the dynamic spatial coordinates of the fluid front end, and compares them with the static BIM coordinates to achieve sub-millimeter-level accurate positioning of fault points.

[0073] P303, Logical Graph Correction: In the graph theory model, the logical management layer sets the weight of the faulty node to infinity (permanently masks it) and re-schedules the path strategy.

[0074] P304, Physical Layer Reconstruction: The execution control layer, based on the newly generated instruction sequence, drives the magnetohydrodynamic medium to redistribute in the 150μm-250μm wall thickness UHMWPE pipe network, quickly avoiding the fracture point and restoring the system's weak electrical connection.

[0075] P401. Continuous Heat Load Monitoring: During normal system operation, the health check in Phase P2 remains active. The NTC thermistor array of the sensing and monitoring unit continuously collects and uploads temperature data from each node in the pipeline network.

[0076] P402, Cyclic heat dissipation strategy trigger: When the logic management layer detects through step P202 that the temperature of any link or node continuously exceeds the preset safety threshold (e.g., reaching or exceeding 55°C), and after path rescheduling through step P204, the new path still faces thermal load pressure, the system will trigger an active heat dissipation strategy.

[0077] P403, Loop Path Planning: The logic management layer will activate the heat dissipation scheduling algorithm. This algorithm will use hot spots as the heat source center and automatically plan one or more closed loop paths within the vast Hilbert curve network topology. This path will deliberately detour to areas of the building structure far from the heat source and with lower temperatures (such as load-bearing walls and deep within the floor slab), utilizing these areas as natural "heat dissipation fins".

[0078] P404, Cyclic Mode Execution: The logic management layer generates a "spatiotemporal control sequence" to drive the cyclic mode and sends it to the execution control layer. The execution control layer precisely regulates the power pump units on the path to generate a continuous and stable driving pressure difference, and controls the corresponding magnetofluidic logic gate array to remain open, driving the magnetically responsive liquid metal medium to circumferentially circulate within this planned closed path.

[0079] P405. Heat Transfer and Dissipation: The circulating liquid metal medium, with its high thermal conductivity of ≥25W / (m·K), efficiently carries away the heat accumulated in the heat source area and transfers it along the circulation path to a wider area of ​​the building structure where the temperature is lower, thereby achieving active and continuous cooling of key nodes and ensuring the stable operation of the system.

[0080] It should be noted that the structure described in this invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described. Any equivalent transformations made by those skilled in the art based on the content of this specification, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, such as the loading and unloading of other items, are included within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent management system for low-voltage electrical layout, characterized in that, Includes the following units: Physical layer pipeline unit: a fractal microfluidic pipeline network pre-embedded in the building structure. The fractal microfluidic pipeline network adopts a Hilbert curve distribution and is filled with a magnetically responsive liquid metal transport medium with controlled magnetic response characteristics. Execution control unit: integrated at the node of the fractal microfluidic network, including a magnetofluidic logic gate array and a power pump group, used to control the logical on / off and physical flow direction of the transmission medium through magnetic field gradient; Sensing and monitoring unit: integrated at the end interface and bifurcation node of the fractal microfluidic pipeline network, including NTC thermistor array, precision electrode array and high frequency sampling chip, used to collect pressure waveform, temperature and impedance parameters in the pipeline network in real time; The logic management hub is communicatively connected to the execution control unit and the perception and monitoring unit. It is embedded with a BIM parsing engine, a topology mapping engine and a fault self-healing algorithm to realize the software definition and closed-loop control of the physical link.

2. The intelligent management system for low-voltage electrical layout as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetically responsive liquid metal transport medium is composed of a gallium indium tin alloy base liquid and 0.8%–1.2% by volume of paramagnetic microparticles. It is liquid at room temperature and has a conductivity of not less than 3.46 × 10⁻⁶. 6 S / m, thermal conductivity 25 W / (m·K).

3. The intelligent management system for low-voltage electrical layout as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The fractal microfluidic network is laid out using a Hilbert curve structure, made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, with a wall thickness of 150μm-250μm and an inner wall roughness Ra≤0.1μm; The inner diameter of the main path is 800μm±50μm, the inner diameter of the terminal branch path is 300μm±20μm, and the physical path redundancy between any two points is no less than 3.

4. The intelligent management system for low-voltage electrical layout as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetofluidic logic gate has a structure without mechanical moving parts. It uses a spatial magnetic field gradient of 0.5T-1.2T generated by an external micro array coil to divert, converge, or cut off the magnetically responsive liquid metal transmission medium.

5. The intelligent management system for low-voltage electrical layout as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The logic management center includes an interconnected perception and detection layer, a logic management layer, and an execution control layer. Sensing and Detection Layer: Responsible for digitizing and uploading the raw signals collected by the sensing and monitoring units; Logical management layer: Execution state feature extraction, topology weight evolution, path strategy scheduling, and instruction flow protocol mapping steps; Execution control layer: responsible for translating the instructions issued by the logic management layer into the physical actions of the magnetofluidic logic gate array and the power pump unit.

6. The intelligent management system for low-voltage electrical layout as described in claim 5, characterized in that: When the logic management layer performs topology weight evolution, if the temperature data uploaded by the sensing and detection layer reaches a preset threshold of 55°C, it will automatically increase the weight value corresponding to the preset initial path based on the pipe length and bend curvature in the graph theory model that transforms physical nodes through topology mapping, and drive the system to perform obstacle avoidance replanning.

7. The intelligent management system for low-voltage electrical layout as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The logical management center achieves the coupling of BIM static coordinates and physical dynamic coordinates through the following steps: Extract 3D geometric data from the BIM model, establish a local spatial coordinate system, and complete node topology mapping; The fluid time-domain reflection signal is acquired by the sensing and monitoring unit, and the dynamic spatial coordinates of the fluid front end are calculated in real time using the sound velocity compensation algorithm. By comparing dynamic spatial coordinates with static BIM coordinates in real time, sub-millimeter-level calibration of physical link locations can be achieved.

8. The intelligent management system for low-voltage electrical layout as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The fault self-healing algorithm includes the following steps: Circuit break location: High-frequency sampling chip is used to acquire pressure waveforms at 100kHz frequency, and the reflected echo is analyzed by fluid time domain reflection (F-TDR) algorithm to determine the physical coordinates of the pipeline damage point; Link Reconfiguration: The logical management center blocks the logical edges corresponding to the fault points in the topology diagram, calls the path algorithm to generate a new path flow table that bypasses the redundant branches, and instructs the execution control unit to complete the physical link reconfiguration within 1-2 seconds.

9. The intelligent management system for low-voltage electrical layout as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a heat dissipation scheduling function. When the heat load monitoring data of a specific link exceeds the safe range, the logic management center controls the power pump group to drive the magnetic response liquid metal transmission medium into a circulation mode, and uses the high thermal conductivity of the medium for active heat dissipation.