Spiral pipe heat exchanger performance test method and system based on sensor data

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a spiral pipe heat exchanger performance test method and system based on sensor data, relates to the technical field of heat exchanger performance test, and comprises the following steps: when the spiral pipe heat exchanger is in a normal running state, a disturbance signal that does not affect a production process is applied to a thermal fluid control parameter of the spiral pipe heat exchanger; temperature, pressure and flow data of fluid at an inlet and an outlet of the spiral pipe heat exchanger are synchronously collected; correlation analysis is performed on the disturbance signal and the temperature, pressure and flow data of the fluid, so that characteristic parameters of internal heat transfer and fluid flow instantaneous efficiency of the spiral pipe heat exchanger are obtained; according to the characteristic parameters and a preset thermodynamic model, contribution proportions of dirt in a thermal fluid channel and a cold fluid channel of the spiral pipe heat exchanger to heat exchange performance reduction are obtained; and according to the contribution proportions, an operation adjustment suggestion of the spiral pipe heat exchanger is generated. The application can prolong the service life of equipment and improve production efficiency and safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of heat exchanger performance testing technology, and more specifically, to a method and system for testing the performance of a spiral tube heat exchanger based on sensor data. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial production, spiral tube heat exchangers are key equipment for achieving efficient heat exchange between fluids at different temperatures, and their performance directly affects the energy efficiency and stability of the entire system. However, traditional performance testing methods often struggle to address the complex internal changes that occur during long-term operation, especially when fouling accumulates inside the heat exchanger, making accurate performance assessment and effective control measures particularly difficult. In spiral tube heat exchangers handling viscous organic feedstocks and high-temperature heat transfer oils, when different types of fouling (organic coking and inorganic scale) accumulate simultaneously in the hot fluid channel (feedstock side) and the cold fluid channel (heat transfer oil cooling circuit side), and measurements can only be taken using external sensors, existing technologies struggle to accurately and in real-time separate the contributions of each type of fouling to the overall heat exchange performance degradation. For example, when the system detects that the feedstock outlet temperature is lower than the set value, its built-in control logic attempts to compensate for the lost heat by increasing the inlet temperature of the heat transfer oil. However, if the main cause of performance degradation is scaling in the heat transfer oil cooling circuit, then this operation is ineffective and harmful, because even if the temperature of the heat transfer oil is increased, heat cannot be effectively transferred from the heat transfer oil to the feedstock. Conversely, if the main cause of performance degradation is indeed coking on the feedstock side, increasing the heat transfer oil temperature may raise the outlet temperature in the short term, but the higher wall temperature will drastically accelerate the coking rate of organic matter, creating a vicious cycle that ultimately leads to pipeline blockage and unplanned shutdowns. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes a method and system for testing the performance of a spiral tube heat exchanger based on sensor data, aiming to extend the service life of the equipment and improve production efficiency and safety.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a performance testing method for a spiral tube heat exchanger based on sensor data, applied to a spiral tube heat exchanger, comprising: When the spiral tube heat exchanger is in normal operation, a disturbance signal that does not affect the production process is applied to the heat fluid control parameters of the spiral tube heat exchanger. The temperature, pressure, and flow rate data of the fluid at the inlet and outlet of the spiral tube heat exchanger are collected simultaneously. By performing correlation analysis between the disturbance signal and the temperature, pressure, and flow rate data of the fluid, characteristic parameters of the heat transfer and instantaneous efficiency of the fluid flow inside the spiral tube heat exchanger are obtained. Based on the aforementioned characteristic parameters and the preset thermodynamic model, the contribution ratio of fouling in the hot fluid channel and cold fluid channel of the spiral tube heat exchanger to the decrease in heat exchange performance is obtained. Based on the stated contribution ratio, operational adjustment recommendations for the spiral tube heat exchanger are generated.

[0005] According to some embodiments of this application, the synchronous acquisition of temperature, pressure, and flow rate data of the fluid at the inlet and outlet of the spiral tube heat exchanger includes: The temperature, pressure difference, and flow rate of the fluid at the inlet and outlet of the hot fluid channel of the spiral tube heat exchanger are collected simultaneously. The temperature, pressure difference, and flow rate of the fluid at the inlet and outlet of the cold fluid channel of the spiral tube heat exchanger are collected simultaneously.

[0006] According to some embodiments of this application, the step of obtaining the contribution ratio of fouling in the hot fluid channel and cold fluid channel of the spiral tube heat exchanger to the decrease in heat exchange performance based on the characteristic parameters and a preset thermodynamic model includes: Based on the aforementioned characteristic parameters and the preset thermodynamic model, estimate the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the hot fluid channel and the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the cold fluid channel. Based on the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the hot fluid channel and the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the cold fluid channel, the contribution ratio of fouling to the decrease in heat exchange performance of the hot fluid channel and the cold fluid channel of the spiral tube heat exchanger can be obtained.

[0007] According to some embodiments of this application, the step of determining the contribution ratio of fouling in the hot fluid channel and the cold fluid channel of the spiral tube heat exchanger to the decrease in heat exchange performance based on the increase in fouling thermal resistance in the hot fluid channel and the increase in fouling thermal resistance in the cold fluid channel includes: The increase in total heat transfer resistance is obtained based on the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the hot fluid channel and the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the cold fluid channel. Based on the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the hot fluid channel, the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the cold fluid channel, and the increase in the current total heat transfer resistance, the contribution ratio of fouling to the decrease in heat transfer performance of the hot fluid channel and the cold fluid channel of the spiral tube heat exchanger can be obtained. The contribution ratio of fouling in the hot fluid channel of the spiral heat exchanger to the decrease in heat transfer performance is obtained based on the increase in fouling thermal resistance in the hot fluid channel and the increase in the current total heat transfer resistance. The contribution ratio of fouling in the cold fluid channel of the spiral heat exchanger to the decrease in heat transfer performance is obtained based on the increase in fouling thermal resistance in the cold fluid channel and the increase in the current total heat transfer resistance.

[0008] According to some embodiments of this application, estimating the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the hot fluid channel and the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the cold fluid channel based on the characteristic parameters and a preset thermodynamic model includes: Obtain the total heat transfer resistance of the hot fluid channel and cold fluid channel of the spiral tube heat exchanger under clean conditions; Based on the characteristic parameters, the preset thermodynamic model, and the total heat transfer resistance, calculate the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the hot fluid channel and the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the cold fluid channel.

[0009] According to some embodiments of this application, the preset thermodynamic model is obtained based on the following processing methods, including: Obtain historical fouling thermal resistance data and corresponding thermodynamic parameters for the hot fluid channel and cold fluid channel; An initial thermodynamic model is constructed based on the historical fouling thermal resistance data, corresponding thermodynamic operating parameters, and numerical iterative algorithm. The initial thermodynamic model is then subjected to error verification and correction until the calculation error of the initial thermodynamic model is less than a preset threshold, thus obtaining the preset thermodynamic model.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this application, generating operational adjustment recommendations for the spiral tube heat exchanger based on the contribution ratio includes: Based on the stated contribution ratio, determine the main causes of performance degradation; Based on the main reasons for the performance degradation, operational adjustment recommendations for the spiral tube heat exchanger are generated.

[0011] According to some embodiments of this application, determining the main causes of performance degradation based on the contribution ratio includes: When the contribution ratio, which represents the contribution ratio of the hot fluid channel to the decrease in heat transfer performance, is greater than a preset ratio, it is determined that the main reason for the performance decrease is the effect of organic coking. When the contribution ratio, which represents the contribution of the cold fluid channel to the decrease in heat exchange performance, is greater than a preset ratio, it is determined that the main reason for the performance decrease is the influence of inorganic scale.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this application, generating operational adjustment recommendations for the spiral tube heat exchanger based on the main causes of the performance degradation includes: When the main cause of the performance degradation is the coking of organic matter, a suggestion is made to adjust the feed flow rate of the spiral tube heat exchanger, and a plan is arranged to prioritize the cleaning of the spiral tube heat exchanger. When the main cause of the performance degradation is the influence of inorganic scale, suggestions are made to adjust the feed flow rate of the spiral tube heat exchanger, and the circulating cooling water system of the spiral tube heat exchanger is checked.

[0013] Secondly, this application also discloses a performance testing system for a spiral tube heat exchanger based on sensor data, applied to a spiral tube heat exchanger, comprising: The disturbance signal application module is used to apply a disturbance signal that does not affect the production process to the heat fluid control parameters of the spiral tube heat exchanger when the spiral tube heat exchanger is in normal operation. The data acquisition module is used to synchronously acquire the temperature, pressure, and flow rate data of the fluid at the inlet and outlet of the spiral tube heat exchanger; The correlation analysis module is used to perform correlation analysis between the disturbance signal and the temperature, pressure and flow rate data of the fluid to obtain characteristic parameters of the heat transfer and instantaneous efficiency of the fluid flow inside the spiral tube heat exchanger. The contribution ratio calculation module is used to obtain the contribution ratio of fouling in the hot fluid channel and cold fluid channel of the spiral tube heat exchanger to the decrease in heat exchange performance based on the characteristic parameters and the preset thermodynamic model. A suggestion generation module is used to generate operational adjustment suggestions for the spiral tube heat exchanger based on the contribution ratio.

[0014] The technical solution according to the embodiments of this application has at least the following beneficial effects: The performance testing method for spiral tube heat exchangers based on sensor data disclosed in this application, by applying a disturbance signal that does not affect production during the normal operation of the heat exchanger and simultaneously collecting temperature, pressure, and flow data of the inlet and outlet fluids, can perform correlation analysis on the disturbance signal and the collected data, thereby obtaining characteristic parameters of the instantaneous efficiency of heat transfer and fluid flow inside the heat exchanger. Based on these characteristic parameters and a preset thermodynamic model, this application can accurately estimate the contribution ratio of fouling in the hot fluid channel and the cold fluid channel to the decrease in heat exchange performance. Finally, based on these contribution ratios, the system can generate targeted operation adjustment suggestions. When faced with multiple foulings (such as organic coking and inorganic scale) simultaneously inside a spiral tube heat exchanger, the prior art has difficulty in separating and identifying the respective contributions of different foulings to the overall decrease in heat exchange performance in real time and accurately. This may lead to the control system taking ineffective or even harmful compensatory operations, such as increasing the temperature of the heat transfer oil when scale forms in the cold fluid channel, which may actually accelerate coking in the hot fluid channel. This application, by introducing micro-perturbation signals and correlation analysis techniques, can penetrate complex coupling effects and accurately quantify the impact of fouling in different channels, thereby avoiding energy waste and equipment damage caused by ambiguous diagnosis. By providing clear fouling contribution ratios and operational adjustment recommendations, this application can guide operators to take the most effective measures, such as adjusting feedstock flow rates, prioritizing cleaning or inspecting the cooling water system, thereby achieving refined management of heat exchanger performance, extending equipment lifespan, and improving production efficiency and safety.

[0015] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solutions of this application and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of this application to explain the technical solutions of this application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of this application.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart illustrating a performance testing method for a spiral tube heat exchanger based on sensor data, provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a performance testing system for a spiral tube heat exchanger based on sensor data, provided in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical methods, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0019] It should be noted that the meaning of "multiple" (or "more than") in the description of the embodiments of this application refers to two or more, and "greater than," "less than," "exceeding," etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, while "above," "below," "within," etc. are understood to include the number itself. If "first," "second," etc. are used in the description, they are only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or the order of the technical features indicated.

[0020] In this application embodiment, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "more than one" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the existence of A alone, the simultaneous existence of A and B, or the existence of B alone. A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" and similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of singular or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, and c can represent: the existence of a alone, the existence of b alone, the existence of c alone, the simultaneous existence of a and b, the simultaneous existence of a and c, the simultaneous existence of b and c, or the simultaneous existence of a, b, and c, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0021] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly defined, terms such as "setup," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this application in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0022] Based on the above, this application proposes a performance testing method and system for spiral tube heat exchangers based on sensor data, aiming to extend the service life of the equipment and improve production efficiency and safety.

[0023] The performance testing method for spiral tube heat exchangers based on sensor data provided in this application can be applied to a terminal, a server, or software running on either a terminal or a server. In some embodiments, the terminal can be a smartphone, tablet, laptop, desktop computer, etc.; the server can be configured as an independent physical server, a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server providing basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communication, middleware services, domain name services, security services, content delivery networks (CDN), and big data and artificial intelligence platforms; the software can be an application that implements the performance testing method for spiral tube heat exchangers based on sensor data, etc., but is not limited to the above forms.

[0024] This application can be applied to numerous general-purpose or special-purpose computer system environments or configurations. Examples include: personal computers, server computers, handheld or portable devices, tablet devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set-top boxes, programmable consumer electronics devices, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and distributed computing environments including any of the above systems or devices. This application can be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions executed by a computer, such as program modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc., that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. This application can also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected via communication networks. In distributed computing environments, program modules can reside in local and remote computer storage media, including storage devices. It should be noted that in various specific embodiments of this invention, when processing is required based on data related to the characteristics of an object (e.g., user attributes or sets of attribute information), permission or consent from the corresponding object is obtained first, and the collection, use, and processing of this data comply with relevant laws and standards. Furthermore, when the embodiments of the present invention need to obtain the attribute information of an object, they will obtain the separate permission or separate consent of the corresponding object through pop-up windows or redirection to a confirmation page. After obtaining the separate permission or separate consent of the corresponding object, they will then obtain the relevant data of the object necessary for the embodiments of the present invention to operate normally.

[0025] See Figure 1 , Figure 1This is a flowchart illustrating a method for testing the performance of a spiral tube heat exchanger based on sensor data, according to one embodiment of this application. The method includes, but is not limited to, steps S110 to S150, which will be described in detail below.

[0026] Step S110: When the spiral tube heat exchanger is in normal operation, apply a disturbance signal that does not affect the production process to the heat fluid control parameters of the spiral tube heat exchanger. Step S120: Synchronously collect temperature, pressure, and flow rate data of the fluid at the inlet and outlet of the spiral tube heat exchanger; Step S130: Perform correlation analysis between the disturbance signal and the temperature, pressure and flow rate data of the fluid to obtain the characteristic parameters of the heat transfer and instantaneous efficiency of the fluid flow inside the spiral tube heat exchanger. Step S140: Based on the characteristic parameters and the preset thermodynamic model, obtain the contribution ratio of fouling in the hot fluid channel and cold fluid channel of the spiral tube heat exchanger to the decrease in heat exchange performance. Step S150: Based on the contribution ratio, generate operation adjustment suggestions for the spiral tube heat exchanger.

[0027] It should be noted that, firstly, when the spiral tube heat exchanger is in normal operation, a disturbance signal that does not affect the production process is applied to the heat fluid control parameters of the spiral tube heat exchanger. The disturbance signal can be a small-amplitude step signal, such as momentarily raising or lowering the heat fluid inlet temperature by a small value and then maintaining it for a period of time; it can also be a periodic sinusoidal signal, such as causing small-amplitude periodic fluctuations in the heat fluid flow rate. The purpose of applying the disturbance signal is to stimulate the dynamic response inside the heat exchanger without interfering with normal production, so that its internal characteristics can be captured through subsequent data analysis. Secondly, the temperature, pressure, and flow rate data of the fluid at the inlet and outlet of the spiral tube heat exchanger are simultaneously collected. This data can be acquired in real time through sensors installed at the inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger. Thermocouples or platinum resistance temperature sensors can be used to measure fluid temperature; differential pressure transmitters can be used to measure the inlet and outlet pressure difference, thereby estimating the pressure; vortex flow meters or electromagnetic flow meters can be used to measure fluid flow rate. Synchronous acquisition ensures the consistency of all data over time. Then, correlation analysis is performed on the disturbance signal and the fluid's temperature, pressure, and flow rate data to obtain characteristic parameters of the heat transfer and instantaneous fluid flow efficiency within the spiral tube heat exchanger. Correlation analysis can employ various methods. For example, the cross-correlation function method can be used to calculate the cross-correlation coefficients between the disturbance signal and each response signal, thereby identifying their dynamic relationships and time delays. Frequency domain analysis methods can also be used, performing Fourier transforms on the disturbance and response signals to analyze their amplitude and phase relationships at different frequencies, thus obtaining the system's frequency response characteristics. Through these analyses, characteristic parameters reflecting the heat transfer efficiency (such as the instantaneous heat transfer coefficient) and fluid flow efficiency (such as the instantaneous pressure drop coefficient) within the heat exchanger can be extracted. Then, based on the characteristic parameters and the preset thermodynamic model, the contribution ratio of fouling in the hot fluid channel and cold fluid channel of the spiral tube heat exchanger to the decrease in heat exchange performance is obtained. The preset thermodynamic model can be a mathematical model based on the principles of heat transfer and fluid mechanics, which can describe the heat transfer and flow behavior of the heat exchanger under different operating conditions. This model can include the relationship between heat transfer coefficient, pressure drop, and fouling thermal resistance. By inputting the characteristic parameters acquired in real time into the preset thermodynamic model, the current fouling thermal resistance inside the heat exchanger can be calculated inversely. Since the model can distinguish the heat transfer characteristics of the hot fluid channel and the cold fluid channel, the increase in fouling thermal resistance of each channel can be further estimated, and then their contribution ratio to the decrease in overall heat exchange performance can be calculated. Finally, based on the contribution ratio, operational adjustment suggestions for the spiral tube heat exchanger are generated. For example, if the analysis results show that the fouling contribution ratio of the hot fluid channel is high, it may mean that there is a coking or blockage problem in the channel. In this case, it can be suggested to adjust the hot fluid flow rate, temperature, or pressure, and arrange for cleaning of the hot fluid channel.If the proportion of fouling in the cold fluid passage is high, it may mean that there is a scale problem in the passage. In this case, it is recommended to check the cooling water quality, adjust the cooling water flow, or perform chemical cleaning.

[0028] The sensor-data-based performance testing method for spiral tube heat exchangers proposed in this application accurately characterizes the instantaneous efficiency of heat transfer and fluid flow within the heat exchanger by introducing disturbance signals that do not affect the production process and simultaneously acquiring multi-dimensional fluid data. Traditional methods often struggle to distinguish the contribution of fouling in different channels to the overall performance degradation, leading to ambiguous diagnosis and ineffective compensatory control. For example, when heat exchanger performance degrades, a traditional control system might simply compensate by increasing the inlet temperature of the hot fluid, but this could exacerbate fouling accumulation in specific channels, creating a vicious cycle.

[0029] It is worth noting that this application, through correlation analysis of disturbance signals and response data, can extract parameters reflecting the internal dynamic characteristics of the heat exchanger. These parameters contain sensitive information about the impact of fouling on heat transfer and flow. Furthermore, combined with a pre-defined thermodynamic model, this application can quantify the contribution ratio of fouling in both the hot and cold fluid channels to the decline in heat transfer performance. This refined diagnostic capability is not available in existing technologies. For example, using the method of this application, it is possible to clearly identify whether the performance degradation is caused by organic coking on the hot fluid side or by inorganic scale on the cold fluid side.

[0030] Specifically, the aforementioned simultaneous acquisition of temperature, pressure, and flow rate data of the fluid at the inlet and outlet of the spiral tube heat exchanger can be further refined into the following steps. The aforementioned simultaneous acquisition of temperature, pressure, and flow rate data of the fluid at the inlet and outlet of the spiral tube heat exchanger includes: Simultaneously collect data on the temperature, pressure difference, and flow rate of the fluid at the inlet and outlet of the hot fluid channel of the spiral tube heat exchanger; The temperature, pressure difference, and flow rate of the fluid at the inlet and outlet of the cold fluid channel of the spiral tube heat exchanger are collected simultaneously.

[0031] In a spiral tube heat exchanger, the hot fluid channel refers to the channel carrying the flow of hot fluid, while the cold fluid channel refers to the channel carrying the flow of cold fluid. To more accurately evaluate the heat exchanger's performance, data for these two channels need to be collected separately. Specifically, for the hot fluid channel, the fluid temperature at its inlet and outlet, the inlet-outlet pressure difference, and the flow rate are collected simultaneously; similarly, for the cold fluid channel, these same data are also collected simultaneously. The inlet-outlet pressure difference refers to the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the fluid as it passes through the channel. It more directly reflects the flow resistance within the channel, and compared to pressure data alone, pressure difference data is more sensitive and accurate in assessing the decline in flow performance caused by fouling.

[0032] This application's solution, by refining data acquisition to both the hot and cold fluid channels and using the inlet and outlet pressure difference as pressure data, can more comprehensively and accurately capture the instantaneous state of heat transfer and fluid flow inside the spiral tube heat exchanger. By separately monitoring the temperature, pressure difference, and flow rate data of the hot and cold fluid channels, the operating status of each channel can be analyzed independently. For example, it can be identified whether fouling on the hot or cold fluid side is causing a decrease in heat transfer performance or an increase in flow resistance. The introduction of the inlet and outlet pressure difference makes the quantification of fluid flow resistance more direct and accurate, thereby enabling a more effective assessment of the impact of fouling on fluid flow efficiency.

[0033] It is worth noting that the embodiments of this application enable refined monitoring of the operating status of the hot and cold fluid channels of a spiral tube heat exchanger, thereby providing more targeted and accurate raw data for subsequent correlation analysis. This meticulous data acquisition method helps to more accurately identify the distribution of fouling in different channels and its specific impact on heat exchange performance and flow performance, laying a solid foundation for subsequent calculation of fouling contribution ratio and generation of operational adjustment recommendations, and improving the accuracy of performance testing and the effectiveness of diagnosis.

[0034] In this regard, this application further proposes the following steps for obtaining the contribution ratio of fouling in the hot fluid channel and cold fluid channel of a spiral tube heat exchanger to the decrease in heat exchange performance, based on characteristic parameters and a preset thermodynamic model: Based on the characteristic parameters and the preset thermodynamic model, estimate the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the hot fluid channel and the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the cold fluid channel. Based on the increase in fouling thermal resistance in the hot fluid channel and the increase in fouling thermal resistance in the cold fluid channel, the contribution ratio of fouling to the decrease in heat exchange performance of the spiral tube heat exchanger in each of the hot and cold fluid channels is obtained.

[0035] Specifically, estimating the increase in fouling thermal resistance in the hot fluid channel and the cold fluid channel involves using characteristic parameters of the instantaneous efficiency of heat transfer and fluid flow within the helical tube heat exchanger obtained through correlation analysis, combined with a pre-established thermodynamic model, to quantitatively assess the increase in heat transfer resistance caused by fouling accumulation in each of the hot and cold fluid channels under the current operating conditions. The characteristic parameters reflect the dynamic performance changes within the heat exchanger, while the pre-established thermodynamic model provides the baseline performance under clean conditions and the theoretical framework for the impact of fouling formation on heat transfer. Specifically, based on the increase in fouling thermal resistance in the hot and cold fluid channels, the contribution ratio of fouling to the decrease in heat transfer performance in each channel is obtained. This can be understood as, after estimating the increase in fouling thermal resistance in each channel, comparing these increases with the change in total heat transfer resistance, or using a specific calculation formula, determining the proportion of fouling in each channel that contributes to the overall decrease in heat transfer performance. The purpose is to clearly identify which fluid channel has a greater impact on the reduction of heat exchange efficiency due to fouling, thereby providing a basis for subsequent operation adjustment and maintenance decisions.

[0036] It should be noted that the solution in this application refines the process of "obtaining the contribution ratio of fouling to the decline in heat transfer performance" into two steps: "estimating the increase in fouling thermal resistance" and "deriving the contribution ratio based on the increase in fouling thermal resistance." This makes the analysis of the causes of performance degradation in spiral tube heat exchangers more in-depth and accurate. First, by estimating the increase in fouling thermal resistance in both the hot and cold fluid channels, the physical obstruction of heat transfer efficiency by fouling can be directly quantified, providing a direct physical quantity for understanding the actual impact of fouling. Second, calculating the contribution ratio based on these specific increases in fouling thermal resistance allows for a more accurate identification of the main channels leading to the decline in heat transfer performance, avoiding potential errors from directly inferring from macroscopic data. Through the above technical solution, a more refined and accurate method for analyzing the causes of performance degradation in spiral tube heat exchangers can be provided. By explicitly estimating the increase in fouling thermal resistance in both the hot and cold fluid channels, this application can obtain more physically meaningful intermediate data, making the subsequently calculated contribution ratio of fouling to the decline in heat transfer performance more reliable and convincing. This detailed analysis helps operators and maintenance engineers better understand the distribution and impact of fouling in different channels, enabling them to develop more targeted and efficient operational adjustment recommendations and cleaning and maintenance plans, effectively improving the operating efficiency of heat exchangers and extending their service life.

[0037] In some embodiments described above in this application, it is proposed to estimate the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the hot fluid channel and the cold fluid channel based on characteristic parameters and a preset thermodynamic model, and to obtain the contribution ratio of fouling in the hot fluid channel and the cold fluid channel of the spiral tube heat exchanger to the decrease in heat exchange performance. Specifically, the above-mentioned method of obtaining the contribution ratio of fouling in the hot fluid channel and the cold fluid channel of the spiral tube heat exchanger to the decrease in heat exchange performance based on the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the hot fluid channel and the cold fluid channel can be further refined into the following steps: The increase in total heat transfer resistance is obtained based on the increase in fouling thermal resistance in the hot fluid channel and the increase in fouling thermal resistance in the cold fluid channel. Based on the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the hot fluid channel, the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the cold fluid channel, and the increase in the current total heat transfer resistance, the contribution ratio of fouling in the hot fluid channel and the cold fluid channel of the spiral tube heat exchanger to the decrease in heat transfer performance can be obtained. The contribution ratio of fouling in the hot fluid channels of a spiral heat exchanger to the decrease in heat transfer performance is obtained based on the increase in fouling thermal resistance in the hot fluid channels and the increase in the current total heat transfer resistance. The contribution ratio of fouling in the cold fluid passage of the spiral heat exchanger to the decrease in heat transfer performance is obtained based on the increase in fouling thermal resistance in the cold fluid passage and the increase in the current total heat transfer resistance.

[0038] Specifically, the increase in total heat transfer resistance refers to the increase in total heat transfer resistance of a spiral tube heat exchanger due to fouling during operation, relative to its clean state. This increase can be understood as the sum of the increase in fouling thermal resistance in the hot fluid channels and the increase in fouling thermal resistance in the cold fluid channels, aiming to quantify the comprehensive impact of fouling on overall heat transfer performance. Specifically, the contribution ratio of fouling in the hot fluid channels of the spiral tube heat exchanger to the decrease in heat transfer performance can be obtained by comparing the increase in fouling thermal resistance in the hot fluid channels with the increase in the current total heat transfer resistance, for example, by calculating their ratio. The purpose is to clarify the share of fouling in the hot fluid channels in the overall decrease in heat transfer performance. Similarly, the contribution ratio of fouling in the cold fluid channels of the spiral tube heat exchanger to the decrease in heat transfer performance can be obtained by comparing the increase in fouling thermal resistance in the cold fluid channels with the increase in the current total heat transfer resistance, for example, by calculating their ratio. The purpose is to clarify the share of fouling in the cold fluid channels in the overall decrease in heat transfer performance.

[0039] The proposed solution first calculates the increase in total heat transfer resistance, providing a holistic reference benchmark for subsequently assessing the contribution of fouling to each channel. Because the impact of fouling on heat transfer performance degradation is cumulative and interrelated, comparing the increase in fouling thermal resistance of a single channel with the increase in total heat transfer resistance allows for a more accurate quantification of the relative contribution of fouling to the overall heat transfer performance degradation in each channel. This step-by-step calculation method makes the analysis of fouling effects more refined and comprehensive, avoiding potential biases that might arise from judging based solely on data from a single channel.

[0040] The above technical solution allows for a more precise quantification of the contribution of fouling in both the hot and cold fluid channels of a spiral tube heat exchanger to the degradation of heat exchange performance. Compared to simply estimating the increase in fouling thermal resistance, this solution further provides the relative weight of the fouling impact on each channel, making the generation of operational adjustment recommendations more targeted. This allows for a more effective identification of the main causes of heat exchange performance degradation, guiding more precise maintenance measures, such as prioritizing the cleaning of channels with higher fouling contributions or adjusting the operating parameters of specific channels, thereby improving the heat exchanger's operating efficiency and extending its service life.

[0041] In this regard, this application further proposes the following steps for estimating the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the hot fluid channel and the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the cold fluid channel based on characteristic parameters and a preset thermodynamic model: Obtain the total heat transfer resistance of the hot fluid passage and cold fluid passage of the spiral tube heat exchanger under clean conditions; Based on the characteristic parameters, the preset thermodynamic model, and the total heat transfer resistance, calculate the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the hot fluid channel and the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the cold fluid channel.

[0042] Specifically, obtaining the total heat transfer resistance of the hot and cold fluid channels of a spiral tube heat exchanger under clean conditions refers to the total heat transfer resistance obtained through experimental measurement or theoretical calculation, before the heat exchanger is put into operation or after thorough cleaning, when the internal channels are in an ideal state free of fouling deposits. This total heat transfer resistance under clean conditions can serve as a benchmark value for subsequent calculations of the increase in fouling thermal resistance, aiming to provide an accurate reference point to quantify the specific impact of fouling on heat exchange performance. Calculating the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the hot and cold fluid channels based on characteristic parameters, a preset thermodynamic model, and the total heat transfer resistance can be understood as using characteristic parameters collected under the current operating conditions, combined with a validated preset thermodynamic model, and using the total heat transfer resistance under clean conditions as a benchmark, to derive the increase in thermal resistance caused by current fouling through mathematical models or algorithms. The increase in fouling thermal resistance can be accurately estimated by comparing the current total heat transfer resistance with the total heat transfer resistance under clean conditions and separating the heat transfer resistance on the fluid side and the wall side using the model.

[0043] This application's solution effectively addresses the problem of unclear benchmarks when directly estimating the increase in fouling thermal resistance by introducing the total heat transfer resistance of the spiral tube heat exchanger under clean conditions as a calculation benchmark. Once the total heat transfer resistance under clean conditions is obtained, a more comprehensive calculation framework can be established by combining the characteristic parameters obtained through correlation analysis under the current operating conditions with a preset thermodynamic model. The total heat transfer resistance under clean conditions represents the heat transfer capacity of the heat exchanger under ideal conditions, while the characteristic parameters reflect the actual heat transfer and flow efficiency under the current operating conditions. By inputting this information into the preset thermodynamic model, the model can more accurately separate the increase in thermal resistance caused by fouling deposition, rather than simply the fluctuation in heat transfer efficiency caused by changes in operating conditions. Through this technical solution, the estimation process of the increase in fouling thermal resistance is more accurate and reliable by introducing the total heat transfer resistance under clean conditions as a calculation benchmark. This avoids estimation bias caused by the lack of a clear benchmark and significantly improves the accuracy of quantifying the degree of fouling deposition inside the spiral tube heat exchanger.

[0044] In some preferred embodiments, it is assumed that before a spiral tube heat exchanger is put into operation, the total heat transfer resistance of its hot and cold fluid channels under clean conditions is measured as R_clean through hydraulic testing and thermodynamic calculations. After the heat exchanger has been running for a period of time, by applying a disturbance signal and simultaneously collecting temperature, pressure, and flow rate data of the inlet and outlet fluids, a series of characteristic parameters are obtained through correlation analysis. At this time, these characteristic parameters, along with a preset thermodynamic model and the previously obtained R_clean value, are input into the calculation module. The preset thermodynamic model calculates the total heat transfer resistance R_current of the heat exchanger under the current operating conditions based on the current characteristic parameters. Subsequently, by comparing R_current with R_clean, and combining the model to separate the heat transfer resistance on the fluid side and the wall side, the increase in fouling thermal resistance ΔR_hot in the hot fluid channel and the increase in fouling thermal resistance ΔR_cold in the cold fluid channel can be accurately estimated. For example, if R_current is significantly higher than R_clean, it indicates the presence of fouling deposits, and the specific increase in thermal resistance can be quantified through the model. This method ensures that the calculation of the increase in fouling thermal resistance is based on a clear, traceable benchmark, thereby improving the accuracy of the estimation results.

[0045] Specifically, the aforementioned pre-defined thermodynamic model can be obtained through the following processing methods. The pre-defined thermodynamic model is obtained based on the following processing methods, including: Obtain historical fouling thermal resistance data and corresponding thermodynamic parameters for hot and cold fluid channels; An initial thermodynamic model is constructed based on historical fouling thermal resistance data, corresponding thermodynamic parameters, and numerical iterative algorithms. The initial thermodynamic model is checked and corrected for errors until the calculation error of the initial thermodynamic model is less than a preset threshold, thus obtaining the preset thermodynamic model.

[0046] The acquisition of historical fouling thermal resistance data and corresponding thermodynamic parameters involves long-term monitoring and recording during the operation of the spiral tube heat exchanger to collect fouling thermal resistance values ​​and corresponding thermodynamic parameters such as temperature, pressure, and flow rate under different operating conditions in the hot and cold fluid channels. These thermodynamic parameters are derived from historical operating records, real-time sensor data storage, or periodic maintenance and inspection reports. The purpose is to provide sufficient training samples and validation data for subsequent thermodynamic model construction. Furthermore, building an initial thermodynamic model based on historical fouling thermal resistance data, corresponding thermodynamic parameters, and numerical iteration algorithms can be understood as using machine learning algorithms (such as regression analysis, neural networks, etc.) or physical models (such as heat transfer equations) combined with numerical iteration methods to establish a mathematical model that describes the relationship between fouling thermal resistance and thermodynamic parameters. This initial model aims to initially capture the patterns of fouling formation and heat transfer performance degradation. In addition, error verification and correction of the initial thermodynamic model until the calculation error is less than a preset threshold involves comparing the fouling thermal resistance value predicted by the initial model with actual historical data to calculate the model error. If the error does not meet the preset accuracy requirements, the model's parameters, structure, or iterative algorithm need to be adjusted, and the verification process repeated until the model's prediction accuracy reaches the standard required for engineering applications. The preset threshold can be set according to the actual application scenario and the accuracy requirements of the model; for example, it can be set to 5% or lower to ensure the model's reliability. The solution in this application provides a solid data foundation for constructing a thermodynamic model by acquiring a large amount of historical fouling thermal resistance data and corresponding thermodynamic operating parameters. Based on this, an initial model is constructed using a numerical iterative algorithm, which can effectively capture the complex nonlinear relationship between fouling formation and changes in heat transfer performance. Through continuous error verification and correction, the constructed thermodynamic model is ensured to have high accuracy and high reliability, thereby accurately estimating the increase in fouling thermal resistance and providing accurate input for subsequent calculations of the contribution ratio to performance degradation.

[0047] It is worth noting that the obtained preset thermodynamic model has higher accuracy and reliability. This enables more accurate results when subsequently estimating the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the hot and cold fluid channels based on characteristic parameters, thereby improving the accuracy of the analysis of the causes of performance degradation in spiral tube heat exchangers and laying the foundation for generating more effective operation adjustment recommendations.

[0048] Specifically, the steps for generating operational adjustment recommendations for the spiral tube heat exchanger based on the contribution ratio described above can be further refined. In this regard, this application further proposes that the steps for generating operational adjustment recommendations for the spiral tube heat exchanger based on the contribution ratio include: Based on the contribution ratio, determine the main causes of performance degradation; Based on the main reasons for performance degradation, operational adjustment recommendations for spiral tube heat exchangers are generated.

[0049] The process of identifying the primary cause of performance degradation involves analyzing the contribution ratio of fouling to the heat exchange performance decline, determining whether fouling in the hot or cold fluid channels has a greater impact, and thus identifying the main factors leading to the performance degradation. For example, a higher contribution ratio in the hot fluid channels may indicate that organic coking is the main problem; a higher contribution ratio in the cold fluid channels may be related to inorganic scaling. Generating operational adjustment recommendations involves proposing targeted operational adjustments or maintenance measures based on the identified primary causes to improve the heat exchanger's operating efficiency and extend its service life. This application's solution first clarifies the root cause of performance degradation based on the contribution ratio, and then generates specific operational adjustment recommendations based on this cause, making the proposed adjustments more targeted and effective. This step-by-step approach ensures the accuracy of the diagnosis of heat exchanger performance problems and provides practical solutions, avoiding blind adjustments or unnecessary maintenance. Through the above technical solution, it is possible to accurately identify the causes of performance degradation in spiral tube heat exchangers and provide customized operational adjustment recommendations based on this identification. This not only improves the efficiency and accuracy of heat exchanger fault diagnosis, but also helps optimize the production process, reduce maintenance costs, and effectively extend the service life of equipment, thereby improving the overall system's operational economy and reliability.

[0050] Specifically, in the process of determining the main causes of performance degradation based on contribution ratio, the following methods can be used. Determining the main causes of performance degradation based on contribution ratio includes: When the contribution ratio, which characterizes the contribution of the hot fluid channel to the decrease in heat transfer performance, is greater than the preset ratio, the main reason for the performance decrease is determined to be the effect of organic coking. When the contribution ratio, which characterizes the cold fluid channel's contribution to the decrease in heat transfer performance, is greater than the preset ratio, the main reason for the performance decrease is determined to be the influence of inorganic scale.

[0051] The contribution ratio refers to the proportion of the contribution of fouling in the hot and cold fluid channels of a spiral tube heat exchanger to the decrease in heat exchange performance. Analyzing this contribution ratio can identify the main factors causing the decrease in heat exchange performance. Specifically, when the contribution ratio of fouling in the hot fluid channel to the decrease in heat exchange performance exceeds a preset ratio, it usually indicates the presence of organic coking on the hot fluid side. Organic coking is formed by the deposition and carbonization of organic matter in the high-temperature fluid on the heat exchange surface. It is characterized by high thermal resistance and difficulty in removal through conventional physical cleaning. Furthermore, when the contribution ratio of fouling in the cold fluid channel to the decrease in heat exchange performance exceeds a preset ratio, the main reason is the influence of inorganic scale. Inorganic scale is usually formed by the precipitation of minerals such as calcium and magnesium ions in the cooling water on the heat exchange surface. It is characterized by high hardness and poor thermal conductivity, which significantly reduces heat exchange efficiency. The preset ratio can be set according to the heat exchanger's design parameters, operating experience, and historical data to distinguish the primary and secondary relationships of the impact of different types of fouling on heat exchange performance.

[0052] This application's solution quantifies the contribution of fouling in both hot and cold fluid channels to the decline in heat exchange performance, enabling precise identification of the primary fouling types causing performance degradation. Specifically, fouling in hot fluid channels is typically related to coking of organic matter in the fluid, while fouling in cold fluid channels is mostly related to inorganic scale deposition in the cooling water. By setting reasonable preset ratios, when the contribution ratio of one channel is significantly higher than that of another, it can be determined that the fouling type of that channel is the primary influencing factor, thus providing clear guidance for subsequent operation adjustments and maintenance.

[0053] This application enables accurate diagnosis of the causes of performance degradation in spiral tube heat exchangers. Traditional methods often struggle to distinguish the specific contributions of fouling on the hot and cold fluid sides to the overall heat exchange performance degradation, resulting in a lack of targeted maintenance measures. This application, by quantitatively analyzing the contribution ratio of different channels, can clearly identify whether the main performance degradation is caused by organic coking or inorganic scale, thereby avoiding blind maintenance and improving the accuracy and efficiency of fault diagnosis.

[0054] In this regard, this application further proposes the following steps for generating operational adjustment recommendations for spiral tube heat exchangers based on the main causes of performance degradation: When the main cause of performance degradation is the coking of organic matter, recommendations are made to adjust the feed flow rate of the spiral tube heat exchanger and a plan is arranged to prioritize the cleaning of the spiral tube heat exchanger. When the main cause of performance degradation is the influence of inorganic scale, suggestions are made to adjust the feed flow rate of the spiral tube heat exchanger and to check the circulating cooling water system of the spiral tube heat exchanger.

[0055] Specifically, when the primary cause of performance degradation is identified as organic coking, the resulting recommendations directly address the coking problem. The recommendation to adjust the feedstock flow rate of the spiral tube heat exchanger can be understood as optimizing the fluid's residence time, flow rate, or composition within the heat exchanger to reduce the likelihood of organic matter deposition and coking on the heat exchange surface. Planning a prioritized cleaning of the spiral tube heat exchanger targets existing coking layers, removing them through physical or chemical cleaning methods to restore heat exchange efficiency. When the primary cause of performance degradation is identified as inorganic scale, the resulting recommendations focus on resolving scale formation. The recommendation to adjust the feedstock flow rate of the spiral tube heat exchanger may involve adjusting fluid parameters to reduce scaling tendency, such as changing the flow rate to reduce localized overheating or undercooling areas. The plan to inspect the circulating cooling water system of the spiral tube heat exchanger refers to a comprehensive assessment and optimization of the cooling water quality, water treatment scheme, and circulation flow rate to control the precipitation and deposition of inorganic salts at the source, thereby effectively inhibiting scale formation.

[0056] This application's solution addresses the shortcomings of traditional methods, which often lack specificity and targeted recommendations, by precisely matching the primary causes of performance degradation with concrete operational adjustment suggestions. When the system identifies organic coking as the main problem, adjusting the feedstock flow rate can slow down the coking process at the operational level, while a priority cleaning plan directly removes existing coking, thus restoring heat exchange performance through a two-pronged approach. When inorganic scale is identified as the main problem, adjusting the feedstock flow rate optimizes fluid dynamics and reduces scale deposition, while inspecting the circulating cooling water system fundamentally improves water quality and inhibits scale formation. This targeted strategy ensures that the proposed suggestions more effectively solve practical problems, avoiding unnecessary maintenance or ineffective operational adjustments. This application can provide highly targeted operational adjustment suggestions based on the specific causes of performance degradation in spiral tube heat exchangers. This not only improves the effectiveness and operability of the suggestions, avoiding blind adjustments and unnecessary resource waste, but also enables faster and more accurate restoration of the heat exchanger to its optimal operating state, significantly extending equipment lifespan and reducing maintenance costs.

[0057] In some preferred embodiments, when, through correlation analysis of disturbance signals and fluid data, combined with a preset thermodynamic model, it is estimated that the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the hot fluid channel is significantly greater than that of the cold fluid channel, and this contribution ratio indicates that the contribution of the hot fluid channel to the decrease in heat exchange performance is greater than a preset ratio, the system will determine that the main cause of the performance degradation is the effect of organic coking. Based on this, the system will generate suggestions for adjusting the feedstock flow rate of the spiral tube heat exchanger, such as suggesting reducing the hot fluid inlet temperature or increasing the hot fluid velocity to reduce the residence time of organic matter on the heat exchange surface, and simultaneously arrange a plan for priority cleaning of the hot fluid channel, such as suggesting chemical cleaning or high-pressure water jet cleaning in the next shutdown cycle. For example, if the system detects a significant increase in fouling thermal resistance of the cold fluid channel, and its contribution ratio to the decrease in heat exchange performance exceeds a preset threshold, then the main cause of the performance degradation is determined to be the effect of inorganic scale. At this point, the system will generate suggestions for adjusting the raw material flow rate of the spiral tube heat exchanger, recommend optimizing the cold fluid flow rate to avoid local scaling, and simultaneously generate a plan for checking the circulating cooling water system, suggesting water quality analysis of the cooling water, evaluating whether the dosage of scale inhibitor is reasonable, or checking the operating efficiency of the cooling tower, in order to fundamentally solve the problem of inorganic scale formation.

[0058] See Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a sensor-data-based performance testing system for a spiral tube heat exchanger, provided in one embodiment of this application. The sensor-data-based performance testing system 200 for a spiral tube heat exchanger includes: The disturbance signal application module 210 is used to apply a disturbance signal that does not affect the production process to the heat fluid control parameters of the spiral tube heat exchanger when the spiral tube heat exchanger is in normal operation. Data acquisition module 220 is used to synchronously acquire temperature, pressure and flow data of fluid at the inlet and outlet of the spiral tube heat exchanger; The correlation analysis module 230 is used to perform correlation analysis between the disturbance signal and the temperature, pressure and flow rate data of the fluid to obtain characteristic parameters of the heat transfer and instantaneous efficiency of the fluid flow inside the spiral tube heat exchanger. The contribution ratio calculation module 240 is used to obtain the contribution ratio of fouling in the hot fluid channel and cold fluid channel of the spiral tube heat exchanger to the decrease in heat exchange performance based on the characteristic parameters and the preset thermodynamic model. It is recommended to generate module 250, which is used to generate operational adjustment suggestions for spiral tube heat exchangers based on the contribution ratio.

[0059] It should be noted that the information interaction and execution process between the above modules are based on the same concept as the method embodiments of this application. For details on their specific functions and technical effects, please refer to the method embodiments section, which will not be repeated here.

[0060] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or some of the steps and systems in the methods disclosed above can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and suitable combinations thereof. Some or all physical components can be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor, or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application-specific integrated circuit. Such software can be distributed on a computer-readable medium, which can include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or temporary media). As is known to those skilled in the art, the term computer storage media includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storing information (such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data). Computer storage media include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory, or other memory technologies. Digital multifunction discs (DVDs) or other optical disc storage, cartridges, magnetic tapes, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired information and can be accessed by a computer. Furthermore, it is well known to those skilled in the art that communication media typically include computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in modulated data signals such as carrier waves or other transmission mechanisms, and may include any information delivery medium.

[0061] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of this application. However, this application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of this application. All such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included within the scope defined in this application.

Claims

1. A method for testing the performance of a spiral tube heat exchanger based on sensor data, characterized in that, Applications in spiral tube heat exchangers include: When the spiral tube heat exchanger is in normal operation, a disturbance signal that does not affect the production process is applied to the heat fluid control parameters of the spiral tube heat exchanger. The temperature, pressure, and flow rate data of the fluid at the inlet and outlet of the spiral tube heat exchanger are collected simultaneously. By performing correlation analysis between the disturbance signal and the temperature, pressure, and flow rate data of the fluid, characteristic parameters of the heat transfer and instantaneous efficiency of the fluid flow inside the spiral tube heat exchanger are obtained. Based on the aforementioned characteristic parameters and the preset thermodynamic model, the contribution ratio of fouling in the hot fluid channel and cold fluid channel of the spiral tube heat exchanger to the decrease in heat exchange performance is obtained. Based on the stated contribution ratio, operational adjustment recommendations for the spiral tube heat exchanger are generated.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synchronous acquisition of temperature, pressure, and flow rate data of the fluid at the inlet and outlet of the spiral tube heat exchanger includes: The temperature, pressure difference, and flow rate of the fluid at the inlet and outlet of the hot fluid channel of the spiral tube heat exchanger are collected simultaneously. The temperature, pressure difference, and flow rate of the fluid at the inlet and outlet of the cold fluid channel of the spiral tube heat exchanger are collected simultaneously.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contribution ratio of fouling to the decrease in heat exchange performance of the spiral tube heat exchanger, obtained based on the characteristic parameters and the preset thermodynamic model, includes: Based on the aforementioned characteristic parameters and the preset thermodynamic model, estimate the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the hot fluid channel and the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the cold fluid channel. Based on the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the hot fluid channel and the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the cold fluid channel, the contribution ratio of fouling to the decrease in heat exchange performance of the hot fluid channel and the cold fluid channel of the spiral tube heat exchanger can be obtained.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method of determining the contribution ratio of fouling to the decrease in heat exchange performance of the spiral tube heat exchanger in each of the hot and cold fluid channels based on the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the hot fluid channel and the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the cold fluid channel includes: The increase in total heat transfer resistance is obtained based on the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the hot fluid channel and the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the cold fluid channel. Based on the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the hot fluid channel, the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the cold fluid channel, and the increase in the current total heat transfer resistance, the contribution ratio of fouling to the decrease in heat transfer performance of the hot fluid channel and the cold fluid channel of the spiral tube heat exchanger can be obtained. The contribution ratio of fouling in the hot fluid channel of the spiral heat exchanger to the decrease in heat transfer performance is obtained based on the increase in fouling thermal resistance in the hot fluid channel and the increase in the current total heat transfer resistance. The contribution ratio of fouling in the cold fluid channel of the spiral heat exchanger to the decrease in heat transfer performance is obtained based on the increase in fouling thermal resistance in the cold fluid channel and the increase in the current total heat transfer resistance.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of estimating the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the hot fluid channel and the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the cold fluid channel based on the characteristic parameters and a preset thermodynamic model includes: Obtain the total heat transfer resistance of the hot fluid channel and cold fluid channel of the spiral tube heat exchanger under clean conditions; Based on the characteristic parameters, the preset thermodynamic model, and the total heat transfer resistance, calculate the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the hot fluid channel and the increase in fouling thermal resistance of the cold fluid channel.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The preset thermodynamic model is obtained based on the following processing methods, including: Obtain historical fouling thermal resistance data and corresponding thermodynamic parameters for the hot fluid channel and cold fluid channel; An initial thermodynamic model is constructed based on the historical fouling thermal resistance data, corresponding thermodynamic operating parameters, and numerical iterative algorithm. The initial thermodynamic model is then subjected to error verification and correction until the calculation error of the initial thermodynamic model is less than a preset threshold, thus obtaining the preset thermodynamic model.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of generating operational adjustment recommendations for the spiral tube heat exchanger based on the contribution ratio includes: Based on the stated contribution ratio, determine the main causes of performance degradation; Based on the main reasons for the performance degradation, operational adjustment recommendations for the spiral tube heat exchanger are generated.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The determination of the main causes of performance degradation based on the contribution ratio includes: When the contribution ratio, which represents the contribution ratio of the hot fluid channel to the decrease in heat transfer performance, is greater than a preset ratio, it is determined that the main reason for the performance decrease is the effect of organic coking. When the contribution ratio, which represents the contribution of the cold fluid channel to the decrease in heat exchange performance, is greater than a preset ratio, it is determined that the main reason for the performance decrease is the influence of inorganic scale.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Based on the main reasons for the performance degradation, the method for generating operational adjustment recommendations for the spiral tube heat exchanger includes: When the main cause of the performance degradation is the coking of organic matter, a suggestion is made to adjust the feed flow rate of the spiral tube heat exchanger, and a plan is arranged to prioritize the cleaning of the spiral tube heat exchanger. When the main cause of the performance degradation is the influence of inorganic scale, suggestions are made to adjust the feed flow rate of the spiral tube heat exchanger, and the circulating cooling water system of the spiral tube heat exchanger is checked.

10. A performance testing system for a spiral tube heat exchanger based on sensor data, characterized in that, Applications in spiral tube heat exchangers include: The disturbance signal application module is used to apply a disturbance signal that does not affect the production process to the heat fluid control parameters of the spiral tube heat exchanger when the spiral tube heat exchanger is in normal operation. The data acquisition module is used to synchronously acquire the temperature, pressure, and flow rate data of the fluid at the inlet and outlet of the spiral tube heat exchanger; The correlation analysis module is used to perform correlation analysis between the disturbance signal and the temperature, pressure and flow rate data of the fluid to obtain characteristic parameters of the heat transfer and instantaneous efficiency of the fluid flow inside the spiral tube heat exchanger. The contribution ratio calculation module is used to obtain the contribution ratio of fouling in the hot fluid channel and cold fluid channel of the spiral tube heat exchanger to the decrease in heat exchange performance based on the characteristic parameters and the preset thermodynamic model. A suggestion generation module is used to generate operational adjustment suggestions for the spiral tube heat exchanger based on the contribution ratio.

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