A test simulation device and method capable of applying linear reciprocating traffic dynamic load

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of civil engineering, and discloses a test simulation device and method capable of applying linear reciprocating traffic dynamic load, wherein a clamping and separating mechanism between a transmission mechanism and a modular wheel set is arranged, linkage of a rotating knob and a reset spring is matched, and automatic reversing and reciprocating movement of the modular wheel set under the driving of the transmission mechanism is realized. Meanwhile, a sliding bent frame covering above a linear reciprocating path can realize continuous load application; the design ingeniously utilizes linkage of a mechanical structure, linear reciprocating movement of a load application unit can be realized without a complicated control system, and a dynamic process of back-and-forth driving of a vehicle on a road is accurately simulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of civil engineering technology, and more specifically, to a test simulation device and method for applying linear reciprocating traffic dynamic loads. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] As highways age, their original design traffic volumes are increasingly unable to meet the growing demand, making the reconstruction and expansion of existing highways a crucial means of improving traffic capacity. In reconstruction and expansion projects, the stability of the joint between the old and new roadbeds directly impacts the overall service performance of the road due to differences in structural form, material condition, and deformation coordination characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the rationality of the joint structure design parameters through indoor similarity model tests. Especially under long-term, repeated vehicle traffic conditions, the roadbed soil in the joint area will be subjected to continuous cyclic loads. If the model tests cannot accurately reflect the action of vehicle loads, it will be difficult to accurately reveal the stress and deformation patterns at the joint between the old and new roadbeds, thus affecting the guiding role of the test conclusions in actual engineering design.

[0004] The inventors discovered in their research that existing devices used in model tests of reconstructed and expanded roadbeds mostly employ static loading or single-point dynamic loading to simulate traffic loads. These devices can only apply vibration or dynamic loads at a single location, and the loading method does not accurately reflect the stress characteristics of actual vehicles moving continuously and repeatedly. While they can reflect the load effect to some extent, they generally cannot effectively simulate the linear reciprocating motion of vehicle loads along the route, nor can they realistically represent the dynamic response characteristics of the roadbed soil under traffic cycles. Furthermore, although some devices can achieve dynamic loading, their complex structures and large size, typically relying on loading mechanisms arranged on the top surface of the model, make it difficult to simultaneously ensure loading stability, motion continuity, and test adaptability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a test simulation device and method for applying linear reciprocating traffic dynamic loads. Through reasonable structural design, the linear reciprocating application of traffic loads is achieved, thereby more realistically simulating the dynamic load process of vehicles and enabling accurate evaluation of the rationality of the design parameters of the roadbed splicing structure.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: One or more embodiments provide a test simulation apparatus capable of applying linear reciprocating traffic dynamic loads, including a transmission system, a stabilizing support system, and modular wheel sets; The stable support system is equipped with a support frame, on which a sliding frame is installed that covers the linear reciprocating path in the model test. The sliding frame is movably installed on the support frame. The transmission system is set on the stable support system, including a transmission mechanism that realizes the transmission of reciprocating motion power above the reciprocating movement path of the modular wheel set. The transmission mechanism is equipped with a fixed clamp, and the fixed clamp is equipped with a first hook. The modular wheel set is connected through the fixed clamp so that the transmission mechanism drives the modular wheel set to move. The modular wheel set is located below the sliding frame and includes a load-bearing beam and rollers. The load-bearing beam abuts against the lower surface of the sliding frame and cooperates with the sliding frame to make linear motion along the test linear reciprocating path. The modular wheelset is equipped with engagement and disengagement mechanisms on both sides. Each engagement and disengagement mechanism includes a pin on the load-bearing beam, a spring-loaded hook, a return spring, and a rotating paddle fixed on the pin. The spring-loaded hook is equipped with a second hook, and the first hook and the second hook are adapted to each other. The rotating paddle rotates to drive the spring-loaded hook, so as to engage or disengage the first hook and the second hook.

[0007] A further technical solution includes a stable support system comprising a base, a support guide column mounted on the base, and a positioning frame mounted above the support guide column; a sliding frame is mounted between the base and the positioning frame and can be slidably mounted on the support guide column.

[0008] A further technical solution is that the sliding frame of the stable support system is equipped with a drive shaft and a driven shaft; the drive shaft and the driven shaft are respectively used to set the transmission mechanism of the transmission system. The drive shaft is connected to the power output end of the geared motor in the transmission system to drive the drive shaft to rotate, and then the driven shaft is rotated under the drive of the transmission mechanism. Alternatively, a counter may be installed on the stabilizing support system, with the counter's sensing end facing any position the modular wheel assembly passes through; Alternatively, the stabilizing support system may also be equipped with a rotation trigger, which is located at the end of the reciprocating movement path and is positioned opposite to the rotation lever; or, when the rotation lever adopts an inclined structure, the rotation trigger adopts a cuboid structure or a wedge structure; or, two rotation triggers may be provided, arranged diagonally below the sliding frame.

[0009] A further technical solution involves a chain drive for the transmission system. The transmission chain is positioned above the reciprocating movement path of the modular wheel set during testing. Fixed clamps are installed on the outer side of the transmission chain. The transmission chain is mounted on the drive shaft and driven shaft on the sliding frame via gears. The rotation of the drive shaft drives the transmission chain to rotate, thereby moving the modular wheel set through the fixed clamps on the transmission chain.

[0010] In a further technical solution, the transmission system also includes a geared motor, which is fixed to the upper surface of the positioning frame via a motor bracket; The power output shaft of the geared motor passes through the hollow area in the middle of the positioning frame and is inserted downwards to connect to the drive shaft; the drive shaft is equipped with a drive wheel set, and the driven shaft is equipped with a driven wheel set.

[0011] Further technical solutions also include a load application system, which is connected to the sliding frame and is used to realize the downward pressing or releasing of the sliding frame; The load application system includes an actuator, an actuator bracket, a gantry loading plate, and hinge bolts; the actuator is mounted on the upper surface of the positioning frame via the actuator bracket, the actuator rod extends downward and is movably connected to the top of the gantry loading plate; the gantry loading plate is located above the sliding frame and is used to transfer the load output by the actuator to the sliding frame.

[0012] Further technical solutions involve either electronic control or mechanical triggering to achieve the engagement and disengagement of the modular wheelset and the transmission mechanism.

[0013] A further technical solution involves having two pins on the modular wheel assembly, which are symmetrically arranged and pass through the two wings of the load-bearing beam. There are two spring-loaded hooks, which are set at the upper ends of the two pins and arranged facing each other; There are two rotating paddles, located at the lower ends of the two pins and arranged in opposite directions; There are two return springs, one located between the rotating paddle and the other between the rotating paddle and the supporting beam. The supporting beam is equipped with a limit post. One end of the return spring is limited to the limit post, and the other end is connected to the rotating paddle. It is used to provide a rebound force after the rotating paddle is subjected to external force.

[0014] The operation method of the test simulation device capable of applying linear reciprocating traffic dynamic loads, as described above, includes the following steps: The above describes a structural assembly test simulation device for a linear reciprocating traffic dynamic load test simulation device. Lift the sliding frame upwards, place the modular wheel set at the designated position on the top surface of the roadbed model, and lower the sliding frame to align it into the groove in the middle of the load-bearing beam; Rotate the drive chain until the fixed clamp engages with the spring hook on one side of the modular wheel assembly; Power on the geared motor and adjust it to the set speed; The electric actuator monitors the dynamic load applied by the wheels based on stress sensors inside the roadbed model, and adjusts the load value of the actuator to meet the test requirements.

[0015] Further technical solutions, including the process of assembling the experimental simulation device, include the following steps: Weld the support guide columns to the base and fix them in place. Then, put the guide rings on both sides of the sliding frame onto the two sets of support guide columns respectively. Install the first set of nuts and washers on the upper end of the support guide column, assemble the positioning frame and level it, and then install the second set of nuts and washers to fix the positioning frame, thereby forming an overall frame structure. The assembled frame is lifted as a whole above the model box of the roadbed model, so that the base corresponds with the side beam of the model box, and then fixed with fastening bolts; Install the driving wheel set and the driven wheel set on the sliding frame, and assemble the transmission chain between them; Place the geared motor on the positioning frame, adjust the position of the geared motor so that the shaft of the geared motor is aligned with the drive wheel assembly, and then smoothly lower the geared motor and fix it to the positioning frame through the motor bracket.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention achieves automatic reversing and reciprocating motion of the modular wheelset driven by the transmission mechanism through a locking and unlocking mechanism between the transmission mechanism and the modular wheelset. Specifically, the first hook on the fixed clamp engages with the second hook on the spring-loaded hook, and this, combined with the linkage of the rotating paddle and the return spring, enables the modular wheelset to move forward under the drive of the transmission mechanism. When the transmission mechanism moves the fixed clamp along a first direction, its first hook engages with the second hook of the spring-loaded hook on one side of the modular wheelset, thus dragging the modular wheelset forward. When it reaches one end of the path, the rotating paddle is triggered to rotate, driving the spring-loaded hook to rotate via a pin, causing the first hook to disengage from the second hook. The fixed clamp can then continue moving forward and engage with the spring-loaded hook on the other side of the modular wheelset, thereby driving the modular wheelset to move in the opposite direction. Simultaneously, the sliding frame covering the experimental linear reciprocating path enables continuous load application. This design cleverly utilizes the linkage of mechanical structures, achieving linear reciprocating motion of the load application unit without a complex control system, accurately simulating the dynamic process of a vehicle traveling back and forth on a road.

[0017] The advantages of the present invention, as well as its additional advantages, will be described in detail in the following specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the experimental simulation device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the stable support system structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the modular wheel assembly and the stabilizing support system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the modular wheel assembly structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the transmission system and the stabilizing support system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the load application system structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the transmission system, the stabilizing support system, and the modular wheel set in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the fixed clamp and the spring hook in the modular wheel set in the transmission system of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and the rotation trigger and the rotation lever in the modular wheel set in the stabilizing support system. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the load application system and the stabilizing support system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the geared motor, actuator, and stabilizing support system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0020] The components include: 1-1, transmission system; 1-2, load application system; 1-3, stabilizing support system; 1-4, modular wheel set; 2-1, support guide column; 2-2, positioning frame; 2-3, counter; 2-4, drive shaft; 2-5, sliding frame; 2-6, gantry loading plate; 2-7, driven shaft; 2-8, rotation trigger; 3-1, internal hexagonal groove; 3-2, guide ring; 3-3, base; 3-4, cantilever support; 4-1 4-1. Rebound hook; 4-2. Pin; 4-3. Limiting post; 4-4. Rotating lever; 4-5. Return spring; 4-6. Roller; 4-7. Bearing beam; 5-1. Driven wheel assembly; 5-2. Transmission chain; 6-1. Actuator; 6-2. Actuator rod shaft; 6-3. Hinge bolt; 7-1. Gear motor; 7-2. Motor bracket; 8-1. Drive wheel assembly; 8-2. Fixing clamp; 9-1. Actuator bracket; 9-2. Front screw hole. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0023] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments of the present invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various embodiments and features within those embodiments can be combined with each other. The embodiments will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Example 1 In one or more of the technical solutions disclosed in the embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 10 As shown, a test simulation device for applying linear reciprocating traffic dynamic loads is provided. The test simulation device can be set on the roadbed model to be evaluated. The roadbed model can be a spliced ​​model of new and old roadbeds. The device enables the linear reciprocating application of traffic loads to the roadbed model and then evaluates its stability. The device includes a transmission system 1-1, a stabilizing support system 1-3, and a modular wheel set 1-4. The stable support system 1-3 is provided with a support frame, and a sliding frame 2-5 is provided on the support frame to cover the linear reciprocating path. The sliding frame 2-5 is detachably installed on the support frame. The transmission system 1-1 is set on the stable support system 1-3, including a transmission mechanism that realizes the reciprocating movement power transmission and is set above the reciprocating movement path of the modular wheel set 1-4. The transmission mechanism is provided with a fixed clamp 8-2, and a first hook is provided on the fixed clamp 8-2. The modular wheel set is connected through the fixed clamp 8-2 so that the transmission mechanism drives the modular wheel set to move. Modular wheel set 1-4 is located below sliding frame 2-5, including load-bearing beam 4-7 and roller 4-6. Load-bearing beam 4-7 abuts against the lower surface of sliding frame 2-5 and cooperates with sliding frame 2-5 to make linear motion along linear reciprocating path. The modular wheelset 1-4 is provided with engagement and disengagement mechanisms on both sides. Each engagement and disengagement mechanism includes a pin 4-2 on the bearing beam 4-7, a spring-loaded hook 4-1 fixedly mounted on the pin 4-2, a return spring 4-5, and a rotating paddle 4-4. The spring-loaded hook 4-1 is provided with a second hook, and the first hook and the second hook are adapted to each other. The rotating paddle 4-4 rotates to drive the spring-loaded hook 4-1 to achieve engagement or disengagement of the first hook and the second hook. In the above embodiment, during the test of the linear reciprocating path, the transmission system 1-1 drives the transmission mechanism to move along the first direction of the test linear reciprocating path through the output power. At the same time, the fixed clamp 8-2 moves with the transmission mechanism and engages with the spring hook 4-1 on one side of the modular wheel set 1-4 to drive the modular wheel set 1-4 to move until it moves to one end of the linear reciprocating path. The rotating paddle 4-4 drives the spring hook 4-1 to rotate through the pin 4-2, causing the fixed clamp 8-2 to separate from the spring hook 4-1. After separation, the fixed clamp 8-2 continues to move under the drive of the transmission mechanism to the spring hook 4-1 on the other side of the modular wheel set 1-4 to engage, driving the modular wheel set 1-4 to move in the opposite direction to the first direction until one end of the test linear reciprocating path. The fixed clamp 8-2 separates from the spring hook 4-1 and then goes around the end and engages with the spring hook 4-1 on the opposite side to achieve automatic reciprocating motion. Furthermore, by setting up a sliding frame 2-5 above the linear reciprocating path of the test, the sliding frame 2-5 can consistently abut against the load-bearing beam 4-7 of the modular wheel set 1-4. By adjusting the height of the sliding frame 2-5, which is detachably mounted on the support frame, the sliding frame 2-5 can continuously exert downward pressure on the load-bearing beam 4-7, thereby applying load to the modular wheel set 1-4 during its movement. When the sliding frame 2-5 moves downward, the force on the modular wheel set 1-4 increases, thus increasing the load. Conversely, when the sliding frame 2-5 moves upward, the force on the modular wheel set 1-4 decreases, thus decreasing the load.

[0025] In this embodiment, by setting a locking and unlocking mechanism between the transmission mechanism and the modular wheel set 1-4, namely, the matching design of the first hook on the fixed clamp 8-2 and the second hook on the spring-loaded hook 4-1, combined with the linkage of the rotating paddle and the return spring, the automatic reversing and reciprocating motion of the modular wheel set 1-4 driven by the transmission mechanism is realized. When the transmission mechanism drives the fixed clamp 8-2 to move in the first direction, its first hook engages with the second hook of the spring-loaded hook 4-1 on one side of the modular wheel set 1-4, thereby dragging the modular wheel set 1-4 forward; when it moves to one end of the path, the rotating paddle 4-4 is triggered to rotate, which drives the spring-loaded hook 4-1 to rotate through the pin 4-2, causing the first hook and the second hook to disengage, allowing the fixed clamp 8-2 to continue moving forward and engage with the spring-loaded hook on the other side of the modular wheel set 1-4, thereby driving the modular wheel set 1-4 to move in the opposite direction. Meanwhile, the sliding frame 2-5 covering the linear reciprocating path of the test can achieve continuous load application; this design cleverly utilizes the linkage of mechanical structures to achieve the linear reciprocating motion of the load application unit without the need for a complex control system, accurately simulating the dynamic process of a vehicle traveling back and forth on the road.

[0026] In some embodiments, the stabilizing support system 1-3 is used to mount the entire test simulation device on the roadbed model and to achieve fixed connection of the various components; a specific structure may be as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the stable support system 1-3 includes a base 3-3, a support guide column 2-1 set on the base 3-3, and a positioning frame 2-2 set above the support guide column 2-1; a sliding frame 2-5 is set between the base 3-3 and the positioning frame 2-2, and can be slidably set on the support guide column 2-1; Optionally, the positioning frame 2-2 can be configured as a frame structure with a hollowed-out area in the middle; Furthermore, to realize the setting of the transmission system 1-1, the sliding frame 2-5 of the stabilizing support system 1-3 is provided with a drive shaft 2-4 and a driven shaft 2-7; the drive shaft 2-4 and the driven shaft 2-7 are respectively used to set the transmission mechanism of the transmission system 1-1. The drive shaft 2-4 is connected to the power output end of the geared motor 7-1 in the transmission system 1-1 to drive the drive shaft 2-4 to rotate, and then the driven shaft 2-7 is rotated under the drive of the transmission mechanism. In one possible implementation, in order to count the number of reciprocating motions of the modular wheel set 1-4, a counter 2-3 is also provided on the stabilizing support system 1-3, with the sensing end of the counter 2-3 facing any position passed by the modular wheel set 1-4. Optionally, counters 2-3 can be one of photoelectric switches, Hall sensors, or infrared sensors; when a photoelectric switch is used, when modular wheel sets 1-4 pass by, the photoelectric device recognizes one blockage and performs one count; In one possible implementation, in order to achieve the rotation of the rotating paddle 4-4, a rotation trigger 2-8 can also be provided on the stable support system 1-3. The rotation trigger 2-8 is located at the end of the reciprocating movement path and is positioned opposite to the rotating paddle 4-4. When the rotating paddle 4-4 adopts an inclined structure, the rotation trigger 2-8 can adopt a cuboid structure, a wedge structure, etc.

[0027] Optionally, the rotation trigger 2-8 is fixed to the base 3-3 of the stable support system 1-3 via the cantilever support 3-4; two rotation triggers 2-8 are provided, arranged diagonally below the sliding frame 2-5; Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the stabilizing support system 1-3 in this embodiment has two bases 3-3, located at both ends and fixed to the top surface of the side beam of the roadbed model box with fastening bolts. There are four support guide columns 2-1, with two vertically welded to each base 3-3 according to the spacing requirements. There are two rotation triggers 2-8, fixed to the left and right bases 3-3 respectively via cantilever supports 3-4 and arranged diagonally. There is one counter 2-3, located on one side of the base 3-3, with the counter's striker aligned with the rotation lever 4-4 on one side of the modular wheel set 1-4.

[0028] In one specific implementation, guide rings 3-2 are provided at both ends of the sliding frame 2-5. The inner wall of the guide ring 3-2 is adapted to the support guide column 2-1 to realize the vertical sliding of the sliding frame 2-5 along the support guide column 2-1. Optionally, at the upper end of the support guide column 2-1, washer bolts on the upper and lower surfaces are used to achieve height adjustment and fixation of the positioning frame 2-2.

[0029] In some embodiments, the transmission mechanism of the transmission system 1-1 can be a chain drive or a conveyor belt drive, etc. When the conveyor belt is driven, the conveyor belt can be arranged vertically, and a fixing clip 8-2 is provided on the outer side of the conveyor belt. A first hook is provided on the fixing clip 8-2 to transmit the rotational power of the transmission mechanism to the modular wheel set 1-4. This embodiment uses chain drive, such as Figure 1 As shown, the transmission mechanism set above the reciprocating movement path of the modular wheel set 1-4 is a transmission chain 5-2. A fixed clamp 8-2 is set on the outside of the transmission chain 5-2. The transmission chain 5-2 is respectively set on the drive shaft 2-4 and the driven shaft 2-7 set on the sliding frame 2-5 through gears. The rotation of the drive shaft 2-4 drives the transmission chain 5-2 to rotate, thereby driving the modular wheel set 1-4 to move through the fixed clamp 8-2 set on the transmission chain 5-2. One feasible technical solution is that, in order to realize the rotation of the drive shaft 2-4, the transmission system 1-1 also includes a geared motor 7-1, which is fixed to the upper surface of the positioning frame 2-2 by a motor bracket 7-2; The power output shaft of the geared motor 7-1 passes through the hollow area in the middle of the positioning frame 2-2 and is inserted downward to connect to the drive shaft 2-4; the drive shaft 2-4 is equipped with a drive wheel set 8-1, and the driven shaft 2-7 is equipped with a driven wheel set 5-1; Specifically, the driving shaft 2-4 of the driving wheel set 8-1 and the driven shaft 2-7 of the driven wheel set 5-1 are fixed on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the sliding frame 2-5, respectively; the transmission chain 5-2 is assembled on the gears of the driving wheel set 8-1 and the driven wheel set 5-1, and the fixing clip 8-2 is installed at a certain position on the transmission chain 5-2 with the clip facing outward.

[0030] Further technical solutions also include a load application system 1-2, which is connected to the sliding frame 2-5 and is used to press down or release the sliding frame 2-5 to achieve dynamic load loading of the modular wheel set 1-4 during movement. In some embodiments, the load application system 1-2 may employ an actuator loading structure or other loading structure capable of outputting vertical loading force. The loading structure is positioned above the linear reciprocating movement path of the modular wheel set 1-4 and is connected to the sliding frame 2-5 to transfer the vertical load to the modular wheel set 1-4 to simulate the vertical load action during vehicle movement. Under the action of the loading structure, the sliding frame 2-5 can stably apply downward pressure to the modular wheel set 1-4 or release the downward pressure, thereby realizing the load simulation of the modular wheel set 1-4 during reciprocating movement.

[0031] In this embodiment, the load application system 1-2 uses an actuator for loading, such as... Figure 6 and Figure 10 As shown, the load application system 1-2 includes an actuator 6-1, an actuator bracket 9-1, a gantry loading plate 2-6, and a hinge bolt 6-3. The actuator 6-1 is mounted on the upper surface of the positioning frame 2-2 via the actuator bracket 9-1. The rod of the actuator 6-1 extends downward and is movably connected to the top of the gantry loading plate 2-6. The gantry loading plate 2-6 is positioned above the sliding frame 2-5 and is used to transfer the load output by the actuator 6-1 to the sliding frame 2-5.

[0032] Optionally, the bottom of the gantry loading plate 2-6 is placed on the top surface of the sliding frame 2-5 and fixedly connected to the sliding frame 2-5, which can be done by welding or by bolting.

[0033] When actuator 6-1 is activated, it drives the gantry loading plate 2-6 to move downward or return upward, thereby pushing the sliding frame 2-5 to press down on the load-bearing beam 4-7 of the modular wheel set 1-4 or releasing the pressing force, thus applying a vertical load simulating the vehicle driving process to the reciprocating modular wheel set 1-4.

[0034] Actuator 6-1 converts external control signals into vertical mechanical outputs, and applies adjustable vertical pressure to sliding frame 2-5 through gantry loading plate 2-6 to simulate the dynamic load of modular wheel set 1-4.

[0035] Furthermore, a hinged connection is preferably used between the actuator 6-1 and the gantry loading plate 2-6. This connection method can compensate for the installation error between the actuator 6-1 and the gantry loading plate 2-6, and reduce the additional stress or jamming caused by local eccentricity during loading, thereby improving the stability and reliability of vertical loading.

[0036] In this embodiment, by setting up a load application system in conjunction with a sliding frame that can move up and down, a vertical load is continuously applied to the modular wheel assembly during its reciprocating movement, thus realizing the transformation from static loading to dynamic cyclic loading. Compared with existing devices that can only use static loads or single-point dynamic loading and are difficult to reflect the continuous movement and repeated reciprocating force characteristics of vehicles, the structure of this embodiment can more realistically simulate the load process when a vehicle travels linearly back and forth along the route. This allows the roadbed model to simultaneously bear the effects of motion and cyclic loads in the test, more accurately reflecting the dynamic response characteristics of the spliced ​​structure of the old and new roadbeds and the roadbed soil under traffic loads. At the same time, this loading method achieves stable load transfer through the coordinated cooperation of the frame structure, sliding frame, and actuators, taking into account loading stability, motion continuity, and test adaptability. This is beneficial to improving the consistency between model test results and actual engineering conditions, thereby providing a more reliable test basis for the rationality assessment of roadbed design parameters for reconstruction and expansion.

[0037] In some embodiments, the engagement and disengagement between the modular wheel set 1-4 and the transmission mechanism can be achieved by electronic control or by mechanical triggering; wherein, the rotating paddle 4-4 is used to drive the spring hook 4-1 to rotate, so as to realize the engagement and disengagement or re-engagement between the spring hook 4-1 and the fixed clamp 8-2.

[0038] One feasible technical solution is to achieve the action of the rotating paddle 4-4 by means of electronic control. When using electronic control, it includes a rotating motor and a rotating controller. The power output end of the rotating motor is connected to the rotating paddle 4-4. The rotating controller has a built-in control program that can control the rotating motor to drive the rotating paddle 4-4 to rotate when the preset conditions are met by setting the action time, action position or action conditions. After the rotating paddle 4-4 rotates, it drives the pin 4-2 to rotate, and further drives the spring hook 4-1 to rotate, thereby controlling the engagement and disengagement between the spring hook 4-1 and the fixed clamp 8-2 on the transmission mechanism.

[0039] This embodiment uses a mechanical triggering method, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the modular wheel set 1-4 includes a spring hook 4-1, a pin 4-2, a limiting post 4-3, a rotating paddle 4-4, a return spring 4-5, a roller 4-6, and a load-bearing beam 4-7; Two pins 4-2 are provided, symmetrically arranged and passing through the two wings of the bearing beam 4-7; two spring hooks 4-1 are provided, respectively located at the upper ends of the two pins 4-2 and arranged facing each other; two rotating paddles 4-4 are provided, respectively located at the lower ends of the two pins 4-2 and arranged in opposite directions; two return springs 4-5 are provided, respectively located between the rotating paddles 4-4 and the bearing beam 4-7, and the bearing beam 4-7 is provided with a limit post 4-3; one end of the return spring 4-5 is limited at the limit post 4-3, and the other end is connected to the rotating paddle 4-4, which is used to provide a springback force after the rotating paddle 4-4 is subjected to external force. Optionally, rollers 4-6 are mounted on the bottom surface of the bearing beam 4-7; the bearing beam 4-7 is engaged in the middle groove of the sliding frame 2-5 to achieve linear movement of the modular wheel set 1-4 along the long side of the sliding frame 2-5.

[0040] One feasible technical solution is that, in order to realize the mechanical triggering action of the rotating paddle 4-4, the rotation trigger 2-8 set in the stable support system 1-3 is set at the end position of the linear reciprocating path and located at the movement trajectory of the rotating paddle 4-4. When the modular wheel assembly 1-4 moves to the position of the rotation trigger 2-8, the rotation trigger 2-8 contacts the corresponding rotation paddle 4-4 and applies a pushing action, causing the rotation paddle 4-4 to rotate around the pin 4-2, which in turn drives the spring hook 4-1 to rotate, thereby disengaging the spring hook 4-1 from the fixed clamp 8-2. After disengagement, under the action of the return spring 4-5, the rotation paddle 4-4 and the spring hook 4-1 automatically return to their original positions so as to re-engage with the fixed clamp 8-2 when it is in position again.

[0041] For details, please refer to Figure 8 As shown, when the fixed clamp 8-2 and the spring-loaded hook 4-1 are engaged, the fixed clamp 8-2 moves with the transmission chain 5-2 and drives the modular wheel assembly 1-4 to move along the test linear reciprocating path in the first direction. When the modular wheel assembly 1-4 moves to the end of the path, the rotation trigger 2-8 located at that end abuts and presses the corresponding rotation lever 4-4. The rotation lever 4-4 drives the pin 4-2 to rotate, and further causes the spring-loaded hook 4-1 to rotate, thereby separating the fixed clamp 8-2 from the spring-loaded hook 4-1. After separation, the fixed clamp 8-2 continues to move around the end with the transmission mechanism and re-engages with the spring hook 4-1 on the other side of the modular wheel set 1-4, so as to drive the modular wheel set 1-4 to move in the second direction opposite to the first direction. When the modular wheel set 1-4 moves to the other end, the fixed clamp 8-2 and the spring hook 4-1 are separated and re-engaged again through the cooperation of the rotating paddle 4-4 on the other side and the corresponding rotating trigger 2-8, thereby realizing the automatic reciprocating motion of the modular wheel set 1-4.

[0042] The specific working process of the above-mentioned device in this embodiment is as follows: Under the drive of the reduction motor 7-1, the driving wheel set 8-1, the driven wheel set 5-1 and the transmission chain 5-2 rotate. At the same time, the fixed clamp 8-2 moves with the transmission chain 5-2. When the fixed clamp 8-2 stably engages with the spring hook 4-1 on one side of the modular wheel set 1-4, it drives the modular wheel set 1-4 to move along the long side of the sliding frame 2-5. When the modular wheel set 1-4 moves to the other end of the sliding frame 2-5, the rotation trigger 2-8 fixed on one side of the base 3-3 will push the rotating paddle 4-4 on one side, causing the spring hook 4-1 above the pin 4-2 to rotate, thereby disengaging from the engagement of the fixed clamp 8-2. The transmission chain 5-2 drives the fixed clamp 8-2 to move and pass around the gear of the driven wheel set 5-1. The fixed clamp 8-2 then engages with the spring hook 4-1 on the other side of the modular wheel set 1-4, driving the modular wheel set 1-4 to move in the opposite direction. When the modular wheel assembly 1-4 returns to its end, the rotation trigger 2-8, fixed to one side of the base 3-3, pushes the rotating paddle 4-4, causing the spring-loaded hook 4-1 above the pin 4-2 to rotate, thus disengaging from the fixed clamp 8-2. At this time, the counter 2-3 records the number of cycles. When the actuator 6-1 is energized, it applies a load to the sliding frame 2-5 through the gantry loading plate 2-6. The sliding frame 2-5 is in close contact with the moving modular wheel assembly 1-4, thus achieving effective application of the dynamic load. Following the above workflow of the components, the simulation of traffic dynamic load under linear reciprocating conditions is realized.

[0043] Example 2 Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a test method for a test simulation device capable of applying linear reciprocating traffic dynamic loads as described in Embodiment 1, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Assemble the structural simulation device of the test simulation device capable of applying linear reciprocating traffic dynamic loads as described in Example 1; Step 2: Lift the sliding frame 2-5 upwards, place the modular wheel set 1-4 at the designated position on the top surface of the roadbed model, and lower the sliding frame 2-5 to align and insert it into the groove in the middle of the bearing beam 4-7; Step 3: Rotate the transmission chain 5-2 until the fixed clamp 8-2 engages with the spring hook 4-1 on one side of the modular wheel set 1-4; Step 4: Power on the geared motor 7-1 and adjust it to the set speed; Step 5: Power on actuator 6-1. Based on the stress sensor inside the roadbed model, monitor the dynamic load applied by the wheels and adjust the load value of the actuator to meet the test requirements.

[0044] Step 1, the process of assembling the experimental simulation device, includes the following steps: Step 11: Weld and fix the support guide column 2-1 to the base 3-3, and then put the guide rings 3-2 on both sides of the sliding frame 2-5 onto the two sets of support guide columns 2-1 respectively; Step 12: Install the first set of nut washers on the upper end of the support guide column 2-1, assemble the positioning frame 2-2 and level it, then install the second set of nut washers to fix the positioning frame 2-2, thereby forming an overall frame structure. Step 13: Lift the assembled frame as a whole above the model box of the roadbed model, so that the base 3-3 corresponds to the side beam of the model box, and fix it with fastening bolts; Step 14: Install the drive wheel set 8-1 and the driven wheel set 5-1 on the sliding frame 2-5, and assemble the transmission chain 5-2 between them; Step 15: Place the geared motor 7-1 on the positioning frame 2-2, adjust the position of the geared motor 7-1 so that the shaft of the geared motor 7-1 is aligned with the internal hexagonal groove 3-1 of the drive wheel assembly 8-1, and then smoothly lower the geared motor 7-1 and fix it to the positioning frame 2-2 through the motor bracket 7-2. In step 2, slightly lift the sliding frame 2-5 and place the modular wheel set 1-4 at the designated position on the top surface of the roadbed model. Lower the sliding frame 2-5 and align it into the groove in the middle of the bearing beam 4-7. In step 3, the transmission chain 5-2 can be manually rotated until the fixed clamp 8-2 engages with the spring hook 4-1 on one side of the modular wheel set 1-4.

[0045] Furthermore, after step 2, the installation of the load application system 1-2 is also included. The actuator 6-1 is placed at the middle position on the top surface of the positioning frame 2-2 and the actuator rod shaft 6-2 is lowered vertically. The gantry loading plate 2-6 is passed through the gap in the middle of the transmission chain. The screw hole at the upper end of the gantry loading plate 2-6 is aligned with the screw hole 9-2 at the front end of the actuator rod shaft 6-2, and the hinge bolt 6-3 is inserted for effective connection.

[0046] Furthermore, the energized actuator 6-1 adjusts the length of the actuator rod shaft 6-2 so that the gantry loading plate 2-6 is tightly attached to the upper surface of the sliding frame 2-5 and welded together.

[0047] Furthermore, power on the geared motor 7-1 and adjust it to the lowest speed, check the operation of the transmission chain 5-2, and ensure that all components can achieve a stable working state.

[0048] Furthermore, power on actuator 6-1 and check the connection between actuator shaft 6-2 and gantry loading plate 2-6 to ensure that the dynamic load can be transmitted to the top surface of the roadbed model through gantry loading plate 2-6, sliding frame 2-5, and rollers 4-6.

[0049] Furthermore, the dynamic load applied by the wheels is monitored by stress sensors embedded inside the roadbed model, and the load value of the actuator is adjusted to meet the test requirements.

[0050] This experimental method involves first standardizing the assembly of the experimental simulation device, then accurately placing the modular wheelset at a designated position on the top surface of the roadbed model. Stable positioning is achieved through the cooperation of the sliding frame and the load-bearing beam, ensuring good guidance and stress stability during reciprocating motion. Simultaneously, the pre-engagement of the fixed clamps and spring hooks ensures reliable traction of the drive chain on the modular wheelset, guaranteeing continuous and stable linear reciprocating motion. Furthermore, the speed of the modular wheelset can be controlled by adjusting the speed of the reduction motor. Vertical loads are applied via actuators, and the load values ​​are adjusted based on monitoring results from stress sensors inside the roadbed model. This allows the dynamic load applied to the modular wheelset to more closely resemble the experimental setup and actual vehicle load conditions, thereby improving the realism of traffic dynamic load simulation, the controllability of the experimental process, and the accuracy and repeatability of the experimental results.

[0051] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test simulation device capable of applying linear reciprocating traffic dynamic loads, characterized in that, This includes the drivetrain, stabilization support system, and modular wheelsets; The stable support system is equipped with a support frame, and a sliding block is installed on the support frame to cover the linear reciprocating path of the test. The sliding block frame is movably installed on the support frame. The transmission system is set on the stable support system, including a transmission mechanism that realizes the reciprocating movement power transmission and is set above the reciprocating movement path of the modular wheel set 1-4. The transmission mechanism is equipped with a fixed clamp and a first hook. The modular wheel set is connected through the fixed clamp so that the transmission mechanism drives the modular wheel set to move. The modular wheel set is located below the sliding frame and includes a load-bearing beam and rollers. The load-bearing beam abuts against the lower surface of the sliding frame and cooperates with the sliding frame to make linear motion along the test linear reciprocating path. The modular wheelset is equipped with engagement and disengagement mechanisms on both sides. Each engagement and disengagement mechanism includes a pin on the load-bearing beam, a spring-loaded hook, a return spring, and a rotating paddle fixed on the pin. The spring-loaded hook is equipped with a second hook, and the first hook and the second hook are adapted to each other. The rotating paddle rotates to drive the spring-loaded hook, so as to engage or disengage the first hook and the second hook.

2. The test simulation device capable of applying linear reciprocating traffic dynamic loads as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The stabilizing support system includes a base, a support guide column set on the base, and a positioning frame set above the support guide column; the sliding frame is set between the base and the positioning frame and can be slidably set on the support guide column.

3. The test simulation device capable of applying linear reciprocating traffic dynamic loads as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding frame of the stabilizing support system is equipped with a drive shaft and a driven shaft. The drive shaft and the driven shaft are used to set the transmission mechanism of the transmission system. The drive shaft is connected to the power output end of the geared motor in the transmission system to drive the drive shaft to rotate, and then the driven shaft is rotated under the drive of the transmission mechanism. Alternatively, a counter may be installed on the stabilizing support system, with the counter's sensing end facing any position the modular wheel assembly passes through; Alternatively, the stabilizing support system may also be equipped with a rotation trigger, which is located at the end of the reciprocating movement path and is positioned opposite to the rotation lever; or, when the rotation lever adopts an inclined structure, the rotation trigger adopts a cuboid structure or a wedge structure; or, two rotation triggers may be provided, arranged diagonally below the sliding frame.

4. The test simulation device capable of applying linear reciprocating traffic dynamic loads as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission system uses chain drive. The transmission chain is set above the reciprocating movement path of the modular wheel set. Fixed clamps are set on the outside of the transmission chain. The transmission chain is respectively set on the drive shaft and driven shaft set on the sliding frame through gears. The rotation of the drive shaft drives the transmission chain to rotate, thereby driving the modular wheel set to move through the fixed clamps set on the transmission chain.

5. The test simulation device capable of applying linear reciprocating traffic dynamic loads as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The transmission system also includes a geared motor, which is fixed to the upper surface of the positioning frame by a motor bracket; The power output shaft of the geared motor passes through the hollow area in the middle of the positioning frame and is inserted downwards to connect to the drive shaft; the drive shaft is equipped with a drive wheel set, and the driven shaft is equipped with a driven wheel set.

6. The test simulation device capable of applying linear reciprocating traffic dynamic loads as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a load application system, which is connected to the sliding frame and is used to press down or release the sliding frame; The load application system includes an actuator, an actuator bracket, a gantry loading plate, and hinge bolts; the actuator is mounted on the upper surface of the positioning frame via the actuator bracket, the actuator rod extends downward and is movably connected to the top of the gantry loading plate; the gantry loading plate is located above the sliding frame and is used to transfer the load output by the actuator to the sliding frame.

7. The test simulation device capable of applying linear reciprocating traffic dynamic loads as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The engagement and disengagement between the modular wheelset and the transmission mechanism are achieved through electronic control or through mechanical triggering.

8. The test simulation device capable of applying linear reciprocating traffic dynamic loads as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The modular wheel set has two pins, which are symmetrically arranged and pass through the two wings of the load-bearing beam; There are two spring-loaded hooks, which are set at the upper ends of the two pins and arranged facing each other; There are two rotating paddles, located at the lower ends of the two pins and arranged in opposite directions; There are two return springs, one located between the rotating paddle and the other between the rotating paddle and the supporting beam. The supporting beam is equipped with a limit post. One end of the return spring is limited to the limit post, and the other end is connected to the rotating paddle. It is used to provide a rebound force after the rotating paddle is subjected to external force.

9. A test method for a test simulation device capable of applying linear reciprocating traffic dynamic loads according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A structural assembly test simulation device for a test simulation device capable of applying linear reciprocating traffic dynamic loads, as described in any one of claims 1-8; Lift the sliding frame upwards, place the modular wheel set at the designated position on the top surface of the roadbed model, and lower the sliding frame to align it into the groove in the middle of the load-bearing beam; Rotate the drive chain until the fixed clamp engages with the spring hook on one side of the modular wheel assembly; Power on the geared motor and adjust it to the set speed; The electric actuator monitors the dynamic load applied by the wheels through stress sensors inside the roadbed model, and adjusts the load value of the actuator to meet the test requirements.

10. The test method based on claim 9, characterized in that, The process of assembling the experimental simulation device includes the following steps: Weld the support guide columns to the base and fix them in place. Then, put the guide rings on both sides of the sliding frame onto the two sets of support guide columns respectively. Install the first set of nuts and washers on the upper end of the support guide column, assemble the positioning frame and level it, and then install the second set of nuts and washers to fix the positioning frame, thereby forming an overall frame structure. The assembled frame is lifted as a whole above the model box of the roadbed model, so that the base corresponds with the side beam of the model box, and then fixed with fastening bolts; Install the driving wheel set and the driven wheel set on the sliding frame, and assemble the transmission chain between them; Place the geared motor on the positioning frame, adjust the position of the geared motor so that the shaft of the geared motor is aligned with the drive wheel assembly, and then smoothly lower the geared motor and fix it to the positioning frame through the motor bracket.

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