A tunnel drainage pipe anti-blocking device based on water flow force self-cleaning

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of construction auxiliary equipment, and particularly provides a tunnel drainage pipe anti-blocking device based on water flow power self-cleaning, which comprises a turbine, which is installed in the interior of the drainage pipe and located in a water flow channel, and the turbine can rotate around its own axis; a transmission shaft, which is arranged axially along the drainage pipe, one end of the transmission shaft is coaxially connected with the turbine to rotate with the turbine; a scraper assembly, which is arranged on the side of the transmission shaft away from the turbine, the scraper assembly is transmissionally connected with the transmission shaft, and the scraping part of the scraper assembly is in contact with or arranged adjacent to the bottom of the inner wall of the drainage pipe; a one-way transmission part, which is arranged between the transmission shaft and the scraper assembly; and a trigger part, which is arranged on the one-way transmission part and transmissionally matched with the one-way transmission part; thereby realizing automatic cleaning of the deposits in the drainage pipe by using water flow power, avoiding manual cleaning in the drainage pipe, and solving the problem of difficult maintenance of the drainage pipe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of construction auxiliary equipment technology, and in particular to a tunnel drainage pipe anti-clogging device based on hydrodynamic self-cleaning. Background Technology

[0002] During tunnel excavation, seepage water from the surrounding rock and construction wastewater are usually discharged outside the tunnel through drainage pipes installed inside the tunnel. This drainage system is an important auxiliary facility to ensure the continuous progress of tunnel construction.

[0003] During drainage, sediments carried in the water flow tend to settle to the bottom of the pipe under the influence of gravity and gradually accumulate in areas with lower flow rates. As the operating time increases, the sediments continue to accumulate, causing siltation at the bottom of the drainage pipe, which in turn affects the smoothness of drainage.

[0004] In existing technologies, the problem of sediment accumulation at the outlet of drainage pipes is usually addressed by manual cleaning or replacement of the drainage pipes. However, due to the confined space in tunnel construction environments and the small diameter of drainage pipes, it is difficult for personnel to enter the pipes for cleaning, making maintenance quite challenging.

[0005] Therefore, existing technologies have defects and shortcomings, and need further improvement and development. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide a tunnel drainage pipe anti-clogging device based on hydrodynamic self-cleaning, which aims to solve the problem of difficult maintenance of drainage pipes in the prior art.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this application to solve the technical problem is as follows: A tunnel drainage pipe anti-clogging device based on hydrodynamic self-cleaning, used for cleaning drainage pipes, comprising: A turbine, which is installed inside a drain pipe and located in a water flow channel, and is capable of rotating about its own axis; A drive shaft is provided along the axial direction of the drain pipe, and one end of the drive shaft is coaxially connected to the turbine so as to rotate with the turbine. A scraper assembly is disposed on the side of the drive shaft away from the turbine. The scraper assembly is connected to the drive shaft, and the scraping part of the scraper assembly is in contact with or adjacent to the bottom of the inner wall of the drain pipe. A one-way transmission component, wherein the one-way transmission component is disposed between the transmission shaft and the scraper assembly; A trigger element is disposed on the one-way transmission element and engages with the one-way transmission element in a transmission manner; The unidirectional transmission component has a disengaged state and an engaged state; The trigger is used to drive the one-way transmission component to switch from the disengaged state to the engaged state when the turbine speed reaches the preset speed, so that the rotation of the transmission shaft is transmitted to the scraper assembly, thereby driving the scraper assembly to scrape off the deposits at the bottom of the drain pipe.

[0008] Optionally, the trigger includes: A counterweight, wherein the counterweight is configured to slide in a radial direction perpendicular to the axis of the transmission shaft; An elastic element, one end of which is fixed to the inner structure of the one-way transmission element, and the other end is connected to the counterweight, for applying an elastic restoring force toward the radially inward side to the counterweight; A protruding block is disposed at the outer end of the counterweight block.

[0009] Optionally, the unidirectional transmission element includes: Inner ring, which is fixedly connected to the drive shaft; The middle ring is fixedly connected to the inner ring and rotates synchronously with the drive shaft; the middle ring is provided with a guide groove, which is used for radial limiting and guiding of the counterweight. An outer ring, which is sleeved on the outside of the middle ring and fixedly connected to the scraper assembly; The outer ring has at least one fitting groove on its inner sidewall along the circumferential direction, which is used to engage with the protrusion.

[0010] Optionally, when the turbine speed is lower than the preset speed, the counterweight is held in a radially inward position under the action of the elastic element, so that the protrusion is separated from the fitting groove, thereby preventing torque transmission between the middle ring and the outer ring; When the turbine speed reaches or exceeds the preset speed, the counterweight moves radially outward under the action of centrifugal force, causing the protrusion to embed into the fitting groove, thereby establishing a torque transmission connection between the middle ring and the outer ring.

[0011] Optionally, the scraper assembly includes a scraper body and a counterweight disposed at the other end of the scraper body. The scraper body extends radially and is disposed toward the inner wall of the drain pipe. The counterweight is disposed on the side away from the scraping end to improve the rotational inertia and scraping stability of the scraper assembly.

[0012] Optionally, the tunnel drainage pipe anti-clogging device based on hydrodynamic self-cleaning further includes: Sealed bearings; A support frame is provided above the drain pipe. The support frame has a fixing hole, and a sealed bearing is fixedly installed in the fixing hole. The sealed bearing is used to connect and fix with the drive shaft.

[0013] Optionally, the tunnel drainage pipe anti-clogging device based on hydrodynamic self-cleaning further includes: A protective baffle is fixedly installed below the support frame. The protective baffle is used to reduce the impact of debris in the water flow on the one-way transmission component.

[0014] Optionally, the protective baffle is provided with a plurality of flow holes for water to pass through, thereby avoiding obstruction of water flow.

[0015] Optionally, a bumper block is provided near the turbine on the drive shaft to protect the turbine.

[0016] Optionally, the scraper body includes a scraper blade, which is arranged in an S-shape.

[0017] Optionally, the trigger includes a Venturi trigger unit, a mechanical differential pressure actuator, and a reset assembly; the Venturi trigger unit is disposed in the water flow channel of the drain pipe and is used to generate a pressure difference by utilizing the velocity difference generated when the water flows through its constriction throat; the mechanical differential pressure actuator includes a sensing cavity, a flexible diaphragm, and a push rod; the sensing cavity is connected to the high-pressure zone and the low-pressure zone of the Venturi trigger unit through a fluid channel; one end of the push rod is connected to the flexible diaphragm, and the other end is driven to the unidirectional transmission component; the reset assembly is used to apply a reset force to the push rod; wherein, when the pressure difference reaches a preset threshold, the pressure difference overcomes the resistance of the reset assembly and drives the push rod to move axially, pushing the unidirectional transmission component to switch from the disengaged state to the engaged state.

[0018] Optionally, the mechanical differential pressure actuator further includes a throttling delay structure, which is disposed on the fluid channel of the sensing cavity or integrated into the sensing cavity, and is used to filter out short-term water flow pulsations through fluid damping effect to prevent false triggering; a conversion mechanism is provided between the one-way transmission component and the scraper assembly, which is used to convert the axial thrust of the push rod into the circumferential engagement torque of the one-way transmission component to achieve instantaneous engagement; the scraper assembly further includes a multi-level adjustment structure, which is drivenly connected to the push rod and configured to adaptively adjust the scraping depth of the scraper assembly relative to the inner wall of the drain pipe according to the axial displacement of the push rod; the Venturi trigger unit is also provided with an anti-clogging structure, which is used to prevent impurities from depositing inside the Venturi trigger unit.

[0019] Beneficial effects: This application provides a tunnel drainage pipe anti-clogging device based on hydrodynamic self-cleaning. The device uses a turbine installed inside the drainage pipe and located in the water flow channel. Under the action of water flow, the turbine rotates around its own axis, driving a drive shaft coaxially connected to it to rotate synchronously along the drainage pipe axis. Simultaneously, a scraper assembly located on the side of the drive shaft away from the turbine is connected to the drive shaft, so that the scraping part of the scraper assembly is in contact with or adjacent to the bottom of the inner wall of the drainage pipe. A one-way transmission component and a trigger component located between the drive shaft and the scraper assembly cooperate to drive the one-way transmission component to switch from a disengaged state to an engaged state when the turbine speed reaches a preset speed. This transmits the rotation of the drive shaft to the scraper assembly to scrape off the deposits at the bottom of the drainage pipe, realizing automatic cleaning of the deposits in the drainage pipe using hydrodynamic power, avoiding manual entry into the drainage pipe for cleaning, and solving the problem of difficult drainage pipe maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the tunnel drainage pipe anti-clogging device based on hydrodynamic self-cleaning provided in this application; Figure 2 This is a front view of the tunnel drainage pipe anti-clogging device based on hydrodynamic self-cleaning provided in this application; Figure 3 It is provided in this application Figure 2 A sectional view along the I-I direction; Figure 4 It is provided in this application Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the protrusion and the fitting groove of the tunnel drainage pipe anti-clogging device based on hydrodynamic self-cleaning provided in this application; Figure 6 It is provided in this application Figure 5 Enlarged diagram of point B in the middle.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 10. Anti-clogging device for tunnel drainage pipes based on hydrodynamic self-cleaning; 11. Turbine; 12. Drive shaft; 121. Anti-collision block; 13. Scraper assembly; 131. Counterweight; 132. Scraper body; 1321. Scraper blade; 14. One-way transmission component; 141. Inner ring; 142. Middle ring; 1421. Guide groove; 143. Outer ring; 1431. Fitting groove; 15. Trigger; 151. Counterweight; 152. Elastic component; 153. Protrusion; 16. Sealed bearing; 17. Support frame; 18. Protective baffle; 181. Flow hole. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer and more explicit, the following detailed description of this application is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0023] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0024] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 6This application provides a hydrodynamic self-cleaning tunnel drainage pipe anti-clogging device 10. The device 10 is integrally installed near the outlet of the drainage pipe. It is used to automatically clean sediment within the drainage pipe during drainage. Specifically, sediment typically accumulates at the outlet of the drainage pipe and is generally silt or sand. The device 10 includes a turbine 11, a drive shaft 12, a scraper assembly 13, a one-way transmission component 14, and a trigger component 15. The turbine 11 is installed inside the drain pipe and located in the water flow channel, and can rotate around its own axis under the action of water flow. The drive shaft 12 is arranged along the axial direction of the drain pipe, and one end is coaxially connected to the turbine 11 so as to rotate synchronously with the turbine 11. The scraper assembly 13 is arranged on the side of the drive shaft 12 away from the turbine 11 and is connected to the drive shaft 12. Its scraping part is in contact with or adjacent to the bottom of the inner wall of the drain pipe for cleaning sediment. The one-way transmission component 14 is arranged between the drive shaft 12 and the scraper assembly 13 for controlling the selective transmission of power. The trigger component 15 is arranged on the one-way transmission component 14 and is in transmission cooperation with it. The trigger component 15 is used to control the state switching of the one-way transmission component 14 according to the rotational speed of the turbine 11. In addition, it also includes a support frame 17, a sealed bearing 16, a protective baffle 18, and a crash block 121. The support frame 17 is set above the drain pipe and supports the drive shaft 12 by cooperating with the sealed bearing 16 through fixing holes. The protective baffle 18 is set below the support frame 17 and has several flow holes 181. The crash block 121 is set on the drive shaft 12 near the turbine 11. The scraper assembly 13 includes a scraper body 132 and a counterweight 131. The scraper body 132 includes a scraper 1321 arranged in an S-shape.

[0026] In actual operation, when water flows through the drain pipe, it first acts on the turbine 11, causing the turbine 11 to rotate around its own axis, thereby driving the transmission shaft 12, which is coaxially connected to it, to rotate synchronously. When the turbine 11 rotates at a low speed, the counterweight 151 in the trigger 15 is held in a radially inward position under the action of the elastic element 152. At this time, the protrusion 153 on the counterweight 151 does not engage with the fitting groove 1431 in the one-way transmission element 14, so the one-way transmission element 14 is in a disengaged state. No torque is transmitted between the middle ring 142 and the outer ring 143. Therefore, the rotation of the transmission shaft 12 will not be transmitted to the scraper assembly 13, and the scraper assembly 13 remains relatively stationary, thereby avoiding unnecessary energy consumption and component wear under low flow conditions.

[0027] As the drainage flow increases, the turbine 11 speed gradually increases. When the turbine 11 speed reaches or exceeds the preset speed, the counterweight 151 moves radially outward under the action of centrifugal force and undergoes stable radial displacement under the limiting and guiding action of the guide groove 1421, causing the protrusion 153 to embed into the fitting groove 1431 on the inner sidewall of the outer ring 143, thereby switching the one-way transmission component 14 from the disengaged state to the engaged state. At this time, a torque transmission connection is established between the middle ring 142 and the outer ring 143, and the rotation of the drive shaft 12 is effectively transmitted to the scraper assembly 13, thereby driving the scraper assembly 13 to rotate around the axis of the drive shaft 12.

[0028] During the rotation of the scraper assembly 13, the scraper body 132 extends radially and is positioned towards the bottom of the inner wall of the drain pipe. Its scraping blade 1321 is S-shaped, and during rotation, it can continuously scrape the sediment deposited at the bottom of the drain pipe, causing the sediment to be carried back into the water flow and discharged from the drain pipe under the scraping action and the flushing action of the water flow. At the same time, the counterweight 131 provided at the other end of the scraper assembly 13 can increase the rotational inertia of the scraper assembly 13, so that it can maintain stable rotation even under water flow fluctuations, thereby improving the continuity and reliability of the scraping effect.

[0029] In the above process, the sealed bearing 16 is fixed by the support frame 17, providing stable support for the transmission shaft 12 and reducing rotational resistance, while preventing water from entering the connection part and affecting the transmission stability; the protective baffle 18 is set below the support frame 17, and the several flow holes 181 set on it ensure smooth water flow, reducing the direct impact of debris in the water flow on the one-way transmission component 14 without affecting the water flow, and improving the stability of the one-way transmission component 14; the anti-collision block 121 is set near the turbine 11 on the transmission shaft 12, and is used to buffer and protect the turbine 11 when there is impact from large particles of debris, thereby ensuring the reliable operation of the turbine 11 and the transmission structure.

[0030] Furthermore, under different operating conditions, when the water flow is intermittent or the flow rate fluctuates, the unidirectional transmission component 14 can automatically switch between a disengaged state and an engaged state under the action of the trigger component 15, so that the scraper assembly 13 only participates in the work when there is sufficient driving force, thereby achieving on-demand cleaning. At the same time, during long-term operation, the scraper assembly 13 disturbs and scrapes the sediment at the bottom of the drain pipe in each engaged state, which, together with the continuous flushing action of the water flow, effectively prevents the long-term accumulation of sediment and the formation of silt. Through the mutual cooperation between the above-mentioned structures, a self-cleaning process driven by water flow power is realized, eliminating the need for manual entry into the drain pipe for cleaning, thereby effectively solving the problem of difficult drain pipe maintenance in the prior art and improving the continuity and reliability of the drainage system operation.

[0031] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 2In some embodiments, the tunnel drainage pipe anti-clogging device 10 based on hydrodynamic self-cleaning includes a turbine 11, a drive shaft 12, a scraper assembly 13, a one-way transmission component 14, and a trigger component 15. The turbine 11 is installed inside the drainage pipe and located in the water flow channel, and is capable of rotating around its own axis. The drive shaft 12 is coaxially connected to the turbine 11 along the axial direction of the drainage pipe, so as to rotate with the turbine 11. The scraper assembly 13 is located on the side of the drive shaft 12 away from the turbine 11 and is drively connected to the drive shaft 12. The scraping part of 13 is in contact with or adjacent to the bottom of the inner wall of the drain pipe; it is disposed between the drive shaft 12 and the scraper assembly 13; it is disposed on the one-way transmission member 14 and drives the one-way transmission member 14; wherein, the one-way transmission member 14 has a disengaged state and an engaged state; the trigger member 15 is used to drive the one-way transmission member 14 from the disengaged state to the engaged state when the turbine 11 reaches a preset speed, so that the rotation of the drive shaft 12 is transmitted to the scraper assembly 13, thereby driving the scraper assembly 13 to scrape off the deposits at the bottom of the drain pipe. Furthermore, the turbine 11 is installed inside the drain pipe and located in the water flow channel. Under the action of the water flow, it rotates around its own axis, driving the transmission shaft 12, which is coaxially connected to it, to rotate synchronously along the axial direction of the drain pipe. At the same time, the scraper assembly 13, which is located on the side of the transmission shaft 12 away from the turbine 11, is connected to the transmission shaft 12. The scraping part of the scraper assembly 13 is in contact with or adjacent to the bottom of the inner wall of the drain pipe. The one-way transmission member 14 and the trigger member 15, which are located between the transmission shaft 12 and the scraper assembly 13, cooperate with each other. When the turbine 11 reaches the preset speed, the one-way transmission member 14 is driven to switch from the disengaged state to the engaged state. This transmits the rotation of the transmission shaft 12 to the scraper assembly 13 to scrape off the sediment at the bottom of the drain pipe. This realizes the automatic cleaning of sediment in the drain pipe by using water flow power, avoiding manual entry into the drain pipe for cleaning and solving the problem of difficult drain pipe maintenance.

[0032] Please refer to the following: Figures 3 to 6In some embodiments, the trigger 15 includes a counterweight 151, an elastic element 152, and a protrusion 153, and is configured to slide in a radial direction perpendicular to the axis of the transmission shaft 12; one end of the elastic element 152 is fixed to the inner structure of the one-way transmission member 14, and the other end is connected to the counterweight 151, for applying an elastic restoring force toward the radially inward side to the counterweight 151; and is disposed at the outer end of the counterweight 151. Furthermore, the counterweight 151 is configured to slide in a radial direction perpendicular to the axis of the transmission shaft 12. One end of the elastic element 152 is fixed to the inner structure of the one-way transmission element 14, and the other end is connected to the counterweight 151 to apply an elastic restoring force toward the radially inward side to the counterweight 151. At the same time, a protrusion 153 is provided at the outer end of the counterweight 151, so that the trigger element 15 can change its position in different speed states by moving the counterweight 151 in the radial direction. This provides a stable triggering basis for switching between the disengaged and engaged states of the one-way transmission element 14, improves the reliability and responsiveness of the one-way transmission element 14, and ensures that the drain pipe can be effectively controlled under different water flow conditions.

[0033] Please refer to the following: Figures 3 to 6 In some embodiments, the one-way transmission component 14 includes an inner ring 141, a middle ring 142, and an outer ring 143, which is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 12; it is fixedly connected to the inner ring 141 and rotates synchronously with the transmission shaft 12; the middle ring 142 is provided with a guide groove 1421, which is used for radial limiting and guiding of the counterweight block 151; it is sleeved on the outside of the middle ring 142 and fixedly connected to the scraper assembly 13; wherein, at least one fitting groove 1431 is provided circumferentially on the inner sidewall of the outer ring 143, which is used to cooperate with the protrusion block 153. Furthermore, the inner ring 141 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 12, and the middle ring 142 is fixedly connected to the inner ring 141 and rotates synchronously with the drive shaft 12. A guide groove 1421 is provided on the middle ring 142 to radially limit and guide the counterweight 151. At the same time, the outer ring 143 is sleeved on the outside of the middle ring 142 and fixedly connected to the scraper assembly 13. A fitting groove 1431 is provided circumferentially on the inner sidewall of the outer ring 143 to cooperate with the protrusion 153. This makes the unidirectional transmission component 14 form a clear transmission path and cooperation relationship in structure, thereby achieving stable torque transmission between the middle ring 142 and the outer ring 143 when the conditions are met, ensuring that the scraper assembly 13 can obtain stable driving force and improving the cleaning effect on the sediment at the bottom of the drain pipe.

[0034] Please refer to the following: Figures 3 to 6In some embodiments, when the turbine 11 rotates at a speed lower than a preset speed, the counterweight 151 is held in a radially inward position under the action of the elastic element 152, causing the protrusion 153 to separate from the fitting groove 1431, thereby preventing torque transmission between the middle ring 142 and the outer ring 143; when the turbine 11 rotates at or above the preset speed, the counterweight 151 moves radially outward under the action of centrifugal force, causing the protrusion 153 to embed into the fitting groove 1431, thereby establishing a torque transmission connection between the middle ring 142 and the outer ring 143. Furthermore, when the turbine 11 rotates below the preset speed, the counterweight 151 is held in a radially inward position under the action of the elastic element 152, causing the protrusion 153 to separate from the fitting groove 1431, thereby preventing torque transmission between the middle ring 142 and the outer ring 143. When the turbine 11 rotates to or above the preset speed, the counterweight 151 moves radially outward under the action of centrifugal force, causing the protrusion 153 to embed into the fitting groove 1431, thereby establishing a torque transmission connection between the middle ring 142 and the outer ring 143. This enables the one-way transmission component 14 to automatically switch between the disengaged and engaged states, ensuring that the scraper assembly 13 only operates when there is sufficient water flow power, avoiding ineffective operation under low flow conditions, improving overall operating efficiency, and reducing component wear.

[0035] Please refer to the following: Figure 2 In some embodiments, the scraper assembly 13 includes a scraper body 132 and a counterweight 131 disposed at the other end of the scraper body 132. The scraper body 132 extends radially and is disposed towards the inner wall of the drain pipe, while the counterweight 131 is disposed on the side away from the scraping end to improve the rotational inertia and scraping stability of the scraper assembly 13. Furthermore, by including the scraper body 132 and the counterweight 131 disposed at the other end of the scraper body 132, and by having the scraper body 132 extend radially and be disposed towards the inner wall of the drain pipe, while the counterweight 131 is disposed on the side away from the scraping end to improve the rotational inertia and scraping stability of the scraper assembly 13, the scraper assembly 13 can rotate stably under the drive of the drive shaft 12 and continuously scrape the deposits at the bottom of the inner wall of the drain pipe, thereby improving cleaning continuity and preventing deposit accumulation and blockage.

[0036] Please refer to the following: Figure 2In some embodiments, the tunnel drainage pipe anti-clogging device 10 based on hydrodynamic self-cleaning further includes a sealed bearing 16 and a support frame 17. The support frame 17 is disposed above the drainage pipe and has a fixing hole. The sealed bearing 16 is fixedly disposed in the fixing hole and is used to connect and fix with the drive shaft 12. By disposing of the support frame 17 above the drainage pipe and providing a fixing hole on the support frame 17 with a fixed sealed bearing 16, the sealed bearing 16 is used to connect and fix with the drive shaft 12, thereby providing stable support for the drive shaft 12 and reducing rotational resistance. Simultaneously, the sealing bearing 16 reduces the impact of water flow on the transmission connection parts, ensuring the transmission stability between the drive shaft 12 and the one-way transmission component 14 and scraper assembly 13, and improving the overall reliability of the device.

[0037] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 In some embodiments, the tunnel drainage pipe anti-clogging device 10 based on hydrodynamic self-cleaning further includes a protective baffle 18, which is fixedly installed below the support frame 17. The protective baffle 18 is used to reduce the impact of debris in the water flow on the one-way transmission component 14. Furthermore, by fixing the protective baffle 18 below the support frame 17, the protective baffle 18 reduces the impact of debris in the water flow on the one-way transmission component 14, thereby reducing the interference of debris on the structure of the one-way transmission component 14, ensuring the stability of the one-way transmission component 14 during the switching process between the disengaged and engaged states, and further improving the adaptability of the device in complex water flow environments.

[0038] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 In some embodiments, the protective baffle 18 is provided with a plurality of flow holes 181 for water to pass through, thus avoiding obstruction of water flow. Furthermore, by providing a plurality of flow holes 181 in the protective baffle 18 for water to pass through, the protective baffle 18 protects the unidirectional transmission component 14 while avoiding obstruction of water flow, thereby ensuring smooth water flow in the drain pipe, enabling the turbine 11 to rotate stably driven by the water flow, and ensuring the continuity of the overall operation of the device.

[0039] Please refer to the following: Figure 3 In some embodiments, a bumper block 121 is provided on the drive shaft 12 near the turbine 11 to protect the turbine. By providing the bumper block 121 near the turbine 11, the bumper block 121 protects the turbine. When debris impacts the water flow, the bumper block 121 buffers and protects the turbine 11, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the turbine 11, ensuring that the turbine 11 can continuously and stably drive the drive shaft 12 to rotate, and improving the service life of the device.

[0040] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 In some embodiments, the scraper body 132 includes a scraper blade 1321, which is S-shaped. By including the S-shaped scraper blade 1321 in the scraper body 132, the scraper blade 1321 can form a continuously changing scraping trajectory as it rotates with the drive shaft 12. This enhances the disturbance and scraping effect on the sediment at the bottom of the drain pipe's inner wall, making it easier for the sediment to be carried away by the water flow, further improving the drain pipe's self-cleaning ability and preventing long-term sediment accumulation that could lead to blockage.

[0041] In some embodiments, the one-way transmission element 14 is any one or a combination of an overrunning clutch, a ratchet mechanism, or a one-way bearing.

[0042] In some embodiments, the trigger 15 is a centrifugal trigger 15, which includes a centrifugal block and a reset member. The centrifugal block moves radially when the rotational speed increases to drive the unidirectional transmission mechanism to engage. The trigger 15 is a centrifugal force-based triggering structure that drives the unidirectional transmission member 14 from a disengaged state to an engaged state when the rotational speed increases. The scraper assembly 13 is connected to the transmission shaft 12 through an eccentric structure or a connecting rod structure to achieve oscillating or reciprocating motion.

[0043] Please refer to the following: Figures 3 to 6 In some embodiments, the engagement between the trigger 15 and the one-way transmission member 14 can be adaptively adjusted according to changes in the turbine 11 rotational speed. Specifically, the counterweight 151 is subjected to both centrifugal force and elastic restoring force applied by the elastic member 152 during rotation with the drive shaft 12. When the turbine 11 rotational speed is low, the counterweight 151 is held in a radially inward position under the action of the elastic member 152. At this time, the protrusion 153 is separated from the fitting groove 1431, the one-way transmission member 14 is in a disengaged state, no torque is transmitted between the middle ring 142 and the outer ring 143, and the scraper assembly 13 does not rotate.

[0044] As the water flow increases, the turbine 11 speed gradually increases. When the turbine 11 speed reaches the preset speed, the counterweight 151 overcomes the elastic restoring force of the elastic element 152 under the action of centrifugal force and moves radially outward along the guide groove 1421, so that the protrusion 153 gradually contacts and embeds into the fitting groove 1431, thereby switching the one-way transmission element 14 from the disengaged state to the engaged state. Preferably, the preset speed corresponds to the turbine 11 speed range under normal drainage conditions. Within this speed range, the counterweight 151 can be stably maintained in the radially outward position, so that the protrusion 153 is continuously embedded in the fitting groove 1431, thereby ensuring a stable torque transmission connection between the middle ring 142 and the outer ring 143, so that the scraper assembly 13 continues to rotate during this stage and scrapes away the deposits at the bottom of the drainage pipe.

[0045] During the establishment of the combined state, the counterweight 151 moves gradually radially under the limiting and guiding action of the guide groove 1421, so that the protrusion 153 and the fitting groove 1431 form a progressive fit, thereby avoiding instantaneous impact and ensuring the stability of the combination process of the one-way transmission component 14; after the scraper assembly 13 starts to scrape off the sediment, as long as the turbine 11 speed is maintained above the preset speed, the protrusion 153 and the fitting groove 1431 maintain a stable fitting state, so that the scraper assembly 13 can continuously scrape the sediment during this period of time, and cooperate with the water flow to carry the sediment away from the bottom of the drain pipe.

[0046] When the water flow decreases, causing the turbine 11 to rotate at a lower speed, the counterweight 151 gradually returns to its radially inward position under the action of the elastic element 152. When the turbine 11 rotates below the preset speed, the protrusion 153 gradually disengages from the fitting groove 1431, causing the one-way transmission element 14 to switch from the engaged state to the disengaged state. Torque is no longer transmitted between the middle ring 142 and the outer ring 143, thereby stopping the scraper assembly 13 from rotating. During this separation process, the elastic element 152 buffers the process of the protrusion 153 disengaging from the fitting groove 1431 smoothly, avoiding jamming or impact.

[0047] Through the aforementioned structural cooperation, the protrusion 153 and the fitting groove 1431 can automatically engage and disengage according to the changes in the turbine 11's rotational speed. This allows the scraper assembly 13 to operate only when the water flow is powerful enough, and to automatically stop when the water flow weakens or the sediment decreases, thereby avoiding ineffective operation and reducing component wear. Simultaneously, the scraper assembly 13 scrapes away sediment during each engagement period, and the subsequent water flow completes the flushing and discharge, thus achieving a periodic self-cleaning process. This effectively prevents long-term accumulation of sediment at the bottom of the drain pipe, ensuring smooth drainage, thereby solving the problem of difficult drain pipe maintenance and improving the stability and feasibility of the device operation.

[0048] In some embodiments, the tunnel drainage pipe anti-clogging device 10 based on hydrodynamic self-cleaning is made of existing corrosion-resistant materials, including a turbine 11, a drive shaft 12, a scraper assembly 13, a one-way transmission component 14, and a trigger component 15, thereby extending the service life of the tunnel drainage pipe anti-clogging device 10 based on hydrodynamic self-cleaning in humid environments.

[0049] In other embodiments, the trigger includes a Venturi trigger unit, a mechanical differential pressure actuator, and a reset assembly. The Venturi trigger unit is disposed in the water flow channel of the drain pipe and is used to generate a pressure difference by utilizing the velocity difference generated when the water flows through its constriction throat. The mechanical differential pressure actuator includes a sensing cavity, a flexible diaphragm, and a push rod. The sensing cavity is connected to the high-pressure zone and the low-pressure zone of the Venturi trigger unit through a fluid channel. One end of the push rod is connected to the flexible diaphragm, and the other end is driven to the unidirectional transmission component. The reset assembly is used to apply a reset force to the push rod. When the pressure difference reaches a preset threshold, the pressure difference overcomes the resistance of the reset assembly, driving the push rod to move axially, and pushing the unidirectional transmission component to switch from the disengaged state to the engaged state. The Venturi trigger unit is coaxially fixedly installed in the water flow channel inside the drain pipe. The unit has an inlet constriction section, an intermediate throat, and an outlet diffuser section arranged sequentially along the water flow direction. To obtain a precise pressure signal, a first pressure tap is provided on the upstream pipe wall of the inlet constriction section to obtain high pressure, while a second pressure tap is provided at the intermediate throat to obtain low pressure. When the water flow accelerates through the throat, according to Bernoulli's principle, the pressure at the second pressure tap is significantly lower than that at the first pressure tap, thus forming a stable pressure difference as a driving source.

[0050] To sense and respond to this pressure difference, the device integrates a mechanical differential pressure actuator, which includes a fixedly mounted diaphragm housing, a flexible diaphragm disposed within the housing, a push rod, and an elastic reset component. The flexible diaphragm is peripherally sealed and pressed against the inside of the diaphragm housing, dividing its internal cavity into independent high-pressure sensing chambers and low-pressure sensing chambers, which are connected to the two pressure taps mentioned above via pressure guide tubes. One end of the push rod is coaxially fixed to the center of the flexible diaphragm, while the other end extends outward through a guide sealing hole on the diaphragm housing, pointing towards the force-receiving end of the unidirectional transmission component. The elastic reset component is sleeved on the outside of the push rod, providing a reset force pointing towards the inside of the diaphragm housing under normal conditions.

[0051] In other embodiments, the mechanical differential pressure actuator further includes a throttling delay structure, which is disposed on the fluid channel of the sensing cavity or integrated into the sensing cavity, and is used to filter out short-term water flow pulsations through fluid damping effect to prevent false triggering; a conversion mechanism is provided between the one-way transmission member and the scraper assembly, which is used to convert the axial thrust of the push rod into the circumferential engagement torque of the one-way transmission member to achieve instantaneous engagement; the scraper assembly further includes a multi-level adjustment structure, which is drivenly connected to the push rod and configured to adaptively adjust the scraping depth of the scraper assembly relative to the inner wall of the drain pipe according to the axial displacement of the push rod; the Venturi trigger unit is also provided with an anti-clogging structure, which is used to prevent impurities from depositing inside the Venturi trigger unit.

[0052] In other embodiments, to address the common interference from water flow pulsations within tunnel drainage pipes, a throttling and delay structure is integrated into the fluid path of the high-pressure sensing chamber. This structure takes the form of a damping plate with micron-sized through-holes or a parallel buffer sub-chamber. This structure utilizes the fluid damping effect to prevent instantaneous pressure fluctuations from quickly filling or emptying the sensing chamber, thereby creating a pressure buffer on both sides of the diaphragm. This ensures that the push rod only actuates under a continuous and stable pressure differential, preventing false triggering.

[0053] In other embodiments, the linear motion of the push rod needs to be converted into the rotational engagement action of the unidirectional transmission component along the transmission path. Therefore, a conversion mechanism is provided between the push rod and the unidirectional transmission component. This mechanism is specifically manifested as a mating structure of a helical groove and rollers on the end face: the driving engagement disc of the unidirectional transmission component has a helical groove machined on its end face, and a corresponding retainer on the driven engagement disc is provided with rollers. When the push rod extends axially under the pressure difference, it pushes the driven engagement disc closer to the driving engagement disc, forcing the rollers to roll into the deep wedge region of the helical groove, and using the mechanical locking effect to transmit the torque of the transmission shaft to the scraper assembly.

[0054] In other embodiments, the scraper assembly also employs an axially sliding two-position scraper arm drive assembly to achieve adaptive scraping. A cam adjusting sleeve is slidably mounted on the drive shaft. The outer circumference of the adjusting sleeve is sequentially machined with a first conical section with a smaller taper and a second conical section with a larger taper along the axial direction. The root of the scraper arm of the scraper assembly is pivotally connected to a fixed base, and its end abuts against the outer wall of the cam adjusting sleeve. During operation, the push rod drives the cam adjusting sleeve to move synchronously. When the water flow velocity is moderate and the push rod stroke is short, the scraper arm abuts against the first conical section, and the radial extension of the scraper is small, performing shallow scraping. When the flow velocity increases, causing the push rod stroke to increase, the scraper arm slides down to the second conical section, where it is squeezed by the larger taper, and the radial extension of the scraper increases significantly, thereby automatically switching to a deep and powerful scraping mode.

[0055] In other embodiments, considering the complex drainage environment of tunnels, the unit also integrates an anti-clogging and self-cleaning structure to prevent clogging of the Venturi trigger unit itself. A cylindrical filter screen is installed at the very front of the inlet contraction section to intercept large particles of debris, and a bypass channel is provided on the throat wall to prevent complete blockage. Simultaneously, a backwash pipe is installed using the siphon principle, with its inlet connected to the high-pressure zone and its outlet pointing towards the throat and filter screen. When the flow velocity in the throat is fast enough, the high-pressure water flow is entrained to form a jet, continuously flushing the filter screen and the inner wall of the throat, ensuring stable operation of the device under long-term harsh environments.

[0056] In summary, this application provides a tunnel drainage pipe anti-clogging device based on hydrodynamic self-cleaning. The device includes a turbine, a drive shaft, a scraper assembly, a one-way transmission component, and a trigger. The turbine is installed inside the drainage pipe and located in the water flow channel, and is capable of rotating around its own axis. The drive shaft is axially arranged along the drainage pipe, with one end coaxially connected to the turbine to rotate with it. The scraper assembly is located on the side of the drive shaft away from the turbine, and is drively connected to the drive shaft, with its scraping portion contacting or adjacent to the bottom of the drainage pipe's inner wall. A component is positioned between the drive shaft and the scraper assembly. A component is mounted on the one-way transmission component and drives the component. The one-way transmission component has a disengaged state and an engaged state. The trigger is used to drive the one-way transmission component from the disengaged state to the engaged state when the turbine speed reaches a preset speed, so that the rotation of the drive shaft is transmitted to the scraper assembly, thereby causing the scraper assembly to scrape away the deposits at the bottom of the drainage pipe. Furthermore, a turbine is installed inside the drain pipe and located in the water flow channel. Under the action of water flow, it rotates around its own axis, driving the coaxially connected drive shaft to rotate synchronously along the axial direction of the drain pipe. At the same time, a scraper assembly located on the side of the drive shaft away from the turbine is connected to the drive shaft, so that the scraping part of the scraper assembly is in contact with or adjacent to the bottom of the inner wall of the drain pipe. Through the cooperation of a one-way transmission component and a trigger component located between the drive shaft and the scraper assembly, when the turbine speed reaches the preset speed, the one-way transmission component is driven to switch from a disengaged state to an engaged state, thereby transmitting the rotation of the drive shaft to the scraper assembly to scrape off the sediment at the bottom of the drain pipe. This realizes automatic cleaning of sediment in the drain pipe using water flow power, avoiding manual entry into the drain pipe for cleaning and solving the problem of difficult drain pipe maintenance.

[0057] It should be understood that the application of this application is not limited to the examples above. Those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A tunnel drainage pipe anti-clogging device based on hydrodynamic self-cleaning, used for cleaning drainage pipes, characterized in that, The tunnel drainage pipe anti-clogging device based on hydrodynamic self-cleaning includes: A turbine, which is installed inside a drain pipe and located in a water flow channel, and is capable of rotating about its own axis; A drive shaft is provided along the axial direction of the drain pipe, and one end of the drive shaft is coaxially connected to the turbine so as to rotate with the turbine. A scraper assembly is disposed on the side of the drive shaft away from the turbine. The scraper assembly is connected to the drive shaft, and the scraping part of the scraper assembly is in contact with or adjacent to the bottom of the inner wall of the drain pipe. A one-way transmission component, wherein the one-way transmission component is disposed between the transmission shaft and the scraper assembly; A trigger element is disposed on the one-way transmission element and engages with the one-way transmission element in a transmission manner; The unidirectional transmission component has a disengaged state and an engaged state; The trigger is used to drive the one-way transmission component to switch from the disengaged state to the engaged state when the turbine speed reaches a preset speed, so that the rotation of the transmission shaft is transmitted to the scraper assembly, thereby driving the scraper assembly to scrape off the deposits at the bottom of the drain pipe; the trigger includes: A counterweight, wherein the counterweight is configured to slide in a radial direction perpendicular to the axis of the transmission shaft; An elastic element, one end of which is fixed to the inner structure of the one-way transmission element, and the other end is connected to the counterweight, for applying an elastic restoring force toward the radially inward side to the counterweight; A protruding block, wherein the protruding block is disposed at the outer end of the counterweight; the one-way transmission component includes: Inner ring, which is fixedly connected to the drive shaft; The middle ring is fixedly connected to the inner ring and rotates synchronously with the drive shaft; the middle ring is provided with a guide groove, which is used for radial limiting and guiding of the counterweight. An outer ring, which is sleeved on the outside of the middle ring and fixedly connected to the scraper assembly; The outer ring has at least one circumferentially arranged groove on its inner sidewall, which is used to engage with the protrusion. When the turbine speed is lower than the preset speed, the counterweight is held in a radially inward position under the action of the elastic element, so that the protrusion is separated from the groove, and thus no torque is transmitted between the middle ring and the outer ring. When the turbine speed reaches or exceeds the preset speed, the counterweight moves radially outward under the action of centrifugal force, causing the protrusion to embed into the fitting groove, thereby establishing a torque transmission connection between the middle ring and the outer ring.

2. The tunnel drainage pipe anti-clogging device based on hydrodynamic self-cleaning according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scraper assembly includes a scraper body and a counterweight disposed at the other end of the scraper body. The scraper body extends radially and is disposed toward the inner wall of the drain pipe. The counterweight is disposed on the side away from the scraping end to improve the rotational inertia and scraping stability of the scraper assembly.

3. The tunnel drainage pipe anti-clogging device based on hydrodynamic self-cleaning according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tunnel drainage pipe anti-clogging device based on hydrodynamic self-cleaning also includes: Sealed bearings; A support frame is provided above the drain pipe. The support frame has a fixing hole, and a sealed bearing is fixedly installed in the fixing hole. The sealed bearing is used to connect and fix with the drive shaft.

4. The tunnel drainage pipe anti-clogging device based on hydrodynamic self-cleaning according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tunnel drainage pipe anti-clogging device based on hydrodynamic self-cleaning also includes: A protective baffle is fixedly installed below the support frame. The protective baffle is used to reduce the impact of debris in the water flow on the one-way transmission component.

5. The tunnel drainage pipe anti-clogging device based on hydrodynamic self-cleaning according to claim 4, characterized in that, The protective baffle is provided with several flow holes, which are used for water flow to pass through and to avoid obstructing the water flow. A collision protection block is provided on the drive shaft near the turbine, and the collision protection block is used to protect the turbine. The scraper body includes a scraper blade, which is arranged in an S-shape.

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