Highly weatherable insulating nanomaterials

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of insulating weather-resistant materials, and particularly relates to high-weather-resistant insulating nanomaterials. The high-weather-resistant insulating nanomaterials are prepared by preparing hollow zinc oxide by a carbon sphere template method and then coating the prepared nanomaterials with dopamine. The hollow zinc oxide structure has an elastic buffering effect, and the dopamine coating can improve the dispersibility of the nanometer zinc oxide, so that the high-weather-resistant insulating nanomaterials can maintain excellent insulating performance in a harsh environment. The high-weather-resistant insulating nanomaterials prepared by the application can be used in the case that the charged equipment is normally operated, have the characteristics of convenient construction, non-corrosion, strong adhesion and strong weather resistance, can prolong the service life of the equipment and reduce equipment operation failures, and can ensure the safe operation of the power equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of insulating and weather-resistant materials technology, specifically relating to high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterials. Background Technology

[0002] Overhead lines, as a crucial component of distribution networks, are complex in structure, widely distributed, aging, and operate under harsh conditions, posing significant safety hazards. Traditional insulation treatment for overhead conductors often involves manual installation of insulation sheaths during power outages, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and often fails to meet local insulation requirements. Furthermore, it suffers from problems such as inadequate sealing, water retention, easy aging and detachment, unpredictable loose connections, and interference with temperature monitoring. Therefore, research into live-line insulation coating technology is of great significance.

[0003] Live-line insulation coating technology is a technique that involves applying insulating materials to the surface of electrical equipment while it is energized, using specialized equipment, and allowing the material to cure naturally to form an insulating protective layer. Compared to traditional insulation upgrades that require power outages, live-line insulation coating technology can achieve line insulation without power interruption or replacement of conductors, reducing economic losses caused by power outages.

[0004] Chinese invention patent CN111349387B discloses a conductor insulating coating and a method for applying the conductive conductor insulating coating. The conductor insulating coating comprises component A and component B. Component A mainly consists of one or more of polyols, acrylates, isocyanates, isocyanate prepolymers, and isocyanate modifiers. Component B mainly consists of polyethers, porous metal oxide powder fillers, and room temperature vulcanizing silicone rubber. Components A and B are stored separately and mixed before use to obtain the conductor insulating coating. The method for applying the conductive conductor insulating coating involves brushing the coating onto transmission lines. This invention's conductor insulating coating has a short curing time, good film-forming properties, and simultaneously exhibits excellent adhesion, insulation, heat dissipation, weather resistance, and hydrophobic and stain resistance. The coating method is convenient, practical, and highly user-friendly. However, existing technologies lack the technical problem of further modifying the morphology and structure of the insulating material to improve the insulation and mechanical properties of highly weather-resistant insulating nanomaterials. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterials to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the morphology and structure of insulating materials are not further modified to improve the insulation and mechanical properties of high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterials.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: High weather-resistant insulating nanomaterials are prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts matrix resin, 30-35 parts solvent, 2-6 parts nano insulating material, 10-15 parts reinforcing material, 0.5-2 parts defoamer, 0.5-2 parts leveling agent and 6-10 parts curing agent; The matrix resin is any one of epoxy acrylic resin, fluorocarbon resin and organosilicon resin, the solvent is any one of toluene, ethyl acetate and propylene glycol butyl ether, and the reinforcing material is prepared by mixing fumed silica and nano calcium carbonate in a mass ratio of 1~2:8~9.

[0007] Preferably, the preparation method of the nano-insulating material includes the following steps: S11. Sucrose is dissolved in deionized water to prepare a sucrose solution. The solution is heated to a hydrothermal reaction. After the reaction is completed, the solution is cooled to room temperature. The solid is collected by vacuum filtration under reduced pressure, washed, dried, and ground to obtain a nano-carbon ball template. S12. Carbon sphere template, zinc acetate and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide are added to an ethanol aqueous solution, heated for hydrothermal reaction, the solid is collected by filtration, washed and dried, and the template is removed by calcination to obtain hollow nano zinc oxide. S13. Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane was dissolved in hydrochloric acid and diluted with deionized water to a pH of 8.5 to obtain a buffer solution. Hollow nano-zinc oxide and dopamine were added to the buffer solution, stirred at room temperature, filtered and washed, and then vacuum dried to obtain nano-insulating material.

[0008] Preferably, the concentration of the sucrose solution in S11 is 0.5~0.55g / mL, the temperature is raised to 190~210℃ and the reaction is carried out for 1.5~2.5h, followed by washing with deionized water and ethanol in sequence, and drying at 50~60℃.

[0009] Preferably, the concentration of the ethanol aqueous solution in S12 is 50%, and the mass ratio of carbon ball template, zinc acetate and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide is 1~2:20~25:0.5~1. The mixture is heated to 40~50℃ and reacted for 10~12h. It is then washed with deionized water, dried under vacuum at 60~65℃, and calcined at 550~600℃ for 1~2h.

[0010] Preferably, the ratio of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, 3.6% hydrochloric acid and deionized water in S13 is (1.5~1.51) g : (14~15) mL : (290~300) mL, the mass ratio of hollow nano zinc oxide and dopamine is 1:2~3, the reaction is carried out at room temperature for 24~36 h, and then vacuum dried at 60~65℃.

[0011] The preparation method of highly weather-resistant insulating nanomaterials includes the following steps: S1. Add the base resin, solvent, defoamer, and leveling agent to a mixing tank and stir at low speed. Then add the nano-insulating material and reinforcing material and stir and mix ultrasonically to obtain a weather-resistant insulating coating. S2. After adding the weather-resistant insulating coating to the curing agent, the coating is sprayed and cured to obtain a high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial.

[0012] Preferably, in step S1, the mixture is stirred at a low speed of 300-500 rpm for 1-3 minutes, and then ultrasonically stirred at a power of 30-50W for 10-15 minutes.

[0013] Preferably, the curing agent added to S2 should be applied by spraying within 20 to 30 minutes.

[0014] The application of high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterials is used for the curing of pole-mounted switch heads, pole-mounted transformer heads, high-speed railway contact networks, and switch distribution cabinets under 35kV conditions during live-line construction.

[0015] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention prepares nano-hollow zinc oxide using a carbon sphere template method, and then coats it with dopamine to obtain a nano-insulating material. The hollow zinc oxide structure can effectively reduce the overall dielectric constant of the material, and the hollow structure has an elastic buffering effect, which can disperse the mechanical stress generated during bending of the high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial. The dopamine coating can improve the dispersibility of the nano-zinc oxide, and the benzene ring structure of dopamine can delay aging by absorbing the free radicals generated by the side groups of the molecular chain when the matrix resin is heated, so as to maintain the excellent insulation performance of the high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial in harsh environments.

[0016] 2. The base resin of this invention has excellent electrical insulation properties. The reinforcing material, which is made by mixing fumed silica and nano-calcium carbonate, improves the thixotropy of the coating by forming a hydrogen bond network between the fumed silica and the resin molecules. The nano-calcium carbonate can be dispersed into the base resin, improving the adhesion and hardness of the high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial. The high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial prepared by this invention can be used under normal operating conditions of electrical equipment. It has the characteristics of easy construction, non-corrosiveness, strong adhesion, and strong weather resistance, which can extend the service life of equipment, reduce equipment failure, and ensure the safe operation of power equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] The leveling agent involved in this invention is model BYK-323, and the defoamer is model Z-879.

[0019] Example 1: The high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial of this example is prepared from the following raw materials: 55g matrix resin, 35g solvent, 3g nano insulating material, 10g reinforcing material, 0.5g defoamer, 0.5g leveling agent and 10g curing agent. The matrix resin is epoxy acrylic resin of type D515-400, the curing agent is type T31, the solvent is toluene, and the reinforcing material is fumed silica and nano calcium carbonate mixed at a mass ratio of 1:9.

[0020] The preparation method of the nano-insulating material in this embodiment includes the following steps: S11. Dissolve 100g of sucrose in 200mL of deionized water to prepare a sucrose solution. Heat the solution to 200℃ and react for 2h. After the reaction is complete, cool the solution to room temperature, collect the solid by vacuum filtration, wash the solid with deionized water and ethanol in sequence, dry it at 60℃, and grind it to obtain a carbon nanosphere template. S12. 1.5g of carbon ball template, 20g of zinc acetate and 0.5g of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide were added to 100mL of 50% ethanol aqueous solution, heated to 45℃ and reacted for 10h. The solid was collected by filtration, washed with deionized water, dried under vacuum at 60℃, and calcined at 5570℃ for 2h to remove the template, thus obtaining hollow nano zinc oxide. S13. Dissolve 1.51g of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane in 15mL of hydrochloric acid, then dilute with 300mL of deionized water to pH 8.5 to obtain a buffer solution. Add 1g of hollow nano-zinc oxide and 2.5g of dopamine to the buffer solution, stir and react at room temperature for 30h, filter, wash with deionized water, and vacuum dry at 60℃ to obtain nano-insulating material.

[0021] The preparation method of the high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial in this embodiment includes the following steps: S1. Add the base resin, solvent, defoamer, and leveling agent to a mixing tank and stir at a low speed of 500 rpm for 1 min. Then add the nano-insulating material and reinforcing material and stir ultrasonically at a power of 50W for 15 min to obtain the weather-resistant insulating coating. S2. After adding the weather-resistant insulating coating to the curing agent, the coating is sprayed and cured to obtain a high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial.

[0022] The application of the high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial in this embodiment is used for the curing of pole-mounted switch heads, pole-mounted transformer heads, high-speed railway contact networks, and switch distribution cabinets under 35kV conditions during live-line construction.

[0023] Example 2: The high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial of this example was prepared from the following raw materials: 50g of matrix resin, 30g of solvent, 4g of nano-insulating material, 12g of reinforcing material, 1g of defoamer, 1.5g of leveling agent and 7g of curing agent. The matrix resin is Kynar Flex 2800-00 fluorocarbon resin, the curing agent is isophorone diisocyanate trimer, the solvent is ethyl acetate, and the reinforcing material is prepared by mixing fumed silica and nano calcium carbonate in a mass ratio of 1.5:8.5.

[0024] The preparation method of the nano-insulating material in this embodiment includes the following steps: S11. Dissolve 100g of sucrose in 200mL of deionized water to prepare a sucrose solution. Heat the solution to 190℃ and react for 2.5h. After the reaction is complete, cool the solution to room temperature, collect the solid by vacuum filtration, wash the solid with deionized water and ethanol in sequence, dry it at 50℃, and grind it to obtain a carbon nanosphere template. S12. Add 2g of carbon ball template, 22g of zinc acetate and 1g of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide to 100mL of 50% ethanol aqueous solution, heat to 40℃ and react for 12h, filter to collect solid, wash with deionized water, dry under vacuum at 65℃, and calcine at 600℃ for 1h to remove template, and obtain hollow nano zinc oxide. S13. Dissolve 1.5g of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane in 14mL of hydrochloric acid, then dilute with 290mL of deionized water to pH 8.5 to obtain a buffer solution. Add 1g of hollow nano-zinc oxide and 2g of dopamine to the buffer solution, stir and react at room temperature for 24h, filter, wash with deionized water, and vacuum dry at 60℃ to obtain nano-insulating material.

[0025] The preparation method of the high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial in this embodiment includes the following steps: S1. Add the base resin, solvent, defoamer, and leveling agent to a mixing tank and stir at a low speed of 300 rpm for 1 min. Then add the nano-insulating material and reinforcing material and stir ultrasonically at a power of 50W for 10 min to obtain the weather-resistant insulating coating. S2. After adding the weather-resistant insulating coating to the curing agent, the coating is sprayed and cured to obtain a high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial.

[0026] The application of the high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial in this embodiment is used for the curing of pole-mounted switch heads, pole-mounted transformer heads, high-speed railway contact networks, and switch distribution cabinets under 35kV conditions during live-line construction.

[0027] Example 3: The high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial of this example is prepared from the following raw materials: 60g of matrix resin, 30g of solvent, 6g of nano insulating material, 15g of reinforcing material, 2g of defoamer, 2g of leveling agent and 8g of curing agent. The matrix resin is silicone resin AC-1000, the curing agent is KH-550, the solvent is propylene glycol butyl ether, and the reinforcing material is fumed silica and nano calcium carbonate mixed in a mass ratio of 2:8.

[0028] The preparation method of the nano-insulating material in this embodiment includes the following steps: S11. Dissolve 100g of sucrose in 200mL of deionized water to prepare a sucrose solution. Heat the solution to 210℃ and react for 1.5h. After the reaction is complete, cool the solution to room temperature, collect the solid by vacuum filtration, wash the solid with deionized water and ethanol in sequence, dry it at 60℃, and grind it to obtain a carbon nanosphere template. S12. Add 2g of carbon ball template, 30g of zinc acetate and 0.5g of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide to 120mL of 50% ethanol aqueous solution, heat to 50℃ and react for 12h, filter to collect solid, wash with deionized water, dry under vacuum at 65℃, and calcine at 550℃ for 2h to remove template, and obtain hollow nano zinc oxide. S13. Dissolve 1.51g of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane in 15mL of hydrochloric acid, then dilute with 300mL of deionized water to pH 8.5 to obtain a buffer solution. Add 1g of hollow nano-zinc oxide and 3g of dopamine to the buffer solution, stir and react at room temperature for 36h, filter, wash with deionized water, and vacuum dry at 65℃ to obtain nano-insulating material.

[0029] The preparation method of the high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial in this embodiment includes the following steps: S1. Add the base resin, solvent, defoamer, and leveling agent to a mixing tank and stir at a low speed of 400 rpm for 3 minutes. Then add the nano-insulating material and reinforcing material and stir ultrasonically at a power of 50W for 15 minutes to obtain the weather-resistant insulating coating. S2. After adding the weather-resistant insulating coating to the curing agent, the coating is sprayed and cured to obtain a high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial.

[0030] The application of the high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial in this embodiment is used for the curing of pole-mounted switch heads, pole-mounted transformer heads, high-speed railway contact networks, and switch distribution cabinets under 35kV conditions during live-line construction.

[0031] Comparative Example 1 differs from Example 1 in that the nano-insulating material is replaced with nano-zinc oxide with an average particle size of 100 nm.

[0032] Comparative Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that it does not contain nano-insulating materials.

[0033] Comparative Example 3 differs from Example 1 in that the reinforcing material is replaced with carbon black.

[0034] Performance testing The high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterials prepared in each embodiment and comparative example were sprayed onto the surface of a steel plate and naturally dried and cured to obtain test samples with a thickness of 10 μm.

[0035] The neutral salt spray resistance of the test samples prepared in each example and comparative example was tested according to GB / T 10125-2021 "Artificial Atmosphere Corrosion Test - Salt Spray Test". The test time was 500h and the concentration of sodium chloride aqueous solution was 50g / L.

[0036] The drying time of the test samples prepared in each example and comparative example was tested according to GB / T 1728-2020 "Determination of Drying Time of Paint Film and Putty Film".

[0037] The hardness of the test samples prepared in each example and comparative example was tested according to GB / T 6739-2022 "Determination of Hardness of Paints and Varnishes by Pencil Method".

[0038] The flexibility of the test samples prepared in each example and comparative example was tested according to GB / T 1731-2020 "Determination of Flexibility of Paint Film and Putty Film".

[0039] The adhesion of the test samples prepared in each example and comparative example was tested according to GB / T 5210-2018 "Paints and Varnishes - Pull-off Adhesion Test".

[0040] The volume resistivity of the test samples prepared in each embodiment and comparative example was tested according to GB / T 31838.2-2019 "Classification and Nomenclature of Magnetic Materials Part 2: Permanent Magnet Materials".

[0041] The electrical strength of the test samples prepared in each embodiment and comparative example was tested according to GB / T 1408.1-2016 "Test methods for electrical strength of insulating materials - Part 1: Test at power frequency".

[0042] The test results are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1 Test results of high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterials

[0043] As shown in the table above, the high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial prepared by this invention exhibits excellent salt spray resistance. During a 500-hour neutral salt spray test, it did not bubble, rust, or peel off, and the drying time was 3 hours, meeting construction requirements. In contrast, the reinforcing material in Comparative Example 3 was replaced with carbon black, lacking hydrogen bond cross-linking to aid film drying, resulting in a drying time of 4 hours, which affected the drying progress. The volume resistivity of the test samples prepared in Examples 1-3 was 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 13 ~1.2×10 13 Ω×m 3 The electrical strength is 57~59kV / mm, indicating that the high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial prepared by this invention has excellent insulation performance.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to specific implementations. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial, characterized in that, It is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts matrix resin, 30-35 parts solvent, 2-6 parts nano-insulating material, 10-15 parts reinforcing material, 0.5-2 parts defoamer, 0.5-2 parts leveling agent and 6-10 parts curing agent; The matrix resin is any one of epoxy acrylic resin, fluorocarbon resin and organosilicon resin, the solvent is any one of toluene, ethyl acetate and propylene glycol butyl ether, and the reinforcing material is prepared by mixing fumed silica and nano calcium carbonate in a mass ratio of 1~2:8~9.

2. The high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the nano-insulating material includes the following steps: S11. Sucrose is dissolved in deionized water to prepare a sucrose solution. The solution is heated to a hydrothermal reaction. After the reaction is completed, the solution is cooled to room temperature. The solid is collected by vacuum filtration under reduced pressure, washed, dried, and ground to obtain a nano-carbon ball template. S12. Carbon sphere template, zinc acetate and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide are added to an ethanol aqueous solution, heated for hydrothermal reaction, the solid is collected by filtration, washed and dried, and the template is removed by calcination to obtain hollow nano zinc oxide. S13. Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane was dissolved in hydrochloric acid and diluted with deionized water to a pH of 8.5 to obtain a buffer solution. Hollow nano-zinc oxide and dopamine were added to the buffer solution, stirred at room temperature, filtered and washed, and then vacuum dried to obtain nano-insulating material.

3. The high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial according to claim 2, characterized in that, In S11, the concentration of the sucrose solution is 0.5~0.55 g / mL. The reaction is carried out at 190~210℃ for 1.5~2.5 h, followed by washing with deionized water and ethanol, and drying at 50~60℃. In S12, the concentration of the ethanol-water solution is 50%, and the mass ratio of carbon sphere template, zinc acetate, and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide is 1~2:20~25:0.5~1. The reaction is carried out at 40~50℃ for 10~12 h, followed by washing with deionized water, vacuum drying at 60~65℃, and calcination at 550~600℃ for 1~2 h.

4. The high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ratio of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, 3.6% hydrochloric acid and deionized water in S13 is (1.5~1.51) g : (14~15) mL : (290~300) mL, the mass ratio of hollow nano zinc oxide and dopamine is 1:2~3, the reaction is carried out at room temperature for 24~36 h, and then vacuum dried at 60~65℃.

5. The method for preparing the high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Add the base resin, solvent, defoamer, and leveling agent to a mixing tank and stir at low speed. Then add the nano-insulating material and reinforcing material and stir and mix ultrasonically to obtain a weather-resistant insulating coating. S2. After adding the weather-resistant insulating coating to the curing agent, the coating is sprayed and cured to obtain a high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial.

6. The method for preparing high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterials according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S1, the mixture is stirred at a low speed of 300-500 rpm for 1-3 minutes, and then ultrasonically stirred at a power of 30-50W for 10-15 minutes. In step S2, the curing agent is added and the mixture is sprayed within 20-30 minutes.

7. The application of the high weather-resistant insulating nanomaterial according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Used for live-line curing of pole-mounted switch heads, pole-mounted transformer heads, high-speed railway contact networks, and switch distribution cabinets below 35kV.

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