A building structure crack width detection device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of detection devices, in particular to a building structure crack width detection equipment, which comprises an electric lifting platform, the rear end of the lifting plate of the electric lifting platform is rotationally connected with a base, a horizontal sensor is arranged on the inner side of the base, two mutually symmetrical electric sliding rails are arranged on the upper end of the base, a moving frame is arranged at the output ends of the two electric sliding rails, a detection mechanism for detecting a gap is arranged on the inner side of the moving frame, a visual sensor is responsible for capturing the position, direction and width of a crack, a sound wave sensor synchronously detects the internal depth and penetration state of the crack, a laser sensor real-time calibrates the detection distance, the three cooperate to form a surface-internal-space three-dimensional detection system, compared with the existing single visual or sound wave detection equipment, the key parameters of the crack can be comprehensively obtained, and the problem of missing detection caused by only detecting the surface and neglecting internal defects can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of detection device technology, specifically to a device for detecting the width of cracks in building structures. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of building structural safety monitoring, circular load-bearing columns, as core load-bearing components, have a typical irregular surface with their outer curved surface. Cracks on the column surface often exhibit irregular contours such as oblique or radial patterns. Accurate measurement of these irregular surfaces and contours is crucial for assessing structural safety. Traditional testing methods rely on subjective judgment when using handheld instruments, which can easily lead to measurement errors due to arbitrary measurement points and skewed angles. Furthermore, working at heights poses safety hazards. Existing automated testing equipment often uses a single-piece, nested structure that requires fitting the load-bearing column from the top or bottom. This cumbersome assembly and disassembly process makes it unsuitable for columns with limited top space or different diameters. Moreover, it lacks an adaptive centering mechanism for curved surfaces, and eccentricity can easily cause distortion of measurement parameters such as crack width and length.

[0003] Meanwhile, existing equipment mostly uses a single visual or acoustic detection module, making it difficult to simultaneously acquire full-dimensional data on the surface morphology and internal depth of cracks, thus posing a risk of missed detections. The fixed sensor angles cannot adapt to the extension trajectory of irregular cracks, resulting in blind spots. Furthermore, there is no pre-treatment mechanism designed for interference such as dust and stubborn particles within the cracks, and impurities can easily reduce the measurement accuracy of irregular contours. In addition, most equipment can only perform scanning in a single direction, making it difficult to achieve full coverage detection of curved surfaces, further affecting the comprehensiveness and accuracy of irregular contour measurements. Therefore, we propose a crack width detection device for building structures. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and solve at least one of the technical problems mentioned in the background art, the present invention proposes a building structure crack width detection device.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a building structure crack width detection device, including an electric lifting platform, a base rotatably connected to the rear end of the lifting plate of the electric lifting platform, a horizontal sensor arranged on the inner side of the base, a first motor installed at the rear end of the lifting plate of the electric lifting platform, the output shaft of the first motor fixedly connected to the base, two mutually symmetrical electric slide rails installed at the upper end of the base, a moving frame jointly arranged at the output ends of the two electric slide rails, and a detection mechanism for detecting cracks arranged on the inner side of the moving frame, the detection mechanism including a visual positioning detection mechanism. The visual inspection component includes a first assembly box fixedly connected to a movable frame. Multiple limiting rollers are rotatably connected to the inner side of the first assembly box via a rotating shaft. A lower C-shaped plate is rotatably connected to the outer side of the multiple limiting rollers. The multiple limiting rollers together provide circumferential limiting and guiding for the lower C-shaped plate. At least two second electric push rods are longitudinally arranged on the inner side of the lower C-shaped plate. The output shafts of the two second electric push rods are fixedly connected to an upper C-shaped plate. A second assembly box is fixedly connected to the upper end of the upper C-shaped plate. A visual sensor is installed at the front end of the second assembly box through a through hole.

[0006] Preferably, a second motor is installed at the upper end of the first assembly box, a first pulley is rotatably connected to the inner side of the first assembly box, the upper end of the first pulley is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor, a synchronous belt is rotatably connected to the outer side of the first pulley, a plurality of second pulleys are rotatably connected to the inner side of the synchronous belt, the upper and lower ends of the second pulleys are rotatably connected to the inner side of the first assembly box through a rotating shaft, a rubber coating is provided on the outer side of the synchronous belt, the outer side of the lower C-shaped plate is in contact with the synchronous belt, a plurality of first electric push rods are arranged laterally on the inner side of the lower C-shaped plate, a pressure sensor is provided inside the first electric push rod, and a calibration pressure plate is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first electric push rod.

[0007] Preferably, the detection mechanism further includes an acoustic detection component for detecting the depth inside the crack. The acoustic detection component includes a partition fixedly connected to the inner side of the second assembly box. A third motor is installed at the rear end of the partition. A first gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third motor. Two mutually symmetrical second gears are meshed on the outer side of the first gear. A deflector is fixedly connected to the same position at the front end of each of the two second gears. An adjustment plate is rotatably connected to the outer side of the two deflectors.

[0008] Preferably, an electromagnetic ring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the second assembly box. The front end of the electromagnetic ring is rotatably connected to a spherical shell through magnetic attraction. The spherical shell is made of metal magnetic material. A bolt cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner side of the spherical shell. The inner side of the bolt cylinder is locked and fixed to the housing thread of the vision sensor by screws. The rear end of the spherical shell is fixedly connected to the adjustment plate through a flexible pull rod.

[0009] Preferably, a mounting ring is fixedly connected to the front end of the second assembly box, and a plurality of acoustic wave sensors are arranged around the front end of the mounting ring. The rear end of the housing of the acoustic wave sensors is rotatably connected to the mounting ring via a rotating shaft. Push plates are fixedly connected to the adjacent sides of the housings of the plurality of acoustic wave sensors. The adjacent ends of the plurality of push plates are in contact with the outer side of the spherical shell. Springs are provided on the adjacent sides of the plurality of acoustic wave sensors. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the housing of the acoustic wave sensor, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the mounting ring.

[0010] Preferably, both sides of the second assembly box are provided with cleaning mechanisms for cleaning impurities in the gaps. The cleaning mechanism includes a dust removal component for cleaning surface dust and a particulate cleaning component for cleaning hard particles in the cracks.

[0011] Preferably, symmetrical assembly compartments are fixedly connected to both sides of the second assembly box. A third gear is rotatably connected to the inner side of the assembly compartment via a rotating shaft. The outer sides of the two third gears are respectively meshed with a second gear that is close to each other. A rotating plate is fixedly connected to the front end of the third gear, and a sliding groove rod is fixedly connected to the front end of the rotating plate.

[0012] Preferably, a third electric actuator is installed at the lower end of the slide bar, the output shaft of the third electric actuator passes through the slide bar, a slider is slidably connected to the inner side of the slide bar, the front end of the slider is rotatably connected to a T-shaped sleeve through a rotating shaft, and the output shaft of the third electric actuator is fixedly connected to the slider.

[0013] Preferably, symmetrical support frames are fixedly connected to both sides of the second assembly box. A fixed rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inner side of the support frame. Multiple connecting rods are fixedly connected to the outer side of the fixed rotating shaft through a sleeve. An air jet is provided at the front end of each connecting rod. An adjusting rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the rear end of the multiple connecting rods. The outer side of the adjusting rotating shaft is slidably connected to the T-shaped sleeve.

[0014] Preferably, a fixed sleeve is fixedly connected to the outer side of the fixed rotating shaft, a laser sensor is fixedly installed on the outer side of the fixed sleeve near the front, a fourth motor is installed on the outer side of the fixed sleeve near one side via a bracket, the output shaft of the fourth motor is fixedly connected to a fourth electric push rod via a coupling, and the output shaft of the fourth electric push rod is fixedly connected to multiple flexible scraper rods.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a device for detecting the width of cracks in building structures, which has the following advantages: 1. Through the opening structure of the lower C-shaped plate, in conjunction with the first electric push rod, calibration plate and built-in pressure sensor, it can be laterally clamped to the outside of the circular load-bearing column without having to be inserted from the top of the column, making disassembly and assembly convenient; by using the feedback of the extension difference of multiple sets of first electric push rods, combined with the electric slide rail driving the moving frame to make fine adjustments back and forth, the equipment can be coaxially centered with load-bearing columns of different diameters. Compared with existing fixed diameter detection equipment, it has a wider range of compatibility and higher centering accuracy, avoiding detection distortion caused by eccentricity; The horizontal sensor inside the base, in conjunction with the first motor, can correct tilt deviations caused by uneven ground in real time, ensuring that the equipment always operates horizontally; the second electric push rod drives the upper C-shaped plate to extend and retract vertically, which can adapt to detection scenarios with limited top space and overcome the stringent requirements of existing equipment for installation space; the vertical lifting of the electric lifting platform and the circumferential rotation of the lower C-shaped plate are linked to achieve spiral full-coverage scanning, which has no blind spots compared to existing single-direction detection equipment.

[0016] 2. The visual sensor is responsible for capturing the location, direction and width of the crack, the acoustic sensor simultaneously detects the depth and continuity of the crack, and the laser sensor calibrates the detection distance in real time. The three work together to form a three-dimensional detection system of surface-internal-space. Compared with existing single visual or acoustic detection equipment, it can comprehensively obtain the key parameters of the crack and avoid the problem of missing detection when only the surface is detected and internal defects are ignored. The third motor drives the gear set to link the skew rod and the adjustment plate, which in turn drives the spherical shell to swing in multiple directions through the flexible pull rod, thereby realizing multi-angle scanning of the vision sensor. At the same time, when the spherical shell swings, it pushes the push plate, which drives the acoustic sensor to rotate adaptively. With the help of the spring, it automatically resets, ensuring that the acoustic detection and visual detection cover the crack extension area simultaneously. Compared with the existing fixed angle sensor, it can accurately capture irregular cracks such as oblique and radial cracks, reducing the detection blind zone. The cleaning mechanism's dust removal component outputs high-pressure airflow through a jet nozzle, which, in conjunction with the flexible scraper of the particulate matter cleaning component, removes floating dust, cobwebs, and stubborn particles from cracks. Compared to existing direct detection equipment, this avoids false detections and accuracy reduction caused by impurities obscuring the sensor probe, providing a prior guarantee for the accuracy of detection data.

[0017] 3. Through the linkage control of the second motor and the electric lifting platform, the detection mechanism is driven to perform a spiral full-coverage scan along the surface of the load-bearing column. There is no need for manual hand-held instrument movement or scaffolding. Compared with the existing manual detection method, it not only greatly improves the detection efficiency, but also avoids the problems of arbitrary measurement points and angle deviation caused by manual operation. The detection data is more consistent and has stronger traceability. When the visual sensor detects a crack, the equipment automatically stops lifting and rotating, and starts a special inspection process. Through multi-angle scanning by the visual sensor and depth detection by the acoustic sensor, the range of the crack and the degree of the defect are accurately located. The third electric push rod can adjust the swing range of the jet head to adapt to the cleaning of impurities in cracks of different sizes. Compared with existing general-purpose inspection equipment, it is more targeted and has better inspection efficiency and accuracy. All inspection and cleaning actions are non-contact or flexible, avoiding secondary damage to the load-bearing column structure; the equipment operates fully automatically, eliminating the need for personnel to make close contact with the load-bearing columns at heights. Compared with existing manual scaffolding inspections, it completely eliminates safety hazards such as falls and collisions from heights, significantly improving operational safety. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the overall structure of the detection mechanism and cleaning mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a top-view cross-sectional view of a portion of the visual inspection component of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a portion of the visual inspection component of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the acoustic wave detection component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the acoustic wave detection component of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the acoustic wave detection component of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 8 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of a portion of the acoustic wave detection component of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a portion of the cleaning mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of a portion of the cleaning mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the cleaning mechanism of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a top view schematic diagram of the overall structure of the particulate matter cleaning component of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Electric lifting platform; 2. Base; 3. First motor; 4. Electric slide rail; 5. Moving frame; 6. Detection mechanism; 61. Vision inspection component; 611. First assembly box; 612. Second motor; 613. First pulley; 614. Synchronous belt; 615. Second pulley; 616. Limiting roller; 617. Lower C-shaped plate; 618. First electric push rod; 619. Calibration pressure plate; 6110. Second electric push rod; 6111. Upper C-shaped plate; 6112. Second assembly box; 6113. Vision sensor; 62. Acoustic wave detection component; 621. Partition plate; 622. Third motor; 623. First gear; 624. Second gear; 625. Skew rod; 626. Adjusting plate 627. Electromagnetic ring; 628. Spherical shell; 629. Bolt sleeve; 6210. Mounting ring; 6211. Acoustic sensor; 6212. Push plate; 6213. Spring; 7. Cleaning mechanism; 71. Dust removal assembly; 711. Assembly chamber; 712. Third gear; 713. Rotating plate; 714. Slide bar; 715. Third electric push rod; 716. Slider; 717. T-sleeve; 718. Support frame; 719. Fixed rotating shaft; 7110. Connecting rod; 7111. Jet nozzle; 7112. Adjusting rotating shaft; 72. Particulate matter cleaning assembly; 721. Fixed sleeve; 722. Laser sensor; 723. Fourth electric push rod; 724. Fourth motor; 725. Flexible scraper. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0021] The following electrical components are all electrically connected via an external PLC controller.

[0022] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 12 A building structure crack width detection device includes an electric lifting platform 1. The rear end of the lifting plate of the electric lifting platform 1 is rotatably connected to a base 2. A horizontal sensor is installed on the inner side of the base 2. A first motor 3 is installed at the rear end of the lifting plate of the electric lifting platform 1. The output shaft of the first motor 3 is fixedly connected to the base 2. Two mutually symmetrical electric slide rails 4 are installed at the upper end of the base 2. The output ends of the two electric slide rails 4 are jointly provided with a movable frame 5. A detection mechanism 6 for detecting cracks is provided on the inner side of the movable frame 5.

[0023] In this embodiment, the detection mechanism 6 includes a visual detection component 61 for visual positioning detection. The visual detection component 61 includes a first assembly box 611 fixedly connected to the movable frame 5. The inner side of the first assembly box 611 is rotatably connected to a plurality of limiting rollers 616 via a rotating shaft. The outer sides of the plurality of limiting rollers 616 are rotatably connected to a lower C-shaped plate 617. The plurality of limiting rollers 616 together provide circumferential limiting and guiding for the lower C-shaped plate 617. At least two second electric push rods 6110 are longitudinally arranged on the inner side of the lower C-shaped plate 617. The output shafts of the two second electric push rods 6110 are fixedly connected to an upper C-shaped plate 6111. The upper end of the upper C-shaped plate 6111 is fixedly connected to a second assembly box 6112. The front end of the second assembly box 6112 is provided with a visual sensor 6113 through a through hole.

[0024] Specifically, the visual inspection component 61 completes crack location and appearance inspection operations based on visual acquisition. The first assembly box 611 serves as the load-bearing base, providing installation space and structural support for the internal rotating components. Multiple limiting rollers 616 are arranged around the lower C-shaped plate 617, providing rotational support and acting as sliding limits and motion guides to ensure smooth and stable rotation of the lower C-shaped plate 617. The lower C-shaped plate 617 adopts a C-shaped encircling structure, which can be adapted to the outer encircling arrangement of the circular load-bearing column and perform circumferential rotation. The second electric actuator 6110 can drive the upper C-shaped plate 6111 to perform vertical extension and retraction adjustment to adapt to different detection conditions of the top space. The upper C-shaped plate 6111 is used to fix and support the second assembly box 6112 and moves synchronously with the lower C-shaped plate 617. The second assembly box 6112 provides a sealed installation carrier for the front-end detection components. The vision sensor 6113 is installed through the front end of the second assembly box 6112 to collect images of the outer wall of the column in real time, identify the location, direction and width of cracks, and complete accurate visual detection.

[0025] In this embodiment, a second motor 612 is installed on the upper end of the first assembly box 611. A first pulley 613 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the first assembly box 611. The upper end of the first pulley 613 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor 612. A synchronous belt 614 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the first pulley 613. A plurality of second pulleys 615 are rotatably connected to the inner side of the synchronous belt 614. The upper and lower ends of the second pulleys 615 are rotatably connected to the inner side of the first assembly box 611 through a rotating shaft. A rubber coating is provided on the outer side of the synchronous belt 614. The outer side of the lower C-shaped plate 617 is in contact with the synchronous belt 614. A plurality of first electric push rods 618 are arranged laterally on the inner side of the lower C-shaped plate 617. A pressure sensor is provided inside the first electric push rod 618. A calibration pressure plate 619 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first electric push rod 618.

[0026] Specifically, the second motor 612 provides rotational power for the overall pulley transmission structure. The first pulley 613 and the second pulley 615 are fitted with a synchronous belt 614 to form a closed-loop transmission structure. The rubber coating on the outside of the synchronous belt 614 can increase the friction of the contact surface. The friction drives the lower C-shaped plate 617 to move around. The limiting roller shaft 616 limits and constrains the lower C-shaped plate 617 to ensure smooth circumferential rotation. The first electric push rod 618 is used to drive the extension and retraction of the calibration pressure plate 619. The built-in pressure sensor senses the contact pressure in real time to assist in completing the coaxial positioning calibration of the equipment and the circular load-bearing column.

[0027] In this embodiment, the detection mechanism 6 further includes an acoustic detection component 62 for detecting the depth inside the crack. The acoustic detection component 62 includes a partition 621 fixedly connected to the inner side of the second assembly box 6112. A third motor 622 is installed at the rear end of the partition 621. A first gear 623 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third motor 622. Two mutually symmetrical second gears 624 are meshed on the outer side of the first gear 623. A deflector rod 625 is fixedly connected to the same position at the front end of each of the two second gears 624. An adjustment plate 626 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the two deflector rods 625.

[0028] Specifically, the partition 621 is used to separate the assembly space and realize the partitioned layout and installation of components. The third motor 622 provides power for gear rotation. The first gear 623 plays the role of power transmission and meshing transmission, synchronously driving two sets of second gears 624 to rotate in opposite directions. The skew rod 625 follows the second gear 624 to make eccentric circular motion, which links the traction adjustment plate 626 to form a reciprocating deflection action, providing a mechanical power source for sensor angle adjustment.

[0029] In this embodiment, an electromagnetic ring 627 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the second assembly box 6112. The front end of the electromagnetic ring 627 is rotatably connected to a spherical shell 628 through magnetic attraction. The spherical shell 628 is made of metal magnetic material. A bolt cylinder 629 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the spherical shell 628. The inner side of the bolt cylinder 629 is locked and fixed to the housing thread of the vision sensor 6113 by screws. The rear end of the spherical shell 628 is fixedly connected to the adjustment plate 626 through a flexible pull rod.

[0030] Specifically, the electromagnetic ring 627 uses magnetic attraction to limit and support the spherical shell 628, while also meeting the multi-angle rotation adjustment requirements of the spherical shell 628. The spherical shell 628, made of metal magnetic material, is adapted to the magnetic attraction structure. The bolt cylinder 629 realizes the stable assembly and fixation of the vision sensor 6113. The flexible pull rod transmits the deflection displacement of the adjustment plate 626, causing the spherical shell 628 to swing synchronously, realizing the multi-angle rotation detection of the vision sensor 6113.

[0031] In this embodiment, a mounting ring 6210 is fixedly connected to the front end of the second assembly box 6112. A plurality of acoustic wave sensors 6211 are arranged around the front end of the mounting ring 6210. The rear end of the housing of the acoustic wave sensor 6211 is rotatably connected to the mounting ring 6210 through a rotating shaft. A push plate 6212 is fixedly connected to one side of the housing of the plurality of acoustic wave sensors 6211 that is close to each other. One end of the push plate 6212 that is close to each other is attached to the outer side of the spherical shell 628. A spring 6213 is arranged on one side of the plurality of acoustic wave sensors 6211 that is close to each other. One end of the spring 6213 is fixedly connected to the shell of the acoustic wave sensor 6211, and the other end of the spring 6213 is fixedly connected to the mounting ring 6210.

[0032] Specifically, the mounting ring 6210 provides a surrounding mounting carrier for multiple sets of acoustic wave sensors 6211. The acoustic wave sensors 6211 are used to collect acoustic wave signals and detect the depth of cracks and internal defects. The push plate 6212 follows the sway of the spherical shell 628 and is passively moved by the force, which drives the acoustic wave sensors 6211 to adaptively rotate and adjust the detection angle. The spring 6213 relies on its own elastic deformation to realize the automatic reset of the acoustic wave sensors 6211 and the push plate 6212, ensuring the adaptive fitting condition of the detection structure.

[0033] In this embodiment, cleaning mechanisms 7 for cleaning impurities in gaps are provided on both sides of the second assembly box 6112. The cleaning mechanism 7 includes a dust removal component 71 for cleaning surface dust and a particulate cleaning component 72 for cleaning hard particles in the cracks.

[0034] Specifically, the cleaning mechanism 7 is arranged on both sides of the testing equipment to pre-treat impurities in the crack testing area. The dust removal component 71 is responsible for removing floating dust and debris from the surface of the column and the shallow layer of cracks. The particulate matter cleaning component 72 specifically removes hard residual particles inside the cracks, reducing impurities from obstructing and interfering with the process, and improving the accuracy of subsequent visual and acoustic testing.

[0035] In this embodiment, two symmetrical assembly chambers 711 are fixedly connected to both sides of the second assembly box 6112. The inner side of the assembly chamber 711 is rotatably connected to a third gear 712 via a rotating shaft. The outer sides of the two third gears 712 are respectively meshed with a second gear 624 that is close to each other. A rotating plate 713 is fixedly connected to the front end of the third gear 712. A sliding groove rod 714 is fixedly connected to the front end of the rotating plate 713.

[0036] Specifically, the assembly chamber 711 provides a sealed rotating installation space for the third gear 712. The third gear 712 meshes and links with the second gear 624, reusing the original power to achieve synchronous operation. The rotating plate 713 rotates synchronously with the third gear 712. The sliding rod 714 is fixed to the end of the rotating plate 713, providing a linear sliding guide structure for the sliding components.

[0037] In this embodiment, a third electric actuator 715 is installed at the lower end of the sliding rod 714. The output shaft of the third electric actuator 715 passes through the sliding rod 714. A slider 716 is slidably connected to the inner side of the sliding rod 714. A T-shaped sleeve 717 is rotatably connected to the front end of the slider 716 through a rotating shaft. The output shaft of the third electric actuator 715 is fixedly connected to the slider 716.

[0038] Specifically, the third electric actuator 715 is used to drive the slider 716 to slide along the inside of the slide bar 714 to adjust the installation position of the slider 716. The T-shaped sleeve 717 is movably assembled at the front end of the slider 716 and changes the eccentricity with the slider 716, thereby adjusting the reciprocating swing stroke of the cleaning component to adapt to cleaning operations with different column diameters and crack sizes.

[0039] In this embodiment, symmetrical support frames 718 are fixedly connected to both sides of the second assembly box 6112. A fixed rotating shaft 719 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the support frame 718. Multiple connecting rods 7110 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the fixed rotating shaft 719 through a sleeve. An air nozzle 7111 is provided at the front end of the connecting rod 7110. An adjusting rotating shaft 7112 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the multiple connecting rods 7110. The outer side of the adjusting rotating shaft 7112 is slidably connected to the T-shaped sleeve 717.

[0040] Specifically, the support frame 718 provides a rotational support reference for the fixed rotating shaft 719, the fixed rotating shaft 719 serves as the swing center shaft, the connecting rod 7110 plays the role of transmission connection and force arm transmission, the jet head 7111 outputs high-pressure airflow to complete the cleaning of crack dust and loose particles, the adjusting rotating shaft 7112 slides with the T-shaped sleeve 717 to convert the eccentric rotation into reciprocating swing, driving the dust removal structure to perform periodic swing operation.

[0041] In this embodiment, a fixed sleeve 721 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the fixed rotating shaft 719. A laser sensor 722 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the fixed sleeve 721 near the front. A fourth motor 724 is installed on the outer side of the fixed sleeve 721 near one side via a bracket. The output shaft of the fourth motor 724 is fixedly connected to a fourth electric push rod 723 via a coupling. The output shaft of the fourth electric push rod 723 is fixedly connected to multiple flexible scraper rods 725.

[0042] Specifically, the fixed sleeve 721 integrates and fixes various detection and cleaning accessories, the laser sensor 722 detects the distance between the outer walls of the column in real time, and completes distance calibration and position correction, the fourth motor 724 provides rotational drive power, and the fourth electric push rod 723 can drive the flexible scraper 725 to extend and retract to approach the crack position. The flexible scraper 725 removes stubborn hard particles inside the crack that cannot be cleaned by airflow by rotating and flicking.

[0043] Working principle: During use, the electric lifting platform 1 is first moved to the side of the circular load-bearing column to be tested, and the overall position of the equipment is adjusted so that the C-shaped opening of the first assembly box 611 faces the load-bearing column, and the load-bearing column is within the encircling range of the lower C-shaped plate 617, completing the initial positioning. Then, multiple first electric push rods 618 on the inner side of the lower C-shaped plate 617 are activated, and their output shafts push the calibration pressure plate 619 closer to and tightly fit against the outer wall of the load-bearing column; through the feedback signal of the pressure sensor inside each first electric push rod 618, the difference in the extension amount of the calibration pressure plate 619 in different directions is obtained, thereby determining the eccentricity between the axis of the first assembly box 611 and the axis of the load-bearing column, and then the electric lifting platform 1 is moved for coarse adjustment. For higher precision centering, the electric slide rail 4 can be activated, and the moving frame 5 can be used to move the first assembly box 611 back and forth for fine adjustment until the axis of the first assembly box 611 is approximately aligned with the axis of the load-bearing column. After centering is completed, the first electric push rod 618 is reset to separate the calibration plate 619 from the outer wall of the load-bearing column, ensuring that the lower C-shaped plate 617 and the load-bearing column have sufficient operating space for testing and cleaning, and then the test preparation state can be entered. The detection phase begins by operating the vision detection component 61 in the detection mechanism 6: The second motor 612 at the top of the first assembly box 611 is activated, its output shaft drives the first pulley 613 to rotate. The first pulley 613 drives multiple second pulleys 615 to rotate synchronously via a synchronous belt 614. Under the combined guiding and limiting action of the second pulleys 615 and multiple limiting rollers 616, the synchronous belt 614, through the friction between its outer rubber coating and the outer wall of the lower C-shaped plate 617, drives the lower C-shaped plate 617 to move smoothly 360° around the load-bearing column. As the lower C-shaped plate 617 rotates, the second electric push rod 6110 and the upper C-shaped plate 6111 drive the second assembly box 6112 and the vision sensor 6113 to move synchronously circumferentially. Simultaneously, the electric lifting platform 1 is activated for uniform vertical lifting, causing the second assembly box 6112 to drive each detection component to perform a spiral full-coverage scanning detection along the surface of the load-bearing column. When the vision sensor 6113 detects a crack, it immediately stops the lifting action of the electric lifting platform 1 and the circumferential rotation of the lower C-shaped plate 617, and enters the crack-specific detection process: the third motor 622 inside the second assembly box 6112 is started, and its output shaft drives the first gear 623 to rotate. The first gear 623 drives two symmetrically arranged second gears 624 to rotate synchronously in opposite directions at the front end of the partition plate 621 through meshing transmission. When the second gear 624 rotates, it drives the deflection rod 625 to make eccentric circular motion. The two deflection rods 625 together drive the adjustment plate 626 to reciprocate in an elliptical trajectory. The adjustment plate 626 pulls the spherical shell 628 through the flexible traction rod. Under the magnetic attraction of the electromagnetic ring 627, the spherical shell 628 achieves multi-directional deflection rotation, which in turn drives the internal vision sensor 6113 to rotate and scan at multiple angles to accurately detect the extension length, direction and width data of the crack. At the same time, multiple acoustic sensors 6211 mounted on the front end of the mounting ring 6210 simultaneously perform acoustic detection on the crack area to obtain detection data on the depth of the crack and whether it is connected. When the spherical shell 628 is tilted at any angle, its outer wall will push the corresponding push plate 6212 to move in the same direction. The push plate 6212 drives the corresponding acoustic sensor 6211 to rotate around the shaft connected to the mounting ring 6210, and at the same time pulls open the spring 6213 on the outside of the acoustic sensor 6211. When the spherical shell 628 returns to its original position, the spring 6213 pulls the acoustic sensor 6211 and the push plate 6212 to return to their original positions under the action of elastic force, ensuring that the acoustic sensor 6211 always adapts to the detection trajectory and synchronously expands the acoustic detection coverage of the crack area. When there are interfering objects such as cobwebs, dust, or loose particles in the crack, which may affect the accuracy of visual and acoustic detection, the cleaning mechanism 7 is activated for auxiliary cleaning: When the second gear 624 rotates, it drives the third gear 712 inside the assembly chamber 711 to rotate synchronously through meshing transmission. The third gear 712 drives the rotating plate 713 to rotate synchronously. The rotating plate 713 drives the slider 716 and the T-shaped sleeve 717 to make circular motion through the sliding rod 714. The T-shaped sleeve 717 pulls the adjusting shaft 7112 to deflect back and forth. The adjusting shaft 7112 drives the connecting rod 7110 to swing back and forth inside the support frame 718 with the fixed shaft 719 as the axis. This drives the jet head 7111 to continuously output high-pressure airflow to the crack area, blowing out sand, dust and other impurities in the crack. During this process, the fixed rotating shaft 719 drives the laser sensor 722 to perform real-time distance calibration on the outer wall of the load-bearing column through the fixed sleeve 721, dynamically calibrating the jet direction of the jet head 7111 to prevent the airflow from deviating from the crack area. If, based on the detection results of the visual sensor 6113 and the acoustic sensor 6211, it is determined that there are stubborn particles in the crack that cannot be removed by high-pressure airflow, the swing of the fixed rotating shaft 719 can be stopped, the fourth electric push rod 723 can be activated, and its output shaft can push the flexible scraper 725 close to the position of the stubborn particles. Then, the fourth motor 724 can be activated to drive the fourth electric push rod 723 and the flexible scraper 725 to rotate, dislodging and removing the stubborn particles in the crack, eliminating detection interference to improve the detection effect, and then continuing to complete the comprehensive detection of the crack area. For adaptation to special working conditions: When the crack area is large or the diameter of the load-bearing column is long, the third electric actuator 715 can be activated. Its output shaft drives the slider 716 to slide along the slide bar 714, changing the eccentric distance between the T-shaped sleeve 717 and the axis of the rotating plate 713. The longer the eccentric distance, the larger the swing range of the jet head 7111; the shorter the eccentric distance, the smaller the swing range of the jet head 7111, thus adapting to cracks and load-bearing columns of different sizes. When the top space of the testing environment is limited and the electric lifting platform 1 cannot continue to rise, the second electric actuator 6110 can be activated to raise the upper C-shaped plate 6111 to a suitable height, ensuring that the second assembly box 6112 and each testing component can cover the top testing area. When the ground of the testing site is uneven, the level sensor inside the base 2 provides real-time feedback of the tilt angle signal. The control system starts the first motor 3, driving the base 2 to rotate around the rotating connection with the lifting plate of the electric lifting platform 1 until the base 2 always remains horizontal, ensuring the stability of the equipment and the accuracy of the testing data during the testing process.

[0044] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the width of cracks in building structures, comprising an electric lifting platform (1), characterized in that: The electric lifting platform (1) has a base (2) rotatably connected to the rear end of its lifting plate. A horizontal sensor is provided on the inner side of the base (2). A first motor (3) is installed at the rear end of the lifting plate of the electric lifting platform (1). The output shaft of the first motor (3) is fixedly connected to the base (2). Two mutually symmetrical electric slide rails (4) are installed at the upper end of the base (2). A moving frame (5) is provided at the output end of the two electric slide rails (4). A detection mechanism (6) for detecting gaps is provided on the inner side of the moving frame (5). The detection mechanism (6) includes a visual detection component (61) for visual positioning detection. The visual detection component (61) includes a first assembly box (61) fixedly connected to the moving frame (5). 1) The inner side of the first assembly box (611) is rotatably connected to a plurality of limiting rollers (616) via a rotating shaft. The outer sides of the plurality of limiting rollers (616) are rotatably connected to a lower C-shaped plate (617). The plurality of limiting rollers (616) together provide circumferential limiting guidance to the lower C-shaped plate (617). At least two second electric push rods (6110) are longitudinally arranged on the inner side of the lower C-shaped plate (617). The output shafts of the two second electric push rods (6110) are fixedly connected to an upper C-shaped plate (6111). The upper end of the upper C-shaped plate (6111) is fixedly connected to a second assembly box (6112). The front end of the second assembly box (6112) is provided with a vision sensor (6113) through a through hole.

2. The building structure crack width detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second motor (612) is installed on the upper end of the first assembly box (611). A first pulley (613) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the first assembly box (611). The upper end of the first pulley (613) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor (612). A synchronous belt (614) is rotatably connected to the outer side of the first pulley (613). A plurality of second pulleys (615) are rotatably connected to the inner side of the synchronous belt (614). The upper and lower ends of the second pulleys (615) are rotatably connected to the inner side of the first assembly box (611) through a rotating shaft. A rubber coating is provided on the outer side of the synchronous belt (614). The outer side of the lower C-shaped plate (617) is in contact with the synchronous belt (614). A plurality of first electric push rods (618) are arranged laterally on the inner side of the lower C-shaped plate (617). A pressure sensor is provided inside the first electric push rod (618). A calibration pressure plate (619) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first electric push rod (618).

3. The building structure crack width detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection mechanism (6) also includes an acoustic detection component (62) for detecting the depth inside the crack. The acoustic detection component (62) includes a partition (621) fixedly connected to the inside of the second assembly box (6112). A third motor (622) is installed at the rear end of the partition (621). A first gear (623) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third motor (622). Two mutually symmetrical second gears (624) are meshed on the outer side of the first gear (623). A deflector (625) is fixedly connected at the same position at the front end of the two second gears (624). An adjustment plate (626) is rotatably connected to the outer side of the two deflectors (625).

4. The building structure crack width detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electromagnetic ring (627) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the second assembly box (6112). The front end of the electromagnetic ring (627) is rotatably connected to a spherical shell (628) through magnetic attraction. The spherical shell (628) is made of metal magnetic material. A bolt cylinder (629) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the spherical shell (628). The inner side of the bolt cylinder (629) is locked and fixed to the housing thread of the vision sensor (6113) by screws. The rear end of the spherical shell (628) is fixedly connected to the adjustment plate (626) through a flexible pull rod.

5. The building structure crack width detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the second assembly box (6112) is fixedly connected to an installation ring (6210). Multiple acoustic wave sensors (6211) are arranged around the front end of the installation ring (6210). The rear end of the housing of the acoustic wave sensor (6211) is rotatably connected to the installation ring (6210) through a rotating shaft. Push plates (6212) are fixedly connected to the side of the housing of the multiple acoustic wave sensors (6211) that are close to each other. The end of the push plates (6212) that are close to each other is attached to the outer side of the spherical shell (628). A spring (6213) is arranged on the side of the multiple acoustic wave sensors (6211) that are close to each other. One end of the spring (6213) is fixedly connected to the shell of the acoustic wave sensor (6211), and the other end of the spring (6213) is fixedly connected to the installation ring (6210).

6. The building structure crack width detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second assembly box (6112) is provided with cleaning mechanisms (7) for cleaning impurities in the gaps on both sides. The cleaning mechanism (7) includes a dust removal component (71) for cleaning surface dust and a particulate cleaning component (72) for cleaning hard particles in the cracks.

7. The building structure crack width detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second assembly box (6112) has symmetrical assembly compartments (711) fixedly connected to both sides. The inner side of the assembly compartment (711) is rotatably connected to a third gear (712) via a rotating shaft. The outer sides of the two third gears (712) are respectively meshed with a second gear (624) that is close to each other. The front end of the third gear (712) is fixedly connected to a rotating plate (713), and the front end of the rotating plate (713) is fixedly connected to a sliding groove rod (714).

8. The building structure crack width detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A third electric actuator (715) is installed at the lower end of the sliding rod (714). The output shaft of the third electric actuator (715) passes through the sliding rod (714). A slider (716) is slidably connected to the inner side of the sliding rod (714). A T-shaped sleeve (717) is rotatably connected to the front end of the slider (716) through a rotating shaft. The output shaft of the third electric actuator (715) is fixedly connected to the slider (716).

9. The building structure crack width detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second assembly box (6112) is fixedly connected to two symmetrical support frames (718) on both sides. The inner side of the support frame (718) is rotatably connected to a fixed shaft (719). The outer side of the fixed shaft (719) is fixedly connected to multiple connecting rods (7110) through a sleeve. The front end of the connecting rod (7110) is provided with a jet head (7111). The rear ends of the multiple connecting rods (7110) are fixedly connected to an adjusting shaft (7112). The outer side of the adjusting shaft (7112) is slidably connected to a T-shaped sleeve (717).

10. A building structure crack width detection device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A fixed sleeve (721) is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed rotating shaft (719). A laser sensor (722) is fixedly installed on the outside of the fixed sleeve (721) near the front. A fourth motor (724) is installed on the outside of the fixed sleeve (721) near one side via a bracket. The output shaft of the fourth motor (724) is fixedly connected to a fourth electric push rod (723) via a coupling. The output shaft of the fourth electric push rod (723) is fixedly connected to multiple flexible scrapers (725).

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