A device for measuring moisture content of forest floor combustible

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of forest surface combustible moisture content detection, and discloses a kind of determination device of forest surface combustible moisture content.The determination device of forest surface combustible moisture content includes: sampling part, into forest surface;Information detection, processing and control component, form the surface layer of combustible to be processed;Process processing component, the surface layer of combustible to be processed is formed after processing after processing the combustible residue;Process processing component includes, compression and weighing assembly;Information detection, processing and control component obtain the moisture content of forest surface combustible according to the weight information obtained by compression and weighing assembly.By applying the determination device of forest surface combustible moisture content described in the present application, the design of miniaturization is more convenient for carrying and operating the device, and the weight change of the surface layer of combustible to be processed before and after processing is monitored in stages, so that the moisture content of forest surface combustible is quickly and accurately determined.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of forest surface combustible moisture content detection technology, specifically, it relates to a device for measuring the moisture content of forest surface combustibles. Background Technology

[0002] Forest fires pose a serious threat to the ecological environment and the safety of human life and property. The moisture content of forest surface combustibles is one of the key factors influencing the occurrence, development, and spread of forest fires. Accurate and rapid measurement of the moisture content of forest surface combustibles is of great significance for the prevention, monitoring, and effective fighting of forest fires.

[0003] Currently, the primary method for determining the moisture content of forest combustibles is still the traditional drying method. This method requires sophisticated equipment, is cumbersome to operate, and is time-consuming, making it difficult to meet the needs of real-time monitoring in the field. Existing rapid testing instruments suffer from inaccuracies, high sample requirements, bulky and inaccessible equipment, making them unsuitable for complex field environments. Furthermore, they lack specificity for small forest combustibles on the ground surface and cannot effectively penetrate shallow layers to obtain representative samples for accurate measurement.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that can quickly, accurately, and easily operate in the field to measure the moisture content of forest surface combustibles in order to overcome the above problems.

[0005] In view of the above, this application is hereby submitted. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing measuring instruments, such as poor targeting of forest surface sampling, low efficiency of moisture content measurement, and inaccurate measurement. The purpose is to provide a device for measuring the moisture content of forest surface combustibles that can be quickly, accurately, and easily operated in the field.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a device for measuring the moisture content of forest surface combustibles, comprising: The sampling component, during the sampling phase, has at least partially inserted one end of the sampling component near the forest surface into the forest surface to obtain forest surface samples; The information detection, processing and control component is used to detect the stratification of the acquired forest surface sample and control the retention of the litter layer and humus layer in the forest surface sample to form a surface layer of combustible material to be processed. A process processing unit is located on the side of the sampling unit away from the forest surface. The process processing unit performs compression, drying, and grinding operations on the surface layer of the combustible material to be treated, resulting in processed combustible residue. During the sampling stage, the sampling unit rotates relative to the process processing unit. The process processing unit includes a compression and weighing assembly, which is used to compress the surface layer of the combustible material to be treated and to obtain the weight information of the surface layer and the processed combustible residue. The information detection, processing and control component obtains the moisture content of forest surface combustibles based on the weight information acquired by the process processing component.

[0008] After adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: by applying the forest surface combustible moisture content measuring device described in the present invention, the weight change of the surface layer of the combustible to be treated before and after treatment can be monitored in stages, so as to achieve rapid and accurate measurement of forest surface combustible moisture content.

[0009] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0010] The accompanying drawings, as part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the invention are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling component in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling component in an embodiment of the present invention from a frontal viewing angle; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure from the perspective of a section cut at point AA; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the process processing component in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure from the cross-sectional view at point BB; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting component in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting component from a side view in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure from the cross-sectional view at the CC section; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a device for measuring the moisture content of forest surface combustibles in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for measuring the moisture content of forest surface combustibles in an embodiment of the present invention, viewed from a side angle. Figure 11 for Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure from the perspective of a section cut at point DD.

[0011] Description of main components in the diagram: 1. Sampling component; 11. First part; 111. Sampling channel; 112. Transition groove; 12. Second part; 121. Blade; 122. Shielding plate; 13. Annular protrusion; 14. Second transmission gear; 15. Interval plate; 151. Second rack and pinion drive frame; 152. Fourth motor; 153. Telescopic structure; 2. Information detection, processing and control component; 21. Transmittance measuring component; 211. Light source emitter; 212. Transmittance detection sensor; 22. Information processing and overall control component; 3. Processing component; 31. Compression and weighing component; 311. Compression and weighing plate; 312. First rack and pinion drive frame; 313. 314. Rotary motor; 315. Third motor; 316. Telescopic connecting rod; 32. Heating assembly; 321. Heating wire; 322. Temperature control device; 33. Grinding assembly; 331. Grinding head; 34. Processing channel; 341. Connecting hole; 342. Guide rail; 35. Annular cavity; 351. Recessed groove; 36. Guide groove; 4. Drive component; 41. First motor; 411. First transmission gear; 42. Second motor; 5. Display component; 51. Display screen; 6. Support component; 61. Handle; 62. First receiving cavity; 63. Second receiving cavity; 64. Third receiving cavity; 641. First hole; 642. Second hole.

[0012] It should be noted that these accompanying drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the invention to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0013] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0014] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0015] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0016] The forest floor is divided into three layers from top to bottom: the litter layer, the humus layer, and the soil layer. The litter layer mainly consists of organic matter such as fallen leaves, dead branches, bark, fruits, and withered flowers from trees and other plants in the forest. The humus layer is a black or dark brown organic material layer gradually formed by the decomposition and transformation of litter by microorganisms and the breaking down and mixing by soil animals. Detecting the moisture content of the litter and humus layers is of great significance for the prevention, monitoring, and effective fighting of forest fires.

[0017] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, the device for measuring the moisture content of forest surface combustibles according to the present invention includes: Sampling component 1, during the sampling stage, at least part of the end of the sampling component 1 near the forest surface (by means of rotary drilling) extends into the forest surface to obtain forest surface samples; Information detection, processing and control component 2 is used to detect the stratification of the acquired forest surface sample and control the removal of the soil layer in the acquired forest surface sample, while retaining the litter layer and humus layer in the forest surface sample to form a combustible surface layer to be treated. The process processing unit 3 is located on the side of the sampling unit 1 away from the forest surface. The process processing unit 3 performs compression, drying, and grinding processes on the surface layer of the combustible material to be treated. After these processes, the surface layer forms processed combustible residue, which is in powder form. During the sampling stage, the sampling unit 1 rotates relative to the process processing unit 3, and (at least partially) penetrates the forest surface to collect samples. The process processing unit 3 includes a compression and weighing component 31, which is used to compress the surface layer of the combustible material to be treated and to obtain the weight information of the surface layer and the processed combustible residue. The information detection, processing and control component 2 obtains the moisture content of the forest surface combustibles based on the weight information obtained by the process processing component 3, according to (wet weight - dry weight) ÷ wet weight; that is, the weight of the determined surface layer of the combustibles to be treated (wet weight) is subtracted from the weight of the determined combustible residue after treatment (dry weight), and then the result is divided by the weight of the determined surface layer of the combustibles to be treated (wet weight) to obtain the moisture content of the forest surface combustibles.

[0018] By applying the forest surface combustible moisture content measuring device described in this invention, the weight change of the surface layer of combustible material before and after treatment is detected in stages, thereby achieving rapid and accurate determination of the moisture content of forest surface combustible material.

[0019] Please see the appendix Figure 1 To be continued Figure 3 Appendix Figure 9 To be continued Figure 11 In one specific embodiment of this example, the sampling component 1 includes: a first part 11 and a second part 12 that are integrally set (without obvious boundaries), wherein the end of the first part 11 away from the second part 12 extends toward the direction close to the forest surface; The first part 11 is a (hollow) frustum structure; along the axial direction perpendicular to the first part 11, the cross-sectional diameter of the end of the first part 11 near the second part 12 is greater than the cross-sectional diameter of the end of the first part 11 away from the second part 12, and the cross-sectional diameter of the end of the first part 11 near the second part 12 is equal to the cross-sectional diameter of the second part 12. The second part 12 is a cylindrical structural component; the second part 12 is coaxially arranged with the first part 11 (the axes of the second part 12 and the first part 11 coincide). A sampling channel 111 is provided in the first part 11 and the second part 12, or in the second part 12. The axis of the sampling channel 111 coincides with the axis of the first part 11 (these two schemes refer to: Scheme 1) the sampling channel 111 is located in the second part 12, and at least a portion of it is located in the end of the first part 11 near the second part 12; Scheme 2) the sampling channel 111 is located only in the second part 12). A spiral blade 121 is wound around the outer periphery of the second part 12; the extension length of the blade 121 along the axial direction of the second part 12 is less than the extension length of the second part 12 along its own axial direction; the starting end of the blade 121 is located at the connection between the second part 12 and the first part 11, and the ending end of the blade 121 is located at the end of the second part 12 away from the first part 11. During the sampling stage, the sampling component 1 rotates relative to the process processing component 3 (the direction of rotation of the sampling component 1 corresponds to the rotation direction of the blade 121), and the blade 121 is screwed into the forest surface so that at least part of the end of the sampling component 1 near the forest surface (all of the first part 11 and part of the second part 12) can be inserted into the forest surface by rotation, and the sampling channel 111 is filled with forest surface to obtain forest surface samples.

[0020] In this invention, by setting a first part 11 in the shape of a frustum and a blade 121 set on the outer periphery of the second part 12, the sampling component 1 can penetrate the forest surface more smoothly and fully, thereby achieving sampling of the forest surface.

[0021] In one specific embodiment of this example, the blade 121 is made of high-strength alloy steel.

[0022] In one specific embodiment of this invention, the blade 121 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the second part 12 of the sampling component 1 (e.g., by welding). Alternatively, the blade 121 may be detachably mounted on the outer periphery of the second part 12 of the sampling component 1 (e.g., screw connection).

[0023] In one specific embodiment of this example, the diameter of the sampling channel 111 is approximately 1 cm.

[0024] Please see the appendix Figure 2 Appendix Figure 3 and attached Figure 11 In one specific embodiment of this example, the first part 11 is provided with a transition channel 112 facing the end close to the forest surface; The transition groove 112 is disposed within the first part 11, or disposed within both the first part 11 and the second part 12 (these two schemes refer to scheme one, in which the transition groove 112 is only located within the first part 11; and scheme two, in which the transition groove 112 is located within the first part 11 and at least a portion of it is located within the second part 12 near the end of the first part 11). The transition groove 112 is connected to the sampling channel 111; The transition groove 112 and the sampling channel 111 axially penetrate the sampling component 1 (first part 11 and second part 12) (that is, numerically, along the axial direction of the sampling component 1, the sum of the axial length of the transition groove 112 and the axial length of the sampling channel 111 is equal to the axial length of the sampling component 1). The aperture of the end of the transition channel 112 near the forest surface is larger than the aperture of the end of the transition channel 112 near the second part 12, and the aperture of the end of the transition channel 112 near the second part 12 is equal to the aperture of the sampling channel 111 (that is, the transition channel 112 is a frustum-shaped cavity, and its orientation is opposite to that of the first part 11).

[0025] In this invention, by setting the transition channel 112, the forest surface can be better collected and guided into the sampling channel 111 of the sampling component 1, thereby improving the quality and efficiency of sampling.

[0026] Please see the appendix Figure 4 To be continued Figure 10 In one specific embodiment of this example, the information detection, processing, and control component 2 includes: The transmittance measuring component 21 is used to stratify the collected samples (forest surface sampling) (analyze transmittance). The soil layer is denser than the litter layer and humus layer, and its transmittance is extremely low. When the transmittance drops sharply, it is considered to be the boundary between the humus layer and the soil layer. Based on the stratified changes in transmittance detected by the transmittance measuring component 21, the information processing and control component 22 of the information detection, processing and control component 2 determines the boundary between the humus layer and the soil layer, distinguishes and removes the soil layer, and retains the litter layer and humus layer in the forest surface sampling to form the surface layer of combustible material to be treated. An information processing and control component 22 is electrically connected to the transmittance measuring component 21. Based on the transmittance stratification information detected by the transmittance measuring component 21, the information processing and control component 22 controls the removal of the soil layer from the forest surface sample while retaining the litter layer and humus layer, forming a surface layer of combustible material to be treated. The information processing and control component 22 calculates the moisture content of the forest surface combustible material based on the weight information obtained by the compression and weighing component 31 of the process processing unit 3.

[0027] In one specific embodiment of this example, the transmittance measuring component 21 includes: a light source emitter 211 and a transmittance detection sensor 212. The transmittance detection sensor 212 is used to detect the light intensity transmitted through the light source emitter 211 at different depths after sampling the forest surface.

[0028] In one specific embodiment of this example, the light source emitter 211 is disposed at one end of the process processing component 3 near the sampling component 1, and when in use, the light source emitter 211 can extend at least partially into the processing channel 34; when not in use, the light source emitter 211 can be completely retracted into the annular cavity 35 of the process processing component 3; The transmittance detection sensor 212 is disposed on the inner side of the peripheral wall of the sampling channel 111; multiple transmittance detection sensors 212 are disposed, and multiple transmittance detection sensors 212 are disposed along the axial and circumferential directions of the processing channel 34.

[0029] In one specific embodiment of this example, during use, the light source emitter 211 extends into the middle position of the sampling channel 111.

[0030] In one specific embodiment of this example, multiple transmittance detection sensors 212 are provided along both the axial and circumferential directions of the processing channel 34; Among the plurality of transmittance detection sensors 212, the plurality of transmittance detection sensors 212 arranged along the axial direction of the processing channel 34 (e.g., 12) are located at different horizontal heights; used to detect the transmittance of the ground surface sample at their respective horizontal heights; Among the plurality of transmittance detection sensors 212, at least three transmittance detection sensors 212 are arranged circumferentially along the processing channel 34 at the same horizontal height; they are used to detect the transmittance of the ground surface samples at the corresponding horizontal height; by arranging a plurality of transmittance detection sensors 212 circumferentially (at the same horizontal height), the forest ground surface samples can be stratified by averaging (the average of the results detected by the three transmittance detection sensors 212) or by majority decision (more than half of the samples), thereby identifying the litter layer, humus layer and soil layer.

[0031] The specific calculation and judgment logic and control methods for determining the layer are not the protection points of this application, and will not be elaborated here.

[0032] In one specific embodiment of this example, the transmittance detection sensor 212 is disposed on the peripheral wall of the sampling channel 111; the distance between the transmittance detection sensor 212 and the axis of the processing channel 34 is greater than the aperture of the sampling channel 111. A light-transmitting plate (not shown in the figure) is provided on the peripheral wall of the sampling channel 111 where the light transmittance detection sensor 212 is located. The light-transmitting plate prevents the light transmittance detection sensor 212 from directly contacting the sampling surface and does not block the light emitted by the light source emitter 211. The side of the light-transmitting plate closest to the sampling channel 111 is arc-shaped; After the light-transmitting plate is installed into the sampling channel 111, the sampling channel 111 is a complete arc surface.

[0033] In one specific embodiment of this example, the light-transmitting plate is a (high-quality) acrylic plate with a light transmittance of at least 92%.

[0034] Please see the appendix Figure 8 and attached Figure 11 In one specific embodiment of this example, the process processing component 3 includes, in addition to, a compression and weighing component 31 for compressing the surface layer of the combustible material to be processed; It also includes: a heating component 32 for drying the surface layer of combustible material to be treated and a grinding component 33 for grinding; The process processing component 3 is a cylindrical structure. The outer diameter of the process processing component 3 is larger than the outer diameter of the sampling component 1. The process processing component 3 is located at the end of the sampling component 1 that is away from the forest surface. The process processing component 3 has a processing channel 34 that coincides with its own axis inside. The processing channel 34 is connected to the sampling channel 111. The inner diameter of the processing channel 34 is greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the sampling channel 111; The compression and weighing assembly 31 includes a compression and weighing plate 311 that is at least partially disposed in the process processing component 3 and moves in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the process processing component 3. The process processing component 3 has a hollow interior forming an annular cavity 35 that is coaxial with the processing channel 34 and located outside the processing channel 34; the annular cavity 35 and the processing channel 34 are separated by the channel wall of the processing channel 34. The heating assembly 32 includes a heating wire 321, which is disposed within the annular cavity 35. The heating wire 321 is wound around the end of the peripheral wall of the processing channel 34 away from the sampling channel 111. Along the axial direction of the processing channel 34, the length of the heating wire 321 wound around the peripheral wall of the processing channel 34 is approximately 1 cm. The grinding assembly 33 includes a grinding head 331 that can extend into and rotate within the processing channel 34 extending from the process processing component 3.

[0035] Please see the appendix Figure 5 In one specific embodiment of this example, the compression and weighing assembly 31 further includes a first rack transmission frame 312 disposed in the annular cavity 35 and disposed along the axial direction parallel to the processing channel 34, and a first mating gear meshing with the first rack transmission frame 312, and a third motor 314 driving the first mating gear to rotate. The toothed side of the first rack and pinion drive frame 312 is oriented away from the axis of the processing channel 34; The compression and weighing plate 311 is located at one end of the first rack and pinion frame 312 near the sampling component 1 (the non-toothed side of the first rack and pinion frame 312). When the third motor 314 rotates, it drives the first mating gear to rotate, thereby driving the first rack transmission frame 312, which meshes with the first mating gear, to move along the axis parallel to the processing channel 34, and in turn driving the compression and weighing plate 311 to move in the processing channel 34 along the axis parallel to the processing channel 34.

[0036] Please see the appendix Figure 5 and attached Figure 11 In one specific embodiment of this example, a guide rail 342 is provided on the peripheral wall of the processing channel 34 along a direction parallel to its own axis. The arrangement of the guide rail 342 enables the processing channel 34 to communicate with the annular cavity 35. The compression and weighing plate 311 has a protrusion on its outer periphery. The width of the protrusion is the same as the width of the guide rail 342. The compression and weighing plate 311 is connected to the end of the first rack and pinion transmission frame 312 near the sampling component 1 through the protrusion.

[0037] In one specific embodiment of this example, the compression and weighing assembly 31 further includes a rotary motor 313 that controls the first rack and pinion transmission frame 312 to rotate about the shaft of the first mating gear. The output end of the rotating motor 313 is provided with a gear one, the end of the first rack and pinion transmission frame 312 near the sampling component 1 is provided with a telescopic connecting rod 315, and the end of the telescopic connecting rod 315 away from the first gear transmission frame 312 is provided with a gear two, which meshes with the gear one. The first rack and pinion transmission frame 312 is an arc-shaped plate with a central angle greater than or equal to 45°.

[0038] Gear 1 and Gear 2 are always in a meshing state; After the compression and weighing plate 311 is driven by the rotating motor 313 to rotate from the annular cavity 35 into the processing channel, it moves upward along the guide rail 342 (towards the handle) under the drive of the third motor 314, and the telescopic connecting rod 315 extends.

[0039] In one specific embodiment of this example, the peripheral wall of the processing channel 34 is made of a thermally conductive material (capable of conducting the heat generated by the heating wire 321); The annular cavity 35 is provided with a spiral groove 351 on the inner wall of one end of the heating wire 321 (that is, the outer periphery of the channel periphery forming the processing channel 34). The heating wire 321 is disposed in the recessed groove 351.

[0040] In one specific embodiment of this example, after the heating wire 321 is installed in the recessed groove 351, the outer end of the heating wire 321 (the end away from the processing channel 34) is flush with the outer periphery of the channel peripheral wall forming the processing channel 34.

[0041] Specifically, in one particular embodiment of this example, the annular cavity 35 is only approximately annular; The annular cavity 35 includes multiple non-communicating accommodating chambers. For example, one accommodating chamber with a guide rail 342 (which is connected to the processing channel 34) is not connected to another accommodating chamber with a heating wire 321, nor is it connected to another accommodating chamber with a light source emitter 211.

[0042] In one specific embodiment of this example, the sampling component 1 connected to the process processing component 3 can rotate coaxially relative to the process processing component 3.

[0043] In one specific embodiment of this example, an annular protrusion 13 protruding in a direction away from its own axis is provided on the outer periphery of the second part 12 of the sampling component 1 away from the first part 11 (that is, the end of the second part 12 close to the process processing component 3). The process processing component 3 is provided with a guide groove 36 that is recessed in a direction away from its own axis at one end near the second part 12 of the sampling component 1; The annular protrusion 13 is disposed in the guide groove 36, and the sampling component 1 can rotate coaxially relative to the process processing component 3.

[0044] In one specific embodiment of this example, the recess depth of the guide groove 36 is greater than the protrusion distance of the annular protrusion 13; A rolling bearing (not shown in the figure) is provided between the bottom of the guide groove 36 (the surface perpendicular to the concave direction of the guide groove 36) and the raised surface of the annular protrusion 13 (the surface perpendicular to the raised direction of the annular protrusion 13).

[0045] In another specific embodiment of this example, the recess depth of the guide groove 36 is greater than the protrusion distance of the annular protrusion 13; The bottom of the guide groove 36 (the surface perpendicular to the recessed direction of the guide groove 36) and the protruding surface of the annular protrusion 13 (the surface perpendicular to the protruding direction of the annular protrusion 13) are both provided with recesses. The recessed portion on the bottom of the guide groove 36 is a spherical recess that is recessed in the direction away from the axis of the process processing component 3, and the recessed portion on the protruding surface of the annular protrusion 13 is a spherical recess that is recessed in the direction close to the axis of the sampling component 1. A ball bearing is provided between the bottom of the groove and the raised surface, and the ball bearing is disposed in the recessed portion on the bottom of the groove and the recessed portion on the raised surface; The radius of the ball is greater than the depth of the recess on the bottom of the groove ( / the depth of the recess on the raised surface).

[0046] In one specific embodiment of this example, the maximum outer diameter of the grinding head 331 of the grinding assembly 33 is smaller than the aperture of the processing channel 34 of the process processing component 3.

[0047] Please see the appendix Figure 5In one specific embodiment of this example, the annular cavity 35 is connected to the outside. A connecting hole 341 is provided on the side wall of the processing channel 34, and the connecting hole 341 connects the processing channel 34 with the annular cavity 35. During the compression stage, the compression and weighing plate 311 moves upward along the axial direction of the process processing component 3 within the processing channel 34 (from the end near the sampling component 1 to the end near the support component 6) to compress the surface layer of the combustible material to be treated. The squeezed water flows into the annular cavity 35 through the connecting hole 341 and is then released to the outside. The moisture squeezed into the annular cavity 35 through the connecting hole 341 will not come into contact with the heating wire 321 of the heating assembly 32 (the two parts are in different accommodating cavities).

[0048] In one specific embodiment of this example, a connecting pipe (not shown in the figure) is provided inside the annular cavity 35. One end of the connecting pipe is connected to the communicating hole 341 (communicating with the processing channel 34), and the other end of the connecting pipe is connected to the hole in the annular cavity 35 that communicates with the outside. The connecting pipe will discharge the water squeezed out of the treatment channel 34 to the outside, so that the squeezed water will not flow through the annular cavity 35.

[0049] In one specific embodiment of this invention, a microporous filter membrane is provided on the connecting hole 341 (to prevent other substances / impurities besides moisture from flowing out), which avoids internal contamination of the instrument and ensures the accuracy of weighing.

[0050] In one specific embodiment of this example, the compression and weighing assembly 31 is provided in the annular cavity 35 of the process processing component 3; The processing channel 34 has a circumferential groove on its peripheral wall. The slot is provided at one end of the processing component 3 near the sampling component 1; The compression and weighing plate 311 (driven by the rotating motor 313) rotates through the slot and enters the processing channel 34; when it is necessary to squeeze and weigh the sample (the surface layer of the combustible material to be treated, or the combustible residue after treatment) in the measuring device, the compression and weighing plate 311 is controlled to move horizontally through the slot and extend into the sampling channel 111 (and can then move up and down in the vertical direction along the guide rail 342 under the drive of the third motor 314).

[0051] Please see the appendix Figure 3In one specific embodiment of this example, the measuring device further includes a layering device (not shown in the figure), which is used to separate the soil layer and the humus layer, and push the formed surface layer of combustible material to be treated from the sampling channel 111 into the treatment channel 34. The layering device includes: a second rack and pinion drive frame 151 located in the inner cavity of the sampling channel 111 and arranged in a direction parallel to the axis of the sampling channel 111; a second mating gear meshing with the second rack and pinion drive frame 151; a fourth motor 152 driving the second mating gear to rotate; and a separator plate 15. The toothed side of the second rack and pinion drive frame 151 is the side away from the axis of the sampling channel 111; The intermittent plate 15 is disposed at one end of the second rack and pinion transmission frame 151 away from the process processing component 3; When the fourth motor 152 rotates, it drives the second mating gear to rotate. The second mating gear drives the second rack and pinion transmission frame 151 to move along the axis parallel to the sampling channel 111, thereby driving the separator plate 15 to move in the inner cavity of the sampling component 1 along the axis parallel to the processing channel 34, and move to the measurement position (the boundary between the soil layer and the humus layer measured by the information processing and control component 22). Through the telescopic structure 153 (e.g., a telescopic rod driven by a linear motor), the separator plate 15 extends into the forest surface sampling in the sampling channel 111 to separate the soil layer from the humus layer.

[0052] In one specific embodiment of this example (not shown in the figure), the peripheral wall of the processing channel 34 is provided with an arc-shaped groove along the direction parallel to its own axis. The arc-shaped groove makes the sampling channel 111 communicate with the inner cavity of the sampling component 1. The width of the arc-shaped slot (the width refers to the outer circumferential arc length corresponding to the axis of the sampling channel 111) is greater than the diameter of the separator plate 15; The diameter of the separator plate 15 is smaller than the diameter of the sampling channel 111.

[0053] In one specific embodiment of this example, when the separator plate 15 is not inserted into the sampling channel 111, it is disposed in the inner cavity of the sampling component 1; The inner cavity of the sampling component 1 is (approximately) annular accommodating space, and the radial length of the inner cavity (the length along its radial direction) is greater than the diameter of the separator plate 15.

[0054] In one specific embodiment of this example, the end of the inner cavity of the sampling component 1 that is away from the process processing component 3, and the end of the annular cavity 35 that is close to the sampling component 1, are both provided with openings that communicate with the outside. The openings are used to drain any water (or debris) that has seeped into them.

[0055] Please see the appendix Figure 6 To be continued Figure 11 In one specific embodiment of this invention, the measuring device further includes a support component 6, which is disposed at the end of the process processing component 3 away from the sampling component 1. The support component 6 is provided with a handle 61 at the end away from the process processing component 3; The support component 6 is a cylindrical structure, and the axis of the support component 6 coincides with the axis of the process processing component 3. The handle portion 61 is a cylindrical structural component, and the axis of the handle portion 61 is perpendicular to the axis of the support component 6.

[0056] Please see the appendix Figure 6 To be continued Figure 8 In one specific embodiment of this invention, the support component 6 is an "L-shaped" structural component, that is, the support component 6 is provided with a handle 61; in this embodiment, the forest surface combustible moisture content measuring device described in this application is generally "L-shaped".

[0057] In another specific embodiment of this invention, the support component 6 is a "T-shaped" structural component, that is, the support component 6 is provided with two oppositely arranged handles 61; in this embodiment, the forest surface combustible moisture content measuring device described in this application is generally "T-shaped".

[0058] In one specific embodiment of this example, the handle portion 61 is provided with an anti-slip sleeve, and the anti-slip sleeve is provided with anti-slip texture.

[0059] In one specific embodiment of this example, the length of the sampling component 1 along the axial direction is approximately 15cm; The distance between the end of the sampling component 1 furthest from the process processing component 3 and the shield 122 provided on the sampling component 1 is approximately 10 cm; the distance between the blade 121 and the shield 122 is approximately 8 cm.

[0060] In one specific embodiment of this example, the support component 6 and / or the handle 61 are provided with control buttons (not shown in the figure), such as buttons to control the start and stop of the first motor 41 (to control the rotation or stop of the sampling component 1), buttons to control the start and stop of the second motor 42 (to control the grinding component 33 to start or stop the grinding process), buttons to control the start and stop of the compression and weighing component 31, buttons to control the start and stop of the heating component 32, etc.

[0061] In one specific embodiment of this example, the information processing and control component 22 is an integrated control circuit board; The information processing and control component 22 is located in the support component 6.

[0062] In one specific embodiment of this example, the support component 6 is provided with a first receiving cavity 62, a second receiving cavity 63, and a third receiving cavity 64. The first receiving cavity 62 is located at the end of the support component 6 away from the process processing component 3, the third receiving cavity 64 is located at the end of the support component 6 close to the process processing component 3, and the second receiving cavity 63 is located between the first receiving cavity 62 and the third receiving cavity 64. The information processing and control assembly 22 is disposed within the first accommodating cavity 62; The first accommodating cavity 62 is also provided with a power supply module, which includes a rechargeable lithium battery; the lithium battery provides power to the entire measuring device. The second motor 42 is disposed in the second receiving cavity 63; the rotating shaft of the second motor 42 passes through the third receiving cavity 64 and extends into the processing channel 34; the grinding head 331 is disposed at one end of the rotating shaft of the second motor 42 extending into the processing channel 34.

[0063] It should be noted that neither the electrical connection wires nor the signal connection wires are shown in the figure; it can be understood that when the electrical connection wires and the signal connection wires need to pass through a chamber, this can be achieved by providing wire holes on the chamber wall of the corresponding chamber to allow the electrical connection wires and signal connection wires to pass through (not shown in the figure).

[0064] Please see the appendix Figure 7 and attached Figure 8 In one specific embodiment of this example, the third receiving cavity 64 is provided with a first hole 641 communicating with the processing channel 34 and a second hole 642 communicating with the outside; the second hole 642 can communicate with an external water tank (and an external water pump); The first hole 641 is provided with a backstop structure. The backstop structure is provided to allow conduction only from the second hole to the first hole, and not from the first hole to the second hole.

[0065] In one specific embodiment of this example, the first hole 641 may be provided as one, or may be provided as multiple (e.g., 4) arranged in a ring array.

[0066] In this invention, by setting the third receiving cavity 64, after the determination of the moisture content of forest surface combustibles is completed, there may be residual debris particles / debris in the measuring device. Water is injected through an external water tank to clean the processing channel 34 and the sampling channel 111.

[0067] Please see the appendix Figure 6 and attached Figure 8 In one specific embodiment of this example, the measuring device further includes a display component 5, which is electrically connected to the compression and weighing component 31 and the information detection, processing and control component 2. The display component 5 includes a display screen 51, which is disposed on the outside of the support component 6 or the process processing component 3; The display screen 51 of the display component 5 also displays the weight information obtained by the compression and weighing component 31, and / or the moisture content calculated by the information detection, processing and control component 2.

[0068] In one specific embodiment of this example, the weighing accuracy of the compression and weighing component 31 is 0.01g.

[0069] In one specific embodiment of this example, the display screen 51 is a curved screen.

[0070] In one specific embodiment of this example, the display screen 51 of the display component 5 can also display the depth of the sampling component 1 inserted into the forest surface (for example, a distance sensor is provided at one end of the process processing component 3 near the sampling component 1, or at one end of the sampling component 1 near the process processing component 3, and the distance sensor detects the distance between itself and the forest surface; the information processing and control component 22 pre-stores the distance between the distance sensor and the end of the sampling component 1 away from the process processing component 3; the depth of the sampling component 1 inserted into the forest surface is obtained by the difference between the pre-stored distance and the distance detected by the distance sensor between itself and the forest surface).

[0071] In one specific embodiment of this example, the measuring device further includes: a driving component 4, which drives the sampling component 1 to rotate, drives the compression and weighing component 31 to compress the surface layer of combustible material to be treated, drives the heating component 32 to heat the surface layer of combustible material to be treated that has been compressed, and drives the grinding component 33 to grind the surface layer of combustible material to be treated that has been compressed. The compression process is performed before the heat treatment and the grinding process; The heating treatment and the grinding treatment can be carried out in a priority manner, with the other treatment running afterward, or both treatments can be carried out simultaneously (heating and grinding at the same time).

[0072] Please see the appendix Figure 4 To be continued Figure 11 In one specific embodiment of this invention, the driving component 4 includes: A first motor 41 drives the sampling component 1 to rotate relative to the process processing component 3; The second motor 42 drives the grinding head 331 of the grinding assembly 33 to rotate circumferentially.

[0073] In one specific embodiment of this example, the first motor 41 of the driving component 4 is disposed in the annular cavity 35, and the rotating shaft of the first motor 41 (in the direction close to the sampling component 1) extends out of the annular cavity 35; The first motor 41 extends out of the rotating shaft of the annular cavity 35 and is provided with a first transmission gear 411; A second transmission gear 14 is provided on the outer periphery of the second part 12 of the sampling component 1 away from the first part 11 (the end close to the process processing component 3). The second transmission gear 14 is an external gear; the second transmission gear 14 meshes with the first transmission gear 411 for transmission.

[0074] In one specific embodiment of this invention, at least one first motor 41 is provided; When multiple first motors 41 are provided, the multiple first motors 41 are arranged in a circular array; The first transmission gears 411 on the rotating shafts of the multiple first motors 41 are all engaged with the same second transmission gear 14 for transmission.

[0075] In one specific embodiment of this example, an annular baffle plate 122 is also provided on the outer periphery of the second part 12, and the outer diameter of the baffle plate 122 is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the process processing component 3. The baffle plate 122 is positioned between the blade 121 (near one end of the process handling component 3) and the second transmission gear 14.

[0076] In this invention, by setting the shield 122, the forest ground surface is prevented from contacting the gears (first transmission gear 411 and second transmission gear 14) during sample collection, thus avoiding affecting the normal rotation of the sampling component 1; at the same time, the shield 122 limits the maximum sampling depth of the sampling component 1.

[0077] In one specific embodiment of this example, the second motor 42 is disposed in the support component 6 (disposed at one end of the support component 6 near the process processing component 3). The shaft portion of the second motor 42 extends out of the support member 6 and into the processing channel 34. The grinding head 331 is mounted on the shaft of the second motor 42 located in the processing channel 34.

[0078] In one specific embodiment of this example, a sealed deep groove ball bearing is provided at a position adjacent to the support component 6 and / or the process processing component 3 on the shaft of the second motor 42.

[0079] In another specific embodiment of this example, the shaft of the second motor 42 is collinear with the axis of the processing channel 34.

[0080] In another specific embodiment of this example, the shaft of the second motor 42 is arranged parallel to the axis of the processing channel 34, and the shaft of the second motor 42 is not collinear with the axis of the processing channel 34, that is, the grinding head 331 is biased in the processing channel 34.

[0081] In this application, by setting the biased grinding head 331, grinding can be performed better; drying and grinding work together to remove moisture more completely, ensuring accurate and reliable moisture content detection.

[0082] Please see the appendix Figure 5 and attached Figure 11 In one specific embodiment of this invention, the heating component 32 further includes: Temperature control device 322, the temperature measuring head of the temperature control device 322 is attached to the peripheral wall of the processing channel 34 or inside the peripheral wall of the channel (the peripheral wall of the channel is provided with a receiving groove that is recessed towards the axis of the processing channel 34) to detect the temperature inside the processing channel 34. When the process processing component 3 performs the drying and / or grinding stage on the surface layer of the combustible material to be treated, the information processing and overall control component 22 controls the heating wire 321 to turn on and off (power on and power off) according to the temperature information detected by the temperature control component 322, so as to control the temperature in the processing channel 34 within a preset temperature range (for example, controlling the temperature in the processing channel 34 to be greater than 50°C and less than or equal to 105°C).

[0083] In one specific embodiment of this example, during the drying stage, the temperature inside the processing channel 34 is controlled at 105°C for 2 minutes.

[0084] In one specific embodiment of this example, the weight is measured after the product has been dried at (105°C for 2 min). After weighing, dry again (for a short time) (105℃, 10s), and then weigh again; If the difference between the mass of the next test and the mass of the previous test is less than the preset standard deviation (e.g., 0.02g), then the drying is complete, and the mass of the next test is taken as the weight of the processed combustible residue. If the difference between the mass of the next test and the mass of the previous test is greater than the preset standard deviation, then the above (short-time) drying (105℃, 10s) is repeated, and its weight is measured, until the difference between the mass of the next test and the mass of the previous test is less than the preset standard deviation.

[0085] It is understood that the compression and weighing plate has both a squeezing and a weighing function, and both squeezing and weighing are achieved by it; During extrusion, since it is an active component (providing extrusion force, pushing the surface layer of the combustible material to be treated towards the handle 61); When weighing later, it needs to be moved backward (away from the handle 61) to exit the active power supply state before weighing.

[0086] In one specific embodiment of this example, the outer wall of the annular cavity 35 (the side wall away from the peripheral wall of the processing channel 34) is attached with heat insulation material; the heat insulation material can prevent heat loss from causing low drying efficiency and prevent heat overflow from causing burns to the operator.

[0087] In one specific embodiment of this invention, both the temperature control device 322 and the heating wire 321 are disposed within the peripheral wall of the channel. Furthermore, the distance between the temperature control element 322 and the axis of the processing channel 34 is less than the distance between the heating wire 321 and the axis of the processing channel 34.

[0088] When using the forest surface combustible moisture content measuring device provided in this application, the user holds the handle 61 of the measuring device, faces the sampling component 1 toward the forest surface, and the sampling component 1 rotates and drills into the forest surface to obtain a forest surface sample. The information detection, processing and control component 2 is activated to determine the boundary between the humus layer and the soil layer; the layering component is controlled to perform layering, and the separator 15 is inserted into the boundary between the humus layer and the soil layer; at this time, the measuring device automatically discharges the soil layer (or the user can manually shake it out), forming the surface layer of combustible material to be treated. The soil layer is discharged in layers. The interleaving plate 15 pushes the surface layer of the combustible material to be treated from the sampling channel 111 into the treatment channel 34. Then, the compression and weighing plate 311 is inserted below the surface layer of the combustible material to be treated (at this node, the horizontal height of the compression and weighing plate 311 is slightly higher than the horizontal height of the interleaving plate 15). The compression and weighing plate of the compression and weighing assembly 31 is used to weigh the wet weight; The compression and weighing plate 311 moves upward to compress the surface layer of the combustible material to be treated, followed by drying and grinding to form the treated combustible material residue. The compression and weighing plate 311 moves downward, at which time the compression and weighing plate of the compression and weighing assembly 31 weighs again (to obtain dry weight). The information detection, processing and control component 2 calculates the moisture content of forest surface combustibles based on the obtained weight information.

[0089] In one specific embodiment of this example, the process processing component 3 further includes an opening (not shown in the figure), which connects all the processing channels 34 to the outside (in this position, the annular cavity 35 is not connected to the processing channels 34); the opening is an arc-shaped structure. It also includes a linear motor and an arc-shaped push plate driven by the linear motor, wherein the arc-shaped push plate is positioned opposite to the opening; The arc-shaped pusher is used to discharge combustible residue through the opening.

[0090] In one specific embodiment of this example, the axial length of the opening (the length along the axial direction of the process processing component 3) is equal to or less than the axial length of the heating wire 321 (the length along the axial direction of the process processing component 3). The arc-shaped pusher plate can be pushed multiple times in conjunction with the compression and weighing plate to discharge the combustible residue through the opening.

[0091] Of course, the equipment can also be cleaned by controlling the compression and weighing plate retraction, controlling the plate retraction in the control room, and then manually shaking and backwashing.

[0092] It should also be noted that after repeated use, this instrument may have internal impurities or water accumulation, which may cause test deviations. The accuracy of the test can be ensured by controlling the number of times a single instrument is used (the specific number is determined by specific practice and is not specifically limited here) or by manually cleaning and resetting it from all angles.

[0093] By applying the forest surface combustible moisture content measuring device described in this invention, the weight change of the surface layer of combustible material before and after treatment can be monitored in stages. The miniaturized design is not only easy to carry, but also enables rapid and accurate measurement of the forest surface combustible moisture content.

[0094] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. The implementation schemes in the above embodiments can also be further combined or replaced. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the moisture content of forest surface combustibles, characterized in that, include: Sampling component (1), during the sampling stage, at least part of the end of the sampling component (1) near the forest surface extends into the forest surface to obtain forest surface samples; Information detection, processing and control component (2), the information detection, processing and control component (2) is used to detect the stratification of the acquired forest surface sample, and control the retention of the litter layer and humus layer in the forest surface sample to form a surface layer of combustible material to be processed; Processing component (3) is located on the side of the sampling component (1) away from the forest surface; the processing component (3) performs compression, drying and grinding operations on the surface layer of the combustible material to be treated, and the surface layer of the combustible material to be treated forms the treated combustible material residue after the processing operation; During the sampling stage, the sampling component (1) rotates relative to the process processing component (3); the process processing component (3) includes a compression and weighing assembly (31), which is used to compress the surface layer of the combustible material to be treated and to obtain the weight information of the surface layer of the combustible material to be treated and the processed combustible residue. The information detection, processing and control component (2) obtains the moisture content of forest surface combustibles based on the weight information obtained by the process processing component (3).

2. The apparatus for determining the moisture content of forest surface combustibles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampling component (1) includes: an integrated first part (11) and a second part (12), wherein the end of the first part (11) away from the second part (12) extends toward the forest surface; The first part (11) is a frustum structure; along the axial direction perpendicular to the first part (11), the cross-sectional diameter of the end of the first part (11) closer to the second part (12) is greater than the cross-sectional diameter of the end of the first part (11) farther away from the second part (12); The second part (12) is a cylindrical structural component; the second part (12) is coaxially arranged with the first part (11); The first part (11) and the second part (12) are provided with sampling channels (111), and the axis of the sampling channels (111) coincides with the axis of the first part (11); The second part (12) has a spiral blade (121) wrapped around its outer periphery.

3. The apparatus for determining the moisture content of forest surface combustibles according to claim 2, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the sampling component (1), the length of the sampling component (1) is 10cm.

4. The apparatus for determining the moisture content of forest surface combustibles according to claim 2, characterized in that, The diameter of the sampling channel (111) is 1 cm.

5. The apparatus for determining the moisture content of forest surface combustibles according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first part (11) has a transition channel (112) facing the end close to the forest surface. The transition channel (112) is connected to the sampling channel (111); Along the axial direction perpendicular to the first part (11), the aperture of the end of the transition channel (112) near the forest surface is larger than the aperture of the end of the transition channel (112) near the second part (12), and the aperture of the end of the transition channel (112) near the second part (12) is equal to the aperture of the sampling channel (111).

6. The apparatus for determining the moisture content of forest surface combustibles according to claim 2, characterized in that, The information detection, processing and control component (2) includes: The transmittance measuring component (21) distinguishes and removes the soil layer according to the different transmittance of each layer, and retains the litter layer and humus layer in the forest surface sampling to form the surface layer of the combustible material to be treated. Information processing and control component (22) is electrically connected to the transmittance measuring component (21); the information processing and control component (22) calculates the moisture content of forest surface combustibles based on the weight information obtained by the compression and weighing component (31).

7. The apparatus for determining the moisture content of forest surface combustibles according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process processing component (3) includes: a compression and weighing component (31) for compressing the surface layer of the combustible material to be processed, a heating component (32) for drying, and a grinding component (33) for grinding. The process processing component (3) is a cylindrical structure. The outer diameter of the process processing component (3) is larger than the outer diameter of the sampling component (1). The process processing component (3) is located at the end of the sampling component (1) away from the forest surface. The process processing component (3) has a processing channel (34) inside that coincides with its own axis. The processing channel (34) is connected to the sampling channel (111). The process processing component (3) has a hollow interior forming a coaxial annular cavity (35) located outside the processing channel (34); the annular cavity (35) and the processing channel (34) are separated by the channel wall of the processing channel (34); The heating assembly (32) includes a heating wire (321) disposed within the annular cavity (35); the heating wire (321) is wound around the end of the peripheral wall of the channel forming the processing channel (34) away from the sampling channel (111); The grinding assembly (33) includes a grinding head (331) that extends into a processing channel (34) of the process processing component (3).

8. The apparatus for determining the moisture content of forest surface combustibles according to claim 7, characterized in that, The annular cavity (35) is connected to the outside; A connecting hole (341) is provided on the side wall of the processing channel (34), and the connecting hole (341) connects the processing channel (34) with the annular cavity (35).

9. A device for determining the moisture content of forest surface combustibles according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The measuring device further includes a support component (6), which is disposed at one end of the process processing component (3) away from the sampling component (1); The supporting component (6) is an "L-shaped" structural component or a "T-shaped" structural component; The support component (6) has a handle (61) at one end away from the process handling component (3).

10. The apparatus for determining the moisture content of forest surface combustibles according to claim 9, characterized in that, The measuring device further includes a display component (5), which is electrically connected to the compression and weighing assembly (31) and the information detection, processing and control component (2); The display component (5) includes a display screen (51), which is disposed outside the support component (6) or the process processing component (3); The display component (5) displays the weight information obtained by the compression and weighing component (31) and / or the moisture content calculated by the information detection, processing and control component (2).

Images