The application relates to a device for detecting and grinding the inner surface excess height of a girth weld of a cylindrical thin-walled workpiece

Abstract

The application provides a detection and grinding device for the inner surface excess height of a girth weld of a cylindrical thin-walled workpiece, which comprises a connecting table and two bases on both sides of the connecting table, one side of the connecting table is provided with a fixed jig for placing the workpiece, and the other side of the connecting table is provided with a movable table which can move horizontally and vertically. A mounting column is arranged on the movable table, and a polishing mechanism which can extend into the inner cavity of the workpiece is fixed at the end of the mounting column. A detection unit is arranged on the polishing mechanism, which comprises a detection assembly which overlaps with the inner wall of the weld and a positioning assembly which is located on both sides of the detection assembly and overlaps with the inner wall of the base material, and the difference between the overlapping surfaces of the two assemblies is used to represent the excess height of the weld. The polishing amount is adjusted based on the difference, so that the excess height of the weld is quantitatively removed, and over-grinding is avoided. In addition, the different positions in the circumferential direction can be controlled differently, so that the transition is uniform and smooth, the processing consistency and efficiency are improved, and the risk of local thinning of the thin-walled structure is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grinding, specifically to a grinding equipment suitable for detecting and grinding the excess height of the inner surface of the circumferential weld seam of cylindrical thin-walled workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] In the manufacturing process of pressure vessels, heat exchange equipment, and various tubular components, butt welding of cylindrical workpieces is often required to form circumferentially distributed annular welds. This type of welding is typically performed within a confined space. Influenced by factors such as welding posture, bevel type, and heat input, the weld inevitably exhibits certain geometric variations during its formation, such as changes in weld reinforcement height and width, and uneven local transitions. Especially on the inner wall side, due to limited operating space and complex welding conditions, controlling the consistency of weld formation is relatively difficult.

[0003] During subsequent processing or use, the geometry of the weld often needs to be modified to some extent. For example, in applications involving fluid transport or requiring high internal surface quality, if there are obvious protrusions or abrupt transitions in the weld area, it may affect the flow state, deposition characteristics, or detection accuracy. Therefore, the weld area usually needs to be ground to create a smoother transition between it and the base material.

[0004] However, in actual processing, the weld formation is influenced by a combination of factors, resulting in a circumferential geometric state that is not uniform but rather exhibits some degree of fluctuation. Furthermore, cylindrical workpieces, especially thin-walled structures, have relatively limited rigidity during processing and are highly sensitive to external forces and material removal, which increases the complexity of processing control. In the absence of effective sensing and adjustment methods, existing processing methods often rely on experience or simple control strategies, making it difficult to balance processing efficiency and forming quality.

[0005] Therefore, in response to the above problems, we provide a device for detecting and grinding the excess height of the inner surface of the circumferential weld seam of cylindrical thin-walled workpieces. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention addresses the problem that it is difficult to balance geometric inhomogeneity and processing controllability during the grinding process of the circumferential weld seam on the inner wall of cylindrical workpieces, thereby affecting the forming quality and processing stability. It provides a device for detecting and grinding the excess height of the inner surface of the circumferential weld seam on cylindrical thin-walled workpieces.

[0007] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a device for detecting and grinding the excess height of the inner surface of the circumferential weld of a cylindrical thin-walled workpiece, including a connecting table, and bases are fixedly provided on both sides of the connecting table. A fixing fixture for placing the cylindrical workpiece is provided on one side of the base, and a moving table is provided on the other side of the base. A grinding mechanism that can extend into the inner cavity of a cylindrical workpiece is fixed on the moving platform. Specifically, the moving platform can move horizontally and vertically. A mounting column is fixedly installed on the moving platform. The mounting column is arranged along the axial direction of the cylindrical workpiece on the fixed fixture, and a grinding mechanism is fixedly installed at the end of the mounting column. The grinding mechanism can extend into the inner cavity of the cylindrical workpiece. The grinding mechanism is equipped with a detection unit, which includes a detection component and positioning components respectively located on both sides of the detection component. The detection component is used to overlap with the inner wall of the circumferential weld, and the two positioning components are used to overlap with the inner walls of the cylindrical workpieces on both sides of the circumferential weld respectively. The difference between the overlapping surface of the detection component and the overlapping surface of the positioning component is used to characterize the weld reinforcement.

[0008] By setting up a detection unit to detect the excess height of the circumferential weld in real time, and quantitatively controlling the grinding depth based on the detected excess height value, the grinding process is transformed from traditional experience-based processing to data-driven precision processing, thereby significantly improving processing quality and stability.

[0009] In this technical solution, the fixing fixture includes two fixing components arranged in parallel, and the fixing components include two symmetrically arranged support arms, with a self-rotating side positioning wheel installed at the end of the support arm; It also includes the installation of a vertical shaft, on which a lifting platform is fitted. The bottom of the lifting platform is equipped with a self-rotating upper positioning wheel. The symmetrical planes of the two side positioning wheels pass through the center plane of the upper positioning wheel, that is, the side positioning wheels are located at the top of the two side positioning wheels and in the exact middle of the two side positioning wheels. Both the upper positioning wheel and the side positioning wheel are connected to the motor drive.

[0010] The motor is fixed to the support arm or lifting platform.

[0011] In this technical solution, the grinding mechanism includes a drive motor, which moves synchronously with the moving table. A drive spindle is fixed on the output end of the drive motor, and a grinding part is fixed at the end of the drive spindle. Two positioning components are slidably connected to both sides of the detection component.

[0012] Furthermore, the drive motor is fixed to the end of the mounting column, and the grinding component is preferably a grinding wheel, which grinds the annular weld seam through the annular outer wall of the grinding wheel.

[0013] Specifically, the first vertical bar is distributed radially along the grinding wheel.

[0014] In this technical solution, the detection component is mounted on the drive motor or the end of the mounting column of the moving platform via the connecting part. The detection component includes a lifting part, and a first connecting frame with a "U" shape is fixed on the moving end of the top of the lifting part. A self-rotating detection wheel is mounted on the first connecting frame, and the detection wheel can overlap at the circumferential weld. Two positioning components are slidably connected to both sides of the first connecting frame through corresponding connecting components, and the overlapping surfaces of the two positioning components protrude beyond the overlapping surfaces of the detection components. That is, in the normal state, the positioning components protrude beyond the detection components.

[0015] In this technical solution, the connecting part includes a support frame, which is arranged on the periphery of the drive spindle and fixed on the end of the drive motor or the mounting column. The support frame is fixed to the lifting part by a support rod. The lifting unit includes an electric push rod arranged vertically, which is fixed on a support rod. A telescopic first vertical rod is fixed to the movable end of the top of the electric push rod. A first spring is sleeved on the surface of the first vertical rod, and the two ends of the first spring are respectively fixed to the two ends of the first vertical rod. The top end of the first vertical rod is fixed to the bottom of the first connecting frame.

[0016] This technical solution also includes a dust-dusting part, which is set on the first connecting frame at the bottom of the detection wheel, and the detection wheel rotates on the inner wall of the cylindrical workpiece to drive the dust-dusting part to remove the waste from its surface.

[0017] In this technical solution, the dusting part includes a rotating shaft mounted on the first connecting frame, and the rotating shaft can rotate on the first connecting frame. The rotating shaft is located at the bottom of the detection wheel. An installation roller is fixedly fitted onto the surface of the rotating shaft. Multiple evenly distributed cleaning brushes are fixed on the annular surface of the installation roller, and the cleaning brushes overlap the annular surface of the detection wheel. The self-rotating shaft is connected to the detection wheel via the first transmission unit.

[0018] In this technical solution, the positioning component includes a "U"-shaped second connecting frame. The second connecting frame is slidably connected to one side of the first connecting frame through a connecting component. A rotatable reference wheel is installed on the second connecting frame, and the second connecting frame can spring back after sliding on the first connecting frame.

[0019] In this technical solution, the connecting component includes a guide rail arranged vertically, the guide rail is fixed on the outer wall of the first connecting frame, a slider is slidably connected inside the guide rail, a connecting horizontal plate is fixed on the slider, a second vertical rod is fixed on the top side wall of the connecting horizontal plate, and a second connecting frame is fixed on the top of the second vertical rod. A third vertical rod is fixed on the bottom side wall of the connecting horizontal plate. The third vertical rod is fixed on the first connecting frame through the bearing horizontal plate. The third vertical rod is telescopic, and a third spring is sleeved on the surface of the third vertical rod. The two ends of the third spring are respectively fixed to the two ends of the third vertical rod.

[0020] Preferably, the second vertical rod can extend and retract slightly, and a second spring is sleeved on its surface.

[0021] The absolute grinding depth is determined by the obtained detection height value, thereby avoiding over-grinding.

[0022] In this technical solution, a cleaning part for removing debris from the surface of the reference wheel is also included, with the cleaning end of the cleaning part overlapping the annular surface of the reference wheel; The impurity removal unit is rotatably connected to the second connecting frame, and the rotating reference wheel drives the self-cleaning unit to periodically push the impurity removal unit to rotate, thereby shaking off the waste debris accumulated on the cleaning end of the impurity removal unit.

[0023] The impurity removal unit includes a first scraper that overlaps the annular surface of the reference wheel, a second connecting rod that is fixed to the bottom end of the first scraper, the second connecting rod that is rotatably connected to a first fixed frame, and the first fixed frame that is fixed to the first connecting frame. A first coil spring is provided at the rotatable connection between the first fixed frame and the second connecting rod.

[0024] In this technical solution, the self-cleaning part includes a synchronous crossbar, both ends of which are mounted on the second connecting frame and can rotate on the second connecting frame. The synchronous crossbar is connected to the reference wheel through the second transmission part. A pushing member is mounted on the surface of the synchronous crossbar. The rotating pushing member pushes the impurity removal part to rotate in a direction away from the reference wheel, thereby realizing the self-cleaning of the impurity removal part.

[0025] In this technical solution, a pre-cleaning section is also included. The pre-cleaning section and the impurity removal section are located on both sides of the reference wheel. The pre-cleaning section includes a first support rod. The first support rod is inclined in the direction away from the reference wheel. One end of the first support rod is rotatably connected to the second connecting frame through the second fixing frame, and the other end is rotatably connected to the second scraper through the third fixing frame. The second scraper protrudes from the top of the reference wheel. A second coil spring and a third coil spring are respectively provided at the connection points between the two ends of the first support rod and the second and third fixed frames. The two ends of the second coil spring are fixed to the first support rod and the second fixed frame, respectively, and the two ends of the third coil spring are fixed to the first support rod and the third fixed frame, respectively.

[0026] Based on common knowledge in the field, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be combined arbitrarily to obtain various preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] The positive and progressive effects of this invention are as follows: By obtaining the displacement difference between the detection component and the positioning component, and using this difference as a characterization parameter of the weld reinforcement height, the grinding amount can be adjusted in a targeted manner according to the size of the reinforcement height during the grinding process. This ensures that the grinding mechanism only removes excess weld material without corroding the base material, effectively avoiding over-grinding caused by human judgment errors or insufficient equipment rigidity control.

[0028] Furthermore, since the weld reinforcement height at various locations is circumferentially uneven, by continuously detecting the reinforcement height in real time, differentiated control of the grinding depth in different areas can be achieved, thereby avoiding local over-cutting or excessive residue, making the overall transition of the weld area more uniform and smooth, which is beneficial to reducing stress concentration and improving the fatigue performance of the structure.

[0029] Meanwhile, based on the quantitative feedback of the residual height value, a closed-loop control can be formed for the grinding process, so that the grinding mechanism can automatically reduce the feed or stop processing when it approaches the target value, thereby ensuring the removal efficiency while taking into account the processing accuracy, reducing repeated processing and rework, and improving the overall production efficiency.

[0030] In addition, by precisely controlling the grinding depth, this solution can effectively limit the reduction of wall thickness of cylindrical thin-walled workpieces, reduce the risk of structural strength reduction or instability caused by local thinning, and is especially suitable for thin-walled structural parts that are sensitive to wall thickness. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the side view structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure viewed from below; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the detection component and the positioning component of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 A top-view structural diagram; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point AA; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point I; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning component of the present invention; Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 A structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 10 A top-view structural diagram; Figure 13For the present invention Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point BB.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 101. Base; 102. Moving table; 1021. Mounting column; 103. Fixture; 1031. Support arm; 1032. Mounting vertical shaft; 1033. Side positioning wheel; 1034. Lifting platform; 1035. Upper positioning wheel; 104. Cylindrical workpiece; 105. Connecting table; 106. Grinding mechanism; 1. Drive motor; 11. Drive spindle; 12. Grinding parts; 2. Support frame; 21. Support rod; 3. Electric actuator; 31. First vertical rod; 4. Detection assembly; 41. First connecting frame; 42. Detection wheel; 43. First drive pulley; 44. First transmission belt; 45. First driven pulley; 46. Rotation shaft; 47. Mounting roller; 48. Cleaning brush; 49. Cleaning crossbar; 5. Positioning assembly; 51. Second connecting frame; 52. Connecting horizontal plate; 521. Second vertical rod; 53. Reference wheel; 54. Connecting shaft; 541. Second drive pulley; 542. Second transmission belt; 543. Second driven pulley; 55. Synchronous horizontal bar; 551. First connecting rod; 552. Drive arc plate; 56. Impurity removal section; 561. First fixed frame; 562. Second connecting rod; 563. First scraper; 564. Transmission rod; 565. Transmission arc plate; 57. Pre-cleaning section; 571. Second fixed frame; 572. First support rod; 573. Third fixed frame; 574. Second scraper; 575. Second support rod; 576. Pulley; 6. Guide rail; 61. Slider; 7. Supporting horizontal plate; 71. Third vertical bar. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be further illustrated by way of embodiments below, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the equipment for detecting and grinding the inner surface of the circumferential weld of a cylindrical thin-walled workpiece includes a connecting table 105. Bases 101 are fixedly installed on both sides of the connecting table 105. A fixing fixture 103 for placing a cylindrical workpiece 104 is installed on one side of the base 101, and a moving table 102 is installed on the other side of the base 101. A grinding mechanism 106 that can extend into the inner cavity of the cylindrical workpiece 104 is fixed on the moving table 102. Specifically, the moving table 102 can move horizontally and vertically. A mounting column 1021 is fixedly provided on the moving table 102. The mounting column 1021 is arranged along the axial direction of the cylindrical workpiece 104 on the fixed fixture 103, and the grinding mechanism 106 is fixedly provided at the end of the mounting column 1021. The grinding mechanism 106 can extend into the inner cavity of the cylindrical workpiece 104. The grinding mechanism 106 is equipped with a detection unit, which includes a detection component 4 and positioning components 5 respectively disposed on both sides of the detection component 4. The detection component 4 is used to overlap with the inner wall of the circumferential weld, and the two positioning components 5 are used to overlap with the inner walls of the cylindrical workpiece 104 on both sides of the circumferential weld. The difference between the overlapping surface of the detection component 4 and the overlapping surface of the positioning component 5 is used to characterize the welding reinforcement.

[0035] Example 1 In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the fixing fixture 103 includes two fixing components arranged side by side. Each fixing component includes two symmetrically arranged support arms 1031. Rotatable side positioning wheels 1033 are installed at the ends of the support arms 1031. It also includes a vertical shaft 1032, on which a lifting platform 1034 is fitted. A self-rotating upper positioning wheel 1035 is installed at the bottom of the lifting platform 1034. The symmetrical planes of the two side positioning wheels 1033 pass through the center plane of the upper positioning wheel 1035, that is, the side positioning wheels 1033 are located at the top of the two side positioning wheels 1033 and at the exact middle of the two side positioning wheels 1033. Both the upper positioning wheel 1035 and the side positioning wheel 1033 are connected to the motor drive.

[0036] The motor is fixed on the support arm 1031 or the lifting platform 1034.

[0037] When fixing the cylindrical workpiece 104, the two ends of the cylindrical workpiece 104 are respectively placed on the two side positioning wheels 1033 set on both sides of the corresponding base 101 to give the workpiece initial support; then, the lifting platform 1034 moves downward, driving the upper positioning wheel 1035 to press down and abut against the outer surface of the cylindrical workpiece 104, so that the upper positioning wheel 1035 and the two side positioning wheels 1033 form a three-point support structure, achieving stable triangular positioning and clamping fixation of the cylindrical workpiece 104.

[0038] After the cylindrical workpiece 104 is positioned and fixed, the mounting column 1021 is driven to move in a predetermined direction by the moving table 102, so that the grinding mechanism 106 set at the end of the mounting column 1021 extends into the inner cavity of the cylindrical workpiece 104 and performs inspection and grinding on the circumferential weld area.

[0039] During the grinding process, the corresponding motor drives the side positioning wheel 1033 and the upper positioning wheel 1035 to rotate, which in turn drives the cylindrical workpiece 104 to rotate, so that the grinding mechanism 106 can fully grind the annular weld seam.

[0040] The lifting motion of the lifting platform 1034 and the linear and vertical movements of the moving platform 102 can all be achieved using existing mature transmission methods, such as gear and rack transmission mechanisms, belt transmission mechanisms (such as synchronous belt transmission) or screw transmission mechanisms, to achieve the corresponding linear drive, so as to meet the motion requirements of the device in the positioning and processing process.

[0041] The movement of the moving stage 102 drives the mounting column 1021 and the grinding mechanism 106 at the end of the mounting column 1021 to extend into the inner cavity of the cylindrical workpiece 104. The lifting and lowering of the moving stage 102 drives the grinding mechanism 106 to lift and lower, thereby controlling the grinding depth. When the moving stage 102 lifts and lowers, the electric push rod 3 performs length compensation so that the positions of the detection wheel 42 and the reference wheel 53 are not affected.

[0042] In this embodiment, the horizontal movement of the moving platform 102, the lifting movement of the lifting platform 1034, the speed adjustment of the grinding part 12, and the rotational coordination of the side positioning wheel 1033 and the upper positioning wheel 1035 are all uniformly controlled and coordinated by a matching control system. The control system can be implemented using existing mature automatic control technologies, such as a control architecture based on a PLC controller, industrial computer, or embedded control unit, combined with actuators such as servo motors, stepper motors, or frequency converters to drive and adjust each motion unit.

[0043] Specifically, the movement of the moving table 102 and the lifting table 1034 can be precisely controlled by a linear transmission mechanism driven by a servo motor (such as a lead screw drive, gear and rack drive, or synchronous belt drive), thereby ensuring that the grinding mechanism 106 can accurately enter the inner cavity of the cylindrical workpiece 104 and reach the predetermined processing position; the rotation speed of the grinding part 12 can be adjusted by a frequency converter or servo driver to adapt to the processing requirements under different weld reinforcement heights and material conditions; the side positioning wheel 1033 and the upper positioning wheel 1035 can be rotated by linkage drive or independent drive, and their rotation speed can be matched with the rotation speed of the grinding part 12 according to a preset proportional relationship to ensure that the cylindrical workpiece 104 maintains stable rotation during the grinding process and avoids slippage or local over-grinding.

[0044] Furthermore, the control system can coordinate and control each execution unit according to preset process parameters (such as grinding depth, feed speed, and rotational speed range), and can also combine the weld reinforcement data fed back by the differential measurement component (described later) to achieve dynamic adjustment of the grinding process. For example, when a large local reinforcement is detected, the control system can appropriately reduce the feed speed of the moving table 102 or increase the rotational speed of the grinding workpiece 12 to enhance the removal capacity; when approaching the target reinforcement, the grinding intensity is reduced or the feed is stopped to avoid over-grinding.

[0045] In addition, the control system may also include a human-machine interface for parameter setting, status display, and fault alarms, enabling operators to intuitively grasp the equipment's operating status and make necessary adjustments. The above-mentioned control methods are all conventional techniques in this field and will not be elaborated upon further.

[0046] Example 2 like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the grinding mechanism 106 includes a drive motor 1, which moves synchronously with the moving table 102. The drive motor 1 is fixed on the end of the mounting column 1021. A drive spindle 11 is fixed on the output end of the drive motor 1, and a grinding part 12 is fixed at the end of the drive spindle 11. Two positioning components 5 are slidably connected to both sides of the detection component 4 and slide vertically.

[0047] Furthermore, the drive motor 1 is fixed to the end of the mounting post 1021, and the grinding component 12 is preferably a grinding wheel, which grinds the annular weld seam through the annular outer wall of the grinding wheel.

[0048] Specifically, the first vertical rod 31 is radially distributed along the grinding part 12 (grinding wheel). In use, the grinding part 12 is located in the area below the inner cavity of the cylindrical workpiece 104.

[0049] Example 3 like Figures 6-8 As shown, the detection component 4 is mounted on the drive motor 1 or the end of the mounting column 1021 on the moving table 102 via the connecting part. The detection component 4 includes a lifting part. A first connecting frame 41 with a "U" shape is fixed on the moving end of the top of the lifting part. The lifting part is fixed on the connecting part. A self-rotating detection wheel 42 is mounted on the first connecting frame 41. The detection wheel 42 can overlap at the circumferential weld. Two positioning components 5 are slidably connected to both sides of the first connecting frame 41 through corresponding connecting components, and the overlapping surfaces of the two positioning components 5 protrude from the overlapping surfaces of the detection component 4. That is, in the normal state, the positioning components 5 protrude from the outside of the detection component 4.

[0050] like Figure 4As shown, the connecting part includes a support frame 2, which is disposed on the periphery of the drive spindle 11 and fixed on the end of the drive motor 1 or the mounting column 1021. The support frame 2 is fixed to the lifting part by a support rod 21. The lifting unit includes an electric push rod 3 arranged vertically. The electric push rod 3 is fixed on the support rod 21, and a telescopic first vertical rod 31 is fixed on the movable end of the top of the electric push rod 3. A first spring is sleeved on the surface of the first vertical rod 31, and the two ends of the first spring are respectively fixed to the two ends of the first vertical rod 31. The top end of the first vertical rod 31 is fixed to the bottom of the first connecting frame 41.

[0051] Preferably, it also includes a dusting part, which is disposed on the first connecting frame 41 at the bottom of the detection wheel 42, and when the detection wheel 42 rotates on the inner wall of the cylindrical workpiece 104, it drives the dusting part to remove the waste debris from its surface.

[0052] like Figure 8 As shown, the dusting part includes a rotating shaft 46 mounted on the first connecting frame 41, and the rotating shaft 46 can rotate on the first connecting frame 41. The rotating shaft 46 is located at the bottom of the detection wheel 42. An installation roller 47 is sleeved and fixed on the surface of the rotating shaft 46. A plurality of evenly distributed cleaning brushes 48 are fixed on the annular surface of the installation roller 47, and the cleaning brushes 48 overlap the annular surface of the detection wheel 42. The rotation shaft 46 is connected to the detection wheel 42 via the first transmission part.

[0053] Specifically, the first transmission part includes a first drive pulley 43 and a first driven pulley 45. A first transmission belt 44 is wound around the surface of the first drive pulley 43 and the first driven pulley 45. The first drive pulley 43 is coaxially fixed with the detection wheel 42, that is, it rotates synchronously with the detection wheel 42. The first driven pulley 45 is sleeved and fixed on the surface of the rotation shaft 46. The diameter of the first drive pulley 43 is larger than the diameter of the first driven pulley 45.

[0054] When the detection wheel 42 rotates, the first drive pulley 43, which is fixed coaxially with it, rotates synchronously. The first drive pulley 43 drives the first driven pulley 45 to rotate through the first transmission belt 44, thereby driving the rotation shaft 46 and the cleaning brush 48 on the surface of the rotation shaft 46 to rotate. Since the diameter of the first drive pulley 43 is larger than the diameter of the first driven pulley 45, the rotation speed of the cleaning brush 48 is greater than that of the detection wheel 42, which can brush away the debris on the surface of the detection wheel 42. Through the self-drive of the detection wheel 42, the debris on its annular surface is cleaned, thereby avoiding the debris accumulated on the surface of the detection wheel 42 from affecting the detection effect.

[0055] Preferred, such as Figure 9 As shown, a cleaning crossbar 49 with an embedded cleaning brush 48 is fixed on the first connecting frame 41 at the bottom of the mounting roller 47. After the rotating cleaning brush 48 passes the cleaning crossbar 49, the waste on its surface can be pushed off.

[0056] Furthermore, a dust collection shell is added to the first connecting frame 41 at the bottom of the cleaning crossbar 49 to collect the fallen debris.

[0057] Example 3 like Figure 10-13 As shown, the positioning component 5 includes a "U"-shaped second connecting frame 51, which is slidably connected to one side of the first connecting frame 41 via a connecting component. A self-rotating reference wheel 53 is installed on the second connecting frame 51, and the second connecting frame 51 can spring back after sliding on the first connecting frame 41.

[0058] When the positioning component 5 and the detection component 4 move under the drive of the lifting part, the reference wheel 53 on the positioning component 5 first overlaps with the inner wall of the cylindrical workpiece 104. During the above process, the first vertical rod 31 and the first spring on its surface do not deform.

[0059] As the movement continues, the detection wheel 42 overlaps with the annular quilting. During this process, the first vertical rod 31 and the first spring on its surface do not deform, and the second connecting frame 51 slides on the first connecting frame 41.

[0060] During continuous movement, when the difference between the detection wheel 42 and the reference wheel 53 no longer changes, the detection wheel 42 fully overlaps with the circumferential weld. During the above process, the first vertical rod 31 contracts, the first spring deforms, and the elastic potential energy required for reset is accumulated.

[0061] At this point, the difference between the detection wheel 42 and the reference wheel 53 in the radial direction of the grinding wheel and the drive spindle 11 is the excess height of the circumferential weld.

[0062] During the polishing process, the polishing excess height is detected in real time by the above difference to avoid over-polishing.

[0063] Specifically, when neither the reference wheel 53 nor the detection wheel 42 is in contact with the inner wall of the cylindrical workpiece 104 or the circumferential weld, the reference wheel 53 is higher than the detection wheel 42, that is, the overlapping end face of the reference wheel 53 is higher than the overlapping end face of the detection wheel 42.

[0064] Example 4 like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 11 As shown, the connecting assembly includes a guide rail 6 arranged vertically, the guide rail 6 is fixed on the outer wall of the first connecting frame 41, a slider 61 is slidably connected inside the guide rail 6, a connecting horizontal plate 52 is fixed on the slider 61, a second vertical rod 521 is fixed on the top side wall of the connecting horizontal plate 52, and the second connecting frame 51 is fixed on the top of the second vertical rod 521. A third vertical rod 71 is fixed on the bottom side wall of the connecting horizontal plate 52. The third vertical rod 71 is fixed on the first connecting frame 41 through the bearing horizontal plate 7. The third vertical rod 71 is telescopic, and a third spring is sleeved on the surface of the third vertical rod 71. The two ends of the third spring are respectively fixed to the two ends of the third vertical rod 71.

[0065] Preferably, the second vertical rod 521 can extend and retract slightly, and a second spring is sleeved on its surface.

[0066] Example 5 The guide rail 6 is equipped with a differential measurement component, which includes an LVDT linear displacement sensor. The body of the LVDT linear displacement sensor is embedded in the guide rail 6 along the axial direction of the guide rail 6 and is arranged coaxially with the guide rail 6 so that its measurement direction is consistent with the movement direction of the slider 61, thereby avoiding cosine error during the measurement process and improving measurement accuracy.

[0067] The LVDT linear displacement sensor includes a sensor body and a detection end (core rod / measuring rod) that can reciprocate along its axis. The detection end is connected to the slider 61. Preferably, the detection end is connected to the slider 61 through a top connection structure (such as a spherical top or a universal connector) set on the slider 61 to form an axial force transmission connection, thereby ensuring stable displacement transmission and eliminating the influence of installation error on the measurement results.

[0068] When slider 61 slides along guide rail 6, the detection end moves synchronously along the axial direction of LVDT sensor body with slider 61. LVDT linear displacement sensor converts this displacement into an electrical signal output, thereby realizing real-time detection of slider 61 position.

[0069] In practical use, the numerical relationship between the positions of slider 61 under different working conditions is used to measure the weld reinforcement height and determine the system status. 1. Initial free state (uncontacted) When neither the reference wheel 53 nor the detection wheel 42 is in contact with the inner wall of the cylindrical workpiece 104, the slider 61 is in its natural position, and the corresponding position value output by the LVDT at this time is recorded as a.

[0070] 2. Calibration status (zero-point calibration) When the reference wheel 53 and the detection wheel 42 simultaneously contact the inner wall of the cylindrical workpiece 104, and the top of the detection wheel 42 and the top of the reference wheel 53 are at the same level, the position value of the slider 61 is recorded as b.

[0071] in: The value b is the system's reference value (calibration value); In practical applications, this position can be defined as the zero-scale position.

[0072] 3. Measurement Status (Weld Inspection) When the detection wheel 42 overlaps with the inner surface of the annular weld, while the reference wheel 53 is still in contact with the inner wall of the cylindrical workpiece 104, the detection wheel 42 is lifted up due to the presence of weld reinforcement, which drives the slider 61 to move along the guide rail 6. The position of the slider 61 at this time is recorded as c.

[0073] The weld reinforcement height h can then be expressed as: h = |c b| That is, the absolute value of the difference between the current position of slider 61 and the zero mark position.

[0074] 4. Assessment of support condition (structural health monitoring) Furthermore, the difference between the initial state and the calibration state can be used to determine the working state of the support structure: Δ = |a b| When the difference Δ exceeds the preset range, it indicates that the third spring has failed to provide effective support for the third vertical rod 71, which may be due to spring fatigue failure, insufficient stiffness, or abnormal installation. This allows for online monitoring of the structural stability of the device.

[0075] After the reference wheel 53 first overlaps with the inner wall of the cylindrical workpiece 104, the lifting part continues to drive the first connecting frame 41 to move. At this time, the third vertical rod 71 retracts, the third spring deforms, and accumulates the elastic potential energy required for rebound and reset.

[0076] The electric push rod 3 on the lifting unit extends or retracts, driving the first connecting frame 41 to rise or fall.

[0077] Preferably, the surface of the guide rail 6 is covered with a soft protective cover, the cover being closed to the connection between the slider 61 and the bearing plate 7, and the slider 61 sliding is not affected by the protective cover.

[0078] The absolute grinding depth is determined by the obtained detection height value, thereby avoiding over-grinding.

[0079] Example 6 like Figure 10-13 As shown, it also includes a cleaning part 56 for removing debris from the surface of the reference wheel 53, with the cleaning end of the cleaning part 56 overlapping the annular surface of the reference wheel 53. The impurity removal section 56 is rotatably connected to the second connecting frame 51, and the rotating reference wheel 53 drives the self-cleaning section to periodically push the impurity removal section 56 to rotate, thereby shaking off the waste debris accumulated on the cleaning end of the impurity removal section 56.

[0080] The impurity removal section 56 includes a first scraper 563 overlapping the annular surface of the reference wheel 53. A second connecting rod 562 is fixed at the bottom end of the first scraper 563. The second connecting rod 562 is rotatably connected to a first fixed frame 561. The first fixed frame 561 is fixed to the first connecting frame 41. A first coil spring is provided at the rotatable connection between the first fixed frame 561 and the second connecting rod 562. The two sides of the first coil spring are respectively fixed on the first fixed frame 561 and the second connecting rod 562. The spring force of the coil spring causes the first scraper 563 to overlap the surface of the reference wheel 53. The first scraper 563 is the cleaning end face of the impurity removal part 56.

[0081] As a preferred technical solution of this embodiment, the self-cleaning part includes a synchronous crossbar 55, both ends of which are mounted on the second connecting frame 51 and can rotate on the second connecting frame 51. The synchronous bar is connected to the reference wheel 53 through the second transmission part. A pushing member is mounted on the surface of the synchronous crossbar 55. The rotating pushing member pushes the impurity removal part 56 to rotate in a direction away from the reference wheel 53, thereby realizing the self-cleaning of the impurity removal part 56.

[0082] Specifically, the second transmission unit includes a second drive pulley 541 and a second driven pulley 543. A second transmission belt 542 is wound around the surfaces of the second drive pulley 541 and the second driven pulley 543. The second drive pulley 541 is coaxially fixed with the reference pulley 53. The second driven pulley 543 is sleeved and fixed on the outer wall of the synchronous crossbar 55. The diameter of the second drive pulley 541 is smaller than the diameter of the second driven pulley 543, thereby reducing the frequency of triggering the self-cleaning unit.

[0083] Furthermore, the pushing component includes a first connecting rod 551, which is fixed on the synchronous crossbar 55 and is arranged perpendicular to the synchronous crossbar 55. A driving arc plate 552 is fixed to the end of the first connecting rod 551. The rotating driving arc plate 552 can overlap with the transmission arc plate 565 and push the transmission arc plate 565 to move away from the reference wheel 53. The driving arc plate 552 is fixed on the second connecting rod 562 through the transmission rod 564.

[0084] Specifically, a connecting shaft 54 ​​is fixed at the center of the circular surfaces on both sides of the reference wheel 53, and both connecting shafts 54 are mounted on the second connecting frame 51 and can rotate on the second connecting frame 51. The second drive pulley 541 is sleeved and fixed on the connecting shaft 54.

[0085] When the reference wheel 53 rotates on the inner wall of the cylindrical workpiece 104, the connecting shaft 54 ​​and the second drive pulley 541 on the connecting shaft 54 ​​rotate synchronously. The second driven pulley 543 is driven to rotate through the second transmission belt 542, thereby driving the synchronous crossbar 55 to rotate. The drive arc plate 552 on the synchronous crossbar 55 also moves in a circular trajectory.

[0086] As the drive arc plate 552 rotates past the transmission arc plate 565, the drive arc plate 552 pushes the first scraper 563 to rotate in a direction away from the reference wheel 53 through the transmission arc plate 565. When the drive arc plate 552 disengages from the transmission arc plate 565, the first scraper 563 resets under the action of the first coil spring and re-engages with the surface of the reference wheel 53.

[0087] Example 7 like Figure 10 and 11 As shown, it also includes a pre-cleaning section 57. The pre-cleaning section 57 and the impurity removal section 56 are located on both sides of the reference wheel 53. The pre-cleaning section 57 includes a first support rod 572. The first support rod 572 is inclined towards the side away from the reference wheel 53. One end of the first support rod 572 is rotatably connected to the second connecting frame 51 through the second fixing frame 571, and the other end is rotatably connected to the second scraper 574 through the third fixing frame 573. The second scraper 574 protrudes from the top of the reference wheel 53. A second coil spring and a third coil spring are respectively provided at the connection points between the two ends of the first support rod 572 and the second fixed frame 571 and the third fixed frame 573. The two ends of the second coil spring are respectively fixed on the first support rod 572 and the second fixed frame 571, and the two ends of the third coil spring are respectively fixed on the first support rod 572 and the third fixed frame 573.

[0088] When neither the second nor the third coil spring deforms, the first support rod 572 and the second scraper 574 are both inclined toward the side away from the reference wheel 53, and the top of the second scraper 574 is higher than the top of the reference wheel 53.

[0089] The rotation direction of the detection wheel 42 is from the side of the second scraper 574 to the side of the first scraper 563.

[0090] Furthermore, the projection of the second scraper 574 in the radial direction of the reference wheel 53 covers the orthogonal projection of the reference wheel 53 in the same direction.

[0091] The second scraper 574 removes the debris on the annular track where the reference wheel 53 contacts the inner wall of the cylindrical workpiece 104, thus achieving pre-cleaning. In conjunction with the impurity removal unit 56, the influence of debris on the reference wheel 53 can be further eliminated.

[0092] When the reference wheel 53 moves towards the inner wall of the cylindrical workpiece 104 under the push of the lifting part, the second scraper 574 first contacts the inner wall of the cylindrical workpiece 104. Finally, under the action of the third coil spring, the second scraper 574 and the first support rod 572 do not rotate relative to each other, while the first support rod 572 and the second connecting frame 51 rotate relative to each other, so that the second scraper 574 overlaps the inner wall of the cylindrical workpiece 104. In the subsequent movement, the third coil spring also deforms, and the second scraper 574 rotates on the first support rod 572, but the second scraper 574 always overlaps the inner wall of the cylindrical workpiece 104.

[0093] Preferably, it also includes a limiting member, which includes a second support rod 575. The second support rod 575 is fixed on the outer wall of the first support rod 572 near the reference wheel 53. A rotatable pulley 576 is installed on the end of the second support rod 575. The height of the pulley 576 is between the top of the second scraper 574 and the top of the reference wheel 53.

[0094] When the second scraper 574 contacts the inner wall of the cylindrical workpiece 104, the pulley 576 contacts the inner wall of the cylindrical workpiece 104 before the reference wheel 53. By using the pulley 576 as the fulcrum of the second scraper 574, the second scraper 574 becomes more stable during the movement of the cylindrical workpiece 104.

[0095] This invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Any changes in shape or structure shall fall within the protection scope of this invention. The protection scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of this invention, but all such changes and modifications shall fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A device for detecting and grinding the inner surface of the circumferential weld of a cylindrical thin-walled workpiece, comprising a connecting table (105), wherein bases (101) are fixedly provided on both sides of the connecting table (105), wherein a fixing fixture (103) for placing a cylindrical workpiece (104) is provided on one side of the base (101), and a moving table (102) is provided on the other side of the base (101). A grinding mechanism (106) that can extend into the inner cavity of a cylindrical workpiece (104) is fixed on the movable stage (102), characterized in that: The grinding mechanism (106) is provided with a detection unit, which includes a detection component (4) and positioning components (5) respectively disposed on both sides of the detection component (4). The detection component (4) is used to overlap with the inner wall of the circumferential weld, and the two positioning components (5) are used to overlap with the inner walls of the cylindrical workpiece (104) on both sides of the circumferential weld. The difference between the overlapping surface of the detection component (4) and the overlapping surface of the positioning component (5) is used to characterize the welding reinforcement.

2. The equipment for detecting and grinding the excess height of the inner surface of the circumferential weld seam of a cylindrical thin-walled workpiece as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing fixture (103) includes two fixing components arranged side by side. The fixing components include two symmetrically arranged support arms (1031). Rotatable side positioning wheels (1033) are installed at the ends of the support arms (1031). It also includes a mounting vertical shaft (1032), on the surface of which a lifting platform (1034) is sleeved, and a self-rotating upper positioning wheel (1035) is mounted on the bottom of the lifting platform (1034), and the symmetrical planes of the two side positioning wheels (1033) pass through the center plane of the upper positioning wheel (1035); Both the upper positioning wheel (1035) and the side positioning wheel (1033) are connected to the motor drive.

3. The equipment for detecting and grinding the excess height of the inner surface of the circumferential weld seam of a cylindrical thin-walled workpiece as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding mechanism (106) includes a drive motor (1), which moves synchronously with the moving table (102). A drive spindle (11) is fixed on the output end of the drive motor (1), and a grinding part (12) is fixed at the end of the drive spindle (11). The two positioning components (5) are slidably connected to both sides of the detection component (4).

4. The equipment for detecting and grinding the excess height of the inner surface of the circumferential weld seam of cylindrical thin-walled workpieces as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The detection component (4) is mounted on a motor or a moving platform (102) via a connecting part. The detection component (4) includes a lifting part. A first connecting frame (41) with a "U" shape is fixed on the moving end of the top of the lifting part. A self-rotating detection wheel (42) is mounted on the first connecting frame (41). The detection wheel (42) can overlap at the circumferential weld. The two positioning components (5) are slidably connected to the two sides of the first connecting frame (41) through corresponding connecting components, and the overlapping surfaces of the two positioning components (5) protrude from the overlapping surfaces of the detection component (4).

5. The equipment for detecting and grinding the excess height of the inner surface of the circumferential weld seam of a cylindrical thin-walled workpiece as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting part includes a support frame (2), which is disposed on the periphery of the drive spindle (11) and fixed on the end of the drive motor (1) or the mounting column (1021). The support frame (2) is fixed to the lifting part by a support rod (21). The lifting unit includes an electric push rod (3) arranged vertically. The electric push rod (3) is fixed on the support rod (21), and a telescopic first vertical rod (31) is fixed on the moving end of the top of the electric push rod (3). A first spring is sleeved on the surface of the first vertical rod (31), and the top end of the first vertical rod (31) is fixed to the bottom of the first connecting frame (41).

6. The equipment for detecting and grinding the excess height of the inner surface of the circumferential weld seam of a cylindrical thin-walled workpiece as described in claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a dusting part, which is set on the first connecting frame (41) at the bottom of the detection wheel (42), and the detection wheel (42) rotates on the inner wall of the cylindrical workpiece (104) to drive the dusting part to remove the waste from its surface.

7. The equipment for detecting and grinding the excess height of the inner surface of the circumferential weld seam of a cylindrical thin-walled workpiece as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning component (5) includes a "U"-shaped second connecting frame (51), which is slidably connected to one side of the first connecting frame (41) through a connecting component. A self-rotating reference wheel (53) is installed on the second connecting frame (51), and the second connecting frame (51) can spring back after sliding on the first connecting frame (41).

8. The equipment for detecting and grinding the excess height of the inner surface of the circumferential weld seam of a cylindrical thin-walled workpiece as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting assembly includes a vertically arranged guide rail (6), which is fixed on the outer wall of the first connecting frame (41). A slider (61) is slidably connected inside the guide rail (6). A connecting horizontal plate (52) is fixed on the slider (61). A second vertical rod (521) is fixed on the top side wall of the connecting horizontal plate (52). The second connecting frame (51) is fixed at the top of the second vertical rod (521). A third vertical rod (71) is fixed on the bottom side wall of the connecting horizontal plate (52). The third vertical rod (71) is fixed on the first connecting frame (41) by the bearing horizontal plate (7). The third vertical rod (71) is telescopic, and a third spring is sleeved on the surface of the third vertical rod (71).

9. The equipment for detecting and grinding the excess height of the inner surface of the circumferential weld seam of a cylindrical thin-walled workpiece as described in claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a cleaning part (56) for removing debris from the surface of the reference wheel (53), the cleaning end of which overlaps the annular surface of the reference wheel (53); The impurity removal unit (56) is rotatably connected to the second connecting frame (51), and the rotating reference wheel (53) drives the self-cleaning unit to periodically push the impurity removal unit (56) to rotate.

10. The equipment for detecting and grinding the excess height of the inner surface of the circumferential weld seam of a cylindrical thin-walled workpiece as described in claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a pre-cleaning section (57), which and the impurity removal section (56) are located on both sides of the reference wheel (53). The pre-cleaning section (57) includes a first support rod (572), which is inclined toward the side away from the reference wheel (53). One end of the first support rod (572) is rotatably connected to the second connecting frame (51) through the second fixing frame (571), and the other end is rotatably connected to the second scraper (574) through the third fixing frame (573). The second scraper (574) protrudes from the top of the reference wheel (53). A second coil spring and a third coil spring are respectively provided at the connection points between the two ends of the first support rod (572) and the second fixing frame (571) and the third fixing frame (573).

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