All-synthetic aluminum alloy cutting fluid and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to a fully synthetic aluminum alloy cutting fluid. By weight, the fully synthetic aluminum alloy cutting fluid comprises the following components: a) 5-15 parts of organic acid; b) 10-20 parts of organic alcohol amine; c) 2-11 parts of self-emulsifying ester; d) 0.2-5 parts of corrosion inhibitor; e) 0-3 parts of bactericide; f) 0-0.1 parts of defoamer; h) 52-82 parts of water; wherein the self-emulsifying ester is a reaction product of a second organic acid, a polyol, and a polyether, and the molar ratio of the second organic acid, the polyol, and the polyether is 1:(0.6-1):(0.6-1). The cutting fluid of this invention, through the rational combination of its components and the addition of a specific self-emulsifying ester, can effectively improve the lubricity of water-based cutting fluids while maintaining excellent low-foaming properties. This invention also relates to a method for preparing the fully synthetic aluminum alloy cutting fluid and its applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aluminum alloy cutting fluid technology, and more particularly to fully synthetic aluminum alloy cutting fluid, its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] Cutting refers to the machining method of removing excess material from a workpiece using cutting tools to obtain parts with required geometric shapes, dimensional accuracy, and surface roughness. In glass cutting, cutting fluid or cutting oil is usually used in conjunction with cutting to extend tool life, improve the surface accuracy of the machined workpiece, reduce tool wear, and lower the temperature in the cutting zone, thereby improving machining efficiency.

[0003] Water-based aluminum alloy cutting fluids are used for protection during aluminum alloy machining processes and can be divided into semi-synthetic and fully synthetic cutting fluids. Semi-synthetic aluminum alloy cutting fluids are mainly composed of water and additives or a small amount of mineral oil, while fully synthetic cutting fluids do not contain mineral oil and have advantages such as long service life, good cooling performance, good cleaning properties, and better stability, making them widely used in the metalworking field. With the current urgent need for lightweighting in the automotive and aerospace industries, as well as the booming demand in computers, communications, and consumer electronics (3C products), the application scope of aluminum alloy materials is constantly expanding.

[0004] CN116478761A discloses a fully synthetic cutting fluid, which, based on 100 parts by weight, comprises: 15-30 parts of a mixture, 10-20 parts of a lubricant, 1-3 parts of a bactericide, 1-3 parts of an extreme pressure agent, 0.1-0.3 parts of a defoamer, and the remainder being water. The mixture is a mixture of the product of the reaction of succinic acid with excess triethanolamine and the product of the reaction of sulfonated dodecenylsuccinic acid with excess triethanolamine, with a succinic acid product to sulfonated dodecenylsuccinic acid product ratio of 2:3. The lubricants used all contain highly active ester groups in their molecular structure, easily adsorbing onto metal surfaces to form a strong lubricating film, exhibiting excellent friction and lubrication properties, and are not easily oxidized, have good biodegradability, and effectively ensure service life. This technology is for processing ferrous metals, unlike the cutting fluid described in this invention for processing aluminum alloys. The aforementioned cutting fluid cannot be used for aluminum alloy metal processing, as it will cause corrosion of the aluminum alloy material, affecting workpiece quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a fully synthetic aluminum alloy cutting fluid, its preparation method, and its application. This fully synthetic aluminum alloy cutting fluid is a water-based cutting fluid with excellent lubricity and low foaming properties.

[0006] Therefore, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a fully synthetic aluminum alloy cutting fluid, comprising, by weight, the following components:

[0007] a) First organic acid, 5-15 parts;

[0008] b) Organic alcohol amines, 10-20 parts;

[0009] c) Self-emulsifying ester, 2-11 parts;

[0010] d) Corrosion inhibitor, 0.2-5 parts;

[0011] e) Bactericide, 0-3 parts;

[0012] f) Defoamer, 0-0.1 parts;

[0013] h) Water, 52-82 parts;

[0014] The self-emulsifying ester comprises a reaction product of a second organic acid, a polyol, and a polyether, wherein the molar ratio of the second organic acid, the polyol, and the polyether is 1:(0.6-1):(0.6-1).

[0015] Specifically, the fully synthetic aluminum alloy cutting fluid of the present invention can effectively improve the lubricity of water-based cutting fluids by rationally matching the components and adding specific self-emulsifying esters, while maintaining excellent low-foaming properties.

[0016] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the molar ratio of the second organic acid, polyol and polyether is 1:1:(0.6-1).

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the molar ratio of the second organic acid, polyol and polyether is 1:1:1.

[0018] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the cutting fluid comprises the following components by weight:

[0019] a) The primary organic acid, 6-10 parts; and / or

[0020] b) Organic alcohol amines, 11-15 parts; and / or

[0021] c) Self-emulsifying ester, 4-10 parts; and / or

[0022] d) Corrosion inhibitor, 0.2-3 parts; and / or

[0023] e) Fungicide, 0.5-2 parts; and / or

[0024] f) Defoamer, 0.05-0.08 parts; and / or

[0025] h) Water, 57-78 parts, more preferably 62-72 parts.

[0026] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the second organic acid is a C5-C18 straight-chain or branched monocarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid; preferably, the second organic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid; and / or

[0027] The polyol is a C2-C6 diol and / or triol, preferably ethylene glycol and / or glycerol; and / or

[0028] The polyether is an alkoxy polyether polymerized from the same or different cyclic ether compounds. Preferably, the number average molecular weight of the alkoxy polyether is 800-4000 Da, more preferably 1000-3000 Da, more preferably 1300-2800 Da, and even more preferably 2000-2500 Da. Preferably, the alkoxy polyether is end-capped by an alkoxy group, and more preferably, the alkoxy polyether is end-capped by a single alkoxy group. The alkoxy group is selected from methoxy, ethoxy, and epoxy groups.

[0029] The self-emulsifying ester has a number-average molecular weight of 200-3000 Da, preferably 400-2500 Da, more preferably 600-2000 Da, and even more preferably 800-1500 Da.

[0030] Specifically, the self-emulsifying ester of the present invention is limited to the reaction product of the above-mentioned specific raw materials. The addition of this specific self-emulsifying ester can effectively improve the lubricity of water-based cutting fluids while maintaining excellent low-foaming properties.

[0031] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the cyclic ether compound includes ethylene oxide and propylene oxide; preferably, the polyether is copolymerized from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide; preferably, the molar ratio of ethylene oxide to propylene oxide is 40:60-60:40, more preferably 50:50; and / or

[0032] The unsaturated fatty acids include at least one of tetradecenoic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid.

[0033] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the preparation of the self-emulsifying ester includes the following steps: under the protection of an inert gas, the second organic acid, polyol and polyether react to obtain an esterification product, and then dehydrate to obtain the self-emulsifying ester;

[0034] Preferably, the reaction conditions include: a temperature of 180℃-250℃ and / or a time of 4-6 hours.

[0035] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the first organic acid is a C6-C18 dicarboxylic acid, more preferably a C6-C12 dicarboxylic acid, preferably including at least one of azelaic acid, sebacic acid, and dodecanoic acid, more preferably sebacic acid; and / or,

[0036] The organic alcohol amines include at least one of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine.

[0037] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the corrosion inhibitor includes at least one of phosphate ester, benzotriazole, and methylbenzotriazole.

[0038] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the bactericide includes at least one of N,N-methylenedimorpholine and n-butylbenzoisothiazolinone.

[0039] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the defoamer includes organosiloxane compounds, preferably, the organosiloxane compounds include at least one of polydimethylsiloxane, fluorosiloxane, and ethylene glycol siloxane.

[0040] Therefore, in a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned fully synthetic aluminum alloy cutting fluid, comprising the following steps: mixing a first organic acid, an organic alcohol amine, a self-emulsifying ester, and a corrosion inhibitor, adding a bactericide, water, and an antifoaming agent, and continuing to stir until homogeneous.

[0041] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the stirring conditions include: a stirring rate of 300-500 rpm, and / or a stirring time of 90-150 min, and / or a stirring temperature of 50-60°C; and / or the conditions for continued stirring include: a stirring rate of 300-500 rpm, and / or a stirring time of 30-90 min, and / or a stirring temperature of 30-40°C.

[0042] Therefore, in a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for machining aluminum alloys, wherein the above-mentioned fully synthetic aluminum alloy cutting fluid or the fully synthetic aluminum alloy cutting fluid prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method is used in the aluminum alloy machining process.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0044] 1. The fully synthetic aluminum alloy cutting fluid provided by this invention is a water-based cutting fluid with excellent lubricity and low foaming properties. When end-users experience insufficient lubrication in their field operations, this invention can improve lubricity.

[0045] 2. The fully synthetic aluminum alloy cutting fluid provided by this invention can meet the cutting requirements of various working conditions and is easy to use. Compared with traditional cutting fluid products, this invention is highly targeted, directly solves customer problems, and is less expensive. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise specified in the examples, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer are followed. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available conventional products.

[0047] The specific information of the reagents used in the various embodiments of the present invention is as follows:

[0048] Sebacic acid is produced by Jiangsu Zhongzheng Biochemical Co., Ltd.

[0049] The effective content of triethanolamine is above 99 wt%;

[0050] The trade name for benzotriazole is T706;

[0051] The trade name for organosiloxanes is MS-575.

[0052] Preparation Example 1

[0053] (1) Prepare the raw materials according to the following mass proportions:

[0054] Unsaturated fatty acids (oleic acid): 30 parts; polyols (glycerol): 30 parts; alkoxy polyethers: 40 parts (composed of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide copolymerized in a molar ratio of 50:50, with a number average molecular weight of 2000 Da, the alkoxy polyethers are end-capped by a single alkoxy (methoxy) group);

[0055] (2) The above raw materials were heated to 220°C under the protection of inert gas and the reaction was continued for 5 hours to obtain esterified products, which were then dehydrated to obtain self-emulsifying esters (number average molecular weight of 1200 Da).

[0056] Example 1

[0057] (1) Prepare raw materials in parts by weight, with a total quantity of 100 parts:

[0058] a) Sebacic acid: 10 parts; b) Triethanolamine: 15 parts; c) Self-emulsifying ester prepared in Example 1: 4 parts; d) Benzotriazole: 0.2 parts; e) N,N-methylenedimorpholine: 0.5 parts; f) Defoamer, organosiloxane MS-575: 0.05 parts; balance: water;

[0059] (2) Preparation of fully synthetic cutting fluid

[0060] S1: Mix organic acid, organic alcohol amine, self-emulsifying ester, and corrosion inhibitor until homogeneous to obtain the first mixture.

[0061] S2: Add bactericide, distilled water and defoamer to the first mixture obtained in step S1 and continue stirring until uniform to obtain the product.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] (1) Prepare raw materials in parts by weight, with a total quantity of 100 parts:

[0064] a) Sebacic acid: 10 parts; b) Triethanolamine: 15 parts; c) Self-emulsifying ester prepared in Example 1: 6 parts; d) Benzotriazole: 0.2 parts; e) N,N-methylenedimorpholine: 0.5 parts; f) Defoamer, organosiloxane MS-575: 0.05 parts; balance: water;

[0065] (2) Preparation of fully synthetic cutting fluid

[0066] S1: Mix organic acid, organic alcohol amine, self-emulsifying ester, and corrosion inhibitor until homogeneous to obtain the first mixture.

[0067] S2: Add bactericide, distilled water and defoamer to the first mixture obtained in step S1 and continue stirring until uniform to obtain the product.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] (1) Prepare raw materials in parts by weight, with a total quantity of 100 parts:

[0070] a) Sebacic acid: 10 parts; b) Triethanolamine: 15 parts; c) Self-emulsifying ester prepared in Example 1: 8 parts; d) Benzotriazole: 0.2 parts; e) N,N-methylenedimorpholine: 0.5 parts; f) Defoamer, organosiloxane MS-575: 0.05 parts; balance: water;

[0071] (2) Preparation of fully synthetic cutting fluid

[0072] S1: Mix organic acid, organic alcohol amine, self-emulsifying ester, and corrosion inhibitor until homogeneous to obtain the first mixture.

[0073] S2: Add bactericide, distilled water and defoamer to the first mixture obtained in step S1 and continue stirring until uniform to obtain the product.

[0074] Example 4

[0075] (1) Prepare raw materials in parts by weight, with a total quantity of 100 parts:

[0076] a) Sebacic acid: 10 parts; b) Triethanolamine: 15 parts; c) Self-emulsifying ester prepared in Example 1: 10 parts; d) Benzotriazole: 0.2 parts; e) N,N-methylenedimorpholine: 0.5 parts; f) Defoamer, organosiloxane MS-575: 0.05 parts; balance: water;

[0077] (2) Preparation of fully synthetic cutting fluid

[0078] S1: Mix organic acid, organic alcohol amine, self-emulsifying ester, and corrosion inhibitor until homogeneous to obtain the first mixture.

[0079] S2: Add bactericide, distilled water and defoamer to the first mixture obtained in step S1 and continue stirring until uniform to obtain the product.

[0080] Comparative Example 1

[0081] The preparation was carried out according to the steps of Example 1, except that the self-emulsifying ester obtained in Preparation Example 1 was not added.

[0082] Comparative Example 2

[0083] The preparation was carried out according to the steps of Example 1, except that the self-emulsifying ester obtained in Preparation Example 1 was replaced with the self-emulsifying ester Priolube 3955.

[0084] Comparative Example 3

[0085] The preparation was carried out according to the steps of Example 1, except that the self-emulsifying ester obtained in Preparation Example 1 was replaced with self-emulsifying ester ML955.

[0086] Comparative Example 4

[0087] (1) Prepare raw materials in parts by weight, with a total quantity of 100 parts:

[0088] a) Sebacic acid: 10 parts; b) Triethanolamine: 15 parts; c) Self-emulsifying ester prepared in Example 1: 12 parts; d) Benzotriazole: 0.2 parts; e) N,N-methylenedimorpholine: 0.5 parts; f) Defoamer, organosiloxane MS-575: 0.05 parts; balance: water;

[0089] (2) Preparation of fully synthetic cutting fluid

[0090] S1: Mix organic acid, organic alcohol amine, self-emulsifying ester, and corrosion inhibitor until homogeneous to obtain the first mixture.

[0091] S2: Add bactericide, distilled water and defoamer to the first mixture obtained in step S1 and continue stirring until uniform to obtain the product.

[0092] Comparative Example 5

[0093] (1) Prepare the raw materials according to the following mass proportions:

[0094] Unsaturated fatty acids (oleic acid): 30 parts; polyols (glycerol): 30 parts; alkoxy polyethers: 40 parts (copolymerized from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide in a molar ratio of 50:50, with a number average molecular weight of 2000-2500 Da);

[0095] (2) The unsaturated fatty acids and polyols in the above raw materials are heated to 220°C under the protection of inert gas and the reaction is continued for 5 hours. Then the product is dehydrated to obtain the esterified product, which is then mixed with alkoxy polyether to obtain mixed ester A.

[0096] (3) The preparation was carried out according to the steps of Example 1, except that the self-emulsifying ester prepared in Preparation Example 1 was replaced with mixed ester A.

[0097] Test Example 1

[0098] The cutting fluids obtained in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were added to distilled water at a weight percentage of 10% for performance testing.

[0099] The tapping torque of 10% diluted solution was tested using a Microtap G8 tapping torque meter. The torque testing machine is an experimental method that simulates metal tapping. The tapping test is conducted on the test plate using a tap, and different cutting fluids are selected as the cooling medium. The torque during the tapping process is collected. The test conditions are as follows: 6061 aluminum plate, 1200 r / min. The smaller the value of the tapping torque of 10% diluted solution, the better the lubrication performance.

[0100] The test method for the maximum non-seize load Pb is GB / T 3142 "Test of Lubricant Carrying Capacity - Four-Ball Method". The larger the value of the maximum non-seize load Pb, the better the lubrication performance.

[0101] The foam performance (foaming height and defoaming time) was tested using the hand-shaking defoaming method. 70 ml of a 10% diluted solution was placed in a 100 ml graduated cylinder and shaken up and down 100-120 times within one minute. The foam height and disappearance time were then judged.

[0102] The components and their contents in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-5 are listed in Table 1. The products obtained in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were subjected to corresponding performance tests, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0103] Table 1

[0104]

[0105]

[0106] Table 2

[0107]

[0108]

[0109] As shown in Tables 1 and 2, compared to Comparative Example 1, Example 1, by incorporating the self-emulsifying ester prepared in Example 1, exhibited a significant decrease in the tapping torque of the 10% dilution of the cutting fluid composition and a significant increase in the maximum non-seize load Pb, while maintaining similar low-foaming properties. This indicates that the cutting fluid composition prepared in Example 1 has better lubrication performance, and the addition of the self-emulsifying ester significantly improves lubrication performance.

[0110] As shown in Tables 1 and 2, compared to Comparative Examples 2-3, Example 1 incorporated the self-emulsifying ester prepared in Example 1, while Comparative Examples 2-3 incorporated self-emulsifying esters 3955 and ML955, respectively. The cutting fluid composition obtained in Example 1, with a 10% dilution, exhibited significantly lower tapping torque and a significantly higher maximum non-seize load (Pb). This indicates that the cutting fluid composition prepared in Example 1 has better lubrication performance, and the addition of the self-emulsifying ester significantly improves lubrication performance. Furthermore, compared to Comparative Examples 2-3, the cutting fluid composition obtained in Example 1 exhibits superior low-foaming properties.

[0111] As shown in Tables 1 and 2, and in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Example 4, the amount of self-emulsifying ester added should not be too high, otherwise it will result in the cutting fluid separating. Examples 1-4 also show that, within an appropriate range, increasing the amount of self-emulsifying ester added can improve the lubrication performance of the cutting fluid composition.

[0112] In summary, as shown in Tables 1 and 2, the cutting fluids prepared in Examples 1-4 do not corrode metals. Furthermore, comparing Examples 1-4 with Comparative Examples 1-5 reveals that the tapping torque of the 10% dilution of the cutting fluid compositions prepared in Examples 1-4 is significantly reduced, while the maximum non-seize load Pb is significantly increased. This indicates that the cutting fluid compositions prepared in Examples 1-4 have better lubrication performance, and the addition of self-emulsifying ester significantly improves lubrication performance.

[0113] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and apply the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be easily made to these embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention. Adding other functional additives to the preparation components of the present invention to give the composite material corresponding properties is also protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully synthetic aluminum alloy cutting fluid, characterized in that, By weight, it comprises the following components: a) The first organic acid, 5-15 parts; preferably 6-10 parts; b) Organic alcohol amines, 10-20 parts; preferably 11-15 parts; c) Self-emulsifying ester, 2-11 parts; preferably 4-10 parts; d) Corrosion inhibitor, 0.2-5 parts; preferably 0.2-3 parts; e) Bactericide, 0-3 parts; preferably 0.5-2 parts; f) Defoamer, 0-0.1 parts; preferably 0.05-0.08 parts; h) Water, 52-82 parts; preferably 57-78 parts; The self-emulsifying ester comprises a reaction product of a second organic acid, a polyol, and a polyether, wherein the molar ratio of the second organic acid, the polyol, and the polyether is 1:(0.6-1):(0.6-1).

2. The cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second organic acid is a C5-C18 straight-chain or branched monocarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid; preferably, the second organic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid; and / or The polyol is a C2-C6 diol and / or triol, preferably ethylene glycol and / or glycerol; and / or The polyether is an alkoxy polyether polymerized from the same or different cyclic ether compounds. Preferably, the number average molecular weight of the alkoxy polyether is 800-4000 Da, more preferably 1000-3000 Da, more preferably 1300-2800 Da, and even more preferably 2000-2500 Da. Preferably, the alkoxy polyether is end-capped by an alkoxy group, and more preferably, the alkoxy polyether is end-capped by a single alkoxy group. The alkoxy group is selected from methoxy, ethoxy, and epoxy groups. The self-emulsifying ester has a number-average molecular weight of 200-3000 Da, preferably 400-2500 Da, more preferably 600-2000 Da, and even more preferably 800-1500 Da.

3. The cutting fluid according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cyclic ether compound includes ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. Preferably, the polyether is copolymerized from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. Preferably, the molar ratio of ethylene oxide to propylene oxide is 40:60-60:40; and / or The unsaturated fatty acids include at least one of tetradecenoic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid.

4. The cutting fluid according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The preparation of the self-emulsifying ester includes the following steps: Under the protection of an inert gas, the second organic acid, polyol and polyether react to obtain an esterification product, which is then dehydrated to obtain a self-emulsifying ester. Preferably, the reaction conditions include: a temperature of 180℃-250℃ and / or a time of 4-6 hours.

5. The cutting fluid according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The first organic acid is a C6-C18 dicarboxylic acid, preferably a C6-C12 dicarboxylic acid, and preferably includes at least one of azelaic acid, sebacic acid, and dodecanoic acid; and / or, The organic alcohol amines include at least one of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine.

6. The cutting fluid according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The corrosion inhibitor includes at least one of phosphate ester, benzotriazole, and methylbenzotriazole; and / or, The bactericide includes at least one of N,N-methylenedimorpholine and n-butylbenzoisothiazolinone.

7. The cutting fluid according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The defoamer includes organosiloxane compounds, preferably, the organosiloxane compounds include at least one of polydimethylsiloxane, fluorosiloxane, and ethylene glycol siloxane.

8. A method for preparing a fully synthetic aluminum alloy cutting fluid according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: mixing the first organic acid, organic alcohol amine, self-emulsifying ester, and corrosion inhibitor, stirring until homogeneous, adding bactericide, water, and defoamer, and continuing to stir until homogeneous.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The stirring conditions include: a stirring rate of 300–500 rpm, and / or a stirring time of 90–150 min, and / or a stirring temperature of 50–60°C; and / or, The conditions for continued stirring include: a stirring rate of 300–500 rpm, and / or a stirring time of 30–90 min, and / or a stirring temperature of 30–40 °C.

10. A method for machining aluminum alloys, characterized in that, The fully synthetic aluminum alloy cutting fluid of any one of claims 1-7 or the fully synthetic aluminum alloy cutting fluid prepared by the preparation method of claim 8 or 9 is used in the aluminum alloy cutting process.

Images