A cooling water assisted slagging-out method for small-angle reverse-well drilling crossing of an oil and gas pipeline

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of trenchless pipeline crossing technology, specifically to a cooling water-assisted cuttings removal method for small-angle reverse drilling crossings of oil and gas pipelines. A cuttings removal system is employed, comprising a reverse drilling rig installed on the surface, a water tank and a water pump, and a collection trough located at the end of the pipeline crossing hole. The water tank is connected to the inlet of the water pump, and a flow regulating valve is installed on the pipe connected to the outlet of the water pump. A detection module is installed on the drill bit assembly of the reverse drilling rig. The detection module is electrically connected to the flow regulating valve via a PLC controller and can detect the amount of cuttings discharged, the cutting tool temperature of the drill bit assembly, and the dust concentration. This invention utilizes an annular flow channel formed by the drill pipe and the guide hole wall to transport cooling water, and precisely splashes and cools the cutting tool through the centrifugal force of the rotating drill bit assembly. It features a simple structure and high functional integration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of trenchless crossing construction technology for oil and gas pipelines, specifically to a cooling water-assisted slag removal method for small-angle reverse drilling crossings of oil and gas pipelines. Background Technology

[0002] In small-angle (30°–45°) reverse drilling crossings of oil and gas pipelines, cuttings removal efficiency directly affects construction progress and quality. Existing technologies have the following shortcomings:

[0003] 1. Difficulty in removing cuttings: At small angles, cuttings are difficult to remove by natural chute. Mechanical cuttings removal equipment is complex and has poor adaptability, which can easily lead to cuttings accumulating and jamming the drill.

[0004] 2. Lack of cutter cooling: Traditional reverse drilling does not integrate cutter cooling function for small-angle working conditions, resulting in rapid wear of the cutter at high temperatures, reducing construction efficiency and equipment life;

[0005] 3. Severe dust pollution: There are no effective means to suppress the dust generated by rock breaking, which affects the construction environment and the health of personnel.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an integrated technology that can synergistically solve the problems of small-angle cuttings discharge, cutter cooling, and dust suppression. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The main objective of this invention is to provide a cooling water-assisted cuttings removal method for small-angle reverse drilling crossings of oil and gas pipelines, which offers efficient and convenient cuttings removal and good cuttings cooling effect.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by this invention is as follows:

[0009] A cooling water-assisted cuttings removal method for small-angle riser drilling through oil and gas pipelines employs a cuttings removal system. The system includes a riser rig installed on the surface, a water tank, a water pump, and a collection trough located at the end of the pipeline crossing hole. The water tank is connected to the inlet of the water pump, and a flow regulating valve is installed on the pipe connected to the outlet of the water pump. The method is characterized by a detection module installed on the drill bit assembly of the riser rig. The detection module is electrically connected to the flow regulating valve via a PLC controller and can detect the amount of cuttings discharged, the cutting tool temperature of the drill bit assembly, and the dust concentration.

[0010] It also includes the following steps:

[0011] S1. A guide hole is opened on the ground to connect the pipe through the hole;

[0012] S2. A water tank and a water pump are installed next to the guide hole. The pipe connected to the outlet of the water pump is laid along the outer wall of the drill rod of the raise boring machine to the opening of the guide hole. After the drill rod of the raise boring machine is lowered into the guide hole, the outer wall of the drill rod and the wall of the guide hole naturally form an annular flow channel, which serves as a cooling water channel.

[0013] S3. After the lower end of the drill rod moves to the pipe penetration hole, install the drill bit assembly at the lower end of the drill rod;

[0014] S4. Set a collection trough inside the pipe penetration hole, and make the collection trough correspond to the guide hole;

[0015] S5. Start the water pump. The cooling water in the water tank is sent to the guide hole through the flow regulating valve and pipeline. The cooling water in the guide hole flows down into the annular flow channel between the outer wall of the drill rod and the wall of the guide hole.

[0016] S6. Start the reverse drilling. The drill bit assembly rotates to break the rock. The cooling water in the guide hole flows to the drill bit assembly through the annular flow channel. Under the centrifugal force of the drill bit assembly, the cooling water splashes onto the cutting tools of the drill bit assembly to cool them. At the same time, the cooling water washes away the rock cuttings and flows along the enlarged hole opened by the drill bit assembly to the collection tank.

[0017] Specifically, in step S1, the angle between the axis of the guide hole and the horizontal plane is 35° to 45°.

[0018] Specifically, the flow regulating valve has an adjustment range of 1.0 m³ / h to 5.0 m³ / h.

[0019] Specifically, the drill bit assembly uses a small-diameter drill bit with a diameter of less than or equal to 1.4m, the number of cutting tools on the drill bit assembly is less than or equal to 6, and the rotational speed of the drill bit assembly is between 80 r / min and 120 r / min.

[0020] Specifically, the raised drilling rig includes a base plate, a mounting plate whose lower end is rotatably connected to the base plate, a first hydraulic rod whose upper end is rotatably connected to the mounting plate, a first hydraulic rod whose lower end is rotatably connected to the base plate, a drilling rig body which is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate, a straightening sleeve which can straighten the drill rod which is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate, a straightening sleeve whose end is away from the mounting plate which is fixedly connected to one end of a second hydraulic rod, and a support which is rotatably connected to the other end of the second hydraulic rod.

[0021] Specifically, the detection module includes an infrared temperature sensor, a laser scattering dust sensor, and a solid particle flow meter.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] 1. By using the small-diameter drill bit assembly to rotate and splash cooling water, cuttings can be discharged, the tool can be cooled, and dust can be suppressed simultaneously, making it suitable for small-angle working conditions of 35° to 45°.

[0024] 2. Cooling water is transported through an annular flow channel formed by the drill rod and the guide hole wall. The centrifugal force of the rotating drill bit assembly precisely splashes and cools the cutting tool. The structure is simple and the functionality is highly integrated.

[0025] 3. Adjust the cooling water flow rate and drill bit assembly speed in real time according to the lithology and angle to ensure efficient slag removal under different working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the drill bit assembly rotating to break rock.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a drill bit assembly.

[0028] The components in the attached diagram are named as follows: 1. Water tank, 2. Water pump, 3. Base plate, 4. Mounting plate, 5. First hydraulic rod, 6. Drill rig body, 7. Centering sleeve, 8. Second hydraulic rod, 9. Support, 10. Drill rod, 11. Drill bit assembly, 12. Reamer, 13. Collection tank, 14. Cutting tool, 15. Guide hole, 16. Detection module, 17. Flow regulating valve. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0030] like Figures 1-2 As shown, a cooling water-assisted slag removal method for small-angle reverse drilling crossings of oil and gas pipelines employs a slag removal system. The slag removal system includes a reverse drilling rig installed on the ground, a water tank 1, a water pump 2, and a collection tank 13 located at the end of the pipeline crossing hole. The water tank 1 is connected to the inlet of the water pump 2, and a flow regulating valve 17 is installed on the pipeline connected to the outlet of the water pump 2. The flow regulating valve 17 has an adjustment range of 1.0 m³ / h to 5.0 m³ / h.

[0031] The drill bit assembly 11 of the raise boring machine is equipped with a detection module 16. The detection module 16 is electrically connected to the flow regulating valve 17 through a PLC controller. The detection module 16 can detect the amount of cuttings discharged, the temperature of the cutter 14 of the drill bit assembly 11, and the dust concentration.

[0032] The detection module 16 includes an infrared temperature sensor, a laser scattering dust sensor, and a solid particle flow meter. The infrared temperature sensor is used to detect the cutting tool temperature, the laser scattering dust sensor is used to detect the dust concentration, and the solid particle flow meter is used to detect the amount of cuttings discharged.

[0033] The drill bit assembly 11 uses a small-diameter drill bit with a diameter of less than or equal to 1.4m. The number of cutting tools 14 on the drill bit assembly 11 is less than or equal to 6. The rotational speed of the drill bit assembly 11 is between 80 r / min and 120 r / min.

[0034] The raise boring machine includes a base plate 3, a mounting plate 4 whose lower end is rotatably connected to the base plate 3, a first hydraulic rod 5 whose upper end is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 4, and a first hydraulic rod 5 whose lower end is rotatably connected to the base plate 3. The drilling rig body 6 is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 4. A straightening sleeve 7 that can straighten the drill rod 10 is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 4. The end of the straightening sleeve 7 away from the mounting plate 4 is fixedly connected to one end of the second hydraulic rod 8. The other end of the second hydraulic rod 8 is rotatably connected to a support 9.

[0035] Activating the first hydraulic rod 5 adjusts the tilt angle of the mounting plate 4 and the drilling rig body 6, ensuring that the drill rod 10 aligns with and is parallel to the guide hole 15. Activating the second hydraulic rod 8 brings the support 9 firmly against the ground. The combined action of the first and second hydraulic rods 5 and 8 stabilizes the mounting plate 4, ensuring the stability of the drilling rig body 6 during operation. The straightening sleeve 7 straightens the drill rod 10 during its rotation and lifting.

[0036] A cooling water-assisted slag removal method for small-angle reverse drilling crossings of oil and gas pipelines includes the following steps:

[0037] S1. A guide hole 15 is opened on the ground to connect the pipe through hole;

[0038] S2. A water tank 1 and a water pump 2 are installed next to the guide hole 15. The pipe connected to the outlet end of the water pump 2 is laid along the outer wall of the drill rod 10 of the raise drilling rig to the opening of the guide hole 15. After the drill rod 10 of the raise drilling rig is lowered into the guide hole 15, the outer wall of the drill rod 10 and the hole wall of the guide hole 15 naturally form an annular flow channel, which serves as a cooling water channel.

[0039] S3. After the lower end of the drill rod 10 moves to the pipe penetration hole, the drill bit assembly 11 is installed at the lower end of the drill rod 10.

[0040] S4. Set a collection groove 13 in the pipe through hole, and make the collection groove 13 correspond to the guide hole 15;

[0041] S5. Start water pump 2. Cooling water in water tank 1 is sent to guide hole 15 through flow regulating valve 17 and pipeline. Cooling water in guide hole 15 flows down into the annular flow channel between the outer wall of drill rod 10 and the hole wall of guide hole 15.

[0042] S6. Start the reverse drilling. The drill bit assembly 11 rotates to break the rock. The cooling water in the guide hole 15 flows to the drill bit assembly 11 through the annular flow channel. Under the centrifugal force of the drill bit assembly 11, the cooling water splashes onto the cutting tool 14 of the drill bit assembly 11 to cool it. At the same time, the cooling water washes away the rock cuttings and flows along the enlarged hole 12 opened by the drill bit assembly 11 to the collection tank 13.

[0043] In step S1, the angle between the axis of the guide hole 15 and the horizontal plane is 35° to 45°.

[0044] Taking a 42° small-angle granite formation reverse drilling crossing project of an oil and gas pipeline as an example, the implementation steps are as follows: a 10m³ water tank 1 is set up next to the pilot hole opening, a water pump 2 with a flow rate of 5.0m³ / h and a pressure of 0.8MPa is configured, and the flow regulating valve 17 is connected to the pipeline. The pipeline is laid along the outer wall of the drill rod 10 to the opening of the pilot hole 15.

[0045] After the drill rod 10 is lowered into the guide hole 15, the outer wall of the drill rod 10 and the wall of the guide hole 15 naturally form an annular flow channel, which serves as a cooling water channel.

[0046] Select a small-diameter drill bit with a diameter of 1.2m, arrange 6 cutting tools 14, install them at the bottom of the drill rod 10, and adjust the drill bit speed to 100r / min.

[0047] Using the slope of the guide hole 15 as a natural flow guide slope, a collection trough 13 is set in the pipe through the hole.

[0048] Based on the granite lithology, the initial cooling water flow rate was set to 2.5 m³ / h, and water pump 2 was started to supply water to guide hole 15.

[0049] The drill bit assembly 11 rotates to break the rock. Cooling water flows to the drill bit assembly 11 through the annular flow channel. The high-speed rotating drill bit assembly 11 splashes the cooling water onto the cutting tool 14 and cools the cutting tool 14. The temperature of the cutting tool 14 drops from 80°C to 45°C. At the same time, the cooling water washes away the rock cuttings.

[0050] During construction, the detection module 16 detected that the rock cuttings discharge was slightly slower. The flow rate was increased to 3.0 m³ / h by the flow regulating valve 17. The rock cuttings slid down faster with the water flow, and the discharge rate was improved. The cooling water can reduce rock breaking dust, and the concentration of rock breaking dust dropped from 200 mg / m³ to 30 mg / m³.

[0051] After construction is completed, turn off water pump 2, clean the rock debris in collection tank 13, and check the wear of cutting tool 14.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cooling water-assisted slag removal method for small-angle reverse drilling crossings of oil and gas pipelines, comprising a slag removal system, the slag removal system including a reverse drilling rig installed on the ground, a water tank (1) and a water pump (2), and a collection trough (13) located at the end of the pipeline crossing hole, wherein the water tank (1) is connected to the inlet of the water pump (2), and a flow regulating valve (17) is installed on the pipeline connected to the outlet end of the water pump (2); characterized in that, The drill bit assembly (11) of the riser is equipped with a detection module (16). The detection module (16) is electrically connected to the flow regulating valve (17) through a PLC controller. The detection module (16) can detect the amount of cuttings discharged, the temperature of the cutter (14) of the drill bit assembly (11), and the dust concentration. It also includes the following steps: S1. Open a guide hole (15) on the ground to connect the pipe through hole; S2. A water tank (1) and a water pump (2) are set up next to the guide hole (15). The pipe connected to the outlet end of the water pump (2) is laid along the outer wall of the drill rod (10) of the riser to the opening of the guide hole (15). After the drill rod (10) of the riser is lowered into the guide hole (15), the outer wall of the drill rod (10) and the hole wall of the guide hole (15) naturally form an annular flow channel, which serves as a cooling water channel. S3. After the lower end of the drill rod (10) moves to the pipe through hole, the drill bit assembly (11) is installed at the lower end of the drill rod (10); S4. Set a collection trough (13) in the pipe through hole, and make the collection trough (13) correspond to the guide hole (15); S5. Start the water pump (2). The cooling water in the water tank (1) is sent to the guide hole (15) through the flow regulating valve (17) and the pipeline. The cooling water in the guide hole (15) flows down into the annular flow channel between the outer wall of the drill rod (10) and the hole wall of the guide hole (15). S6. Start the reverse drilling. The drill bit assembly (11) rotates to break the rock. The cooling water in the guide hole (15) flows to the drill bit assembly (11) through the annular flow channel. The cooling water is splashed onto the cutting tool (14) of the drill bit assembly (11) by the centrifugal force of the drill bit assembly (11) to cool it. At the same time, the cooling water washes away the rock cuttings and flows along the enlarged hole (12) opened by the drill bit assembly (11) to the collection tank (13).

2. The cooling water-assisted slag removal method for small-angle reverse drilling through oil and gas pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the angle between the axis of the guide hole (15) and the horizontal plane is 35° to 45°.

3. The cooling water-assisted slag removal method for small-angle reverse drilling through oil and gas pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow regulating valve (17) has an adjustment range of 1.0 m³ / h to 5.0 m³ / h.

4. The cooling water-assisted slag removal method for small-angle reverse drilling through oil and gas pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drill bit assembly (11) uses a small-diameter drill bit with a diameter of less than or equal to 1.4m, and the number of cutting tools (14) on the drill bit assembly (11) is less than or equal to 6. The rotational speed of the drill bit assembly (11) is between 80 r / min and 120 r / min.

5. The cooling water-assisted slag removal method for small-angle reverse drilling through oil and gas pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raised drilling rig includes a base plate (3), the lower end of a mounting plate (4) is rotatably connected to the base plate (3), the upper end of a first hydraulic rod (5) is rotatably connected to the mounting plate (4), the lower end of the first hydraulic rod (5) is rotatably connected to the base plate (3), the drilling rig body (6) is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate (4), and a straightening sleeve (7) capable of straightening the drill rod (10) is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate (4). The end of the straightening sleeve (7) away from the mounting plate (4) is fixedly connected to one end of a second hydraulic rod (8), and the other end of the second hydraulic rod (8) is rotatably connected to a support (9).

6. The cooling water-assisted slag removal method for small-angle reverse drilling through oil and gas pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection module (16) includes an infrared temperature sensor, a laser scattering dust sensor, and a solid particle flow meter.

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