A potassium salt mine continuous mining method and system based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine

Abstract

The application provides a potassium salt mine continuous mining method and system based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine, and belongs to the technical field of full-face mechanized mining of underground mines. The application first adopts a "zigzag + three-level roadway + short-wall room-and-pillar" layout, strictly controls the roof exposure area and time, and significantly improves the stope stability and operation safety. Secondly, through efficient and continuous operation of the whole process of cutting, loading, transloading and transportation, the combination of comb-shaped tunneling and one-way circular transportation reduces the empty travel of equipment, avoids transportation congestion and scheduling conflicts, supports parallel operation of multiple working faces, and completely solves the industry pain point of serious mismatch between potassium salt mine mining and transportation efficiency. Finally, the parameter precision matching is carried out according to the selection requirements of the rectangular full-face tunneling machine, which has strong adaptability and provides core technical support for large-scale and super-large potassium salt mine development.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanized mining technology for full-face underground mines, and in particular to a method and system for continuous mining of potash mines based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine. Background Technology

[0002] The existing mining technology mainly uses shortwall mechanized mining methods with equipment such as continuous tunneling machines, cutting mining machines, shuttle cars, loaders and belt conveyors as the core. However, this technology has the following problems: (1) The maximum daily production capacity of a single tunneling machine unit is insufficient; (2) The process is discontinuous: multiple equipment are required to work alternately in each stage of cutting, loading and transportation, which makes the mining process essentially discontinuous and the equipment utilization rate is low; (3) The underground mining space is constrained: the underground mining space is small, and there are safety hazards in the process of multiple transport vehicles turning, yielding and loading, and they are mutually constrained, which further aggravates the bottleneck problem of subsequent supporting transportation.

[0003] In recent years, with the advancement of full-face mining equipment technology, a highly efficient cutting equipment suitable for potash mines has emerged – the rectangular full-face tunneling machine. However, although the rectangular full-face tunneling machine can significantly improve mining efficiency, it cannot solve problems such as stope stability assessment, stope planning, mining design, and subsequent loading and transportation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems in the existing technology, this invention provides a method and system for continuous mining of potash mines based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine. Firstly, this invention adopts a "loop + three-stage roadway + short-walled room-and-pillar" layout, strictly controlling the exposed area and time of the roof, significantly improving the stability and safety of the mining area. Secondly, through continuous operation of the entire process of cutting, loading, transferring, and transporting, combining comb-shaped tunneling with unidirectional circulating transport, it reduces equipment idle travel, avoids transport congestion and scheduling conflicts, supports parallel operation of multiple working faces, and completely solves the industry pain point of severe mismatch between mining and transportation efficiency in potash mines. Finally, through precise parameter matching based on the selection requirements of the rectangular full-face tunneling machine, it has strong adaptability and provides core technical support for the large-scale development of large and extra-large potash mines. To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution is as follows: On one hand, the present invention provides a method for continuous mining of potash mines based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine, the method comprising: S1. Based on the geological conditions and rock mechanical properties of the target potash deposit, establish the three-dimensional geometric parameters of the target potash mine after the rectangular full-face tunneling machine is used for rock mechanical property testing and analysis. S2. Based on the three-dimensional geometric parameters of the target potash mine after the rectangular full-face tunneling machine has been used to analyze the existing stability charts and multi-point and multi-sample statistical data to obtain the stable mine parameters. S3. Based on the stable mining parameters, the selection requirements for a rectangular full-face tunneling machine are obtained; S4. Based on the selection requirements of the rectangular full-face tunneling machine and the parameters of the stable mining area, the overall layout of the circular mining area and the three-level roadway development system are adopted to obtain the roadway system of the target potash mine. S5. Based on the roadway system of the target potash mine, a dynamic optimization method for the tunneling route based on the dual objectives of mining balance and continuous transportation is adopted to obtain the tunneling and mining route. S6. Based on the tunneling and mining route, a three-level relay continuous transportation system is constructed to obtain the overall continuous ore transportation route.

[0005] Optionally, the three-dimensional geometric parameters of the target potash mine after the rectangular full-face tunneling machine has been used include: the length of the target potash mine, the width of the mine roof, and the height of the mine sidewalls.

[0006] Optionally, in S4, based on the selection requirements of the rectangular full-face tunneling machine and the stable stope parameters, a circular stope overall layout and a three-level roadway development system are adopted to obtain the roadway system of the target potash mine, including: S41. Based on the selection requirements of the rectangular full-face tunneling machine and the parameters of the stable mining area, a first-level roadway is obtained by constructing the core transportation artery of the mining area; S42. Based on the first-level roadway, the second-level roadway is obtained by adopting the overall layout of the circular mining area; S43. Based on the selection requirements of the rectangular full-face tunneling machine and the primary roadway, a tertiary roadway is obtained by arranging it at an angle with the secondary roadway; S44. Based on the primary roadway, the secondary roadway, and the tertiary roadway, the roadway system of the target potash mine is obtained.

[0007] Optionally, there are no fewer than two secondary lanes arranged in parallel, and the primary lanes and the secondary lanes are connected to each other to form a loop-shaped closed layout.

[0008] Optionally, the tertiary tunnel and the secondary tunnel are arranged at an angle of 30° to 45°.

[0009] Optionally, in S5, based on the roadway system of the target potash mine, a dynamic optimization method for the tunneling route based on the dual objectives of mining balance and continuous transportation is adopted to obtain the tunneling and mining route, including: S51. Based on the roadway system of the target potash mine, the excavation entrance of the secondary roadway is obtained starting from the installation of the fixed conveyor belt after the completion of the primary roadway construction. S52. Based on the excavation entrance of the secondary roadway, a rectangular full-section continuous tunneling machine is used for tunneling to obtain the double-sided working face of the tertiary roadway. S53. Based on the two working faces of the third-level roadway, first construct the entrance of the third-level roadway, and then excavate towards the middle ore body area to obtain the tunneling and mining route.

[0010] Optionally, based on the tunneling and mining route, the S6 section constructs a three-level relay-type continuous transportation system to obtain the overall continuous ore transportation route, including: S61. Based on the tunneling and mining route, a flexible transfer machine is connected in the third-level roadway to transport the ore to the second-level roadway, thus obtaining the third-level transportation route. S62. Based on the third-level transportation route, the ore is transported to the first-level roadway through a shuttle car circulation scheme or a multiple flexible transfer machine end-to-end connection scheme to obtain the second-level transportation route. S63. Based on the second-level transportation route, the ore is transported to the main pass by laying a fixed belt conveyor to obtain the first-level transportation route; S64. Based on the first-level transportation route, the second-level transportation route, and the third-level transportation route, the overall continuous ore transportation route is obtained.

[0011] On the other hand, the present invention provides a potash mine continuous mining system based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine. This system is applied to a potash mine continuous mining method based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine. The system includes: The geometric parameter establishment module is used to establish the three-dimensional geometric parameters of the target potash mine after the rectangular full-face tunneling machine has been used for mining, based on the geological conditions and rock mechanical properties of the target potash deposit and through rock mechanical property testing and analysis. The stable stope parameter acquisition module is used to obtain stable stope parameters based on the three-dimensional geometric parameters of the target potash mine after the rectangular full-face tunneling machine has been excavated, through multi-point and multi-sample statistical data analysis of existing stability charts. The tunneling machine selection module is used to obtain the selection requirements for a rectangular full-face tunneling machine based on the stable mining parameters. The roadway system acquisition module is used to obtain the roadway system of the target potash mine based on the selection requirements of the rectangular full-face tunneling machine and the parameters of the stable stope, using the overall layout of the loop stope and the three-level roadway development system. The tunneling and mining route acquisition module is used to obtain the tunneling and mining route based on the roadway system of the target potash mine using a dynamic optimization method for the tunneling route based on the dual objectives of mining balance and continuous transportation. The ore transportation route acquisition module is used to obtain the overall continuous ore transportation route by constructing a three-level relay continuous transportation system based on the tunneling and mining route.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The aforementioned scheme employs a "U-shaped + three-level roadway + short-walled room-and-pillar" layout to strictly control the exposed area and time of the roof, significantly improving the stability and operational safety of the mining area. Secondly, through continuous operation of the entire process of cutting, loading, transshipment, and transportation, combined with comb-shaped tunneling and unidirectional circulating transportation, it reduces equipment idle travel, avoids transportation congestion and scheduling conflicts, supports parallel operations on multiple working faces, and completely solves the industry pain point of a severe mismatch between mining and transportation efficiency in potash mines. Thirdly, by precisely matching parameters according to the selection requirements of rectangular full-face tunneling machines, it exhibits strong adaptability and provides core technical support for the large-scale development of large and extra-large potash mines. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an embodiment of the potash mine continuous mining method based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the roadway system of the target potash mine obtained in an embodiment of the continuous mining method of potash mine based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the tunneling and mining route obtained in an embodiment of the potash mine continuous mining method based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the overall continuous ore transportation route obtained in an embodiment of the potash mine continuous mining method based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a comparison diagram of equipment capacity matching and transportation capacity verification in an embodiment of the potash mine continuous mining method based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the roadway system and mining layout of the target potash mine in an embodiment of the potash mine continuous mining method based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overlap between the rectangular full-face tunneling machine and the flexible transfer machine in an embodiment of the potash mine continuous mining method based on the rectangular full-face tunneling machine of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a diagram of the shuttle car unidirectional circulation transport system layout in an embodiment of the potash mine continuous mining method based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine of the present invention; Figure 9This is a diagram showing the layout of multiple flexible transfer machines overlapping at the head and tail in an embodiment of the potash mine continuous mining method based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine of the present invention. Figure 10 This is a system block diagram of an embodiment of the potash mine continuous mining system based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine according to the present invention.

[0015] The numbers on the map are as follows: 1. Level 1 roadway; 2. Level 2 roadway; 3. Level 3 roadway; 4. QJL4555 full-face tunneling machine; 5. 4FCT flexible transfer conveyor; 6. Fixed belt conveyor; 7. 10SC32D shuttle car; 8. Mine pillar; 9. Cantilever tunneling machine; 10. Slag loader; 11. Loop transport loop; 12. Receiving point; 13. Unloading point 1; 14. Unloading point 2. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] In embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily," "for example," etc., are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" in the present invention should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner. Furthermore, in embodiments of the present invention, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or either one.

[0018] To make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] Example 1: A method for continuous mining of potash mines based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine.

[0020] like Figure 1 The flowchart shown is an embodiment of the potash mine continuous mining method based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine according to the present invention. The present invention provides a potash mine continuous mining method based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine, which is implemented by a potash mine continuous mining system based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine. The method includes: S1. Based on the geological conditions and rock mechanical properties of the target potash deposit, establish the three-dimensional geometric parameters of the target potash mine after the rectangular full-face tunneling machine is used for rock mechanical property testing and analysis. Specifically, the three-dimensional geometric parameters of the target potash mine after the rectangular full-face tunneling machine has been used for excavation include: the length of the target potash mine, the width of the mine roof, and the height of the mine sidewalls.

[0021] Furthermore, based on Mathew's stability chart method, the geological conditions and rock mechanical properties of the target potash deposit were tested and analyzed. Statistical results show that the underground mining stability of most potash deposits is 12 m in width and 15 m in height.

[0022] S2. Based on the three-dimensional geometric parameters of the target potash mine after the rectangular full-face tunneling machine has been used to analyze the existing stability charts and multi-point and multi-sample statistical data to obtain the stable mine parameters. S3. Based on the stable mining parameters, the selection requirements for a rectangular full-face tunneling machine are obtained; S4. Based on the selection requirements of the rectangular full-face tunneling machine and the parameters of the stable mining area, the overall layout of the circular mining area and the three-level roadway development system are adopted to obtain the roadway system of the target potash mine. Specifically, such as Figure 2 The flowchart shown in this embodiment of the continuous mining method for potash mines based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine of the present invention illustrates the tunnel system of the target potash mine. In step S4, based on the selection requirements of the rectangular full-face tunneling machine and the stable stope parameters, a circular stope layout and a three-level tunnel development system are adopted to obtain the tunnel system of the target potash mine, including: S41. Based on the selection requirements of the rectangular full-face tunneling machine and the parameters of the stable mining area, a primary roadway is obtained by constructing the core transportation artery of the mining area. If the stability cannot be met due to special reasons such as geology, ensuring the passability of the primary roadway is a prerequisite, and strong support measures can be taken.

[0023] Furthermore, while ensuring mining safety, this provides the spatial foundation for continuous transportation and efficient tunneling. This primary roadway, serving as the core transportation artery of the mining area, is 9m-12m wide and undertakes the centralized transfer of ore for the entire mine. It is equipped with ultra-long-distance fixed conveyor belts to achieve continuous, high-capacity transportation. As a preliminary project for the entire mining system, the primary roadway was constructed using a cantilever tunneling machine in conjunction with a muck loader, providing a fundamental guarantee for the subsequent development of secondary and tertiary roadways and the entire transportation process.

[0024] S42. Based on the first-level roadway, the second-level roadway is obtained by adopting the overall layout of the circular mining area; Furthermore, there are at least two secondary lanes arranged in parallel, and the primary lanes and secondary lanes are interconnected to form a loop-shaped closed layout.

[0025] Furthermore, as the main mining roadway in the mining area, the cross-sectional dimensions of this secondary roadway can be appropriately smaller than those of the primary roadway, taking into full account the passage of the full-face tunneling machine and its supporting transfer equipment. It will be excavated using a rectangular full-face tunneling machine. At least two secondary roadways will be constructed, arranged in parallel. These two parallel secondary roadways will connect with the primary roadway, forming a closed loop-shaped layout framework, creating conditions for subsequent unidirectional circulation transport and opposing tunneling.

[0026] S43. Based on the selection requirements of the rectangular full-face tunneling machine and the primary roadway, a tertiary roadway is obtained by arranging it at an angle with the secondary roadway; Furthermore, the third-level tunnel and the second-level tunnel are arranged at an angle of 30° to 45°.

[0027] Furthermore, this tertiary roadway serves as the direct mining face roadway, with its cross-sectional dimensions determined by the selected rectangular full-face tunneling machine model. The controlled length of a single stope is 120m~150m, matching the length of the flexible transfer conveyor, and it is arranged at a 30°~45° angle with the secondary roadway. The tertiary roadway is formed by two adjacent secondary roadways advancing towards each other, strictly controlled to avoid connection, and retaining a certain width of pillars as permanent support, forming a short-walled room-and-pillar mining structure. This layout effectively limits the exposed area and time of the roof, significantly improving stope stability, ensuring high mining efficiency, and providing an effective channel for unidirectional circulation transportation.

[0028] S44. Based on the primary roadway, the secondary roadway, and the tertiary roadway, the roadway system of the target potash mine is obtained.

[0029] S5. Based on the roadway system of the target potash mine, a dynamic optimization method for the tunneling route based on the dual objectives of mining balance and continuous transportation is adopted to obtain the tunneling and mining route. Specifically, such as Figure 3 The flowchart shown in this embodiment of the continuous potash mining method based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine of the present invention obtains the tunneling and mining route. In step S5, based on the roadway system of the target potash mine, a dynamic optimization method for the tunneling route based on the dual objectives of mining balance and continuous transportation is adopted to obtain the tunneling and mining route, including: S51. Based on the roadway system of the target potash mine, the excavation entrance of the secondary roadway is obtained starting from the installation of the fixed conveyor belt after the completion of the primary roadway construction. Furthermore, starting from the completion of the first-level tunnel construction and the installation of the fixed belt conveyor, the entrance of the second-level tunnel is first excavated using a cantilever tunneling machine in conjunction with a muck loader, providing initial working space and preparation conditions for the rectangular full-face tunneling machine.

[0030] S52. Based on the excavation entrance of the secondary roadway, a rectangular full-section continuous tunneling machine is used for tunneling to obtain the double-sided working face of the tertiary roadway. Furthermore, the excavation of the secondary roadway entrance is carried out using a rectangular full-face continuous tunneling machine, which can be selected to complete the roadway in one go or in two stages depending on the equipment capacity, thereby improving excavation efficiency and forming quality. After each secondary roadway is excavated to the design boundary, the machine stops, providing two working faces for the opposing excavation of the tertiary roadway.

[0031] S53. Based on the two working faces of the third-level roadway, first construct the entrance of the third-level roadway, and then excavate towards the middle ore body area to obtain the tunneling and mining route.

[0032] Furthermore, based on the two working faces of the tertiary roadway, the entrance to the tertiary roadway is constructed first. Then, a full-face tunneling machine is deployed in each of the two secondary roadways, tunneling towards the central ore body area. The tunneling route does not adopt a straight-through mode, but rather a sawtooth or comb-shaped path, with multiple tertiary roadways arranged at intervals for parallel operation. After the excavation of a single tertiary roadway is completed, the equipment retreats to the secondary roadway and moves to the next opening position to continue tunneling, significantly reducing the equipment's idle travel and achieving efficient parallel operation of multiple working faces. The two secondary roadways and the two primary roadways form a closed loop transportation route. All tunneling equipment is arranged inside the loop, and the mined ore flows continuously in a single clockwise or counterclockwise direction, completely eliminating the meeting, yielding, and reversing links in traditional two-way transportation, eliminating scheduling congestion and safety conflicts at the source, and ensuring a continuous and stable transportation flow.

[0033] S6. Based on the tunneling and mining route, a three-level relay continuous transportation system is constructed to obtain the overall continuous ore transportation route.

[0034] Specifically, such as Figure 4 The flowchart shown in this embodiment of the potash mine continuous mining method based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine of the present invention illustrates the overall continuous ore transportation route. In step S6, based on the tunneling and mining route, a three-level relay continuous transportation system is constructed to obtain the overall continuous ore transportation route, including: S61. Based on the tunneling and mining route, a flexible transfer machine is connected in the third-level roadway to transport the ore to the second-level roadway, thus obtaining the third-level transportation route. S62. Based on the third-level transportation route, the ore is transported to the first-level roadway through a shuttle car circulation scheme or a multiple flexible transfer machine end-to-end connection scheme to obtain the second-level transportation route. S63. Based on the second-level transportation route, the ore is transported to the main pass by laying a fixed belt conveyor to obtain the first-level transportation route; S64. Based on the first-level transportation route, the second-level transportation route, and the third-level transportation route, the overall continuous ore transportation route is obtained.

[0035] Furthermore, the overall ore transport route is as follows: tunneling machine → flexible transfer conveyor → shuttle car or multiple flexible transfer conveyors → fixed belt conveyor → main chute. The capacity of each link is precisely matched, eliminating production bottlenecks. The tertiary transport route is completed within the tertiary roadway, with a flexible transfer conveyor directly connected to the tail of the full-face tunneling machine. This conveyor adopts a self-propelled structure, requiring no track laying, and can move synchronously with the tunneling machine, efficiently transferring ore from the tunneling face to the secondary roadway. The secondary transport route is the crucial link for ore to cross from the secondary roadway to the primary roadway. Preferably, Option 1 is a shuttle car circulation scheme, using multiple shuttle cars for relay relay, executing a unidirectional receiving and unilateral transfer closed-loop operation. After receiving material at a designated point in the secondary roadway, the shuttle car travels unidirectionally along a loop to the fixed belt conveyor in the primary roadway for unloading. After unloading, it continues in the original direction to the next receiving point, with no reversing or meeting of shuttle cars throughout the entire process. Through reasonable configuration and scheduling, the transport capacity is perfectly matched with the tunneling machine's production capacity. Preferably, Option 2 is a fully continuous scheme, eliminating shuttle cars and employing multiple flexible transfer machines connected end-to-end to form a relay transfer link within the secondary roadway, directly transporting ore transferred from the tertiary roadway to the fixed conveyor belt in the primary roadway. The primary transport route is undertaken by ultra-long-distance fixed conveyor belts laid within the primary roadway, which can centrally and continuously transfer ore to the main pass or directly to the surface beneficiation plant, forming the main artery of the entire mining system and ensuring continuous output of efficient production capacity.

[0036] Example 2: Continuous mining method based on shuttle car cycle.

[0037] Example 2 uses an underground potash mine as an example, with a designed annual production capacity of 3 million tons. The core equipment selected for Example 2 includes: a QJL4555 full-face tunneling machine 4 (cutting capacity 1400 tons / hour), a 4FCT flexible transfer conveyor 5 (conveyor capacity 1600 tons / hour), a 10SC32D shuttle car 7 (load capacity 30 tons / trip, travel speed 8.3 km / h), and a fixed belt conveyor 6 (conveyor capacity 2000 tons / hour). Figure 5 The diagram shown is a comparison of equipment capacity matching and transportation capacity verification in the embodiment of the potash mine continuous mining method based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine of the present invention. After capacity verification, the peak capacity of the QJL4555 full-face tunneling machine 4 is 1400 tons / hour, and the capacities of the 4FCT flexible transfer machine 5 and the fixed belt conveyor 6 are both greater than this value, with no transfer or main transportation bottlenecks; the hourly transportation capacity of a single 10SC32D shuttle car 7 is about 257 tons, and configuring 6 units can fully match the tunneling machine capacity, forming a highly efficient continuous operation chain of "mining out, transferring out, and transporting smoothly".

[0038] like Figure 6The diagram shown illustrates the roadway system and stope layout of the target potash mine in an embodiment of the continuous potash mining method based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine of the present invention. First, the excavation of two parallel primary haulage roadways (i.e., primary roadways 1) and the installation of a fixed conveyor belt 6 are completed. The primary roadway 1 has a cross-sectional dimension of 12m × 6m, and the fixed conveyor belt 6 has a conveying capacity of 2000 tons / hour and a belt width of 1.4m. Subsequently, using a cantilever tunneling machine 9 in conjunction with a muck loader 10, the entrances to two secondary roadways 2 are constructed at designated locations. The entrance cross-sectional dimension is 9m × 4.5m, creating conditions for the subsequent entry of the QJL4555 type full-face tunneling machine 4.

[0039] like Figure 7 The diagram shown is an embodiment of the continuous potash mining method based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine of the present invention, illustrating the connection between the rectangular full-face tunneling machine and the flexible transfer machine. Two QJL4555 full-face tunneling machines 4 are positioned at the entrances of two secondary roadways 2, respectively. The QJL4555 full-face tunneling machines 4 are started and excavated forward in a single-pass tunneling manner. During the excavation process, the 4FCT flexible transfer machine 5 closely follows the tail of the QJL4555 full-face tunneling machines 4. When the excavation distance of the secondary roadway 2 is within the range of the 4FCT flexible transfer machine 5 or the overlapping conveyor length, the tail of the 4FCT flexible transfer machine 5 directly overlaps with the fixed belt conveyor 6 in the primary roadway 1, achieving seamless and continuous transfer of ore from the excavation face to the fixed belt conveyor 6. When the excavation distance exceeds this range, the 4FCT flexible transfer machine 5 is used to transfer the ore to the 10SC32D shuttle car 7 in the secondary roadway 2, and then the 10SC32D shuttle car 7 transfers it to the fixed belt conveyor 6 in the primary roadway 1. The two secondary roadways 2 are excavated in parallel with a spacing of 240 meters, until the two secondary roadways 2 are connected to the two primary roadways 1 respectively, forming a closed loop transport route 11.

[0040] like Figure 6The diagram shown illustrates the tunnel system and stope layout of the target potash mine in an embodiment of the continuous potash mining method based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine of the present invention. After the formation of two secondary tunnels 2, based on rock mechanics analysis, the opening position of a tertiary tunnel 3 is marked every 18 meters on the inner wall of the secondary tunnels 2. The cross-sectional span of the tertiary tunnel 3 is designed to be 6 meters, arranged at an angle of 30° to 45° with the secondary tunnels 2. Two QJL4555 type full-face tunneling machines 4 respectively tunnel into the tertiary tunnels 3 from the two secondary tunnels 2, following a pre-planned "comb-shaped" route. For example, the QJL4555 full-face tunneling machine 4 in the left secondary roadway 2 excavates the first tertiary roadway 3 to a depth of 120m-150m (length based on the overall length of the 4FCT flexible transfer machine 5). After completion, it retreats to the secondary roadway 2 and moves to the next opening position. At the same time, the QJL4555 full-face tunneling machine 4 in the right secondary roadway 2 operates in the same way to complete the excavation of the tertiary roadway 3 on its opposite side. This process is repeated alternately to form multiple shortwall working faces. In the first stage, the stope is mined and wide pillars 8 are left according to the open-stope mining process, and the stope stability is controlled by mining in a staggered manner. In the second stage, the stope is backfilled with high strength according to the backfilling mining process. After the backfill body has been cured to the design strength requirements (usually requiring 4 weeks of curing), the pillars 8 left in the first stage are mined twice by mechanization, and then low-strength backfilling is carried out on them. A backfilling roadway is reserved on one side of the mining area for subsequent backfilling operations.

[0041] During the excavation of the third-level roadway 3, the supporting transportation system is activated simultaneously. Taking the left-hand working face as an example: For transportation from the working face to the second-level roadway 2: the potash ore cut by the QJL4555 full-face tunneling machine 4 falls directly into its own scraper conveyor, and is then transferred to the 4FCT flexible transfer conveyor 5 (model: 4FCT-150, conveying capacity 1500 tons / hour) connected at the tail end. The 4FCT flexible transfer conveyor 5 follows the QJL4555 full-face tunneling machine 4, continuously transporting the ore to the entrance of the third-level roadway 3 (i.e., inside the second-level roadway 2).

[0042] Transportation from secondary roadway 2 to primary roadway 1: such as Figure 8The diagram shown illustrates the shuttle car unidirectional circulation transport system layout in an embodiment of the potash mine continuous mining method based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine of the present invention. Six 10SC32D shuttle cars 7, each with a load capacity of 30 tons, are pre-positioned in the secondary roadway 2. The 10SC32D shuttle cars 7 travel in a clockwise unidirectional circulation route, which is the loop transport route 11. When the ore from the left tertiary roadway 3 is unloaded by the 4FCT flexible transfer machine 5 to the receiving point 12 of the secondary roadway 2, the empty #1 car of the 10SC32D shuttle car 7 arrives, quickly loads, and travels along the unidirectional lane to the fixed conveyor belt 6 of the right primary roadway 1, where it throws the ore onto the fixed conveyor belt 6 via the unloading hopper. After unloading, the #1 car of the 10SC32D shuttle car 7 continues along the unidirectional route, passing the fixed conveyor belt 6 of the left primary roadway 1 (without unloading), and finally returns to the receiving point 12 of the left secondary roadway 2, completing one cycle. At this point, the ore in the right-side third-level roadway 3 is unloaded by the right-side 4FCT flexible transfer machine 5 to the right-side unloading point 14 (No. 2). It is then loaded by car #4 of another set of 10SC32D shuttle cars 7 and travels along the same one-way route (the same applies counter-clockwise) to the left-side first-level roadway 1 (No. 1 unloading point 13) for dumping. In this way, the two sets of QJL4555 full-face tunneling machines 4 and the two sets of 10SC32D shuttle cars 7 achieve seamless and uninterrupted collaborative operation within the loop transport route 11.

[0043] Transportation from the primary roadway to the main ore pass: The fixed belt conveyors 6 in the primary roadways 1 on both sides continuously transfer the received ore to the main ore pass, achieving the goal of a daily output of 10,000 tons per machine.

[0044] Example 3: A fully continuous mining method based on multi-level flexible transfer.

[0045] like Figure 9 The diagram shown illustrates the layout of multiple flexible transfer machines overlapping in an embodiment of the potash mine continuous mining method based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine of the present invention. The main difference between this embodiment 3 and embodiment 2 lies in the transportation method from secondary roadway 2 to primary roadway 1. When the stope conditions permit (sufficient roadway width and height), the 10SC32D shuttle car 7 is eliminated, and a multi-stage 4FCT flexible transfer machine 5 is used in relay.

[0046] Specifically, within the secondary roadway 2, one or more 4FCT flexible transfer conveyors 5 are arranged along the ore flow direction. The receiving end of the first 4FCT flexible transfer conveyor 5 connects to the discharge end of the 4FCT flexible transfer conveyor 5 in the tertiary roadway 3, and its discharge end connects to the receiving end of the second 4FCT flexible transfer conveyor 5, and so on, until the discharge end of the last 4FCT flexible transfer conveyor 5 directly connects to the fixed belt conveyor 6 in the primary roadway 1. The entire transport flow proceeds unidirectionally along the loop transport route 11, without the need for vehicle involvement.

[0047] This solution completely avoids intermittent vehicle transportation, achieving a continuous and automated "ore flow" from the four cutting heads of the QJL4555 full-face tunneling machine to the main ore pass. Field tests show that the system can operate continuously for up to 20 hours per day with a failure rate of less than 5%. Transportation efficiency is significantly improved compared to traditional methods, making it possible for a single working face to achieve an annual output exceeding 3 million tons, providing a new technological path for the efficient development of extra-large potash mines.

[0048] To further improve the recovery rate, the mined blocks in the first stage can be backfilled with high intensity, and the same mechanized mining method can be used to recover the pillars in the second stage.

[0049] like Figure 10 The diagram shown is a system block diagram of an embodiment of the potash mine continuous mining system based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine according to the present invention. The present invention provides a potash mine continuous mining system based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine, which is applied to a potash mine continuous mining method based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine. The system includes: a geometric parameter establishment module, a stable stope parameter acquisition module, a tunneling machine selection module, a roadway system acquisition module, a tunneling and mining route acquisition module, and a ore transportation route acquisition module. Specifically, The geometric parameter establishment module is used to establish the three-dimensional geometric parameters of the target potash mine after the rectangular full-face tunneling machine has been used for mining, based on the geological conditions and rock mechanical properties of the target potash deposit and through rock mechanical property testing and analysis. The stable stope parameter acquisition module is used to obtain stable stope parameters based on the three-dimensional geometric parameters of the target potash mine after the rectangular full-face tunneling machine has been excavated, through multi-point and multi-sample statistical data analysis of existing stability charts. The tunneling machine selection module is used to obtain the selection requirements for a rectangular full-face tunneling machine based on the stable mining parameters. The roadway system acquisition module is used to obtain the roadway system of the target potash mine based on the selection requirements of the rectangular full-face tunneling machine and the parameters of the stable stope, using the overall layout of the loop stope and the three-level roadway development system. The tunneling and mining route acquisition module is used to obtain the tunneling and mining route based on the roadway system of the target potash mine using a dynamic optimization method for the tunneling route based on the dual objectives of mining balance and continuous transportation. The ore transportation route acquisition module is used to obtain the overall continuous ore transportation route by constructing a three-level relay continuous transportation system based on the tunneling and mining route.

[0050] This invention provides a method and system for continuous mining of potash mines based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine. Firstly, it adopts a "loop + three-stage roadway + short-walled room-and-pillar" layout to strictly control the exposed area and time of the roof, significantly improving the stability and safety of the mining area. Secondly, through continuous operation of the entire process of cutting, loading, transshipment, and transportation, combining comb-shaped tunneling with unidirectional circulating transportation reduces equipment idle travel, avoids transportation congestion and scheduling conflicts, and supports parallel operation of multiple working faces, completely solving the industry pain point of severe mismatch between mining and transportation efficiency in potash mines. Finally, by precisely matching parameters according to the selection requirements of the rectangular full-face tunneling machine, it has strong adaptability and provides core technical support for the large-scale development of large and extra-large potash mines.

[0051] It is understood that the present invention has been described through the above embodiments and should not be construed as limiting the implementation and scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Furthermore, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for continuous mining of potash mines based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine, characterized in that, The method includes: S1. Based on the geological conditions and rock mechanical properties of the target potash deposit, establish the three-dimensional geometric parameters of the target potash mine after the rectangular full-face tunneling machine is used for rock mechanical property testing and analysis. S2. Based on the three-dimensional geometric parameters of the target potash mine after the rectangular full-face tunneling machine has been used to analyze the existing stability charts and multi-point and multi-sample statistical data to obtain the stable mine parameters. S3. Based on the stable mining parameters, the selection requirements for a rectangular full-face tunneling machine are obtained; S4. Based on the selection requirements of the rectangular full-face tunneling machine and the stable mining parameters, the overall layout of the circular mining area and the three-level roadway development system are adopted to obtain the roadway system of the target potash mine. S5. Based on the roadway system of the target potash mine, a dynamic optimization method for the tunneling route based on the dual objectives of mining balance and continuous transportation is adopted to obtain the tunneling and mining route. S6. Based on the tunneling and mining route, a three-level relay continuous transportation system is constructed to obtain the overall continuous ore transportation route; Wherein, S4 includes: S41. Based on the selection requirements of the rectangular full-face tunneling machine and the stable mining parameters, a first-level roadway is obtained by constructing the core transportation artery of the mining area; S42. Based on the first-level roadway, the second-level roadway is obtained by adopting the overall layout of the circular mining area; S43. Based on the selection requirements of the rectangular full-face tunneling machine and the primary roadway, a tertiary roadway is obtained by arranging it at an angle with the secondary roadway; S44. Based on the primary roadway, the secondary roadway, and the tertiary roadway, the roadway system of the target potash mine is obtained; The S5 includes: S51. Based on the roadway system of the target potash mine, starting from the installation of the fixed conveyor belt after the completion of the first-level roadway construction, the excavation entrance of the second-level roadway is obtained. S52. Based on the excavation entrance of the secondary roadway, a rectangular full-section continuous tunneling machine is used for tunneling to obtain the double-sided working face of the tertiary roadway. S53. Based on the two working faces of the three-level roadway, first construct the entrance of the three-level roadway, and then excavate towards the middle ore body area to obtain the excavation and mining route; The S6 includes: S61. According to the tunneling and mining route, a flexible transfer machine is connected in the third-level roadway to transport the ore to the second-level roadway to obtain the third-level transportation route. S62. According to the third-level transportation route, the ore is transported to the first-level roadway through a shuttle car circulation scheme or a scheme of multiple flexible transfer machines overlapping end to end, thus obtaining the second-level transportation route. S63. According to the second-level transportation route, the ore is transported to the main ore pass by laying a fixed belt conveyor to obtain the first-level transportation route; S64. Based on the first-level transportation route, the second-level transportation route, and the third-level transportation route, a complete continuous ore transportation route is obtained.

2. The method for continuous mining of potash mines based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-dimensional geometric parameters of the target potash mine after the rectangular full-face tunneling machine has been used for mining include: the length of the target potash mine, the width of the mine roof, and the height of the mine sidewalls.

3. The method for continuous mining of potash mines based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are at least two secondary lanes arranged in parallel, and the primary lanes and the secondary lanes are connected to each other to form a loop-shaped closed layout.

4. The method for continuous mining of potash mines based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third-level tunnels and the second-level tunnels are arranged at an angle of 30° to 45°.

5. A continuous potash mining system based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine, used to implement the continuous potash mining method based on a rectangular full-face tunneling machine as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The system includes: The geometric parameter establishment module is used to establish the three-dimensional geometric parameters of the target potash mine after the rectangular full-face tunneling machine has been used for mining, based on the geological conditions and rock mechanical properties of the target potash deposit and through rock mechanical property testing and analysis. The stable stope parameter acquisition module is used to obtain stable stope parameters based on the three-dimensional geometric parameters of the target potash mine after the rectangular full-face tunneling machine has been excavated, through multi-point and multi-sample statistical data analysis of existing stability charts. The tunneling machine selection module is used to obtain the selection requirements for a rectangular full-face tunneling machine based on the stable mining parameters. The roadway system acquisition module is used to obtain the roadway system of the target potash mine by adopting the overall layout of the circular stope and the three-level roadway development system, based on the selection requirements of the rectangular full-face tunneling machine and the stable stope parameters. The tunneling and mining route acquisition module is used to obtain the tunneling and mining route based on the roadway system of the target potash mine using a dynamic optimization method for the tunneling route based on the dual objectives of mining balance and continuous transportation. The ore transportation route acquisition module is used to obtain the overall continuous ore transportation route by constructing a three-level relay continuous transportation system based on the tunneling and mining route.

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