X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state evaluation method, device and system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of X-ray tube technology, specifically disclosing a method, apparatus, and system for evaluating the dynamic balance state of an X-ray tube rotating anode. The method includes: acquiring the excitation signal and vibration acceleration response signal of the X-ray tube shell; performing frequency response calculation and coherence analysis based on the excitation signal and vibration acceleration response signal to obtain an effective analysis signal; identifying target parameters by performing parameter identification on the effective analysis signal according to a preset dynamic model and parameter optimization algorithm; and evaluating the dynamic balance state of the X-ray tube rotating anode based on the target identification parameters to obtain the evaluation result. The X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state evaluation method provided by this invention can evaluate the dynamic balance state of an X-ray tube rotating anode in multiple dimensions and with high precision without damaging the tube structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of X-ray tube technology, and in particular to a method for evaluating the dynamic balance of the rotating anode of an X-ray tube, an evaluation system for evaluating the dynamic balance of the rotating anode of an X-ray tube, and a system for evaluating the dynamic balance of the rotating anode of an X-ray tube. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the mainstream method used in the industry is to use a centrifugal dynamic balancing machine to evaluate the dynamic balance of the rotating anode in an X-ray tube. This method requires completely disassembling the rotating anode rotor assembly from the tube and testing and calibrating it separately on specialized equipment after detaching it from the overall structure. This method irreversibly damages the vacuum seal and precision assembly of the tube, and reassembly can easily lead to problems such as vacuum leakage and changes in bearing preload. Furthermore, the testing environment is out of sync with the actual working conditions of the tube, and the results cannot reflect the true state of the assembled unit. In addition, the disassembly and assembly testing process takes 4 to 6 hours, is inefficient, and can only test the dynamic balance of the rotor assembly itself, failing to reflect the complete system dynamic characteristics of the motor, housing, and other components.

[0003] In addition, the whole-machine vibration / noise threshold method in existing technologies is another commonly used indirect detection method. This method measures the vibration velocity of the casing or the sound pressure level of the ambient noise through sensors when the X-ray tube is working normally, and compares the measured value with an empirical threshold to determine whether the dynamic balance is qualified. Although this method is performed when the X-ray tube is working, it can only provide a binary judgment result, and cannot accurately obtain the magnitude and phase of the imbalance, making it difficult to guide dynamic balance correction. Moreover, there are many interfering factors of X-ray tube vibration and noise, and this method cannot distinguish the actual contribution ratio of dynamic imbalance, which is prone to misjudgment. At the same time, the empirical threshold lacks a unified theoretical basis, has poor adaptability to X-ray tubes of different manufacturers and service years, and can only reflect the state at the moment of testing, without the ability to assess the trend of state degradation and provide early fault warning.

[0004] Therefore, how to evaluate the dynamic balance state of the rotating anode of an X-ray tube in a multi-dimensional and high-precision manner without damaging the tube structure has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method, system, and method for evaluating the dynamic balance of the rotating anode of an X-ray tube, thereby solving the problem in related technologies that it is impossible to evaluate the dynamic balance of the rotating anode of an X-ray tube in a multi-dimensional and high-precision manner without damaging the tube structure.

[0006] As a first aspect of the present invention, a method for evaluating the dynamic balance state of a rotating anode in an X-ray tube is provided, comprising:

[0007] The excitation signal and vibration acceleration response signal of the X-ray tube shell are acquired, wherein the vibration acceleration response signal is acquired after the excitation signal is applied to the X-ray tube shell;

[0008] Frequency response calculation and coherence analysis are performed based on the excitation signal and the vibration acceleration response signal to obtain an effective analysis signal;

[0009] The target identification parameters are obtained by performing parameter identification on the effective analysis signal according to the preset dynamic model and parameter optimization algorithm. The target identification parameters include at least the bearing equivalent stiffness, bearing equivalent damping, rotating anode unbalance, and rotating anode unbalance phase of the X-ray tube.

[0010] The dynamic balance state of the rotating anode of the X-ray tube is evaluated based on the target identification parameters to obtain the evaluation results of the dynamic balance state of the rotating anode of the X-ray tube.

[0011] Further, frequency response calculation and coherence analysis are performed based on the excitation signal and the vibration acceleration response signal, including:

[0012] The excitation signal and the vibration acceleration response signal are subjected to discrete Fourier transform respectively to obtain the frequency domain signal of the excitation signal and the frequency domain signal of the vibration acceleration response signal.

[0013] The measured frequency response function is calculated based on the frequency domain signals of the excitation signal and the vibration acceleration response signal to obtain the cross power spectral density of the excitation and response and the self power spectral density of the excitation signal.

[0014] The coherence function is calculated based on the cross power spectral density of the excitation and response, the autopower spectral density of the excitation signal, and the autopower spectral density of the vibration acceleration response signal.

[0015] The effective analysis signal is determined based on the calculation results of the coherence function.

[0016] Further, determining the effective analysis signal based on the calculation result of the coherence function includes:

[0017] The calculation result of the coherence function is compared with a preset coherence coefficient threshold;

[0018] If the calculated result of the coherence function is greater than or equal to the preset coherence coefficient threshold, then the vibration acceleration response signal is determined to be a valid analysis signal;

[0019] If the calculated result of the coherence function is less than the preset coherence coefficient threshold, the vibration acceleration response signal is discarded and a new vibration acceleration response signal is acquired.

[0020] Furthermore, target identification parameters are obtained by performing parameter identification on the effective analysis signal based on a preset dynamic model and parameter optimization algorithm, including:

[0021] Determine the vector of parameters to be identified and the preset dynamic model that serves as the basis for parameter identification;

[0022] An error function is constructed based on the error between the model frequency response function of the preset dynamic model and the measured frequency response function;

[0023] The error function is optimized using a parameter optimization algorithm to identify the parameter vector to be identified, thereby obtaining the target identification parameters.

[0024] Furthermore, the expression for the preset dynamic model is:

[0025] M×X"(t)+C×X'(t)+K×X (t)=F_unb (t)+F_exc (t),

[0026] Where M represents the equivalent mass of the bearing, C represents the equivalent damping of the bearing, K represents the equivalent stiffness of the bearing, X(t) represents the vibration displacement response of the X-ray tube shell, F_unb(t) represents the unbalanced excitation force of the rotating anode, and F_exc(t) represents the excitation signal of the X-ray tube shell.

[0027] The expression for the unbalanced excitation force F_unb(t) of the rotating anode is:

[0028] F_unb (t)=m_unb×r_unb×ω²×sin (ωt+φ_unb),

[0029] Where m_unb×r_unb represents the unbalance of the rotating anode, φ_unb represents the phase of the unbalance of the rotating anode, and ω represents the angular velocity of the rotating anode.

[0030] Furthermore, the error function is optimized according to the parameter optimization algorithm to achieve the identification of the parameter vector to be identified, including:

[0031] Multiple sets of parameter vectors to be identified are randomly generated, where each set of parameter vectors to be identified is an independent entity;

[0032] The fitness of each individual is calculated based on the error function;

[0033] Sort individuals by fitness from highest to lowest, and retain individuals with fitness greater than a preset fitness threshold.

[0034] Gene crossover is performed on the retained individual samples to generate new parameter combinations;

[0035] Perturb some parameters in the new parameter combination;

[0036] Repeat the above process from sorting to partial parameter perturbation until the error function converges to a minimum.

[0037] Further, the dynamic balance state of the rotating anode of the X-ray tube is evaluated based on the target identification parameters to obtain the dynamic balance state evaluation result of the rotating anode of the X-ray tube, including:

[0038] Determine the calculation standard for allowable unbalance and determine the allowable unbalance.

[0039] The dynamic balance state of the rotating anode imbalance is determined according to the allowable imbalance amount, wherein the dynamic balance state determination result includes at least the following: excellent dynamic balance state, qualified dynamic balance state, dynamic balance state close to exceeding the limit, and dynamic balance state exceeding the limit.

[0040] The bearing condition is determined based on the bearing equivalent stiffness and bearing equivalent damping, wherein the bearing condition determination result includes at least the bearing being normal, the bearing stiffness being slightly reduced, and the bearing stiffness being significantly reduced.

[0041] X-ray tube maintenance recommendations are generated based on the dynamic balance status determination results and the bearing status determination results.

[0042] Furthermore, based on the dynamic balance determination result and the bearing condition determination result, X-ray tube maintenance recommendations are generated, including:

[0043] X-ray tube vibration prediction is performed based on the target identification parameters, wherein the X-ray tube vibration prediction results include at least: predicting normal vibration and maintaining normal detection cycle, predicting low vibration risk and shortening detection cycle, and predicting excessive vibration.

[0044] If the dynamic balance is good and the bearing is normal, the recommended maintenance for the X-ray tube is to continue using it and perform routine periodic inspections.

[0045] If the dynamic balance condition is qualified and the bearing stiffness is slightly reduced, the X-ray tube maintenance recommendation is to use it normally and compare the trend of change in the next key comparison.

[0046] If the dynamic balance state is close to exceeding the limit or the bearing stiffness is significantly reduced, the X-ray tube maintenance recommendation is limited-term preventive maintenance.

[0047] If the dynamic balance condition exceeds the limit and the predicted vibration exceeds the standard, the recommended maintenance for the X-ray tube is to immediately check and correct the dynamic balance.

[0048] As another aspect of the present invention, an X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state evaluation device is provided, for implementing the X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state evaluation method described above, wherein the device includes:

[0049] The acquisition module is used to acquire the excitation signal and vibration acceleration response signal of the X-ray tube shell, wherein the vibration acceleration response signal is acquired after the excitation signal is applied to the X-ray tube shell;

[0050] The frequency response and coherence analysis module is used to perform frequency response calculation and coherence analysis based on the excitation signal and the vibration acceleration response signal to obtain an effective analysis signal;

[0051] The parameter identification module is used to identify the target identification parameters by performing parameter identification on the effective analysis signal according to the preset dynamic model and parameter optimization algorithm. The target identification parameters include at least the bearing equivalent stiffness, bearing equivalent damping, rotating anode unbalance, and rotating anode unbalance phase of the X-ray tube.

[0052] The evaluation module is used to evaluate the dynamic balance state of the rotating anode of the X-ray tube according to the target identification parameters, and obtain the evaluation result of the dynamic balance state of the rotating anode of the X-ray tube.

[0053] In another aspect of the present invention, an X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state evaluation system is provided, comprising: an excitation device, a sensing device, and an industrial control computer. Both the excitation device and the sensing device are communicatively connected to the industrial control computer. The industrial control computer includes the aforementioned X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state evaluation system. Both the excitation device and the sensing device are mounted on the X-ray tube housing. The excitation device can apply an excitation signal to the X-ray tube housing, and the sensing device can acquire the vibration acceleration response signal of the X-ray tube housing after the excitation signal is applied. The X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state evaluation system can evaluate the dynamic balance state of the X-ray tube rotating anode based on the excitation signal and the vibration acceleration response signal.

[0054] The present invention provides a method for evaluating the dynamic balance state of an X-ray tube rotating anode. This method acquires the excitation signal and vibration acceleration response signal of the X-ray tube shell, performs frequency response calculation and coherence analysis based on the excitation and vibration acceleration signals to obtain an effective analysis signal, and then uses a preset dynamic model and parameter optimization algorithm to identify the target identification parameters from this effective analysis signal. Finally, based on these target identification parameters, the dynamic balance state of the X-ray tube rotating anode is evaluated to obtain the evaluation result. This method for assessing the dynamic balance of the rotating anode in an X-ray tube requires no disassembly of the tube, maintaining its vacuum-sealed structure and precision assembly throughout the process. This avoids problems such as vacuum leakage and changes in bearing preload caused by traditional disassembly methods, thus not affecting the tube's service life or operational reliability. Furthermore, no reassembly is required after testing, completely preserving the overall operating state of the tube. In addition, it can accurately obtain the specific numerical value and phase information of the rotating anode imbalance at the whole-unit level, overcoming the limitation of traditional threshold methods that can only make binary judgments. This provides precise whole-unit-level parameter guidance for dynamic balance correction. Simultaneously, the test is based on the actual structure and constraints of the tube, and the results accurately reflect the actual operating state of the assembled unit, solving the problem of the test environment being disconnected from the operating conditions in traditional disassembly methods. This method can simultaneously acquire rotating anode dynamic balance data and dynamic parameters of key components such as bearing equivalent stiffness and damping in a single test, overcoming the limitation of traditional methods that can only obtain single imbalance information. It comprehensively reflects the complete system dynamic characteristics of the motor, bearing housing, and casing, and promptly detects potential system-level vibration hazards. Therefore, the method for evaluating the dynamic balance of the rotating anode of an X-ray tube provided by this invention can evaluate the dynamic balance of the rotating anode of an X-ray tube in a multi-dimensional and high-precision manner without damaging the tube structure. Attached Figure Description

[0055] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0056] Figure 1 The flowchart shows the method for evaluating the dynamic balance state of the rotating anode of an X-ray tube provided by this invention.

[0057] Figure 2 This is a flowchart for calculating the frequency response and performing coherence analysis on the excitation signal and vibration acceleration response signal, provided by the present invention.

[0058] Figure 3 The flowchart for obtaining target identification parameters is provided by the present invention.

[0059] Figure 4 This invention provides a flowchart for evaluating the dynamic balance state based on target identification parameters.

[0060] Figure 5 The structural block diagram of the X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state evaluation device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0061] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0062] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of the invention described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0064] This embodiment provides a method for evaluating the dynamic balance state of a rotating anode in an X-ray tube. Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for evaluating the dynamic balance state of an X-ray tube rotating anode according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0065] S100. Acquire the excitation signal and vibration acceleration response signal of the X-ray tube housing, wherein the vibration acceleration response signal is acquired after the excitation signal is applied to the X-ray tube housing;

[0066] In this embodiment of the invention, an excitation device and a sensing device are provided in the outer shell of the X-ray tube. The excitation device can apply an excitation signal to the outer shell of the X-ray tube, and the sensing device can collect the vibration acceleration response signal of the outer shell of the X-ray tube after the excitation signal is applied.

[0067] Specifically, the excitation device can be composed of a programmable power amplifier and a miniature electromagnetic vibrator (the vibrator weighs ≤0.5kg), which is attached to the area directly above the bearing seat of the X-ray tube housing (perpendicular to the axis of the rotating anode) by a magnetic chuck; the excitation frequency range is 50-2000Hz, and the excitation force amplitude is 0.5-5N, ensuring that the excitation force is directly transmitted to the bearing system without affecting the tube structure.

[0068] The sensing device can be a piezoelectric force sensor (range 0-10N, sensitivity 10mV / N), connected in series between the exciter and the X-ray tube housing; paired with two triaxial ICP accelerometers (range 0-50m / s², sensitivity 100mV / (m / s²)), respectively installed on the left side housing of the bearing housing and the X-ray tube motor end housing; the sensor cable is a shielded cable (length ≤2m) to avoid signal interference.

[0069] S200. Perform frequency response calculation and coherence analysis based on the excitation signal and the vibration acceleration response signal to obtain an effective analysis signal;

[0070] In this embodiment of the invention, the frequency response function is calculated based on the excitation signal and vibration acceleration response signal obtained above, and then coherent analysis is performed to determine that the obtained excitation signal and vibration acceleration response signal are both valid analysis signals. If the requirements for a valid analysis signal are not met after frequency response calculation and coherent analysis, the currently acquired excitation signal and vibration acceleration response signal are discarded and reacquired, and the frequency response calculation and coherent analysis process is repeated until a valid analysis signal is obtained.

[0071] S300. Based on the preset dynamic model and parameter optimization algorithm, the effective analysis signal is subjected to parameter identification to obtain target identification parameters. The target identification parameters include at least the bearing equivalent stiffness, bearing equivalent damping, rotating anode unbalance, and rotating anode unbalance phase of the X-ray tube.

[0072] In this embodiment of the invention, parameter identification is performed on the effective analysis signals that have been screened. This process can be implemented based on a preset dynamic model and a parameter optimization algorithm. Specifically, the parameters to be identified in the effective analysis signals are determined by the preset dynamic model, and then the parameters to be identified are optimized by the optimization algorithm to obtain the final target identification parameters.

[0073] S400. Evaluate the dynamic balance state of the rotating anode of the X-ray tube according to the target identification parameters, and obtain the evaluation result of the dynamic balance state of the rotating anode of the X-ray tube.

[0074] In this embodiment of the invention, the target identification parameters obtained based on parameter identification can be used to evaluate the dynamic balance state, thereby obtaining the evaluation result of the dynamic balance state of the rotating anode of the X-ray tube.

[0075] Therefore, the method for evaluating the dynamic balance state of the rotating anode of an X-ray tube provided by this invention obtains the excitation signal and vibration acceleration response signal of the X-ray tube shell, and performs frequency response calculation and coherence analysis based on the excitation signal and vibration acceleration signal to obtain an effective analysis signal. Then, based on a preset dynamic model and parameter optimization algorithm, the effective analysis signal is used to identify the target identification parameters. Finally, the dynamic balance state of the rotating anode of the X-ray tube is evaluated based on the target identification parameters to obtain the evaluation result of the dynamic balance state of the rotating anode of the X-ray tube. This method for assessing the dynamic balance of the rotating anode in an X-ray tube requires no disassembly of the tube, maintaining its vacuum-sealed structure and precision assembly throughout the process. This avoids problems such as vacuum leakage and changes in bearing preload caused by traditional disassembly methods, thus not affecting the tube's service life or operational reliability. Furthermore, no reassembly is required after testing, completely preserving the overall operating state of the tube. In addition, it can accurately obtain the specific numerical value and phase information of the rotating anode imbalance at the whole-unit level, overcoming the limitation of traditional threshold methods that can only make binary judgments. This provides precise whole-unit-level parameter guidance for dynamic balance correction. Simultaneously, the test is based on the actual structure and constraints of the tube, and the results accurately reflect the actual operating state of the assembled unit, solving the problem of the test environment being disconnected from the operating conditions in traditional disassembly methods. This method can simultaneously acquire rotating anode dynamic balance data and dynamic parameters of key components such as bearing equivalent stiffness and damping in a single test, overcoming the limitation of traditional methods that can only obtain single imbalance information. It comprehensively reflects the complete system dynamic characteristics of the motor, bearing housing, and casing, and promptly detects potential system-level vibration hazards. Therefore, the method for evaluating the dynamic balance of the rotating anode of an X-ray tube provided by this invention can evaluate the dynamic balance of the rotating anode of an X-ray tube in a multi-dimensional and high-precision manner without damaging the tube structure.

[0076] In this embodiment of the invention, frequency response calculation and coherence analysis are performed based on the excitation signal and the vibration acceleration response signal, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes:

[0077] S210. Perform discrete Fourier transform on the excitation signal and the vibration acceleration response signal respectively to obtain the frequency domain signal of the excitation signal and the frequency domain signal of the vibration acceleration response signal.

[0078] In this embodiment of the invention, the excitation signal and the vibration acceleration response signal are both time-domain signals. Therefore, the acquired time-domain signals are first preprocessed by windowing, detrending, and filtering to remove power frequency interference and DC offset. Then, the excitation signal and the vibration acceleration response signal are subjected to discrete Fourier transform to obtain the frequency domain signals.

[0079] Specifically, F(jω) = DFT[f(t)], X(jω) = DFT[x(t)], where F(jω) represents the frequency domain signal of the excitation signal, which is acquired by the excitation device; X(jω) represents the frequency domain signal of the vibration acceleration response signal, which is acquired by the vibration acceleration sensor.

[0080] S220. Calculate the measured frequency response function based on the frequency domain signal of the excitation signal and the frequency domain signal of the vibration acceleration response signal to obtain the cross power spectral density of the excitation and response and the self power spectral density of the excitation signal.

[0081] In this embodiment of the invention, the frequency response function H(jω) is calculated using the H1 estimation method, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0082] H (jω)=X (jω) / F (jω)=G_fx (jω) / G_ff (jω),

[0083] Where G_fx (jω) represents the cross-power spectral density of the excitation and response, and G_ff (jω) represents the self-power spectral density of the excitation signal.

[0084] S230. Calculate the coherence function based on the cross power spectral density of the excitation and response, the autopower spectral density of the excitation signal, and the autopower spectral density of the vibration acceleration response signal.

[0085] In this embodiment of the invention, to ensure the frequency response function is accurate and reliable, the coherence function is calculated synchronously. The specific formula for calculating the coherence function is as follows:

[0086] γ²(ω)=|G_fx (jω)|² / (G_ff (jω)×G_xx (jω)),

[0087] Wherein, G_xx (jω) represents the self-power spectral density of the vibration acceleration response signal.

[0088] S240. Determine the effective analysis signal based on the calculation result of the coherence function.

[0089] In this embodiment of the invention, the calculation results based on the coherence function can determine whether the two signals collected above are valid analysis signals.

[0090] Specifically, determining the effective analysis signal based on the calculation result of the coherence function includes:

[0091] (1) Compare the calculation result of the coherence function with the preset coherence coefficient threshold;

[0092] (2) If the calculation result of the coherence function is greater than or equal to the preset coherence coefficient threshold, then the vibration acceleration response signal is determined to be a valid analysis signal;

[0093] (3) If the calculated result of the coherence function is less than the preset coherence coefficient threshold, the vibration acceleration response signal is discarded and the vibration acceleration response signal is reacquired.

[0094] In this embodiment of the invention, the coherence function ranges from 0 to 1, and the preset coherence coefficient threshold is set to 0.85. If γ²(ω) ≥ 0.85, the signal noise is considered low and the frequency response function is effective; if γ²(ω) < 0.85, the frequency band is determined to be affected by external interference, and it is automatically removed and re-acquired.

[0095] Through the complete process described above, including power spectral density, cross spectrum, autospectral density, frequency response function, and coherence coefficient, high-precision and verifiable frequency response function calculations can be achieved.

[0096] In this embodiment of the invention, target identification parameters are obtained by performing parameter identification on the effective analysis signal according to a preset dynamic model and a parameter optimization algorithm, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it includes:

[0097] S310. Determine the vector of parameters to be identified and the preset dynamic model as the basis for parameter identification;

[0098] Specifically, the expression for the preset dynamic model is:

[0099] M×X"(t)+C×X'(t)+K×X (t)=F_unb (t)+F_exc (t),

[0100] Where M represents the equivalent mass of the bearing in kg, C represents the equivalent damping of the bearing in N·s / m, K represents the equivalent stiffness of the bearing in N / m, X(t) represents the vibration displacement response of the X-ray tube shell in m, F_unb(t) represents the unbalanced excitation force of the rotating anode in N, and F_exc(t) represents the excitation signal of the X-ray tube shell in N.

[0101] The expression for the unbalanced excitation force F_unb(t) of the rotating anode is:

[0102] F_unb (t)=m_unb×r_unb×ω²×sin (ωt+φ_unb),

[0103] Where m_unb×r_unb represents the unbalance of the rotating anode (where m_unb represents the eccentric mass and r_unb represents the eccentric radius), the unit can be g·mm, φ_unb represents the unbalance phase of the rotating anode, the unit can be °, ω represents the angular velocity of the rotating anode, the unit can be rad / s, ω=2πn / 60, n represents the rotational speed, the unit is r / min.

[0104] In this embodiment of the invention, the frequency domain form corresponding to the preset dynamic model is:

[0105] H_model (jω)=1 / (-Mω²+jCω+K),

[0106] Based on this, the determined parameter vector to be identified is: P=[M, C, K, m_unb×r_unb, φ_unb].

[0107] S320. Construct an error function based on the error between the model frequency response function of the preset dynamic model and the measured frequency response function;

[0108] In this embodiment of the invention, the optimization objective is to minimize the error between the model frequency response function of the preset dynamic model and the measured frequency response function.

[0109] J (P)=∑(i=1→N)|H_meas (jω_i)-H_model (jω_i,P)|²,

[0110] Where H_meas represents the measured frequency response function, which is obtained by frequency response calculation from the acquired signal; H_model represents the theoretical frequency response function calculated by the dynamic model; and N represents the number of frequency points involved in the fitting calculation.

[0111] S330. The error function is optimized according to the parameter optimization algorithm to realize the identification of the parameter vector to be identified and obtain the target identification parameters.

[0112] In this embodiment of the invention, the parameter optimization algorithm can be specifically implemented using a genetic algorithm.

[0113] Specifically, the error function is optimized according to a parameter optimization algorithm to achieve the identification of the parameter vector to be identified, including:

[0114] (1) Randomly generate multiple sets of parameter vectors to be identified, where each set of parameter vectors to be identified is an independent entity;

[0115] In this embodiment of the invention, multiple sets of parameter vectors P are randomly generated, with each set representing an individual.

[0116] (2) Calculate the fitness of each individual based on the error function;

[0117] In this embodiment of the invention, 1 / (1+J (P)) is used as the individual fitness, and the smaller the error, the higher the fitness.

[0118] (3) Sort individuals from highest to lowest fitness and retain individuals with fitness greater than the preset fitness threshold.

[0119] In this embodiment of the invention, individuals are sorted from high to low fitness, and the best individuals are retained.

[0120] (4) Perform gene crossover on the retained independent individuals to generate new parameter combinations;

[0121] In this embodiment of the invention, gene crossover is performed on selected individuals to generate new parameter combinations.

[0122] (5) Perturb some parameters in the new parameter combination;

[0123] In this embodiment of the invention, some parameters are perturbed within a small range to avoid getting trapped in local optima.

[0124] (6) Repeat the above process from sorting to partial parameter perturbation until the error function converges to the minimum.

[0125] In this embodiment of the invention, the above steps (3), (4) and (5) are repeated until the objective function J (P) converges to the minimum. The optimal parameter P* output after convergence is: equivalent mass M, equivalent damping C, equivalent stiffness K, unbalance m_unb×r_unb, and unbalance phase φ_unb.

[0126] In this embodiment of the invention, the dynamic balance state of the rotating anode of the X-ray tube is evaluated based on the target identification parameters to obtain the dynamic balance state evaluation result of the rotating anode of the X-ray tube, such as... Figure 4 As shown, it includes:

[0127] S410. Determine the calculation standard for allowable unbalance and determine the allowable unbalance.

[0128] Specifically, the allowable unbalance is calculated according to ISO 1940 and YY / T 0909 standards: U_per = G × m × ω, where U_per represents the allowable unbalance; G represents the dynamic balancing accuracy class, such as G2.5; m represents the mass of the rotating anode, in kg; and ω represents the angular velocity of the rotating anode, in rad / s.

[0129] S420. The dynamic balance state of the rotating anode imbalance is determined according to the allowable imbalance amount, wherein the dynamic balance state determination result includes at least the following: excellent dynamic balance state, qualified dynamic balance state, dynamic balance state close to exceeding the limit, and dynamic balance state exceeding the limit.

[0130] In this embodiment of the invention, the dynamic balance state determination result is determined based on the determination rules, specifically:

[0131] If m_unb×r_unb ≤ 0.5U_per, then the dynamic balance is excellent;

[0132] If 0.5U_per < m_unb×r_unb ≤ 0.8U_per, then the dynamic balance is acceptable and the device can continue to be used.

[0133] If 0.8 U_per < m_unb×r_unb ≤ U_per, the dynamic balance is close to exceeding the limit, and maintenance is recommended in the near future.

[0134] If m_unb×r_unb > U_per, then the dynamic balance is out of control, meaning it exceeds the standard allowable range, and the machine needs to be stopped immediately to correct the dynamic balance.

[0135] S430. The bearing condition is determined based on the bearing equivalent stiffness and bearing equivalent damping, wherein the bearing condition determination result includes at least the bearing being normal, the bearing stiffness being slightly reduced, and the bearing stiffness being significantly reduced.

[0136] In this embodiment of the invention, if the stiffness K decreases by ≤5% and the damping C changes by ≤10%, the bearing is normal; if 5% < stiffness K decreases by ≤10%, or 10% < damping C decreases by ≤20%, the bearing stiffness is slightly reduced, and there is early wear, slight reduction in preload, or slight deterioration in lubrication; if stiffness K decreases by >10%, or damping C decreases by >20%, the bearing stiffness is significantly reduced, and there is significant wear, severe preload, severe deterioration in lubrication, or significant increase in clearance.

[0137] S440. Generate X-ray tube maintenance recommendations based on the dynamic balance state determination results and the bearing state determination results.

[0138] In this embodiment of the invention, X-ray tube maintenance recommendations can be automatically generated based on the above dynamic balance state determination results and bearing state determination results.

[0139] Specifically, X-ray tube maintenance recommendations are generated based on the dynamic balance state determination results and the bearing state determination results, including:

[0140] (1) X-ray tube vibration prediction is performed based on the target identification parameters, wherein the X-ray tube vibration prediction results include at least: predicting normal vibration and maintaining normal detection cycle, predicting low vibration risk and shortening detection cycle, and predicting excessive vibration.

[0141] In this embodiment of the invention, the full-speed vibration is predicted based on the target identification parameters: if the predicted vibration is less than 70% of the limit, the operation is safe; if the predicted vibration is between 70% and 90% of the limit, close observation is required and the detection cycle should be shortened; if the predicted vibration is greater than 90% of the limit, there is a high risk, and it is recommended to stop the machine for inspection as soon as possible.

[0142] (2) If the dynamic balance is good and the bearing is normal, the maintenance recommendation for the X-ray tube is to continue to use it and perform routine inspections periodically;

[0143] (3) If the dynamic balance is qualified and the bearing stiffness is slightly reduced, the X-ray tube maintenance recommendation is to use it normally and compare the trend of change in the next key comparison.

[0144] (4) If the dynamic balance state is close to exceeding the limit or the bearing stiffness is significantly reduced, the X-ray tube maintenance is recommended to be preventive maintenance within a specified period.

[0145] (5) If the dynamic balance condition exceeds the limit and the predicted vibration exceeds the standard, the X-ray tube maintenance recommendation is to check and correct the dynamic balance immediately.

[0146] The following describes in detail the specific implementation process of the X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state evaluation method according to an embodiment of the present invention, combined with a specific scenario.

[0147] Suppose a hospital's CT scanner's X-ray tube experiences "abnormal shell vibration at high rotation speed." Based on this invention's method for assessing the dynamic balance of the rotating anode of the X-ray tube, the specific process and parameter acquisition logic are as follows:

[0148] Preliminary preparation (5 minutes): Deploy the hardware equipment according to the installation process. Attach the vibrator to the top of the bearing housing of the X-ray tube using a magnetic chuck. Attach the two triaxial ICP accelerometers to the left side of the bearing housing and the X-ray tube motor end housing, respectively. Connect the sensors and the data acquisition instrument. Start the software to complete the sensor zero-point calibration and sensitivity calibration.

[0149] Parameter Acquisition (30 minutes): The software was set to "Linear Sweep Excitation (50-2000Hz, 30s)". The excitation device output a 5N amplitude, smooth sweep excitation force signal F_exc(t) (i.e., f(t)), which was synchronously acquired by a piezoelectric force sensor. Simultaneously, two accelerometers acquired the vibration acceleration response signal x(t) of the tube shell, with the peak vibration acceleration at the bearing housing reaching 1.2m / s². After acquisition, the software automatically performed windowing, detrending, and filtering preprocessing on the two time-domain signals to remove power frequency interference. Then, the frequency domain signals F(jω) and X(jω) were obtained through discrete Fourier transform. The measured frequency response function H_meas(jω) was calculated using the H1 estimation method. The coherence coefficient was calculated to be 0.92 (≥0.85, meeting reliability requirements), confirming the validity of the measured frequency response data and providing qualified basic data for subsequent parameter identification.

[0150] Parameter identification (10 minutes): Using the single-degree-of-freedom equivalent dynamic model specific to X-ray tubes, and substituting the above-mentioned effective measured frequency response function H_meas(jω), the genetic algorithm is initiated to find the optimal solution with the goal of minimizing the error between the theoretical frequency response function H_model(jω) and the measured frequency response function H_meas(jω).

[0151] First, multiple sets of parameter vectors to be identified are randomly generated: P = [M, C, K, m_unb×r_unb, φ_unb] (each set represents an individual).

[0152] Calculate the fitness of each individual (using 1 / (1+J(P)), the smaller the error, the higher the fitness), and retain the best individuals by fitness.

[0153] New parameter combinations are generated through crossover and mutation operations, and the optimization is iterated repeatedly until the objective function J(P) converges to the minimum.

[0154] After convergence, the optimal parameter P* is output, which is the core identification parameter of this test: 1) Bearing equivalent stiffness K = 2.2 × 10 6 N / m; 2) Equivalent bearing damping C = 140 N·s / m; 3) Rotating anode unbalance m_unb×r_unb = 0.38 g·mm; 4) Unbalance phase φ_unb = 115°.

[0155] Results and Decisions (5 minutes): The software calls upon ISO 1940 and YY / T0909-2014 standards, calculates the allowable unbalance using the formula U_per=G×m×ω, compares the identified unbalance of 0.38 g·mm, and determines the dynamic balance level as "G2.5 (close to the limit of 0.5 g·mm)". Simultaneously, all identified parameters are substituted into the dynamic model, predicting that at full speed of 9000 r / min, the vibration acceleration of the tube shell is 1.1 m / s² (close to the limit of 1.2 m / s²). Finally, an automatic inspection report is generated, and considering the slightly decreased equivalent stiffness of the bearing, a recommendation is given: "Arrange preventative maintenance within 1000 hours, prioritizing inspection of bearing wear."

[0156] In summary, the X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state assessment method provided by this invention possesses core advantages such as non-destructiveness, high precision, multi-dimensionality, strong guidance, and predictability, achieving a comprehensive improvement in detection performance and application value. Specific positive effects are as follows:

[0157] (1) Non-destructive testing, ensuring the original state of the X-ray tube. The X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state assessment method of the present invention does not require disassembling the X-ray tube, and maintains its vacuum sealing structure and precision assembly state throughout the process. It avoids problems such as vacuum leakage and bearing preload changes caused by traditional disassembly methods, does not affect the service life and operational reliability of the X-ray tube, and does not require reassembly after testing, and does not change the overall working state of the X-ray tube.

[0158] (2) Precise quantitative positioning, and the test results are consistent with the actual working conditions. The X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state assessment method of the present invention can accurately obtain the specific value and phase information of the unbalance of the rotating anode at the whole machine level, breaking through the limitation of the traditional threshold method which can only make binary judgments, and can provide accurate whole machine level parameter guidance for dynamic balance correction; at the same time, the test is based on the actual structure and constraints of the X-ray tube, and the results can truly reflect the actual working state after the whole machine is assembled, solving the problem of the disconnect between the test environment and working conditions of the traditional disassembly method.

[0159] (3) Simultaneous acquisition of multiple parameters enables system-level state detection. The X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state assessment method of this embodiment can simultaneously acquire the dynamic balance data of the rotating anode and the dynamic parameters of key components such as the equivalent stiffness and damping of the bearing in a single detection. This breaks through the limitation of traditional methods that can only acquire single unbalance information, comprehensively reflects the complete system dynamic characteristics composed of the motor, bearing housing, and housing, and promptly detects potential system-level vibration hazards.

[0160] (4) Moderate detection efficiency, suitable for diverse application scenarios. The X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state assessment method of this embodiment of the invention requires only 30-60 minutes for the detection of a single tube, including measurement and analysis, which balances detection accuracy and efficiency. Compared with the low efficiency of the traditional disassembly method of 2-4 hours, it is more suitable for batch detection and rapid maintenance needs. At the same time, it is applicable to offline precision detection scenarios such as tube factory inspection, regular maintenance, and fault diagnosis, which makes up for the shortcomings of the traditional threshold method, which can only perform rough and rapid screening.

[0161] (5) Possesses prediction and early warning capabilities, supporting predictive maintenance. The X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state assessment method of the present invention can substitute the identified parameters into the theoretical model to predict the shell vibration response of the tube at any rotation speed and predict operational risks in advance; it can also track the parameter change trend through periodic testing to achieve early fault warning of dynamic balance state deterioration, providing a basis for formulating scientific maintenance cycles, and solving the industry pain points of traditional methods that lack state prediction and cannot carry out predictive maintenance.

[0162] (6) Data supports science and avoids misjudgment and omission. The X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state assessment method of this embodiment is based on system identification theory and parameterized dynamic model to realize detection. The results have a rigorous theoretical basis and avoid the misjudgment and omission caused by the subjective experience threshold and inability to distinguish interference factors in the traditional threshold method. The reliability and accuracy of the detection results are greatly improved.

[0163] As another embodiment of the present invention, an X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state evaluation device 100 is provided to implement the X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state evaluation method described above, wherein, as Figure 5 As shown, it includes:

[0164] The acquisition module 110 is used to acquire the excitation signal and vibration acceleration response signal of the X-ray tube shell, wherein the vibration acceleration response signal is acquired after the excitation signal is applied to the X-ray tube shell;

[0165] The frequency response and coherence analysis module 120 is used to perform frequency response calculation and coherence analysis based on the excitation signal and the vibration acceleration response signal to obtain an effective analysis signal.

[0166] The parameter identification module 130 is used to identify the target identification parameters by performing parameter identification on the effective analysis signal according to the preset dynamic model and parameter optimization algorithm. The target identification parameters include at least the bearing equivalent stiffness, bearing equivalent damping, rotating anode unbalance, and rotating anode unbalance phase of the X-ray tube.

[0167] The evaluation module 140 is used to evaluate the dynamic balance state of the rotating anode of the X-ray tube according to the target identification parameters, and obtain the evaluation result of the dynamic balance state of the rotating anode of the X-ray tube.

[0168] The X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state assessment device provided by the present invention acquires the excitation signal and vibration acceleration response signal of the X-ray tube shell, and obtains an effective analysis signal by performing frequency response calculation and coherence analysis based on the excitation signal and vibration acceleration signal. Then, it identifies the target identification parameters based on the effective analysis signal according to the preset dynamic model and parameter optimization algorithm, and finally evaluates the dynamic balance state of the X-ray tube rotating anode based on the target identification parameters to obtain the dynamic balance state assessment result of the X-ray tube rotating anode. This X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance assessment device eliminates the need to disassemble the tube, maintaining its vacuum-sealed structure and precision assembly throughout the process. This avoids issues such as vacuum leakage and bearing preload changes caused by traditional disassembly methods, preserving the tube's lifespan and operational reliability. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for reassembly after testing, ensuring no change to the overall operating state of the tube. Additionally, it accurately acquires the specific numerical value and phase information of the rotating anode imbalance at the whole-unit level, overcoming the limitations of traditional threshold methods that only allow for binary judgments. This provides precise whole-unit-level parameter guidance for dynamic balance correction. Simultaneously, the testing is based on the actual structure and constraints of the tube, ensuring the results accurately reflect the actual operating state after assembly, resolving the disconnect between the testing environment and operating conditions inherent in traditional disassembly methods. A single test can simultaneously acquire rotating anode dynamic balance data and dynamic parameters of key components such as bearing equivalent stiffness and damping, overcoming the limitations of traditional methods that only obtain single imbalance information. This comprehensively reflects the complete system dynamic characteristics of the motor, bearing housing, and casing, enabling timely detection of potential system-level vibration hazards. Therefore, the X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state evaluation device provided by the present invention can evaluate the dynamic balance state of the X-ray tube rotating anode in multiple dimensions and with high precision without damaging the tube structure.

[0169] The specific working principle of the X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state evaluation device provided by the present invention can be referred to the description of the X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state evaluation method above, and will not be repeated here.

[0170] As another embodiment of the present invention, an X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state evaluation system is provided, comprising: an excitation device, a sensing device, and an industrial control computer. Both the excitation device and the sensing device are communicatively connected to the industrial control computer. The industrial control computer includes the aforementioned X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state evaluation device. Both the excitation device and the sensing device are disposed on the X-ray tube shell. The excitation device can apply an excitation signal to the X-ray tube shell, and the sensing device can collect the vibration acceleration response signal of the X-ray tube shell after the excitation signal is applied. The X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state evaluation device can evaluate the dynamic balance state of the X-ray tube rotating anode based on the excitation signal and the vibration acceleration response signal.

[0171] In this embodiment of the invention, the excitation device may specifically consist of a programmable power amplifier and a miniature electromagnetic vibrator (the vibrator weighs ≤0.5kg), which is attached to the area directly above the bearing seat of the CV tube housing by a magnetic chuck (perpendicular to the axis of the rotating anode); the excitation frequency range is 50~2000Hz, and the excitation force amplitude is 0.5-5N, ensuring that the excitation force is directly transmitted to the bearing system without affecting the CV tube structure.

[0172] The sensing device can be a piezoelectric force sensor (range 0~10N, sensitivity 10mV / N), connected in series between the exciter and the X-ray tube housing; paired with two triaxial ICP accelerometers (range 0~50m / s², sensitivity 100mV / (m / s²)), respectively installed on the left side housing of the bearing housing and the X-ray tube motor end housing; the sensor cable is a shielded cable (length ≤2m) to avoid signal interference.

[0173] In this embodiment of the invention, an 8-channel synchronous data acquisition instrument (sampling rate 100kHz, AD resolution 16bit) can be used to acquire the above-mentioned sensing signals and excitation signals. After acquisition, the signals are sent to an industrial control computer (CPU: i5-10400, memory: 16GB). Excitation and acquisition are synchronized through a trigger signal, with a time synchronization error ≤1μs. The industrial control computer is connected via a USB 3.0 interface with a transmission rate ≥50MB / s.

[0174] It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the invention, the X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state evaluation system supports excitation parameter settings (frequency, amplitude, sweep mode), sensor calibration, real-time data acquisition and storage, and visualizes the excitation curve and signal waveform. The data is saved in .tdms format. Specifically, the X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state evaluation device uses the H1 estimation method to calculate the frequency response function (vibration acceleration / excitation force), automatically verifies the coherence coefficient, and displays a pop-up message indicating invalid data if < 0.85. Additionally, it uses a pre-stored X-ray tube-specific dynamic model and employs a combination of genetic algorithm and Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (global optimization and local refinement) to solve the problem, with a solution time ≤ 10 minutes. Finally, the X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state evaluation system has a built-in standardized report template that automatically fills in core parameters and evaluation conclusions; it supports X-ray tube data storage and querying, and can generate parameter change trend curves.

[0175] In summary, the X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state assessment system provided by this invention includes an industrial control computer comprising the aforementioned X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state assessment device. It acquires the excitation signal and vibration acceleration response signal of the X-ray tube shell, performs frequency response calculation and coherence analysis based on the excitation signal and vibration acceleration signal to obtain an effective analysis signal, and then uses a preset dynamic model and parameter optimization algorithm to identify the target identification parameters based on these effective analysis signals. Finally, it assesses the dynamic balance state of the X-ray tube rotating anode based on these target identification parameters to obtain the X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state assessment result. This X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance assessment system eliminates the need for disassembly of the tube, maintaining its vacuum-sealed structure and precision assembly throughout the process. This avoids issues such as vacuum leakage and bearing preload changes caused by traditional disassembly methods, preserving the tube's lifespan and operational reliability. Furthermore, no reassembly is required after testing, ensuring no alteration to the overall operating state of the tube. Additionally, it accurately acquires the specific numerical value and phase information of the rotating anode imbalance at the whole-unit level, overcoming the limitations of traditional threshold methods that only allow for binary judgments. This provides precise whole-unit-level parameter guidance for dynamic balance correction. Simultaneously, the testing is based on the actual structure and constraints of the tube, ensuring the results accurately reflect the actual operating state after assembly, resolving the disconnect between the testing environment and operating conditions inherent in traditional disassembly methods. A single test can simultaneously acquire rotating anode dynamic balance data and dynamic parameters of key components such as bearing equivalent stiffness and damping, overcoming the limitations of traditional methods that only obtain single imbalance information. This comprehensively reflects the complete system dynamic characteristics of the motor, bearing housing, and casing, enabling timely detection of potential system-level vibration hazards. Therefore, the X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state evaluation system provided by the present invention can evaluate the dynamic balance state of the X-ray tube rotating anode in multiple dimensions and with high precision without damaging the tube structure.

[0176] The specific working principle of the X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state assessment system provided by this invention can be referred to the description of the X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state assessment method above, and will not be repeated here.

[0177] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the dynamic balance state of a rotating anode in an X-ray tube, characterized in that, include: The excitation signal and vibration acceleration response signal of the X-ray tube shell are acquired, wherein the vibration acceleration response signal is acquired after the excitation signal is applied to the X-ray tube shell; Frequency response calculation and coherence analysis are performed based on the excitation signal and the vibration acceleration response signal to obtain an effective analysis signal; The target identification parameters are obtained by performing parameter identification on the effective analysis signal according to the preset dynamic model and parameter optimization algorithm. The target identification parameters include at least the bearing equivalent stiffness, bearing equivalent damping, rotating anode unbalance, and rotating anode unbalance phase of the X-ray tube. The dynamic balance state of the rotating anode of the X-ray tube is evaluated based on the target identification parameters to obtain the evaluation results of the dynamic balance state of the rotating anode of the X-ray tube.

2. The method for evaluating the dynamic balance state of the rotating anode in an X-ray tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, Frequency response calculation and coherence analysis are performed based on the excitation signal and the vibration acceleration response signal, including: The excitation signal and the vibration acceleration response signal are subjected to discrete Fourier transform respectively to obtain the frequency domain signal of the excitation signal and the frequency domain signal of the vibration acceleration response signal. The measured frequency response function is calculated based on the frequency domain signals of the excitation signal and the vibration acceleration response signal to obtain the cross power spectral density of the excitation and response and the self power spectral density of the excitation signal. The coherence function is calculated based on the cross power spectral density of the excitation and response, the autopower spectral density of the excitation signal, and the autopower spectral density of the vibration acceleration response signal. The effective analysis signal is determined based on the calculation results of the coherence function.

3. The method for evaluating the dynamic balance state of the rotating anode in an X-ray tube according to claim 2, characterized in that, Determining the effective analysis signal based on the calculation results of the coherence function includes: The calculation result of the coherence function is compared with a preset coherence coefficient threshold; If the calculated result of the coherence function is greater than or equal to the preset coherence coefficient threshold, then the vibration acceleration response signal is determined to be a valid analysis signal; If the calculated result of the coherence function is less than the preset coherence coefficient threshold, the vibration acceleration response signal is discarded and a new vibration acceleration response signal is acquired.

4. The method for evaluating the dynamic balance state of the rotating anode in an X-ray tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on a preset dynamic model and parameter optimization algorithm, the effective analysis signal is subjected to parameter identification to obtain target identification parameters, including: Determine the vector of parameters to be identified and the preset dynamic model that serves as the basis for parameter identification; An error function is constructed based on the error between the model frequency response function of the preset dynamic model and the measured frequency response function; The error function is optimized using a parameter optimization algorithm to identify the parameter vector to be identified, thereby obtaining the target identification parameters.

5. The method for evaluating the dynamic balance state of the rotating anode in an X-ray tube according to claim 4, characterized in that, The expression for the preset dynamic model is: M×X"(t)+C×X'(t)+K×X (t)=F_unb (t)+F_exc (t), Where M represents the equivalent mass of the bearing, C represents the equivalent damping of the bearing, K represents the equivalent stiffness of the bearing, X(t) represents the vibration displacement response of the X-ray tube shell, F_unb(t) represents the unbalanced excitation force of the rotating anode, and F_exc(t) represents the excitation signal of the X-ray tube shell. The expression for the unbalanced excitation force F_unb(t) of the rotating anode is: F_unb (t)=m_unb×r_unb×ω²×sin (ωt+φ_unb), Where m_unb×r_unb represents the unbalance of the rotating anode, φ_unb represents the phase of the unbalance of the rotating anode, and ω represents the angular velocity of the rotating anode.

6. The method for evaluating the dynamic balance state of the rotating anode in an X-ray tube according to claim 4, characterized in that, The error function is optimized using a parameter optimization algorithm to identify the parameter vector to be identified, including: Multiple sets of parameter vectors to be identified are randomly generated, where each set of parameter vectors to be identified is an independent entity; The fitness of each individual is calculated based on the error function; Sort individuals by fitness from highest to lowest, and retain individuals with fitness greater than a preset fitness threshold. Gene crossover is performed on the retained individual samples to generate new parameter combinations; Perturb some parameters in the new parameter combination; Repeat the above process from sorting to partial parameter perturbation until the error function converges to a minimum.

7. The method for evaluating the dynamic balance state of the rotating anode in an X-ray tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic balance state of the rotating anode of the X-ray tube is evaluated based on the target identification parameters to obtain the evaluation results, including: Determine the calculation standard for allowable unbalance and determine the allowable unbalance. The dynamic balance state of the rotating anode imbalance is determined according to the allowable imbalance amount, wherein the dynamic balance state determination result includes at least the following: excellent dynamic balance state, qualified dynamic balance state, dynamic balance state close to exceeding the limit, and dynamic balance state exceeding the limit. The bearing condition is determined based on the bearing equivalent stiffness and bearing equivalent damping, wherein the bearing condition determination result includes at least the bearing being normal, the bearing stiffness being slightly reduced, and the bearing stiffness being significantly reduced. X-ray tube maintenance recommendations are generated based on the dynamic balance status determination results and the bearing status determination results.

8. The method for evaluating the dynamic balance state of the rotating anode in an X-ray tube according to claim 7, characterized in that, Based on the dynamic balance condition determination results and the bearing condition determination results, X-ray tube maintenance recommendations are generated, including: X-ray tube vibration prediction is performed based on the target identification parameters, wherein the X-ray tube vibration prediction results include at least: predicting normal vibration and maintaining normal detection cycle, predicting low vibration risk and shortening detection cycle, and predicting excessive vibration. If the dynamic balance is good and the bearing is normal, the recommended maintenance for the X-ray tube is to continue using it and perform routine periodic inspections. If the dynamic balance condition is qualified and the bearing stiffness is slightly reduced, the X-ray tube maintenance recommendation is to use it normally and compare the trend of change in the next key comparison. If the dynamic balance state is close to exceeding the limit or the bearing stiffness is significantly reduced, the X-ray tube maintenance recommendation is limited-term preventive maintenance. If the dynamic balance condition exceeds the limit and the predicted vibration exceeds the standard, the recommended maintenance for the X-ray tube is to immediately check and correct the dynamic balance.

9. An X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state assessment device, used to implement the X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state assessment method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire the excitation signal and vibration acceleration response signal of the X-ray tube shell, wherein the vibration acceleration response signal is acquired after the excitation signal is applied to the X-ray tube shell; The frequency response and coherence analysis module is used to perform frequency response calculation and coherence analysis based on the excitation signal and the vibration acceleration response signal to obtain an effective analysis signal; The parameter identification module is used to identify the target identification parameters by performing parameter identification on the effective analysis signal according to the preset dynamic model and parameter optimization algorithm. The target identification parameters include at least the bearing equivalent stiffness, bearing equivalent damping, rotating anode unbalance, and rotating anode unbalance phase of the X-ray tube. The evaluation module is used to evaluate the dynamic balance state of the rotating anode of the X-ray tube according to the target identification parameters, and obtain the evaluation result of the dynamic balance state of the rotating anode of the X-ray tube.

10. A system for evaluating the dynamic balance of a rotating anode in an X-ray tube, characterized in that, include: The system comprises an excitation device, a sensing device, and an industrial control computer. Both the excitation device and the sensing device are communicatively connected to the industrial control computer. The industrial control computer includes the X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state evaluation device as described in claim 9. Both the excitation device and the sensing device are mounted on the X-ray tube housing. The excitation device can apply an excitation signal to the X-ray tube housing, and the sensing device can acquire the vibration acceleration response signal of the X-ray tube housing after the excitation signal is applied. The X-ray tube rotating anode dynamic balance state evaluation device can evaluate the dynamic balance state of the X-ray tube rotating anode based on the excitation signal and the vibration acceleration response signal.

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