A humidification water system, a humidification conditioning method and application in industrial flue gas desulfurization

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of flue gas pollution treatment, and particularly relates to a humidification water system, a humidification adjustment method and application thereof in industrial flue gas desulfurization. The application provides a humidification water system for semi-dry flue gas desulfurization, comprising a water tank, a flow meter and a water spraying assembly. The water spraying assembly comprises a control part, a first nozzle part and a second nozzle part. The application also provides a humidification adjustment method for semi-dry flue gas desulfurization. The application also provides application of the humidification water system or the humidification adjustment method in industrial flue gas desulfurization. In the technical scheme provided by the application, a calculation method of target humidification water quantity is determined, a preset humidification water quantity is accurately obtained, and the preset humidification water quantity is further distributed through step-by-step humidification and pressure adjustment of the humidification quantity. Through the main and auxiliary humidification mode, the gas-solid-liquid mixing effect in the flue gas desulfurization process is optimized, and the desulfurization efficiency is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of flue gas pollution control technology, and in particular relates to a humidification water system, a humidification adjustment method, and its application in industrial flue gas desulfurization. Background Technology

[0002] Industrial flue gas desulfurization (FGD) is a core environmental protection technology for controlling sulfur dioxide emissions and preventing acid rain pollution. Its principle is to convert SO2 in flue gas into stable solid or liquid products through physical, chemical, or biological methods, thereby achieving SO2 removal and resource utilization. Common industrial flue gas desulfurization methods are mainly divided into three types: wet desulfurization, dry desulfurization, and semi-dry desulfurization. Semi-dry desulfurization involves the presence of process water during the desulfurization process, but the desulfurized product is dry, thus distinguishing it from wet and dry desulfurization. Compared to the other two types, semi-dry desulfurization has a higher removal efficiency, far exceeding that of dry desulfurization and roughly equivalent to wet desulfurization. However, compared to wet desulfurization, it also has advantages such as lower water consumption, no secondary wastewater pollution or pipeline corrosion, and easier maintenance.

[0003] For semi-dry desulfurization, the desulfurization humidification water is the most important factor affecting the desulfurization effect. Therefore, the process water system is a key unit of the desulfurization system, and the accuracy of humidification water volume control directly affects the desulfurization efficiency and the economic viability of the ash removal agent. According to process requirements, the desulfurization humidification water mainly plays a role in cooling and humidifying, enabling the desulfurization reaction to reach the ideal reaction temperature and humidity. Precise control of the water volume is crucial for the entire desulfurization system; too little water will not achieve the desired desulfurization effect, while too much water will cause condensation in the flue gas, leading to ash caking and system shutdown, affecting the operational efficiency and continuous stability of the desulfurization system. In existing technologies, the system cannot quickly and accurately adjust the humidification process water volume according to the desulfurization process requirements, resulting in a lag in the addition of humidification water, which easily leads to an imbalance in the ratio of desulfurizing agent to water, causing unit caking and shutdown.

[0004] Therefore, developing a humidification water system, a humidification regulation method, and its application in industrial flue gas desulfurization to address the technical deficiency in existing semi-dry desulfurization processes that cannot accurately control the amount of desulfurization humidification water has become an urgent problem for those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to address the technical shortcomings of existing semi-dry desulfurization processes, which cannot accurately control the amount of desulfurization humidification water, by providing a humidification water system, humidification regulation method, and its application in industrial flue gas desulfurization.

[0006] This application provides a humidification water system for semi-dry flue gas desulfurization. The humidification water system includes a water tank, a flow meter, and a water spraying assembly. The water spraying assembly is connected to the water tank via a water pipe, and the flow meter is installed in the water pipe. The water spraying assembly includes a control unit, a first nozzle unit, and a second nozzle unit. The control unit is electrically connected to the flow meter, the first nozzle unit, and the second nozzle unit, respectively, and is used to control the water output of the first nozzle unit and the second nozzle unit. The first nozzle unit is located in a mixer outside the desulfurization device reactor, and the second nozzle unit is located at the center line of the venturi diffuser section of the desulfurization device reactor.

[0007] In one embodiment, if the flue gas temperature of the mixer is less than 150°C, the water spray volume of the first nozzle is greater than 95% of the total water spray volume of the water spray assembly; if the flue gas temperature of the mixer is greater than 150°C, the water spray volume of the first nozzle is less than 85% of the total water spray volume of the water spray assembly.

[0008] In one embodiment, the first nozzle section includes a plurality of main nozzles and a plurality of fine-tuning nozzles, wherein the flow rate of a single fine-tuning nozzle is 30% of the total flow rate of the main nozzles, and the water spray volume of the main nozzles and the fine-tuning nozzles is adjustable.

[0009] In one embodiment, the humidifying water system further includes a pressure control component electrically connected to the control unit and connected to the water passage for adjusting the water pressure inside the water passage.

[0010] In one embodiment, the nozzle spray direction of the second nozzle portion forms an angle of 15°-30° with the flue gas.

[0011] This application also provides a humidification adjustment method for semi-dry flue gas desulfurization, the humidification adjustment method comprising: The target humidification water volume is calculated using the following formula: Q target =K1*G*(T in -(T dew +ΔT safe ))+K2*S in *η corr +K3*G / C active +K4*(30-RH in ); where Q target Let G be the target humidification water volume, G be the flue gas flow rate, and T be the humidification water volume. in T is the flue gas inlet temperature. dew Let ΔT be the flue gas dew point temperature. safe For a near-adiabatic saturation temperature difference, S in η represents the inlet SO2 concentration. corrη is the desulfurization efficiency correction factor. corr =η target / (100-η target ), η target For the target desulfurization efficiency, C active The concentrations of the active desulfurizing agent are K1, K2, and K. 3、 K4 represents the model coefficients determined by the design operating conditions, where K1 = 0.0004 - 0.0006, K2 = 0.0004 - 0.0006, K3 = 0.0007 - 0.0009, and K4 = 0.05 (RH). in <40%) or 0, RH in For imported humidity; Humidifying water is allocated by dividing the target humidifying water volume into a first flow rate humidifying water volume and a second flow rate humidifying water volume. The water in the first flow rate humidifying water volume is mixed with the flue gas before the flue gas desulfurization reaction, and the water in the second flow rate humidifying water volume is mixed with the flue gas during the flue gas desulfurization reaction.

[0012] In one embodiment, the humidification adjustment method further includes: distributing water volume according to temperature; detecting the temperature of the flue gas desulfurization reaction; if the temperature is less than 150°C, the first flow rate of humidified water volume is greater than 95% of the target humidification water volume; if the temperature is greater than 150°C, the first flow rate of humidified water volume is less than 85% of the target humidification water volume.

[0013] In one embodiment, the first flow rate humidification water volume includes: a main regulating water volume and a micro regulating water volume, wherein the micro regulating water volume is less than 30% of the first flow rate humidification water volume.

[0014] In one embodiment, the humidification adjustment method further includes: pressurizing, which increases the pressure of the flue gas desulfurization reaction to adjust the flow rate of the humidification water.

[0015] This application also provides an application of the humidification water system or the humidification regulation method described in any one of the above in industrial flue gas desulfurization.

[0016] In summary, this application provides a humidification water system for semi-dry flue gas desulfurization. The humidification water system includes a water tank, a flow meter, and a water spray assembly. The water spray assembly includes a control unit, a first nozzle unit, and a second nozzle unit. The first nozzle unit is located in a mixer outside the desulfurization reactor, and the second nozzle unit is located at the center line of the venturi diffusion section of the desulfurization reactor. This application also provides a humidification adjustment method for semi-dry flue gas desulfurization and an application of the above-mentioned humidification water system or humidification adjustment method in industrial flue gas desulfurization. The technical solution provided in this application determines a method for calculating the target humidification water volume, accurately derives the preset humidification water volume, and further distributes the preset humidification water volume through stepwise humidification and pressurized adjustment of the humidification volume. By using a primary and secondary humidification method, the gas-solid-liquid mixing effect in the flue gas desulfurization process is optimized, ensuring desulfurization efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the first nozzle mounting structure of a humidifying water system provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the mounting structure of the second nozzle of a humidifying water system provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 A schematic flowchart of a humidification adjustment method for a humidification water system is provided in the technical solution of this application embodiment; The components include the main nozzle 1, the fine-tuning nozzle 2, the mixer 3, the second nozzle section 4, and the reactor venturi 5. Detailed Implementation

[0019] This application provides a humidification water system, a humidification adjustment method, and its application in industrial flue gas desulfurization, which addresses the technical deficiency in the prior art where the semi-dry desulfurization process cannot accurately control the amount of desulfurization humidification water.

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0021] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0022] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0023] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2This application provides a humidification water system for semi-dry flue gas desulfurization, including: a water tank, a flow meter, and a water spraying assembly. The water spraying assembly is connected to the water tank through a water pipe, and the flow meter is installed in the water pipe. The water spraying assembly includes: a control unit, a first nozzle unit, and a second nozzle unit 4. The control unit is electrically connected to the flow meter, the first nozzle unit, and the second nozzle unit 4, respectively, and is used to control the water output of the first nozzle unit and the second nozzle unit 4. The first nozzle unit is installed in the mixer 3 outside the desulfurization device reactor, and the second nozzle unit 4 is installed at the center line of the gradually expanding section of the Venturi 5 of the desulfurization device reactor.

[0025] In the technical solution provided in this application embodiment, the water tank provides water to the water spraying assembly through the water pipe. The flow meter is installed in the water pipe to measure the water spraying volume of the water spraying assembly in real time. The control unit of the water spraying assembly is electrically connected to the flow meter and can adjust the real-time water output of the water spraying assembly according to the actual measured water flow of the flow meter.

[0026] When water is discharged from the spray assembly, the first nozzle section and the second nozzle section 4 work together. The first nozzle section mixes with the flue gas in the mixer 3 outside the desulfurization reactor, while the second nozzle section 4 mixes with the flue gas at the center line of the gradually expanding section of the Venturi 5 in the desulfurization reactor. In the technical solution provided by this application embodiment, the water output of the first nozzle section and the second nozzle section 4 can be adjusted separately or simultaneously according to different actual humidification requirements, meeting a wider range of water usage needs, while also achieving higher precision in water output adjustment. In the technical solution provided by this application embodiment, the first nozzle section is located outside the reactor for mixing, achieving high-quality solid-liquid premixing and avoiding the risk of scaling inside the reactor. In the external biaxial mixer, mechanical stirring provides strong shear force, ensuring uniform wetting of water and circulating ash at the microscale, allowing the surface of the desulfurizing agent (such as Ca(OH)2) particles to be fully pre-activated, forming a highly reactive "wet desulfurizing agent." If water is sprayed directly into the reactor, the high-speed flue gas will cause uneven water mist distribution. Some water droplets will impact the reactor wall before contacting the ash particles, leading to localized caking. At the same time, some ash will remain dry, resulting in a decrease in overall desulfurization efficiency. External premixing ensures that the state of the materials entering the reactor is uniform and controllable from the source.

[0027] The second nozzle section 4 is located at the centerline of the diffuser section inside the venturi. This location is aerodynamically optimized to achieve the most efficient evaporative cooling and turbulent mixing. It maximizes heat and mass transfer efficiency, as the centerline of the diffuser section is situated in the core flow region of the flue gas, characterized by high velocity and intense turbulence. Water mist injected from this point undergoes intense turbulent exchange with the high-temperature flue gas, achieving millisecond-level evaporation and rapidly reducing the flue gas temperature (reaching a cooling rate of 50-100℃ / s), precisely pulling it back to the optimal desulfurization reaction temperature window (typically dew point temperature +10~20℃). It also prevents wall wetting; the central injection ensures that the droplets completely evaporate before reaching the pipe wall, eliminating scaling on the inner wall of the diffuser section. Simultaneously, it further enhances gas-solid contact, with instantaneous evaporation generating a large amount of micron-sized water vapor that rapidly envelops and wets the rising ash particles in the reactor, forming a "dry-wet" complementary relationship with the external premix, further activating the reaction sites on the ash particle surface. The technical solution provided in this application uses a combination of internal and external humidification methods, which can produce a synergistic effect of "steady-state pretreatment" and "dynamic rapid cooling compensation".

[0028] In the specific reaction process, the overall desulfurization reaction rate is limited by two cascaded steps: (1) the dissolution and ionization of SO2 by water molecules (requiring a liquid film); and (2) the dissolution and ion reaction of Ca(OH)2. Among them, external humidification focuses on optimizing step (1), ensuring that each ash particle carries a reaction liquid film through premixing; internal humidification focuses on optimizing the reaction environment, ensuring that the reaction rate constant of step (2) is maximized by precisely controlling the temperature of the reaction zone through rapid evaporation.

[0029] Furthermore, experimental testing was conducted to verify the results. Comparative experiments on a 75t / h boiler pilot plant showed that, compared to using only external humidification, when the flue gas temperature instantaneously increased from 130℃ to 170℃, the desulfurization efficiency of the synergistic mode remained at 95%±1%, while the efficiency of the single external humidification mode dropped to 88%. To achieve the same desulfurization efficiency (95%), the total water consumption of the synergistic mode was reduced by approximately 8%, as the precise rapid cooling of the internal humidification avoided excessive ash wetting caused by excessive external water spraying.

[0030] To further optimize the technical solution and effectively improve the gas-solid-liquid mixing effect, in the humidification water system provided in this application embodiment, when the flue gas temperature of mixer 3 is less than 150°C, the water spray volume of the first nozzle is greater than 95% of the total water spray volume of the water spray assembly; if the flue gas temperature of mixer 3 is greater than 150°C, the water spray volume of the first nozzle is less than 85% of the total water spray volume of the water spray assembly. For typical coal types, when the flue gas temperature is below 150°C, the cooling capacity of external humidification (water and ash mixing and evaporation) alone is sufficient to maintain the temperature inside the reactor at the optimal window (approximately 90°C); however, when the temperature exceeds 150°C, the cooling rate of external humidification is insufficient, and internal humidification needs to be activated. In the technical solution provided in this application embodiment, 150℃ is the calculated equilibrium point. If the external humidification water volume continues to increase at this point, it will lead to excessive ash material (moisture content > 2%), affecting fluidization and increasing the dust removal burden. Furthermore, by first using a 95% / 85% ratio, when the ratio is 95% in the low-temperature section (<150℃), it can be ensured that most of the water is used for ash material pre-activation, and a small amount of internal water replenishment (<5%) is used to compensate for the water evaporation loss from the mixer outlet to the reactor inlet, playing a "water retention" role. When the ratio is ≤85% in the high-temperature section (>150℃), the internal humidification ratio is increased to ≥15%. Utilizing its extremely high evaporation rate at the Venturi (calculations show that 15% water volume injected into the centerline of the gradually expanding section can remove about 70% of the total sensible heat required for cooling), the optimal balance between cooling and scale prevention can be achieved, avoiding the occurrence of local wet areas due to excessive internal water spraying (e.g., >20%).

[0031] To further optimize the technical solution and better improve the accuracy of flue gas humidification regulation of the humidification water system provided in this application embodiment, the first nozzle section includes several main nozzles 1 and several fine-tuning nozzles 2. The flow rate of a single fine-tuning nozzle 2 is 30% of the total flow rate of the main nozzles 1, and the spray volume of the main nozzles 1 and fine-tuning nozzles 2 is adjustable. The main nozzles 1 undertake the main humidification spraying task, while the fine-tuning nozzles 2 perform small-amplitude, small-range flow supplementation or adjustment. In the technical solution provided in this application embodiment, the main nozzles 1 and fine-tuning nozzles 2 work together to improve the flexibility and accuracy of flow regulation, better adapting to the humidification needs of various complex working conditions. In practical applications, when the required flow rate is between the minimum flow rate of the nozzle and the next level of the main nozzle 1 flow rate, there is no need to activate additional main nozzles 1; the demand can be met simply by supplementing with fine-tuning nozzles 2. This reduces energy waste caused by frequent start-stop or full-load operation of the main nozzles 1, effectively optimizing energy and resource utilization and reducing energy consumption. Meanwhile, the main nozzle 1 and the fine-tuning nozzle 2 work together to humidify, which can further enhance the system's adaptability to dynamic operating conditions and improve its stability.

[0032] To further optimize the technical solution, the humidification water system provided in this application embodiment also includes: a pressure control component, which is electrically connected to the control unit and connected to the water pipe for regulating the water pressure inside the water pipe. The control unit adjusts the pressure control component according to the real-time humidification demand, thereby regulating the water flow rate by adjusting the water pressure inside the water pipe. This, in conjunction with the first nozzle and the second nozzle 4, achieves flue gas humidification of the humidification water system.

[0033] To achieve a good humidification effect on the flue gas by the second nozzle section 4, in the technical solution provided in this application embodiment, the angle between the nozzle injection direction of the second nozzle section 4 and the flue gas is 15°-30° (i.e., Figure 2 (Ambidextrous angle α). In the technical solution provided in this application embodiment, by adjusting the angle between the nozzle spray direction of the second nozzle section 4 and the flue gas, a good mixing effect can be ensured, while also avoiding the water sprayed from the second nozzle section 4 from condensing after contacting the wall of the desulfurization device reactor due to an excessively large angle, thus affecting the flue gas humidification effect.

[0034] Please see Figure 3 This application also provides a humidification adjustment method for semi-dry flue gas desulfurization, including: calculating the target humidification water volume, wherein the calculation formula for the target water volume is: Q target =K1*G*(T in -(T dew +ΔT safe ))+K2*S in *η corr +K3*G / C active +K4*(30-RH in ); where Q target Let G be the target humidification water volume, G be the flue gas flow rate, and T be the humidification water volume. in T is the flue gas inlet temperature. dew Let ΔT be the flue gas dew point temperature. safe For a near-adiabatic saturation temperature difference, S in η represents the inlet SO2 concentration. corr η is the desulfurization efficiency correction factor. corr =η target / (100-η target ), η target For the target desulfurization efficiency, C active The concentrations of the active desulfurizing agent are K1, K2, and K. 3、 K4 represents the model coefficients determined by the design operating conditions, where K1 = 0.0004 - 0.0006, K2 = 0.0004 - 0.0006, K3 = 0.0007 - 0.0009, and K4 = 0.05 (RH). in <40%) or 0, RH inThe humidification water is allocated to the inlet humidity. The target humidification water volume is divided into a first flow rate humidification water volume and a second flow rate humidification water volume. The water of the first flow rate humidification water volume is mixed with the flue gas before the flue gas desulfurization reaction, and the water of the second flow rate humidification water volume is mixed with the flue gas during the flue gas desulfurization reaction.

[0035] The humidification adjustment method provided in this application provides a calculation formula for the target humidification water volume. The accurate target humidification water volume is obtained through parameters such as flue gas flow rate and flue gas inlet temperature. Compared with existing technologies that rely on a single ratio calculation or empirical values ​​to determine the target humidification water volume, the calculation result obtained in this application is more accurate, avoiding the problem of humidification water volume lag during humidification. Furthermore, the calculated target humidification water volume is further allocated into a first flow rate humidification water volume and a second flow rate humidification water volume, respectively, to perform stepwise humidification of the flue gas before and during the desulfurization reaction. This effectively avoids equipment caking and shutdown caused by mismatch between the desulfurizing agent and the humidification water volume.

[0036] To further optimize the technical solution and avoid the deterioration of flue gas desulfurization effect caused by temperature changes during humidification, the humidification adjustment method provided in this application embodiment also includes: distributing water volume according to temperature; detecting the temperature of the flue gas desulfurization reaction; if the temperature is less than 150°C, the first flow rate of humidified water is greater than 95% of the target humidification water volume; if the temperature is greater than 150°C, the first flow rate of humidified water is less than 85% of the target humidification water volume.

[0037] To avoid damage to pipeline equipment caused by severe water pressure fluctuations in the pipeline due to large-scale water volume adjustments, the technical solution provided in this application embodiment includes: a first flow rate humidification water volume and a micro-adjustment water volume, wherein the micro-adjustment water volume is less than 30% of the first flow rate humidification water volume.

[0038] To provide a more precise humidification adjustment method, the humidification adjustment method provided in this application embodiment further includes: pressurization, which increases the pressure of the flue gas desulfurization reaction to adjust the flow rate of the humidification water.

[0039] exist Figure 2 In the middle section, the second nozzle section 4 typically employs two or more nozzles symmetrically arranged along the centerline of the Venturi diffuser. This centerline arrangement aims to directly inject water mist into the high-speed core airflow region of the diffuser, utilizing the strongest turbulence intensity in this area to achieve instantaneous evaporation and uniform diffusion of the water mist, thereby achieving the core technical effects of rapid cooling, precise conditioning, and preventing wet walls. Among these, Q... A It represents Figure 2In this context, the example value or rated operating condition value set for the purpose of illustrating the principle, such as "rated flow rate of a single nozzle", QA is not a fixed and immutable value, but a design parameter that can be adjusted and determined according to the specific system design (such as boiler size and desulfurization efficiency target). It is mainly to clearly demonstrate the technical feature of "the distribution ratio of internal and external humidification water volume" and does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] From the above technical solutions, it can be concluded that the humidification water system and humidification adjustment method for semi-dry flue gas desulfurization provided in this application have the following advantages: First, in the technical solution provided in this application embodiment, the flue gas is humidified twice, both outside and inside the flue gas desulfurization device, which further optimizes the humidification effect of the flue gas and prevents caking. Second, the technical solution provided in this application discloses a calculation formula for the target water volume of humidification, thereby achieving the accuracy of flue gas humidification; Third, in the technical solution provided in this application embodiment, the amount of humidifying water is further adjusted by pressurizing the pipeline, thereby achieving the precision of flue gas humidification adjustment; Fourth, in the technical solution provided in this application embodiment, two types of nozzles are distributed outside the desulfurization device for the flue gas, which respectively realize large-scale adjustment and micro-scale adjustment of water volume.

[0041] The humidification water system or humidification regulation method provided in this application realizes both large-scale and small-scale regulation of flue gas humidification through internal and external humidification combined with pressure regulation, and has a wide range of water volume regulation, which can be widely used in the field of industrial flue gas desulfurization.

[0042] In summary, this application provides a humidification water system for semi-dry flue gas desulfurization. The humidification water system includes a water tank, a flow meter, and a water spray assembly. The water spray assembly includes a control unit, a first nozzle unit, and a second nozzle unit. The first nozzle unit is located in a mixer outside the desulfurization reactor, and the second nozzle unit is located at the center line of the venturi diffusion section of the desulfurization reactor. This application also provides a humidification adjustment method for semi-dry flue gas desulfurization and an application of the above-mentioned humidification water system or humidification adjustment method in industrial flue gas desulfurization. The technical solution provided in this application determines a method for calculating the target humidification water volume, accurately derives the preset humidification water volume, and further distributes the preset humidification water volume through stepwise humidification and pressurized adjustment of the humidification volume. By using a primary and secondary humidification method, the gas-solid-liquid mixing effect in the flue gas desulfurization process is optimized, ensuring desulfurization efficiency.

[0043] The technical features of the embodiments described above can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as the combination of these technical features does not contradict each other, it should be considered within the scope of this specification. Furthermore, other implementation methods can be derived from the above embodiments, allowing for structural and logical substitutions and changes without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0044] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A humidification water system for semi-dry flue gas desulfurization, characterized in that, The humidification water system includes a water tank, a flow meter, and a water spray assembly. The water spray assembly is connected to the water tank via a water pipe, and the flow meter is installed in the water pipe. The water spray assembly includes a control unit, a first nozzle unit, and a second nozzle unit. The control unit is electrically connected to the flow meter, the first nozzle unit, and the second nozzle unit, respectively, and is used to control the water output of the first nozzle unit and the second nozzle unit. The first nozzle unit is located in the mixer outside the desulfurization unit reactor, and the second nozzle unit is located at the center line of the gradually expanding section in the venturi of the desulfurization unit reactor.

2. The humidifying water system according to claim 1, characterized in that, If the flue gas temperature of the mixer is less than 150°C, the water spray volume of the first nozzle is greater than 95% of the total water spray volume of the water spray assembly; if the flue gas temperature of the mixer is greater than 150°C, the water spray volume of the first nozzle is less than 85% of the total water spray volume of the water spray assembly.

3. The humidifying water system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first nozzle section includes a plurality of main nozzles and a plurality of fine-tuning nozzles. The flow rate of a single fine-tuning nozzle is 30% of the total flow rate of the main nozzles. The water spray volume of the main nozzles and the fine-tuning nozzles is adjustable.

4. The humidifying water system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The humidification water system further includes a pressure control component, which is electrically connected to the control unit and connected to the water pipe for adjusting the water pressure inside the water pipe.

5. The humidifying water system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The angle between the nozzle spray direction of the second nozzle and the flue gas is 15°-30°.

6. A humidification and regulation method for semi-dry flue gas desulfurization, characterized in that, The humidification adjustment method includes: The target humidification water volume is calculated using the following formula: Q target =K1*G*(T in -(T dew +ΔT safe ))+K2*S in *η corr +K3*G / C active +K4*(30-RH in ); where Q target Let G be the target humidification water volume, G be the flue gas flow rate, and T be the humidification water volume. in T is the flue gas inlet temperature. dew Let ΔT be the flue gas dew point temperature. safe For a near-adiabatic saturation temperature difference, S in η represents the inlet SO2 concentration. corr η is the desulfurization efficiency correction factor. corr =η target / (100-η target ), η target For the target desulfurization efficiency, C active The concentrations of the active desulfurizing agent are K1, K2, and K. 3、 K4 represents the model coefficients determined by the design operating conditions, where K1 = 0.0004 - 0.0006, K2 = 0.0004 - 0.0006, K3 = 0.0007 - 0.0009, and K4 = 0.05 (RH). in <40%) or 0, RH in For imported humidity; Humidifying water is allocated by dividing the target humidifying water volume into a first flow rate humidifying water volume and a second flow rate humidifying water volume. The water in the first flow rate humidifying water volume is mixed with the flue gas before the flue gas desulfurization reaction, and the water in the second flow rate humidifying water volume is mixed with the flue gas during the flue gas desulfurization reaction.

7. The humidification adjustment method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The humidification adjustment method further includes: distributing water volume according to temperature; detecting the temperature of the flue gas desulfurization reaction; if the temperature is less than 150°C, the first flow rate of humidifying water is greater than 95% of the target humidification water volume; if the temperature is greater than 150°C, the first flow rate of humidifying water is less than 85% of the target humidification water volume.

8. The humidification adjustment method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The first flow rate humidification water volume includes: main regulating water volume and micro regulating water volume, wherein the micro regulating water volume is less than 30% of the first flow rate humidification water volume.

9. The humidification regulation method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The humidification adjustment method further includes: pressurizing, which increases the pressure of the flue gas desulfurization reaction to adjust the flow rate of the humidification water.

10. An application of a humidification water system according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or a humidification regulation method according to any one of claims 6 to 9 in industrial flue gas desulfurization.

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