Transparent anti-fog composite coating and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of transparent anti-fog composite coating and its preparation method and application, belong to coating material technical field.The application is prepared with deionized water as solvent, respectively, and the mixture of two is obtained SiO2 / PAA anti-fog transparent composite coating with silica nanoparticle dispersion liquid and polyacrylic acid solution;Subsequently, substrate is cleaned, dried and is treated by plasma surface activation, and coating is added to the surface of pretreated substrate after using blade coating film, finally, transparent anti-fog composite coating is obtained in hot curing in air drying oven.The transparent anti-fog composite coating prepared by the application has good anti-fog performance, the average transmittance of visible light (380~750 nm) reaches 92%, has good durability and self-repairing function.The coating and its coated product can be applied in medical devices, optical devices, building and automotive glass and other fields.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coating materials technology, and in particular relates to a transparent anti-fog composite coating, its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrophilic transparent materials, with their excellent anti-fogging properties and high light transmittance, have shown broad application prospects in various fields such as medical, food packaging, precision instruments, and agriculture. In the automotive industry, car windows treated with hydrophilic surfaces can effectively inhibit fog condensation, ensuring clear visibility during driving and significantly improving driving safety. In the field of precision instruments, applying hydrophilic transparent materials to the surfaces of analytical equipment such as gas chromatographs and microscopes can create a stable anti-fogging interface, reducing the interference of fog droplets on detection accuracy and ensuring the reliability of experimental data. In the medical field, hydrophilic modification of the surfaces of surgical instruments such as laparoscopes and endoscopes can effectively prevent fogging on the instrument surfaces during surgery, reducing the surgical risks caused by blurred vision. The anti-fogging mechanism of hydrophilic surfaces stems from the strong interaction between the substrate and water droplets. Water droplets bind to the substrate through hydrogen bonds and other forces, spreading on the solid surface to form a continuous and uniform water film. This prevents fog droplet aggregation from scattering light, maintains the high transparency of the substrate, and thus achieves a highly efficient anti-fogging effect. This type of spontaneous anti-fogging, which relies on the wetting properties of the material itself, has become a research hotspot in the field of anti-fogging materials due to its advantages of simple operation and low cost.

[0003] Hydrophilic antifog coatings can be classified into three categories based on their raw materials: organic antifog coatings, inorganic antifog coatings, and organic-inorganic hybrid antifog coatings. However, existing methods for preparing hydrophilic antifog coatings still suffer from high production costs and complex processes. Furthermore, they face several challenges in practical applications, such as poor mechanical properties and the risk of scratches in complex external environments, which can lead to a loss of antifog effectiveness.

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, a transparent anti-fog coating with simple process, good anti-fog ability and transparency, strong durability and self-healing ability is provided. This is of great significance for realizing the large-scale production of hydrophilic anti-fog materials, realizing anti-fog of optical devices and reducing maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a transparent anti-fog composite coating, its preparation method, and its application. This composite coating not only possesses excellent anti-fog performance and transparency but also exhibits strong durability and self-healing capabilities. The entire preparation process is environmentally friendly and pollution-free, with a simple procedure, making it highly suitable for large-scale production.

[0006] The first objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a transparent anti-fog composite coating, comprising the following steps: Silica nanoparticles are dissolved in deionized water to form a silica dispersion. Poly(acrylic acid), abbreviated as PAA, is dissolved in deionized water to form a polyacrylic acid solution; The silica dispersion and polyacrylic acid solution are mixed to form a silica / PAA composite coating. The substrate is sequentially cleaned, dried, and subjected to plasma surface activation treatment. Then, the composite coating is applied to the surface-activated substrate and subjected to thermosetting treatment to obtain the transparent anti-fog composite coating. The ratio of silica nanoparticles, polyacrylic acid and deionized water is (0.2~1.2)g:(0.2~1.2)g:200mL, preferably 0.2g:0.8g:200mL.

[0007] Furthermore, the particle size of the silica nanoparticles is 7~40 nm.

[0008] Furthermore, the substrate includes, but is not limited to, glass, photovoltaic materials, and building exterior walls.

[0009] Furthermore, the silica nanoparticles and PAA can be dissolved more quickly by stirring after being added to deionized water and the two solutions are mixed, with a stirring time of approximately 12 hours.

[0010] Furthermore, the substrate cleaning process involves first ultrasonically cleaning the glass slide for 5 minutes, then rinsing it three times with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water respectively, and finally drying it in an oven for later use.

[0011] Furthermore, the plasma etching power of the plasma surface activation treatment is 40~100W, and the time is 5~20 min.

[0012] Furthermore, the coating speed is 45~55 cm / min, and the coating temperature is 20~25℃.

[0013] Furthermore, the temperature for heat curing is 60~80℃, and the heat curing time is 30 minutes or more.

[0014] A second objective of this invention is to provide a transparent anti-fog composite coating prepared by the method described above. A third objective of this invention is to provide applications of the above-mentioned transparent anti-fog composite coating, the fields of which include, but are not limited to, medical devices, optical devices, construction, and automotive glass manufacturing.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention discloses a silica / PAA composite coating by dispersing polyacrylic acid (PAA) and silica nanoparticles separately in deionized water and then mixing them. This coating is then applied to a substrate that has undergone plasma etching and activation treatment, and thermosetting successfully produces a composite coating with high transparency, excellent anti-fogging properties, and self-healing function. The method achieves this by strictly controlling the ratio of polyacrylic acid, silica nanoparticles, and deionized water to (0.2~1.2) g:(0.2~1.2) g:200 g. The range of mL allows silica nanoparticles to provide appropriate roughness and hydrophilic sites, while polyacrylic acid imparts good water absorption and molecular chain flexibility to the coating. The synergistic effect of the two not only ensures that the visible light transmittance of the coating is higher than 90% in the wavelength range of 380~750nm, significantly reducing haze caused by light scattering, but also effectively solves the problems of poor mechanical properties and easy scratches leading to anti-fog failure of existing hydrophilic anti-fog coatings. Moreover, due to the reversible hydrogen bonding or chain rearrangement mechanism between PAA molecular chains, the coating can achieve self-repair after minor scratches, significantly improving the durability and reliability of the coating in complex external environments. Furthermore, the preparation process is simple and low-cost, making it suitable for large-scale applications. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the transparent anti-fog composite coating in this invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the preparation method of the transparent anti-fog composite coating in this invention.

[0018] Figure 3 The figures show the contact angle test results of the coatings prepared in Examples 1-6.

[0019] Figure 4 The graph shows the transmittance test results for the glass substrate and the coatings prepared in Examples 1-6; where, Figure 4 Figure A shows the test results of Example 1. Figure 4 Figure B shows the test results of Example 2. Figure 4 Figure C shows the test results of Example 3. Figure 4 Figure D in the diagram represents the test results of Example 4. Figure 4 Figure E in the diagram represents the test results of Example 5. Figure 4 Figure F in the figure represents the test results of Example 6.

[0020] Figure 5 Scanning electron microscopy of the coating prepared in Example 4 (silica nanoparticle concentration of 2 g / L). Figure and EDS element surface distribution diagram; Figure 5 A and B in the diagram are top views of a scanning electron microscope. Figure 5 C is a side view of a scanning electron microscope. Figure 5D, E, and F in the diagram represent the surface distribution of carbon, oxygen, and silicon, respectively.

[0021] Figure 6 Graphs showing the anti-fogging performance of glass substrates and coatings prepared in Examples 1-6 under hot steam conditions (scale bar: 1 cm).

[0022] Figure 7 Graphs showing the anti-fogging performance of glass substrates and coatings prepared in Examples 1-6 under low-temperature conditions (scale bar: 2 cm).

[0023] Figure 8 Durability test of the coating prepared for Example 4 (silica nanoparticle concentration of 2 g / L) (scale bar: 1 cm). Figure 8 Figure A shows the tape peel test diagram. Figure 8 Figure B shows the sandpaper abrasion test results. Figure 8 C in the diagram represents the water resistance test. Figure 8 D in the figure represents the long-term stability test results.

[0024] Figure 9 Self-healing performance test of the coating prepared in Example 4 (silica nanoparticle concentration of 2 g / L); Figure 9 Figures A, B, and C in the image show the repair process of scratches under a metallographic microscope in an 80℃ hot steam environment (scale bar: 200 μm). Figure 9 D in the diagram is a schematic diagram of the coating's self-healing mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0026] Unless otherwise specified, all reagents used in this invention are commercially available, and all methods used are conventional techniques in the art.

[0027] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0028] The silica nanoparticles used in the following examples are of the following specific type: 99.9% purity, purchased from Beijing Boyu High-Tech New Material Technology Co., Ltd.; PAA is of the following specific type: industrial grade, purchased from Zhengzhou Huiji District Julide Chemical Products Store.

[0029] Example 1 A method for preparing a transparent anti-fog composite coating, the main process of which is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the specific steps include the following: (1) Weigh 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2 g of SiO2 nanoparticles respectively and dissolve them in 100 mL of deionized water. Stir to form 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 g / L silica nanoparticle dispersions; dissolve 0.2 g of PAA in 100 mL of deionized water and stir to form a 2 g / L PAA solution; mix 10 mL of PAA solution and 10 mL of silica nanoparticle dispersion and stir to obtain SiO2 / PAA anti-fog transparent composite coating. (2) The substrate was ultrasonically cleaned for 5 min, then rinsed three times with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water respectively, dried in an oven, and then surface activated by a plasma cleaner. The plasma etching power of the surface activation treatment was 40 W, and the plasma etching time of the surface activation treatment was 5 min. (3) Drop 1 mL of the SiO2 / PAA anti-fog transparent composite coating obtained in step (1) onto the substrate pretreated in step (2), and apply it by scraping with a coating machine at a speed of 50 cm / min and a temperature of room temperature (20℃); then heat-cur it in an 80℃ forced-air drying oven for 2 h to obtain the transparent anti-fog composite coating, the structural schematic diagram of which is shown below. Figure 1 As shown.

[0030] Example 2 A method for preparing a transparent anti-fog composite coating differs from Example 1 in that: in step (1), the amount of PAA used is 0.4 g.

[0031] Example 3 A method for preparing a transparent anti-fog composite coating differs from Example 1 in that: in step (1), the amount of PAA used is 0.6 g.

[0032] Example 4 A method for preparing a transparent anti-fog composite coating differs from Example 1 in that: in step (1), the amount of PAA used is 0.8 g.

[0033] Example 5 A method for preparing a transparent anti-fog composite coating differs from Example 1 in that: in step (1), the amount of PAA used is 1.0 g.

[0034] Example 6 A method for preparing a transparent anti-fog composite coating differs from Example 1 in that: in step (1), the amount of PAA used is 1.2 g.

[0035] The transparent anti-fog composite coatings prepared in Examples 1-6 with different concentrations of silica dispersion and different concentrations of PAA solution are numbered as shown in Table 1.

[0036] Table 1. Number of coating samples prepared under different concentrations of PAA and different concentrations of nano-SiO2 dispersion in Examples 1-6 Performance verification 1. Contact Angle Test The contact angle test results of the transparent anti-fog composite coatings in Examples 1-6 are shown below. Figure 3 ,Depend on Figure 3It can be seen that the water contact angle decreases continuously with increasing silica nanoparticle concentration, while the water contact angle increases continuously with increasing PAA concentration. In Example 1, when the concentration of the silica nanoparticle dispersion used was 2 g / L, the water contact angle of the coating was 37.6°; when the concentration of the silica nanoparticle solution used increased to 12 g / L, the water contact angle decreased to 12.8°. In Example 2, when the concentration of the silica nanoparticle dispersion used was 2 g / L, the water contact angle of the coating was 50.5°; when the concentration of the silica nanoparticle dispersion used increased to 12 g / L, the water contact angle decreased to 16.2°. In Example 3, when the concentration of the silica nanoparticle solution used was 2 g / L, the water contact angle of the coating was 69.3°; when the concentration of the silica nanoparticle dispersion used increased to 12 g / L, the water contact angle decreased to 20.2°. In Example 4, when the concentration of the silica nanoparticle solution used was 2 g / L, the water contact angle of the coating was 85.4°; when the concentration of the silica nanoparticle dispersion used increased to 12 g / L, the water contact angle decreased to 27.0°. In Example 5, when the concentration of the silica nanoparticle dispersion used was 2 g / L, the water contact angle of the coating was 90.0°; when the concentration of the silica nanoparticle dispersion used was increased to 12 g / L, the water contact angle decreased to 30.9°. In Example 6, when the concentration of the silica nanoparticle dispersion used was 2 g / L, the water contact angle of the coating was 97.6°; when the concentration of the silica nanoparticle dispersion used was increased to 12 g / L, the water contact angle decreased to 35.9°. The results show that when the PAA concentration is constant, the contact angle gradually decreases with the increase of the SiO2 nanoparticle dispersion concentration, which may be related to the fact that the surface of SiO2 nanoparticles is rich in hydroxyl groups, providing more polar adsorption sites. As the SiO2 content increases, water molecules are more easily adsorbed and spread on the coating surface, thus reducing the contact angle. Furthermore, at a constant SiO2 dispersion concentration, increasing PAA concentration leads to a gradual increase in the contact angle. This phenomenon may be related to the increased viscosity and enhanced molecular chain entanglement resulting from higher PAA concentrations. Additionally, higher PAA content may form a more continuous polymer phase, thereby affecting the surface exposure of SiO2 hydrophilic sites to some extent.

[0037] 2. Light transmittance test A holographic ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectrophotometer was used to measure the transmittance of the glass and glass substrates with transparent anti-fog composite coatings in Examples 1-6. The experimental detection wavelength range was 300 nm to 800 nm. The test results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the light transmittance of the coating gradually decreases with increasing silica nanoparticle concentration. Figure 4As shown in Figure (A), in Example 1, the light transmittance of the coating decreased from 91.2% to 89.9% as the concentration of the silica nanoparticle dispersion increased. Figure 4 As shown in Figure (B), in Example 2, the light transmittance of the coating decreased from 91.7% to 85.2% as the concentration of the silica nanoparticle dispersion increased. Figure 4 As shown in Figure (C), in Example 3, the light transmittance of the coating decreased from 91.9% to 86.1% as the concentration of the silica nanoparticle dispersion increased. Figure 4 As shown in Figure (D), in Example 4, the light transmittance of the coating decreased from 92.0% to 86.3% as the concentration of silica nanoparticles increased. Figure 4 As shown in Figure (E), in Example 5, the transmittance of the coating decreased from 91.0% to 88.3% with increasing silica nanoparticle concentration. Similarly, in Example 6, the transmittance decreased from 91.5% to 82.5% with increasing SiO2 nanoparticle dispersion concentration. These results indicate that at a constant PAA concentration, the visible light transmittance of the coating generally decreases with increasing SiO2 nanoparticle dispersion concentration. This phenomenon may be related to increased film thickness and enhanced light scattering. At lower SiO2 contents, the nanoparticles are relatively uniformly dispersed and have a particle size much smaller than the visible light wavelength, resulting in weaker scattering of visible light and maintaining high transparency. As the SiO2 nanoparticle dispersion concentration further increases, the number of inorganic / organic interfaces in the coating increases, local refractive index inhomogeneity increases, and film thickness and surface roughness increase, leading to increased scattering loss during light propagation and a gradual decrease in transmittance. When the SiO2 content is too high, the possibility of particle agglomeration increases, forming larger scattering centers and further weakening the visible light transmittance of the coating. Therefore, although the introduction of SiO2 helps improve the hydrophilicity and anti-fogging performance of the coating, its excessive content will reduce transparency, indicating that the inorganic particle content in transparent anti-fogging composite coatings needs to be optimized in balance between optical performance and surface function.

[0038] 3. Characterization of material surface properties The transparent anti-fog composite coating prepared in Example 4 (using a silica nanoparticle solution concentration of 2 g / L) was subjected to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) testing. The test results are shown in [Figure 1]. Figure 5 .like Figure 5 As shown in Figures A and B, the coating surface is highly uniform, and the distribution of nanoparticles is visible under magnification. Figure 5 As shown in Figure C, the coating exhibits a PAA layer as an adhesion layer, carrying a uniform structure of silica nanoparticles that adheres tightly to the substrate surface. The coating thickness is approximately 800 nm. Figure 5 As shown in Figures D, E, and F, the C, O, and Si elements in the coating are uniformly distributed, indicating that the organic phase PAA and the inorganic phase nano-SiO2 are uniformly mixed in the coating.

[0039] 4. Anti-fog performance test Using glass substrates and the coated glass from Examples 1-6 as the subjects of investigation, the self-cleaning performance of the coatings was evaluated using hot steam anti-fogging tests and low-temperature anti-fogging tests: the samples were placed 5 cm above 80°C hot water for 30 seconds, and the glass was observed to see if fogging occurred. The test results are shown in […]. Figure 6 Place the sample in a -20℃ freezer for 30 minutes, then remove it and place it at room temperature to observe whether fogging occurs. The test results are shown below. Figure 7 .

[0040] In the hot steam anti-fogging test, the glass substrate surface was covered with small droplets, resulting in obvious fogging, and the "antifogging" lettering under the glass sheet became blurred; the coatings prepared in Examples 1-6 could effectively prevent fogging, and the lettering under the glass sheet was clearly visible.

[0041] In the low-temperature anti-fogging test, obvious fog appeared on the surface of the glass substrate and a thin layer of frost formed, and the "antifogging" lettering under the glass sheet became blurred; the coated glass prepared in Examples 1 to 6 remained clear under the same conditions and did not show fogging.

[0042] Based on the combined results of the anti-fogging performance test and the aforementioned transmittance test, sample D1 showed the best performance among all samples, exhibiting not only stable and efficient anti-fogging performance but also the highest average transmittance in the visible light region. Therefore, the optimal formulation for this system is determined to be 8 g / L PAA to 2 g / L SiO2.

[0043] 5. Durability test Using the coated glass from Example 4 (with a silica nanoparticle solution concentration of 2 g / L) as the test object, the durability of the coating was evaluated using tape peeling tests, sandpaper abrasion tests, water immersion tests, and long-term storage tests: 3M tape (3M4910) was adhered to the coating surface, a 500 g weight was placed on top of the tape, and the tape was peeled off after rolling. After every 20 repetitions, the peeled coated glass was placed 5 cm above 80°C hot water for 30 seconds, and fogging was observed. The test results are shown in […]. Figure 8 Figure A shows the process: Place 240-grit sandpaper (3M101Q) under the coating, and place a 500 g weight on top of the glass slide. Move the glass slide with the weight 10 cm along the scale. Repeat this process 10 times. After each 10 repetitions, place the coated glass 5 cm above 80°C hot water for 30 seconds and observe whether fogging occurs. The test results are shown in Figure A. Figure 8Figure B; Immerse the coated sample in a beaker containing deionized water, ensuring the coating is completely submerged. Remove the sample every 30 minutes and dry it. Once the sample has returned to room temperature, place it 5 cm above 80°C hot water for 30 seconds and observe for fogging. The test results are shown in Figure B. Figure 8 Figure C shows the coating sample placed in a laboratory environment (20℃, 50% relative humidity). The anti-fog performance of the coated glass was tested every 10 days by placing it 5cm above 80℃ hot water for 30 seconds and observing for fogging. The test results are shown in Figure C. Figure 8 D diagram.

[0044] Depend on Figure 8 As shown in Figure A, the coated glass maintains its anti-fog effect after 60 tape peels, indicating that the coating has good mechanical properties. When the tape is peeled 80 times, small droplets appear on the surface of the coated glass, indicating that the coating has been damaged and lost its anti-fog performance. Figure 8 As shown in Figure B, after 40 sandpaper abrasion cycles, the coating still effectively prevents fogging, indicating that the coating has good mechanical properties; after 50 abrasion cycles, small droplets appear on the coated glass surface, and the anti-fogging performance is lost. Figure 8 As shown in Figure C, the coated glass maintained its anti-fogging effect after immersion in water for 120 minutes, indicating that the system constructed from PAA and SiO2 effectively slowed down the loss of hydrophilic components. However, after immersion for 150 minutes, the anti-fogging performance was lost, and water droplets appeared on the surface of the coated glass. Figure 8 As shown in Figure D, the coating still maintains its anti-fog effect after 40 days, indicating that the coating has good long-term stability; however, the anti-fog effect disappears after 50 days.

[0045] 6. Self-healing performance test Using the coated glass from Example 4 (with a silica nanoparticle solution concentration of 2 g / L) as the subject of investigation, the self-healing performance of the anti-fog coating was evaluated through physical damage: a scratch was made on the coating with a blade, and the damaged coating was placed 5 cm above 80°C hot water to undergo self-healing. The results are as follows. Figure 9 As shown.

[0046] Depend on Figure 9 As shown in Figure A, the scratch width is approximately 60 µm, and it heals after 15 seconds. Figure 9 (Figure B) The width of the scratch has significantly decreased, after 30 seconds ( Figure 9 (Figure C) The scratch has completely healed, indicating that the transparent anti-fog composite coating has self-healing properties.

[0047] The self-healing mechanism of the coating is mainly attributed to intermolecular hydrogen bonding and the movement of polymer chains induced by water, such as... Figure 9As shown in Figure D, PAA molecular chains contain numerous carboxyl groups, which can form a dense network of hydrogen bonds. Hydrogen bonds are dynamic, reversible, non-covalent bonds that can break or recombine under specific conditions. PAA is strongly hydrophilic and swells upon absorbing water, significantly lowering its glass transition temperature. This makes the PAA molecular chains, fixed in a dry state, soft and mobile after absorbing water. When the scratched coating comes into contact with water vapor, water molecules penetrate the fracture surface at the scratch, forming new hydrogen bonds with the PAA carboxyl groups. This temporarily disrupts the original PAA-PAA hydrogen bonds between the fracture surfaces. The water molecules penetrate into the PAA molecular chains, significantly enhancing their mobility and diffusion capacity, allowing the PAA molecular chains on both sides of the scratch to overcome energy barriers and migrate, diffuse, and entangle towards the scratch area. After the water evaporates, the PAA carboxyl groups on the fracture surfaces move closer together, reforming PAA-PAA hydrogen bonds, thus repairing the scratch.

[0048] It should be noted that when numerical ranges are involved in this invention, it should be understood that both endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints can be selected. Since the steps and methods used are the same as in the embodiments, preferred embodiments are described in this invention to avoid redundancy. Although preferred embodiments of this invention have been described, those skilled in the art, once they understand the inventive concept of this invention, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of this invention.

[0049] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. If such modifications and variations fall within the scope of equivalents of this invention, then this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a transparent anti-fog composite coating, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Silica nanoparticles and polyacrylic acid are separately dispersed in deionized water to form a silica dispersion and a polyacrylic acid solution, which are then mixed to obtain a silica / polyacrylic acid composite coating. The coating material is applied to the surface of a substrate that has undergone plasma etching, and then heat-cured to obtain a transparent anti-fog composite coating. The ratio of silica nanoparticles, polyacrylic acid and deionized water used is (0.2~1.2)g:(0.2~1.2)g:200mL.

2. The method for preparing the transparent anti-fog composite coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of the silica nanoparticles is 7~40nm.

3. The method for preparing the transparent anti-fog composite coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate includes, but is not limited to, glass, photovoltaic materials, and building exterior walls.

4. The method for preparing the transparent anti-fog composite coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plasma etching power of the plasma surface activation treatment is 40~100 W, and the etching time is 5~20 min.

5. The method for preparing the transparent anti-fog composite coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coating speed is 45~55 cm / min, and the coating temperature is 20~25℃.

6. The method for preparing the transparent anti-fog composite coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermosetting temperature is 60~80℃, and the thermosetting time is more than 30 minutes.

7. A transparent anti-fog composite coating prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. An application of the transparent anti-fog composite coating as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The applications include, but are not limited to, medical devices, optical components, construction, and automotive glass manufacturing.

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