Water velocity inversion and separation method, device and equipment based on multi-information constraint, medium
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411876976.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-23
Smart Images
Figure CN122260478A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of seismic data processing technology, specifically to a method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for water velocity inversion and separation based on multi-information constraints. Background Technology
[0002] While there are no near-surface issues in deep-sea seismic exploration, the influence of seawater must be considered, as it significantly impacts the accuracy of time-lapse seismic processing. Changes in seawater velocity are primarily influenced by factors such as temperature, salinity, pressure, tides and currents, season, and climate. This leads to variations in water velocity at different times of seismic data acquisition and at different spatial locations within the same period. Detailed inversion and correction of these velocity variations will help improve the accuracy and reliability of seismic exploration.
[0003] Water velocity variation is an extremely complex problem involving multiple variables such as time and spatial location. Considering the current accuracy of data processing for marine towed cables and OBNs (Ocean Bottom Nodes), the magnitude of water velocity inversion and correction needs to be accurate to at least one decimal place, which places high demands on every step of the inversion process.
[0004] Currently, domestic research on water velocity inversion is still in its initial or exploratory stage. In related technologies, the first arrival is used to calculate the water velocity that changes over time. However, this process ignores the impact of virtual reflections on the accuracy of first arrival picking, which reduces the accuracy of the calculation. Furthermore, due to limitations in acquisition technology, the calculation is not constrained, leading to instability in the inversion. As a result, the application to data is not effective and fails to achieve the goal of deep-water OBN water velocity processing, thus preventing the large-scale promotion and application of this technology. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a method, apparatus, device, and medium for water velocity inversion and separation based on multi-information constraints, so as to solve the technical problems of inaccurate calculation accuracy and instability of inversion in related technologies.
[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a water velocity inversion and separation method based on multi-information constraints. The method includes: performing virtual reflection suppression on acquired ocean node data to determine the initial arrival; acquiring first field measurement information and second field measurement information related to water velocity; determining the initial water velocity and the water velocity variation with depth based on the first field measurement information and the second field measurement information; constraining the water velocity inversion and separation based on the initial arrival, the initial water velocity, and the water velocity variation with depth; and performing time difference correction on the water velocity in conjunction with the first field measurement information.
[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, determining the initial water velocity and the water velocity variation with depth based on the first field measurement information and the second field measurement information includes: determining the vertically varying water velocity and the water velocity variation with depth based on the first field measurement information; and determining the water velocity variation with time based on the second field measurement information; determining velocity information based on the vertically varying water velocity; and determining the initial water velocity based on the velocity information and the water velocity variation with time.
[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, the water velocity inversion and separation are constrained based on the initial arrival, initial water velocity, and water velocity variation with depth. Combined with the first field measurement information, the water velocity is corrected for time difference, including: constraining the water velocity inversion process based on the initial arrival to determine the water velocity disturbance; separating the water velocity disturbance based on the water velocity variation with depth and the initial water velocity to determine the temporal disturbance and spatial disturbance; and correcting the water velocity for time difference based on the first field measurement information, the temporal disturbance, and the spatial disturbance.
[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, at the first arrival, the water velocity inversion process is constrained to determine the water velocity disturbance amount, including: based on the first arrival, using the shot-receiver distance, determining the node water velocity corresponding to each node in the ocean node data; decomposing the node water velocity to determine the velocity information and the water velocity disturbance amount.
[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, the water velocity disturbance is separated based on the water velocity change with depth and the initial water velocity to determine the temporal disturbance and the spatial disturbance, including: separating the water velocity disturbance based on the water velocity change with depth and the initial water velocity to determine the lateral change of water velocity with space; and using smoothing based on the initial water velocity and the lateral change to determine the temporal disturbance and the spatial disturbance.
[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, time-difference correction is performed on the water velocity based on the first field measurement information, the time disturbance, and the spatial disturbance, including: Time difference correction is performed using the following formula: dt = offset / v 0– offset / ( v 0+ dv ( z ) + dv ( t ) + dv ( xy )) in, dt This indicates the water velocity after time difference correction. offsetIndicates the shot-receiver distance. v 0 indicates speed information. dv ( z () indicates the change in water velocity with depth. dv ( t () indicates the amount of time disturbance. dv ( xy ) represents the amount of spatial disturbance.
[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, virtual reflection suppression is applied to the acquired ocean node data to determine the initial arrival of the pickup, including: Virtual reflection suppression is achieved using the following formula:
[0013] in, P This indicates the received recorded wave field. P From rising wave U and downwave D composition, G Represents the virtual reflection operator. z Indicates the depth of the shot point. r Represents the reflection coefficient. k z Indicates wave number.
[0014] Secondly, the present invention provides a water velocity inversion and separation device based on multi-information constraints. The device includes: an arrival determination module, used to perform virtual reflection suppression on the acquired ocean node data to determine the picked arrival; a field measurement information acquisition module, used to acquire first field measurement information and second field measurement information related to water velocity; a water velocity information determination module, used to determine the initial water velocity and the water velocity variation with depth based on the first field measurement information and the second field measurement information; and a time difference correction module, used to constrain the water velocity inversion and separation based on the arrival, initial water velocity, and water velocity variation with depth, and to perform time difference correction on the water velocity in conjunction with the first field measurement information.
[0015] Thirdly, the present invention provides a computer device, comprising: a memory and a processor, wherein the memory and the processor are communicatively connected to each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to perform the water velocity inversion and separation method based on multi-information constraints described in the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment.
[0016] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the water velocity inversion and separation method based on multiple information constraints described in the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof.
[0017] The technical solution of this invention has the following advantages: This invention provides a method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for water velocity inversion and separation based on multi-information constraints. The method determines the first arrival by suppressing virtual reflections of ocean node data, and uses field measurement information related to water velocity to determine the initial water velocity and its variation with depth. Thus, the water velocity inversion and separation process is constrained by the first arrival, initial water velocity, and its variation with depth, and time difference correction is applied to the velocity. In this process, virtual reflection suppression technology is used to remove the influence of virtual reflection energy on the first arrival time, improving the accuracy of the direct wave acquisition time. Furthermore, field measurement information related to water velocity and the suppressed first arrival are used to constrain the inversion process, separating factors affecting water velocity. The separated factors are then used for time difference correction of water velocity. By constraining multiple information sources, instability in the inversion is avoided, effectively solving the time difference problem caused by differences in acquisition time and spatial location between different shot lines. This provides high-precision basic data for time-shifted seismic processing and effectively reduces exploration risks. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a water velocity inversion and separation method based on multi-information constraints according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the initial arrival before virtual reflection suppression according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the initial arrival after virtual reflection suppression according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram comparing the first arrival time difference before and after virtual reflection suppression according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first field measurement information and the change of water velocity with depth provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the change in water velocity over time at a certain location based on the second field measurement information record provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the water velocity disturbance provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the time disturbance of water velocity according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the spatial disturbance of water velocity according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram comparing direct waves before and after water velocity time difference correction based on multi-information constraints, provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the initial arrival before another virtual reflection suppression provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the initial arrival after suppression of another virtual reflection, provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram comparing the first arrival time difference before and after virtual reflection suppression according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 14 A schematic diagram comparing direct wave LMO before and after water velocity correction according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram comparing the direct wave LMO before and after virtual reflection pickling with water velocity correction according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a structural block diagram of a water velocity inversion and separation device based on multi-information constraints according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0021] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for water velocity inversion and separation based on multi-information constraints is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.
[0022] This embodiment provides a method for water velocity inversion and separation based on multi-information constraints, such as Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps: S101. Perform virtual reflection suppression on the acquired ocean node data to determine the initial arrival of the pickup.
[0023] Specifically, in related technologies, the shot point virtual reflection follows the direct wave. If the maximum energy position of the starting point or trough of the direct wave is picked up, the energy of the shot point virtual reflection will not affect the picking up. However, this understanding assumes that the direct wave is a strictly minimum energy phase. Actual data often cannot meet this assumption. Therefore, in this embodiment, a phase-driven virtual reflection suppression method is adopted to calculate the shot point virtual reflection suppression operator and suppress it, thereby determining the initial arrival of the pickup.
[0024] S102. Obtain the first field measurement information and the second field measurement information related to water velocity.
[0025] Specifically, the first field measurement information related to water velocity refers to SVP (Sound Velocity Profile) water velocity information, and the second field measurement information related to water velocity refers to PIES (Pressure Inverted Echo Sounder) water velocity information. During seismic exploration, both SVP and PIES water velocity information can be collected simultaneously. This measurement information can then be used as an initial velocity field or as a constraint condition in the inversion process to improve the accuracy of subsequent inversion.
[0026] S103. Based on the first field measurement information and the second field measurement information, determine the initial water velocity and the change of water velocity with depth.
[0027] Specifically, determining the initial water velocity and the water velocity variation with depth based on the first and second field measurement information refers to using SVP to determine the vertically varying water velocity and the water velocity variation with depth, where the vertically varying water velocity is denoted as... v ( z The change in water velocity with depth is denoted as . dv ( z ).
[0028] S104. Based on the initial arrival, initial water velocity, and water velocity variation with depth, constraints are imposed on water velocity inversion and separation. Combined with the first field measurement information, time difference correction is applied to the water velocity.
[0029] Specifically, constraining the water velocity inversion and separation based on the initial arrival, initial water velocity, and water velocity variation with depth, and combining the first field measurement information to perform time difference correction on the water velocity means constraining the water velocity inversion process based on the initial arrival, determining the water velocity disturbance, separating the water velocity disturbance, determining the time disturbance and spatial disturbance, and thus performing time difference correction on the water velocity.
[0030] This invention provides a method, apparatus, device, and medium for water velocity inversion and separation based on multi-information constraints. The method determines the first arrival by suppressing virtual reflections of ocean node data, and uses field measurement information related to water velocity to determine the initial water velocity and its variation with depth. Thus, the water velocity inversion and separation process is constrained by the first arrival, initial water velocity, and the variation with depth, and time difference correction is applied to the velocity. In this process, virtual reflection suppression technology is used to remove the influence of virtual reflection energy on the first arrival time, improving the accuracy of the direct wave acquisition time. Furthermore, field measurement information related to water velocity and the suppressed first arrival are used to constrain the inversion process, separating factors affecting water velocity. The separated factors are then used for time difference correction of water velocity. By constraining multiple information sources, instability in the inversion is avoided, effectively solving the time difference problem caused by differences in acquisition time and spatial location between different shot lines, and providing high-precision basic data for time-shifted seismic processing, effectively reducing exploration risks.
[0031] In one optional implementation, based on first field measurement information and second field measurement information, the initial water velocity and the change in water velocity with depth are determined, including: Based on the first field measurement information, the vertically varying water velocity and the water velocity variation with depth are determined; and, based on the second field measurement information, the water velocity variation with time is determined; based on the vertically varying water velocity, velocity information is determined; and based on the velocity information and the water velocity variation with time, the initial water velocity is determined.
[0032] Specifically, the first field measurement information refers to SVP, which represents the change in water velocity with depth at different locations within the work area. The water velocity exhibits the following variation pattern: as depth increases, influenced by factors such as decreasing temperature, the water velocity gradually decreases; after reaching a certain depth, as pressure increases, the water velocity gradually increases. From Figure 5 As can be seen, the blue line depicts the changes in water velocity at different locations. In shallow water areas, the water velocity varies to some extent with different lateral spatial positions, while in deep water areas, the water velocity is more consistent and less affected by lateral spatial positions.
[0033] Specifically, based on the first field measurement information, determining the vertically varying water velocity refers to extracting the vertically varying water velocity by averaging the SVP velocities at different spatial locations, denoted as . v ( z ), among which, such as Figure 5 As shown, v ( z (The red line in the diagram is shown.)
[0034] Specifically, determining velocity information based on vertically varying water velocity refers to... v ( z The average velocity information is obtained by averaging, denoted as . v0.
[0035] Specifically, based on the first field measurement information, determining the change in water velocity with depth refers to calculating the change in water velocity with depth using formula (1), denoted as... dv ( z ), where formula (1) is: dv ( z )= v ( z )- v 0.
[0036] Specifically, the second field measurement information refers to PIES, which represents the change in water velocity over time at the same location. The recorded data includes the pressure at the current location. Pressure ( t ) and a round trip from the water surface time ( t ) .
[0037] Specifically, based on the second field measurement information, determining the change in water velocity over time refers to calculating the change in water velocity over time using formula (2), denoted as... v raw ( t ), where formula (2) is: v raw ( t )=2*( Pressure ( t ) / ρg ) / time ( t ), ρ Used to represent density, g Used to represent gravitational acceleration. For example... Figure 6 As shown, exemplarily, at a certain location in a PIES record v raw ( t A schematic diagram of ).
[0038] Specifically, since PIES measurements typically only record one or two locations, i.e., the change in water velocity at a certain depth, they cannot fully characterize the water velocity changes across the entire area. Therefore, they are used as initial velocities to constrain water velocity inversion. Based on the velocity information and changes shown, determining the initial water velocity means determining the initial water velocity using formula (3), denoted as... dv raw ( t ), where formula (3) is: dv raw ( t )= v raw ( t ) - v 0.
[0039] In one optional implementation, the water velocity inversion and separation are constrained based on the initial arrival, initial water velocity, and water velocity variation with depth. Combined with first field measurement information, time-difference correction is performed on the water velocity, including: Based on the initial arrival, the water velocity inversion process is constrained to determine the water velocity disturbance. Based on the water velocity change with depth and the initial water velocity, the water velocity disturbance is separated to determine the temporal and spatial disturbances. Based on the first field measurement information, the temporal and spatial disturbances, the water velocity is corrected for time difference.
[0040] In one optional implementation, the water velocity inversion process is constrained to determine the water velocity disturbance, including: Based on the first arrival, the nodal water velocity corresponding to each node in the ocean node data is determined using the shot-receiver distance; the nodal water velocity is decomposed to determine the velocity information and water velocity disturbance.
[0041] Specifically, based on the first arrival time and using the shot-receiver distance, determining the node water velocity corresponding to each node in the ocean node data means that the node water velocity at each point can be calculated based on the first arrival time. Furthermore, the node water velocity is represented by formula (4), denoted as... v ( t , xyz ), where formula (4) is: v ( t , xyz )= offset / T pick , offset Used to indicate the gun-receiver distance. T pick This is used to indicate the initial arrival of the pickup; it should be understood here. T pick The first arrival is obtained after virtual reflection suppression of the acquired ocean node data.
[0042] Specifically, decomposing the node water velocity and determining the velocity information and velocity disturbance means that the node water velocity can be decomposed into velocity information and velocity disturbance, where the velocity information is denoted as... v 0; Water velocity disturbance includes: water velocity variation with depth, temporal disturbance, and spatial disturbance; the water velocity variation with depth is denoted as... dv ( z Time disturbance, denoted as dv ( t Spatial disturbance quantity, denoted as dv ( xy Therefore, the water velocity through the node can be expressed by formula (5), which is: v ( t , xyz )= v 0+ dv ( z )+ dv ( t )+ dv ( xy ) . v 0 and dv ( z The parameters ) are those determined in the above embodiments. The determination process is detailed in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here. Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the water velocity disturbance, temporal disturbance, and spatial disturbance are illustrated respectively. It can be seen that the temporal disturbance varies with the acquisition time and is relatively consistent within a single data line, i.e., when the time intervals are short; the spatial disturbance is the variation of water velocity with space, and it exhibits a relatively random distribution.
[0043] In one optional implementation, based on the change in water velocity with depth and the initial water velocity, the water velocity disturbance is separated to determine the temporal disturbance and the spatial disturbance, including: Based on the change in water velocity with depth and the initial water velocity, the water velocity disturbance is separated to determine the lateral change in water velocity with space; based on the initial water velocity and the lateral change, smoothing is used to determine the temporal disturbance and the spatial disturbance.
[0044] Specifically, based on the change in water velocity with depth and the initial water velocity, the water velocity disturbance is separated, and the determination of the lateral change in water velocity with space refers to separating the water velocity disturbance using the above formula (5), and calculating the lateral change in water velocity with space using formulas (1), (2), (3), and (4), denoted as dv raw ( xy Furthermore, this can be expressed by formula (6). dv raw ( xy Formula (6) is: dv raw ( xy )= offset / T pick -( v 0+ dv ( z ) + dv raw ( t )) .
[0045] Specifically, based on the initial water velocity and the lateral variation, determining the temporal and spatial disturbances using smoothing involves smoothing the determined lateral variation of the water velocity along the shot line to determine the temporal and spatial disturbances respectively. The spatial disturbance is expressed by formulas (7) and (8). dv ( xy Time disturbance dv ( t ).
[0046] Specifically, dv ( xy This can be expressed by formula (7): dv ( xy )= dv raw ( xy )– sm ( dv raw ( xy (7) Specifically, dv ( t This can be expressed by formula (8): dv ( t )= sm ( dv raw ( t )+ sm ( dv raw ( xy (8) in, sm Used to represent smoothness.
[0047] In one optional implementation, time-difference correction is performed on the water velocity based on first field measurement information, temporal disturbance, and spatial disturbance, including: Time difference correction is expressed by formula (9): dt = offset / v 0– offset / ( v 0+ dv ( z ) + dv ( t ) + dv ( xy (9) in, dt This indicates the water velocity after time difference correction. offset Indicates the shot-receiver distance. v 0 indicates speed information. dv (z () indicates the change in water velocity with depth. dv ( t () indicates the amount of time disturbance. dv ( xy ) represents the amount of spatial disturbance.
[0048] Specifically, such as Figure 10 As shown, the LMO gathers before and after applying water velocity correction are illustrated. The upper figure is before correction, and the lower figure is after correction. It can be seen that before water velocity correction, the initial arrival jitter was severe, which made it impossible to accurately superimpose in phase. This was caused by the difference in water velocity at different shot lines. After water velocity correction, the jitter problem was significantly improved, and the time difference was accurately corrected.
[0049] Specifically, formula (9) is applied to the data to compare LMO and first arrival time difference, such as... Figure 13 As shown, this example demonstrates a comparison of first arrival time differences before and after applying water velocity correction. Before water velocity correction, there were obvious strip-like time differences between different shot lines; however, after water velocity correction, the time differences caused by spatial and temporal variations were eliminated, resulting in better data consistency and laying a good foundation for subsequent time-shifted seismic processing. Figure 14 , Figure 15 As shown, an exemplary comparison of direct wave LMO before and after applying water velocity correction is presented, wherein, Figure 14 This is raw, unsuppressed virtual reflection data. Figure 15 To suppress virtual reflections in the data, the comparison is more intuitive. Before applying water velocity correction, the direct waves exhibited significant jitter. After applying water velocity correction, the time difference caused by spatial and temporal variations was eliminated, resulting in better data consistency and laying a solid foundation for subsequent time-shifted seismic processing.
[0050] In one optional implementation, virtual reflection suppression is applied to the acquired ocean node data to determine the initial arrival of the pickup, including: Virtual reflection suppression is achieved using formula (10): (10) in, P This indicates the received recorded wave field. P From rising wave U and downwave D composition, G Represents the virtual reflection operator. z Indicates the depth of the shot point. r Represents the reflection coefficient. k z Indicates wave number.
[0051] Specifically, after the virtual reflection suppression at the shot point, the energy distribution of the LMO direct wave changes, especially at mid-to-long-range offset positions, where the location of the maximum energy at the trough differs from that before suppression, such as... Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the first arrival (blue) of the water velocity V=1500m / s LMO correction before and after virtual reflection suppression is exemplarily demonstrated. Therefore, by suppressing the virtual reflection at the shot point, a more accurate direct wave time is obtained in the data, thereby improving the accuracy of first arrival pickup. Figure 4 An illustrative comparison of the first arrival time picked up before and after virtual reflection suppression with the theoretically calculated first arrival time is shown. After virtual reflection suppression, the first arrival time is closer to the theoretically calculated time. Here, the time difference = picked first arrival - theoretical first arrival. From the histogram distribution, the energy is also more focused, indicating that the first arrival picking accuracy is greatly improved.
[0052] Specifically, virtual reflection suppression is applied to the OBN node data, followed by first arrival pickup. Because the arrival time of the virtual reflection at the shot point is very close to the arrival time of the direct wave, especially at mid- and long-range offsets, the virtual reflection energy partially overlaps with the direct wave energy, causing a change in the energy distribution of the direct wave. This makes it impossible to accurately pick up the direct wave time based on the maximum or minimum energy. For example... Figure 11 , 12 As shown, an exemplary gather with linear correction for water velocity V=1500m / s is presented. The figure shows the change in direct wave energy before and after virtual reflection suppression. The red curve marks the first arrival pickup position, and the blue curve represents the shot-receiver offset. Before virtual reflection suppression, the first arrival time resembles an arc with both ends raised. The first arrival pickup time at the far offsets on both sides is lower than the first arrival time at the near offset in the middle. After virtual reflection suppression, the first arrival energy is restored, and the first arrival times at the near, middle, and far offsets tend to be consistent. In this case, the picked-up first arrival eliminates the influence of virtual reflection on the middle and far offsets, making it easier and more accurate to extract the first arrival time difference caused by water velocity changes.
[0053] This embodiment also provides a water velocity inversion and separation device based on multi-information constraints. This device is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments, and details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.
[0054] This embodiment provides a water velocity inversion and separation device based on multi-information constraints, such as Figure 16 As shown, it includes: The arrival determination module 201 is used to perform virtual reflection suppression on the acquired ocean node data to determine the arrival of the picked-up location. For details, please refer to the description of step S101 in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
[0055] The field measurement information acquisition module 202 is used to acquire first field measurement information and second field measurement information related to water velocity. For details, please refer to the description of step S102 in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
[0056] The water velocity information determination module 203 is used to determine the initial water velocity and the change in water velocity with depth based on the first field measurement information and the second field measurement information. For details, please refer to the relevant description of step S103 in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
[0057] The time difference correction module 204 is used to constrain the water velocity inversion and separation based on the initial arrival, initial water velocity, and water velocity variation with depth, and to perform time difference correction on the water velocity in conjunction with the first field measurement information. For details, please refer to the relevant description of step S104 in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
[0058] In this embodiment, the water velocity inversion and separation device based on multi-information constraints is presented in the form of functional units. Here, a unit refers to an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) circuit, a processor and memory that execute one or more software or fixed programs, and / or other devices that can provide the above functions.
[0059] This invention also provides a computer device having the above-described features. Figure 16 The device shown is a water velocity inversion and separation device based on multi-information constraints.
[0060] Please see Figure 17 , Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an optional embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 17As shown, the computer device includes one or more processors 301, memory 302, and interfaces for connecting the components, including high-speed interfaces and low-speed interfaces. The components communicate with each other via different buses and can be mounted on a common motherboard or otherwise installed as needed. The processors can process instructions executed within the computer device, including instructions stored in or on memory to display graphical information of a GUI on external input / output devices (such as display devices coupled to the interfaces). In some alternative implementations, multiple processors and / or multiple buses can be used with multiple memories and multiple memory modules, if desired. Similarly, multiple computer devices can be connected, each providing some of the necessary operations (e.g., as a server array, a group of blade servers, or a multiprocessor system). Figure 17 Take processor 301 as an example.
[0061] Processor 301 may be a central processing unit, a network processor, or a combination thereof. Processor 301 may further include a hardware chip. The hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The programmable logic device may be a complex programmable logic device (CAMP), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a general-purpose array logic (GDA), or any combination thereof.
[0062] The memory 302 stores instructions executable by at least one processor 301 to cause the at least one processor 301 to perform the method shown in the above embodiments.
[0063] Memory 302 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system and applications required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created based on the use of the computer device. Furthermore, memory 302 may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some alternative embodiments, memory 302 may optionally include memory remotely located relative to processor 301, and this remote memory may be connected to the computer device via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
[0064] The memory 302 may include volatile memory, such as random access memory; the memory may also include non-volatile memory, such as flash memory, hard disk or solid-state drive; the memory 302 may also include combinations of the above types of memory. The computer device also includes a communication interface 303 for communicating with other devices or communication networks.
[0065] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The methods described above according to embodiments of the invention can be implemented in hardware or firmware, or implemented as computer code that can be recorded on a storage medium, or implemented as computer code downloaded via a network and originally stored on a remote storage medium or a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium and then stored on a local storage medium. Thus, the methods described herein can be processed by software stored on a storage medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory, random access memory, flash memory, hard disk, or solid-state drive, etc.; further, the storage medium can also include combinations of the above types of memory. It is understood that computers, processors, microprocessor controllers, or programmable hardware include storage components capable of storing or receiving software or computer code, which, when accessed and executed by the computer, processor, or hardware, implements the methods shown in the above embodiments.
[0066] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A method for water velocity inversion and separation based on multi-information constraints, characterized in that, The method includes: Virtual reflection suppression is applied to the acquired ocean node data to determine the initial arrival point; Obtain the first and second field measurement information related to water velocity; Based on the first field measurement information and the second field measurement information, the initial water velocity and the water velocity change with depth are determined; Based on the initial arrival, the initial water velocity, and the water velocity variation with depth, constraints are applied to the water velocity inversion and separation. Combined with the first field measurement information, time difference correction is applied to the water velocity.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the initial water velocity and the change in water velocity with depth based on the first field measurement information and the second field measurement information includes: Based on the first field measurement information, determine the vertical water velocity and the water velocity variation with depth; and, Based on the second field measurement information, the change in water velocity over time is determined; Based on the vertically varying water velocity, determine the velocity information; The initial water velocity is determined based on the velocity information shown and the change in water velocity over time.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of constraining water velocity inversion and separation based on the initial arrival, the initial water velocity, and the water velocity variation with depth, and combining this with the first field measurement information to perform time difference correction on the water velocity, includes: Based on the initial arrival, the water velocity inversion process is constrained to determine the water velocity disturbance. Based on the water velocity change with depth and the initial water velocity, the water velocity disturbance is separated to determine the temporal disturbance and the spatial disturbance. Based on the first field measurement information, the time disturbance amount, and the spatial disturbance amount, the water velocity is corrected for time difference.
4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The constraint on the water velocity inversion process based on the initial arrival and the determination of the water velocity disturbance include: Based on the initial arrival, the nodal water velocity corresponding to each node in the ocean node data is determined using the shot-receiver distance; The water velocity at the nodes is decomposed to determine the velocity information and the water velocity disturbance.
5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of separating the water velocity disturbance based on the water velocity change with depth and the initial water velocity, and determining the temporal and spatial disturbances, includes: Based on the water velocity change with depth and the initial water velocity, the water velocity disturbance is separated to determine the lateral change of water velocity with space. Based on the initial water velocity and the lateral change, the temporal and spatial disturbances are determined using smoothing.
6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of correcting the water velocity for time difference based on the first field measurement information, the time disturbance, and the spatial disturbance includes: Time difference correction is performed using the following formula: dt = offset / v 0 – offset / ( v 0 + dv ( z ) + dv ( t ) + dv ( xy )) in, dt This indicates the water velocity after time difference correction. offset Indicates the shot-receiver distance. v 0 indicates speed information. dv ( z () indicates the change in water velocity with depth. dv ( t () indicates the amount of time disturbance. dv ( xy ) represents the amount of spatial disturbance.
7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of performing virtual reflection suppression on the acquired ocean node data to determine the initial arrival of the pickup includes: Virtual reflection suppression is achieved using the following formula: Where P represents the received recorded wavefield, which consists of an upgoing wave U and a downgoing wave D, G represents the virtual reflection operator, z represents the shot depth, r represents the reflection coefficient, and k z Indicates wave number.
8. A water velocity inversion and separation device based on multi-information constraints, characterized in that, The device includes: The arrival determination module is used to suppress virtual reflections in the acquired ocean node data to determine the arrival of the picked-up location. The field measurement information acquisition module is used to acquire the first field measurement information and the second field measurement information related to water velocity; The water velocity information determination module is used to determine the initial water velocity and the water velocity variation with depth based on the first field measurement information and the second field measurement information; The time difference correction module is used to constrain the water velocity inversion and separation based on the initial arrival, the initial water velocity, and the water velocity change with depth, and to perform time difference correction on the water velocity in conjunction with the first field measurement information.
9. A computer device, characterized in that, include: The system includes a memory and a processor, which are interconnected. The memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to perform the water velocity inversion and separation method based on multiple information constraints as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing the computer to execute the water velocity inversion and separation method based on multiple information constraints as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.