Intelligent cover plate ventilation device for railway system

Abstract

The application provides an intelligent cover ventilation device of a railway system, and relates to railway operation and maintenance technology.The device comprises: a lifting structure comprising two groups of lifting assemblies that are cross-hinged in an X shape, one side of the top of the lifting assembly is connected with the bottom of the cover through a sliding part, one side of the bottom of the lifting assembly is connected with the top of a support structure through a sliding part, the other side of the top of the lifting assembly is connected with the bottom of the cover, the other side of the bottom of the lifting assembly is connected with the top of the support structure, a driving element is arranged on the support structure, the end of the driving element is connected with the sliding part, the driving element moves to the end away from the sliding part, and the driving element drives the lifting assembly and the cover to lift; a ventilation structure is arranged in a ventilation hole, the outer side wall of the ventilation structure is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the cover, the top of the ventilation structure is provided with a wind control structure, the wind control structure is arranged in a gap with the ventilation structure, and the side wall of the wind control structure is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the cover.The device solves the problem that cable equipment cannot be safely and stably operated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway operation and maintenance technology, and more specifically, to an intelligent cover plate ventilation device for railway systems. Background Technology

[0002] In existing railway operation and maintenance technologies, cable trench ventilation typically relies on pre-installed fixed ventilation openings and natural ventilation mechanisms, utilizing the natural temperature difference or wind force between the inside and outside of the trench to achieve gas exchange. However, the location and size of existing ventilation openings are fixed, and ventilation efficiency is entirely affected by external environmental conditions. It is unstable and uncontrollable due to natural factors such as wind speed, wind direction, and temperature differences. Furthermore, the ventilation process cannot be dynamically adjusted to adapt to environmental changes. In windless weather conditions with small temperature differences, natural ventilation power decreases significantly, resulting in low air circulation efficiency and difficulty in continuously and effectively removing accumulated heat, moisture, and harmful gases from the trench. This leads to multiple problems such as insufficient heat dissipation and dehumidification, and inadequate gas exchange within the cable trench, resulting in the inability of cable equipment to operate safely and stably.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an intelligent cover plate ventilation device for railway systems, which needs to solve the problem of cable equipment not being able to operate safely and stably. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent ventilation device for railway cover plates to improve the aforementioned problems. To achieve this objective, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0005] A smart cover ventilation device for a railway system includes: a lifting structure comprising two sets of lifting components hinged in an "X" shape; one side of the top of each lifting component is connected to the bottom of the cover via a sliding part; one side of the bottom of each lifting component is connected to the top of a support structure via a sliding part; the other side of the top of each lifting component is connected to the bottom of the cover; the other side of the bottom of each lifting component is connected to the top of the support structure; a driving member is provided on the support structure; the end of the driving member is connected to the sliding part; the driving member moves away from the sliding part; the driving member drives the lifting components and the cover to rise and fall; a ventilation hole is provided in the middle of the top wall of the cover; a ventilation structure is disposed within the ventilation hole; the outer wall of the ventilation structure is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cover; a wind control structure is provided at the top of the ventilation structure; the wind control structure is spaced apart from the ventilation structure; and the side wall of the wind control structure is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cover.

[0006] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes a first hinge rod and a second hinge rod, the middle part of the first hinge rod is hinged to the middle part of the second hinge rod, the top end of the first hinge rod is hinged to the cover plate through a sliding part, the bottom end of the first hinge rod is connected to the support structure, the top end of the second hinge rod is hinged to the bottom of the cover plate, and the bottom end of the second hinge rod is hinged to the support structure through a sliding part.

[0007] Preferably, the sliding part includes a sliding block and a hinge pin. The top of the sliding block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cover plate. A sliding groove is formed in the middle of the sliding block. The sliding block is connected to the top hinge point of the first hinge rod through the hinge pin. The two ends of the hinge pin are embedded in the sliding groove. The hinge pin drives the first hinge rod to slide along the sliding groove.

[0008] Preferably, the driving component includes a screw, a rotating base, and a drive motor. The screw is horizontally arranged along the length of the cover plate. The connecting part of the rotating base is threadedly connected to the end of the screw. The drive motor is provided with an output shaft. The output shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected to one end of the screw through a coupling. The drive motor drives the rotating base and the drive screw to rotate in both directions. The rotating base drives the lifting assembly and the cover plate to rise and fall.

[0009] Preferably, the sidewall of the ventilation structure is connected to the inner wall of the cover plate by screws, and the sidewall of the ventilation structure is provided with a shock absorber, which is connected to the inner wall of the cover plate.

[0010] Preferably, the cover plate has an annular groove on the side near the ventilation structure, the annular groove is coaxial with the ventilation hole, an adjusting cylinder is provided in the annular groove, the outer side wall of the adjusting cylinder is slidably attached to the inner side wall of the annular groove, the adjusting cylinder slides back and forth along the vertical direction of the cover plate, the end of the adjusting cylinder near the bottom of the cover plate is open and the top is closed, and the side wall of the adjusting cylinder has multiple filter holes, which are evenly distributed along the height direction of the adjusting cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the cover plate is further provided with a radially extending adjustment groove on the groove wall of the annular groove. One end of the adjustment groove is connected to the interior of the annular groove, and the other end of the adjustment groove extends to a preset position inside the cover plate. An adjustment cylinder is provided in the adjustment groove. The adjustment cylinder is coaxially arranged with the annular groove. The cylinder body of the adjustment cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjustment groove by screws. The piston rod of the adjustment cylinder is fixedly connected to the side wall of the adjustment cylinder. The extension and retraction of the adjustment cylinder drives the adjustment cylinder to slide back and forth along the axial direction of the annular groove.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom of the cover plate is provided with a plurality of wiping components and a transmission component. The plurality of wiping components are respectively disposed on the two sides of the bottom of the cover plate and are in close contact with the bottom surface of the cover plate. The transmission component is coaxially disposed with the rotating shaft of the ventilation structure and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the ventilation structure by screws. The transmission component is hinged to the wiping components. When the ventilation structure rotates, the transmission component drives the wiping components to reciprocate along the bottom of the cover plate.

[0013] Preferably, the support structure includes a support frame and a cable frame. The top of the support frame is connected to the side of the lifting assembly away from the sliding part. The top of the support frame is connected to the sliding part. The support frame is disposed inside the cable frame. The inner wall of the cable frame is connected to the side wall of the support frame.

[0014] Preferably, the system further includes an environmental monitoring sensor, the top of which is connected to the bottom of the support frame, and the environmental monitoring sensor is electrically connected to the control system, which is electrically connected to the lifting structure.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this device are:

[0016] This device introduces a lifting assembly, employing an X-shaped cross-hinged lifting mechanism. This ensures uniform stress distribution and higher support rigidity, improving the stable operation of the lifting mechanism under harsh railway conditions. Furthermore, an automatic drive mechanism automatically propels the sliding section, thereby raising and lowering the X-shaped lifting assembly. This eliminates the need for manual on-site disassembly and lifting of the cover, avoiding the safety risks associated with manual opening. Simultaneously, multi-stage ventilation is achieved through ventilation and air control structures within the ventilation holes. The air control structure regulates the air intake angle and airflow, reducing water vapor condensation caused by rapid convection of hot and cold air. This facilitates air circulation, heat dissipation, and dehumidification within the cable trench. The gaps between the ventilation and air control structures create a barrier, reducing the direct entry of impurities into the cable trench and minimizing the need for cleaning and maintenance of the ventilation holes. In summary, this invention effectively solves the problem of unsafe and unstable operation of cable equipment.

[0017] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and in part will be obvious from the description or may be learned by practicing the embodiments of the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the interlocking cable ventilation device used in the embodiment;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cover plate and lifting assembly in this embodiment.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the cover plate in this embodiment.

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of area A of the middle cover plate.

[0023] Marked in the image:

[0024] 1. Lifting assembly; 2. Sliding part; 3. Cover plate; 4. Support structure; 5. Drive component; 6. Ventilation hole; 7. Ventilation structure; 8. Air control structure; 9. Environmental monitoring sensor; 11. First hinge rod; 12. Second hinge rod; 21. Sliding block; 22. Hinge pin; 31. Annular groove; 32. Adjusting cylinder; 33. Adjusting cylinder; 34. Wiping component; 35. Transmission component; 41. Support frame; 42. Cable frame; 51. Screw; 52. Rotating seat; 53. Drive motor; 321. Filter hole. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] In practical engineering applications of traditional cable trench ventilation, two main ventilation schemes are adopted. One is to set up fixed ventilation openings on the cable trench to achieve gas exchange between the trench and the outside through natural ventilation. The fixed ventilation scheme has a simple structure and low investment cost, but the ventilation effect depends on multiple environmental conditions such as outside wind speed and wind direction, which can easily lead to poor ventilation and make it difficult to reliably meet the ventilation needs of the cable trench. The second is to install ordinary fans to carry out forced ventilation, which introduces outside air into the trench through the operation of the fans. However, ordinary fans cannot adjust the ventilation volume and air inlet angle, and cannot flexibly adapt the ventilation parameters according to the actual environmental conditions inside the cable trench. This also has the technical defect of poor ventilation control.

[0028] Example 1:

[0029] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an intelligent cover ventilation device for a railway system includes:

[0030] The lifting structure includes two sets of lifting components 1 that are cross-hinged in an "X" shape. One side of the top of the lifting component 1 is connected to the bottom of the cover plate 3 via a sliding part 2, and one side of the bottom of the lifting component 1 is connected to the top of the support structure 4 via a sliding part 2. The other side of the top of the lifting component 1 is connected to the bottom of the cover plate 3, and the other side of the bottom of the lifting component 1 is connected to the top of the support structure 4. A driving component 5 is provided on the support structure 4. The end of the driving component 5 is connected to the sliding part 2. The driving component 5 moves away from the sliding part 2, and the driving component 5 drives the lifting component 1 and the cover plate 3 to rise and fall. A ventilation hole 6 is provided in the middle of the top wall of the cover plate 3. A ventilation structure 7 is provided in the ventilation hole 6. The outer wall of the ventilation structure 7 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cover plate 3. A wind control structure 8 is provided on the top of the ventilation structure 7. The wind control structure 8 is spaced apart from the ventilation structure 7. The side wall of the wind control structure 8 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cover plate. The technical effects of this device are as follows: the driving component 5 drives the sliding part 2 to move according to the temperature in the cable trench, thereby causing the lifting component 1 to extend and retract, realizing the lifting and lowering of the cover plate 3; the ventilation structure 7 in the ventilation hole 6 forms a multi-dimensional ventilation channel, which, combined with the air control structure 8, regulates the air intake angle and air volume, reducing water vapor condensation caused by rapid convection of hot and cold air. At the same time, the lifting and lowering action of the lifting component 1 expands the ventilation area, further alleviating the problem of high temperature accumulation in the cable trench and ensuring the stability of the cable operating environment; the support structure 4 provides a stable installation foundation for the lifting component 1 and the driving component 5, ensuring that the overall force of the device is balanced during the lifting process, and adapting to the long-term use requirements of railway system cable trenches.

[0031] In this invention, the lifting assembly 1 includes a first hinge rod 11 and a second hinge rod 12. The middle part of the first hinge rod 11 is hinged to the middle part of the second hinge rod 12. The top end of the first hinge rod 11 is hinged to the cover plate 3 through a sliding part 2. The bottom end of the first hinge rod 11 is connected to the support structure 4. The top end of the second hinge rod 12 is hinged to the bottom of the cover plate 3. The bottom end of the second hinge rod 12 is hinged to the support structure 4 through a sliding part 2. The specific structure is as follows: both the first hinge rod 11 and the second hinge rod 12 are inclined. The middle part of the first hinge rod 11 is hinged to the middle part of the second hinge rod 12. The sliding part 2 at the top of the first hinge rod 11 slides smoothly along the sliding groove at the bottom of the cover plate 3. The sliding part 2 at the bottom of the second hinge rod 12 moves synchronously in the sliding groove at the top of the support structure 4. When the driving member 5 pushes the sliding part 2, the first hinge rod 11 and the second hinge rod 12 are linked through the middle hinge point to realize the vertical lifting and lowering of the cover plate 3, avoiding the tilting and offset of the cover plate 3. The bottom end of the first hinge rod 11 is fixedly hinged to the support structure 4, and the top end of the second hinge rod 12 is fixedly hinged to the cover plate 3, forming a stable force support point, which is used to distribute the load generated during the lifting and lowering process, reduce the stress concentration of a single connection point, and extend the service life of the ventilation device.

[0032] To clarify the configuration of the sliding part 2, the sliding part 2 includes a sliding block 21 and a hinge pin 22. The top of the sliding block 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cover plate 3. A sliding groove is formed in the middle of the sliding block 21. The sliding block 21 is connected to the top hinge point of the first hinge rod 11 through the hinge pin 22. Both ends of the hinge pin 22 are embedded in the sliding groove. The hinge pin 22 drives the first hinge rod 11 to slide along the sliding groove. The cooperation between the sliding block 21 and the hinge pin 22 realizes the flexible connection and sliding adaptation between the top of the first hinge rod 11 and the cover plate 3. The sliding groove provides a stable sliding trajectory for the hinge pin 22, so that the first hinge rod 11 can slide relative to the sliding groove during the lifting process, ensuring that the first hinge rod 11 is subjected to uniform force during the lifting process and avoiding jamming or deviation. At the same time, the fixed connection between the sliding block 21 and the cover plate 3 is firm and reliable, bearing the load transmitted by the lifting assembly 1 and the frequent lifting actions during the long-term use of the railway cable trench.

[0033] In this device, the driving component 5 includes a screw 51, a rotating seat 52, and a driving motor 53. The screw 51 is horizontally arranged along the length direction of the cover plate 3. The connecting part of the rotating seat 52 is threadedly connected to the end of the screw 51. The driving motor 53 is provided with an output shaft. The output shaft is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the screw 51 through a coupling. The driving motor 53 drives the rotating seat 52 and the driving screw 51 to rotate in both directions. The rotating seat 52 drives the lifting assembly 1 and the cover plate 3 to rise and fall. The screw 51 and the rotating seat 52 adopt a screw drive method, which has the characteristics of high transmission accuracy, stable force, and good self-locking. The screw 51 is horizontally arranged along the length of the cover plate 3 to match the force direction of the lifting assembly 1. The drive motor 53 is coaxially fixed with the screw 51 through a coupling, which reduces energy loss during power transmission. At the same time, the coupling buffers the impact force when the motor starts and protects the screw 51 and the output shaft. The drive motor 53 is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the rain and dew sensor in the environmental monitoring assembly. It automatically realizes forward and reverse rotation according to the real-time environmental data in the cable trench, realizes the adjustment of the lifting height of the cover plate 3, and meets different ventilation needs.

[0034] Preferably, the sidewall of the ventilation structure 7 is connected to the inner wall of the cover plate 3 by screws. The sidewall of the ventilation structure 7 is provided with a shock-absorbing component, which is connected to the inner wall of the cover plate 3. The shock-absorbing component is made of an elastic material (rubber pad, silicone pad). By tightly fitting the sidewall of the ventilation structure 7 to the inner wall of the cover plate 3, the shock-absorbing component absorbs the vibration energy generated during the operation of the ventilation structure 7, reduces the resonance noise caused by the dynamic transmission to the cover plate 3, avoids screw loosening and structural deformation caused by long-term vibration, and reduces noise interference from the surrounding environment.

[0035] like Figure 4As shown, the cover plate 3 has an annular groove 31 on the side near the ventilation structure 7. The annular groove 31 is coaxially arranged with the ventilation hole 6. An adjusting cylinder 32 is arranged in the annular groove 31. The outer side wall of the adjusting cylinder 32 is slidably attached to the inner side wall of the annular groove 31. The adjusting cylinder 32 slides back and forth along the vertical direction of the cover plate 3. The end of the adjusting cylinder 32 near the bottom of the cover plate 3 is open and the top is closed. The side wall of the adjusting cylinder 32 has a plurality of filter holes 321, which are evenly distributed along the height direction of the adjusting cylinder 32. In this structure, the sliding fit design between the annular groove 31 and the regulating cylinder 32 provides precise guidance for the lifting and lowering of the regulating cylinder 32, avoiding deviation or jamming during the sliding process. The bottom opening structure and top closed structure of the regulating cylinder 32, together with the evenly distributed filter holes 321, allow outside air to enter the cable trench through the filter holes 321 when ventilation is needed, achieving efficient gas exchange. When ventilation is not needed, the top of the regulating cylinder 32 is flush with the top wall of the cover plate 3, and the ventilation holes 6 are closed to effectively block external debris, rainwater, etc. from entering the cable trench, protecting the internal cable equipment. The filter holes 321 play a preliminary filtering role, reducing the entry of large particulate impurities into the cable trench.

[0036] Furthermore, the cover plate 3 has a radially extending adjustment groove on the groove wall of the annular groove 31. One end of the adjustment groove communicates with the interior of the annular groove 31, and the other end extends to a preset position inside the cover plate 3. An adjustment cylinder 33 is installed in the adjustment groove, and the adjustment cylinder 33 is coaxially arranged with the annular groove 31. The cylinder body of the adjustment cylinder 33 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjustment groove by screws, and the piston rod of the adjustment cylinder 33 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the adjustment cylinder 32. The extension and retraction of the adjustment cylinder 33 causes the adjustment cylinder 32 to slide back and forth along the axial direction of the annular groove 31. The adjustment groove provides a concealed and stable installation space for the adjustment cylinder 33, preventing the cylinder from being exposed to the outside environment and corroding. The coaxial arrangement of the adjustment cylinder 33 and the annular groove 31 ensures that the extension and retraction force of the piston rod is transmitted along the axial direction of the adjustment cylinder 32, and the adjustment cylinder 32 is subjected to uniform force, making the lifting and lowering action smooth.

[0037] Because the current cover plate ventilation device only focuses on the ventilation function and does not take into account the cleaning needs of the bottom of the cover plate, long-term use can easily lead to dust accumulation and water droplet condensation at the bottom of the cover plate, affecting the ventilation effect and potentially damaging related components. In this invention, the bottom of the cover plate 3 is provided with multiple wiping elements 34 and a transmission element 35. The multiple wiping elements 34 are respectively disposed on the two sides of the bottom of the cover plate 3 and are in close contact with the bottom surface of the cover plate 3. The transmission element 35 is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft of the ventilation structure 7 and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the ventilation structure 7 by screws. The transmission element 35 is hinged to the wiping elements 34. When the ventilation structure 7 rotates, the transmission element 35 drives the wiping elements 34 to reciprocate along the bottom of the cover plate 3. The wiping component 34 includes a wiping plate, a wiping brush, and a highly absorbent cleaning cloth. The wiping plate covers an area smaller than the bottom area of ​​the cover plate 3 to ensure thorough cleaning without dead corners and without interfering with the hinge rod of the lifting assembly. The transmission component 35 includes a rotating rod, a first bevel gear, a bidirectional screw, a guide rod, and a second bevel gear. The rotating rod is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft of the ventilation structure 7. The first and second bevel gears mesh to drive the bidirectional screw to rotate. The guide rod is parallel to the bidirectional screw to provide stable guidance for the wiping component 34, allowing the ventilation structure 7 to synchronously drive the wiping components 34 on both sides to move closer or further apart along the bottom of the cover plate 3 during operation. The wiping brush brushes up dirt and condensed water droplets from the bottom of the cover plate 3, and the cleaning cloth absorbs dirt and dust in a timely manner. This achieves the linkage between ventilation and cleaning, ensuring a dry and clean environment inside the cable trench, reducing energy consumption, and extending the service life of the cables.

[0038] In this structure, the support structure includes a support frame 41 and a cable frame 42. The top of the support frame 41 is connected to the side of the lifting assembly 1 away from the sliding part 2, and the top of the support frame 41 is connected to the sliding part 2. The support frame 41 is disposed within the cable frame 42, and the inner wall of the cable frame 42 is connected to the side wall of the support frame 41. The support frame 41 slides along the width direction of the cable trench. The support frame 41 and the cable frame 42 can be adapted to cable trenches of different widths by changing their width through ventilation. The support frame 41 provides a stable installation base for the lifting assembly 1. A filter screen is also provided on the support frame 41. The filter screen is disposed on the side of the cover plate 3 near the cable trench and is parallel to the cover plate 3. The filter screen is used to prevent impurities from entering the cable trench.

[0039] This device also includes an environmental monitoring sensor 9, the top of which is connected to the bottom of the support frame 41. The environmental monitoring sensor 9 is electrically connected to the control system, and the control system is electrically connected to the lifting structure. The environmental monitoring sensor 9 includes a temperature sensor and a dew sensor, which are symmetrically spaced along the width of the bottom of the support frame 41 to monitor temperature and humidity data at different locations in the cable trench. The temperature sensor and the dew sensor transmit real-time environmental data to the control system via a signal transmission line. The real-time environmental data is judged according to preset temperature and humidity thresholds. When the temperature reaches the first temperature and humidity threshold, the ventilation structure 7 is automatically activated to drive the regulating cylinder 32 to descend and open the ventilation channel. When the temperature reaches the second temperature and humidity threshold, the driving component 5 is activated to drive the cover plate 3 to rise and fall to expand the ventilation area.

[0040] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A smart cover ventilation device for a railway system, characterized in that, include: The lifting structure includes two sets of lifting components (1) that are cross-hinged in an "X" shape. The top side of the lifting component (1) is connected to the bottom of the cover plate (3) through a sliding part (2). The bottom side of the lifting component (1) is connected to the top of the support structure (4) through a sliding part (2). The top other side of the lifting component (1) is connected to the bottom of the cover plate (3). The bottom other side of the lifting component (1) is connected to the top of the support structure (4). A driving member (5) is provided on the support structure (4). The end of the driving member (5) is connected to the sliding part (2). The driving member (5) moves away from the sliding part (2). The driving member (5) drives the lifting component (1) and the cover plate (3) to rise and fall. A ventilation hole (6) is provided in the middle of the top wall of the cover plate (3). Ventilation structure (7) is provided in the ventilation hole (6). The outer wall of the ventilation structure (7) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cover plate (3). A wind control structure (8) is provided on the top of the ventilation structure (7). The wind control structure (8) is spaced apart from the ventilation structure (7). The side wall of the wind control structure (8) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cover plate.

2. The intelligent cover plate ventilation device for railway systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting assembly (1) includes a first hinge rod (11) and a second hinge rod (12). The middle part of the first hinge rod (11) is hinged to the middle part of the second hinge rod (12). The top end of the first hinge rod (11) is hinged to the cover plate (3) through a sliding part (2). The bottom end of the first hinge rod (11) is connected to the support structure (4). The top end of the second hinge rod (12) is hinged to the bottom of the cover plate (3). The bottom end of the second hinge rod (12) is hinged to the support structure (4) through a sliding part (2).

3. The intelligent cover plate ventilation device for railway systems according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sliding part (2) includes a sliding block (21) and a hinge pin (22). The top of the sliding block (21) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cover plate (3). A sliding groove is provided in the middle of the sliding block (21). The sliding block (21) is connected to the top hinge point of the first hinge rod (11) through the hinge pin (22). The two ends of the hinge pin (22) are embedded in the sliding groove. The hinge pin (22) drives the first hinge rod (11) to slide along the sliding groove.

4. The intelligent cover plate ventilation device for railway systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving component (5) includes a screw (51), a rotating seat (52), and a driving motor (53). The screw (51) is horizontally arranged along the length direction of the cover plate (3). The connecting part of the rotating seat (52) is threadedly connected to the end of the screw (51). The driving motor (53) is provided with an output shaft. The output shaft is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the screw (51) through a coupling. The driving motor (53) drives the rotating seat (52) and the driving screw (51) to rotate in opposite directions. The rotating seat (52) drives the lifting assembly (1) and the cover plate (3) to rise and fall.

5. The intelligent cover plate ventilation device for railway systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side wall of the ventilation structure (7) is connected to the inner wall of the cover plate (3) by screws. The side wall of the ventilation structure (7) is provided with a shock absorber, which is connected to the inner wall of the cover plate (3).

6. The intelligent cover plate ventilation device for railway systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cover plate (3) has an annular groove (31) on the side near the ventilation structure (7). The annular groove (31) is coaxially arranged with the ventilation hole (6). An adjusting cylinder (32) is arranged in the annular groove (31). The outer side wall of the adjusting cylinder (32) slides against the inner side wall of the annular groove (31). The adjusting cylinder (32) slides back and forth along the vertical direction of the cover plate (3). The end of the adjusting cylinder (32) near the bottom of the cover plate (3) is open and the top is closed. The side wall of the adjusting cylinder (32) has multiple filter holes (321). The multiple filter holes (321) are evenly distributed along the height direction of the adjusting cylinder (32).

7. The intelligent cover ventilation device for railway systems according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cover plate (3) is provided with a radially extending adjustment groove on the groove wall of the annular groove (31). One end of the adjustment groove is connected to the inside of the annular groove (31), and the other end of the adjustment groove extends to a preset position inside the cover plate (3). An adjustment cylinder (33) is provided in the adjustment groove. The adjustment cylinder (33) is coaxially arranged with the annular groove (31). The cylinder body of the adjustment cylinder (33) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjustment groove by screws. The piston rod of the adjustment cylinder (33) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the adjustment cylinder (32). The extension and retraction of the adjustment cylinder (33) drives the adjustment cylinder (32) to slide back and forth along the axial direction of the annular groove (31).

8. The intelligent cover plate ventilation device for railway systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the cover plate (3) is provided with a plurality of wiping parts (34) and a transmission part (35). The plurality of wiping parts (34) are respectively disposed on the two sides of the bottom of the cover plate (3). The plurality of wiping parts (34) are in close contact with the bottom surface of the cover plate (3). The transmission part (35) is coaxially disposed with the rotating shaft of the ventilation structure (7). The transmission part (35) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the ventilation structure (7) by screws. The transmission part (35) is hinged to the wiping parts (34). When the ventilation structure (7) rotates, the transmission part (35) drives the wiping parts (34) to reciprocate along the bottom of the cover plate (3).

9. The intelligent cover plate ventilation device for railway systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support structure includes a support frame (41) and a cable frame (42). The top of the support frame (41) is connected to the side of the lifting assembly (1) away from the sliding part (2). The top of the support frame (41) is connected to the sliding part (2). The support frame (41) is disposed inside the cable frame (42). The inner wall of the cable frame (42) is connected to the side wall of the support frame (41).

10. The intelligent cover plate ventilation device for railway systems according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes an environmental monitoring sensor (9), the top of which is connected to the bottom of the support frame (41), the environmental monitoring sensor (9) is electrically connected to the control system, and the control system is electrically connected to the lifting structure.

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