A winding device and process for manufacturing a hydrogen storage tank cylinder with an ultra-large length-diameter ratio

Abstract

This invention provides a winding device and process for manufacturing ultra-large aspect ratio hydrogen storage tank bodies. The device includes: a load-bearing plate, a first side connecting plate, a second side connecting plate, a first drive motor, a housing, an unwinding mechanism, a limiting mechanism, and a hydrogen storage tank body. It realizes the linkage between the winding process and the axial feed of the tank body, eliminating the need for a complex independent linear drive system, significantly improving the continuity and efficiency of winding, and ensuring the uniformity and density of the winding layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of winding equipment technology, and specifically to a winding equipment and process for manufacturing ultra-large aspect ratio hydrogen storage tank bodies. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the hydrogen energy industry, the demand for high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks, as core components of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and stationary hydrogen storage systems, is increasing daily. Among them, hydrogen storage tanks with ultra-high aspect ratios (length much greater than diameter) have significant application prospects in automotive and other fields due to their ability to achieve higher hydrogen volume density. These tanks are typically formed using composite materials such as carbon fiber or glass fiber through a winding process to ensure high strength, lightweight, and fatigue resistance.

[0003] However, existing winding equipment and processes face many challenges in manufacturing ultra-large aspect ratio cylinders: 1. During the winding process, the unbalanced mass of rotating components (such as the mandrel and unwinding mechanism) in ultra-large aspect ratio cylinders generates significant centrifugal force and periodic load fluctuations. This requires the drive motor to have strong instantaneous torque and overload capacity, which not only increases energy consumption but also accelerates the wear of the motor and transmission components, seriously affecting the service life and long-term operational stability of the equipment.

[0004] 2. Traditional winding equipment often uses independent linear drive units for axial feed control of the cylinder, resulting in complex structures and high requirements for synchronous control precision. During the winding process, improper coordination of the tension control of the fiber tape or bundle, the accuracy of the laying trajectory, and the rigid support of the cylinder itself can easily lead to uneven winding layers, wrinkles, or gaps, affecting product quality. Furthermore, simplified axial movement mechanisms are often inefficient, making it difficult to achieve efficient and continuous winding operations.

[0005] 3. To achieve high precision and high efficiency winding, existing equipment often adopts a multi-axis linkage precision CNC system and is equipped with complex tension control, heating and curing auxiliary units, resulting in a large equipment structure and high manufacturing and maintenance costs, which restricts its promotion and application in large-scale production. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a winding device and process for manufacturing ultra-large aspect ratio hydrogen storage tank bodies, aiming to solve the problems in the background art mentioned above.

[0007] This invention is implemented as follows: a winding device for manufacturing hydrogen storage tank bodies with ultra-large aspect ratios includes: a load-bearing plate, a first side connecting plate, a second side connecting plate, a first drive motor, a housing, an unwinding mechanism, a limiting mechanism, and a hydrogen storage tank body; the first side connecting plate and the second side connecting plate are respectively connected to the upper two sides of the load-bearing plate; the first drive motor is located on one side of the first side connecting plate; a circular protruding hollow cylinder is provided on one side of the housing, and a circular through groove is provided in the middle of the upper part of the first side connecting plate, with the hollow cylinder embedded in the through groove; an unwinding mechanism is provided on all four shell surfaces of the outer wall of the housing; a limiting mechanism is provided at the other end of the housing, with the hollow cylinder embedded in the housing on one side of the hydrogen storage tank body, and the other side of the hydrogen storage tank body limited by the limiting mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper sides of the load-bearing plate are fixedly connected to the first side connecting plate and the second side connecting plate respectively by bolts; A groove is provided in the middle of the first side connecting plate, and a transmission belt is provided in the groove; a first drive motor is provided below the first side connecting plate, and a transmission wheel is provided at the output end of the first drive motor, and the transmission belt is sleeved with the transmission wheel below.

[0009] Furthermore, the unwinding mechanism includes: a first rotating wheel, a second rotating wheel, a third rotating wheel, a fourth rotating wheel, and a second drive motor; The first, second, third, and fourth rotating wheels are provided with through connecting holes in their middle parts; the second drive motors are respectively mounted on the four inner walls of the housing through four motor mounting brackets, and the output shafts of the four second drive motors are respectively embedded in the connecting holes in the middle parts of the first, second, third, and fourth rotating wheels, and the outer side of the connecting holes in the middle parts of the first, second, third, and fourth rotating wheels is also provided with limiting plates that facilitate fixing with bolts.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer wall of the housing is also provided with a first cam, a second cam, and a third cam, and the first cam, the second cam, and the third cam are arranged in a circumferential array on the four outer walls of the housing; The first cam is located on one side below the first rotating wheel, the second cam is located on one side below the first cam, and the third cam is located on the other side below the first rotating wheel.

[0011] Furthermore, the first, second, third, and fourth rotating wheels are arranged on the four outer walls of the housing according to a clockwise gravity gradient. The arrangement of the clockwise gravity gradient distribution on the four outer walls of the shell is specifically as follows: the first, second, third, and fourth rotating wheels are arranged in order of the magnitude of each rotating wheel's gravity, and the gravity ratio of the first, second, third, and fourth rotating wheels is 6:5.7:5.4:5.1.

[0012] Furthermore, in the first, second, third, and fourth rotating wheels, the fiber rolls placed on each rotating wheel have the same weight.

[0013] Furthermore, four protruding side extension rods are provided on the other side of the housing; a circular turntable is installed at the outer end of each side extension rod; a limit mechanism is connected above and below the turntable. The limiting mechanism includes: a fourth cam, a limiting cylinder, a limiting component, and a fixing plate; The fourth cam is fixed to the housing by a square plate and bolts, and a matching bearing is also provided on the square plate. The fourth cam is connected to the shaft in the middle of the bearing. A mounting base is provided above the side extension rod, and a limiting component is connected to the mounting base. A hollow square limiting cylinder is provided at the bottom of the limiting component. Two symmetrical bases are provided on one side above the side connecting plate. A motor is installed in the base. The output end of the motor is connected to a rotatable roller via a connecting belt. The roller is tangent to the turntable above. The fixing plate is located on the other side of the second connecting plate, and a square frame plate is also provided above the fixing plate; a limiting member is installed on each outer side of the frame plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the limiting component includes: a mounting plate, a connecting column, a rotating rod, an extension protrusion, and a limiting wheel; The top of the mounting plate is provided with a circular through hole, the through hole is provided with internal threads, and a rotating rod is connected to the through hole by the internal threads. An adjusting wheel is provided above the rotating rod, and the bottom of the rotating rod is limited at the bottom of the mounting plate by two limiting plates. Circular connecting posts are provided on both sides of the middle part of the mounting plate, and a limiting wheel is provided at the bottom extension end of the mounting plate by a rotating rod. The limiting wheels of the four limiting components are tangentially positioned to the outer wall of the hydrogen storage tank in the middle of the insertion wheel.

[0015] Furthermore, four outwardly inclined inner extension rods are provided on the outside of the first drive motor inside the housing, and each inner extension rod is equipped with an application member at its end; The applying component includes: a connecting frame, a contact cylinder, a limiting groove, a limiting spring, and a connecting protrusion; The connecting protrusion is connected to the end of the inner extension rod; a connecting frame is provided above the connecting protrusion, and limit grooves are provided on both inner ends of the connecting frame, limit springs are provided in the limit grooves, and contact cylinders are provided tangentially at the top of the limit springs. The contact cylinders of the four directional elements are arranged tangentially to the outer wall of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0016] This invention also proposes a winding process for manufacturing ultra-large aspect ratio hydrogen storage tank bodies, the method comprising the following steps: Step S100: Embed one end of the hydrogen storage tank body into the hollow cylinder of the shell, so that the body passes through the interior of the shell; pass the other end of the body through the middle of the frame plate above the fixing plate, and use the limiting wheels of the four limiting members to circumferentially limit and support the outer wall of the body; place fiber rolls on the first, second, third and fourth rotating wheels of the four unwinding mechanisms respectively, and pass the free end of the fiber strip through the corresponding first cam, the second cam, the third cam and the limiting cylinder in sequence, and finally guide it to the starting winding position on the outer wall of the hydrogen storage tank body; Step S200: Start the first drive motor. The transmission wheel at the output end drives the cylinder inserted into one side of the inner shell of the first side connecting plate through the transmission belt, causing the shell to rotate around the axis of the hydrogen storage tank. Simultaneously start the motor on the second side connecting plate to drive the roller to rotate. The roller is tangential to the turntable to assist in driving the shell to rotate smoothly. Step S300: Start the second drive motors on the four inner walls of the housing to drive the first, second, third, and fourth rotating wheels to rotate and unwind at a set speed. The four rotating wheels revolve with the housing according to a set gravity gradient. When the heaviest first rotating wheel rotates to the lower half, its gravitational potential energy is the greatest. The first drive motor provides additional thrust to help the first rotating wheel rotate to the upper half, thereby periodically reducing the motor load. The fiber strips released from each rotating wheel are guided by each cam and subjected to a certain tension. They converge at the limiting cylinder and are guided to the outer wall of the hydrogen storage tank. As the housing rotates, the fiber strips begin to wind around the outer wall of the tank at a set angle. Step S400: During the rotation of the shell, the contact cylinders of the four outwardly inclined directional members continuously apply an outward axial force to the outer wall of the hydrogen storage tank under the action of the limiting spring; through this axial force, the hydrogen storage tank can overcome the friction of the limiting members while winding the fiber tape, and smoothly move axially away from the shell, so as to achieve continuous coverage of the winding trajectory in the length direction of the cylinder. Step S500, repeat steps S300 and S400 until the fiber tape is uniformly and densely wound within the set length range of the hydrogen storage tank body; then, stop the second drive motor, the first drive motor and the auxiliary motor in sequence to complete the winding operation.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention, by setting up a first, second, third, and fourth rotating wheel with a specific gravity gradient distribution, enables these four rotating wheels to convert and utilize their own gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy during rotation. Because the four rotating wheels have different weights, they generate differentiated centrifugal forces during rotation. When the heaviest rotating wheel rotates to the lower half, its gravitational potential energy is at its maximum. The first drive motor only needs to provide a small additional thrust to help it overcome the peak potential energy and rotate to the upper half, thereby significantly reducing the peak load on the first drive motor during the rotation cycle and improving the motor's operational stability and service life.

[0018] 2. This invention employs four outwardly inclined guiding members within the housing. As the housing rotates, the contact cylinders of these guiding members continuously apply an outward axial force to the outer wall of the hydrogen storage tank. This axial force, in conjunction with the winding action, allows the tank to spontaneously and smoothly undergo a slight outward displacement as the fiber tape begins winding from the outside of the fixed plate. This achieves linkage between the winding process and the axial feed of the tank, eliminating the need for a complex independent linear drive system. This significantly improves the continuity and efficiency of the winding process and ensures the uniformity and density of the winding layer.

[0019] 3. The present invention, through the above-mentioned integrated winding process, organically combines gravity gradient driven periodic unloading, cylinder self-movement winding guided by the directional component, and synchronous rotation driven by the main and auxiliary components to form a continuous, automatic and collaborative manufacturing process; it avoids the complex links of frequent equipment start-up and shutdown and multi-axis independent programming and debugging in traditional winding, and realizes the integrated operation of the entire process from clamping, winding to axial laying, which significantly improves the continuity of operation, product consistency and overall production efficiency of the manufacturing of ultra-large length-to-diameter hydrogen storage tank cylinders. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 3 .

[0024] Figure 4This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the first rotating wheel of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a half-section of the housing of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a half-section of the first side connecting plate of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting component of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the application element of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the application member of the present invention.

[0030] The components and their numbers in the diagram are as follows: 1. Load-bearing plate; 101. First side connecting plate; 102. Second side connecting plate; 2. First drive motor; 3. Hydrogen storage tank body; 4. Transmission belt; 401. Transmission wheel; 5. Housing; 5. First cam; 501. Second cam; 502. Third cam; 503. Fourth cam; 504. Side extension rod; 505. Limiting cylinder; 506. Second drive motor; 507. Second drive motor output shaft; 5071. Inner extension rod; 508. Directional component; 509. Connecting frame; 5091. Contact cylinder; 5092. Limiting groove; 5093. Limiting spring; 5094. Connecting protrusion; 5095. First rotating wheel; 6. Second rotating wheel; 601. Third rotating wheel; 602. Fourth rotating wheel; 603. Limiting plate; 604. Limiting component; 7. Mounting plate; 701. Connecting column; 702. Rotating rod; 703. Extension protrusion; 704. Limiting wheel; 705. Turntable; 8. Roller; 801. Fixing plate; 9. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0035] Example 1 Please see Figures 1 to 9 This embodiment describes in detail a winding device for manufacturing hydrogen storage tank bodies with ultra-large length-to-diameter ratios; it includes a load-bearing plate 1, a first side connecting plate 101, a second side connecting plate 102, a first drive motor 2, a housing 5, an unwinding mechanism, a limiting mechanism, and a hydrogen storage tank body 3 to be processed.

[0036] The load-bearing plate 1 serves as the basic support platform for the equipment. A first side connecting plate 101 and a second side connecting plate 102 are fixedly connected to the upper two sides of the load-bearing plate 1 by bolts. A first drive motor 2 is located on one side of the first side connecting plate 101. A circular through-groove is provided in the middle of the first side connecting plate 101. A circular protruding hollow cylinder is provided on one side of the housing 5. The housing 5 is embedded in the circular through-groove of the first side connecting plate 101 through the hollow cylinder and can rotate relative to the first side connecting plate 101. A transmission wheel 401 is provided at the output end of the first drive motor 2. A transmission belt 4 is provided in the groove in the middle of the first side connecting plate 101, and the lower part of the transmission belt 4 is sleeved with the transmission wheel 401. When the first drive motor 2 is started, the transmission wheel 401 drives the first side connecting plate 101 and the housing 5 connected to it to rotate around their own axis through the transmission belt 4.

[0037] In this embodiment, the outer wall of the housing 5 includes four shell surfaces; each shell surface is provided with an unwinding mechanism; the unwinding mechanism includes a first rotating wheel 6, a second rotating wheel 601, a third rotating wheel 602, a fourth rotating wheel 603, and a second drive motor 507; the first rotating wheel 6, the second rotating wheel 601, the third rotating wheel 602, and the fourth rotating wheel 603 are all provided with through connecting holes in their middle parts; the four second drive motors 507 are respectively fixed to the four inner walls of the housing 5 by motor mounting seats; the output shaft of each second drive motor 507 (second drive motor output shaft 5071) is respectively embedded in the connecting hole in the middle of the corresponding rotating wheel and can drive the rotating wheel to rotate; a limiting piece 604 is provided on the outside of the connecting hole to facilitate fixing with bolts, which is used to lock the rotating wheel and the output shaft.

[0038] In this embodiment, the first rotating wheel 6, the second rotating wheel 601, the third rotating wheel 602, and the fourth rotating wheel 603 are distributed clockwise on the four outer walls of the housing 5 and arranged in order of gravity magnitude; the specific gravity ratio is: first rotating wheel 6 : second rotating wheel 601 : third rotating wheel 602 : fourth rotating wheel 603 = 6 : 5.7 : 5.4 : 5.1; the fiber rolls placed on these four rotating wheels have the same weight, so the weight difference of the rotating wheels themselves determines the distribution of the gravity gradient; when the housing 5 rotates, the four rotating wheels with different weights generate differentiated centrifugal forces; when the heaviest first rotating wheel 6 rotates to the lower half, the gravitational potential energy of the first rotating wheel 6 is at its maximum; at this time, the first drive motor 2 only needs to supplement a small thrust to help the first rotating wheel 6 overcome the potential energy peak and rotate to the upper half, thereby significantly reducing the peak load of the first drive motor 2 during the rotation cycle.

[0039] It should be noted that the first drive motor 2 drives the housing 5 to rotate uniformly around the axis of the hydrogen storage tank 3. The four unevenly distributed wheels are asymmetrically distributed on the revolution circumference, causing the combined center of gravity of the housing to deviate from the center of rotation and to move in a circle around the center of rotation during the rotation process. When the heaviest first wheel 6 rotates to near the lowest point of the circumference, the gravitational potential energy of the system tends to be at its maximum. At this time, the line of action of gravity is closest to the center of rotation, and the lever arm of the generated resistance torque (or assist torque) is short, so the gravitational torque itself is not at its maximum. However, it is from this position that the first wheel 6 needs to be driven upward to overcome the gravitational potential energy, which is a critical stage with a large motor load; the present invention, through the set gravity gradient ratio (6:5.7:5.4:5.1), makes the phase of the torque of the gravitational torque components of the four wheels on the rotation axis (i.e., the effective torque that the drive motor needs to balance) cleverly staggered. When the first wheel 6 is in the upward phase that needs to overcome gravity, the relatively lighter other wheels may be in the downward phase of gravity-assisted drive. Therefore, the gravitational torques of the four wheels partially cancel each other out in time, which greatly smooths the total load torque curve required by the drive motor and avoids severe periodic torque shocks.

[0040] Specifically, the physical essence of the aforementioned "first drive motor 2 only needs to supplement a small thrust" is that, for most of the rotation cycle, the gravitational torque of the housing is a beneficial aid to the drive process. Only during extremely short phases when the gravitational torque is insufficient or reversed is the motor required to provide net positive torque. By optimizing the gravity distribution, the timing and magnitude of the periods requiring the motor to output maximum torque are controlled at a low level. Therefore, the motor's operating point is always in a highly efficient and stable range, avoiding the situation in traditional symmetrical mass distribution devices where the motor needs to frequently cope with huge inertial loads and overcome the gravitational torque entirely on its own. At the same rotational speed, the centrifugal force of a larger mass wheel is indeed greater. This centrifugal force mainly manifests as a radial load on the rotating bearing. Although this increases the stress on the mechanical structure, existing bearings are fully capable of withstanding this cyclic load. The key is that the motor output torque (tangential force) is used to change the rotational kinetic energy and overcome the gravitational torque, while the centrifugal force is a radial force and does not directly consume the motor's drive power (in ideal rigid rotation). Therefore, the mass gradient design mainly optimizes the torque load, and the improvement in motor life far outweighs the additional requirements on the bearings. Furthermore, the problem of increased radial force can be easily solved by structural reinforcement (such as reinforced bearings and housings), while the improved lifespan and reduced energy consumption resulting from the stabilization of motor torque are more significant technological advancements.

[0041] Therefore, the gravity gradient distribution design of the present invention does not simply rely on "centrifugal force to counteract gravity", but rather uses the time-varying gravity torque generated by the asymmetric mass distribution to make the shell partly become the driving force during the rotation cycle, and partly cancel each other out. This transforms the load curve of the motor from severe periodic impact to smooth fluctuation, fundamentally reducing the peak torque demand and thermal load of the motor, and achieving the significant effects of extending the motor life and improving operating efficiency.

[0042] In this embodiment, each outer wall of the housing 5 is further provided with a first cam 501, a second cam 502, and a third cam 503 for guiding the fiber belt path; the first cam 501 is located on one side below the first rotating wheel 6, the second cam 502 is located on one side below the first cam 501, and the third cam 503 is located on the other side below the first rotating wheel 6. A limit mechanism is provided at the other end of the housing 5.

[0043] Specifically, four side extension rods 505 protrude outward from the other side of the housing 5; a circular turntable 8 is installed at the outer end of each side extension rod 505; a fourth cam 504 is also fixed to the housing 5 by a square plate and bolts; two symmetrical bases are provided on one side above the second side connecting plate 102, and a motor is configured in the base; the output end of the motor is connected to a rotatable roller 801 through a connecting belt, and the upper part of the roller 801 is tangential to the turntable 8, which can assist in driving the housing 5 to rotate.

[0044] In this embodiment, a fixing plate 9 is provided on the other side of the second connecting plate 102; a square frame plate is provided above the fixing plate 9; a limiting member 7 is installed on each outer side of the frame plate; the limiting member 7 includes a mounting plate 701, a connecting post 702, a rotating rod 703, an extension protrusion 704, and a limiting wheel 705; the top of the mounting plate 701 is provided with a through hole with internal threads, and the rotating rod 703 is threaded into the through hole; the bottom of the rotating rod 703 is limited at the bottom of the mounting plate 701 by two limiting plates, and the top of the rotating rod 703 is provided with an adjusting wheel; the mounting plate 701 is connected to the frame plate through the connecting post 702; the bottom extension end of the mounting plate 701 is equipped with a limiting wheel 705 through a rotating rod; the limiting wheels 705 of the four limiting members 7 are tangentially arranged with the outer wall of the inserted hydrogen storage tank body 3, thereby realizing circumferential limiting and support of the hydrogen storage tank body 3.

[0045] In this embodiment, inside the housing 5, outside the first drive motor 2, four outwardly inclined inner extension rods 508 are also provided; each inner extension rod 508 has an application member 509 installed at its rod end; the application member 509 includes: a connecting frame 5091, a contact cylinder 5092, a limiting groove 5093, a limiting spring 5094, and a connecting protrusion 5095; the connecting protrusion 5095 is connected to the rod end of the inner extension rod 508; the connecting frame 5091 is provided above the connecting protrusion 5095; the inner ends of both sides of the connecting frame 5091 are provided with limiting grooves 5093, the limiting grooves 5093 are provided with limiting springs 5094, and the top of the limiting springs 5094 is tangentially provided with contact cylinders 5092; under the action of the limiting springs 5094, the contact cylinders 5092 of the four application members 509 are tangentially arranged outwardly with the outer wall of the hydrogen storage tank body 3.

[0046] Specifically, during the winding operation, one end of the hydrogen storage tank body 3 is embedded in the hollow cylinder of the shell 5, and the other end passes through the frame plate of the fixing plate 9 and is limited by four limiting members 7; when the shell 5 rotates, the contact cylinders 5092 of the four directional members 509 continuously apply an outward axial force to the outer wall of the hydrogen storage tank body 3; this axial force enables the hydrogen storage tank body 3 to overcome the friction of the limiting wheel 705 and smoothly move axially away from the shell 5 while winding the fiber tape.

[0047] It should be noted that during the rotation of the shell, the contact cylinders of the four outwardly inclined directional components maintain elastic pressure contact with the outer wall of the hydrogen storage tank under the preload of the limiting springs. Since the directional components are installed via inclined inner extension rods, the pressure force exerted by the contact cylinders on the outer wall of the tank is inclined. This inclined pressure force can be decomposed into a radial component perpendicular to the tank axis and an axial component parallel to the tank axis. The radial component is used to maintain contact and balance part of the radial load, while the axial component points directly in the direction where the tank is desired to move. More importantly, when the shell drives the directional components to revolve, the contact cylinders and the rotating... Circumferential friction is generated between the outer walls of the rotating cylinder; this circumferential friction acts along the inclined contact direction and is continuously converted into a thrust that propels the hydrogen storage tank cylinder to move along its axial direction; the four directional components are evenly distributed on the circumference, so that the combined axial thrust is continuous and stable at any time, and the radial components of the four directional components cancel each other out, so as not to cause the cylinder to wobble; this continuous and stable axial thrust overcomes the frictional resistance generated by the limiting components, and drives the hydrogen storage tank cylinder to spontaneously and smoothly generate axial displacement away from the shell, thereby realizing automatic and continuous coverage of the winding trajectory along the length of the cylinder.

[0048] Example 2 This embodiment describes a winding process for manufacturing ultra-large aspect ratio hydrogen storage tank bodies using the winding equipment of Embodiment 1; the process includes the following steps: Step S100: Embed one end of the hydrogen storage tank body into the hollow cylinder of the shell, so that the body passes through the interior of the shell; pass the other end of the body through the middle of the frame plate above the fixing plate, and use the limiting wheels of the four limiting members to circumferentially limit and support the outer wall of the body; place fiber rolls on the first, second, third and fourth rotating wheels of the four unwinding mechanisms respectively, and pass the free end of the fiber strip through the corresponding first cam, the second cam, the third cam and the limiting cylinder in sequence, and finally guide it to the starting winding position on the outer wall of the hydrogen storage tank body; Step S200: Start the first drive motor. The transmission wheel at the output end drives the cylinder inserted into one side of the inner shell of the first side connecting plate through the transmission belt, causing the shell to rotate around the axis of the hydrogen storage tank. Simultaneously start the motor on the second side connecting plate to drive the roller to rotate. The roller is tangential to the turntable to assist in driving the shell to rotate smoothly. Step S300: Start the second drive motors on the four inner walls of the housing to drive the first, second, third, and fourth rotating wheels to rotate and unwind at a set speed. The four rotating wheels revolve with the housing according to a set gravity gradient. When the heaviest first rotating wheel rotates to the lower half, its gravitational potential energy is the greatest. The first drive motor provides additional thrust to help the first rotating wheel rotate to the upper half, thereby periodically reducing the motor load. The fiber strips released from each rotating wheel are guided by each cam and subjected to a certain tension. They converge at the limiting cylinder and are guided to the outer wall of the hydrogen storage tank. As the housing rotates, the fiber strips begin to wind around the outer wall of the tank at a set angle. Step S400: During the rotation of the shell, the contact cylinders of the four outwardly inclined directional members continuously apply an outward axial force to the outer wall of the hydrogen storage tank under the action of the limiting spring; through this axial force, the hydrogen storage tank can overcome the friction of the limiting members while winding the fiber tape, and smoothly move axially away from the shell, so as to achieve continuous coverage of the winding trajectory in the length direction of the cylinder. Step S500, repeat steps S300 and S400 until the fiber tape is uniformly and densely wound within the set length range of the hydrogen storage tank body; then, stop the second drive motor, the first drive motor and the auxiliary motor in sequence to complete the winding operation.

[0049] It should be noted that, in this invention, the material used for winding is a fiber-reinforced composite material tape suitable for high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks, such as carbon fiber prepreg tape or glass fiber tape. This material tape has the characteristics of high strength, lightweight, and fatigue resistance. Through the winding and subsequent curing process of the equipment of this invention, a uniform and dense reinforcing layer can be formed on the outer wall of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0050] In summary, this invention, through the specific equipment structure of Embodiment 1 and the automated process of Embodiment 2, achieves efficient, high-quality, and low-load winding of hydrogen storage tank bodies with ultra-large aspect ratios.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A winding device for manufacturing ultra-large aspect ratio hydrogen storage tank bodies, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a load-bearing plate, a first side connecting plate, a second side connecting plate, a first drive motor, a housing, an unwinding mechanism, a limiting mechanism, and a hydrogen storage tank. The load-bearing plate has a first side connecting plate and a second side connecting plate connected to its upper sides respectively. The first drive motor is located on one side of the first side connecting plate. A circular protruding hollow cylinder is provided on one side of the housing, and a circular through-groove is provided in the center of the upper part of the first side connecting plate, with the hollow cylinder embedded in the through-groove. Unwinding mechanisms are provided on all four shell surfaces of the housing. A limiting mechanism is provided at the other end of the housing. One side of the hydrogen storage tank is embedded in the hollow cylinder on the housing, and the other side of the hydrogen storage tank is limited by the limiting mechanism.

2. The winding equipment for manufacturing ultra-large aspect ratio hydrogen storage tank bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper two sides of the load-bearing plate are fixedly connected to the first side connecting plate and the second side connecting plate respectively by bolts; A groove is provided in the middle of the first side connecting plate, and a transmission belt is provided in the groove; a first drive motor is provided below the first side connecting plate, and a transmission wheel is provided at the output end of the first drive motor, and the transmission belt is sleeved with the transmission wheel below.

3. The winding equipment for manufacturing ultra-large aspect ratio hydrogen storage tank bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unwinding mechanism includes: a first rotating wheel, a second rotating wheel, a third rotating wheel, a fourth rotating wheel, and a second drive motor; The first, second, third, and fourth rotating wheels are provided with through connecting holes in their middle parts; the second drive motors are respectively mounted on the four inner walls of the housing through four motor mounting brackets, and the output shafts of the four second drive motors are respectively embedded in the connecting holes in the middle parts of the first, second, third, and fourth rotating wheels, and the outer side of the connecting holes in the middle parts of the first, second, third, and fourth rotating wheels is also provided with limiting plates that facilitate fixing with bolts.

4. The winding equipment for manufacturing ultra-large aspect ratio hydrogen storage tank bodies according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer wall of the housing is also provided with a first cam, a second cam and a third cam, and the first cam, the second cam and the third cam are arranged in a circumferential array on the four outer walls of the housing; The first cam is located on one side below the first rotating wheel, the second cam is located on one side below the first cam, and the third cam is located on the other side below the first rotating wheel.

5. The winding equipment for manufacturing ultra-large aspect ratio hydrogen storage tank bodies according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first, second, third, and fourth rotating wheels are arranged on the four outer walls of the housing according to a clockwise gravity gradient. The arrangement of the clockwise gravity gradient distribution on the four outer walls of the shell is specifically as follows: the first, second, third, and fourth rotating wheels are arranged in order of the magnitude of each rotating wheel's gravity, and the gravity ratio of the first, second, third, and fourth rotating wheels is 6:5.7:5.4:5.

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6. The winding equipment for manufacturing ultra-large aspect ratio hydrogen storage tank bodies according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the first, second, third and fourth rotating wheels, the fiber rolls placed on each rotating wheel have the same weight.

7. The winding equipment for manufacturing ultra-large aspect ratio hydrogen storage tank bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that, The other side of the housing is also provided with four protruding side extension rods; a circular turntable is installed at the outer end of each side extension rod; a limit mechanism is connected above and below the turntable. The limiting mechanism includes: a fourth cam, a limiting cylinder, a limiting component, and a fixing plate; The fourth cam is fixed to the housing by a square plate and bolts, and a matching bearing is also provided on the square plate. The fourth cam is connected to the shaft in the middle of the bearing. A mounting base is provided above the side extension rod, and a limiting component is connected to the mounting base. A hollow square limiting cylinder is provided at the bottom of the limiting component. Two symmetrical bases are provided on one side above the side connecting plate. A motor is installed in the base. The output end of the motor is connected to a rotatable roller via a connecting belt. The roller is tangent to the turntable above. The fixing plate is located on the other side of the second connecting plate, and a square frame plate is also provided above the fixing plate; a limiting member is installed on each outer side of the frame plate.

8. The winding equipment for manufacturing ultra-large aspect ratio hydrogen storage tank bodies according to claim 7, characterized in that, The limiting component includes: a mounting plate, a connecting column, a rotating rod, an extension protrusion, and a limiting wheel; The top of the mounting plate is provided with a circular through hole, the through hole is provided with internal threads, and a rotating rod is connected to the through hole by the internal threads. An adjusting wheel is provided above the rotating rod, and the bottom of the rotating rod is limited at the bottom of the mounting plate by two limiting plates. Circular connecting posts are provided on both sides of the middle part of the mounting plate, and a limiting wheel is provided at the bottom extension end of the mounting plate by a rotating rod. The limiting wheels of the four limiting components are tangentially positioned to the outer wall of the hydrogen storage tank in the middle of the insertion wheel.

9. The winding equipment for manufacturing ultra-large aspect ratio hydrogen storage tank bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side of the first drive motor inside the housing is also provided with four outwardly inclined inner extension rods, and each inner extension rod is equipped with an application member at its end. The applying component includes: a connecting frame, a contact cylinder, a limiting groove, a limiting spring, and a connecting protrusion; The connecting protrusion is connected to the end of the inner extension rod; a connecting frame is provided above the connecting protrusion, and limit grooves are provided on both inner ends of the connecting frame, limit springs are provided in the limit grooves, and contact cylinders are provided tangentially at the top of the limit springs. The contact cylinders of the four directional elements are arranged tangentially to the outer wall of the hydrogen storage tank.

10. A winding process for manufacturing ultra-large aspect ratio hydrogen storage tank bodies, characterized in that, The process utilizes the winding equipment for manufacturing ultra-large aspect ratio hydrogen storage tank bodies as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, and the method includes the following steps: Step S100: Embed one end of the hydrogen storage tank body into the hollow cylinder of the shell, so that the body passes through the interior of the shell; pass the other end of the body through the middle of the frame plate above the fixing plate, and use the limiting wheels of the four limiting members to circumferentially limit and support the outer wall of the body; place fiber rolls on the first, second, third and fourth rotating wheels of the four unwinding mechanisms respectively, and pass the free end of the fiber strip through the corresponding first cam, the second cam, the third cam and the limiting cylinder in sequence, and finally guide it to the starting winding position on the outer wall of the hydrogen storage tank body; Step S200: Start the first drive motor. The transmission wheel at the output end drives the cylinder inserted into one side of the inner shell of the first side connecting plate through the transmission belt, causing the shell to rotate around the axis of the hydrogen storage tank. Simultaneously start the motor on the second side connecting plate to drive the roller to rotate. The roller is tangential to the turntable to assist in driving the shell to rotate smoothly. Step S300: Start the second drive motors on the four inner walls of the housing to drive the first, second, third, and fourth rotating wheels to rotate and unwind at a set speed. The four rotating wheels revolve with the housing according to a set gravity gradient. When the heaviest first rotating wheel rotates to the lower half, its gravitational potential energy is the greatest. The first drive motor provides additional thrust to help the first rotating wheel rotate to the upper half, thereby periodically reducing the motor load. The fiber strips released from each rotating wheel are guided by each cam and subjected to a certain tension. They converge at the limiting cylinder and are guided to the outer wall of the hydrogen storage tank. As the housing rotates, the fiber strips begin to wind around the outer wall of the tank at a set angle. Step S400: During the rotation of the shell, the contact cylinders of the four outwardly inclined directional members continuously apply an outward axial force to the outer wall of the hydrogen storage tank under the action of the limiting spring; through this axial force, the hydrogen storage tank can overcome the friction of the limiting members while winding the fiber tape, and smoothly move axially away from the shell, so as to achieve continuous coverage of the winding trajectory in the length direction of the cylinder. Step S500, repeat steps S300 and S400 until the fiber tape is uniformly and densely wound within the set length range of the hydrogen storage tank body; then, stop the second drive motor, the first drive motor and the motor in sequence to complete the winding operation.

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