A constant torque anti-stuck wellbore conditioning device and method of use

Abstract

This invention discloses a constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device and its usage method. The device includes: an upper connector, a constant torque mechanism, a central tube, and a lower connector connected in sequence; a reduced diameter anti-jamming mechanism and a milling dressing mechanism installed outside the central tube; a torque transmission component of the constant torque mechanism transmits the torque from the upper connector to the central tube; a first shear pin is provided between the constant torque mechanism and the central tube, which can be sheared when the reverse torque force exceeds a set threshold; a torque setting component of the constant torque mechanism is used to set the torque under normal operating conditions; the reduced diameter anti-jamming mechanism can move up and down under the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the central tube; the first conical surface of the reduced diameter anti-jamming mechanism and the second conical surface of the milling dressing mechanism cooperate, and when the reduced diameter anti-jamming mechanism moves up and down, the protrusion of the milling dressing mechanism extends or retracts. It can set the torque, prevent drill pipe from falling off, effectively prevent stuck drill pipe, and improve the efficiency of wellbore dressing operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas drilling technology, and in particular to a constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Oil drilling typically operates in a factory-like manner, especially for unconventional oil and gas such as tight gas, coalbed methane, and shale oil. These often involve a development model characterized by "multi-layered systems, three-dimensional layouts, multiple well types, and large well clusters." This is supplemented by large-offset three-dimensional horizontal well technology, which enables the deployment of large well clusters of horizontal wells. This significantly increases the number of wells deployed on a single platform, thereby maximizing the utilization of reserves.

[0003] However, during construction operations, due to the complex and varied geological structure and the extremely uneven oil and gas reservoirs, the well trajectory becomes very complex. Some platform wells have large offsets and excessively long horizontal sections. In order to pursue the reservoir encounter rate, the trajectory needs to be adjusted significantly, which further increases torque and friction, and may even lead to drilling obstruction. In order to achieve the geological objectives, it is necessary to repeatedly circulate the well to barely resume drilling. Sometimes, even after repeated well circulation and adjustment, there are still cases where friction and torque are too high and drilling cannot proceed, so drilling has to be completed prematurely.

[0004] To reduce friction and avoid excessive torque, wellbore dressing is usually required to increase the smoothness of the wellbore. Wellbore dressing often requires the insertion of wellbore dressing tools of specific sizes, such as various milling taps and milling columns, to adjust the local curvature of the wellbore. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The inventors of this application have discovered that existing wellbore dressing tools are prone to drill pipe uncoupling when the torque is too high, leading to drill pipe detachment accidents. In addition, for wells with easily collapsible walls and complex wellbore trajectories, existing wellbore dressing tools cannot meet their wellbore dressing needs, and are prone to stuck drill accidents during wellbore dressing, which prevents the wellbore dressing tools from being successfully lowered for dressing, or from being successfully removed from the wellbore due to stuck drill.

[0006] In view of the above problems, the present invention is proposed to provide a constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device and its method of use to overcome or at least partially solve the above problems. The device is applicable to various complex wellbore environments, completes wellbore dressing, and at the same time, avoids drill pipe falling off accidents caused by excessive friction and effectively prevents stuck drill. The device is easy to operate and construct, which can ensure construction safety and reduce construction costs.

[0007] This invention provides a constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device, comprising:

[0008] The upper connector, the constant torque mechanism, the central tube and the lower connector are connected in sequence, and the diameter reduction anti-jamming mechanism and the grinding and milling dressing mechanism are installed outside the central tube;

[0009] The constant torque mechanism includes a torque transmission component and a torque setting component. The torque transmission component is installed between the upper connector and the central tube and is used to transmit the torque transmitted by the upper connector to the central tube. A first shear pin is provided between the constant torque mechanism and the central tube. The first shear pin can be cut off when the reverse torque force is greater than a set threshold. The torque setting component is nested outside the upper connector and the torque transmission component and is used to set the torque under normal working conditions.

[0010] The reduced diameter anti-jamming mechanism can move up and down under the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the central tube;

[0011] The diameter reduction anti-jamming mechanism has a first conical surface, and the milling and dressing mechanism has a second conical surface. The first and second conical surfaces cooperate, and when the diameter reduction anti-jamming mechanism moves up and down, the protrusion of the milling and dressing mechanism extends or retracts.

[0012] In some optional embodiments, the torque transmission assembly includes: an intermediate sleeve, a slider, an upper friction block, a lower friction block, and an outer sleeve;

[0013] The intermediate sleeve is installed between the upper connector and the central tube, and the outer sleeve is installed outside the intermediate sleeve, forming an annular space between them; the slider, the upper friction block, and the lower friction block are located in this annular space; the slider is located at the lower end of the intermediate sleeve, and the upper friction block is located at the lower ends of the intermediate sleeve and the slider, and the upper friction block and the lower friction block cooperate to transmit torque; the central tube and the outer sleeve are connected by a first shear pin.

[0014] In some optional embodiments, the interior of the intermediate sleeve has a stepped hole structure, with the middle section having the smallest hole diameter. The middle section is located between the upper connector and the central tube, with its lower end nested outside the central tube and its upper end nested outside the upper connector.

[0015] The slider is provided with a first step mechanism, which cooperates with the second step mechanism of the upper friction block, and the lower friction block is provided with a third step structure, which cooperates with the fourth step structure of the central tube.

[0016] In some optional embodiments, the torque setting component includes: an adjusting cap, an adjusting top sleeve, and a spring connected in sequence; the lower end of the adjusting cap abuts against the adjusting top sleeve, the adjusting top sleeve abuts against the spring, and the spring abuts against the slider; the adjusting cap is threadedly connected to the outer sleeve, and rotating the adjusting cap can adjust the compression degree of the spring to set the torque under normal operating conditions.

[0017] In some alternative embodiments, the constant torque mechanism further includes a bearing and a bearing top sleeve; the bearing and bearing top sleeve are mounted between the outer sleeve and the central tube.

[0018] In some optional embodiments, the reduced diameter anti-jamming mechanism includes: a piston nested outside the central tube, at least one cone disposed on the piston, and a cylinder liner located outside the piston and the cone, wherein an annular space is formed between the cylinder liner and the piston to accommodate the cone;

[0019] A second shearing pin is provided between the central tube and the piston, and the cone is engaged with the tapered hole of the milling and dressing mechanism;

[0020] After the second shearing pin is sheared under pressure, the piston moves downward relative to the central tube, causing the cone to exit from the cone hole, and the milling and dressing mechanism retracts.

[0021] In some alternative embodiments, the milling and dressing mechanism includes two sets of dressing components with opposite helical directions, each set of dressing components including at least two dressing units with the same helical direction.

[0022] In some alternative embodiments, the trimming unit includes a base and a milling section;

[0023] The base is nested on the cone, and the base has a protrusion that extends from the through hole of the cylinder liner; the milling part is disposed at the top of the protrusion.

[0024] This invention provides a method for using a constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device, wherein the constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device is the aforementioned constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device, and the method includes:

[0025] Adjust the constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device to the expanded state and lower the drill pipe into the wellbore;

[0026] The constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device is lowered to the predetermined milling depth position;

[0027] Start the circulation well washing, control the drill pipe to lift / lower the drill pipe, so that the constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device can dress the well wall at the predetermined milling depth position;

[0028] If obstruction is detected during the dressing process, a blocking tool is inserted into the central tube of the torque anti-jamming well dressing device;

[0029] Pressurize the drill pipe to cause the anti-jamming mechanism to move downward under the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the central tube, and the milling mechanism to retract towards the center; after the stuck drill is released, continue the operation.

[0030] After the operation is completed, the drill pipe is lowered to another predetermined milling depth position, and the process is repeated to start the circulation flushing step until the milling operation at all positions is completed.

[0031] This invention provides an application of a constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device in wellbore dressing operations.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the above-described technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0033] The constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device provided in this invention transmits torque through a torque transmission component in the constant torque mechanism. The torque setting component allows setting the torque value under normal operating conditions. When the reverse torque exceeds a certain value, the shear pin between the constant torque mechanism and the central tube is sheared off, preventing drill pipe detachment due to stuck pipe. Furthermore, the reduced diameter anti-jamming mechanism can move up and down under the action of internal and external pressure differentials. The conical surface of the reduced diameter anti-jamming mechanism engages with the conical surface of the milling dressing mechanism, allowing the protrusion of the milling dressing mechanism to extend or retract, thereby preventing the protrusion of the milling dressing mechanism from jamming with the wellbore and effectively preventing stuck pipe. This device is suitable for various complex wellbore environments, completing wellbore dressing while avoiding drill pipe detachment accidents caused by excessive friction and effectively preventing stuck pipe. The device is easy to operate and construct, ensuring construction safety while reducing construction costs.

[0034] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings.

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0036] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the expanded state of the wellbore dressing device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wellbore dressing device in its contracted state in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the intermediate sleeve in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the slider structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the friction block structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the central tube in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the piston structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a front view of the milling and dressing mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 9 This is a bottom view of the milling and dressing mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating the method of using the wellbore dressing device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0048] 1. Upper connector; 2. Torque control mechanism; 3. Central tube; 4. Lower connector; 5. Milling and finishing mechanism; 6. Diameter reduction anti-jamming mechanism;

[0049] 21. Torque transmission assembly; 22. Torque setting assembly; 23. Bearing; 24. Bearing top sleeve; 25. First shear pin;

[0050] 211. Intermediate sleeve; 212. Slider; 213. Upper friction block; 214. Lower friction block; 215. Outer sleeve; 221. Adjusting cap; 222. Adjusting top sleeve; 223. Spring;

[0051] 51. Dressing component; 52. Dressing unit; 521. Base; 522. Milling section; 523. Protrusion;

[0052] 61. Piston; 62. Cone; 63. Cylinder liner; 64. Second shear pin. Detailed Implementation

[0053] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0054] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0055] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0056] To address the problems of existing wellbore dressing tools, such as drill pipe uncoupling and subsequent drill pipe detachment accidents caused by excessive torque, and their inability to meet the dressing requirements of complex wellbores, leading to stuck drill accidents, this invention provides a constant torque anti-sticking wellbore dressing device. This multi-functional wellbore dressing tool is designed to address the friction and excessive torque caused by complex wellbore trajectories and excessively long horizontal sections. It has excellent applicability; the device can set the milling torque value according to site requirements; and when stuck, it can shrink its outer diameter to release the sticking. Furthermore, the dressing device features a double-helix milling structure, enabling bidirectional milling and dressing of the wellbore without the risk of uncoupling due to reverse torque.

[0057] This invention provides a constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes: an upper connector 1, a constant torque mechanism 2, a central tube 3 and a lower connector 4 connected in sequence, a milling and dressing mechanism 5 and a diameter reduction and anti-jamming mechanism 6 installed outside the central tube 3.

[0058] The torque setting mechanism 2 includes a torque transmission component 21 and a torque setting component 22. The torque transmission component 21 is installed between the upper connector 1 and the central tube 3 and is used to transmit the torque transmitted by the upper connector 1 to the central tube 3. A first shear pin 25 is provided between the torque setting mechanism 2 and the central tube 3. The first shear pin 25 can be cut off when the reverse torque force is greater than a set threshold. The torque setting component 22 is nested outside the upper connector 1 and the torque transmission component 21 and is used to set the torque under normal working conditions.

[0059] The diameter reduction anti-jamming mechanism 6 can move up and down under the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the central tube; the diameter reduction anti-jamming mechanism 6 is provided with a first conical surface, and the milling and trimming mechanism 5 is provided with a second conical surface. The first and second conical surfaces cooperate, and when the diameter reduction anti-jamming mechanism 6 moves up and down, the protrusion of the milling and trimming mechanism 5 extends or retracts.

[0060] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the expanded state of a constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the diameter reduction state in a constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device. In the diameter reduction state, the diameter reduction anti-jamming mechanism 6 moves down, causing the milling dressing mechanism 5 to retract, and the diameter of the entire device becomes smaller.

[0061] The aforementioned constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device transmits torque through a torque transmission component in the constant torque mechanism. The torque setting component allows setting the torque value under normal operating conditions. When the reverse torque exceeds a certain value, the shear pin between the constant torque mechanism and the central tube is sheared off, preventing drill pipe detachment due to stuck pipe. Furthermore, the reduced diameter anti-jamming mechanism can move up and down under the action of internal and external pressure differentials. The conical surface of the reduced diameter anti-jamming mechanism engages with the conical surface of the milling and dressing mechanism, allowing the protrusion of the milling and dressing mechanism to extend or retract, thus preventing the protrusion of the milling and dressing mechanism from jamming with the wellbore and effectively preventing stuck pipe. This device is suitable for various complex wellbore environments, completing wellbore dressing while preventing drill pipe detachment accidents caused by excessive friction and effectively preventing stuck pipe. The device is easy to operate and construct, ensuring construction safety while reducing construction costs.

[0062] In some optional embodiments, the torque transmission assembly 21 includes: an intermediate sleeve 211, a slider 212, an upper friction block 213, a lower friction block 214, and an outer sleeve 215; the intermediate sleeve 211 is installed between the upper connector 1 and the central tube 3, and the outer sleeve 215 is installed outside the intermediate sleeve 211, forming an annular space between the outer sleeve 215 and the intermediate sleeve 211; the slider 212, the upper friction block 213, and the lower friction block 214 are located in the annular space; the slider 212 is located at the lower end of the intermediate sleeve 211, and the upper friction block 213 is located at the lower ends of the intermediate sleeve 211 and the slider 212, and the upper friction block 213 cooperates with the lower friction block 214 to transmit torque; the central tube 3 and the outer sleeve 215 are connected by a first shear pin 25.

[0063] Optionally, the intermediate sleeve 211 has a stepped hole structure inside, with the middle section having the smallest hole diameter. The middle section is located between the upper connector 1 and the central tube 3, with its lower end nested outside the central tube 3 and its upper end nested outside the upper connector 1. The slider 212 is provided with a first step mechanism, which cooperates with the second step mechanism of the upper friction block 213. The lower friction block 214 is provided with a third step structure, which cooperates with the fourth step structure of the central tube 3.

[0064] For example, a 3D diagram of the intermediate nested 211 can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 3 As shown, it is a hollow shaft structure with a stepped hole structure inside. The diameter of the holes at both ends is larger than that of the middle part. The diameter of the upper end is adapted to the outer diameter of the lower end of the upper connector 1, and the diameter of the lower end is adapted to the outer diameter of the upper end of the central tube 3. The diameter of the middle section is the same as the inner diameter of the upper connector 1 and the central tube 3. The outer cylindrical surface of the lower end of the intermediate sleeve 211 is provided with multiple circumferentially distributed slots, such as the four shown in the figure.

[0065] For example, the three-dimensional structure of slider 212 can be seen in [reference]. Figure 4 As shown, the slider 212 is a hollow shaft structure. Its inner surface has multiple engaging surfaces that fit into the slots of the intermediate sleeve 211, enabling an insert-type connection with the intermediate sleeve 211 and allowing torque transmission. The outer cylindrical surface at the lower end of the slider 212 also has multiple circumferentially distributed slots, such as the four shown in the figure.

[0066] The three-dimensional structure of the upper friction block 213 and the lower friction block 214 can be seen for example. Figure 5 As shown, multiple protrusions are provided on one end face of its annular structure. The protrusions of the upper friction block 213 are adapted to the slots of the slider 212, and the protrusions of the lower friction block 214 are adapted to the slots on the central tube 3 to realize the transmission of torque. The torque is transmitted between the two friction blocks through friction.

[0067] For example, the three-dimensional structure of the central tube 3 can be seen in [reference]. Figure 6 As shown, its upper end can have a boss, and the boss is provided with a groove that matches the protrusion of the lower friction block.

[0068] In some optional embodiments, the torque setting component 22 includes: an adjusting cap 221, an adjusting top sleeve 222, and a spring 223 connected in sequence; the lower end of the adjusting cap 221 abuts against the adjusting top sleeve 222, the adjusting top sleeve 222 abuts against the spring 223, and the spring 223 abuts against the slider 212; the adjusting cap 221 is threadedly connected to the outer sleeve 215, and rotating the adjusting cap 221 can adjust the compression degree of the spring 223 to set the torque under normal operating conditions.

[0069] The constant torque mechanism 2 also includes a bearing 23 and a bearing top sleeve 24; the bearing 23 and bearing top sleeve 24 are installed between the outer sleeve 215 and the central tube 3. The bearing arrangement reduces rotational resistance under normal operating conditions.

[0070] The above description provides a specific structural design for a torque-fixing mechanism, including: an intermediate sleeve 211, a slider 212, an upper friction block 213, a lower friction block 214, an outer sleeve 215, an adjusting cap 221, an adjusting top sleeve 222, a spring 223, a bearing 23, a bearing top sleeve 24, and a first shear pin 25. The main function of the torque-fixing mechanism is to set the device torque. Specifically, the torque is transmitted from the upper drill pipe to the upper connector 1. The upper connector 1 transmits the torque to the intermediate sleeve 211, which in turn transmits it to the slider 212. The slider 212 then transmits the torque to the upper friction block 213, which in turn transmits it to the lower friction block 214. Finally, the lower friction block 214 transmits the torque to the central tube 3. When the drill encounters an uneven well wall, it can cause large-scale fluctuations in friction. If the counter-torque force exceeds the drill pipe's uncoupling torque, it can lead to drill pipe uncoupling and a downhole accident. The device relies on the first shear pin 25 to set the upper limit of torque. Its function is to handle abnormal working conditions. When the torque exceeds the shearing force that the first shear pin 25 can withstand, the first shear pin 25 is sheared off, thus preventing the occurrence of shackle accidents.

[0071] The torque value under normal operating conditions can be set by pressing the adjusting cap 221 against the adjusting sleeve 222, spring 223, and slider 212. The bearing 23 and bearing sleeve 24 function to reduce friction during rotation.

[0072] In some optional embodiments, the reduced diameter anti-jamming mechanism 6 includes a piston 61 nested outside the central tube 3, at least one cone 62 disposed on the piston 61, and a cylinder liner 63 located outside the piston 61 and the cone 62, with an annular space formed between the cylinder liner 63 and the piston 61 to accommodate the cone 62; a second shearing pin 64 is provided between the central tube 3 and the piston 61, and the cone 62 engages with the tapered hole of the milling and dressing mechanism 5; after the second shearing pin 64 is sheared under pressure, the piston 61 moves downward relative to the central tube 3, so that the cone 62 exits from the tapered hole, and the milling and dressing mechanism 5 retracts.

[0073] The central tube 3 is provided with a connecting hole. There are seals between the piston 61 and the central tube 3, and between the piston 61 and the cylinder liner 63. After pressure is applied to the central tube through the connecting hole, the pressure acts on the upper surface of the piston 61 through the connecting hole, causing the second shear pin between the piston 61 and the central tube 3 to be sheared, and the piston 61 moves down, thereby causing the milling mechanism to retract towards the center.

[0074] Piston 61 and cone 62 can be either separate or integral structures. For an example of an integral three-dimensional structure, see [link to example]. Figure 7As shown, the piston 61 adopts a hollow shaft structure and has multiple cones 62 on the outside. The first cone surface on the cone 62 cooperates with the second cone surface on the base 521 in the milling and dressing mechanism 5 to realize the extension or retraction of the milling part 522 of the milling and dressing mechanism 5.

[0075] Under normal operating conditions, the constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device is in its initial expansion state (see [reference]). Figure 1 As shown, in this state, the protrusion 523 and the milling part 522 are extended and can be used for milling and dressing the well wall. If the dressing device encounters a special situation, such as a stuck tool, a plugging tool can be inserted into the drill string, and then pressure can be applied into the drill string. The plugging tool will descend to the reduced diameter position of the central tube and stop descending. See [link to documentation]. Figure 2 As shown, the pressure continues, and due to the water pressure, the piston 61 moves downward, thereby driving the cone 62 to move downward, causing the milling mechanism to contract towards the center, thereby reducing the outer diameter of the dressing device, and thus releasing the milling structure from the jamming state between the milling structure and the well wall.

[0076] In some optional embodiments, the milling and dressing mechanism 5 includes two sets of dressing components 51 with opposite helical directions, each set of dressing components including at least two dressing units 52 with the same helical direction. Each dressing unit 52 includes a base 521 and a milling portion 522; the base 521 is nested on the cone 62, and the base 521 has a protrusion 523 extending from a through hole in the cylinder liner 63; the milling portion 522 is disposed at the top of the protrusion 523. The milling portion 522 may be made of cemented carbide and is welded to the outside of the protrusion 523.

[0077] For example, the structure of the milling and dressing mechanism 5 can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, taking two sets of dressing components with opposite helical directions, each set comprising two dressing units, as an example, the carbide milling part 522 is welded to the outer surface of the protrusion 523. The upper set of dressing components 51 has a forward helical structure; the lower set of dressing components 51 has a reverse helical structure, resulting in two types of helical structures. Compared with the traditional single helical structure, the double helical structure can more efficiently mill or scrape and dress the well wall.

[0078] Figure 1 and Figure 2The diagram shows a specific structure of the aforementioned constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device. One optional connection method for each component is as follows: the upper connector 1 and the intermediate sleeve 211 can be threaded together; the adjusting cap 221 and the outer sleeve 215 can be threaded together; the intermediate sleeve 211 and the slider 212 can be inserted together; the slider 212 and the upper friction block 213 can be inserted together; the lower friction block 214 and the central tube 3 can be inserted together; the cylinder liner 63 and the central tube 3 can be threaded together; the piston 61 and the cone 62 can be threaded together; the lower connector 4 and the central tube 3 can be threaded together; and the base 521 and the milling part 522 can be welded together, with the milling part 522 welded to the protrusion 523 of the base 521. Of course, other connection methods are also possible between these components.

[0079] The constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device can be lowered along with the drill pipe. Its main purpose is to solve the problem of excessive friction caused by uneven well walls in complex wellbore trajectories. All the actions of the device can be controlled at the wellhead position, and the wellbore dressing construction task can be completed without additional auxiliary tools.

[0080] The above-mentioned constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device has the following advantages:

[0081] (1) Simple and reliable operation.

[0082] The dressing device is lowered into the well by the drill pipe. Once it reaches the dressing depth, the reduced diameter well wall can be dressed by rotating or raising / lowering the drill pipe normally. There are no other complicated mechanical operations, making it simple to operate and requiring low labor intensity.

[0083] (2) Good repair effect.

[0084] Unlike conventional single-helix dressing tools, this dressing device adopts a double-helix distributed design, which results in a smoother well wall after dressing, greatly improving construction speed and efficiency, while also significantly shortening operation time and reducing operating costs.

[0085] (3) It has anti-jamming properties.

[0086] In extreme situations, such as severe wellbore deformation and device jamming, the device's diameter reduction function can be activated to reduce the outer diameter and thus unblock it. This greatly reduces the risk of downhole accidents and ensures the safety and integrity of wellbore repair operations in complex wells. This function has significant practical value and economic benefits for on-site construction.

[0087] (4) It has constant torque characteristics.

[0088] For conventional well dressing operations, downhole dressing tools typically rotate in the forward direction only, never in the reverse direction to apply force. This is because reverse rotation generates a release torque, and excessive reverse torque can cause the drill pipe to uncouple, leading to a fall and potential accident. This device, however, features a torque setting function. By setting the torque value to be less than the drill pipe's release torque, if the reverse torque exceeds the set limit, the pin will be cut off, activating the torque setting function. This ensures that sudden reverse torque is not excessive and prevents drill pipe uncoupling, significantly enhancing the safety of the operation.

[0089] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for using a constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device, the process of which is as follows: Figure 10 As shown, it includes:

[0090] Step S101: Adjust the constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device to the expanded state and lower the drill pipe into the wellbore.

[0091] Before being lowered into the wellbore, the compression of the spring can be adjusted using the adjusting cap to regulate the torque under normal operating conditions.

[0092] Step S102: The constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device is lowered to the predetermined milling depth position.

[0093] Step S103: Start the circulation well washing, control the drill pipe to lift / lower the drill pipe, so that the constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device can dress the well wall at the predetermined milling depth position.

[0094] Step S104: If obstruction is detected during the dressing process, insert a blocking tool into the central tube of the torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device.

[0095] Blocking tools include, but are not limited to, blocking balls or blocking plugs.

[0096] Step S105: Pressurize the drill pipe to make the diameter reduction anti-jamming mechanism move downward under the pressure difference inside and outside the central tube, and the milling mechanism shrinks towards the center.

[0097] After pressure is applied to the drill rod, the upper surface of the pressure piston 61 shears off the second shear pin between the piston 61 and the central tube 3, causing the piston 61 to move downward, thereby causing the milling mechanism to retract towards the center.

[0098] Step S106: After the stuck drill is released, continue the operation.

[0099] Once the stuck drill condition is detected, work can continue. During this process, the drill pipe can be lifted to release the stuck drill condition before continuing to lower the drill pipe for work.

[0100] Step S107: After the operation is completed, the drill pipe is lowered to another predetermined milling depth position, and then the process returns to continue with step S103 to perform milling operations at the next well depth position until all positions are milled.

[0101] Regarding the methods in the above embodiments, the relevant content has been described in detail in the relevant parts of the device, and will not be elaborated in detail in the method section.

[0102] The constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device and its usage method provided in this invention not only achieve the purpose of rapid milling and dressing of wellbores, but also have the function of setting torque and a certain function of preventing stuck drill bits, thereby reducing the cost of construction operations while completing the dressing task.

[0103] Below is a construction case of the aforementioned constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device.

[0104] Taking well H38-*1 as an example, in pursuit of a high drilling success rate, the trajectory of the horizontal section was frequently adjusted, resulting in a "W"-shaped trajectory. The maximum vertical depth was 2365.36m, the minimum was 2352.49m, and the maximum elevation difference was 12.87m. This led to high friction and torque in the later stages, making normal drilling impossible. Increased friction in the long open hole section made it difficult to ensure the safe and smooth running and centering of the casing string. In some horizontal wells, the casing was almost completely depleted in the later stages of the horizontal section (the last 300m), requiring repeated running and movement, which was time-consuming. Furthermore, the back-and-forth movement of the casing could cause deformation, leading to damage to the threaded connections. The proportion of high-quality casing in the horizontal section was less than 70%. In this well, conventional wellbore dressing equipment could not successfully complete the wellbore dressing.

[0105] Subsequently, during the drilling of similar horizontal wells—H38-*2 in this block, the wellbore was dressed using the constant torque anti-sticking wellbore dressing device described in this application. Field application shows that this device can greatly improve wellbore friction, reduce torque, and effectively prevent sticking during wellbore dressing. After wellbore dressing, the subsequent casing installation was also very smooth.

[0106] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the disclosed process is an example of an exemplary method. Based on design preferences, it should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the process may be rearranged without departing from the scope of this disclosure. The appended method claims provide elements of various steps in an exemplary order and are not intended to limit the scope to the specific order or hierarchy described.

[0107] In the detailed description above, various features are combined together in a single embodiment to simplify this disclosure. This approach to disclosure should not be construed as reflecting an intention that embodiments of the claimed subject matter require more features than are explicitly stated in each claim. Rather, as reflected in the appended claims, the invention is presented with fewer features than all of the features in a single disclosed embodiment. Therefore, the appended claims are hereby explicitly incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim representing a separate preferred embodiment of the invention.

[0108] The foregoing description includes examples of one or more embodiments. It is certainly impossible to describe all possible combinations of components or methods in order to describe the above embodiments, but those skilled in the art will recognize that further combinations and arrangements of the various embodiments are possible. Therefore, the embodiments described herein are intended to cover all such changes, modifications, and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, the term "comprising" as used in the specification or claims is interpreted in a manner similar to the term "including," as interpreted when used as a conjunction in the claims. Additionally, the use of any term "or" in the specification of the claims is intended to mean "non-exclusive or."

Claims

1. A constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device, characterized in that, include: The upper connector, the constant torque mechanism, the central tube and the lower connector are connected in sequence, and the diameter reduction anti-jamming mechanism and the grinding and milling dressing mechanism are installed outside the central tube; The constant torque mechanism includes a torque transmission component and a torque setting component. The torque transmission component is installed between the upper connector and the central tube and is used to transmit the torque transmitted by the upper connector to the central tube. A first shear pin is provided between the constant torque mechanism and the central tube. The first shear pin can be cut off when the reverse torque force is greater than a set threshold. The torque setting component is nested outside the upper connector and the torque transmission component and is used to set the torque under normal working conditions. The reduced diameter anti-jamming mechanism can move up and down under the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the central tube; The diameter reduction anti-jamming mechanism has a first conical surface, and the milling and dressing mechanism has a second conical surface. The first and second conical surfaces cooperate, and when the diameter reduction anti-jamming mechanism moves up and down, the protrusion of the milling and dressing mechanism extends or retracts.

2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The torque transmission assembly includes: an intermediate sleeve, a slider, an upper friction block, a lower friction block, and an outer sleeve; The intermediate sleeve is installed between the upper connector and the central tube, and the outer sleeve is installed outside the intermediate sleeve, forming an annular space between them; the slider, the upper friction block, and the lower friction block are located in this annular space; the slider is located at the lower end of the intermediate sleeve, and the upper friction block is located at the lower ends of the intermediate sleeve and the slider, and the upper friction block and the lower friction block cooperate to transmit torque; the central tube and the outer sleeve are connected by a first shear pin.

3. The apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The intermediate sleeve has a stepped hole structure inside, with the middle section having the smallest hole diameter. The middle section is located between the upper connector and the central tube, with its lower end nested outside the central tube and its upper end nested outside the upper connector. The slider is provided with a first step mechanism, which cooperates with the second step mechanism of the upper friction block, and the lower friction block is provided with a third step structure, which cooperates with the fourth step structure of the central tube.

4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that, The torque setting component includes: an adjusting cap, an adjusting top sleeve, and a spring connected in sequence; the lower end of the adjusting cap abuts against the adjusting top sleeve, the adjusting top sleeve abuts against the spring, and the spring abuts against the slider; the adjusting cap is threadedly connected to the outer sleeve, and rotating the adjusting cap can adjust the compression degree of the spring to set the torque under normal operating conditions.

5. The apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The constant torque mechanism also includes a bearing and a bearing top sleeve; the bearing and bearing top sleeve are installed between the outer sleeve and the central tube.

6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The reduced diameter anti-jamming mechanism includes: a piston nested outside the central tube, at least one cone disposed on the piston, and a cylinder liner located outside the piston and the cone, wherein an annular space is formed between the cylinder liner and the piston to accommodate the cone; A second shearing pin is provided between the central tube and the piston, and the cone is engaged with the tapered hole of the milling and dressing mechanism; After the second shearing pin is sheared under pressure, the piston moves downward relative to the central tube, causing the cone to exit from the cone hole, and the milling and dressing mechanism retracts.

7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, The milling and dressing mechanism includes two sets of dressing components with opposite helical directions, and each set of dressing components includes at least two dressing units with the same helical direction.

8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, The trimming unit includes a base and a milling section; The base is nested on the cone, and the base has a protrusion that extends from the through hole of the cylinder liner; the milling part is disposed at the top of the protrusion.

9. A method of using a constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device, characterized in that, The constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device is the constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device according to any one of claims 1-8, and the method includes: Adjust the constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device to the expanded state and lower the drill pipe into the wellbore; The constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device is lowered to the predetermined milling depth position; Start the circulation well washing, control the drill pipe to lift / lower the drill pipe, so that the constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device can dress the well wall at the predetermined milling depth position; If obstruction is detected during the dressing process, a blocking tool is inserted into the central tube of the torque anti-jamming well dressing device; Pressurize the drill pipe to cause the anti-jamming mechanism to move downward under the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the central tube, and the milling mechanism to retract towards the center; after the stuck drill is released, continue the operation. After the operation is completed, the drill pipe is lowered to another predetermined milling depth position, and the process is repeated to start the circulation flushing step until the milling operation at all positions is completed.

10. The application of a constant torque anti-jamming wellbore dressing device as described in any one of claims 1-8 in wellbore dressing operations.

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