Winding fault-tolerant motor, motor stator and air car

Abstract

This invention provides a winding-tolerant motor, a motor stator, and a flying car. The motor stator includes: a stator core with multiple stator slots evenly distributed circumferentially; and a stator winding having multiple winding modules disposed within the stator slots, arranged sequentially along the circumferential direction of the stator core. These winding modules are independently configured, and each winding module has multiple winding coils, each coil wound across a stator tooth. The radius of the distribution area of ​​each winding module is 2π / N, where N is the number of winding modules, and adjacent distribution areas are connected end-to-end. The motor stator in this design exhibits low coupling between the winding coils, thereby significantly improving the motor's fault-tolerance performance and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of electric motors, and more specifically, to a winding fault-tolerant motor, a motor stator, and a flying car. Background Technology

[0002] The dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor includes two sets of three-phase windings, which can be powered by independent three-phase inverters. When one set of three-phase windings fails, the faulty winding can be isolated to ensure the normal operation of the other set of three-phase windings, thereby improving the fault tolerance of the motor.

[0003] Currently, the winding coils of the two sets of three-phase windings of a three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor are overlapped and the interphase coupling is very high. There is no physical isolation, electromagnetic isolation, or thermal isolation between the two sets of windings. This means that when one set of windings fails, the other set of windings is likely to be affected, which will result in poor fault tolerance and reduced reliability of the motor.

[0004] There is currently no effective solution to the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a winding fault-tolerant motor, a motor stator, and a flying car to solve the technical problems of poor fault tolerance and low reliability of existing three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a motor stator is provided, comprising: a stator core having a plurality of stator slots evenly distributed circumferentially; a stator winding having a plurality of winding modules disposed within the stator slots, the plurality of winding modules being sequentially distributed along the circumferential direction of the stator core, the plurality of winding modules being independently arranged, each winding module having a plurality of winding coils, each winding coil being wound across a stator tooth; wherein the arc of the distribution area of ​​each winding module is 2π / N, where N is the number of winding modules, and two adjacent distribution areas are connected end to end.

[0007] Furthermore, the mechanical angle difference between corresponding phases of two adjacent winding modules is 360° / N, where N is the number of winding modules.

[0008] Furthermore, multiple winding modules of the stator winding are all three-phase double-layer windings.

[0009] Furthermore, the number of stator slots is 24, and the stator winding includes a first winding module and a second winding module. The winding coil at the beginning of the first winding module is arranged adjacent to the winding coil at the end of the second winding module, and the winding coil at the end of the first winding module is arranged adjacent to the winding coil at the beginning of the second winding module. Among them, the U1 phase winding of the first winding module has four first winding coils arranged in series, which are wound on stator teeth 1, 2, 7 and 8 respectively. The V1 phase winding of the first winding module has four second winding coils arranged in series, which are wound on stator teeth 3, 4, 9 and 10 respectively. The W1 phase winding of the first winding module has four third winding coils arranged in series, which are wound on stator teeth 5, 6, 11 and 12 respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, the U2 phase winding of the second winding module has four fourth winding coils connected in series, which are wound on stator teeth 13, 14, 19 and 20 respectively. The V2 phase winding of the second winding module has four fifth winding coils connected in series, which are wound on stator teeth 15, 16, 21 and 22 respectively. The W2 phase winding of the second winding module has four sixth winding coils connected in series, which are wound on stator teeth 17, 18, 23 and 24 respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, the phase leads of the winding module are arranged to extend along the radial direction of the stator core.

[0012] Furthermore, an isolator is provided between two adjacent winding modules.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present invention, a winding fault-tolerant motor is provided, comprising: a motor stator, wherein the motor stator is the motor stator described above; and a motor rotor, wherein the motor rotor is sleeved outside the motor stator.

[0014] Furthermore, the winding fault-tolerant motor also includes: a data acquisition module, which is used to acquire the operating parameters of each winding module; and a control module, which is electrically connected to each winding module and the data acquisition module, and controls the energization and de-energization of each winding module according to the received operating parameters.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, a flying car is provided, the flying car including a winding fault-tolerant motor, the winding fault-tolerant motor being the winding fault-tolerant motor described above.

[0016] The stator winding of this invention comprises multiple winding modules, which are independently configured, meaning each module can be independently energized and de-energized, thus isolating faulty windings. The windings are distributed sequentially along the circumference of the stator core, with each winding module having a distribution area radius of 2π / N. Adjacent distribution areas are connected end-to-end, meaning no two winding module distribution areas overlap. Except for the winding coils at the boundary of their respective areas, the winding coils of adjacent winding modules are spatially isolated, significantly reducing the coupling between adjacent winding modules. One winding coil is wound across a single stator tooth, which helps improve the motor's torque density. The low coupling between the winding coils of the motor stator in this design greatly enhances the motor's fault tolerance and reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 This invention illustrates the assembly diagram of the motor stator and motor rotor.

[0019] Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 A top-down view;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the connection relationship of the winding coils on the stator of the motor is shown.

[0021] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0022] 1. Stator core;

[0023] 2. First winding module;

[0024] 3. Second winding module;

[0025] 4. Winding coil;

[0026] 5. Motor rotor;

[0027] 6. Permanent magnet;

[0028] 7. Phase lead-out wires. Detailed Implementation

[0029] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0032] Exemplary embodiments according to this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application is thorough and complete, and that the concept of these exemplary embodiments is fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, for clarity, the thickness of layers and regions may be exaggerated, and the same reference numerals are used to denote the same devices, and therefore their description will be omitted.

[0033] In existing technology, dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors include two sets of three-phase windings, each powered by an independent three-phase inverter. If one set of windings fails, it can be isolated to ensure the normal operation of the other set, thus improving the motor's fault tolerance. However, the winding coils of the two sets of three-phase windings overlap, resulting in high interphase coupling. There is no physical, electromagnetic, or thermal isolation between the two sets of windings. This means that when one set of windings fails, the probability of the other being affected is high, leading to poor fault tolerance and reduced reliability of the motor.

[0034] To address the technical problems of poor fault tolerance and low reliability of motors in the prior art, the present invention provides the following technical solution.

[0035] Combination Figures 1 to 3As shown, according to a specific embodiment of this application, a motor stator is provided.

[0036] Specifically, the motor stator includes a stator core 1 and stator windings. The stator core 1 has multiple stator slots evenly distributed circumferentially. The stator windings have multiple winding modules disposed within the stator slots, distributed sequentially along the circumference of the stator core 1. These winding modules are independently configured, and each winding module has multiple winding coils 4, each winding coil 4 being wound across one stator tooth. The radius of the distribution area of ​​each winding module is 2π / N, where N is the number of winding modules, and adjacent distribution areas are connected end-to-end.

[0037] In the embodiments of this application, the stator winding has multiple winding modules, which are independently configured, meaning each winding module can be independently energized and de-energized, thereby isolating faulty windings. The multiple windings are distributed sequentially along the circumference of the stator core 1, with the arc of the distribution area of ​​each winding module being 2π / N. Adjacent distribution areas are connected end-to-end, meaning the distribution areas of any two winding modules do not overlap. Except for the winding coil 4 at the boundary of the area, the winding coils 4 at other locations of adjacent winding modules are spatially isolated, thus significantly reducing the coupling between adjacent winding modules. One winding coil 4 is wound across a stator tooth, which helps to improve the torque density of the motor. The low coupling between the winding coils 4 of the motor stator in the above scheme greatly improves the fault tolerance performance and reliability of the motor.

[0038] In one exemplary embodiment of this application, the mechanical angle difference between corresponding phases of two adjacent winding modules is 360° / N, where N is the number of winding modules.

[0039] Where N is the common divisor of the number of motor slots Q and the number of motor poles P, and N≠1. The number of motor poles refers to the number of magnetic poles on the motor rotor. The more poles a motor has, the lower the speed and the greater the torque; conversely, the fewer poles a motor has, the higher the speed and the lower the torque. For example, if the number of motor slots Q is 24 and the number of motor poles P is 20, then the number of winding modules N can be 2 or 4; if the number of motor slots Q is 24 and the number of motor poles P is 16, then the number of winding modules N can be 2, 4, or 8; if the number of motor slots Q is 72 and the number of motor poles P is 60, then the number of winding modules N can be 2, 4, 6, or 12.

[0040] Specifically, taking a motor stator with two winding modules as an example, this motor stator has two winding modules. The stator slots on the stator core 1 are divided according to angular regions. The region between 0 and π on the stator core 1 is designated as the first region, and the region between π and 2π on the stator core 1 is designated as the second region. The first and second regions are connected end-to-end. The winding coil 4 in one winding module is distributed in the first region, and the winding coil 4 in the other winding module is distributed in the second region. The mechanical angle difference between the U-phase winding in the first region and the U-phase winding in the second region is 180°, the mechanical angle difference between the V-phase winding in the first region and the V-phase winding in the second region is 180°, and the mechanical angle difference between the W-phase winding in the first region and the W-phase winding in the second region is 180°.

[0041] In one exemplary embodiment of this application, multiple winding modules of the stator winding are all three-phase double-layer windings. That is, each stator slot is equipped with two winding coils 4, which results in a better sinusoidal fundamental back electromotive force, lower harmonic content, and better motor efficiency, power density, and vibration noise.

[0042] Preferably, each stator tooth on the stator core 1 is wound with a winding coil 4, that is, the stator winding is a concentrated winding, which can reduce the end length of the winding, thereby reducing the resistance loss caused by the end of the winding and improving the motor efficiency.

[0043] In one exemplary embodiment of this application, the number of stator slots is 24, and the stator winding includes a first winding module 2 and a second winding module 3. The winding coil 4 at the beginning of the first winding module 2 and the winding coil 4 at the end of the second winding module 3 are arranged adjacent to each other, and the winding coil 4 at the end of the first winding module 2 and the winding coil 4 at the beginning of the second winding module 3 are arranged adjacent to each other.

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, the U1 phase winding of the first winding module 2 has four first winding coils 4 connected in series, which are wound on stator teeth 1, 2, 7, and 8 respectively. The V1 phase winding of the first winding module 2 has four second winding coils 4 connected in series, which are wound on stator teeth 3, 4, 9, and 10 respectively. The W1 phase winding of the first winding module 2 has four third winding coils 4 connected in series, which are wound on stator teeth 5, 6, 11, and 12 respectively.

[0045] like Figure 3As shown, the U2 phase winding of the second winding module 3 has four fourth winding coils 4 connected in series, which are wound on stator teeth 13, 14, 19, and 20 respectively. The V2 phase winding of the second winding module 3 has four fifth winding coils 4 connected in series, which are wound on stator teeth 15, 16, 21, and 22 respectively. The W2 phase winding of the second winding module 3 has four sixth winding coils 4 connected in series, which are wound on stator teeth 17, 18, 23, and 24 respectively.

[0046] Depend on Figure 3 It can be seen that the winding structure of the first winding module 2 and the second winding module 3 are the same, and the part models involved in the first winding module 2 and the second winding module 3 are completely the same, which can reduce material and development costs.

[0047] Depend on Figure 3 It can be seen that the distribution area of ​​the first winding module 2 and the distribution area of ​​the second winding module 3 are connected end to end. The arc of the distribution areas of the first winding module 2 and the second winding module 3 is π. The mechanical angle difference between the U1 phase winding and the U2 phase winding is 180°, the mechanical angle difference between the V1 phase winding and the V2 phase winding is 180°, and the mechanical angle difference between the W1 phase winding and the W2 phase winding is 180°.

[0048] Depend on Figure 3 It can be seen that between the first winding module 2 and the second winding module 3, only the first winding coil 4 on tooth 1 and the sixth winding coil 4 on tooth 24 are arranged adjacent to each other, and the third winding coil 4 on tooth 12 and the fourth winding coil 4 on tooth 13 are arranged adjacent to each other. That is, for a 24-slot motor, the coupling ratio of the two winding modules is 1 / 12, which greatly realizes the physical isolation, electromagnetic isolation and thermal isolation between the first winding module 2 and the second winding module 3, significantly reduces the coupling, and greatly improves the fault tolerance and reliability of the motor.

[0049] As an alternative implementation, the number of stator slots on the stator core 1 can be set to 48 slots, 72 slots, 96 slots, etc.

[0050] In one exemplary embodiment of this application, the phase lead 7 of the winding module extends radially along the stator core 1, which helps to shorten the axial length of the stator winding and make the motor structure more compact.

[0051] In one exemplary embodiment of this application, an isolator is provided between two adjacent winding modules.

[0052] The installation of isolators reduces the coupling between two adjacent winding modules, thereby improving the fault tolerance performance of the motor.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, the stator winding has a first winding module 2 and a second winding module 3. An isolation element is provided between the first winding coil 4 on tooth 1 and the sixth winding coil 4 on tooth 24, and an isolation element is provided between the third winding coil 4 on tooth 2 and the fourth winding coil 4 on tooth 13.

[0054] For example, the insulating element may be insulating paper, insulating tape, insulating varnish, or fiberglass material to achieve physical isolation between the first winding coil 4 on tooth 1 and the sixth winding coil 4 on tooth 24, and between the third winding coil 4 on tooth 2 and the fourth winding coil 4 on tooth 13.

[0055] For example, the isolator can be an electrical isolation device, such as an isolation transformer or an opto-isolator, to achieve electrical isolation between the first winding coil 4 on tooth 1 and the sixth winding coil 4 on tooth 24, and between the third winding coil 4 on tooth 2 and the fourth winding coil 4 on tooth 13.

[0056] For example, the insulating element can be copper foil or metal mesh to reduce electromagnetic interference between the first winding coil 4 on tooth 1 and the sixth winding coil 4 on tooth 24, and between the third winding coil 4 on tooth 2 and the fourth winding coil 4 on tooth 13. Furthermore, the copper foil or metal mesh is coated with insulating varnish, thereby providing physical isolation.

[0057] According to another specific embodiment of this application, a winding fault-tolerant motor is provided.

[0058] Specifically, the winding fault-tolerant motor includes a motor stator and a motor rotor 5. The motor stator is the motor stator in the above embodiment, and the motor rotor 5 is sleeved on the outside of the motor stator.

[0059] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the motor rotor 5 is mounted outside the motor stator to increase the motor's torque density.

[0060] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, multiple permanent magnets 6 are attached to the inner wall of the motor rotor 5, and the permanent magnets 6 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the motor rotor 5. Attaching the permanent magnets 6 to the surface of the motor rotor can provide a higher magnetic field strength, thereby improving the torque and efficiency of the motor. Furthermore, the installation process of surface-mounted permanent magnets 6 is simpler, which can reduce manufacturing costs and time.

[0061] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the motor rotor 5 is mounted on the outside of the motor stator. The phase leads of the first winding module 2 and the second winding module 3 extend inward along the radial direction of the stator core 1, further reducing the radial dimension of the motor and making the motor structure more compact.

[0062] As an alternative implementation, the motor rotor 5 can be fitted inside the motor stator.

[0063] Furthermore, the winding fault-tolerant motor also includes a data acquisition module and a control module. The data acquisition module is used to acquire the operating parameters of each winding module. The control module is electrically connected to each winding module and the data acquisition module. The control module controls the power on and power off of each winding module according to the received operating parameters.

[0064] Specifically, the acquisition module may include temperature sensors, ammeters, etc. The temperature sensors detect the temperature of each winding module, and the ammeters monitor the current value of each winding module.

[0065] The control module is used to receive the working parameters collected by the acquisition module. When the monitored temperature is within the temperature threshold range and the monitored current value does not exceed the rated current value, the control module keeps each winding module energized to jointly drive the motor rotor 5 to rotate.

[0066] The control module receives the operating parameters collected by the acquisition module. When the monitored temperature exceeds the temperature threshold or the monitored current exceeds the rated current, it indicates that the corresponding winding module has failed. The control module then cuts off the power supply to the winding module to prevent the faulty winding from affecting the operation of the non-faulty winding.

[0067] According to another specific embodiment of the application, a flying car is provided, which includes a winding fault-tolerant motor, the winding fault-tolerant motor being the winding fault-tolerant motor in the above embodiment.

[0068] As can be seen from the above description, the embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

[0069] 1. The stator winding has multiple winding modules, which are independently configured, meaning each module can be independently energized and de-energized, thus isolating faulty windings. The windings are distributed sequentially along the circumference of the stator core 1. The radius of the distribution area of ​​each winding module is 2π / N. Adjacent distribution areas are connected end-to-end, meaning no two winding module distribution areas overlap. Except for the winding coil 4 at the boundary of the area, the winding coils 4 at other locations of adjacent winding modules are spatially isolated, significantly reducing the coupling between adjacent winding modules. One winding coil 4 is wound across a stator tooth, which helps improve the motor's torque density. The low coupling between the winding coils 4 of the motor stator in the above scheme greatly improves the motor's fault tolerance and reliability.

[0070] 2. The stator winding modules are all three-phase double-layer windings, that is, each stator slot is equipped with two winding coils 4. The motor has a good sinusoidal back electromotive force and low harmonic content, resulting in better motor efficiency, power density and vibration noise.

[0071] 3. Each stator tooth on the stator core 1 is wound with a winding coil 4, that is, the stator winding is a concentrated winding, which can reduce the length of the winding end, thereby reducing the resistance loss caused by the winding end and improving the motor efficiency.

[0072] 4. The winding structure of each winding module distributed on the stator core 1 is consistent, and the part models involved in the winding module are completely consistent, which can reduce material and development costs.

[0073] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0074] In addition to the above, it should be noted that the terms "one embodiment," "another embodiment," and "embodiment" used in this specification refer to specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment, which are included in at least one embodiment described in the general description of this application. The appearance of the same expression in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with any embodiment, the intention is to suggest that implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments also falls within the scope of this invention.

[0075] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0076] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A motor stator, characterized in that, include: Stator core (1), wherein multiple stator slots are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the stator core (1); The stator winding has multiple winding modules disposed in the stator slots. The multiple winding modules are distributed sequentially along the circumference of the stator core (1). The multiple winding modules are independently arranged. Each winding module has multiple winding coils (4). Each winding coil (4) is wound across a stator tooth. The radius of the distribution area of ​​each winding module is 2π / N, where N is the number of winding modules, and two adjacent distribution areas are connected end to end.

2. The motor stator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical angle difference between corresponding phases of two adjacent winding modules is 360° / N, where N is the number of winding modules.

3. The motor stator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The stator winding modules are all three-phase double-layer windings.

4. The motor stator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The number of stator slots is 24. The stator winding includes a first winding module (2) and a second winding module (3). The winding coil at the head of the first winding module (2) is arranged adjacent to the winding coil at the tail of the second winding module (3). The winding coil at the tail of the first winding module (2) is arranged adjacent to the winding coil at the head of the second winding module (3). The first winding module (2) has four first winding coils (4) connected in series in its U1 phase winding. The four first winding coils (4) are respectively wound on teeth 1, 2, 7 and 8 of the stator. The first winding module (2) has four second winding coils (4) connected in series in its V1 phase winding. The four second winding coils (4) are respectively wound on teeth 3, 4, 9 and 10 of the stator. The first winding module (2) has four third winding coils (4) connected in series in its W1 phase winding. The four third winding coils (4) are respectively wound on teeth 5, 6, 11 and 12 of the stator.

5. The motor stator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The U2 phase winding of the second winding module (3) has four fourth winding coils (4) connected in series. The four fourth winding coils (4) are respectively wound on the 13th, 14th, 19th and 20th teeth of the stator. The V2 phase winding of the second winding module (3) has four fifth winding coils (4) connected in series. The four fifth winding coils (4) are respectively wound on the 15th, 16th, 21st and 22nd teeth of the stator. The W2 phase winding of the second winding module (3) has four sixth winding coils (4) connected in series. The four sixth winding coils (4) are respectively wound on the 17th, 18th, 23rd and 24th teeth of the stator.

6. The motor stator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase lead (7) of the winding module extends along the radial direction of the stator core (1).

7. The motor stator according to claim 1, characterized in that, An isolator is provided between two adjacent winding modules.

8. A winding fault-tolerant motor, characterized in that, include: Motor stator, wherein the motor stator is the motor stator according to any one of claims 1-7; Motor rotor (5), which is sleeved on the outside of the motor stator.

9. The winding fault-tolerant motor according to claim 8, characterized in that, The winding fault-tolerant motor also includes: A data acquisition module is used to acquire the operating parameters of each winding module. A control module is electrically connected to each of the winding modules and the acquisition module. The control module controls the energization and de-energization of each of the winding modules according to the received operating parameters.

10. A flying car, the flying car comprising a winding fault-tolerant motor, characterized in that, The winding fault-tolerant motor is the winding fault-tolerant motor as described in claim 8 or 9.

Images