An active anti-condensation system and method for high-altitude wind turbines

Abstract

This invention discloses an active anti-condensation system and method for high-altitude wind turbines, relating to the field of wind turbine anti-condensation, including a fluid heat exchanger, a phase change energy storage device, and an anti-condensation module. The fluid heat exchanger collects heat from the heat source components in the wind turbine, and its outlet and inlet are connected via a heat exchange circulation pipeline. The phase change energy storage device contains a phase change material and heat absorption and heat release tubes. The heat absorption tubes are connected in series in the heat exchange circulation pipeline. The anti-condensation module is connected in series between the inlet and outlet of the heat release tube. The anti-condensation module has an anti-condensation circulation pipeline and multiple heat sinks attached to the anti-condensation circulation pipeline. The anti-condensation circulation pipeline is connected in series between the inlet and outlet of the heat release tube. The heat sinks are installed at the anti-condensation location in the wind turbine. This invention effectively solves the dual contradiction of "wasteful waste heat and high cooling consumption" in wind turbines in high-altitude areas, reducing the operating cost of wind power equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind turbine anti-condensation, and in particular to an active anti-condensation system and method for high-altitude wind turbines. Background Technology

[0002] High-altitude areas are rich in wind resources, but they also have environmental characteristics such as thin air, strong ultraviolet radiation, large diurnal temperature range, and large fluctuations in air humidity. These factors greatly increase the risk of condensation on wind turbines. Condensation occurs when the surface temperature of components is lower than the ambient dew point temperature, leading to problems such as decreased insulation performance and surface corrosion of core electrical components such as the wind turbine converter and generator, seriously affecting the stability and service life of the unit.

[0003] Currently, anti-condensation measures for wind turbines in high-altitude areas mainly rely on electric heating insulation and the installation of dehumidifiers, or dynamic control of condensation through water circulation heating. For example, Chinese patent CN103023277A discloses a control method and device for anti-condensation of a water-cooled converter. These methods all consume a large amount of electrical energy, increasing the energy consumption of the wind turbine. In fact, during operation, the generator, gearbox, converter, and other heat source components inside the wind turbine continuously generate a large amount of heat loss. To ensure these components remain within a safe operating temperature range, water-cooling or air-cooling methods are commonly used to directly expel this waste heat outside the nacelle, resulting in energy waste. Furthermore, it is worth noting that the low air density and low air pressure at high altitudes reduce the heat dissipation efficiency of the cooling system for heat source components. To meet heat dissipation demands, the energy consumption and cost of the cooling system will further increase, creating a dual contradiction of "wasteful heat and high cooling consumption." Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an active anti-condensation system and method for high-altitude wind turbines, addressing the aforementioned problems, effectively resolving the dual contradiction of "waste of waste heat and high cooling consumption" in high-altitude wind turbines, and reducing the operating cost of wind power equipment.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: an active anti-condensation system for high-altitude wind turbines, comprising a fluid heat exchanger, a phase change energy storage device, and an anti-condensation module; wherein: Fluid heat exchangers are used to collect heat from heat source components in wind turbine generators. The outlet and inlet of the fluid heat exchanger are connected through a heat exchange circulation pipeline. The phase change energy storage device contains a phase change material and heat absorption heat exchange tubes and heat release heat exchange tubes. The heat absorption heat exchange tubes are connected in series in the heat exchange circulation pipeline to provide heat energy to the phase change material. The heat release heat exchange tubes obtain heat energy from the phase change material, and an anti-condensation module is connected in series between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the heat release heat exchange tubes. The anti-condensation module has an anti-condensation circulation pipeline and multiple heat sinks attached to the anti-condensation circulation pipeline; the anti-condensation circulation pipeline is connected in series between the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the heat exchange tube; the heat sinks are installed at the anti-condensation position in the wind turbine to obtain heat energy from the anti-condensation circulation pipeline and release heat to the anti-condensation position.

[0006] Furthermore, a heat exchange circulation pump is connected in series on the heat exchange circulation pipeline; And / or heat exchange valves are connected in series on the heat exchange circulation pipeline.

[0007] Furthermore, an auxiliary heater is provided on the anti-condensation circulation pipeline, and the auxiliary heater is installed upstream of the heat sink installation position.

[0008] Furthermore, an anti-condensation circulation pump is connected in series on the anti-condensation circulation pipeline; And / or an anti-condensation valve is connected in series on the anti-condensation circulation pipeline.

[0009] Furthermore, the anti-condensation circulation pipeline has a main pipeline and branch pipelines, with the branch pipelines connected in parallel to the main pipeline; at least one heat sink is installed on the branch pipeline; and the anti-condensation valve is installed on the branch pipeline.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a controller, the energy output terminal of which is connected to the actuators on the heat exchange circulation pipeline and / or the actuators on the anti-condensation circulation pipeline.

[0011] Furthermore, a first temperature sensor is provided at each of the heat sinks; And / or the active anti-condensation system also includes an ambient temperature sensor and a humidity sensor located at each anti-condensation location; The first temperature sensor, the ambient temperature sensor, and the humidity sensor are connected to the input terminal of the controller.

[0012] Furthermore, the phase change energy storage device is equipped with a second temperature sensor for obtaining the average temperature of the phase change material, and the second temperature sensor is connected to the input terminal of the controller.

[0013] A method for utilizing the heat energy of an active anti-condensation system, comprising the following independently operable steps A1 and A2: A1: Waste heat collection cycle; including steps A11-A14; A11: The fluid heat exchanger obtains heat energy from the heat source component, the internal heat medium temperature rises, and the heat medium is transported to the heat absorption heat exchange tube in the phase change energy storage through the heat exchange circulation pipeline. A12: The heat medium releases heat to the phase change material through the heat exchange tube, and the temperature of the phase change material rises; A13: After the heat medium releases heat through the heat absorption and heat exchange tubes, its temperature decreases, and it flows back to the fluid heat exchanger through the heat exchange circulation pipeline; thus realizing the work of waste heat collection. A2: Active anti-condensation circulation; including steps A21-A25; A21: The heat medium in the heat exchange tube obtains heat energy from the phase change material and / or auxiliary heater, and its temperature rises. It then circulates in the anti-condensation circulation pipeline through the anti-condensation circulation pump. A22: When the heat medium flows to the installation position of the heat sink, it releases heat energy to the heat sink. The heat sink releases the heat energy to the anti-condensation position, causing the temperature of the anti-condensation position to rise, thus achieving the purpose of preventing condensation. A23: After the heat medium releases heat energy through the heat sink, its temperature decreases, and it flows back to the phase change energy storage device through the anti-condensation circulation pipeline; thus realizing the active anti-condensation operation.

[0014] An active anti-condensation control method for high-altitude wind turbines, applying the aforementioned thermal energy utilization method and the aforementioned active anti-condensation system, includes the following steps: B1: The controller is the control module of the wind turbine. Based on the characteristics of the phase change material, it determines the heat absorption temperature threshold T1, the heat storage temperature threshold T2, and the phase change temperature Ts of the phase change material, where T1=Ts+x; T2=Ts+y; x and y are positive numbers, and y>x. T1, T2, and Ts are then input into the controller. B2: The controller obtains the ambient temperature T at the anti-condensation location from the ambient temperature sensor, the ambient humidity RH detected by the humidity sensor, the temperature Ti on the heat sink detected by the first temperature sensor, the average temperature Tm of the phase change material detected by the second temperature sensor, and the heat source temperature T0 of the heat source component; and calculates the dew point temperature Td at the anti-condensation location based on T and RH, using the following calculation criteria: ; Where: a and b are empirical coefficients related to the temperature range; The anti-condensation temperature range [Tx, Ty] is set according to Td, where: Tx = Td + x; Ty = Td + y; x and y are positive numbers, and y > x; B3: The controller compares Tm with Ts; if Tm ≤ Ts, then proceed to step B31; otherwise, step A1 waste heat collection cycle in the described heat energy utilization method is not performed. B31: The controller compares T0 with T1 and Tm with T2; if T0 > T1 and Tm < T2, then the waste heat collection cycle of step A1 in the heat energy utilization method is performed until Tm ≥ T2 or T0 ≤ T1, then the waste heat collection cycle of step A1 is stopped; otherwise, the waste heat collection cycle of step A1 in the heat energy utilization method is not performed. B4: The controller compares T with Tx; if T≤Tx, then the active anti-condensation cycle of step A2 in the heat energy utilization method is performed until T>Ty, then the active anti-condensation cycle of step A2 is stopped; otherwise, the active anti-condensation cycle of step A2 in the heat energy utilization method is not performed. B41: In step B4, when performing the active anti-condensation cycle in step A2, if Ti≤Tx, the auxiliary heater is started to perform the active anti-condensation cycle in step A2; otherwise, the auxiliary heater is not started to perform the active anti-condensation cycle in step A2.

[0015] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention utilizes a fluid heat exchanger to recover waste heat from heat source components, and a phase change energy storage device to store thermal energy. It also provides a continuous and stable heat source for the anti-condensation module, actively releasing heat to the anti-condensation location in low-temperature environments. This effectively solves the problem of additional energy consumption required for anti-condensation operation in wind turbine units, thereby effectively resolving the dual contradiction of "waste heat and high cooling consumption" in wind turbine units in high-altitude areas and reducing the operating cost of wind power equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The present invention will be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the active anti-condensation control method; The diagram is labeled as follows: 1-Heat exchange circulation pipeline; 11-Fluid heat exchanger; 12-Heat exchange valve; 13-Heat exchange circulation pump; 2-Phase change energy storage device; 21-Heat absorption heat exchange tube; 22-Heat release heat exchange tube; 23-First temperature sensor; 3-Anti-condensation circulation pipeline; 31-Auxiliary heater; 32-Anti-condensation valve; 33-Heat radiator; 34-Anti-condensation circulation pump; 35-Second temperature sensor; 36-Main pipeline; 37-Branch pipeline; 4-Heat source component; 5-Ambient temperature sensor; 6-Humidity sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0017] In the description of this specification, it should be noted that if terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," or "outer" appear to indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use, they are only for the convenience of describing this specification and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this specification.

[0018] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal" or "vertical" in this specification does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0019] In the description of this specification, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms “set up,” “install,” “connect,” and “link” should be interpreted broadly. For example, a link can be a fixed link, a detachable link, or an integral link; it can be a mechanical link or an electrical link; it can be a direct link or an indirect link through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components.

[0020] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, an active anti-condensation system for high-altitude wind turbines includes a fluid heat exchanger 11, a phase change energy storage device 2, and an anti-condensation module; wherein: The fluid heat exchanger 11 is used to collect heat from the heat source component 4 in the wind turbine. The outlet and inlet of the fluid heat exchanger 11 are connected through the heat exchange circulation pipeline 1. The phase change energy storage device 2 contains a phase change material, a heat absorption heat exchange tube 21, and a heat release heat exchange tube 22. The heat absorption heat exchange tube 21 is connected in series on the heat exchange circulation pipeline 1 to provide heat energy to the phase change material. The heat release heat exchange tube 22 obtains heat energy from the phase change material, and an anti-condensation module is connected in series between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the heat release heat exchange tube 22. The anti-condensation module has an anti-condensation circulation pipe 3 and multiple heat sinks 33 attached to the anti-condensation circulation pipe 3. The anti-condensation circulation pipe 3 is connected in series between the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the heat exchange tube 22. The heat sinks 33 are installed in the anti-condensation position of the wind turbine, such as the position of core electrical components such as the converter, generator, and main control cabinet. The heat sinks obtain heat energy from the anti-condensation circulation pipe 3 and release the heat to the anti-condensation position, so that the released heat controls the temperature of the electrical components above the dew point temperature, thereby achieving active anti-condensation.

[0021] In this embodiment, the heat source component 4 can be a water-cooled cooling system (such as a water-cooled cooling system for cooling the converter) and / or an air-cooled cooling system in the wind turbine. If it is a water-cooled cooling system, the heat dissipation end of the water-cooled cooling system can be located inside the fluid heat exchanger 11 to exchange heat with the heat medium inside the fluid heat exchanger 11. Alternatively, a bypass valve can be set in the water-cooled cooling system to introduce high-temperature coolant into the fluid heat exchanger for heat exchange. After heat exchange, the coolant returns to the heat source component to continuously carry away heat for heat exchange, achieving the purpose of waste heat collection. If it is an air-cooled cooling system, the hot air outlet can be directed towards the fluid heat exchanger 11 or connected to the inside of the fluid heat exchanger 11 to exchange heat with the heat medium inside the fluid heat exchanger 11. This is especially true for water-cooled cooling systems, as no additional cooling energy is required to dissipate heat from the heat dissipation end of the water-cooled cooling system, effectively saving the operating cost of the wind turbine.

[0022] It is feasible. The heat medium inside the fluid heat exchanger 11 should have good antifreeze properties to adapt to high-altitude and low-temperature environments, such as an ethylene glycol aqueous solution with a freezing point of -40℃.

[0023] In this embodiment, the heat collected by the fluid heat exchanger 11 is transported to the phase change energy storage device and transferred to the phase change material. The phase change material absorbs and stores the heat, providing a stable heat source for the anti-condensation module and preventing temperature fluctuations from causing the anti-condensation function to fail.

[0024] In this embodiment, the phase change energy storage device can be covered with an insulation layer to reduce heat loss; the phase change material can be a paraffin-based composite phase change material, which has a large latent heat of phase change and good thermal stability and aging resistance, and can realize solid-liquid reversible phase change heat storage and release. The heat storage capacity of the phase change energy storage device should meet the continuous heat release requirements during the wind turbine shutdown period.

[0025] In this embodiment, the heat sink 33 can be mounted on the anti-condensation circulation pipe 3 in a patch-mount manner. It obtains heat energy from the heat medium in the anti-condensation circulation pipe 3 and then dissipates the heat at the anti-condensation location, increasing the ambient temperature there and preventing condensation, thus achieving active anti-condensation. Alternatively, fans can be placed around the heat sink to enhance heat dissipation and quickly raise the temperature at the anti-condensation location. In summary, this embodiment effectively solves the dual contradiction of "wasteful waste heat and high cooling consumption" in wind turbines at high altitudes, reducing the operating cost of wind power equipment. This is achieved by using a fluid heat exchanger 11 to obtain heat from the heat source component 4 and storing the heat in the phase change material in the phase change energy storage device 2, providing a stable heat source for the anti-condensation module and increasing the temperature at the anti-condensation location through the module, thus preventing condensation.

[0026] Example 2 Based on Example 1, further feasible implementation methods are proposed.

[0027] In one feasible implementation, a heat exchange circulation pump 13 is connected in series on the heat exchange circulation pipeline 1. The operation of the heat exchange circulation pump 13 provides energy for the flow of the heat medium in the heat exchange circulation pipeline 1, thereby promoting the supply of heat energy.

[0028] In one feasible implementation, a heat exchange valve 12 is connected in series on the heat exchange circulation pipeline 1. The heat exchange valve 12 controls whether the heat medium in the heat exchange circulation pipeline 1 flows, thereby controlling whether heat is transferred and supplied to the phase change material in the phase change energy storage device 2. If the phase change material has reached the upper limit temperature of the material or the set target temperature, the heat exchange valve 12 and the heat exchange circulation pump 13 can be closed to cut off the heat supply. If the temperature of the phase change material is lower than the upper limit temperature or the target temperature, the heat exchange valve 12 and the heat exchange circulation pump 13 can be opened to provide heat supply to the phase change material.

[0029] It should be noted that, of course, after closing the heat exchange valve 12 and the aforementioned heat exchange circulation pump 13, the heat from the heat source component 4 can be normally discharged from the engine room.

[0030] Example 3 Based on Examples 1-2, further feasible implementation methods are proposed.

[0031] In one feasible implementation, an auxiliary heater 31 is provided on the anti-condensation circulation pipeline 3. The auxiliary heater 31 is installed upstream of the heat sink 33. When the phase change material temperature is too low to raise the temperature at the anti-condensation location to the anti-condensation temperature, the auxiliary heater 31 heats the heat medium in the anti-condensation circulation pipeline 3 to ensure the effective operation of the anti-condensation function.

[0032] It is feasible that the auxiliary heater 31 can be a spiral tube electric heating tube, which is assembled on the anti-condensation circulation pipe 3.

[0033] In one feasible implementation, an anti-condensation circulation pump 34 is connected in series on the anti-condensation circulation pipeline 3. The anti-condensation circulation pump 34 works to provide energy for the flow of the heat medium in the anti-condensation circulation pipeline 3, and promotes the utilization of heat energy at the anti-condensation location.

[0034] In one feasible implementation, an anti-condensation valve 32 is connected in series on the anti-condensation circulation pipeline 3. The anti-condensation valve 32 controls whether the heat medium in the heat exchange circulation pipeline 1 flows, thereby controlling whether heat is transferred and provided to the anti-condensation location. Specifically, if the anti-condensation location does not need to perform anti-condensation work, the anti-condensation valve 32 and the aforementioned anti-condensation circulation pump 34 can be closed to cut off the heat supply; if the anti-condensation location needs to perform anti-condensation work, the anti-condensation valve 32 and the aforementioned anti-condensation circulation pump 34 can be opened to provide heat to the anti-condensation location.

[0035] It should be noted that there are multiple anti-condensation locations in the wind turbine, and each anti-condensation location should have at least one heat sink 33. Since there are gaps between the multiple anti-condensation locations, the anti-condensation circulation pipeline 3 can be divided into a main pipeline 36 and branch pipelines 37. All branch pipelines 37 are connected in parallel to the main pipeline 36, and at least one branch pipeline 37 is arranged at each anti-condensation location, with at least one heat sink 33 installed on the branch pipeline 37. The anti-condensation valve 32 can be installed on the branch pipeline 37 to control whether the corresponding anti-condensation location is given heat energy to perform anti-condensation work.

[0036] Example 4 Based on Examples 1-3, further feasible implementation methods are proposed.

[0037] One feasible implementation also includes a controller, the energy output terminal of which is connected to the actuator on the heat exchange circulation pipeline 1 and / or the actuator on the anti-condensation circulation pipeline 3, that is, the controller controls the heat exchange circulation pump 13, the heat exchange valve 12, the auxiliary heater 31, the anti-condensation circulation pump 34 and the anti-condensation valve 32.

[0038] In one feasible implementation, each of the heat sinks 33 is provided with a first temperature sensor 23, which is connected to the input terminal of the controller. The first temperature sensor 23 is used to acquire the temperature on the heat sink 33 and transmit the temperature data to the controller. The controller determines whether to activate the auxiliary heater 31 based on the temperature data on the heat sink 33 to ensure that sufficient heat is provided to the anti-condensation position.

[0039] Of course, an ambient temperature sensor 5 and a humidity sensor 6 can also be installed at each anti-condensation location. The ambient temperature sensor 5 and the humidity sensor 6 acquire the ambient temperature and humidity at the anti-condensation location, respectively. Both the ambient temperature sensor 5 and the humidity sensor 6 are connected to the controller to transmit the ambient temperature and humidity data to the controller. The controller determines whether anti-condensation work is required based on the humidity and temperature. For example, if the humidity is too low, even if the ambient temperature is low, condensation will not occur because the humidity is too low, so anti-condensation work is not required; or if the humidity is high, but condensation will not occur because the ambient temperature is high, so anti-condensation work is also not required.

[0040] It should be noted that if the anti-condensation location in the wind turbine already has a temperature sensor and / or humidity sensor 6, the temperature sensor can be used as the ambient temperature sensor 5, and the humidity sensor 6 can be incorporated into the active anti-condensation system described in this embodiment, without the need for additional arrangement.

[0041] In one feasible implementation, the phase change energy storage device 2 is equipped with a second temperature sensor 35 for acquiring the average temperature of the phase change material. The second temperature sensor 35 is connected to the input terminal of the controller. The second temperature sensor 35 acquires the average temperature of the phase change material and transmits the average temperature data to the controller. The controller combines the heat source temperature of the heat source component with the temperature data to comprehensively determine whether to open the heat exchange valve 12 and the heat exchange circulation pump 13, that is, to determine whether to provide heat energy to the phase change material.

[0042] It should be noted that for obtaining the heat source temperature of the heat source component, the water-cooled or air-cooled cooling system of the heat source component has its own temperature sensor. This temperature sensor can be integrated into the controller to obtain the heat source temperature of the heat source component. Therefore, the controller can also be the control module of the wind turbine.

[0043] Example 5 An active anti-condensation method for high-altitude wind turbines, utilizing the aforementioned active anti-condensation system, includes the following independently operable steps A1 and A2: A1: Waste heat collection cycle; including steps A11-A14; A11: The fluid heat exchanger 11 obtains heat energy from the heat source component 4, the internal heat medium temperature rises, and the heat medium is transported to the heat absorption heat exchange tube 21 in the phase change energy storage device 2 through the heat exchange circulation pipeline 1. A12: The heat medium releases heat to the phase change material through the heat exchange tube 21, and the temperature of the phase change material rises; A13: After the heat medium releases heat through the heat absorption and heat exchange tube 21, its temperature decreases, and it flows back to the fluid heat exchanger 11 through the heat exchange circulation pipeline 1; thus realizing the work of waste heat collection. A2: Active anti-condensation circulation; including steps A21-A25; A21: The heat medium in the heat exchange tube 22 obtains heat energy from the phase change material and / or auxiliary heater, and its temperature rises. It then circulates in the anti-condensation circulation pipeline 3 through the anti-condensation circulation pump 34. A22: When the heat medium flows to the installation position of the heat sink 33, it releases heat energy to the heat sink 33. The heat sink 33 releases the heat energy to the anti-condensation position, which raises the temperature of the anti-condensation position and achieves the purpose of preventing condensation. A23: After the heat medium releases heat energy through the heat sink 33, its temperature decreases and it flows back to the phase change energy storage device 2 through the anti-condensation circulation pipeline 3; thus realizing the active anti-condensation operation.

[0044] Example 6 An active anti-condensation control method for high-altitude wind turbines, applying the thermal energy utilization method described in Example 5 and the active anti-condensation system described in Examples 1-4, is characterized by including the following steps: B1: The controller is the control module of the wind turbine. Based on the characteristics of the phase change material, it determines the heat absorption temperature threshold T1, the heat storage temperature threshold T2, and the phase change temperature Ts of the phase change material, where T1 = Ts + x; T2 = Ts + y; x and y are positive numbers, and y > x, to ensure sufficient heat absorption; and inputs T1, T2, and Ts into the controller. B2: The controller acquires the ambient temperature T at the anti-condensation location, the temperature Ti detected by the first temperature sensor 23 on the heat sink 33, the ambient humidity RH detected by the humidity sensor 6, the average temperature Tm of the phase change material detected by the second temperature sensor 35, and the heat source temperature T0 of the heat source component 4; and calculates the dew point temperature Td at the anti-condensation location based on T and RH, the calculation basis being: ; Where: a and b are empirical coefficients related to the temperature range; The anti-condensation temperature range [Tx, Ty] is set according to Td, where: Tx = Td + x; Ty = Td + y; x and y are positive numbers, and y > x; B3: The controller compares Tm with Ts; if Tm ≤ Ts, then proceed to step B31; otherwise, step A1 waste heat collection and recycling in the thermal energy utilization method described in Example 5 is not performed. B31: The controller compares T0 with T1 and Tm with T2; if T0 > T1 and Tm < T2, then the waste heat collection cycle of step A1 in the thermal energy utilization method described in Example 5 is performed until Tm ≥ T2 or T0 ≤ T1, then the waste heat collection cycle of step A1 is stopped; otherwise, the waste heat collection cycle of step A1 in the thermal energy utilization method described in Example 5 is not performed. B4: The controller compares T with Tx; if T≤Tx, then the active anti-condensation cycle of step A2 in the heat energy utilization method described in Example 5 is performed until T>Ty, then the active anti-condensation cycle of step A2 is stopped; otherwise, the active anti-condensation cycle of step A2 in the heat energy utilization method described in Example 5 is not performed. B41: In step B4, when performing the active anti-condensation cycle in step A2, if Ti≤Tx, then the auxiliary heater 31 is started to perform the active anti-condensation cycle in step A2; otherwise, the auxiliary heater 31 is not started to perform the active anti-condensation cycle in step A2.

[0045] This invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The invention extends to any new feature or combination disclosed in this specification, as well as any new method or process step or combination disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An active anti-condensation system for high-altitude wind turbines, characterized in that: It includes a fluid heat exchanger (11), a phase change energy storage device (2), and an anti-condensation module; wherein: The fluid heat exchanger (11) is used to collect the heat from the heat source component (4) in the wind turbine. The outlet and inlet of the fluid heat exchanger (11) are connected through the heat exchange circulation pipeline (1). The phase change energy storage device (2) contains a phase change material and a heat absorption heat exchange tube (21) and a heat release heat exchange tube (22); the heat absorption heat exchange tube (21) is connected in series on the heat exchange circulation pipeline (1) to provide heat energy to the phase change material; the heat release heat exchange tube (22) obtains heat energy from the phase change material, and an anti-condensation module is connected in series between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the heat release heat exchange tube (22); The anti-condensation module has an anti-condensation circulation pipe (3) and multiple heat sinks (33) attached to the anti-condensation circulation pipe (3); the anti-condensation circulation pipe (3) is connected in series between the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange tube (22); the heat sinks (33) are installed in the anti-condensation position in the wind turbine to obtain heat energy from the anti-condensation circulation pipe (3) and release heat to the anti-condensation position.

2. The active anti-condensation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat exchange circulation pump (13) is connected in series on the heat exchange circulation pipeline (1). And / or a heat exchange valve (12) is connected in series on the heat exchange circulation pipeline (1).

3. The active anti-condensation system according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: An auxiliary heater (31) is provided on the anti-condensation circulation pipeline (3), and the assembly position of the auxiliary heater (31) is located upstream of the assembly position of the heat sink (33).

4. The active anti-condensation system according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: An anti-condensation circulation pump (34) is connected in series on the anti-condensation circulation pipeline (3). And / or an anti-condensation valve (32) is connected in series on the anti-condensation circulation pipeline (3).

5. The active anti-condensation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anti-condensation circulation pipeline (3) has a main pipeline (36) and a branch pipeline (37), with the branch pipeline (37) connected in parallel to the main pipeline (36); at least one heat sink (33) is mounted on the branch pipeline (37); and an anti-condensation valve (32) is installed on the branch pipeline (37).

6. The active anti-condensation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a controller, the energy output end of which is connected to the actuator on the heat exchange circulation pipeline (1) and / or the actuator on the anti-condensation circulation pipeline (3).

7. The active anti-condensation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each of the heat sinks (33) is provided with a first temperature sensor (23); And / or the active anti-condensation system also includes an ambient temperature sensor (5) and a humidity sensor (6) located at each anti-condensation location; The first temperature sensor (23), the ambient temperature sensor (5), and the humidity sensor (6) are connected to the input terminal of the controller.

8. The active anti-condensation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The phase change energy storage device (2) is equipped with a second temperature sensor (35) for obtaining the average temperature of the phase change material. The second temperature sensor (35) is connected to the input terminal of the controller.

9. A method for utilizing the heat energy of an active anti-condensation system, employing the active anti-condensation system according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: This includes the following steps, A1 and A2, which can be performed independently: A1: Waste heat collection cycle; including steps A11-A14; A11: The fluid heat exchanger (11) obtains heat energy from the heat source component (4), the internal heat medium temperature rises, and the heat medium is transported to the heat absorption heat exchange tube (21) in the phase change energy storage device (2) through the heat exchange circulation pipeline (1). A12: The heat medium releases heat to the phase change material through the heat exchange tube (21), and the temperature of the phase change material rises; A13: After the heat medium releases heat through the heat absorption heat exchange tube (21), its temperature decreases and it flows back to the fluid heat exchanger (11) through the heat exchange circulation pipeline (1); thus realizing the work of waste heat collection. A2: Active anti-condensation circulation; including steps A21-A25; A21: The heat medium in the heat exchange tube (22) obtains heat energy from the phase change material and / or auxiliary heater and its temperature rises. It then circulates in the anti-condensation circulation pipeline (3) through the anti-condensation circulation pump (34). A22: When the heat medium flows to the installation position of the heat sink (33), it releases heat energy to the heat sink (33), and the heat sink (33) releases heat energy to the anti-condensation position, so that the temperature of the anti-condensation position rises, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing condensation. A23: After the heat medium releases heat energy through the heat sink (33), the temperature decreases and it flows back to the phase change energy storage device (2) through the anti-condensation circulation pipeline (3); Active anti-condensation measures are being implemented.

10. An active anti-condensation control method for high-altitude wind turbines, employing the thermal energy utilization method of claim 9, and the active anti-condensation system of any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: B1: The controller is the control module of the wind turbine. Based on the characteristics of the phase change material, it determines the heat absorption temperature threshold T1, the heat storage temperature threshold T2, and the phase change temperature Ts of the phase change material, where T1=Ts+x; T2=Ts+y; x and y are positive numbers, and y>x. T1, T2, and Ts are then input into the controller. B2: The controller obtains the ambient temperature T at the anti-condensation location through the ambient temperature sensor (5), the ambient humidity RH detected by the humidity sensor (6), the temperature Ti on the heat sink (33) detected by the first temperature sensor (23), the average temperature Tm of the phase change material detected by the second temperature sensor (35), and the heat source temperature T0 of the heat source component (4); and calculates the dew point temperature Td at the anti-condensation location based on T and RH, the calculation basis being: ； Where: a and b are empirical coefficients related to the temperature range; The anti-condensation temperature range [Tx, Ty] is set according to Td, where: Tx = Td + x; Ty = Td + y; x and y are positive numbers, and y > x; B3: The controller compares Tm with Ts; if Tm ≤ Ts, then proceed to step B31; otherwise, step A1 waste heat collection and recycling in the thermal energy utilization method of claim 9 is not performed. B31: The controller compares T0 with T1 and Tm with T2; if T0 > T1 and Tm < T2, then the waste heat collection cycle in step A1 of the thermal energy utilization method of claim 9 is performed until Tm ≥ T2 or T0 ≤ T1, then the waste heat collection cycle in step A1 is stopped; otherwise, the waste heat collection cycle in step A1 of the thermal energy utilization method of claim 9 is not performed. B4: The controller compares T with Tx; if T≤Tx, then the active anti-condensation cycle of step A2 in the heat energy utilization method of claim 9 is performed until T>Ty, then the active anti-condensation cycle of step A2 is stopped; otherwise, the active anti-condensation cycle of step A2 in the heat energy utilization method of claim 9 is not performed. B41: In step B4, when performing the active anti-condensation cycle in step A2, if Ti≤Tx, the auxiliary heater is started to perform the active anti-condensation cycle in step A2; otherwise, the auxiliary heater is not started to perform the active anti-condensation cycle in step A2.

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