A method and system for simulating 3D VSP seismic data acquisition

Abstract

This disclosure relates to the technical fields of physical simulation and VSP seismic exploration, and particularly to a method and system for simulating three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition. The method includes: a seismic physical model and a VSP seismic data acquisition device; wherein the seismic physical model and the VSP seismic data acquisition device are disposed in a water tank, and the seismic physical model and the data acquisition device are completely immersed in the water of the water tank; the VSP seismic data acquisition device is disposed on the detection surface and the top surface of the seismic physical model, and the top surface is perpendicular to the detection surface; the seismic physical model is disposed in the water according to a preset posture, wherein the detection surface of the seismic physical model in the preset posture is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the technical fields of physical simulation and VSP seismic exploration, and particularly to a method and system for simulating three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition. Background Technology

[0002] Oil and gas exploration refers to geological surveys, geophysical exploration, drilling activities, and other related activities conducted to identify exploration areas or determine oil and gas reserves. Oil and gas exploration is the first crucial step in oil and gas extraction, forming the foundation of oil and gas extraction engineering. Its purpose is to find and identify oil and gas resources, utilize various exploration methods to understand underground geological conditions, recognize conditions related to oil generation, storage, migration, accumulation, and preservation, comprehensively evaluate oil and gas prospects, identify favorable areas for oil and gas accumulation, locate oil and gas traps, determine the area of ​​oil and gas fields, and clarify the characteristics and production capacity of oil and gas reservoirs.

[0003] Seismic exploration and observation systems are constantly evolving with changing exploration needs. Conventional oil and gas exploration technologies can no longer meet the requirements of refined exploration, especially for structural information such as deep underground structures and small faults around wells. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure provides a method and system for simulating three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition to obtain seismic data with richer wavefield information and reduce the interference of surface factors on seismic records.

[0005] In a first aspect, this disclosure provides a system for simulating three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition, comprising:

[0006] An earthquake physical model and a VSP seismic data acquisition device are provided. The earthquake physical model and the VSP seismic data acquisition device are disposed in a water tank, and are completely submerged in the water. The VSP seismic data acquisition device is disposed on the detection surface and top surface of the earthquake physical model, with the top surface perpendicular to the detection surface. The earthquake physical model is positioned in the water according to a preset posture, wherein the detection surface of the earthquake physical model in the preset posture is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0007] In some embodiments, the VSP seismic data acquisition device includes: an excitation transducer and a receiving transducer; the excitation transducer is disposed on the detection surface of the seismic physical model, and the receiving transducer is disposed in the exploration well of the seismic physical model;

[0008] The excitation transducer is used to simulate the excitation of seismic waves;

[0009] The receiving transducer is used to simulate receiving VSP seismic waves in an exploration well.

[0010] In some embodiments, the system further includes a pulse generator; wherein the pulse generator is connected to the excitation transducer, and the pulse generator is used to control the excitation transducer to simulate the excitation of seismic waves.

[0011] In some embodiments, the system further includes: a data acquisition card; wherein the data acquisition card is connected to the receiving transducer, and the data acquisition card is used to receive VSP seismic data acquired by the receiving transducer and to store the VSP seismic data.

[0012] In some embodiments, the system further includes a control terminal, wherein the control terminal is connected to the pulse generator and the acquisition card respectively;

[0013] The control terminal is used to send an excitation command to the pulse generator, receive the VSP seismic wave transmitted by the acquisition card, and process the VSP seismic wave to obtain an up-going wave and a down-going wave.

[0014] In some embodiments, there is a certain distance between the receiving transducer and the top surface of the seismic physical model, and the excitation transducer is able to contact the detection surface of the seismic physical model.

[0015] In some embodiments, the water level in the tank is higher than the top surface of the seismic physical model.

[0016] In some embodiments, the distance between the water level in the tank and the top surface of the seismic physical model is 0.5-2 mm.

[0017] In some embodiments, the detection surface includes multiple horizontally arranged shot lines, each shot line having multiple shot points arranged at preset intervals, and the top surface having multiple probe holes.

[0018] In a second aspect, this disclosure provides a method for simulating three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition, applied to the system for simulating three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition as described in any one of the first aspects above, the method comprising:

[0019] The VSP seismic data acquisition device of the simulated three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition system emits seismic waves at the shot point;

[0020] The VSP seismic data acquisition device of the simulated three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition system acquires VSP seismic data in the exploration well.

[0021] The VSP seismic data is processed to obtain upgoing and downgoing waves.

[0022] This disclosure provides a method and system for simulating three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition. In this embodiment, the system for simulating three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition includes: a seismic physical model and a VSP seismic data acquisition device; wherein the seismic physical model and the VSP seismic data acquisition device are disposed in a water tank, and the seismic physical model and the data acquisition device are completely submerged in the water of the tank; the VSP seismic data acquisition device is disposed on the detection surface and top surface of the seismic physical model, the top surface being perpendicular to the detection surface; the seismic physical model is disposed in the water according to a preset posture, wherein the detection surface of the seismic physical model in the preset posture is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. Through the above embodiment, three-dimensional VSP seismic exploration technology in a real-world scenario can be simulated in the laboratory, obtaining seismic data with richer wavefield information, reducing the interference of surface factors on seismic records, and providing technical support for the practical application of three-dimensional VSP seismic exploration. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The present disclosure will be described in more detail below based on embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a system for simulating three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition, provided as an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of another system for simulating three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the arrangement of shot lines and boreholes in a seismic data model provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for simulating three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition, provided as an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the uplink and downlink waveforms determined based on VSP data, provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this disclosure, and to fully understand and implement the process of how this disclosure applies technical means to solve technical problems and achieve corresponding technical effects, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, not all embodiments. The embodiments of this disclosure and the various features within them can be combined with each other without conflict, and the resulting technical solutions are all within the protection scope of this disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this disclosure without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this disclosure are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this disclosure described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0032] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0033] In this document, the term "and / or" merely describes a relationship, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Furthermore, the term "at least one" in this document means any combination of at least two of any one or more elements. For example, including at least one of A, B, and C can mean including any one or more elements selected from the set consisting of A, B, and C.

[0034] Oil and gas exploration refers to geological surveys, geophysical exploration, drilling activities, and other related activities conducted to identify exploration areas or determine oil and gas reserves. Oil and gas exploration is the first crucial step in oil and gas extraction, forming the foundation of oil and gas extraction engineering. Its purpose is to find and identify oil and gas resources, utilize various exploration methods to understand underground geological conditions, recognize conditions related to oil generation, storage, migration, accumulation, and preservation, comprehensively evaluate oil and gas prospects, identify favorable areas for oil and gas accumulation, locate oil and gas traps, determine the area of ​​oil and gas fields, and clarify the characteristics and production capacity of oil and gas reservoirs.

[0035] Seismic exploration and observation systems are constantly evolving with changing exploration needs. Conventional oil and gas exploration technologies can no longer meet the requirements of refined exploration, especially for structural information such as deep underground structures and small faults around wells.

[0036] Based on the above research, this disclosure provides a method and system for simulating three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition. In this embodiment, the system for simulating three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition includes: a seismic physical model and a VSP seismic data acquisition device; wherein the seismic physical model and the VSP seismic data acquisition device are disposed in a water tank, and the seismic physical model and the data acquisition device are completely immersed in the water of the tank; the VSP seismic data acquisition device is disposed on the detection surface and top surface of the seismic physical model, with the top surface perpendicular to the detection surface; the seismic physical model is disposed in the water according to a preset posture, wherein the detection surface of the seismic physical model in the preset posture is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. Through the above embodiment, three-dimensional VSP seismic exploration technology in a real-world scenario can be simulated in the laboratory, obtaining seismic data with richer wavefield information, reducing the interference of surface factors on seismic records, and providing technical support for the practical application of three-dimensional VSP seismic exploration.

[0037] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0038] To facilitate understanding of this embodiment, a system for simulating three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition disclosed in this disclosure will first be described in detail.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a system for simulating three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition, provided as an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 1As shown, a system for simulating three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition includes: a seismic physical model 10 and a VSP seismic data acquisition device 20; wherein, the seismic physical model and the VSP seismic data acquisition device are disposed in a water tank, and the seismic physical model and the data acquisition device are completely submerged in the water of the water tank, the VSP seismic data acquisition device is disposed on the detection surface and the top surface of the seismic physical model, the top surface being perpendicular to the detection surface; the seismic physical model is disposed in the water according to a preset posture, wherein the detection surface of the seismic physical model in the preset posture is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0041] As described above, seismic exploration observation systems continuously evolve with changing exploration needs. The emergence of VSP (Vertical Seismic Profiling) observation systems offers a new approach to improving seismic exploration resolution. Compared to conventional surface seismic data, VSP seismic data boasts advantages such as high resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio. During seismic exploration, reflection, transmission, and diffraction processes can be observed when seismic waves are generated from the hypocenter. In VSP observation systems, the hypocenter is typically horizontally distributed at the surface, while the geophones are vertically distributed underground. The geophones are closer to the target layer, enabling simultaneous reception of both ascending and descending wavefields. This largely preserves reflection information from different underground structures, resulting in richer wavefield information recorded in the VSP observation system and reducing interference from surface factors on the seismic record.

[0042] Earthquake physics modeling (EPM) is a crucial earthquake simulation method. It involves creating physical seismic models of geological structures and bodies in the laboratory according to a specific simulation similarity ratio, and then using methods such as ultrasound to simulate field seismic exploration. Currently, EPM is primarily used to simulate data acquisition, processing, and interpretation in surface seismic exploration. Only two-dimensional VSP data acquisition based on simulation technology is currently available; there are no EPM methods or systems specifically designed for three-dimensional VSP seismic exploration.

[0043] Seismic exploration observation systems have continuously evolved with changing exploration needs. The emergence of VSP (Very Specialized Seismic Spectroscopy) observation systems has provided a new approach to improving seismic exploration resolution. Compared to conventional surface seismic data, 3D VSP data offers advantages such as high resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio. This disclosed technical solution provides a method and system for simulating 3D VSP seismic exploration in the laboratory, providing technical support for the practical application of 3D VSP seismic exploration. This includes aspects such as optimization of the 3D VSP seismic exploration observation system, wavefield separation methods, optimization of processing stages, interpretation of geological anomalies, and exploration of joint exploration with surface seismic systems.

[0044] Typical seismic physics simulation experiments simulate surface seismic exploration, where the seismic source and detector are in the same plane, both above water. VSP (Vacuum-Sinking Seismic) exploration generally involves receiving signals in a well and blasting on the surface. To simulate 3D VSP exploration in seismic physics simulation experiments, certain modifications to the equipment are required. The modification approach of this disclosed technical solution involves changing the ultrasonic receiver to underwater excitation. During data acquisition, the model is rotated 90 degrees so that the surface of the seismic physics model containing the well is parallel to the water surface, while the original surface of the seismic physics model is perpendicular to the water surface and to the direction of the excitation transducer. Detailed device specifications are available in [details omitted]. Figure 1 .

[0045] In this embodiment, the system for simulating 3D VSP seismic data acquisition can be placed in a water tank, and the system is completely submerged in the water. The seismic physical model includes a probe surface and a top surface; the probe surface is the model surface where shot points are set, and the top surface is the model surface where well casings are set. Normally, the probe surface is perpendicular to the top surface. Here, it is necessary to set the top surface of the seismic physical model parallel to the horizontal plane, and the probe surface perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0046] Through the above implementation methods, three-dimensional VSP seismic exploration technology can be simulated in a laboratory setting to obtain seismic data with richer wavefield information, reduce the interference of surface factors on seismic records, and provide technical support for the practical application of three-dimensional VSP seismic exploration.

[0047] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the VSP seismic data acquisition device includes: an excitation transducer and a receiving transducer; the excitation transducer is disposed on the detection surface of the seismic physical model, and the receiving transducer is disposed on the exploration well of the seismic physical model.

[0048] Excitation transducer, used to simulate the excitation of seismic waves;

[0049] A receiving transducer is used to simulate receiving VSP seismic waves in an exploration well.

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, the VSP seismic data acquisition device includes an excitation transducer and a receiving transducer. Figure 2 As shown, the excitation ultrasonic transducer is located on the detection surface of the seismic physical model (the ground surface in actual exploration) to simulate the excitation of seismic waves; the receiving ultrasonic transducer is located on the top surface of the model (the wellbore location in actual exploration), which simulates the reception of seismic waves in the well.

[0051] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the system further includes: a pulse generator; wherein the pulse generator is connected to the excitation transducer, and the pulse generator is used to control the excitation transducer to simulate the excitation of seismic waves.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, the system also includes a pulse generator, wherein the input terminal of the pulse generator is connected to the control terminal, and the output terminal of the pulse generator is connected to the input terminal of the excitation transducer.

[0053] Specifically, the control terminal can send an excitation command to the pulse generator. After receiving the excitation command, the pulse generator transmits a pulse signal to the excitation transducer, thereby enabling the excitation transducer to transmit seismic waves at the shot point according to the pulse signal.

[0054] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the system further includes: a data acquisition card; wherein the data acquisition card is connected to the receiving transducer, and the data acquisition card is used to receive VSP seismic data acquired by the receiving transducer and to store the VSP seismic data.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, the system also includes a data acquisition card; wherein the input terminal of the data acquisition card is connected to the output terminal of the receiving transducer, and the output terminal of the data acquisition card is connected to the control terminal.

[0056] Here, the acquisition card can be set up in the laboratory. Specifically, the control unit can send an excitation command to the pulse generator. After receiving the excitation command, the pulse generator transmits a pulse signal to the excitation transducer, enabling the excitation transducer to emit seismic waves at the shot point according to the pulse signal. Next, the receiving transducer can acquire VSP seismic data in the well. Then, the receiving transducer sends the acquired VSP seismic data to the acquisition card. The acquisition card stores the VSP seismic data and periodically transmits it to the control unit, allowing the control unit to analyze the VSP seismic data and obtain the upgoing and downgoing waves.

[0057] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the system further includes a control terminal, wherein the control terminal is connected to the pulse generator and the acquisition card respectively.

[0058] The control terminal is used to send an excitation command to the pulse generator, receive the VSP seismic wave transmitted by the acquisition card, and process the VSP seismic wave to obtain an up-going wave and a down-going wave.

[0059] like Figure 2 As shown, the control terminal can be set up in the laboratory. The output terminal of the control terminal is connected to the input terminal of the pulse generator, and the input terminal of the control terminal is connected to the output terminal of the data acquisition card.

[0060] Specifically, the control unit can send an excitation command to the pulse generator. Upon receiving the excitation command, the pulse generator transmits a pulse signal to the excitation transducer, enabling the excitation transducer to emit seismic waves at the shot point based on the pulse signal. Next, the receiving transducer can acquire VSP seismic data in the well. Then, the receiving transducer sends the acquired VSP seismic data to the acquisition card. The acquisition card stores the VSP seismic data and periodically transmits it to the control unit, allowing the control unit to analyze the VSP seismic data and obtain the upgoing and downgoing waves.

[0061] In this embodiment of the disclosure, there is a certain distance between the receiving transducer and the top surface of the earthquake physical model, and the excitation transducer can contact the detection surface of the earthquake physical model.

[0062] To simulate a more realistic seismic data detection environment, the positions of the receiving transducer and the excitation transducer in the seismic physical model can be further refined, thereby obtaining more realistic seismic data.

[0063] Specifically, a certain distance can be maintained between the receiving transducer and the top surface of the seismic physical model. For example, a borehole can be set on the top surface, with a certain distance between the borehole and the top surface. For instance, the receiving transducer can be positioned 0-0.5 mm from the model surface. Then, the receiving transducer is placed in the borehole. In this embodiment, the excitation transducer can also be configured to contact the detection surface of the seismic physical model.

[0064] In addition to refining the positions of the receiving and excitation transducers in the seismic physical model, the water level in the tank can be further refined to simulate a more realistic seismic data detection environment.

[0065] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the water level in the tank can be set higher than the top surface of the seismic physical model. Specifically, the distance between the water level in the tank and the top surface of the seismic physical model is 0.5-2 mm.

[0066] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the detection surface includes multiple horizontally arranged shot lines, each shot line is provided with multiple shot points at preset intervals, and the top surface is provided with multiple probe holes.

[0067] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, multiple shot lines can be set on the detection surface, with the same distance between adjacent shot lines. Each shot line has multiple shot points, and the distance between adjacent shot points is the same. Multiple test wells can be set on the top surface, with the same distance between adjacent test wells.

[0068] This disclosed technical solution involves the acquisition of seismic data for different types of seismic physical models, including the following specific scenarios:

[0069] Scene 1:

[0070] Name of the earthquake physical model: Three-dimensional physical model of strike-slip fault core zone structure - uplift segment.

[0071] Well depth: 1800m; shot distance: 25m; number of shot points: 320; number of shot lines: 10; shot line distance: 400m; track spacing: 5m; number of receiving channels: 360.

[0072] Scene 2:

[0073] Name of the earthquake physical model: Three-dimensional physical model of strike-slip fault core zone structure - translation segment.

[0074] Well depth: 1800m; shot distance: 25m; shot distance: 320 shots; number of shot lines: 10; shot line distance: 400m; track spacing: 5m; number of receiving channels: 360.

[0075] Scene 3:

[0076] Name of the earthquake physical model: Three-dimensional physical model of strike-slip fault core zone structure - pull segment.

[0077] Well depth: 1800m; shot distance: 25m; shot distance: 320 shots; number of shot lines: 10; shot line distance: 400m; track spacing: 5m; number of receiving channels: 360.

[0078] Scene 4:

[0079] Name of the earthquake physical model: Three-dimensional physical model of core zone structure - fractured breccia zone.

[0080] Well depth: 1000m; shot distance: 25m; shot distance: 260 shots; number of shot lines: 10; shot line distance: 400m; track spacing: 5m; number of receiving channels: 200.

[0081] Scene 5:

[0082] Name of the earthquake physical model: Three-dimensional physical model of core zone structure - fracture zone.

[0083] Well depth: 1000m; shot distance: 25m; shot distance: 260 shots; number of shot lines: 10; shot line distance: 400m; track spacing: 5m; number of receiving channels: 200.

[0084] Experiments in the aforementioned scenarios demonstrate that VSP seismic data offers advantages such as high resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio compared to conventional ground seismic data. Using the technical solution disclosed herein, three-dimensional VSP seismic exploration simulations can be conducted in the laboratory, providing fundamental research for the design of three-dimensional VSP observation systems, data processing methods, and data interpretation methods. Existing seismic physical simulation data acquisition systems were modified to meet the requirements for acquiring three-dimensional VSP exploration data. Using the modified equipment, VSP data was acquired from a three-dimensional model, resulting in a set of three-dimensional VSP simulation data. Preliminary data processing and analysis revealed the separation of upgoing and downgoing waves, yielding a three-dimensional VSP imaging effect for a single well.

[0085] Example 2

[0086] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for simulating three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition, provided as an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 4 As shown, a method for simulating three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition includes:

[0087] S401. The VSP seismic data acquisition device of the simulated three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition system emits seismic waves at the shot point.

[0088] S402. The VSP seismic data acquisition device of the simulated three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition system acquires VSP seismic data in the exploration well.

[0089] S403. Perform signal processing on the VSP seismic data to obtain up-going waves and down-going waves.

[0090] In the simulated 3D VSP seismic data acquisition system provided in this embodiment, the output of the control terminal is connected to the input of the pulse generator, and the input of the control terminal is connected to the output of the acquisition card. Specifically, the control terminal can send an excitation command to the pulse generator. After receiving the excitation command, the pulse generator transmits a pulse signal to the excitation transducer, enabling the excitation transducer to emit seismic waves at the shot point according to the pulse signal. Next, the receiving transducer can acquire VSP seismic data in the well. Then, the receiving transducer sends the acquired VSP seismic data to the acquisition card. The acquisition card stores the VSP seismic data and periodically transmits the VSP seismic data to the control terminal, thereby enabling the control terminal to analyze the VSP seismic data and obtain the upgoing and downgoing waves, wherein the waveforms of the upgoing and downgoing waves are as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

[0091] In the simulated 3D VSP seismic data acquisition system provided in this embodiment, the excitation ultrasonic transducer is located on the probe surface of the model (the actual ground surface in exploration) to simulate the excitation of seismic waves; the receiving ultrasonic transducer is located on the top surface of the model (the location of the wellbore in actual exploration), simulating the reception of seismic waves in the well. In this technical solution, the seismic physical model and the VSP seismic data acquisition device are placed in a water tank, with the water level higher than the top surface of the seismic physical model (approximately 0.5-2 mm higher), the receiving transducer 0-0.5 mm from the surface of the seismic physical model, and the excitation transducer in contact with the surface of the seismic physical model.

[0092] The existing seismic physical simulation data acquisition system was modified using the ideas of this invention to meet the requirements for acquiring three-dimensional VSP exploration data. The modified equipment was used to acquire VSP data from the three-dimensional model, and a set of three-dimensional VSP simulation data was obtained. After preliminary processing and analysis of the data, the upgoing and downgoing waves could be separated, and a preliminary three-dimensional VSP imaging effect of a well was obtained.

[0093] The processing flow of each module in the device and the interaction flow between each module can be referred to the relevant descriptions in the above method embodiments, and will not be detailed here.

[0094] Example 3

[0095] The processing flow of each module in the device and the interaction flow between each module can be referred to the relevant descriptions in the above method embodiments, and will not be detailed here.

[0096] Corresponding to Figure 1 In addition to the method for simulating three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition, this disclosure also provides an electronic device 400, such as... Figure 6 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of an electronic device 400 provided in an embodiment of this disclosure, including:

[0097] The system includes a processor 41, a memory 42, and a bus 43. The memory 42 stores execution instructions and includes main memory 421 and external memory 422. The main memory 421, also called internal memory, temporarily stores the computational data in the processor 41, as well as data exchanged with external memory such as a hard disk. The processor 41 exchanges data with the external memory 422 through the main memory 421. When the electronic device 400 is running, the processor 41 communicates with the memory 42 through the bus 43, causing the processor 41 to execute the following instructions:

[0098] The VSP seismic data acquisition device of the simulated three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition system emits seismic waves at the shot point;

[0099] The VSP seismic data acquisition device of the simulated three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition system acquires VSP seismic data in the exploration well.

[0100] The VSP seismic data is processed to obtain upgoing and downgoing waves.

[0101] Example 4

[0102] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method described in the above embodiments.

[0103] In some embodiments of this example, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in the above embodiments.

[0104] In some embodiments of this example, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program / instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in the above embodiments.

[0105] The processor may include, but is not limited to, one or more processors or microprocessors. Each processor may be implemented as an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Digital Signal Processing Device (DSPD), Programmable Logic Device (PLD), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or other electronic component, for executing the methods in the above embodiments.

[0106] Computer-readable storage media can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof. Computer-readable storage media can include, but are not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, computer storage media (e.g., hard disks, floppy disks, solid-state drives, removable disks), etc. Blu-ray discs, etc.

[0107] Computer-readable storage media may also store at least one computer-executable program / instruction, such as computer-readable instructions. Computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to, volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. Volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory. Computer-readable storage media may include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc. For example, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be connected to a computing device such as a computer, and then, when the computing device executes the computer-readable instructions stored on the computer-readable storage medium, the various methods described above can be performed.

[0108] In addition, the computer device may include (but is not limited to) a data bus, an input / output (I / O) bus, a display, and input / output devices (e.g., keyboard, mouse, speakers, etc.).

[0109] The processor can communicate with external devices via the I / O bus through wired or wireless networks.

[0110] In one embodiment, the at least one computer-executable instruction may also be compiled into or comprise a software product / computer program product, wherein one or more computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor to perform the steps of the various functions and / or methods in the embodiments described herein.

[0111] In the embodiments provided in this disclosure, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can also be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this disclosure. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than those marked in the drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in a block diagram and / or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or action, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0112] It should be noted that, in this disclosure, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element limited by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0113] While the embodiments disclosed herein are as described above, the foregoing content is merely for the purpose of facilitating understanding of this disclosure and is not intended to limit this disclosure. Any person skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains may make any modifications and changes in form and detail of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure; however, the scope of patent protection of this disclosure shall still be determined by the scope defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A system for simulating three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition, characterized in that, include: An earthquake physical model and a VSP seismic data acquisition device are provided. The earthquake physical model and the VSP seismic data acquisition device are disposed in a water tank, and are completely submerged in the water. The VSP seismic data acquisition device is disposed on the detection surface and top surface of the earthquake physical model, with the top surface perpendicular to the detection surface. The earthquake physical model is positioned in the water according to a preset posture, wherein the detection surface of the earthquake physical model in the preset posture is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The VSP seismic data acquisition device includes: an excitation transducer and a receiving transducer; the excitation transducer is disposed on the detection surface of the seismic physical model, and the receiving transducer is disposed in the exploration well of the seismic physical model; The excitation transducer is used to simulate the excitation of seismic waves; The receiving transducer is used to simulate receiving VSP seismic waves in an exploration well.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The system further includes a pulse generator; wherein the pulse generator is connected to the excitation transducer, and the pulse generator is used to control the excitation transducer to simulate the excitation of seismic waves.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The system further includes: a data acquisition card; wherein the data acquisition card is connected to the receiving transducer, and the data acquisition card is used to receive VSP seismic data acquired by the receiving transducer and to store the VSP seismic data.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The system further includes a control terminal, wherein the control terminal is connected to the pulse generator and the acquisition card respectively; The control terminal is used to send an excitation command to the pulse generator, receive the VSP seismic wave transmitted by the acquisition card, and process the VSP seismic wave to obtain an up-going wave and a down-going wave.

6. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, There is a certain distance between the receiving transducer and the top surface of the earthquake physical model, and the excitation transducer can contact the detection surface of the earthquake physical model.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water level in the tank is higher than the top surface of the earthquake physical model.

8. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The distance between the water level in the tank and the top surface of the earthquake physical model is 0.5-2 mm.

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection surface includes multiple horizontally arranged shot lines, each shot line having multiple shot points arranged at preset intervals, and the top surface having multiple exploration well holes.

10. A method for simulating three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition, characterized in that, The system for simulating three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition, applied to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprises the following method: The VSP seismic data acquisition device of the simulated three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition system emits seismic waves at the shot point; The VSP seismic data acquisition device of the simulated three-dimensional VSP seismic data acquisition system acquires VSP seismic data in the exploration well. The VSP seismic data is processed to obtain upgoing and downgoing waves.

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