Optical telescope design method and device based on spliced primary mirror and electronic equipment

Abstract

This application relates to the field of optical system design technology, and discloses a design method, device, and electronic device for an optical telescope based on a stitched primary mirror. The method includes: determining the current aspherical surface parameters of aspherical stitched sub-mirrors in different layers of the optical system according to the optical system constraints of the stitched primary mirror; iteratively optimizing the current aspherical surface parameters according to a pre-constructed comprehensive evaluation function; obtaining optimized aspherical surface parameters of the aspherical stitched sub-mirrors in different layers that satisfy the design requirements of the comprehensive evaluation function within the target field of view; and the best-fit sphere corresponding to the optimized aspherical surface parameters; and outputting the optimization results. This invention can reduce the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the stitched sub-mirrors, avoid the introduction of complex aberration correction optical elements, and ensure the versatility, multifunctionality, and scalability of the overall system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical system design technology, specifically to an optical telescope design method, device, and electronic equipment based on a spliced ​​primary mirror. Background Technology

[0002] Due to the ever-increasing demand for stronger optical detection capabilities, ultra-large aperture optical telescopes are one of the main development directions in the future. Currently, most ultra-large aperture optical telescopes adopt reflective optical structures. Due to the limitation of the size of a single reflector, larger apertures require a spliced ​​primary mirror design.

[0003] Currently, ultra-large aperture splicing primary mirrors typically require multiple sub-mirrors, many of which are complex off-axis aspherical mirrors. This increases the construction cost and time required for ultra-large aperture splicing primary mirrors, and presents problems such as high processing and manufacturing difficulty and high cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a design method, device, and electronic device for an optical telescope based on a spliced ​​primary mirror, which at least solves the problems of difficulty and cost in processing and manufacturing aspherical spliced ​​primary mirrors.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a method for designing an optical telescope based on a spliced ​​primary mirror, the method comprising: Based on the optical system constraints of the splicing primary mirror, the current aspherical surface shape parameters of the aspherical splicing sub-mirrors in different layers of the optical system are determined. The aspherical surface shape parameters include the mirror curvature radius, the center off-axis amount, and the quadratic surface eccentricity. The current aspherical surface parameters are iteratively optimized based on the pre-constructed comprehensive evaluation function to obtain the optimized aspherical surface parameters of different layers of aspherical stitching sub-mirrors that enable the comprehensive evaluation function to meet the design requirements within the target field of view, as well as the best-fit sphere corresponding to the optimized aspherical surface parameters. The comprehensive evaluation function includes an optical imaging quality component and an overall surface adjustability component within the target field of view. Output the optimization results, which include the radius of curvature of the best-fit sphere corresponding to the aspherical splicing sub-mirrors of different layers after optimization.

[0006] In one optional implementation, the comprehensive evaluation function is expressed as:

[0007] In the formula, For comprehensive evaluation function, For optical imaging quality, For the first n The value of the optical imaging quality component for each field of view. For the first n The weighting coefficients for the optical imaging quality component of each field of view. For the overall surface shape adjustability item, For the first m The value of the adjustable aspect ratio of the surface shape of the layered sub-mirrors. For the first m The surface shape adjustability of the layered sub-mirrors is weighted by a factor of K, where K is the total number of layers in the layered sub-mirrors.

[0008] In one optional implementation, the current aspherical surface parameters are iteratively optimized based on a pre-constructed comprehensive evaluation function to obtain optimized aspherical surface parameters for different layers of the aspherical stitching sub-mirrors that satisfy the design requirements of the comprehensive evaluation function within the target field of view, and the best-fit sphere corresponding to the optimized aspherical surface parameters, including: The field of view of the optical system is divided into N parts from the center field of view to the maximum field of view, with the field of view number i and i initialized to a preset value. Using the first i fields of view as the target fields of view, the current aspherical surface parameters are iteratively optimized according to the pre-constructed comprehensive evaluation function to obtain the optimized aspherical surface parameters of the aspherical splicing sub-mirrors of different layers that enable the comprehensive evaluation function to meet the design requirements in the first i fields of view, as well as the best-fitting sphere corresponding to the aspherical splicing sub-mirrors. Let i = i + 1. When i < N, take the optimization result of the previous round as the initial structure, and repeat the process of taking the first i fields of view as the target fields of view. Iterate and optimize the current aspherical surface parameters according to the pre-constructed comprehensive evaluation function to obtain the optimized aspherical surface parameters of the aspherical stitching sub-mirrors of different layers that make the comprehensive evaluation function meet the design requirements in the first i fields of view, as well as the steps of the best-fitting sphere corresponding to the aspherical stitching sub-mirrors. When i ≥ N, take the radius of curvature of the best-fitting sphere corresponding to the optimized aspherical stitching sub-mirrors when i = N as the optimization result.

[0009] In one optional implementation, the first i fields of view are taken as the target fields of view. The current aspherical surface parameters are iteratively optimized based on a pre-constructed comprehensive evaluation function to obtain the optimized aspherical surface parameters of the aspherical stitched sub-mirrors at different layers, which ensure that the comprehensive evaluation function meets the design requirements within the first i fields of view. The optimal fitted sphere corresponding to the aspherical stitched sub-mirrors is also obtained, including: Using the first i fields of view as the target field of view, verify whether the optical imaging quality sub-item corresponding to the current aspherical surface shape parameter meets the imaging requirements. If it does not meet the imaging requirements, optimize the current aspherical surface shape parameter and return to the step of verifying whether the optical imaging quality sub-item corresponding to the current aspherical surface shape parameter meets the imaging requirements. If the imaging requirements are met, the best-fit sphere corresponding to the aspherical stitched sub-mirror is calculated based on the current aspherical surface shape parameters. For any layer of stitched sub-mirrors, the maximum sag difference between the aspherical stitched sub-mirror and the best-fit sphere, as well as the sum of squares of the sag differences between the aspherical stitched sub-mirror and the best-fit sphere at several sampling points, are calculated. The surface shape adjustability component of any layer of stitched sub-mirrors is calculated based on the maximum sag difference and the sum of squares of the sag differences. Based on the maximum sag difference and the surface shape adjustability component of each layer of stitched sub-mirrors, it is determined whether the current aspherical surface shape parameters meet the surface shape requirements. If the surface shape requirements are not met, the current aspherical surface shape parameters are optimized, and the step of verifying whether the optical imaging quality component corresponding to the current aspherical surface shape parameters meets the imaging requirements is returned. If the surface shape requirements are met, the current aspherical surface shape parameters and the corresponding best-fit sphere are used as the aspherical surface shape parameters that make the comprehensive evaluation function meet the design requirements in the first i fields of view, and the best-fit sphere corresponding to the aspherical stitched sub-mirror.

[0010] In one optional implementation, determining whether the current aspherical surface shape parameters meet the surface shape requirements based on the maximum sag difference and the values ​​of the surface shape adjustability components of each layer of stitched sub-mirrors includes: The overall surface shape adjustability component is obtained by weighting the values ​​of the surface shape adjustability component of each layer of spliced ​​sub-mirrors; Determine whether the maximum sag difference is greater than the pre-acquired maximum surface shape adjustment amount of the stitching sub-mirror, and whether the overall surface shape adjustability component is greater than the preset surface shape value. If the maximum sag difference is greater than the maximum surface shape adjustment amount, or the overall surface shape adjustability component is greater than the preset surface shape value, then the current aspherical surface shape parameters do not meet the surface shape requirements. If the maximum sag difference is less than or equal to the maximum surface shape adjustment amount, and the overall surface shape adjustability component is less than or equal to the preset surface shape value, then the current aspherical surface shape parameters meet the surface shape requirements.

[0011] In one optional implementation, the formula for calculating the value of the surface shape adjustability component of any layer of splicing sub-mirrors is as follows:

[0012] in, For the first m The value of the adjustable aspect ratio of the surface shape of the layered sub-mirrors. For the first m The maximum sagittal difference of the layered sub-mirrors The weighting coefficient for the sag difference. For the first m The square of the sag difference of the layered sub-mirrors.

[0013] Secondly, this application provides an optical telescope design device based on a spliced ​​primary mirror, the device comprising: The initial parameter acquisition module is used to determine the current aspherical surface shape parameters of the aspherical splicing sub-mirrors in different layers of the optical system based on the optical system constraints of the splicing primary mirror. The aspherical surface shape parameters include the mirror curvature radius, the center off-axis amount, and the quadratic surface eccentricity. The structure optimization module is used to iteratively optimize the current aspherical surface parameters according to the pre-built comprehensive evaluation function, so as to obtain the optimized aspherical surface parameters of the aspherical stitching sub-mirrors of different layers that make the comprehensive evaluation function meet the design requirements in the target field of view, as well as the best-fit sphere corresponding to the optimized aspherical surface parameters. The comprehensive evaluation function includes the optical imaging quality component and the overall surface adjustability component in the target field of view. The results output module is used to output the optimization results, which include the radius of curvature of the best-fit sphere corresponding to the aspherical splicing sub-mirrors of different layers after optimization.

[0014] Thirdly, this application provides an electronic device, including: a memory and a processor, which are communicatively connected to each other. The memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to perform the optical telescope design method based on the splicing primary mirror described in the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment.

[0015] The technical effects of this application are as follows: The optical telescope design method based on a spliced ​​primary mirror in this application optimizes the aspherical surface parameters of different aspherical splicing sub-mirrors through a comprehensive evaluation function that includes optical imaging quality within the target field of view and overall surface shape adjustability. It then calculates the best-fit sphere corresponding to the aspherical surface parameters and outputs the radius of curvature of the best-fit sphere after optimization. The splicing sub-mirrors can be fabricated based on the radius of curvature of the best-fit sphere. By using multiple spherical splicing sub-mirrors with different curvatures to replace various types of off-axis aspherical elements, the processing, manufacturing, and testing difficulty of the primary mirror of an ultra-large aperture optical telescope is reduced, and the processing and manufacturing cost and cycle of the splicing primary mirror can be effectively shortened.

[0016] Subsequently, active optical actuators can be used to adjust the surface shape of the stitching sub-mirrors to correct the aberration of the stitching master mirror. This reduces the use of multiple reflective optical elements during aberration correction, lowers the complexity of the optical system and reduces optical energy loss, and can effectively enhance the detection capability of ultra-large aperture optical systems for faint targets.

[0017] This application enables aberration correction of the spherical mosaic primary mirror without adding an aberration correction mirror group. The optical system is simpler and can switch between multiple focal points such as Cartesian focal point and Nyquist focal point by rotating the plane mirror. It can be configured with multiple detection terminals and has good versatility and multifunctionality. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an optical telescope design method based on a spliced ​​primary mirror according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical telescope according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sub-mirrors of the splicing primary mirror according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating another optical telescope design method based on a spliced ​​primary mirror according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of an optical telescope design device based on a spliced ​​primary mirror according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] Larger aperture optical telescopes offer lower angular resolution and stronger detection capabilities for faint targets. With the increasing demands for deep space exploration and faint target detection, ultra-large aperture optical telescopes will be one of the important directions for the future development of optical imaging and detection technology. Due to the advantages of reflective optical systems, such as ease of lightweight design and absence of astigmatism, current ultra-large aperture optical telescopes all adopt reflective optical system designs. Furthermore, due to limitations in the fabrication, surface shape control, and rigid body displacement of individual mirrors, even larger aperture ultra-large aperture optical telescopes require a modular reflective primary mirror design.

[0022] The primary mirror is a crucial foundation for the performance of very large aperture optical telescopes, typically requiring multiple sub-mirrors. Furthermore, due to the need for system aberration correction, primary mirrors in very large aperture optical systems often employ parabolic, hyperboloid, or other secondary aspherical surfaces, meaning that hundreds of off-axis aspherical sub-mirrors of various types must be fabricated. Although significant progress has been made in the fabrication technology of off-axis aspherical mirrors, the manufacturing and testing processes remain complex, increasing the construction cost and timeline of primary mirrors for very large aperture telescopes, and constituting a substantial portion of the overall telescope project.

[0023] In comparison, spherical mirrors are simpler to manufacture and inspect. If the surface of the ultra-large aperture primary mirror is spherical, then all the stitching sub-mirrors can be spherical mirrors with the same surface shape, which can reduce the manufacturing cycle and cost of the large-aperture stitching primary mirror. However, to correct the large spherical aberration introduced by the spherical primary mirror, a mirror group consisting of multiple mirrors needs to be introduced to correct the aberration, resulting in the telescope having only one usable focus, which limits the versatility and expandability of ultra-large aperture optical telescopes.

[0024] To address the issues of complex manufacturing and testing processes, long production cycles, and high costs associated with current ultra-large aperture optical telescopes based on aspherical mosaic primary mirrors, as well as the poor versatility and scalability of ultra-large aperture optical telescopes based on spherical mosaic primary mirrors, this application proposes a design method for an optical telescope based on a mosaic primary mirror.

[0025] The optical telescope design method based on a spliced ​​primary mirror according to the embodiments of this application can be executed by a terminal device or a server. Specifically, the terminal device can be a smartphone, tablet computer, laptop computer, PDA, or desktop computer, etc. The server can be a standalone physical server, a server cluster or a distributed system, or a cloud server providing cloud services.

[0026] According to an embodiment of this application, an embodiment of an optical telescope design method based on a spliced ​​primary mirror is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an optical telescope design method based on a spliced ​​primary mirror according to an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the process includes the following steps: Step S101: Determine the current aspherical surface shape parameters of the aspherical splicing sub-mirrors in different layers of the optical system according to the optical system constraints of the splicing primary mirror. The aspherical surface shape parameters include the mirror curvature radius, the center off-axis amount, and the quadratic surface eccentricity.

[0028] Specifically, the main mirror of an optical telescope consists of several sub-mirrors, which are spliced ​​together to form the main mirror.

[0029] Under the constraints of optical system parameters and the external dimensions and profile of the optical telescope, based on PW Solving for the radius of curvature of the mirror in an optical system using methods such as the method and optical aberration theory. r Mirror axial spacing d and the eccentricity of the quadratic surface e The initial structure of the optical system is obtained.

[0030] It should be understood that, as Figure 2 As shown, the optical telescope includes optical lenses such as a primary mirror, secondary mirror, steering mirror, and third mirror. The initial structure of the corresponding optical system includes the current aspherical surface shape parameters of the aspherical sub-mirrors in different layers on the primary mirror, as well as the design parameters of the secondary and third mirrors. During the optical system optimization process, the radius of curvature, quadratic coefficient, and inter-mirror spacing of each mirror are set as variables, and a relevant comprehensive evaluation function is defined. These parameters are continuously adjusted and changed during the iterative optimization process. When the requirements of the comprehensive evaluation function are met, the parameters of each lens are output. This application mainly involves optimizing the parameters of the primary mirror.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the stitching master mirror is divided into concentric ring layers. The master mirror is pre-divided into K concentric ring regions, and all stitching sub-mirrors within each ring maintain the same radius of curvature during subsequent optimization. The ring division can be set based on the equal area and radial spacing of the optical aperture, or based on empirically estimated aberration distribution characteristics. During iterative optimization, the ring boundaries can be dynamically adjusted as needed. It should be understood that the shape of the stitching sub-mirrors is not limited to... Figure 3 The regular hexagon can also be transformed into shapes such as a fan or a circle.

[0032] Optical system constraints include optical system parameter constraints and external dimensional constraints. Optical system parameter constraints include the range of optical system parameters calculated based on application indicators such as the telescope's operating range, imaging resolution, detection capability, and observable sky area. F Number, equivalent caliber D ,focal length f Maximum field of view The range of values ​​for parameters such as [parameter 1] and [parameter 2] is defined. Dimensional constraints include the size range of the primary and secondary lenses. By inputting the optical system parameter constraints and dimensional constraints into commercial optical design software such as Zemax and CodeV, an initial structure conforming to the input constraints can be designed, thus obtaining the current aspherical surface parameters of the aspherical sub-lenses at different layers.

[0033] Step S102: Iteratively optimize the current aspherical surface parameters according to the pre-constructed comprehensive evaluation function to obtain the optimized aspherical surface parameters of different layers of aspherical stitching sub-mirrors that make the comprehensive evaluation function meet the design requirements in the target field of view, as well as the best-fit sphere corresponding to the optimized aspherical surface parameters. The comprehensive evaluation function includes the optical imaging quality component and the overall surface adjustability component in the target field of view.

[0034] Specifically, the target field of view can be a single field of view or multiple fields of view of the optical system. Focusing the comprehensive evaluation function on the target field of view for optimization can reduce the optimization difficulty. Meeting the design requirements within the target field of view means that the imaging quality of the current field of view i and the fields of view within the range of field of view i all meet the design requirements. For example, the imaging quality of the optical system in fields of view i, i-1, and i-2 all meet the design requirements, and the overall surface shape adjustability also meets the design requirements.

[0035] It should be understood that when optical system parameter constraints and shape dimension constraints are input into commercial optical design software such as Zemax and CodeV, the output initial structure that conforms to the input constraints is the structural parameter range of each parameter. The minimum value in this structural parameter range can be used as the initial aspherical surface shape parameter. If the current aspherical surface shape parameter does not meet the design requirements, the value of the aspherical surface shape parameter is increased sequentially according to the structural parameter range to obtain the optimized aspherical surface shape parameter.

[0036] Specifically, whether the design requirements are met can be determined by whether the comprehensive evaluation function is greater than a first preset value. If the comprehensive evaluation function of the optimized aspherical splicing sub-mirror is less than the first preset value, the design requirements are met; if it is greater than or equal to the first preset value, the design requirements are not met. The first preset value can be set according to actual needs.

[0037] After obtaining the aspherical surface shape parameters, the surface shape of the aspherical splicing sub-mirror can be constructed based on these parameters, and the best-fitting sphere for the aspherical splicing sub-mirror can be calculated using a fitting algorithm. The surface shape of the best-fitting sphere can be obtained simply by determining its radius of curvature.

[0038] Step S103: Output the optimization results, which include the radius of curvature of the best-fit sphere corresponding to the aspherical splicing sub-mirrors of different layers after optimization.

[0039] After obtaining the best-fit sphere, its parameters, namely its radius of curvature, can be obtained simultaneously. Subsequently, spherical sub-mirrors can be produced based on the radius of curvature of the best-fit sphere, and then these sub-mirrors and their radial spacing can be used to stitch together the main mirror.

[0040] Since the comprehensive evaluation function includes an optical imaging quality component and an overall surface shape adjustability component, the optical imaging quality component mainly measures the magnitude of the actual aberrations of the optical system (including spherical aberration, coma, astigmatism, field curvature, and distortion), which can be automatically calculated by optical software based on the optimized results. The overall surface shape adjustability component is used to characterize the difference between the aspherical stitched sub-mirrors and the best-fit sphere, and is obtained by comparing the differences between the aspherical stitched sub-mirrors and the best-fit sphere. When the comprehensive evaluation function meets the design requirements, the optimized aspherical mosaic sub-mirror can meet both the imaging quality and surface shape adjustment requirements. That is, while meeting the imaging quality requirements, the difference between the optimized aspherical mosaic sub-mirror and its corresponding best-fit sphere also meets the design requirements. Thus, in subsequent use, the surface shape of the mosaic sub-mirror manufactured according to the best-fit sphere can be adjusted by the actuator of the optical telescope to make its surface shape the same as that of the optimized aspherical mosaic sub-mirror, so that it can have good imaging quality. Only the surface shape of the mosaic sub-mirror needs to be adjusted by the active optical actuator to correct the aberration of the mosaic master image. This reduces the use of multiple reflective optical elements in the aberration correction process, reduces the complexity of the optical system and the loss of optical energy, and can effectively give full play to the detection capability of ultra-large aperture optical systems for faint targets.

[0041] It should be understood that the actuator is the core execution mechanism for active optics and surface shape control of the mosaic sub-mirror. It is installed on the back of the mosaic sub-mirror and, through precise control, achieves pose calibration, surface shape correction, and phase maintenance of the mosaic sub-mirror. Generally speaking, the actuator's correction of the surface shape of the mosaic sub-mirror does not exceed a certain degree.

[0042] The optical telescope design method based on a spliced ​​primary mirror in this application optimizes the aspherical surface parameters of different aspherical splicing sub-mirrors by using a comprehensive evaluation function that includes optical imaging quality within the target field of view and overall surface shape adjustability. It then calculates the best-fit sphere corresponding to the aspherical surface parameters and outputs the radius of curvature of the best-fit sphere after optimization. Spherical splicing sub-mirrors can be fabricated based on this radius of curvature. By using multiple spherical splicing sub-mirrors with different curvatures to replace various types of off-axis aspherical elements, the processing, manufacturing, and testing difficulty of the primary mirror of an ultra-large aperture optical telescope is reduced, effectively shortening the processing and manufacturing cost and cycle of the spliced ​​primary mirror.

[0043] Subsequently, active optical actuators can be used to adjust the surface shape of the stitching sub-mirrors to correct the aberration of the stitching master mirror. This reduces the use of multiple reflective optical elements during aberration correction, lowers the complexity of the optical system and reduces optical energy loss, and can effectively enhance the detection capability of ultra-large aperture optical systems for faint targets.

[0044] The embodiments of this application can achieve aberration correction of the spherical splicing primary mirror without adding aberration correction mirror group. The optical system is more concise. Multiple focal points such as Cartesian focal point and Nyquist focal point can be switched by rotating the plane mirror. Multiple detection terminals can be configured, which has good versatility and multi-functionality.

[0045] In some embodiments, step S102 involves iteratively optimizing the current aspherical surface shape parameters according to a pre-constructed comprehensive evaluation function to obtain optimized aspherical surface shape parameters for different layers of aspherical stitching sub-mirrors that enable the comprehensive evaluation function to meet design requirements within the target field of view, and the best-fitting sphere corresponding to the optimized aspherical surface shape parameters, including: Step S1021: Divide the field of view of the optical system from the center field of view to the maximum field of view into N parts, with the field of view number i, and initialize i to a preset value; Step S1022: Take the first i fields of view as the target fields of view, and iteratively optimize the current aspherical surface parameters according to the pre-constructed comprehensive evaluation function to obtain the optimized aspherical surface parameters of the aspherical splicing sub-mirrors of different layers that make the comprehensive evaluation function meet the design requirements in the first i fields of view, as well as the best fitted sphere corresponding to the aspherical splicing sub-mirrors. Step S1023: Let i = i + 1. When i < N, take the optimization result of the previous round as the initial structure, and repeat the process of taking the first i fields of view as the target fields of view. Iterate and optimize the current aspherical surface parameters according to the pre-constructed comprehensive evaluation function to obtain the optimized aspherical surface parameters of the aspherical stitching sub-mirrors of different layers that make the comprehensive evaluation function meet the design requirements in the first i fields of view, as well as the steps of the best-fitting sphere corresponding to the aspherical stitching sub-mirrors. When i ≥ N, take the radius of curvature of the best-fitting sphere corresponding to the optimized aspherical stitching sub-mirrors when i = N as the optimization result.

[0046] Specifically, in combination Figure 4 As shown, based on the maximum field of view requirement of the optical system, the field of view is expanded from the center 0° field of view to the maximum field of view. Sorting by N The field of view number is used for the portion. i It indicates the maximum field of view. It can be set to 1°. Wherein, i The preset value is 1, which means that the field of view is gradually expanded from the center to the edge.

[0047] Depending on the actual iterative optimization requirements, the field of view of an optical system can be divided into equal intervals or non-equal intervals.

[0048] Step S1022 includes: Step S10221: Take the first i fields of view as the target fields of view, and verify whether the optical imaging quality sub-items corresponding to the current aspherical surface shape parameters meet the imaging requirements. If the imaging requirements are not met, optimize the current aspherical surface shape parameters and return to the step of verifying whether the optical imaging quality sub-items corresponding to the current aspherical surface shape parameters meet the imaging requirements. Step S10222: If the imaging requirements are met, calculate the best-fit sphere corresponding to the aspherical stitching sub-mirror based on the current aspherical surface shape parameters. For any layer of stitching sub-mirrors, calculate the maximum sag difference between the aspherical stitching sub-mirror and the best-fit sphere, as well as the sum of squares of the sag differences between the aspherical stitching sub-mirror and the best-fit sphere at several sampling points. Calculate the surface shape adjustability component of any layer of stitching sub-mirrors based on the maximum sag difference and the sum of squares of the sag differences. Based on the maximum sag difference and the surface shape adjustability of each layer of stitching sub-mirrors... The value of the adjustment component determines whether the current aspherical surface shape parameter meets the surface shape requirements. If it does not meet the surface shape requirements, the current aspherical surface shape parameter is optimized, and the step of verifying whether the optical imaging quality component corresponding to the current aspherical surface shape parameter meets the imaging requirements is returned. If the surface shape requirements are met, the current aspherical surface shape parameter and the corresponding best-fit sphere are used as the aspherical surface shape parameter that makes the comprehensive evaluation function meet the design requirements in the first i fields of view, as well as the best-fit sphere corresponding to the aspherical stitching sub-mirror.

[0049] Specifically, for the initial structure of an optical system containing the first i fields of view, an optimized design is performed, and a comprehensive evaluation function for the optical system is constructed, which includes two aspects: optical imaging quality and the adjustability of the stitched sub-mirror shape. The comprehensive evaluation function is expressed as:

[0050] In the formula, For comprehensive evaluation function, For optical imaging quality, For the first n The value of the optical imaging quality component for each field of view. For the first n The weighting coefficients for the optical imaging quality component of each field of view. For the overall surface shape adjustability item, For the first m The value of the adjustable aspect ratio of the surface shape of the layered sub-mirrors. For the first m The weighting coefficients for the adjustability of the surface shape of the layered sub-mirrors. Among them, the better the optical imaging quality, the... The smaller the value, the more likely K is to be the total number of layers in the splicing sub-mirrors.

[0051] The initial structure is optimized based on the optical imaging quality component in the comprehensive evaluation function to obtain the aspherical surface shape parameters when the optical imaging quality component meets the design requirements. Specifically, the aspherical surface shape parameters are obtained when the value of the optical imaging quality component in the first i fields of view is less than a second preset value. When the initial structure of the optical system is optimized using optical software based on the optical imaging quality component, the resulting initial structure is a range of structural parameters for each parameter. The minimum value within this range can be used as the initial aspherical surface shape parameter. If the current aspherical surface shape parameter does not meet the design requirements, its value is sequentially increased according to this range to obtain the optimized aspherical surface shape parameter. Optimizing the structure of an optical system based on optical imaging quality using optical software is a relatively mature technology, and this application will not describe it in detail in the embodiments.

[0052] After the optical imaging quality meets the design requirements, determine whether the surface shape meets the requirements.

[0053] Specifically, for any layer of splicing sub-mirrors, the aspherical surface shape of the aspherical splicing sub-mirror can be obtained based on the aspherical surface shape parameters. Based on the least squares method, the best-fitting sphere for each layer of aspherical mosaic sub-mirrors is calculated, and the sum of squares of the sag differences between the aspherical mosaic sub-mirrors and the best-fitting sphere at several sampling points can be calculated. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0054] in, For aspherical splicing sub-mirrors and best-fit spherical surfaces in t The sum of squares of the sag differences of each sampling point This represents the sag difference between the aspherical spliced ​​sub-mirrors and the best-fit sphere at the corresponding sampling points. Sampling points The sagitta of the aspherical splicing sub-mirror at the location, Sampling points The best-fit spherical height at that point. t This represents the number of sampling points.

[0055] The above formula can be used to obtain the sum of squares of the sag differences between the aspherical splicing sub-mirrors and the best-fitting sphere at several sampling points, and the best-fitting sphere can also be obtained. radius of curvature .

[0056] By expanding the field of view from the center 0° field of view to the maximum field of view Sorting by N Optimizing the optical system in each field of view sequentially after each round of optimization can simplify the computational workload of each optimization and improve optimization efficiency.

[0057] After obtaining the aspherical surface shape and the best-fit sphere, the sag difference between the aspherical surface shape and the best-fit sphere at each sampling point is calculated by setting the sampling point density, thus obtaining the maximum sag difference between the aspherical surface shape and the best-fit sphere. The value of the surface shape adjustability component of any layer of spliced ​​sub-mirrors is calculated based on the maximum sag difference and the sum of the squares of the sag differences.

[0058] Specifically, the formula for calculating the value of the surface shape adjustability component of any layer of spliced ​​sub-mirrors is as follows:

[0059] in, For the first m The value of the adjustable aspect ratio of the surface shape of the layered sub-mirrors. For the first m The maximum sagittal difference of the layered sub-mirrors The weighting coefficient for the sag difference. For the first m The square of the sag difference of the layered sub-mirrors. Used for balance and The weights between them. It can be 0.4, 0.6, etc., and can be preset according to needs.

[0060] The aspherical surface shape parameters are determined based on the maximum sag difference and the values ​​of the surface shape adjustability components of each layer of stitched sub-mirrors. Specifically, the overall surface shape adjustability component is obtained by weighted calculation based on the values ​​of the surface shape adjustability components of each layer of stitched sub-mirrors. The overall surface shape adjustability component is the weighted sum of the values ​​of the surface shape adjustability components of each layer of stitched sub-mirrors. It is then determined whether the maximum sag difference is greater than the pre-obtained maximum surface shape adjustability of the stitched sub-mirrors, and whether the overall surface shape adjustability component is greater than the preset surface shape value. If the maximum sag difference is greater than the maximum surface shape adjustability, or the overall surface shape adjustability component is greater than the preset surface shape value, then the current aspherical surface shape parameters do not meet the surface shape requirements. If the maximum sag difference is less than or equal to the maximum surface shape adjustability, and the overall surface shape adjustability component is less than or equal to the preset surface shape value, then the current aspherical surface shape parameters meet the surface shape requirements.

[0061] It should be understood that the maximum adjustable surface shape is calculated based on the maximum force of the actuator, as well as the structural diameter, thickness, and material elastic modulus of the mirror. Specifically, it is based on the maximum force of the actuator. And the diameter of the mirror structure ,thickness Material elastic modulus The maximum adjustable amount of the splicing sub-mirror is determined by parameters such as these. Among them, the maximum adjustable amount of the surface shape With the maximum force of the actuator The following relationship must be satisfied:

[0062] Adjustable amount based on maximum surface shape With the maximum force of the actuator The direct proportional relationship can be found in Based on this, add an adjustment value to obtain the maximum adjustable amount of the face shape. .

[0063] The maximum adjustable surface area determines the range of variation for the spherical mosaic sub-lens. The range of surface areas that need to be adjusted for the spherical mosaic sub-lens should not exceed the maximum adjustable surface area. Therefore, the maximum adjustable surface area... As the maximum elevation difference The constraints allow for a quick determination of whether the optimized surface shape meets design requirements, thus improving optimization efficiency. Furthermore, the overall surface shape adjustability component provides a comprehensive evaluation of whether the surface shape meets the requirements. Therefore, the surface shape can be comprehensively evaluated based on the overall surface shape adjustability component. If both the maximum sag-elevation difference and the overall surface shape adjustability component meet the requirements, the designed surface shape is considered to meet the requirements, resulting in an optimization result that meets the actual needs.

[0064] A comprehensive evaluation index is calculated based on the sum of squares of the sag difference and the maximum sag difference. The overall surface shape adjustability is then calculated based on the maximum sag difference and the comprehensive evaluation index. Once both the maximum sag difference and the overall surface shape adjustability meet the requirements, the designed surface shape is considered to meet the requirements. The actuator adjustability can be incorporated into the optimization constraints, matching the surface shape correction capability of the back actuator of the stitching sub-mirror from the design source. This ensures that subsequent actual assembly and surface shape correction are engineering-achievable, reducing the difficulty of later assembly and the risk of surface shape loss of control. This allows the spherical stitching sub-mirror, manufactured based on the best-fit spherical surface, to deform into a surface shape that is the same as or close to the designed aspherical surface shape under the action of the actuator, improving imaging quality, reducing the use of multiple reflective optical elements in the aberration correction process, reducing the complexity of the optical system and optical energy loss, and effectively leveraging the detection capability of ultra-large aperture optical systems for faint targets.

[0065] This embodiment also provides an optical telescope design device based on a spliced ​​primary mirror, which is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments; details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0066] This embodiment provides an optical telescope design device based on a spliced ​​primary mirror, such as... Figure 5As shown, the device includes: The initial parameter acquisition module 501 is used to determine the current aspherical surface shape parameters of the aspherical splicing sub-mirrors in different layers of the optical system according to the optical system constraints of the splicing primary mirror. The aspherical surface shape parameters include the mirror curvature radius, the center off-axis amount, and the quadratic surface eccentricity. The structure optimization module 502 is used to iteratively optimize the current aspherical surface parameters according to the pre-built comprehensive evaluation function, so as to obtain the optimized aspherical surface parameters of the aspherical stitching sub-mirrors of different layers that make the comprehensive evaluation function meet the design requirements in the target field of view, and the best-fit sphere corresponding to the optimized aspherical surface parameters. The comprehensive evaluation function includes the optical imaging quality component and the overall surface adjustability component in the target field of view. The result output module 503 is used to output the optimization results, which include the radius of curvature of the best-fit sphere corresponding to the aspherical splicing sub-mirrors of different layers after optimization.

[0067] In one optional implementation, the comprehensive evaluation function is expressed as:

[0068] In the formula, For comprehensive evaluation function, For optical imaging quality, For the first n The value of the optical imaging quality component for each field of view. For the first n The weighting coefficients for the optical imaging quality component of each field of view. For the overall surface shape adjustability item, For the first m The value of the adjustable aspect ratio of the surface shape of the layered sub-mirrors. For the first m The surface shape adjustability of the layered sub-mirrors is weighted by a factor of K, where K is the total number of layers in the layered sub-mirrors.

[0069] In one optional implementation, the structure optimization module 502 includes: The field of view division unit is used to divide the field of view of the optical system from the center field of view to the maximum field of view into N parts, with the field of view number i and the initialization of i to a preset value. The structural optimization unit is used to take the first i fields of view as the target fields of view and iteratively optimize the current aspherical surface parameters according to the pre-constructed comprehensive evaluation function to obtain the optimized aspherical surface parameters of the aspherical splicing sub-mirrors of different layers that make the comprehensive evaluation function meet the design requirements in the first i fields of view, as well as the best fitted sphere corresponding to the aspherical splicing sub-mirrors. The unit is re-optimized. Let i = i + 1. When i < N, the optimization result of the previous round is used as the initial structure. The first i fields of view are repeatedly used as the target fields of view. The current aspherical surface parameters are iteratively optimized according to the pre-constructed comprehensive evaluation function. The optimized aspherical surface parameters of the aspherical stitching sub-mirrors of different layers that make the comprehensive evaluation function meet the design requirements in the first i fields of view are obtained, as well as the steps of the best-fitting sphere corresponding to the aspherical stitching sub-mirrors. When i ≥ N, the radius of curvature of the best-fitting sphere corresponding to the optimized aspherical stitching sub-mirrors when i = N is used as the optimization result.

[0070] In one optional implementation, the structural optimization unit includes: The imaging optimization subunit is used to take the first i fields of view as the target fields of view, verify whether the optical imaging quality sub-items corresponding to the current aspherical surface shape parameters meet the imaging requirements. If the imaging requirements are not met, the current aspherical surface shape parameters are optimized, and the step of verifying whether the optical imaging quality sub-items corresponding to the current aspherical surface shape parameters meet the imaging requirements is returned. The surface shape optimization subunit is used to calculate the best-fit sphere corresponding to the aspherical stitching sub-mirrors based on the current aspherical surface shape parameters, if imaging requirements are met. For any layer of stitching sub-mirrors, it calculates the maximum sag difference between the aspherical stitching sub-mirrors and the best-fit sphere, as well as the sum of squares of the sag differences between the aspherical stitching sub-mirrors and the best-fit sphere at several sampling points. Based on the maximum sag difference and the sum of squares of the sag differences, it calculates the value of the surface shape adjustability component of any layer of stitching sub-mirrors. Based on the maximum sag difference and the surface shape adjustability of each layer of stitching sub-mirrors... The value of the adjustment component determines whether the current aspherical surface shape parameter meets the surface shape requirements. If it does not meet the surface shape requirements, the current aspherical surface shape parameter is optimized, and the step of verifying whether the optical imaging quality component corresponding to the current aspherical surface shape parameter meets the imaging requirements is returned. If the surface shape requirements are met, the current aspherical surface shape parameter and the corresponding best-fit sphere are used as the aspherical surface shape parameter that makes the comprehensive evaluation function meet the design requirements in the first i fields of view, as well as the best-fit sphere corresponding to the aspherical stitching sub-mirror.

[0071] In one alternative implementation, the surface optimization subunit includes: The surface shape sub-item calculation sub-unit is used to perform weighted calculations based on the values ​​of the surface shape adjustability sub-items of each layer of splicing sub-mirrors to obtain the overall surface shape adjustability sub-items; The surface shape judgment subunit is used to determine whether the maximum sag-elevation difference is greater than the pre-acquired maximum surface shape adjustment amount of the stitching sub-mirror, and whether the overall surface shape adjustability sub-item is greater than the preset surface shape value. If the maximum sag-elevation difference is greater than the maximum surface shape adjustment amount, or the overall surface shape adjustability sub-item is greater than the preset surface shape value, then the current aspherical surface shape parameters do not meet the surface shape requirements. If the maximum sag-elevation difference is less than or equal to the maximum surface shape adjustment amount, and the overall surface shape adjustability sub-item is less than or equal to the preset surface shape value, then the current aspherical surface shape parameters meet the surface shape requirements.

[0072] In one optional implementation, the formula for calculating the value of the surface shape adjustability component of any layer of splicing sub-mirrors is as follows:

[0073] in, For the first m The value of the adjustable aspect ratio of the surface shape of the layered sub-mirrors. For the first m The maximum sagittal difference of the layered sub-mirrors The weighting coefficient for the sag difference. For the first m The square of the sag difference of the layered sub-mirrors.

[0074] In one alternative implementation, the maximum adjustable surface shape is calculated based on the maximum force of the actuator, as well as the structural diameter, thickness, and elastic modulus of the mirror.

[0075] The optical telescope design apparatus based on a stitched primary mirror provided in this application can execute the optical telescope design method based on a stitched primary mirror provided in any embodiment of this application, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the method. Further functional descriptions of the above modules and units are the same as in the corresponding embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0076] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0077] The following is a detailed reference. Figure 6 This diagram illustrates a suitable structural schematic for implementing the electronic device described in the embodiments of this application. The electronic device may include a processor (e.g., a central processing unit, graphics processor, etc.) 601, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in read-only memory (ROM) 602 or a program loaded from memory 608 into random access memory (RAM) 603. The RAM 603 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device. The processor 601, ROM 602, and RAM 603 are interconnected via a bus 604. An input / output (I / O) interface 605 is also connected to the bus 604.

[0078] Typically, the following devices can be connected to I / O interface 605: input devices 606 including, for example, touchscreens, touchpads, keyboards, mice, cameras, microphones, accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc.; output devices 607 including, for example, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), speakers, vibrators, etc.; memory devices 608 including, for example, magnetic tapes, hard disks, etc.; and communication devices 609. Communication device 609 allows electronic devices to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other devices to exchange data. Although Figure 6 Electronic devices with various devices are shown, but it should be understood that it is not required to implement or have all of the devices shown, and more or fewer devices may be implemented or have instead.

[0079] Specifically, according to embodiments of this application, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of this application include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a non-transitory computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication device 609, or installed from a memory 608, or installed from a ROM 602. When the computer program is executed by the processor 601, it performs the functions defined in the optical telescope design method based on a stitched primary mirror according to embodiments of this application.

[0080] Figure 6 The electronic device shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitation on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of this application.

[0081] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The methods described in this application can be implemented in hardware or firmware, or implemented as recordable on a storage medium, or implemented as computer code downloaded via a network and originally stored on a remote storage medium or a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium and then stored on a local storage medium. Thus, the methods described herein can be processed by software stored on a storage medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory, random access memory, flash memory, hard disk, or solid-state drive, etc.; further, the storage medium can also include combinations of the above types of memory. It is understood that computers, processors, microprocessor controllers, or programmable hardware include storage components capable of storing or receiving software or computer code. When the software or computer code is accessed and executed by the computer, processor, or hardware, the optical telescope design method based on a stitched primary mirror shown in the above embodiments is implemented.

[0082] A portion of this application can be applied as a computer program product, such as computer program instructions, which, when executed by a computer, can invoke or provide the methods and / or technical solutions according to this application through the operation of the computer. Those skilled in the art will understand that the forms in which computer program instructions exist in a computer-readable medium include, but are not limited to, source files, executable files, installation package files, etc. Correspondingly, the ways in which computer program instructions are executed by a computer include, but are not limited to: the computer directly executing the instructions, or the computer compiling the instructions and then executing the corresponding compiled program, or the computer reading and executing the instructions, or the computer reading and installing the instructions and then executing the corresponding installed program. Here, the computer-readable medium can be any available computer-readable storage medium or communication medium accessible to a computer.

[0083] Although embodiments of this application have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of this application, and all such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for designing an optical telescope based on a spliced ​​primary mirror, characterized in that, include: The aspherical surface shape parameters of the aspherical splicing sub-mirrors in different layers of the optical system are determined based on the optical system constraints of the splicing primary mirror. The aspherical surface shape parameters include the mirror curvature radius, the center off-axis amount, and the quadratic surface eccentricity. The aspherical surface parameters are iteratively optimized based on the pre-constructed comprehensive evaluation function to obtain the optimized aspherical surface parameters of different layers of aspherical stitching sub-mirrors that make the comprehensive evaluation function meet the design requirements in the target field of view, as well as the best-fit sphere corresponding to the optimized aspherical surface parameters. The comprehensive evaluation function includes an optical imaging quality component and an overall surface adjustability component in the target field of view. The output optimization results include the radius of curvature of the best-fit sphere corresponding to the aspherical splicing sub-mirrors of different layers after optimization.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The comprehensive evaluation function is expressed as follows: In the formula, The comprehensive evaluation function is... For the optical imaging quality components, For the first n The value of the optical imaging quality component for each field of view. For the first n The weighting coefficients for the optical imaging quality component of each field of view. This refers to the overall surface shape adjustability item. For the first m The value of the adjustable aspect ratio of the surface shape of the layered sub-mirrors. For the first m The surface shape adjustability of the layered sub-mirrors is weighted by a factor of K, where K is the total number of layers in the layered sub-mirrors.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The iterative optimization of the current aspherical surface shape parameters based on a pre-constructed comprehensive evaluation function to obtain the optimized aspherical surface shape parameters of the aspherical stitching sub-mirrors at different layers that satisfy the design requirements of the comprehensive evaluation function within the target field of view, and the best-fit sphere corresponding to the optimized aspherical surface shape parameters, includes: The field of view of the optical system is divided into N parts from the center field of view to the maximum field of view, with the field of view number i and i initialized to a preset value. Using the first i fields of view as the target fields of view, the current aspherical surface parameters are iteratively optimized according to the pre-constructed comprehensive evaluation function to obtain the optimized aspherical surface parameters of the aspherical splicing sub-mirrors of different layers that make the comprehensive evaluation function meet the design requirements in the first i fields of view, as well as the best-fitting sphere corresponding to the aspherical splicing sub-mirrors. Let i = i + 1. When i < N, take the optimization result of the previous round as the initial structure, and repeat the process of taking the first i fields of view as the target fields of view. Iterate and optimize the current aspherical surface parameters according to the pre-constructed comprehensive evaluation function to obtain the optimized aspherical surface parameters of the aspherical stitching sub-mirrors of different layers that make the comprehensive evaluation function meet the design requirements in the first i fields of view, as well as the steps of the best-fitting sphere corresponding to the aspherical stitching sub-mirrors. When i ≥ N, take the radius of curvature of the best-fitting sphere corresponding to the optimized aspherical stitching sub-mirrors when i = N as the optimization result.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of taking the first i fields of view as the target field of view, iteratively optimizing the current aspherical surface shape parameters according to the pre-constructed comprehensive evaluation function, and obtaining the optimized aspherical surface shape parameters of the aspherical stitching sub-mirrors of different layers that make the comprehensive evaluation function meet the design requirements in the first i fields of view, as well as the best-fit sphere corresponding to the aspherical stitching sub-mirror, includes: Using the first i fields of view as the target field of view, verify whether the optical imaging quality sub-item corresponding to the current aspherical surface shape parameter meets the imaging requirements. If the imaging requirements are not met, optimize the current aspherical surface shape parameter and return to the step of verifying whether the optical imaging quality sub-item corresponding to the current aspherical surface shape parameter meets the imaging requirements. If the imaging requirements are met, the best-fit sphere corresponding to the aspherical stitching sub-mirror is calculated based on the current aspherical surface shape parameters. For any layer of stitching sub-mirrors, the maximum sag difference between the aspherical stitching sub-mirror and the best-fit sphere is calculated, as well as the sum of squares of the sag differences between the aspherical stitching sub-mirror and the best-fit sphere at several sampling points. Based on the maximum sag difference and the sum of squares of the sag differences, the surface shape adjustability component of any layer of stitching sub-mirrors is calculated. Based on the maximum sag difference and the surface shape adjustability components of each layer of stitching sub-mirrors... The value is used to determine whether the current aspherical surface shape parameter meets the surface shape requirements. If it does not meet the surface shape requirements, the current aspherical surface shape parameter is optimized, and the step of verifying whether the optical imaging quality component corresponding to the current aspherical surface shape parameter meets the imaging requirements is returned. If the surface shape requirements are met, the current aspherical surface shape parameter and the corresponding best-fit sphere are used as the aspherical surface shape parameter that makes the comprehensive evaluation function meet the design requirements in the first i fields of view, and the best-fit sphere corresponding to the aspherical stitching sub-mirror.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of determining whether the current aspherical surface shape parameters meet the surface shape requirements based on the maximum sag difference and the values ​​of the surface shape adjustability components of each layer of spliced ​​sub-mirrors includes: The overall surface shape adjustability component is obtained by weighted calculation based on the values ​​of the surface shape adjustability component of each layer of spliced ​​sub-mirrors; Determine whether the maximum sag difference is greater than the pre-acquired maximum surface shape adjustability of the stitching sub-mirror, and whether the overall surface shape adjustability component is greater than a preset surface shape value. If the maximum sag difference is greater than the maximum surface shape adjustability, or the overall surface shape adjustability component is greater than the preset surface shape value, then the current aspherical surface shape parameters do not meet the surface shape requirements. If the maximum sag difference is less than or equal to the maximum surface shape adjustability, and the overall surface shape adjustability component is less than or equal to the preset surface shape value, then the current aspherical surface shape parameters meet the surface shape requirements.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the adjustability of the surface shape of any layer of spliced ​​sub-mirrors is as follows: in, For the first m The value of the adjustable aspect ratio of the surface shape of the layered sub-mirrors. For the first m The maximum sagittal difference of the layered sub-mirrors, The weighting coefficient for the sag difference. For the first m The square of the sagittal difference of the layered splicing sub-mirrors.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The maximum adjustable surface shape is calculated based on the maximum force of the actuator, as well as the structural diameter, thickness, and elastic modulus of the mirror.

8. An optical telescope design device based on a spliced ​​primary mirror, characterized in that, The device includes: The initial parameter acquisition module is used to determine the current aspherical surface shape parameters of the aspherical splicing sub-mirrors in different layers of the optical system according to the optical system constraints of the splicing primary mirror. The aspherical surface shape parameters include the mirror curvature radius, the center off-axis amount, and the quadratic surface eccentricity. The structure optimization module is used to iteratively optimize the current aspherical surface shape parameters according to the pre-constructed comprehensive evaluation function, so as to obtain the optimized aspherical surface shape parameters of the aspherical stitching sub-mirrors of different layers that make the comprehensive evaluation function meet the design requirements in the target field of view, and the best-fit sphere corresponding to the optimized aspherical surface shape parameters. The comprehensive evaluation function includes an optical imaging quality component and an overall surface shape adjustability component in the target field of view. The result output module is used to output the optimization results, which include the radius of curvature of the best-fit sphere corresponding to the aspherical splicing sub-mirrors of different layers after optimization.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The system includes a memory and a processor, which are interconnected. The memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to perform the optical telescope design method based on a splicing primary mirror as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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