A modular high-voltage energy storage system and its networking method

Abstract

This invention discloses a modular high-voltage energy storage system and its networking method, belonging to the technical field of electrochemical energy storage systems. The energy storage system employs internal multi-layer series direct-output high-voltage energy storage modules, with a single module having a rated operating voltage ≥800V, eliminating the need for external series and parallel connections. Multiple modules are directly connected in parallel via DC busbars, achieving plug-and-play functionality and linear capacity expansion. Its networking method perfectly reuses the complete core component manufacturing process of the applicant's previously applied high-voltage direct-output energy storage device, requiring no additional equipment. This invention completely solves the problems of complex series and parallel connections, high BMS costs, low reliability, and poor scalability in traditional low-voltage energy storage systems, reducing the total system cost by more than 40%. It can be directly connected to 800V~2000V DC distribution networks, perfectly adapting to core application scenarios such as grid area energy storage, wind and solar power integration, and industrial and commercial backup power.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electrochemical energy storage system and networking technology, specifically relating to a modular high-voltage energy storage system based on a high-voltage direct-output energy storage module and its networking method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, electrochemical energy storage has become a core support for building new power systems. Existing electrochemical energy storage systems all adopt a three-stage series-parallel architecture of "low-voltage cell → module → system." After decades of development, this architecture has reached a technological bottleneck and suffers from the following insurmountable fatal flaws:

[0003] 1. Extremely low reliability: A 1MWh energy storage system requires approximately 15,000 3.2V lithium iron phosphate cells and more than 30,000 connection points. Failure of any connection point or cell will cause the system to shut down, with an annual failure rate of over 5%.

[0004] 2. High cost of BMS: It needs to manage the voltage, current and temperature of tens of thousands of units. The hardware and software cost of BMS accounts for 20% to 30% of the total system cost, and the control logic is extremely complex.

[0005] 3. Extremely poor scalability: The system capacity and voltage are fixed during the design phase, and cannot be flexibly expanded according to needs in the later stages; it can only be completely rebuilt.

[0006] 4. Low grid connection efficiency: It requires two stages of conversion, namely "DC-DC boost + DC-AC inverter", and the grid connection efficiency is only 90%~92%, which also increases the equipment cost significantly.

[0007] 5. Extremely high maintenance costs: A single unit failure requires the replacement of the entire module, which can take several hours and requires professional personnel to operate.

[0008] Currently, all global energy storage system patents are based on the aforementioned traditional low-voltage series-parallel architecture. No patents combine high-voltage direct-output energy storage modules with the "direct parallel networking + plug-and-play modular" architecture. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop corresponding modular high-voltage energy storage systems and their networking methods. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a modular high-voltage energy storage system and its networking method. By directly connecting high-voltage direct-output energy storage modules in parallel, the traditional low-voltage energy storage system architecture is completely overturned, achieving the system's ultimate low cost, high reliability, and flexible scalability.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0011] First aspect: Energy storage system technical solutions

[0012] A modular high-voltage energy storage system includes at least one high-voltage direct-output energy storage module, a DC bus, and a central control unit.

[0013] The high-voltage direct-output energy storage module is an internal multi-layer series direct-output energy storage device with a rated operating voltage of ≥800V, requiring no external series or parallel connection; the positive and negative terminals of at least one high-voltage direct-output energy storage module are directly connected to the positive and negative terminals of the DC bus, forming a parallel network structure; the central control unit communicates with each high-voltage direct-output energy storage module to achieve unified monitoring and management of the system.

[0014] Furthermore, the high-voltage direct-output energy storage module adopts the core structure of the high-voltage direct-output energy storage device previously applied for by the applicant, and can adopt any electrochemical system such as lithium-ion capacitor, sodium-ion capacitor, dual-ion battery, semi-solid, and solid-state; the quick-plug connector adopts IP67 protection level, supports hot-plugging, and the replacement and maintenance time is ≤5 minutes.

[0015] Furthermore, the central control unit adopts a distributed architecture, and the sub-control modules only need to manage the status of a single module, which greatly simplifies the control logic and improves the system reliability by more than 10 times.

[0016] The second aspect: Networking methods and technical solutions

[0017] A method for networking a modular high-voltage energy storage system includes the following steps:

[0018] S1 Module Fabrication: High-voltage direct-output energy storage modules with a rated operating voltage ≥800V are fabricated using the aforementioned high-voltage direct-output energy storage device fabrication method. This includes the fabrication of dual-sided heteropolar composite electrodes, non-destructive lamination, and edge full-encapsulation insulation steps. Each module has an independent built-in sub-control module responsible for collecting the module's voltage, current, and temperature information.

[0019] S2 Busbar Installation: Install a DC busbar with a rated voltage ≥2000V and a rated current ≥1000A, according to the maximum capacity requirements of the system.

[0020] S3 Module Parallel Connection: The high-voltage direct-output energy storage module is directly connected to the positive and negative terminals of the DC bus via a quick-plug connector, without any additional series or parallel connection links;

[0021] S4 System Debugging: Connect the main control unit to all sub-control modules via the CAN bus. The main control unit automatically identifies all online modules, completes system parameter configuration, and then puts the system into operation.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following outstanding advantages:

[0023] 1. World's first high-voltage direct-output parallel energy storage system architecture: It completely overturns the traditional low-voltage series-parallel architecture, reducing connection points by more than 99% and reducing the annual system failure rate to below 0.5%;

[0024] 2. Revolutionary reduction in system costs: BMS costs are reduced by more than 80%, eliminating the need for step-up transformers and converters, resulting in a total system cost reduction of more than 40% and a life-cycle cost reduction of more than 50%;

[0025] 3. Unlimited and flexible expansion: The system capacity can be linearly expanded from 1kWh to 10MWh. Adding or removing modules can be done without downtime, and it is plug-and-play.

[0026] 4. Highest grid connection efficiency: It can be directly connected to an 800V~2000V DC distribution network, requiring only one stage of DC-AC conversion, and the grid connection efficiency is increased to over 95%;

[0027] 5. Zero professional maintenance: The failure of a single module does not affect the operation of the system. Users can replace the module themselves without the need for professional personnel and tools;

[0028] 6. Full-chain patent protection: It perfectly binds all the core patents of the applicant's prior high-voltage direct-output energy storage devices, covering all key technical links such as composite current collectors, manufacturing processes, insulation and sealing, electrolyte systems, and device structures, forming a complete patent protection network from materials to devices to systems. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the high-voltage direct-output energy storage module of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a single module structure of the modular high-voltage energy storage system described in this invention;

[0031] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the multi-module parallel networking structure of the modular high-voltage energy storage system of the present invention.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0033] 1 - High-voltage direct-output energy storage module; 2 - Multi-layer series cell body; 3 - Double-sided heterodyne composite electrode; 4 - Edge fully encapsulated insulation layer; 5 - Module positive terminal; 6 - Module negative terminal; 7 - Quick-plug connector; 8 - DC bus positive terminal; 9 - DC bus negative terminal; 10 - Main control unit; 11 - Sub-control module; 12 - CAN bus. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] The modular high-voltage energy storage system described in this embodiment is used for energy storage in a 10kV power grid substation, with a total capacity of 1MWh and a system voltage of 800V.

[0037] The networking method is as follows:

[0038] 1. Module fabrication: Using high-voltage direct-output dual-ion battery energy storage devices, 100 high-voltage direct-output energy storage modules with a rated operating voltage of 800V and a capacity of 10kWh were fabricated, with each module having an independent sub-control module built in.

[0039] 2. Busbar Installation: Install a DC bus with a rated voltage of 2000V and a rated current of 1250A;

[0040] 3. Parallel connection of modules: Connect 100 high-voltage direct-output energy storage modules to the positive and negative terminals of the DC bus via quick-plug connectors;

[0041] 4. System debugging: Connect the central control unit to all sub-control modules via CAN bus. The central control unit automatically identifies all 100 online modules, completes system parameter configuration, and then puts the system into operation.

[0042] Performance testing:

[0043] The energy storage system has a grid connection efficiency of 95.2%, a system response time of ≤100ms, and can be directly connected to an 800V DC distribution network. When one module fails, the system automatically isolates that module, while the remaining 99 modules continue to operate normally. Replacing the faulty module takes only 3 minutes.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular high-voltage energy storage system, characterized in that... It includes at least one high-voltage direct-output energy storage module, a DC bus, and a main control unit; The high-voltage direct-output energy storage module is an internally multi-layer series direct-output energy storage device with a rated operating voltage ≥800V, requiring no external series or parallel connection. The positive and negative terminals of the at least one high-voltage direct-output energy storage module are directly connected to the positive and negative terminals of the DC bus, respectively, forming a parallel network structure; The central control unit is communicatively connected to each high-voltage direct-output energy storage module to achieve unified monitoring and management of the system.

2. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that... The high-voltage direct-output energy storage module adopts the high-voltage direct-output energy storage device structure as described in any one of claims 1-8, including a multi-layer series-connected cell body, a dual-sided heterodyne composite electrode, and an edge-encapsulated insulation layer.

3. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that... The rated operating voltage of the high-voltage direct-output energy storage module is 800V~2000V, and the capacity of a single module is 1kWh~100kWh.

4. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that... The rated voltage of the DC bus is ≥2000V and the rated current is ≥1000A.

5. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that... The high-voltage direct-output energy storage module is equipped with a quick-plug connector between itself and the DC bus, enabling plug-and-play functionality.

6. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that... The main control unit adopts a distributed architecture, with each high-voltage direct-output energy storage module having an independent sub-control module built in. The sub-control module communicates with the main control unit via a CAN bus.

7. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that... The total capacity of the energy storage system can be linearly expanded by increasing or decreasing the number of high-voltage direct-output energy storage modules, with an expansion range of 1kWh to 10MWh.

8. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that... The energy storage system can be directly connected to an 800V~2000V DC power distribution network without the need for additional step-up transformers and converters.

9. A networking method for a modular high-voltage energy storage system as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that... This includes the following steps: S1 Module Fabrication: High-voltage direct-output energy storage modules with a rated operating voltage ≥800V are fabricated using the method of the applicant's prior application for high-voltage direct-output energy storage devices. Each module has an independent built-in sub-control module. S2 Busbar Installation: Install a DC busbar with a rated voltage ≥2000V; S3 Module Parallel Connection: Connect the high-voltage direct-output energy storage module directly to the positive and negative terminals of the DC bus via a quick-plug connector; S4 System Debugging: Connect the main control unit to all sub-control modules for communication, and put the system into operation after completing the system debugging.

10. The networking method according to claim 9, characterized in that... In step S3, the number of high-voltage direct-output energy storage modules can be increased or decreased arbitrarily according to the system capacity requirements without shutdown or system modification; in step S4, the central control unit automatically identifies the newly added or removed modules, enabling plug-and-play functionality.

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