Photovoltaic electrically assisted bicycle

Abstract

This invention discloses a photovoltaic electric-assist bicycle, belonging to the field of electric-assist bicycles. The technical solution adopted by this invention is a photovoltaic electric-assist bicycle, including a bicycle body and further comprising: a drive unit for providing driving force to assist riding the bicycle body; and a power supply unit for providing power to the drive unit. This invention, by including a drive unit, a power supply unit, photovoltaic modules, and a constant power output regulation system, can convert solar energy into electrical energy with constant current and voltage to provide auxiliary power to the bicycle. It solves the problems of existing photovoltaic electric-assist bicycles relying on mains charging for range, unreasonable photovoltaic module layout, and unstable power output. It has the advantages of effectively extending range, reducing dependence on mains charging, and improving charging efficiency and reliability by integrating photovoltaic modules and a constant power output regulation system to convert solar energy into stable power output.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electric bicycle technology, specifically relating to a photovoltaic electric electric bicycle. Background Technology

[0002] Electric-assisted bicycles (E-Bikes) are widely used in urban commuting and short-distance travel due to their labor-saving and convenient characteristics, effectively alleviating the physical exertion problem associated with traditional bicycles. However, the range of these bicycles is highly dependent on the battery in the power supply unit, leading to insufficient range for users in actual use. They must frequently search for mains charging facilities to replenish power, which not only increases the cost of use but also limits their applicability in areas without charging facilities.

[0003] To address this challenge, some existing technologies attempt to integrate photovoltaic (PV) modules into the structure of electric-assist bicycles, using solar energy to convert into electricity to replenish the battery and extend the overall range. However, such integration solutions have revealed significant drawbacks in practice: PV modules are typically installed using simple fixing methods, resulting in poor fit with the bicycle body and failing to fully utilize available space such as the frame triangle and wheel hubs. This leads to a dispersed layout of PV panels with limited area, making it difficult to improve power generation efficiency. Furthermore, the electrical energy output from PV modules is highly susceptible to fluctuations in light intensity and ambient temperature, resulting in significant voltage and current fluctuations.

[0004] Existing systems lack targeted adjustment mechanisms, directly inputting unstable electrical energy into the battery for charging, resulting in low charging efficiency and easy occurrence of abnormal battery charging status. Long-term use may accelerate battery performance degradation. In addition, when installing photovoltaic modules on rotating parts such as wheels, existing technologies cannot simultaneously achieve stable fixation of the modules and reliable power transmission during rotation. The fixing structure is prone to loosening, and the power transmission path is prone to interruption, making such designs impractical in actual riding environments.

[0005] The aforementioned issues collectively hinder the performance and market promotion of photovoltaic electric-assist bicycles, necessitating improvements in overall reliability through optimized component layout, enhanced power stability, and improved adaptability of rotating parts. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a photovoltaic electric-assisted bicycle to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A photovoltaic electric-assisted bicycle includes a bicycle body and also includes: The drive unit is used to provide driving force to assist riding the main body of the bicycle; The power supply unit is used to provide power to the drive unit; Photovoltaic modules are used to convert solar energy into electrical energy; A constant power output regulation system is used to convert the electrical energy output from photovoltaic modules into constant current and voltage and output it to the power supply unit.

[0008] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic panel, and at least one set of the photovoltaic panels is provided. The photovoltaic panels are fixed to the bicycle body and electrically connected to the constant power output regulation system.

[0009] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the bicycle body includes a triangular area in the middle of the frame, and the photovoltaic panel is fixedly connected to one or both sides of the triangular area of ​​the frame, and the photovoltaic panel is designed to conform to the shape of the triangular area of ​​the frame.

[0010] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the photovoltaic panel has a reserved opening on its outer side, the reserved opening being matched with the position of the tire valve, and the photovoltaic panel has an installation hole at its center that mates with a conductive slip ring.

[0011] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the bicycle body includes a front wheel and a rear wheel, the photovoltaic panel is provided in four groups, the four groups of photovoltaic panels are respectively connected to both sides of the front wheel and / or the rear wheel through fixing components, the axle of the front wheel and the rear wheel is fixedly connected with a conductive slip ring, the conductive slip ring is connected to the photovoltaic panel through a wire, so as to transmit the electrical energy output by the photovoltaic panel to the electrical energy output constant regulation system.

[0012] Furthermore, this application also proposes that both the front and rear wheels are spoked wheels, and the fixing assembly includes bolts and nuts. The bolt is a rod-shaped structure with a limiting head at one end and a concave threaded hole at the other end. One end of the nut is provided with a screw that is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. Fixing holes are provided opposite to each other on the photovoltaic panels located on both sides of the front and rear wheels. The bolt passes through the fixing hole of the photovoltaic panel on one side of the front or rear wheel, and the screw passes through the fixing hole of the photovoltaic panel on the other side and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole, so as to fix the two sets of photovoltaic panels on both sides of the front or rear wheel.

[0013] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the power supply unit includes a storage battery, the storage battery is detachably connected to the vehicle frame, the vehicle frame is provided with a battery compartment for installing the storage battery, the storage battery is electrically connected to the drive unit to supply power to the drive unit, and the photovoltaic module converts the power into constant current and voltage through a constant power output regulation system to charge the storage battery.

[0014] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the driving unit includes an assist motor, the output shaft of which is connected to the bicycle chainring, and the battery is connected to the assist motor via a motor controller.

[0015] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the constant power output regulation system includes an MPPT control unit, a voltage and current sampling unit, a DC-DC conversion unit, and an output voltage regulation unit. The voltage and current sampling unit collects the output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic module in real time and sends the collected signals to the MPPT control unit.

[0016] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the MPPT control unit adjusts the duty cycle of the DC-DC converter unit according to the collected voltage and current signals, so that the photovoltaic module maintains the output at the maximum power point and keeps the output power constant.

[0017] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects achieved by this invention are as follows: 1. By using a constant power output regulation system, the fluctuating electrical energy of photovoltaic modules affected by sunlight and temperature is converted into constant current and voltage, which avoids overcharging and undercharging of the power supply unit, extends its service life, and improves charging efficiency.

[0018] 2. Photovoltaic modules are rationally integrated into the triangular area of ​​the frame and both sides of the wheels to maximize the area exposed to sunlight; the MPPT control unit tracks the maximum power point of the photovoltaic modules in real time to ensure efficient conversion of solar energy and form a self-sufficient energy cycle of "solar energy capture-regulation-storage-output", which greatly reduces the dependence on external mains charging and extends the range of electric-assisted riding.

[0019] 3. The photovoltaic panel adopts a conformal design to fit the triangular area of ​​the frame and is firmly fixed to both sides of the spoke wheel with a special fixing component. The reserved opening and mounting hole design avoids the tire valve and is compatible with conductive slip rings. It does not affect the original function of the bicycle, but can resist riding vibration and impact, and balances stability and practicality.

[0020] 4. The drive unit is connected to the bicycle chainring and transmission. The motor controller precisely adjusts the power output according to the rider's pedaling force and road conditions, so as to achieve a natural combination of auxiliary power and human riding, reduce the physical burden when going uphill or against the wind, and avoid sudden or insufficient power.

[0021] 5. The battery is detachably connected to the frame, facilitating charging, replacement, and maintenance; the photovoltaic modules, power regulation system, power supply unit, and drive unit are organically integrated, resulting in a compact structure that eliminates the need for additional bulky supports, thus ensuring the bicycle's original handling and aesthetics while reducing later maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure for installing photovoltaic panels in the triangular area according to a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a second structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the front wheel and rear wheel in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a second schematic diagram of the front and rear wheels in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an enlarged view of part A in section 6 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing component in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the fixing component in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which are provided to further illustrate the invention and constitute a part of this invention, are illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention.

[0024] In the attached diagram: 1. Frame; 11. Front wheel; 12. Rear wheel; 3. Photovoltaic panel; 31. Reserved opening; 32. Mounting hole; 4. Conductive slip ring; 5. Bolt; 51. Nut; 511. Screw; 52. Limit head; 53. Threaded hole; 6. Battery; 7. Power assist motor. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the overall concept of the present invention, a detailed description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0026] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0028] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] In this invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the first feature "on" or "below" the second feature may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "implementation," "example," "aspect," "specific example," or "specific example" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0030] Reference Figures 1-9 This application proposes a photovoltaic electric-assisted bicycle, including a bicycle body, and the photovoltaic electric-assisted bicycle further includes: a drive unit for providing driving force to assist riding the bicycle body; a power supply unit for providing power to the drive unit; a photovoltaic module for converting solar energy into electrical energy; and an electrical energy output constant regulation system for converting the electrical energy output by the photovoltaic module into constant current and voltage and outputting it to the power supply unit.

[0031] For ease of understanding, the following explains some key terms in this embodiment: Photovoltaic electric-assist bicycle: This type of bicycle combines electric-assisted riding with solar power generation. By integrating photovoltaic modules, it converts solar energy into electricity to provide or supplement power to the electric-assist system, thereby extending the riding range and reducing reliance on external charging.

[0032] Bicycle body: This body constitutes the basic structure of the bicycle, including the frame, wheels, transmission system, braking system, and steering system, and serves as the mounting carrier for all other functional components.

[0033] Drive unit: This unit is responsible for providing auxiliary driving force to the main body of the bicycle. When the rider pedals, the drive unit can provide additional power according to the rider's needs to reduce the rider's physical exertion, especially in situations such as uphill or headwind.

[0034] Power Supply Unit: This unit stores and supplies the required electrical energy to the drive unit. Typically, this unit contains one or more energy storage devices, such as battery packs, which can receive and store electrical energy from the photovoltaic modules for release to the drive unit when needed.

[0035] Photovoltaic modules: These are devices used to directly convert solar energy into electrical energy. They are typically composed of photovoltaic cell arrays. When sunlight shines on the surface of the photovoltaic cells, the photoelectric effect occurs, generating direct current (DC).

[0036] Constant Power Output Regulation System: This system is designed to receive the electrical energy output from photovoltaic modules and convert it into electrical energy with constant current and voltage before outputting it to the power supply unit. Since the output power of photovoltaic modules fluctuates due to environmental factors such as light intensity and temperature, this system ensures that the power supply unit receives a stable and reliable charging power supply, thereby protecting the power supply unit and optimizing charging efficiency.

[0037] This embodiment provides a photovoltaic electric-assisted bicycle, whose main technical features include a drive unit, a power supply unit, photovoltaic modules, and a constant power output regulation system.

[0038] The drive unit is configured to provide auxiliary driving force to the main body of the bicycle. This driving force can be achieved in several ways. For example, a motor mounted on the bicycle's bottom bracket can be connected to the bicycle's pedal system via a gear or belt drive mechanism, thus providing synchronized auxiliary power when the rider pedals. Another approach is to integrate the motor inside the front or rear wheel hub, directly driving the wheel to provide thrust. Alternatively, the motor can be mounted in a specific location on the frame and connected to the bicycle sprocket via a chain or belt to provide auxiliary drive to the rear wheel.

[0039] The power supply unit is configured to provide power to the drive unit. This power supply unit can be one or more battery packs, such as lithium-ion or nickel-metal hydride battery packs, mounted in a specific location on the bicycle frame, such as behind the downtube, seatpost, or under the rack. The battery packs are electrically connected to the drive unit via wires to provide the drive unit with the necessary power when it is operating. Alternatively, the power supply unit may also include a supercapacitor capable of rapid charging and discharging to meet the demands of short-duration high-power output.

[0040] Photovoltaic modules are configured to convert solar energy into electrical energy. A photovoltaic module can consist of multiple solar panels, which can be made of flexible or rigid materials. For example, flexible solar films can be adhered to a flat surface of a bicycle frame, or rigid solar panels can be mounted on top of a bicycle's rear rack or basket. These photovoltaic modules are connected by wires to collect solar energy and convert it into electrical energy.

[0041] A constant power output regulation system is configured to convert the electrical energy output from photovoltaic (PV) modules into a constant current and voltage and output it to the power supply unit. This system may include a power management module that integrates a DC-DC converter and voltage regulator circuitry. When the PV modules generate electrical energy, this energy first enters the power management module. The power management module monitors the input voltage and current and, according to a preset charging strategy, adjusts the unstable PV output voltage and current to the constant voltage and current required by the power supply unit via the DC-DC converter. For example, if the power supply unit requires a constant 12V for charging, and the PV modules may output voltages ranging from 5V to 20V under different lighting conditions, the system will convert these varying voltages into a stable 12V output.

[0042] The following example will provide a more detailed explanation of the above technical solution: Suppose user A uses a photovoltaic-powered electric bicycle for commuting in a sunny outdoor environment. During the ride, the photovoltaic modules on the bicycle continuously receive sunlight. Due to the constant changes in factors such as sunlight intensity, angle, and ambient temperature, the voltage and current of the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic modules will fluctuate. For example, it may output higher voltage and current under strong sunlight, while outputting lower voltage and current under shade or low light.

[0043] At this point, the fluctuating electrical energy output by the photovoltaic module is transmitted to the constant power output regulation system. Upon receiving this unstable electrical energy, the system immediately activates its internal regulation mechanism. Specifically, the system monitors the output parameters of the photovoltaic module in real time and processes the electrical energy through its internal DC-DC converter and voltage regulator circuit according to the preset charging target. Regardless of how the original output of the photovoltaic module fluctuates, the system can accurately convert it into the constant voltage and current required by the power supply unit.

[0044] Thus, the stable electrical energy, processed by the constant power output regulation system, is delivered to the power supply unit. The power supply unit, typically containing a battery, can safely and efficiently receive and store this constant electrical energy. After receiving stable electrical energy, the battery's charging process becomes smoother, avoiding the risks of overcharging or undercharging due to voltage and current fluctuations, thereby extending the battery's lifespan.

[0045] When user A needs assistance while riding, the electrical energy stored in the power supply unit is released and transmitted to the drive unit via the motor controller. Upon receiving this energy, the drive unit's internal motor begins to operate, providing additional driving force to the bicycle. For example, when user A is climbing a hill, the drive unit can provide strong auxiliary power, significantly reducing the user's physical burden.

[0046] Through this collaborative process, the photovoltaic electric-assist bicycle continuously charges its power supply unit using solar energy during riding, ensuring the stability and safety of the charging process. The drive unit then uses this stored energy to provide auxiliary power to the user, effectively solving the problems of limited range and frequent reliance on mains charging found in traditional electric-assist bicycles.

[0047] Based on the above examples, the photovoltaic electric-assisted bicycle provided in this embodiment demonstrates significant advancements in its technical concept.

[0048] Existing electric-assist bicycles generally suffer from limited range and require frequent reliance on mains charging. Although some existing solutions attempt to integrate photovoltaic modules to extend range, the output power of these modules fluctuates greatly due to environmental factors, lacks an effective power regulation system, resulting in low direct charging efficiency and potential damage to the battery.

[0049] This embodiment effectively solves the core problem of large fluctuations in the output power of photovoltaic modules by introducing a constant power output regulation system. In the example above, regardless of changes in illumination conditions, the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic modules can be accurately converted into the constant current and voltage required by the power supply unit through this system. Compared with the prior art of directly inputting fluctuating electrical energy into the battery, the regulation system of this embodiment ensures that the power supply unit receives a stable and reliable charging power supply, thereby significantly improving charging efficiency and effectively protecting the health and lifespan of the battery.

[0050] Furthermore, this overall technical solution organically combines photovoltaic modules, a constant power output regulation system, a power supply unit, and a drive unit to form a self-sufficient energy cycle system. The photovoltaic modules are responsible for energy harvesting, the constant power output regulation system for energy optimization, the power supply unit for energy storage, and the drive unit for energy output. This tightly coordinated system design allows the bicycle to continuously utilize solar energy for recharging during riding, significantly extending its range and reducing reliance on external charging facilities. This solution not only improves the utilization efficiency of photovoltaic energy but also provides users with a more convenient and reliable riding experience, demonstrating an effective overcoming of existing technological shortcomings and the innovation of the technical solution.

[0051] As one specific embodiment of the photovoltaic module in this application, refer to Figures 1-9 This application further proposes that the above-mentioned photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic panel 3, at least one set of photovoltaic panels 3 is provided, the photovoltaic panel 3 is fixed to the bicycle body and electrically connected to the constant power output regulation system.

[0052] Among them, photovoltaic panel 3 is the specific implementation of photovoltaic module, which is composed of encapsulated photovoltaic cells and can directly convert solar energy into electrical energy. Photovoltaic panel 3 can be of various types, such as monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panel, polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic panel, or flexible thin-film photovoltaic panel. Monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panel has high conversion efficiency, polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic panel has relatively low cost, while flexible thin-film photovoltaic panel has the characteristics of being flexible and lightweight, making it easier to integrate with the bicycle body.

[0053] At least one set of photovoltaic panels 3 is provided, indicating that the number of photovoltaic panels 3 can be one or more. A single photovoltaic panel 3 can be used to meet basic charging needs, or multiple photovoltaic panels 3 can be used to increase the total power generation, thereby shortening charging time or providing stronger auxiliary power. Multiple sets of photovoltaic panels 3 can be connected in parallel or in series to accommodate different voltage and current requirements.

[0054] The photovoltaic panel 3 is fixed to the bicycle body to ensure its stability during bicycle operation, preventing it from shaking or falling off, and protecting it from external impacts. It can be securely installed to the bicycle body using mechanical connections such as bolts, rivets, adhesives, or clips. Alternatively, it can be integrated into the bicycle's main structure through a one-piece molding or embedded design.

[0055] The photovoltaic panel 3 is electrically connected to the constant power output regulation system to transmit the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic panel 3 to the system for subsequent voltage and current stabilization. Electrical connection can be achieved through conductive media such as wires, cables, or conductive slip rings. The connection method should ensure good contact, low transmission loss, and a certain degree of waterproof and dustproof capability to adapt to outdoor cycling environments.

[0056] This application provides a clear physical carrier for solar energy collection by concretizing the photovoltaic module into a photovoltaic panel 3 and arranging at least one set of it. The photovoltaic panel 3 is fixedly connected to the bicycle body, ensuring its stability and safety during bicycle operation and avoiding functional failure due to vibration or impact. Simultaneously, the photovoltaic panel 3 is electrically connected to a constant power output regulation system, enabling the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic panel 3 to be stably and reliably transmitted to the subsequent regulation system for processing. This structural integration and electrical connection allow the photovoltaic electric-assist bicycle to efficiently utilize solar energy, providing continuous power replenishment to the power supply unit, thereby extending the range of electric-assist riding and reducing dependence on external charging.

[0057] As a specific implementation method, the photovoltaic panel 3 can be a high-efficiency flexible thin-film photovoltaic panel, which is lightweight, thin, and bendable, allowing it to better adapt to the curved structure of the bicycle body. Two sets of photovoltaic panels 3 can be installed, fixed to the left and right sides of the bicycle body respectively, to maximize the solar energy receiving area. These photovoltaic panels 3 are firmly bonded and fixed to the bicycle body using a combination of high-strength double-sided adhesive and mechanical clips, ensuring they will not loosen under various riding conditions. The output wires of the photovoltaic panel 3 are connected to a constant power output regulation system located inside the frame via waterproof connectors, ensuring the stability and safety of power transmission.

[0058] Through the above technical solution, the photovoltaic module is specifically implemented as a photovoltaic panel 3, which is firmly fixed to the bicycle body, effectively solving the problems of unstable installation and easy damage of photovoltaic modules on bicycles, and improving the reliability and durability of the system. At the same time, the electrical connection between the photovoltaic panel 3 and the constant power output regulation system ensures that the generated energy can be transmitted efficiently and stably, providing a continuous and controllable power input to the power supply unit, thereby significantly improving the energy self-sufficiency and range performance of the photovoltaic electric-assist bicycle.

[0059] As a preferred embodiment of this application, this application further proposes the above-mentioned photovoltaic electric-assisted bicycle, wherein the bicycle body includes a frame 1 with a triangular area in the middle, and a photovoltaic panel 3 is fixedly connected to one or both sides of the triangular area of ​​the frame 1, and the photovoltaic panel 3 is designed to conform to the shape of the triangular area of ​​the frame 1.

[0060] The frame 1 is the main skeleton of the bicycle, bearing the weight of the entire bike and connecting all components. The middle section of the frame 1 typically forms a triangular area enclosed by the main tubes such as the top tube, down tube, and seat tube. This area is the structurally strong and relatively stable part of the frame 1, providing a solid foundation for component installation. This triangular area can be a traditional diamond-shaped structure or a non-traditional geometric shape formed using irregularly shaped tubing or one-piece molding technology; its core purpose is to provide an installation space with sufficient area and structural strength. The photovoltaic panel 3 is the core component of the photovoltaic module, responsible for directly absorbing sunlight and converting it into electrical energy. Fixing it to the triangular area of ​​the frame 1 aims to fully utilize the stability of the frame 1 and the relatively large surface area of ​​this region to achieve efficient solar energy collection. This fixing connection can be achieved in various ways, such as directly installing the photovoltaic panel 3 onto the tubing of the frame 1 using mechanical connections such as bolts, rivets, or welding; or firmly fixing the photovoltaic panel 3 to the triangular area of ​​the frame 1 using custom clips, clamps, or adhesives to ensure it does not easily loosen or fall off during riding. Conformal design refers to the matching of the shape, size, and curvature of the photovoltaic panel 3 with the triangular structure of the frame 1, allowing it to fit snugly or integrate into the overall shape of the frame 1. This design effectively enhances the aesthetics of the bicycle, reduces wind resistance, and prevents the photovoltaic panel 3 from interfering with the rider. Methods to achieve conformal design include: using flexible or semi-flexible photovoltaic materials to make the photovoltaic panel 3, allowing it to bend and fit the curved surface of the triangular area of ​​the frame 1; or custom-cutting and shaping the photovoltaic panel 3 according to the specific geometry of the triangular area of ​​the frame 1, ensuring its outline matches the tubular lines of the frame 1.

[0061] This application's solution cleverly integrates the photovoltaic panel 3 into the triangular area of ​​the bicycle frame 1, employing a conformal design. This solves the problems of aesthetics, stability, and space utilization in the integration of photovoltaic modules. The triangular area of ​​the frame 1, as a high-strength and relatively stable region in the bicycle structure, provides an ideal installation location for the photovoltaic panel 3. By fixing the photovoltaic panel 3 to one or both sides of this area, the existing structure of the frame 1 can be fully utilized, avoiding the need for additional bulky support structures. Simultaneously, the conformal design of the photovoltaic panel 3 to the triangular area of ​​the frame 1 ensures that the shape, size, and curvature of the photovoltaic panel 3 closely match the contour of the frame 1. This not only significantly improves the overall aesthetics and streamlined design of the bicycle and reduces wind resistance during riding, but also prevents the photovoltaic panel 3 from protruding beyond the frame 1, thus reducing interference with the rider's legroom and effectively lowering the risk of collisions or scratches to the photovoltaic panel 3 during daily use. This integration method makes the photovoltaic module an integral part of the bicycle body, rather than a simple add-on, thereby maintaining the original handling and comfort of the bicycle while ensuring efficient solar energy collection.

[0062] The following is a specific example. As a concrete implementation, the bicycle frame 1 can adopt a common diamond-shaped frame structure, with the top tube, down tube, and seat tube forming a stable triangular area in the middle. The photovoltaic panel 3 can be a flexible thin-film solar panel, which is flexible and lightweight. These flexible photovoltaic panels 3 are precisely cut according to the shape of the tubing inside or outside the triangular area of ​​the frame 1, ensuring their edges perfectly match the contour lines of the frame 1 tubing. Subsequently, the cut photovoltaic panels 3 are firmly bonded or fixed to both sides of the down tube or one side of the seat tube in the triangular area of ​​the frame 1 using high-strength structural adhesive or custom lightweight clips. For example, two photovoltaic panels 3 can be fixed to both sides of the down tube, aligning their curvature with the down tube to form a smooth and integrated surface. This installation method integrates the photovoltaic panel 3 with the frame 1, without affecting the rider's pedaling space, and also makes the overall appearance of the bicycle more concise and streamlined.

[0063] Through the aforementioned technical solution, the photovoltaic panel 3 is fixedly connected to the triangular area in the middle of the bicycle frame 1, and a conformal design is adopted, effectively solving the problems of structural obtrusion, aesthetic impact, and riding experience that may occur when integrating photovoltaic modules onto a bicycle. This design makes full use of the inherent structural strength and space of the frame 1, allowing the photovoltaic panel 3 to be installed stably and securely. At the same time, by closely fitting the contour of the frame 1, it significantly improves the overall appearance coordination and streamlined shape of the bicycle and reduces wind resistance. In addition, this integration method avoids the photovoltaic panel 3 interfering with the rider, ensuring riding comfort and safety, so that the photovoltaic electric-assist bicycle can achieve energy self-sufficiency while maintaining good design and practicality.

[0064] As a preferred embodiment of photovoltaic panel 3, refer to Figures 1-7 This application further proposes that a reserved opening 31 is provided on the outer side of the photovoltaic panel 3, the reserved opening 31 is matched with the position of the tire valve, and an installation hole 32 is provided at the center of the photovoltaic panel 3 to cooperate with the conductive slip ring 4.

[0065] The reserved opening 31 refers to an opening pre-set on the outer edge or a specific area of ​​the photovoltaic panel 3. This opening can be circular, elliptical, rectangular, or other irregularly shaped, and its main function is to provide an operating or maintenance passage for other components within the area covered by the photovoltaic panel 3. The reserved opening 31 matches the position of the tire valve, meaning that the shape, size, and position of the reserved opening 31 are carefully designed to precisely align with the bicycle tire valve or provide sufficient space so that users can easily inflate or deflate the tire without disassembling the photovoltaic panel 3. The mounting hole 32 refers to a hole set in the central area of ​​the photovoltaic panel 3. This hole is used to accommodate or cooperate with the installation of other mechanical or electrical components. The mounting hole 32 cooperates with the conductive slip ring 4, indicating that the size and shape of the mounting hole 32 are designed to adapt to the structure of the conductive slip ring 4, allowing the conductive slip ring 4 to be mechanically and / or electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel 3 through the mounting hole 32, thereby realizing the transmission of electrical energy from the photovoltaic panel 3 during rotation.

[0066] The solution proposed in this application involves creating a pre-drilled opening 31 on the outer side of the photovoltaic panel 3, aligning this opening 31 with the position of the tire valve. This effectively prevents the photovoltaic panel 3 from obstructing the tire valve when it is fixed to the bicycle body. Users can then directly operate the valve through the pre-drilled opening 31 to inflate or deflate the tires without additional disassembly, significantly improving ease of use and maintenance efficiency. Furthermore, by providing a mounting hole 32 at the center of the photovoltaic panel 3 and engaging it with a conductive slip ring 4, the photovoltaic panel 3 can be stably mounted on rotating components. The conductive slip ring 4 ensures the continuous and stable transmission of electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic panel 3. As a rotating electrical connection device, the conductive slip ring 4 ensures that the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic panel 3 is reliably transmitted to the constant power output regulation system even as the photovoltaic panel 3 rotates with the wheel, avoiding the problems of tangled or broken traditional wires. This structural design not only resolves the conflict between the installation location of the photovoltaic panel 3 and the original functional components of the bicycle, but also provides a reliable power transmission solution for the application of the photovoltaic panel 3 on rotating parts, ensuring the smooth operation of the overall function of the photovoltaic electric-assisted bicycle.

[0067] In one specific implementation, the photovoltaic panel 3 can be designed as a ring or fan-shaped structure and fixed between the spokes of a bicycle wheel or on both sides of the hub. In this case, the pre-reserved opening 31 can be a semi-circular or rectangular cutout located at the edge of the photovoltaic panel 3, its position precisely corresponding to the mounting point of the tire valve on the wheel. Once the photovoltaic panel 3 is installed, the tire valve will protrude from the pre-reserved opening 31, allowing the user to directly connect an air pump for inflation. Furthermore, a circular mounting hole 32 can be provided at the center of the photovoltaic panel 3, the diameter of which matches the outer diameter of the fixing seat of the conductive slip ring 4 at the wheel axle. The fixing seat of the conductive slip ring 4 passes through the mounting hole 32 and fixes the photovoltaic panel 3 near the wheel axle using bolts or clips. Simultaneously, the moving ring of the conductive slip ring 4 is connected to the output electrode of the photovoltaic panel 3 via a wire, while the stationary ring is connected to the constant power output regulation system, thereby realizing the transmission of electrical energy.

[0068] Through the above technical solution, when the photovoltaic panel 3 is fixed to the bicycle body, especially when it covers the tire valve area, the design of the reserved opening 31 ensures the normal exposure and operation of the tire valve, avoiding any impact on tire inflation and maintenance due to the installation of the photovoltaic panel 3, and significantly improving user convenience. Simultaneously, the cooperation between the mounting hole 32 and the conductive slip ring 4 provides a stable and reliable solution for the installation of the photovoltaic panel 3 on rotating parts and for power transmission, effectively solving the problem of power transmission on rotating parts, ensuring the continuous power supply capability of the photovoltaic module under various riding conditions, thereby improving the overall practicality and reliability of the photovoltaic electric-assist bicycle.

[0069] In some embodiments described above in this application, a photovoltaic electric-assist bicycle is proposed, wherein the photovoltaic module includes at least one set of photovoltaic panels 3, which are fixed to the bicycle body and electrically connected to a constant power output regulation system. However, in practical applications, simply fixing the photovoltaic panels 3 to the bicycle body may face problems such as limited available installation area and difficulty in optimizing the orientation of the photovoltaic panels 3 to maximize solar energy capture efficiency, thereby affecting the overall power generation and the stability of the system power supply.

[0070] In this regard, this application further proposes that the above-mentioned bicycle body includes a front wheel 11 and a rear wheel 12, and the photovoltaic panel 3 is provided in four sets. The four sets of photovoltaic panels 3 are respectively connected to both sides of the front wheel 11 and / or the rear wheel 12 through fixing components. The axle of the front wheel 11 and the rear wheel 12 is fixedly connected to a conductive slip ring 4. The conductive slip ring 4 is connected to the photovoltaic panel 3 through a wire to transmit the electrical energy output of the photovoltaic panel 3 to the electrical energy output constant regulation system.

[0071] The bicycle body serves as the load-bearing component, with its front wheel 11 and rear wheel 12 being the core components enabling the bicycle's movement. They not only provide support and drive, but their lateral space also offers potential areas for the installation of photovoltaic panels 3. The photovoltaic panels 3 are the core part of the photovoltaic module, responsible for converting solar energy into electrical energy. The arrangement of four sets of photovoltaic panels 3 aims to improve solar energy capture efficiency and electricity generation by increasing the total area of ​​the photovoltaic panels 3. These four sets of photovoltaic panels 3 can be flexibly arranged according to the wheel structure and space; for example, two sets can be installed on each side of the wheel, or they can be distributed according to actual needs. Installing the photovoltaic panels 3 on both sides of the front wheel 11 and / or rear wheel 12 fully utilizes the space on the sides of the wheels and avoids interference with other components of the bicycle body. The fixing components can be custom brackets, clamps, or structures integrated into the hub or spokes, ensuring that the photovoltaic panels 3 are firmly attached to the wheels during bicycle operation and can withstand vibration and impact. The conductive slip ring 4 is an electromechanical device that allows the transmission of electrical signals and electrical energy between rotating and stationary components. Fixedly connecting the photovoltaic panel 3 to the axle of the front wheel 11 and the rear wheel 12 is key to solving the problem of power transmission when the photovoltaic panel 3 rotates with the wheels. The conductive slip ring 4 typically consists of one or more conductive rings and corresponding brushes, ensuring that the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic panel 3 can be continuously and stably transmitted to the fixed circuit on the bicycle body when the wheels rotate. Wires are used to establish the electrical connection between the photovoltaic panel 3 and the conductive slip ring 4, as well as the electrical connection between the conductive slip ring 4 and the constant power output regulation system. These wires need to have good conductivity, wear resistance, and a certain degree of flexibility to adapt to the rotation of the wheels and the movement of the bicycle. The wiring should be laid out reasonably to avoid tangling and wear, ensuring the reliability and safety of power transmission.

[0072] The solution of this application securely connects four sets of photovoltaic panels 3 to both sides of the front wheel 11 and / or the rear wheel 12 via fixing components. When the bicycle is riding or parked in sunlight, these photovoltaic panels 3 can capture solar energy and convert it into electrical energy. Since the photovoltaic panels 3 are mounted on rotating wheels, conductive slip rings 4 are fixedly connected to the axles of the front wheel 11 and the rear wheel 12 to ensure continuous power transmission. The electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic panels 3 is transmitted to the conductive slip rings 4 through wires, and the conductive slip rings 4 are responsible for uninterruptedly transmitting the electrical energy from the rotating components to the constant power output regulation system on the bicycle body. After receiving the electrical energy, the constant power output regulation system processes it and converts it into a constant current and voltage for use by the power supply unit. This design makes full use of the available space on the side of the bicycle wheel, increases the effective light-receiving area of ​​the photovoltaic panels 3, and solves the problem of power transmission between the rotating components and the fixed components through the conductive slip rings 4, thereby improving the overall power generation efficiency and power supply reliability of the photovoltaic electric assist bicycle.

[0073] The following is a specific example: the four photovoltaic panels 3 can be flexible thin-film solar panels, which are lightweight, thin, and bendable, allowing them to better conform to the curved surfaces of the front wheel 11 and / or rear wheel 12. The fixing components can be made of lightweight, high-strength aluminum alloy or carbon fiber, and the photovoltaic panels 3 are securely fixed to the spokes or the side of the wheel hub using bolts or clips. The conductive slip ring 4 can be a miniature multi-channel conductive slip ring, which integrates multiple independent conductive paths, enabling the simultaneous transmission of multiple electrical signals and exhibiting good wear resistance and shock resistance. The wires connecting the photovoltaic panels 3 and the conductive slip ring 4 can be weather-resistant silicone or Teflon wires, and are routed along the inner side of the spokes or inside the wheel hub to avoid wear and damage from the external environment, ensuring the stability and safety of power transmission.

[0074] Through the above technical solution, four sets of photovoltaic panels 3 are cleverly installed on both sides of the front wheel 11 and / or the rear wheel 12, and the reliable transmission of electrical energy is achieved by using conductive slip rings 4. This significantly increases the effective light-receiving area of ​​the photovoltaic panels 3, thereby improving the solar energy capture efficiency and the amount of electrical energy generated. This design makes full use of the idle space on the side of the bicycle wheel and optimizes the layout of the photovoltaic modules, enabling the photovoltaic electric-assist bicycle to collect solar energy more effectively during riding, providing more sufficient power to the power supply unit, and thus enhancing the bicycle's range and the stability of assisted riding. At the same time, the introduction of conductive slip rings 4 effectively solves the problem of power transmission between rotating and fixed parts, ensuring the continuity and stability of power transmission and avoiding power interruption or instability caused by wheel rotation.

[0075] Reference Figures 1-6 This application further proposes that the aforementioned front wheel 11 and rear wheel 12 are both spoked wheels. The aforementioned fixing components include bolts 5 and nuts 51. The bolts 5 are rod-shaped structures with a limiting head 52 at one end and a concave threaded hole 53 at the other end. The nuts 51 have a screw 511 at one end that is threaded to the threaded hole 53. The photovoltaic panels 3 located on both sides of the front wheel 11 or the rear wheel 12 are provided with opposite fixing holes. The bolts 5 pass through the fixing holes of the photovoltaic panels 3 on one side of the front wheel 11 or the rear wheel 12, and the screw 511 passes through the fixing holes of the photovoltaic panels 3 on the other side and is threaded to the threaded hole 53, so as to fix the two sets of photovoltaic panels 3 on both sides of the front wheel 11 or the rear wheel 12.

[0076] Spoke wheels are a common wheel structure on bicycles, characterized by a hub connected to the rim by multiple spokes, forming an open frame structure. While providing lightweight and strength, this structure also presents challenges for installing additional components on both sides, as it is necessary to avoid interference with the spokes and ensure the stability of the fasteners. The fastening assembly is a mechanical connection device used to securely attach the photovoltaic panel 3 to the wheel. Bolts and nuts are commonly used removable fasteners, achieving connection and fixation through threaded engagement. Their function is to provide reliable clamping force, ensuring that the photovoltaic panel 3 does not loosen or fall off during bicycle operation. Bolt 5 is a specially designed rod-shaped fastener. A limiting head 52 is located at one end of bolt 5, providing a support surface or limiting point to prevent excessive insertion or displacement during fixing. It also serves as a force-bearing surface, evenly distributing the clamping force. A recessed threaded hole 53 is located at the other end of bolt 5, with internal threads for threaded connection with the screw 511 of nut 51, forming an internal connection. This design helps reduce external protrusion and improves the overall structural compactness. Nut 51 is a fastener used in conjunction with bolt 5. A threaded shank 511 extending from one end of nut 51 precisely screws into the recessed threaded hole 53 of bolt 5, achieving a tight connection. This design allows the fixing assembly to clamp and secure the photovoltaic panel 3 from both sides. Fixing holes are pre-drilled on the photovoltaic panel 3; their position and size are precisely designed to match the structure of bolt 5 and nut 51. The fixing holes are typically circular or elliptical, allowing bolt 5 and threaded shank 511 to pass through, thus securing the photovoltaic panel 3 to both sides of the wheel. These fixing holes are usually arranged in pairs for symmetrical and stable fixing. Bolt 5 passes through the fixing hole of photovoltaic panel 3 on one side of front wheel 11 or rear wheel 12, and threaded shank 511 passes through the fixing hole of photovoltaic panel 3 on the other side and is threaded into threaded hole 53 to fix two sets of photovoltaic panels 3 to both sides of front wheel 11 or rear wheel 12. This description illustrates the assembly method of the fixing assembly. Bolt 5 passes through the mounting hole of photovoltaic panel 3 from one side, while the screw 511 of nut 51 passes through the corresponding mounting hole of photovoltaic panel 3 from the other side and is screwed into the concave threaded hole 53 of bolt 5. By tightening nut 51, bolt 5 and nut 51 can form a clamping force on photovoltaic panels 3 on both sides, thereby firmly fixing photovoltaic panels 3 to both sides of the wheel.

[0077] The solution of this application achieves stable installation of photovoltaic panels 3 on both sides of a spoked wheel by employing a specially designed fixing component. Specifically, the fixing component consists of bolts 5 and nuts 51, wherein the bolts 5 have a rod-like structure with a limiting head 52 and a concave threaded hole 53, while the nuts 51 have a threaded rod 511 that can be threaded into the threaded hole 53. During installation, the photovoltaic panels 3 are first placed on one side of the front wheel 11 or the rear wheel 12, so that the bolts 5 pass through the pre-set fixing holes on the photovoltaic panels 3 on that side. The limiting head 52 of the bolts 5 can abut against the outer surface of the photovoltaic panels 3, providing stable support. Next, another set of photovoltaic panels 3 is placed on the other side of the wheel, so that the threaded rod 511 of the nuts 51 passes through the corresponding fixing holes on the photovoltaic panels 3 on that side. Subsequently, the threaded rod 511 is screwed into the concave threaded hole 53 of the bolts 5. By tightening the nut 51, the bolt 5 and nut 51 apply clamping force to the photovoltaic panel 3 from both sides, thereby firmly fixing the two sets of photovoltaic panels 3 to both sides of the front wheel 11 or the rear wheel 12. This internal threaded connection not only makes the fixing structure more compact and reduces external protrusion, but also effectively fixes the photovoltaic panel 3 to the open structure of the spoked wheel, avoiding interference with the spokes and ensuring the stability and safety of the photovoltaic panel 3 during bicycle operation.

[0078] The following is a specific example. As a concrete implementation, the front wheel 11 and rear wheel 12 can be common 36-hole or 32-hole spoked wheels. The bolts 5 and nuts 51 in the fixing assembly can be made of high-strength engineering plastics or lightweight aluminum alloys to balance strength and weight. The limiting head 52 of the bolt 5 can be designed as a flat circle or square to increase the contact area with the photovoltaic panel 3 and prevent excessive local stress. The screw 511 of the nut 51 uses an M4 or M5 external thread and can be designed with a knurled head with anti-slip texture for easy tightening by hand or with simple tools. Multiple fixing holes with a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the bolt 5 shank can be provided along the edges or specific support points on the photovoltaic panels 3 located on both sides of the front wheel 11 or rear wheel 12. For example, each photovoltaic panel 3 can have 4-10 fixing holes to ensure multi-point support and uniform force distribution. During actual installation, first, the bolt 5 with the limiting head 52 is passed through the fixing hole of the first photovoltaic panel 3 from the outside of the wheel, so that the limiting head 52 is tightly attached to the outer surface of the photovoltaic panel 3. Then, the second photovoltaic panel 3 is placed on the inside of the wheel, so that the screw 511 of the nut 51 passes through the fixing hole of the second photovoltaic panel 3 from the inside, and is screwed into the concave threaded hole 53 of the bolt 5. By rotating the nut 51, the two photovoltaic panels 3 can be firmly clamped to both sides of the wheel.

[0079] Through the above technical solution, this application provides a method for fixing a photovoltaic panel 3 on a spoked wheel structure, effectively solving the problems of insecure fixing and installation difficulties caused by the complex structure and limited space of the spoked wheel when installing the photovoltaic panel 3 on it. The fixing assembly, composed of specially designed bolts 5 and nuts 51, can clamp and fix the photovoltaic panel 3 from both sides, ensuring the stability and safety of the photovoltaic panel 3 under high-speed cycling or bumpy road conditions, and preventing the photovoltaic panel 3 from loosening or falling off. At the same time, this internal threaded connection design makes the fixing structure more compact, reduces external protrusion, lowers wind resistance, and avoids interference with the spokes. Furthermore, this fixing method has good disassembly, facilitating user maintenance, replacement of the photovoltaic panel 3, or wheel repair, improving the practicality and convenience of the overall system.

[0080] As one specific implementation of the power supply unit in this application, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 9 This application further proposes that the power supply unit includes a storage battery 6, which is detachably connected to the frame 1. The frame 1 is provided with a battery compartment for installing the storage battery 6. The storage battery 6 is electrically connected to the drive unit to supply power to the drive unit. The photovoltaic module converts the power into constant current and voltage through a constant power output regulation system to charge the storage battery 6.

[0081] The battery 6 is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy and stores it, releasing the energy when needed. It can be implemented using various technologies, such as high-energy-density lithium-ion battery packs, nickel-metal hydride batteries, or lead-acid batteries. The battery 6 is detachably connected to the frame 1, meaning it is connected to the bicycle's main structure in a way that allows for easy installation and removal. This connection can be achieved through a snap-fit ​​mechanism, a sliding rail locking device, or a bolt-fixed quick-release mechanism. The frame 1 has a battery compartment for housing the battery 6, a structural space specifically designed to accommodate and protect it. The battery compartment can be designed as a closed box, an open bracket with a fixing strap, or an integrated cavity within the frame tubing. The battery 6 is electrically connected to the drive unit, meaning it establishes an electrical path with the drive unit via wires and necessary control circuitry to supply power. This connection can be direct via wires or through intermediate devices such as a motor controller or power management module. The photovoltaic modules charge the battery 6 through a constant power output regulation system. This means that the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic modules, after being processed by the constant power output regulation system, is used to replenish the battery 6. The constant power output regulation system can convert the fluctuating voltage and current output by the photovoltaic modules into constant voltage and current suitable for charging the battery 6, for example, through a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) charger.

[0082] The solution proposed in this application constructs a stable and reliable power supply system by using the battery 6 as the core of the power supply unit and detachably connecting it to the frame 1. A photovoltaic module and a constant power output regulation system are used to charge the battery 6. Specifically, after the photovoltaic module converts solar energy into electrical energy, this electrical energy is first processed by the constant power output regulation system to convert it into a constant current and voltage suitable for charging the battery 6. Subsequently, this constant electrical energy is delivered to the battery 6 for storage. The battery 6 is securely and detachably installed in the battery compartment of the frame 1, ensuring its safety and convenience during riding. When the drive unit needs power to provide auxiliary riding propulsion, the battery 6, as a stable power source, delivers electrical energy to the drive unit through an electrical connection. This working mechanism ensures that the drive unit can continuously receive a stable power supply even in poor lighting conditions or at night, thereby guaranteeing the continuity and reliability of the auxiliary riding function.

[0083] The following is a specific example: Battery 6 can be a battery pack composed of multiple high-energy-density lithium-ion cells connected in series and parallel, and integrated with a battery management system to ensure charging and discharging safety and battery life. Battery 6 can be designed as a modular, elongated structure, inserted into a pre-reserved battery compartment in the lower tube or upper tube of the frame 1 via a sliding rail mechanism, and secured with a spring clip or knob lock for easy user disassembly for external charging or replacement. The lower tube or upper tube of the frame 1 can form a closed cavity as the battery compartment, with a waterproof sealing ring at its opening to protect Battery 6 from moisture and dust. The output of Battery 6 is connected to the motor controller via a waterproof connector, and the motor controller is then electrically connected to the drive unit. The constant power output regulation system integrates an MPPT charging controller, which can track the maximum power point of the photovoltaic modules in real time and deliver the converted electrical energy to the BMS of Battery 6 for charging management via the charging interface.

[0084] Through the above technical solution, this application effectively solves the problem of intermittency and instability in the output power of photovoltaic modules. The battery 6 can store the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic modules and stably supply power to the drive unit when needed, ensuring the continuity and reliability of the assisted riding function. The detachable design facilitates the charging, replacement, and maintenance of the battery 6, improving user convenience and significantly enhancing the practicality and user experience of the photovoltaic electric-assist bicycle.

[0085] As one specific implementation of the driving unit in this application, refer to Figure 1 This application further proposes that the driven unit includes an assist motor 7, the output shaft of which is connected to the bicycle chainring, and the battery 6 is connected to the assist motor 7 through a motor controller.

[0086] The assist motor 7 is the core component of an electric-assist bicycle, converting electrical energy into mechanical energy to provide auxiliary power. Its implementation can be varied; for example, it can be a hub motor installed inside the bicycle wheel hub, directly driving the wheel's rotation; or it can be a mid-mounted motor installed in the middle of the bicycle frame, indirectly driving the wheel through the transmission system. The function of the assist motor 7 is to provide the rider with additional driving force to reduce the burden of riding, especially when going uphill, against the wind, or on long-distance rides. The output shaft of the assist motor 7 is connected to the bicycle chainring drive, a feature that clearly defines the power transmission path of the assist motor 7. The chainring is an important component of the bicycle crankset, transmitting the rider's pedaling force to the rear wheel via the chain. The connection between the output shaft of the assist motor 7 and the bicycle chainring drive means that the motor's power is transmitted to the chainring through a mechanical transmission mechanism, thereby driving the bicycle chain and rear wheel. This connection method ensures that the power of the assist motor 7 can be effectively combined with the rider's pedaling force to propel the bicycle forward. The battery 6 is connected to the assist motor 7 via a motor controller, a key electronic component for precise control of the assist motor 7. It is responsible for managing and regulating the electrical energy supplied from the battery 6 to the assist motor 7. The motor controller typically contains complex control algorithms and power electronics, capable of adjusting the speed and torque output of the assist motor 7 in real time based on various input signals such as the rider's pedaling force, speed, and gradient. Through the motor controller, the assist motor 7 can be started, stopped, accelerated, decelerated, and different assistance modes can be switched, thereby providing smooth, responsive, and rider-intended auxiliary power.

[0087] The solution in this application uses a storage battery 6 as the primary energy storage unit, storing electrical energy converted and supplied by photovoltaic modules and a constant power output regulation system. When the rider begins pedaling or requires auxiliary power, the motor controller plays a crucial role. The motor controller obtains electrical energy from the storage battery 6 and precisely adjusts the current and voltage delivered to the assist motor 7 based on the riding status and the user-selected assistance mode. Upon receiving the regulated electrical energy from the motor controller, the assist motor 7 converts it into mechanical energy and transmits the generated driving force to the bicycle chainring via its output shaft. The chainring then drives the rear wheel through the chain, thus providing auxiliary power to the bicycle. This configuration and control method of the drive unit allows the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic modules to be efficiently and controllably converted into the mechanical force propelling the bicycle forward through the storage battery 6 and the motor controller. Precise management of the assist motor 7 by the motor controller ensures the smoothness and responsiveness of the auxiliary power output, avoiding abrupt or insufficient power output, thereby significantly improving the riding experience and energy utilization efficiency.

[0088] In one specific implementation, the assist motor 7 can adopt a mid-mounted motor structure, with its output shaft coaxially connected to the axis of the bicycle chainring via a planetary gear reduction mechanism. This planetary gear reduction mechanism can convert the high-speed, low-torque output of the assist motor 7 into a low-speed, high-torque output suitable for driving the chainring. The battery 6 can be an integrated lithium-ion battery pack installed inside the downtube of the frame 1, electrically connected to the motor controller via a multi-pin waterproof connector. The motor controller can be an intelligent control unit integrating a microprocessor, a power drive module, and multiple sensor interfaces. For example, it can receive signals from torque and cadence sensors mounted on the crank, and calculate and output pulse-width modulation signals in real time based on these signals and preset auxiliary algorithms to precisely control the speed and torque of the assist motor 7.

[0089] Through the above technical solution, this application clarifies the specific implementation method and control mechanism of the drive unit in a photovoltaic electric-assist bicycle. The drive unit is specifically defined as an assist motor 7, and its output shaft is clearly connected to the bicycle chainring, allowing the auxiliary power to act directly and efficiently on the bicycle's drive chain, thus providing direct and natural riding assistance. More importantly, by setting a motor controller between the battery 6 and the assist motor 7, precise and dynamic adjustment of the output power of the assist motor 7 is achieved. This allows the bicycle to intelligently provide appropriate auxiliary power according to the rider's actual needs and road conditions, effectively solving the problems of unstable, abrupt, or inconsistent power output that may occur in traditional electric-assist bicycles. This precise power management not only significantly improves riding comfort and safety but also optimizes the efficiency of energy utilization, thereby extending the range of the battery 6 and enhancing the overall riding experience.

[0090] In some other embodiments, this application proposes a photovoltaic electric-assisted bicycle, wherein the aforementioned constant power output regulation system includes an MPPT control unit 8, a voltage and current sampling unit, a DC-DC conversion unit, and an output voltage regulation unit. The voltage and current sampling unit collects the output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic module in real time and sends the collected signals to the MPPT control unit 8.

[0091] The MPPT control unit 8, or Maximum Power Point Tracking control unit, is a controller that monitors the output power of the photovoltaic (PV) module in real time and adjusts its operating point to ensure the PV module always operates at its maximum power point, thereby maximizing solar energy extraction. This unit can be implemented using various algorithms, such as perturbation observation or incremental conductance methods, to dynamically adjust system parameters to track the maximum power output of the PV module. The voltage and current sampling unit is a circuit module used to monitor the output voltage and current of the PV module in real time. Its implementation can include voltage sampling using a voltage divider resistor network and current sampling using Hall sensors or precision sampling resistors in conjunction with operational amplifiers. The DC-DC converter unit is a DC-DC converter that converts DC power from one voltage level to another, and can perform boost, buck, or buck-boost functions to adapt to different system requirements. This unit can adopt various topologies such as Buck, Boost, Buck-Boost, or SEPIC. The output voltage regulator unit ensures that the output voltage of the DC-DC converter unit remains stable at a preset value, unaffected by input voltage fluctuations or load changes. This can be achieved by using a linear regulator or a switching regulator with precise feedback control.

[0092] This application's solution organically integrates the output of the photovoltaic module with the MPPT control unit 8, voltage and current sampling unit, DC-DC converter unit, and output voltage regulator unit in a constant power output regulation system, forming a highly efficient and stable power management link. Specifically, the voltage and current sampling unit continuously monitors the real-time output voltage and current of the photovoltaic module and accurately transmits this data to the MPPT control unit 8. Based on the received voltage and current signals, the MPPT control unit 8 uses its built-in algorithm to calculate the maximum power point of the photovoltaic module under the current illumination and temperature conditions and generates corresponding control commands. These control commands are sent to the DC-DC converter unit, which adjusts its operating parameters according to the commands, converting the fluctuating power output of the photovoltaic module into a relatively stable DC power. Subsequently, the output voltage regulator unit further fine-tunes the output of the DC-DC converter unit to ensure that the power output to the power supply unit has constant voltage and current, thereby achieving efficient utilization and stable output of the photovoltaic module's power.

[0093] The following is a concrete example: the voltage and current sampling unit can consist of a high-precision resistor divider network and a Hall current sensor. Its output signal is input to the MPPT control unit 8 via an analog-to-digital converter. The MPPT control unit 8 can be a digital controller based on a high-performance microcontroller, internally running an incremental conductance MPPT algorithm. The DC-DC conversion unit can be a synchronous Buck-Boost converter, whose switching transistors are driven by the pulse-width modulation signal generated by the MPPT control unit 8. The output voltage regulation unit can be an independent low-dropout linear regulator or a switching regulator with a precise voltage feedback loop, ensuring that the output voltage is stable at, for example, 42V to meet the common charging requirements of lithium-ion batteries.

[0094] Through the above technical solutions, the output power of photovoltaic modules can be efficiently captured and utilized, ensuring that the photovoltaic modules always operate at their optimal efficiency point, even under varying lighting conditions. Simultaneously, after processing by the constant power output regulation system, the power output to the power supply unit has a constant voltage and current. This not only protects the power supply unit from unstable power surges and extends its lifespan, but also significantly improves charging efficiency and the overall reliability of the system, providing a more stable and efficient auxiliary power source for photovoltaic electric-assist bicycles.

[0095] This application further proposes that the MPPT control unit 8 adjusts the duty cycle of the DC-DC converter unit according to the collected voltage and current signals, so that the photovoltaic module maintains the output at the maximum power point and keeps the output power constant.

[0096] The MPPT control unit 8 is the core component for achieving maximum power point tracking. Its main function is to dynamically adjust the operating parameters of the DC-DC converter unit based on the real-time output characteristics of the photovoltaic (PV) module, ensuring that the PV module always operates at its maximum power output. This control unit can employ various algorithms. For example, the perturbation-observation method determines the direction of power point movement by periodically fine-tuning the duty cycle of the DC-DC converter unit and observing changes in output power; or the incremental conductance method determines the maximum power point by comparing the instantaneous conductance and incremental conductance of the PV array. Voltage and current signals are the basis for the MPPT control unit 8's decision-making. These signals are acquired in real-time by the voltage and current sampling unit, reflecting the current operating status of the PV module. The duty cycle of the DC-DC converter unit refers to the ratio of the on-time of the switching transistor to the total cycle in each switching cycle. By adjusting the duty cycle, the input-output voltage-current relationship of the DC-DC converter unit can be changed, thereby adjusting the operating point of the PV module to maximize its output power. The output characteristic curve of the PV module is non-linear, and its maximum power point changes with variations in environmental conditions such as light intensity and temperature. Maintaining maximum power point output means the system can continuously extract as much electrical energy as possible from the photovoltaic modules, thereby maximizing the utilization of solar energy resources and improving the overall energy conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic electric-assist bicycle. Keeping the output electrical energy constant means that the electrical energy delivered to the power supply unit has stable voltage and current characteristics after processing by the constant output regulation system. This is crucial for the charging management of battery 6, preventing overcharging or undercharging, extending the battery 6's lifespan, and ensuring a stable and reliable power supply to the drive unit, thus improving the riding experience and the overall reliability of the system.

[0097] This application's solution achieves efficient energy conversion and stable power output of photovoltaic modules through the coordinated operation of the MPPT control unit 8, voltage and current sampling unit, and DC-DC converter unit. Specifically, the voltage and current sampling unit continuously monitors the real-time output voltage and current of the photovoltaic module and feeds this key data back to the MPPT control unit 8. Upon receiving these signals, the MPPT control unit 8 accurately calculates the current maximum power point of the photovoltaic module based on a preset optimization algorithm. Subsequently, the MPPT control unit 8 dynamically adjusts the duty cycle of the DC-DC converter unit. By changing the duty cycle, the DC-DC converter unit can adjust its input impedance, thereby changing the operating point of the photovoltaic module and ensuring that it always operates near the maximum power point. Furthermore, the DC-DC converter unit not only converts the fluctuating power output of the photovoltaic module into stable DC power, but the output voltage regulator unit further ensures that the voltage and current of the output power remain at a constant level to meet the charging needs of the power supply unit. This mechanism ensures that even in outdoor environments with constantly changing light conditions, the photovoltaic module can operate at its highest efficiency and provide stable and reliable power to the power supply unit, effectively solving the problems of large power output fluctuations, low energy utilization, and unstable power supply of photovoltaic modules.

[0098] In one specific implementation, the MPPT control unit 8 can employ a microcontroller-based digital control scheme. The microcontroller receives analog voltage and current signals from the voltage and current sampling unit via an analog-to-digital converter and converts them into digital signals for processing. The MPPT control algorithm can employ a perturbation-observation method, whereby the microcontroller periodically makes small adjustments to the duty cycle of the DC-DC converter unit and then measures the adjusted output power of the photovoltaic module. By comparing the current power with the power before the last adjustment, the microcontroller determines whether the power has increased or decreased. If the power increases, the duty cycle continues to be adjusted in the current direction; if the power decreases, the duty cycle is adjusted in the opposite direction. The DC-DC converter unit can be a boost or buck converter, and the drive signal of its switching transistor is controlled by the MPPT control unit 8, which generates a pulse width modulation signal based on the calculated duty cycle. The output voltage regulator unit can be integrated into the DC-DC converter unit or a separate linear regulator or switching regulator, used to precisely stabilize the output voltage and current of the DC-DC converter unit to the constant values ​​required by the power supply unit, for example, to provide constant voltage and constant current charging for the battery 6.

[0099] Through the above technical solution, the MPPT control unit 8 can dynamically adjust the duty cycle of the DC-DC converter unit based on the real-time acquired voltage and current signals of the photovoltaic module, thereby ensuring that the photovoltaic module always operates at its maximum power point. This significantly improves the energy conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module and maximizes the utilization of solar energy. Simultaneously, after processing by the DC-DC converter unit and the output voltage regulator unit, the output power remains constant, providing a stable and reliable charging power supply for the power supply unit. This effectively avoids charging instability caused by changes in sunlight, extends the lifespan of the battery 6, and ensures the continuous and stable operation of the drive unit, thereby improving the overall performance and user experience of the photovoltaic electric-assist bicycle.

[0100] For any parts not mentioned in this invention, existing technologies can be used or referenced.

[0101] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0102] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic electric-assisted bicycle, comprising a bicycle body, characterized in that, Also includes: The drive unit is used to provide driving force to assist riding the main body of the bicycle; The power supply unit is used to provide power to the drive unit; Photovoltaic modules are used to convert solar energy into electrical energy; A constant power output regulation system is used to convert the electrical energy output from photovoltaic modules into constant current and voltage and output it to the power supply unit.

2. The photovoltaic electric-assisted bicycle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic panel (3), and at least one set of the photovoltaic panel (3) is provided. The photovoltaic panel (3) is fixed to the bicycle body and electrically connected to the constant power output regulation system.

3. A photovoltaic electric-assisted bicycle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bicycle body includes a frame (1) with a triangular area in the middle. The photovoltaic panel (3) is fixedly connected to one or both sides of the triangular area of ​​the frame (1). The photovoltaic panel (3) is designed to conform to the shape of the triangular area of ​​the frame (1).

4. A photovoltaic electric-assisted bicycle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The photovoltaic panel (3) has a reserved opening (31) on the outside, which matches the position of the tire valve. The photovoltaic panel (3) has an installation hole (32) at the center that cooperates with the conductive slip ring (4).

5. A photovoltaic electric-assisted bicycle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bicycle body includes a front wheel (11) and a rear wheel (12). The photovoltaic panel (3) is provided in four groups. The four groups of photovoltaic panels (3) are respectively connected to the front wheel (11) and / or the rear wheel (12) on both sides by fixing components. The axle of the front wheel (11) and the rear wheel (12) is fixedly connected with a conductive slip ring (4). The conductive slip ring (4) is connected to the photovoltaic panel (3) by a wire to transmit the electrical energy output by the photovoltaic panel (3) to the electrical energy output constant regulation system.

6. A photovoltaic electric-assisted bicycle according to claim 5, characterized in that, The front wheel (11) and the rear wheel (12) are both spoked wheels. The fixing assembly includes a bolt (5) and a nut (51). The bolt (5) is a rod-shaped structure with a limiting head (52) at one end and a concave threaded hole (53) at the other end. The nut (51) has a screw (511) at one end that is threaded to the threaded hole (53). The photovoltaic panels (3) on both sides of the front wheel (11) and the rear wheel (12) have fixing holes opposite to each other. The bolt (5) passes through the fixing hole of the photovoltaic panel (3) on one side of the front wheel (11) or the rear wheel (12), and the screw (511) passes through the fixing hole of the photovoltaic panel (3) on the other side and is threaded to the threaded hole (53) to fix the two sets of photovoltaic panels (3) on both sides of the front wheel (11) or the rear wheel (12).

7. A photovoltaic electric-assisted bicycle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply unit includes a storage battery (6), which is detachably connected to the frame (1). The frame (1) is provided with a battery compartment for installing the storage battery (6). The storage battery (6) is electrically connected to the drive unit to supply power to the drive unit. The photovoltaic module converts the power into constant current and voltage through a constant power output regulation system to charge the storage battery (6).

8. A photovoltaic electric-assisted bicycle according to claim 7, characterized in that, The driven unit includes an assist motor (7), the output shaft of which is connected to the bicycle chainring, and the battery (6) is connected to the assist motor (7) through a motor controller.

9. A photovoltaic electric-assisted bicycle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The constant power output regulation system includes an MPPT control unit (8), a voltage and current sampling unit, a DC-DC conversion unit, and an output voltage regulation unit. The voltage and current sampling unit collects the output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic module in real time and sends the collected signals to the MPPT control unit (8).

10. A photovoltaic electric-assisted bicycle according to claim 9, characterized in that, The MPPT control unit (8) adjusts the duty cycle of the DC-DC converter unit according to the collected voltage and current signals, so that the photovoltaic module maintains the output at the maximum power point and keeps the output power constant.

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