A composite explosion-proof tank with self-repairing and fragment capturing function and a carrying device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of explosion protection, and in particular to a composite explosion-proof canister and its transport device with self-repairing and fragment capture functions. The canister includes a main body with a tank bottom fixedly connected to its inner bottom and a top wall plate fixedly connected to its top. This invention utilizes a multi-layered composite structure, including an inner wall water layer, a silicone rubber-filled aluminum foam layer, a gradient aluminum foam layer, and a polyethylene fiber non-woven fabric wrapping layer. This allows the explosion-proof canister to progressively attenuate shock waves and fragments under explosive impact through fluid equalization, elastomer sealing, aluminum foam crushing, and fiber circumferential restraint. This effectively solves the problem of insufficient fragment protection capability of existing explosion-proof canisters under large-yield explosion conditions. Simultaneously, the silicone rubber-filled aluminum foam layer can seal ruptures through elastic deformation after the inner wall steel plate is damaged, preventing rapid loss of the water layer fluid and thus solving the technical problem of a sharp drop in wave-damping capacity due to water layer leakage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of explosion protection, and more particularly to a composite explosion-proof container and transport device with self-healing and fragment capture functions. Background Technology

[0002] As the core equipment for the temporary storage and transfer of suspected explosives in bomb disposal operations, the performance of explosion-proof containers is directly related to the safety of people's lives and property and public safety and order.

[0003] Existing explosion-proof containers are mainly divided into two categories. The first category is explosion-proof containers made of pure solid special steel, which have high explosion resistance, but have inherent defects such as being too heavy, expensive to manufacture, and not convenient for rapid deployment. The second category is explosion-proof containers made of special steel and organic materials (such as rubber, porous fiber bundles, etc.), which are lighter, but generally have problems such as low explosion resistance and insufficient resistance to high-speed fragments. More seriously, the high temperature generated by the explosion will decompose the organic materials, producing a large amount of loose fiber debris and toxic fumes, which not only prolongs the fireball damage effect, but also causes serious secondary environmental pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a composite explosion-proof container and transport device with self-repair and fragment capture functions. The main technical problem to be solved is that the high temperature generated by the explosion will decompose organic materials, producing a large amount of loose fiber debris and toxic fumes, which not only prolongs the fireball damage effect, but also causes serious secondary environmental pollution.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a composite explosion-proof tank with self-repairing and fragment capture functions, comprising an explosion-proof tank body, a tank bottom fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the explosion-proof tank body, and a wall-top protective plate fixedly connected to the top of the explosion-proof tank body. The inner wall of the explosion-proof tank body, from the inside to the outside, is sequentially provided with an inner wall water layer, an inner wall steel plate, a polymer elastomer-filled porous metal layer, a partition plate, a gradient porous metal layer, an outer wall steel plate, and a fiber-reinforced composite material wrapping layer. The outer wall of the inner wall water layer, inner wall steel plate, polymer elastomer-filled porous metal layer, partition plate, gradient porous metal layer, outer wall steel plate, and fiber-reinforced composite material wrapping layer is wrapped with the outer wall of the tank body. By adopting the above technical solution, the gradual attenuation and self-repairing functions of the explosion shock wave and fragments are achieved, solving the problems of insufficient fragment protection capability of existing explosion-proof tanks under large-yield explosion conditions and the sharp drop in wave-damping capability caused by water layer leakage.

[0006] As a further description of the above technical solution: the polymer elastomer-filled porous metal layer is specifically a silicone rubber-filled aluminum foam layer, the gradient porous metal layer is specifically a gradient aluminum foam layer, and the fiber-reinforced composite material wrapping layer is specifically a polyethylene fiber non-woven fabric wrapping layer. By adopting the above technical solution, the specific material selection of each functional layer is further optimized, achieving better high-temperature self-healing, gradient energy absorption, and circumferential constraint effects, and solving the problem that using other non-preferred materials may lead to poor interlayer compatibility or reduced energy absorption efficiency.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: it includes a flatbed truck chassis, and guide rods are inserted into the interior of the flatbed truck chassis. There are four guide rods in total, with each pair of horizontally adjacent guide rods forming a group. The top ends of the two groups of guide rods are fixedly connected to a reinforcing bracket. By adopting the above technical solution, the integration and rapid deployment of the explosion-proof tank and the transport device are realized, solving the problem of the difficulty in safely and stably loading and unloading large explosion-proof tanks at the work site.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: both of the bottom ends of the reinforcing brackets are fixedly connected to built-in buffers. The side of the built-in buffer away from the reinforcing bracket is fixedly set at the top of the flatbed chassis. The guide rod is used to guide the reinforcing bracket. By adopting the above technical solution, the vibration isolation and buffering function during the transportation process is realized, and the problem of micro-damage to the internal structure of the tank or reduced sealing caused by road bumps is solved.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: guide arms are fixedly connected to the four outer corners of the flatbed chassis. The guide arms have grooves inside, and longitudinally arranged unfolding push rods are fixedly connected inside the grooves. The bottom end of the unfolding push rods is fixedly connected to unfolding legs, and the bottom end of the unfolding legs is fixedly connected to support pads. By adopting the above technical solution, rapid and stable support and leveling in the working state are achieved, solving the problem of tipping risk caused by the wheels being suspended or shaking when the flatbed is working on uneven ground.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: the unfolding push rod is used to push the unfolding outrigger and the support pad block downward to the guide arm. The support pad block and the unfolding outrigger are both used to support the flatbed chassis. By adopting the above technical solution, rapid and stable support and leveling in the working state are achieved, and the risk of tipping over caused by the wheels being suspended or shaking when the flatbed is working on uneven ground is solved.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: a support base plate is fixedly connected to the top surface of the reinforcing bracket, and an explosion-proof plate is fixedly connected to the top surface of the support base plate. Through grooves are opened at the four corners of the support base plate and the explosion-proof plate. Guide wheels are rotatably connected inside the through grooves. By adopting the above technical solution, automatic centering and stable clamping of the explosion-proof tank body are achieved, solving the problem of the tank body shifting or overturning due to inertial force during transportation or explosion impact.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: a bottom flange support is fixedly connected to the top surface of the supporting base plate and the explosion-proof plate. The bottom flange support is used to install the explosion-proof tank body. Two supporting guide rails are symmetrically fixedly connected to both the front and rear sides of the supporting base plate. The supporting guide rails have sliding grooves inside. By adopting the above technical solution, automatic centering and stable clamping of the explosion-proof tank body are achieved, solving the problem of the tank body shifting or overturning due to inertial force during transportation or explosion impact.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: a clamping push rod is fixedly connected to the inner side of the supporting guide rail, and a clamping support arm is fixedly connected to the output end of the clamping push rod. A clamping part is fixedly connected to the side of the clamping support arm away from the clamping push rod. The clamping part has an arc-shaped structure and is used to clamp and limit the explosion-proof can body. By adopting the above technical solution, automatic centering and stable clamping of the explosion-proof can body are achieved, solving the problem of the can body shifting or overturning due to inertial force during transportation or explosion impact.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution: an outer hoop steel plate is fixedly connected to the outer side of the explosion-proof tank body. Four connecting chains are fixedly connected in a ring array on the outer wall of the outer hoop steel plate. The connecting chains pass through the supporting base plate via guide wheels. The side of the connecting chains away from the outer hoop steel plate is fixedly connected to the traction balance frame. A traction damper is fixedly connected to the top of the traction balance frame and is fixedly connected to the flatbed chassis through the traction damper. By adopting the above technical solution, the upward jumping tendency of the tank at the moment of explosion is buffered and the attitude is constrained, solving the problem of connection failure or secondary damage caused by the tank jumping upward under the action of internal high pressure.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution: explosion-proof wheels are installed at the four outer corners of the flatbed chassis, and a connecting base plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the flatbed chassis. A traction hook is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting base plate. By adopting the above technical solution, the integration and rapid deployment of the explosion-proof tank and the transport device are realized, solving the problem of the difficulty in safely and stably loading and unloading large explosion-proof tanks at the work site.

[0016] By employing the above technical solution, the composite explosion-proof container and transport device of the present invention with self-repairing and fragment capture functions have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. Compared with existing technologies, this composite explosion-proof tank and transport device with self-healing and fragment capture functions utilizes a multi-layered composite structure, including an inner wall water layer, a polymer elastomer-filled porous metal layer, a gradient porous metal layer, and a fiber-reinforced composite material wrapping layer. This allows the explosion-proof tank body to progressively attenuate shock waves and fragments under explosion impact through fluid equalization, elastomer sealing, porous metal crushing, and fiber circumferential constraint. Specifically, this invention defines a specific layer sequence from the inside out, forming an inseparable overall synergistic mechanism: the polymer elastomer-filled porous metal layer must be tightly attached to the outer side of the inner wall steel plate to achieve self-sealing of the water layer pores; the gradient porous metal layer must be located after the elastomer layer to absorb the filtered residual stress wave; and the fiber wrapping layer must be located on the outermost side to provide circumferential constraint and act as a soft capture layer at the end. Reversing this specific layer sequence or omitting any layer would prevent the achievement of the overall technical effect of slight expansion of the outer wall and reusability. This technology effectively solves the problem of insufficient fragmentation prevention capability of existing explosion-proof tanks under large-yield explosion conditions. The porous metal layer filled with polymer elastomer utilizes the constraint effect of the porous pore walls on the elastomer to generate frictional resistance and shear deformation energy absorption when fragments penetrate. Prototype explosion tests show that it can capture fragments with a diameter of 2-5mm and a velocity of 800-1200m / s without any fragments flying out. At the same time, after the inner wall steel plate is damaged, this layer can seal the rupture through elastic deformation. Tests have verified that it can extend the effective water layer maintenance time by more than 10 times, solving the problem of reduced wave-damping capability caused by water layer leakage in existing technologies.

[0018] 2. Compared with existing technologies, this composite explosion-proof tank and transport device with self-healing and fragment capture functions utilizes a composite design of a porous metal layer filled with polymer elastomer and a gradient porous metal layer. The elastomer filling layer transforms the impact load from a crushing wave into a dissipative wave, weakening the stress peak transmitted to the outer steel plate (attenuation by 60%-80%). Combined with the outermost fiber-reinforced composite material wrapping layer, the tank body is subjected to circumferential constraint, suppressing outer wall expansion. Prototype explosion test (1~5kg TNT) results show that the maximum radial expansion of the outer wall of the tank body is 0.4mm (compared to 3.2mm in existing technologies). Moreover, the tank body remains structurally intact and well-sealed after 5 rated equivalent explosions, enabling reuse. This solves the problem of outer wall bulging and deformation and tank scrapping after a single explosion in existing technologies.

[0019] 3. Compared with existing technologies, this composite explosion-proof container and transport device with self-healing and fragment capture functions, through the setting of a flatbed chassis, built-in buffer, guide rod, deployment push rod, deployment legs, and support pads, enables the explosion-proof container body to reduce the transmission of road impact during transportation through the built-in buffer. After reaching the working position, the deployment push rod drives the deployment legs and support pads to descend and lift the flatbed chassis, achieving stable support. With the help of explosion-proof wheels and traction rings, it can move and deploy quickly, thus solving the problem that existing explosion-proof containers are too bulky and inconvenient for rapid deployment. Using metal-based composite materials and water as the main energy dissipation materials, with only a high-performance fiber layer wrapped on the outside, it avoids the drawbacks of existing all-organic composite explosion-proof containers that produce fiber debris and toxic fumes after explosion. Tests show that the amount of fiber debris released after explosion is reduced by more than 80%, reducing the risk of secondary environmental pollution. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall front view structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the flatbed chassis and explosion-proof wheel assembly structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the main body of the explosion-proof tank of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the outer hoop steel plate and the connecting chain of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0028] Figure 9 The table showing the correspondence between the PVDF sensor, test distance, connecting line, charge amplifier and transient tester of the present invention provides the sensor number, distance from the explosion-proof container, line connection and corresponding test instrument information for each measuring point in the explosion test, which is used to clarify the corresponding relationship between the measuring point layout and data acquisition of the test system.

[0029] Figure 10This is a schematic diagram showing the original waveform and impulse waveform of the explosion shock wave at the measuring point on the inner wall of the first explosion-proof tank of the present invention, reflecting the change law of pressure and impulse on the inner wall of the tank under the action of explosion impact.

[0030] Figure 11 The diagram shows the original waveform and impulse waveform of the explosion shock wave at the measuring point on the outer wall of the first explosion-proof tank of the present invention, illustrating the pressure and impulse response of the explosion shock wave acting on the outer wall after attenuation by the tank.

[0031] Figure 12 The diagram shows the original waveform and impulse waveform of the explosion shock wave at a measuring point 1m away from the first explosion-proof container, representing the attenuation characteristics of the explosion shock wave at close range.

[0032] Figure 13 The diagram shows the original waveform and impulse waveform of the explosion shock wave at a measuring point 3m away from the first explosion-proof container, reflecting the pressure attenuation and impulse change of the explosion shock wave at a distance of 3m.

[0033] Figure 14 The diagram shows the original waveform and impulse waveform of the explosion shock wave at a measuring point 5m away from the first explosion-proof container, illustrating the attenuation effect of the explosion shock wave at a mid-range distance.

[0034] Figure 15 The diagram shows the original waveform and impulse waveform of the explosion shock wave at a measuring point 10m away from the first explosion-proof container, representing the attenuation of the explosion shock wave over a long distance.

[0035] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram showing the original waveform and impulse waveform of the explosion shock wave at the measuring point on the inner wall of the second explosion-proof tank of the present invention, reflecting the change law of pressure and impulse on the inner wall of the tank under the action of explosion impact.

[0036] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram showing the original waveform and impulse waveform of the explosion shock wave at the measuring point on the outer wall of the second explosion-proof tank of the present invention, illustrating the pressure and impulse response of the explosion shock wave acting on the outer wall after attenuation by the tank.

[0037] Figure 18 The diagram shows the original waveform and impulse waveform of the explosion shock wave at a measuring point 3m away from the second explosion-proof tank, reflecting the pressure attenuation and impulse change of the explosion shock wave at a distance of 3m.

[0038] Figure 19 The diagram shows the original waveform and impulse waveform of the explosion shock wave at a measuring point 5m away from the second explosion-proof tank, illustrating the attenuation effect of the explosion shock wave at a mid-range distance.

[0039] Legend:

[0040] 1. Flatbed chassis; 101. Explosion-proof wheels; 1011. Connecting base plate; 1012. Traction ring; 2. Guide support rod; 201. Reinforced bracket; 2011. Built-in buffer; 3. Guide arm; 301. Deployment push rod; 3011. Deployment leg; 3012. Support pad; 4. Support base plate; 401. Explosion-proof plate; 4011. Guide wheel; 5. Bottom flange support; 501. Support rail; 5011. Clamping push rod; 5012. Clamping arm; 5013. 6. Clamping part; 6. Explosion-proof tank body; 601. Tank bottom; 6011. Top wall protective plate; 6012. Inner wall water layer; 6013. Inner wall steel plate; 6014. Polymer elastomer filled porous metal layer; 6015. Partition plate; 6016. Gradient porous metal layer; 6017. Outer wall steel plate; 6018. Fiber reinforced composite material wrapping layer; 6019. Outer wall of tank; 7. Outer hoop steel plate; 701. Connecting chain; 7011. Traction damper; 7012. Traction balance frame. Detailed Implementation

[0041] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 19 This invention provides a composite explosion-proof tank and its transport device with self-repairing and fragment capture functions: A composite explosion-proof tank with self-repairing and fragment capture functions includes an explosion-proof tank body 6. The bottom of the explosion-proof tank body 6 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tank body 6, and the top of the explosion-proof tank body 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the tank body 6. The inner wall of the explosion-proof tank body 6 is provided with, from the inside to the outside, an inner wall water layer 6012, an inner wall steel plate 6013, a polymer elastomer-filled porous metal layer 6014, a partition plate 6015, a gradient porous metal layer 6016, an outer wall steel plate 6017, and a fiber-reinforced composite material wrapping layer 6018. The outer wall of the inner wall water layer 6012, the inner wall steel plate 6013, the polymer elastomer-filled porous metal layer 6014, the partition plate 6015, the gradient porous metal layer 6016, the outer wall steel plate 6017, and the fiber-reinforced composite material wrapping layer 6018 is wrapped with an outer wall 6019.

[0042] As a specific preparation process, the polymer elastomer-filled porous metal layer 6014 is prepared by a vacuum infiltration process: an open-cell aluminum foam board is selected and placed in a container with a vacuum degree ≤ -0.095MPa. Liquid silicone rubber is injected and a pressure of 0.5MPa is applied and held for 30 minutes to completely fill the interconnected pores of the aluminum foam with silicone rubber. Subsequently, it is heated and cured at 80℃~100℃. The gradient porous metal layer 6016 is formed by stacking and bonding three layers of aluminum foam boards with porosities of 90%, 70%, and 50% respectively from the inside to the outside along the thickness direction, with each layer having a thickness of 20mm. The fiber-reinforced composite material wrapping layer 6018 is formed by 30 layers of single-layer non-woven fabric with a surface density of 200g / m² cross-wound at ±45° angles to the outer surface of the outer wall steel plate 6017. A linear tension of 50~80N is applied during the winding process, and low-viscosity epoxy resin is sprayed between the layers. Finally, it is cured in a constant temperature oven at 60℃ for 48 hours.

[0043] The system includes a flatbed chassis 1, with guide rods 2 inserted inside the flatbed chassis 1. There are four guide rods 2 in total, with each pair of horizontally adjacent guide rods 2 forming a group. The top of each group of guide rods 2 is fixedly connected to a reinforcing bracket 201.

[0044] The bottom ends of the two reinforcing brackets 201 are fixedly connected to built-in buffers 2011. The side of the built-in buffer 2011 away from the reinforcing bracket 201 is fixedly set at the top of the flatbed chassis 1. The guide rod 2 is used to guide the reinforcing bracket 201.

[0045] Among them, guide arms 3 are fixedly connected to the four outer corners of the flatbed chassis 1. The guide arms 3 have a sliding groove inside. A longitudinally arranged unfolding push rod 301 is fixedly connected inside the sliding groove. An unfolding leg 301 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the unfolding push rod 301. A support pad 3012 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the unfolding leg 3011.

[0046] The deploying push rod 301 is used to push the deploying outrigger 3011 and the support pad 3012 downward to the guide arm 3. Both the support pad 3012 and the deploying outrigger 3011 are used to support the flatbed chassis 1.

[0047] Among them, a support base plate 4 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the reinforcing bracket 201, and an explosion-proof plate 401 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the support base plate 4. Through grooves are opened at the four corners of the support base plate 4 and the explosion-proof plate 401, and guide wheels 4011 are rotatably connected inside the through grooves.

[0048] Among them, the bottom flange support 5 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the support base plate 4 and the explosion-proof plate 401. The bottom flange support 5 is used to install the explosion-proof tank body 6. Two support guide rails 501 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the support base plate 4. The support guide rails 501 have grooves inside.

[0049] Among them, a clamping push rod 5011 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the support guide rail 501, and a clamping support arm 5012 is fixedly connected to the output end of the clamping push rod 5011. A clamping part 5013 is fixedly connected to the side of the clamping support arm 5012 away from the clamping push rod 5011. The clamping part 5013 has an arc-shaped structure and is used to clamp the limiting explosion-proof can body 6.

[0050] Among them, an outer hoop steel plate 7 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the explosion-proof tank body 6. Four connecting chains 701 are fixedly connected in a ring array on the outer wall of the outer hoop steel plate 7. The connecting chains 701 pass through the support base plate 4 via guide wheels 4011. The side of the connecting chain 701 away from the outer hoop steel plate 7 is fixedly connected to the traction balance frame 7012. The top of the traction balance frame 7012 is fixedly connected to the traction damper 7011, and is fixedly connected to the flatbed chassis 1 through the traction damper 7011.

[0051] Among them, explosion-proof wheels 101 are installed at the four outer corners of the flatbed chassis 1, and a connecting base plate 1011 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the flatbed chassis 1. A traction hook 1012 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting base plate 1011.

[0052] Working principle: First, the explosion-proof tank body 6 is installed on the top surface of the support base plate 4 and the explosion-proof plate 401 via the bottom flange support 5. The support base plate 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the reinforcing bracket 201. The bottom end of the reinforcing bracket 201 is connected to the flatbed chassis 1 via the built-in buffer 2011. The guide rod 2 guides the vertical movement of the reinforcing bracket 201. After the explosion-proof tank body 6 is placed, the clamping push rod 5011 on the inner side of the support guide rail 501 drives the clamping arm 5012 to move towards the tank body. The clamping arm 5012 drives the clamping part 5013 to abut against the outer wall of the explosion-proof tank body 6. 5013 has an arc-shaped structure. The symmetrically arranged clamping push rods 5011 on both sides work together to clamp and limit the explosion-proof tank body 6 above the bottom flange support 5. When the explosion-proof tank body 6 needs to be transferred, the tractor vehicle connects to the connecting base plate 1011 via the tractor hook 1012. The flatbed chassis 1 moves via explosion-proof wheels 101. During movement, the built-in buffer 2011 provides cushioning support to the reinforcing bracket 201, reducing the impact from the road surface transmitted to the explosion-proof tank body 6. When the flatbed chassis 1 reaches the designated position, the unfolding push rod 301 inside the guide arm 3 is activated. 1. Extend the outriggers 3011 and support pads 3012 downwards, causing the support pads 3012 to contact the ground and lifting the flatbed chassis 1, thus lifting the explosion-proof wheels 101 off the ground and achieving stable support in operation; After the explosive is placed inside the explosion-proof container body 6, an outer hoop steel plate 7 is fixedly connected to the outside of the explosion-proof container body 6. Four connecting chains 701 are fixedly connected in a ring array on the outer wall of the outer hoop steel plate 7. The connecting chains 701 pass through the support base plate 4 via guide wheels 4011. The side of the connecting chain 701 away from the outer hoop steel plate 7 is fixedly connected to the traction balance frame 7012. The top of 7012 is fixedly connected to a traction damper 7011 and is fixedly connected to the flatbed chassis 1 through the traction damper 7011. When the impact force generated by the explosion causes the tank to move upward, the outer hoop steel plate 7 transmits the tension to the traction balance frame 7012 through the connecting chain 701. The traction balance frame 7012 then transmits the tension to the traction damper 7011. The traction damper 7011 buffers and absorbs the tension. At the same time, the guide wheel 4011 guides the movement direction of the connecting chain 701 to ensure that the tension is transmitted along the set path, thereby maintaining the stability of the explosion-proof tank body 6 during the explosion process.

[0053] When a suspected explosive device detonates inside the explosion-proof tank body 6, the blast shock wave and high-speed fragments first act on the inner wall water layer 6012 of the explosion-proof tank body 6. Under the impact, the water in the inner wall water layer 6012 transforms the locally concentrated explosive load into a uniformly distributed pressure acting on the inner side of the inner wall steel plate 6013. At the same time, the water vaporizes at high temperature, absorbing a large amount of heat during the vaporization process, reducing the peak temperature inside the explosion-proof tank body 6. Subsequently, the fragments penetrate the inner wall water layer 6012 and impact the inner wall steel plate 6013. The inner wall steel plate 6013 is subjected to the impact of the fragments. When impacted, local deformation or perforation occurs. The polymer elastomer-filled porous metal layer 6014, located close to the outer side of the inner wall steel plate 6013, undergoes viscoelastic deformation towards the perforation direction of the inner wall steel plate 6013 under the combined action of water pressure from the inner wall water layer 6012 and shock wave pressure. The elastomer is squeezed into the perforation and seals the crack, delaying the outward flow of water from the inner wall water layer 6012, thus maintaining the continuous wave-damping capacity of the water layer. As the fragment continues to penetrate inward into the polymer elastomer-filled porous metal layer 6014, the fragment must compress and shear the filling within the porous metal layer. The elastomer within the pores undergoes shear deformation and tearing under the constraint of the porous metal pore walls. Simultaneously, the porous metal pore walls generate frictional resistance on the fragment surface, causing the fragment's kinetic energy to be converted into heat and dissipated, significantly reducing the fragment velocity. After being attenuated by the polymer elastomer-filled porous metal layer 6014, the shock wave and residual fragments continue to propagate outwards, first passing through the partition plate 6015. The partition plate 6015, acting as a boundary and connecting interface between functional layers, uniformly transmits the impact force to the next layer. Subsequently, the shock wave enters the gradient porous metal layer. 6016, a gradient porous metal layer, has a porosity that gradually decreases from the inside to the outside along its thickness direction. The low-porosity part has a higher density, while the high-porosity part has a lower density. The shock wave first acts on the inner part with a lower density, where the pore walls are thinner and yielding and crushing occur under lower stress, absorbing some of the shock energy. As the shock wave propagates further, the outer part with a higher density has thicker pore walls, requiring higher stress to cause crushing. This ensures continuous energy absorption throughout the entire shock wave process and avoids a sudden increase in stress.The residual stress wave is transmitted to the outer steel plate 6017 after being crushed and absorbed by the gradient porous metal layer 6016. The outer steel plate 6017, as the main rigid constraint boundary, bears the residual internal pressure after multi-layer attenuation, maintaining the macroscopic geometry of the explosion-proof tank body 6. At the same time, the outer steel plate 6017 tends to expand radially under the action of internal pressure. The fiber-reinforced composite material wrapping layer 6018 wrapped around the outer steel plate 6017 utilizes the high specific strength and high modulus characteristics of its fiber material to generate tensile deformation in the circumferential direction and form circumferential contraction pressure inward, inhibiting further expansion of the outer steel plate 6017 and preventing plastic bulging deformation of the outer steel plate 6017. At the same time, the fiber-reinforced composite material wrapping layer 6018, as the last flexible defense line, softly captures the small fragments or metal jets that may penetrate the outer steel plate 6017, ensuring that no fragments fly out of the explosion-proof tank body 6.

[0054] During the explosion, the bottom 601 of the explosion-proof can body 6 bears the impact reaction force from below. The bottom 601 adopts the same multi-layer composite structure as the can wall. From the inside out, the layers are: an inner water layer 6012, an inner steel plate 6013, a porous metal layer filled with polymer elastomer 6014, a partition plate 6015, a gradient porous metal layer 6016, an outer steel plate 6017, and a fiber-reinforced composite material wrapping layer 6018. These layers, in the same order and manner as the can wall, progressively attenuate and absorb the downward-propagating shock wave and fragments. Simultaneously, the bottom 601 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the explosion-proof can body 6, forming a closed bottom load-bearing structure to prevent explosion energy leakage from the bottom. A top wall protection plate 6011 is fixedly connected to the top of the explosion-proof can body 6. During the explosion, the top wall protection plate 6011 structurally reinforces the edge of the can opening to prevent cracking or deformation of the can opening under the shock wave. As the upper boundary of the tank, it confines the upward shock wave and fragments inside the tank, guiding some of the impact energy to be released upwards from the tank opening, reducing the continuous lateral pressure on the tank wall. Throughout the explosion, the outer wall 6019 of the explosion-proof tank body 6 encloses the inner wall water layer 6012, inner wall steel plate 6013, polymer elastomer-filled porous metal layer 6014, partition plate 6015, gradient porous metal layer 6016, outer wall steel plate 6017, and fiber-reinforced composite material wrapping layer 6018 inside, maintaining the relative position and close contact between the layers, preventing relative slippage or delamination of the layers under the explosion impact, thereby ensuring the overall coordinated operation of the multi-layer composite structure. Thus, the composite explosion-proof tank and transport device with self-healing and fragment capture functions complete the multi-stage attenuation of the explosion shock wave and fragments, self-healing and sealing of water layer leakage, stable control of the tank's attitude, and support and movement functions for transport operations.

[0055] The device can also be equipped with an auxiliary explosion-proof blanket, which is composed of a red abrasion-resistant and waterproof layer, a basalt fiber cloth layer, a UHMWPE non-woven cloth layer, and a black abrasion-resistant and waterproof layer from the inside out. The red and black abrasion-resistant and waterproof layers are polyester coated fabrics with a thickness of 0.4~0.6mm; the basalt fiber cloth layer is a continuous basalt fiber plain weave cloth with a thickness of 1.0~2.0mm and a temperature resistance of ≥1000℃; the UHMWPE non-woven cloth layer is composed of 2~4 layers of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber non-woven cloth. The explosion-proof blanket has movable pull rings at its four corners for fixed connection to the base plate of the transport device. Its working principle is as follows: When an explosion occurs, the explosion-proof blanket covering the tank opening blocks the high-temperature flames through the basalt fiber cloth layer, and uses the stretching deformation of the UHMWPE non-woven cloth layer to absorb the kinetic energy of the depressurized fragments to achieve secondary capture. At the same time, the four corner pull rings are fixedly connected to the bottom plate to prevent the blanket from being blown away, thereby effectively suppressing the secondary disasters of flame spread and fragment splash caused by the depressurization of the tank opening.

[0056] Meanwhile, to verify the explosion resistance and safety reliability of the composite explosion-proof canister described in this invention, a field explosion test of the prototype of the new explosion-proof canister was conducted at a military firing range. Specific data can be found at [reference needed]. Figures 9-19 .

[0057] The above-mentioned prototype explosion test (range, 1~5kg TNT) adopted Figure 9 The test system shown acquired 10 waveforms of the explosion shock wave and impulse from measuring points on the inner and outer walls of the tank, as well as at distances of 1m, 3m, 5m, and 10m from the tank. The test results indicate that:

[0058] The maximum radial expansion of the outer wall of the tank is 0.4 mm, far less than the 3.2 mm of the existing technology; the shock wave overpressure at 10 m from the tank is <10 kPa, far below the human lethal threshold of 190 kPa; 100% of the fragments inside the tank are captured, with none flying out. After five rated equivalent explosions, the tank remains structurally intact and well-sealed. The silicone rubber-filled aluminum foam layer maintains structural integrity even after fragment penetration, demonstrating effective self-sealing.

[0059] Regarding the assessment of the lethal threat to humans from different blast wave overpressures, various studies and regulations yield varying results, with lethal overpressures for personnel ranging from 190 to 240 kPa. This protective system can reduce the overpressure to 13-16 kPa, correspondingly reducing the overpressure impulse, significantly decreasing the impact and thermal effects, and effectively reducing secondary effects such as fragmentation and falling objects.

[0060] Analysis and comparison show that the overpressure of the air shock wave at a distance of 10m from the tank is safe.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite explosion-proof container with self-healing and fragment capture functions, characterized in that: The explosion-proof tank body (6) includes a tank bottom (601) fixedly connected to the bottom of the explosion-proof tank body (6), and a wall top guard plate (6011) fixedly connected to the top of the explosion-proof tank body (6). The inner wall of the explosion-proof tank body (6) is provided with an inner wall water layer (6012), an inner wall steel plate (6013), a polymer elastomer-filled porous metal layer (6014), a partition plate (6015), a gradient porous metal layer (6016), an outer wall steel plate (6017), and a fiber-reinforced composite material wrapping layer (6018) in sequence from the inside to the outside. The outer wall of the inner wall water layer (6012), inner wall steel plate (6013), polymer elastomer-filled porous metal layer (6014), partition plate (6015), gradient porous metal layer (6016), outer wall steel plate (6017), and fiber-reinforced composite material wrapping layer (6018) is wrapped with the outer wall of the tank body (6019).

2. The composite explosion-proof container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polymer elastomer-filled porous metal layer (6014) is a silicone rubber-filled aluminum foam layer; the gradient porous metal layer (6016) is a gradient aluminum foam layer; and the fiber-reinforced composite material wrapping layer (6018) is a polyethylene fiber non-woven fabric wrapping layer.

3. The composite explosion-proof container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polymer elastomer in the porous metal layer (6014) is selected from any one of silicone rubber, polyurethane elastomer, fluororubber, butyl rubber or thermoplastic elastomer; the porous metal is selected from any one of open-cell aluminum foam, nickel foam, copper foam, titanium foam or metal honeycomb structure.

4. The composite explosion-proof container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gradient of the gradient porous metal layer (6016) is achieved by any one or more combinations of density gradient, pore size gradient, material gradient or thickness direction continuous gradient.

5. The composite explosion-proof container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber material of the fiber-reinforced composite material coating layer (6018) is selected from any one or more of polyethylene fiber, aramid fiber, carbon fiber, PBO fiber or glass fiber.

6. A transport device for a composite explosion-proof container with self-healing and fragment capture functions, characterized in that: It includes a flatbed chassis (1) and a composite explosion-proof tank installed on the flatbed chassis (1); the flatbed chassis (1) is provided with a bottom flange support (5) and an outer hoop steel plate (7) for fixing the body (6) of the explosion-proof tank. The outer hoop steel plate (7) is connected to the flatbed chassis (1) by a connecting chain (701) with a diagonal tension.

7. The transport device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flatbed chassis (1) is internally fitted with guide rods (2), and there are four guide rods (2) in total. Each pair of guide rods (2) that are laterally adjacent forms a group. The top of each group of guide rods (2) is fixedly connected to a reinforcing bracket (201). The bottom of each of the two reinforcing brackets (201) is fixedly connected to a built-in buffer (2011). The side of the built-in buffer (2011) that is away from the reinforcing bracket (201) is fixedly set at the top of the flatbed chassis (1).

8. The transport device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Guide arms (3) are fixedly connected to the four outer corners of the flatbed chassis (1). The guide arms (3) have a sliding groove inside, and a longitudinally arranged unfolding push rod (301) is fixedly connected inside the sliding groove. An unfolding leg (3011) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the unfolding push rod (301), and a support pad (3012) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the unfolding leg (3011).

9. The transport device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A support base plate (4) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the reinforcing bracket (201), and an explosion-proof plate (401) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the support base plate (4); the bottom flange support (5) is fixedly connected to the top surfaces of the support base plate (4) and the explosion-proof plate (401); two support guide rails (501) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the support base plate (4), a clamping push rod (5011) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the support guide rail (501), a clamping arm (5012) is fixedly connected to the output end of the clamping push rod (5011), and an arc-shaped clamping part (5013) is fixedly connected to the side of the clamping arm (5012) away from the clamping push rod (5011).

10. The transport device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer hoop steel plate (7) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the explosion-proof tank body (6). Four connecting chains (701) are fixedly connected in a ring array on the outer wall of the outer hoop steel plate (7). The connecting chains (701) pass through the support base plate (4) via guide wheels (4011). The side of the connecting chain (701) away from the outer hoop steel plate (7) is fixedly connected to the traction balance frame (7012). The top of the traction balance frame (7012) is fixedly connected to the traction damper (7011), and the traction damper (7011) is connected to the flatbed chassis (1) of the flatbed truck. The flatbed chassis (1) is fixedly connected to the four outer corners of the flatbed chassis (1). An explosion-proof wheel (101) is installed at each of the four outer corners of the flatbed chassis (1). A connecting base plate (1011) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the flatbed chassis (1). A traction hook (1012) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting base plate (1011). The auxiliary explosion-proof blanket is composed of a red wear-resistant and waterproof layer, a basalt fiber cloth layer, a UHMWPE non-woven cloth layer and a black wear-resistant and waterproof layer from the inside to the outside. The explosion-proof blanket is provided with movable pull rings at the four corners for fixed connection with the flatbed chassis (1) or the support base plate (4).

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